UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

 

x

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2009

 

 

 

or

 

 

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

 

For the transition period from              to              

 

Commission file number: 001-33437

 


 

KKR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS LLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

 

11-3801844
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

 

 

555 California Street, 50 th  Floor
San Francisco, CA
(Address of principal executive offices)

 

94104
(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (415) 315-3620

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  x  Yes  o  No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  o   No  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  o

Accelerated filer x

 

 

Non-accelerated filer  o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company  o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  o  Yes  x  No

 

The number of shares of the registrant’s common shares outstanding as of August 3, 2009 was 158,139,238.

 

 

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

Item 1.

Financial Statements

 

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

 

Part II.
OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

 

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

 

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

Item 5.

Other Information

 

Item 6.

Exhibits

 

 

2



 

PART I.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share information)

 

 

 

June 30,
2009

 

December 31,
2008

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

114,353

 

$

41,430

 

Restricted cash and cash equivalents

 

288,944

 

1,233,585

 

Securities available-for-sale, $603,979 and $553,441 pledged as collateral as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively

 

604,916

 

555,965

 

Corporate loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $473,202 and $480,775 as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively

 

6,646,440

 

7,246,797

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities, at estimated fair value, $76,572 and $102,814 pledged as collateral as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively

 

76,572

 

102,814

 

Residential mortgage loans, at estimated fair value

 

2,218,319

 

2,620,021

 

Corporate loans held for sale

 

168,547

 

324,649

 

Private equity investments, at estimated fair value

 

54,016

 

5,287

 

Derivative assets

 

11,562

 

73,869

 

Interest and principal receivable

 

83,395

 

116,788

 

Reverse repurchase agreements

 

80,344

 

88,252

 

Other assets

 

98,186

 

105,625

 

Total assets

 

$

10,445,594

 

$

12,515,082

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

$

5,793,906

 

$

7,487,611

 

Collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates

 

632,542

 

655,313

 

Secured revolving credit facility

 

256,597

 

275,633

 

Convertible senior notes

 

275,800

 

291,500

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

288,671

 

288,671

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued, at estimated fair value

 

2,080,592

 

2,462,882

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

37,694

 

60,124

 

Accrued interest payable

 

34,602

 

61,119

 

Accrued interest payable to affiliates

 

3,245

 

3,987

 

Related party payable

 

5,960

 

2,876

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

77,637

 

90,809

 

Derivative liabilities

 

58,734

 

171,212

 

Total liabilities

 

9,545,980

 

11,851,737

 

Shareholders’ Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred shares, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized and none issued and outstanding at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Common shares, no par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, and 158,139,238 and 150,881,500 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively

 

 

 

Paid-in-capital

 

2,559,898

 

2,550,849

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(49,195

)

(268,782

)

Accumulated deficit

 

(1,611,089

)

(1,618,722

)

Total shareholders’ equity

 

899,614

 

663,345

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

$

10,445,594

 

$

12,515,082

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

3



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Net investment income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities interest income

 

$

23,252

 

$

34,788

 

$

52,104

 

$

74,597

 

Loan interest income

 

121,919

 

184,550

 

251,123

 

401,087

 

Dividend income

 

26

 

1,092

 

287

 

1,908

 

Other interest income

 

106

 

4,998

 

462

 

16,074

 

Total investment income

 

145,303

 

225,428

 

303,976

 

493,666

 

Interest expense

 

(72,403

)

(128,037

)

(162,285

)

(282,102

)

Interest expense to affiliates

 

(5,379

)

(19,707

)

(11,184

)

(47,525

)

Provision for loan losses

 

(12,808

)

(10,000

)

(39,795

)

(10,000

)

Net investment income

 

54,713

 

67,684

 

90,712

 

154,039

 

Other loss:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives and foreign exchange

 

26,505

 

(5,918

)

38,901

 

(52,934

)

Net realized and unrealized loss on investments

 

(46,553

)

(17,217

)

(106,757

)

(30,976

)

Net realized and unrealized loss on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value

 

(7,445

)

(5,594

)

(26,864

)

(14,772

)

Net realized and unrealized gain on securities sold, not yet purchased

 

2,479

 

1,664

 

3,916

 

8,650

 

Gain on restructuring and extinguishment of debt

 

6,892

 

17,225

 

41,463

 

17,225

 

Other income

 

1,578

 

513

 

2,911

 

5,469

 

Total other loss

 

(16,544

)

(9,327

)

(46,430

)

(67,338

)

Non-investment expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related party management compensation

 

10,304

 

10,387

 

21,516

 

19,546

 

General, administrative and directors expenses

 

2,975

 

5,752

 

5,378

 

10,274

 

Professional services

 

2,090

 

1,071

 

5,475

 

2,928

 

Loan servicing

 

2,056

 

2,391

 

4,192

 

4,960

 

Total non-investment expenses

 

17,425

 

19,601

 

36,561

 

37,708

 

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

 

20,744

 

38,756

 

7,721

 

48,993

 

Income tax expense

 

(135

)

(116

)

(88

)

(116

)

Income from continuing operations

 

20,609

 

38,640

 

7,633

 

48,877

 

(Loss) income from discontinued operations

 

 

(1,079

)

 

2,668

 

Net income

 

$

20,609

 

$

37,561

 

$

7,633

 

$

51,545

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.38

 

Income per share from discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

0.02

 

Net income per share

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.40

 

Diluted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.37

 

Income per share from discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

0.02

 

Net income per share

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.39

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

151,202

 

146,025

 

150,462

 

130,289

 

Diluted

 

151,202

 

146,025

 

150,462

 

130,289

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

4



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Common
Shares

 

Paid-In
Capital

 

Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Loss

 

Accumulated
Deficit

 

Comprehensive
Income

 

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

 

Balance at January 1, 2009

 

150,881

 

$

2,550,849

 

$

(268,782

)

$

(1,618,722

)

 

 

$

663,345

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

7,633

 

$

7,633

 

7,633

 

Net change in unrealized loss on cash flow hedges

 

 

 

31,991

 

 

31,991

 

31,991

 

Net change in unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale

 

 

 

187,596

 

 

187,596

 

187,596

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

227,220

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares

 

7,258

 

8,808

 

 

 

 

 

8,808

 

Share-based compensation expense related to restricted common shares

 

 

241

 

 

 

 

 

241

 

Balance at June 30, 2009

 

158,139

 

$

2,559,898

 

$

(49,195

)

$

(1,611,089

)

 

 

$

899,614

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

5



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the six months
ended June 30, 2009

 

For the six months
ended June 30, 2008

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

7,633

 

$

51,545

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized and unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, foreign exchange, and securities sold, not yet purchased

 

(42,817

)

44,284

 

Gain on restructuring and extinguishment of debt

 

(41,463

)

(17,225

)

Write-off of debt issuance costs

 

112

 

1,071

 

Lower of cost or estimated fair value adjustment on corporate loans held for sale

 

39,728

 

2,637

 

Provision for loan losses

 

39,795

 

10,000

 

Impairment on securities available-for-sale

 

40,013

 

9,688

 

Share-based compensation

 

241

 

1,013

 

Net realized and unrealized loss (gain) on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and liabilities at estimated fair value

 

26,864

 

(4,824

)

Net realized and unrealized loss on investments

 

27,016

 

20,150

 

Depreciation and net amortization

 

(23,753

)

(14,516

)

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest and principal receivable

 

39,238

 

41,049

 

Other assets

 

(11,382

)

(7,325

)

Related party payable

 

3,084

 

(4,255

)

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

(50,670

)

(43,223

)

Accrued interest payable

 

(20,070

)

(16,808

)

Accrued interest payable to affiliates

 

11,058

 

36,614

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

44,627

 

109,875

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Principal payments from investments

 

517,202

 

966,000

 

Proceeds from sale of investments

 

1,001,814

 

823,721

 

Purchases of investments

 

(473,596

)

(1,337,887

)

Net proceeds, purchases, and settlements of derivatives

 

20,099

 

18,131

 

Net change in reverse repurchase agreements

 

7,908

 

69,840

 

Net reductions to restricted cash and cash equivalents

 

944,641

 

337,847

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

2,018,068

 

877,652

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in repurchase agreements, secured revolving credit facility, and secured demand loan

 

(19,036

)

(2,620,935

)

Net change in asset-backed secured liquidity notes

 

 

(136,596

)

Repayment of residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

(269,238

)

(363,500

)

Repayment of collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

(1,700,860

)

 

Issuance of collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

 

1,600,000

 

Net change in subordinated notes to affiliates

 

 

(47,880

)

Net change in junior subordinated notes

 

 

(18,857

)

Net proceeds from common share offering

 

 

383,631

 

Distributions on common shares

 

 

(117,958

)

Other capitalized costs

 

(638

)

(504

)

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(1,989,772

)

(1,322,599

)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

72,923

 

(335,072

)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

41,430

 

524,080

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

114,353

 

$

189,008

 

Supplemental cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

 

$

183,550

 

$

357,894

 

Cash paid for income taxes

 

$

373

 

$

99

 

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net payable (receivable) for securities purchased

 

$

28,238

 

$

(660

)

Conversion from corporate loans to corporate securities

 

$

 

$

228,350

 

Distributions of securities to the asset-backed secured liquidity noteholders

 

$

 

$

3,623,049

 

Conversion of corporate loan to private equity investment

 

$

48,467

 

$

 

Exchange of convertible senior notes to equity

 

$

8,808

 

$

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

6



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Note 1. Organization

 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC together with its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “KKR Financial”) is a specialty finance company that uses leverage with the objective of generating competitive risk-adjusted returns. The Company invests in financial assets primarily consisting of below investment grade corporate debt, including senior secured and unsecured loans, mezzanine loans, high yield corporate bonds, distressed and stressed debt securities, marketable equity securities, private equity investments and credit default and total rate of return swaps. The corporate loans the Company invests in are generally referred to as syndicated bank loans, or leveraged loans, and are purchased via assignment or participation in either the primary or secondary market. The majority of the Company’s corporate debt investments are held in collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) transactions that the Company uses as long term financing for these investments. The Company’s CLO transactions are structured as on-balance sheet securitizations of corporate loans and high yield debt securities. The senior secured notes issued by the CLO transactions are generally owned by third party investors who are unaffiliated with the Compa ny and the Company owns the majority of the mezzanine and subordinated notes in the CLO transactions.

 

The Company closely monitors its liquidity position and believes it has sufficient liquidity and access to liquidity to meet its financial obligations for at least the next 12 months. The Company believes that it is in compliance with the covenants contained in its borrowing agreements.

 

KKR Financial Advisors LLC (the “Manager”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC, manages the Company pursuant to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”). Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (“KKR”).

 

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, consolidated residential mortgage loan securitization trusts where the Company is the primary beneficiary, and entities established to complete secured financing transactions that are considered to be variable interest entities and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

 

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008. The Company’s results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments have been included for a fair statement of this interim financial information.

 

Subsequent Events

 

The Company evaluates subsequent events through the date that the financial statements are issued on August 6, 2009.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from management’s estimates.

 

7



 

Consolidation

 

The Company consolidates all non-variable interest entities in which it holds a greater than 50 percent voting interest. The Company also consolidates all variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which it is considered to be the primary beneficiary pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities—an interpretation of ARB No. 51 , as revised (“FIN 46R”). In general, FIN 46R requires an enterprise to consolidate a VIE when the enterprise holds a variable interest in the VIE and is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. An enterprise is the primary beneficiary if it absorbs a majority of the VIE’s expected losses, receives a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns, or both.

 

KKR Financial CLO 2005-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2005-2, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-2”), KKR Financial CLO 2006-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2006-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-A, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-A”) and KKR Financial CLO 2009-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2009-1”), are entities established to complete secured financing transactions. These entities are VIEs and are not considered to be qualifying special-purpose entities (“QSPE”) as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (“SFAS No. 140”). The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of these entities and has included the accounts of these entities in these condensed consolidated financial statements. Additionally, the Company is the primary beneficiary of six residential mortgage loan securitization trusts that are not considered to be QSPEs under SFAS No. 140 and the Company has therefore included the accounts of these entities in these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

As defined in SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”), fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters, or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instruments’ complexity for disclosure purposes. Beginning in January 2007, assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their value. Hierarchical levels, as defined in SFAS No. 157 and directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuations of these assets and liabilities, are as follows:

 

Level 1: Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

The types of assets carried at level 1 fair value generally are equity securities listed in active markets.

 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

 

Fair value assets and liabilities that are generally included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, certain corporate loans held for sale, certain private equity investments, certain securities sold, not yet purchased and certain financial instruments classified as derivatives where the fair value is based on observable market inputs.

 

Level 3: Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and consideration of factors specific to the asset.

 

Generally, assets and liabilities carried at fair value and included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, certain corporate loans held for sale, certain private equity investments, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, real estate owned (“REO”), residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain derivatives.

 

8



 

In the second quarter of 2009, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly (“FSP FAS 157-4”). This FSP provides additional guidance on determining fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased when compared with normal market activity for the asset or liability (or similar assets or liabilities). A significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability is an indication that transactions or quoted prices may not be determinative of fair value because in such market conditions there may be increased instances of transactions that are not orderly. In those circumstances, further analysis of transactions or quoted prices is needed, and a significant adjustment to the transactions or quoted prices may be necessary to estimate fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157. The adoption of FSP FAS 157-4 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate (for example, the use of a market approach and a present value technique). When weighting indications of fair value resulting from the use of multiple valuation techniques, a reporting entity shall consider the reasonableness of the range of fair value estimates. The objective is to determine the point within that range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions. A wide range of fair value estimates may be an indication that further analysis is needed.

 

Regardless of the approach taken (i.e. either a single valuation technique or multiple valuation techniques), even in circumstances where there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability and regardless of the valuation technique(s) used, the objective of a fair value measurement remains the same. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. Determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions if there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. However, a reporting entity’s intention to hold the asset or liability is not relevant in estimating fair value. Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement

 

The FSP also emphasizes that in identifying transactions that are not orderly, an entity cannot assume that the observable transaction price is not orderly when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly declined. Instead, an entity must perform an analysis to determine whether the observable price is representative of a transaction that is not orderly. In making this determination, an entity cannot ignore information that is available without undue cost and effort; however, the entity is not required to undertake all possible efforts. A reporting entity shall evaluate the circumstances to determine whether the transaction is orderly based on the weight of the evidence.

 

The availability of observable inputs can vary depending on the financial asset or liability and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether the product is new, whether the product is traded on an active exchange or in the secondary market, and the current market condition. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in level 3. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

 

Many financial assets and liabilities have bid and ask prices that can be observed in the marketplace. Bid prices reflect the highest price that the Company and others are willing to pay for an asset. Ask prices represent the lowest price that the Company and others are willing to accept for an asset. For financial assets and liabilities whose inputs are based on bid-ask prices, the Company does not require that fair value always be a predetermined point in the bid-ask range. The Company’s policy is to allow for mid-market pricing and adjusting to the point within the bid-ask range that meets the Company’s best estimate of fair value.

 

Depending on the relative liquidity in the markets for certain assets, the Company may transfer assets to level 3 if it determines that observable quoted prices, obtained directly or indirectly, are not available. Assets and liabilities that are valued using level 3 of the fair value hierarchy primarily consist of certain corporate debt securities, certain private equity investments, certain corporate loans held for sale, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts. The valuation techniques used for these are described below.

 

9



 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities, Residential Mortgage Loans, and Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Issued:   Residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using industry recognized models (including Intex and Bloomberg) and data for similar instruments (e.g., nationally recognized pricing services or broker quotes). The most significant inputs to the valuation of these instruments are default and loss expectations and market credit spreads.

 

Corporate Debt Securities:   Corporate debt securities are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using market data for similar instruments (e.g., recent transactions or broker quotes), comparisons to benchmark derivative indices or valuation models. Valuations models are based on discounted cash flow techniques, for which the key inputs are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, market yields for such instruments and recovery assumptions. Inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate similar instruments from similar issuers.

 

OTC Derivative Contracts:   OTC derivative contracts include forward, swap and option contracts related to interest rates, foreign currencies, credit standing of reference entities, and equity prices. The fair value of OTC derivative products can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed-form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and simulation models or a combination thereof. Many pricing models do not entail material subjectivity because the methodologies employed do not necessitate significant judgment, and the pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets, as is the case for generic interest rate swap and option contracts.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash held in banks and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents is recorded in other interest income.

 

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Restricted cash and cash equivalents represent amounts that are held by third parties under certain of the Company’s financing and derivative transactions. Interest income earned on restricted cash and cash equivalents is recorded in other interest income.

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

The Company carries its residential mortgage-backed securities at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

 

Securities Available-for-Sale

 

The Company classifies its investments in securities as available-for-sale as the Company may sell them prior to maturity and does not hold them principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. These investments are carried at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices, when available, on estimates provided by independent pricing sources or dealers who make markets in such securities, or internal valuation models when external sources of fair value are not available. Upon the sale of a security, the realized net gain or loss is computed on a weighted-average cost basis. Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on the trade date.

 

The Company monitors its available-for-sale securities portfolio for impairments. A loss is recognized when it is determined that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary. The Company considers many factors in determining whether the impairment of a security is deemed to be other-than-temporary, including, but not limited to, the length of time the security has had a decline in estimated fair value below its amortized cost and the severity of the decline, the amount of the unrealized loss, recent events specific to the issuer or industry, external credit ratings and recent changes in such ratings. In addition, for debt securities, the Company considers its intent to sell the debt security, the Company’s estimation of whether or not it expects to recover the debt security’s entire amortized cost if it intends to hold the debt security, and whether it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. For equity securities, the Company also considers its intent and ability to hold the equity security for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in value.

 

10



 

The amount of the loss that is recognized when it is determined that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary is dependent on certain factors. If the security is an equity security or if the security is a debt security that the Company intends to sell or estimates that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell before recovery of its amortized cost, then the impairment amount recognized in earnings is the entire difference between the estimated fair value of the security and its amortized cost. For debt securities that the Company does not intend to sell or estimates that it is not more likely than not to be required to sell before recovery, the impairment is separated into the estimated amount relating to credit loss and the estimated amount relating to all other factors. Only the estimated credit loss amount is recognized in earnings, with the remainder of the loss amount recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).

 

During the second quarter of 2009, the Company adopted FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments (“FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2”), which amends the other-than-temporary impairment guidance for debt securities. The adoption of FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

Unamortized premiums and unaccreted discounts on securities available-for-sale are recognized in interest income over the contractual life, adjusted for actual prepayments, of the securities using the effective interest method.

 

Private Equity Investments

 

Private equity investments are accounted for under either the cost method or at fair value if the fair value option of accounting has been elected. The Company reviews its investments accounted for under the cost method on a quarterly basis for possible other-than-temporary impairment. The Company reduces the carrying value of the investment and recognizes a loss when the Company considers a decline in estimated fair value below the cost basis of the security to be other-than-temporary. Private equity investments recorded at cost are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Private equity investments carried at fair value are presented separately on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, with unrealized gains and losses reported in net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments.

 

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased consist of equity and debt securities that the Company has sold short. In order to facilitate a short sale, the Company borrows the securities from another party and delivers the securities to the buyer. The Company will be required to “cover” its short sale in the future through the purchase of the security in the market at the prevailing market price and deliver it to the counterparty from which it borrowed. The Company is exposed to a loss to the extent that the security price increases during the time from when the Company borrowed the security to when the Company purchases it in the market to cover the short sale.

 

Corporate Loans

 

The Company purchases participations and assignments in corporate loans in the primary and secondary market. Loans are held for investment and the Company initially records loans at their purchase prices. The Company subsequently accounts for loans based on their outstanding principal plus or minus unaccreted purchase discounts and unamortized purchase premiums. In certain instances, where the credit fundamentals underlying a particular loan have materially changed in such a manner that the Company’s expected return may decrease, the Company may elect to sell a loan held for investment. Interest income on loans includes interest at stated coupon rates adjusted for accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. Unamortized premiums and unaccreted discounts are recognized in interest income over the contractual life, adjusted for actual prepayments, of the loans using the effective interest method.

 

Residential Mortgage Loans

 

The Company carries its residential mortgage loans at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

 

Corporate Loans Held for Sale

 

Corporate loans held for sale consist of leveraged loans that the Company has determined to no longer hold for investment. Corporate loans held for sale are stated at lower of cost or estimated fair value.

 

11



 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The Company’s allowance for estimated loan losses represents its estimate of probable credit losses inherent in its corporate loan portfolio held for investment as of the balance sheet date. When determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, the Company considers historical and industry loss experience, economic conditions and trends, the estimated fair values of its loans, credit quality trends and other factors that it determines are relevant. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are charged to current period earnings through the provision for loan losses. The Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component. Amounts determined to be uncollectible are charged directly to the allowance for loan losses.

 

The allocated component of the Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of individual loans that are impaired and for which the estimated allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it believes it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due to it based on the contractual terms of the loan. An impaired loan may be left on accrual status during the period the Company is pursuing repayment of the loan; however, the loan is placed on non-accrual status at such time as: (i) management believes that scheduled debt service payments may not be paid when contractually due; (ii) the loan becomes 90 days delinquent; (iii) management determines the borrower is incapable of, or has ceased efforts toward, curing the cause of the impairment; or (iv) the net realizable value of the underlying collateral securing the loan decreases below the Company’s carrying value of such loan. While on non-accrual status, previously recognized accrued interest is reversed if it is determined that such amounts are not collectible and interest income is recognized only upon actual receipt.

 

The unallocated component of the Company’s allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies . This component of the allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of losses inherent, but unidentified, in its portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses is estimated based upon a review of the Company’s loan portfolio’s risk characteristics, risk grouping of loans in the portfolio based upon estimated probability of default and severity of loss based on loan type, and consideration of general economic conditions and trends.

 

Leasehold Improvements and Equipment

 

Leasehold improvements and equipment are carried at cost less depreciation and amortization and are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets of three years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or lease terms. Leasehold improvements and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, are included in other assets.

 

Borrowings

 

The Company finances the acquisition of its investments, including loans, residential mortgage-backed securities and securities available-for-sale, primarily through the use of secured borrowings in the form of securitization transactions structured as secured financings and other secured and unsecured borrowings. The Company recognizes interest expense on all borrowings on an accrual basis.

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Issued

 

The Company carries its residential mortgage-backed securities issued at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

 

Trust Preferred Securities

 

Trusts formed by the Company for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities are not consolidated by the Company in accordance with FIN 46R as the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of such trusts. The Company’s investment in the common securities of such trusts is included in other assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

12



 

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

The Company recognizes all derivatives on the condensed consolidated balance sheet at estimated fair value. On the date the Company enters into a derivative contract, the Company designates and documents each derivative contract as one of the following at the time the contract is executed: (i) a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value” hedge); (ii) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow” hedge); (iii) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation; or (iv) a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument (“free-standing derivative”). For a fair value hedge, the Company records changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative and, to the extent that it is effective, changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk, in the current period earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For a cash flow hedge, the Company records changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative to the extent that it is effective in other comprehensive (loss) income. The Company subsequently reclassifies these changes in estimated fair value to net income in the same period(s) that the hedged transaction affects earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For free-standing derivatives, the Company reports changes in the fair values in current period non-net investment income.

 

The Company formally documents at inception its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, its risk management objectives, strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and the Company’s evaluation of effectiveness of its hedged transactions. Periodically, as required by SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities , as amended and interpreted (“SFAS No. 133”), the Company also formally assesses whether the derivative it designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be and has been highly effective in offsetting changes in estimated fair values or cash flows of the hedged item using either the dollar offset or the regression analysis method. If the Company determines that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, it discontinues hedge accounting.

 

Foreign Currency

 

The Company makes investments in non-United States dollar denominated securities and loans. As a result, the Company is subject to the risk of fluctuation in the exchange rate between the United States dollar and the foreign currency in which it makes an investment. In order to reduce the currency risk, the Company may hedge the applicable foreign currency. All investments denominated in a foreign currency are converted to the United States dollar using prevailing exchange rates on the balance sheet date. Income, expenses, gains and losses on investments denominated in a foreign currency are converted to the United States dollar using the prevailing exchange rates on the dates when they are recorded. Foreign exchange gains and losses are recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Manager Compensation

 

The Management Agreement provides for the payment of a base management fee to the Manager, as well as an incentive fee if the Company’s financial performance exceeds certain benchmarks. Additionally, the Management Agreement provides for the Manager to be reimbursed for certain expenses incurred on the Company’s behalf. See Note 15 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for the specific terms of the computation and payment of the incentive fee. The base management fee and the incentive fee are accrued and expensed during the period for which they are earned by the Manager.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for share-based compensation issued to its directors and to the Manager using the fair value based methodology prescribed by SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”). Compensation cost related to restricted common shares issued to the Company’s directors is measured at its estimated fair value at the grant date, and is amortized and expensed over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. Compensation cost related to restricted common shares and common share options issued to the Manager is initially measured at estimated fair value at the grant date, and is remeasured on subsequent dates to the extent the awards are unvested. The Company has elected to use the graded vesting attribution method pursuant to SFAS No. 123(R) to amortize compensation expense for the restricted common shares and common share options granted to the Manager.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company intends to continue to operate in order to qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation, for United States federal income tax purposes. Therefore, the Company is not subject to United States federal income tax at the entity level, but is subject to limited state income taxes. Holders of the Company’s shares will be required to take into account their allocable share of each item of the Company’s income, gain, loss, deduction, and credit for the taxable year of the Company ending within or with their taxable year.

 

13



 

KKR TRS Holdings, Ltd. (“TRS Ltd.”), KKR Financial Holdings, Ltd. (“KFH Ltd.”), and KFN PEI VII, LLC (“PEI VII”) are taxable as corporations for United States federal income tax purposes and thus are not consolidated with the Company for United States federal income tax purposes. For financial reporting purposes, current and deferred taxes are provided for on the portion of earnings recognized by the Company with respect to its interest in PEI VII, a domestic taxable corporate subsidiary, because PEI VII is taxed as a regular corporation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed based on temporary differences between the GAAP consolidated financial statements and the United States federal income tax basis of assets and liabilities as of each consolidated balance sheet date. CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and CLO 2009-1 are foreign subsidiaries of the Company that elected to be treated as disregarded entities or partnerships for United States federal income tax purposes. These subsidiaries were established to facilitate securitization transactions, structured as secured financing transactions. TRS Ltd. and KFH Ltd. are foreign corporate subsidiaries that were formed to make certain foreign and domestic investments from time to time. TRS Ltd. and KFH Ltd. are organized as exempted companies incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and are generally exempt from United States federal and state income tax at the corporate entity level because they restrict their activities in the United States to trading in stock and securities for their own account. However, the Company will generally be required to include their current taxable income in the Company’s calculation of its taxable income allocable to shareholders.

 

Earnings Per Share

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share (“SFAS No. 128”), the Company presents both basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share in its condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto. Basic earnings (loss) per common share (“Basic EPS”) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted-average number of common shares, including vested restricted common shares, outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share (“Diluted EPS”) reflects the potential dilution of common share options and unvested restricted common shares using the treasury method, and the potential dilution of convertible senior notes using the if-converted method, if they are not anti-dilutive. See Note 3 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for earnings (loss) per common share computations.

 

A rights offering whose exercise price at issuance is less than the fair value of the stock is considered to have a bonus element, resulting in an adjustment of the prior period number of shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share. As a result of the $270.0 million common share rights offering that occurred during the third quarter of 2007, prior period weighted-average number of shares and earnings per share outstanding have been adjusted to reflect the issuance at less than fair value.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In January 2009, the FASB issued FSP Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-20-1, Amendments to the Impairment Guidance of EITF Issue No. 99-20 (“FSP EITF 99-20-1”). FSP EITF 99-20-1 eliminates the requirement that a holder’s best estimate of cash flows be based upon those that “a market participant” would use. Instead, it requires that an other-than-temporary impairment be recognized as a realized loss when it is “probable” there has been an adverse change in the holder’s estimated cash flows from the cash flows previously projected. FSP EITF 99-20-1 also reiterates and emphasizes the related guidance and disclosure requirements in accordance with SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. FSP EITF 99-20-1 is effective for all periods ending after December 15, 2008 and retroactive application is not permitted. The Company has taken this FSP into consideration when evaluating its investments for other-than-temporary impairment.

 

On June 12, 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (“SFAS No. 140”) (collectively “SFAS No. 166”). The most significant amendments that SFAS No. 166 makes consist of the removal of the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity (“QSPE”) from SFAS No. 140, and the elimination of the exception for QSPE from the consolidation guidance of FIN 46R. The disclosures required by this standard are to provide greater transparency about transfers of financial assets and an entity’s continuing involvement in transferred financial assets. SFAS No. 166 will significantly affect existing securitizations that use QSPEs, as well as future securitizations. SFAS No. 166 is effective January 1, 2010 for calendar-year reporting entities and earlier application is prohibited. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS No. 166.

 

Also on June 12, 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, Amendment to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R) (“SFAS No. 167”) which addresses the effects of elimination of the QSPE concept from SFAS No. 140 and responds to concerns about the application of certain key provisions of FIN 46R including concerns over the transparency of enterprises’ involvement with VIEs. SFAS No. 167 requires additional disclosures for various areas including situations that use significant judgment and assumptions in determining whether or not to consolidate a VIE as well as the nature of and changes in the risks associated with a VIE. This standard is effective for calendar year-end companies beginning on January 1, 2010. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS No. 167.

 

14



 

On June 29, 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles—a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162 (“SFAS No. 168”). The FASB Accounting Standards Codification (Codification) will become the single official source of authoritative GAAP. The current GAAP hierarchy consists of four levels of authoritative accounting and reporting guidance (levels A through D), including original pronouncements of the FASB, FASB FSPs, EITF abstracts, and other accounting literature (“pre-Codification GAAP” or “current GAAP”). The Codification eliminates this hierarchy and replaces current GAAP (other than rules and interpretive releases of the SEC) with just two levels of literature: authoritative and nonauthoritative. The Codification will be effective for interim and annual periods ending on or after September 15, 2009. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 168 will have a material impact on its financial statements.

 

Note 3. Earnings per Share

 

The Company calculates basic net income per common share by dividing net income for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of its common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares plus potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares include the assumed exercise of outstanding common share options and assumed vesting of outstanding restricted common shares using the treasury stock method, as well as the assumed conversion of convertible senior notes using the if-converted method, if they are not anti-dilutive.

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per common share, as well as the distributions declared per common share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands, except per share information):

 

 

 

Three months ended June 30,

 

Six months ended June 30,

 

 

 

2009(1)

 

2008(1)

 

2009(1)

 

2008(1)

 

Income from continuing operations

 

$

20,452

 

$

38,185

 

$

7,574

 

$

48,172

 

(Loss) income from discontinued operations

 

 

(1,079

)

 

2,668

 

Net income

 

$

20,452

 

$

37,106

 

$

7,574

 

$

50,840

 

Basic:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding

 

151,202

 

146,025

 

150,462

 

130,289

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.38

 

Income per share from discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

0.02

 

Net income per share

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.40

 

Diluted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding

 

151,202

 

146,025

 

150,462

 

130,289

 

Dilutive effect of restricted common shares using the treasury method

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (2)

 

151,202

 

146,025

 

150,462

 

130,289

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.37

 

Income per share from discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

0.02

 

Net income per share

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.39

 

Distributions declared per common share

 

$

 

$

0.40

 

$

 

$

0.90

 

 


(1)                                   Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions are Participating Securities (“FSP No. EITF 03-6-1”). According to this FSP, unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method.  No dividend was declared on common shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Prior periods have been adjusted in accordance with FSP No. EITF 03-6-1.

 

(2)                                   Potential anti-dilutive common shares excluded from diluted income earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 were 9,293,240 and 9,347,934, respectively, related to convertible debt securities and 1,932,279 related to common share options.  Potential anti-dilutive common shares excluded from diluted income earnings per share for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were 9,667,430 related to convertible debt securities and 1,932,279 related to common share options.

 

15



 

Note 4. Private Equity Investments

 

As of June 30, 2009, the Company had private equity investments carried at cost of $17.5 million and two private equity investments carried at estimated fair value of $54.0 million. As of December 31, 2008, the Company had private equity investments at cost of $17.5 million and private equity investments at estimated fair value of $5.3 million. During the second quarter of 2009, the Company’s term loan investments related to one issuer were modified and exchanged for equity in a transaction which qualified as a troubled debt restructuring. This transaction resulted in a charge-off to the allowance for loan loss of $41.4 million (see Note 6 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion). At the time of restructuring, the Company elected to carry this investment at estimated fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 159, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company had $41.8 million and $5.3 million of private equity investments carried at fair value, respectively, pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates.

 

For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company had net realized and unrealized gains of $0.3 million on private equity investments carried at estimated fair value. There was no net realized and unrealized gain or loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.

 

Note 5. Securities Available-for-Sale

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s securities classified as available-for-sale as of June 30, 2009, which are carried at estimated fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

Description

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

606,568

 

$

66,783

 

$

(69,372

)

$

603,979

 

Common and preferred stock

 

732

 

205

 

 

937

 

Total

 

$

607,300

 

$

66,988

 

$

(69,372

)

$

604,916

 

 

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale securities, aggregated by length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of June 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Less Than 12 months

 

12 Months or More

 

Total

 

Description

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

82,358

 

$

(10,323

)

$

273,304

 

$

(59,049

)

$

355,662

 

$

(69,372

)

 

The unrealized losses in the table above are considered to be temporary impairments due to market factors and are not reflective of credit deterioration.  The Company considers many factors when evaluating whether an impairment is other-than-temporary. For corporate debt securities included in the table above, the Company does not intend to sell them and does not believe that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any of its corporate debt securities prior to recovery. In addition, based on the analyses performed by the Company on each of its corporate debt securities, it believes that it will be able to recover the entire amortized cost amount of the corporate debt securities included in the table above.

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company recognized a loss totaling $6.2 million and $40.0 million, respectively, for corporate debt securities that it determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired based on the criteria above. The Company intends to sell these securities and as a result the entire amount is recorded through earnings in net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company held one corporate debt security that was in default with a total fair value of $3.7 million and $3.2 million, respectively. This corporate debt security was determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

 

16



 

The following table summarizes the Company’s securities classified as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2008, which are carried at estimated fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

Description

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

742,474

 

$

3,676

 

$

(192,709

)

$

553,441

 

Common and preferred stock

 

3,126

 

 

(602

)

2,524

 

Total

 

$

745,600

 

$

3,676

 

$

(193,311

)

$

555,965

 

 

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale securities, aggregated by length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Less Than 12 months

 

12 Months or More

 

Total

 

Description

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Corporate securities

 

$

396,279

 

$

(119,849

)

$

121,080

 

$

(72,860

)

$

517,359

 

$

(192,709

)

Common and preferred stock

 

2,499

 

(256

)

25

 

(346

)

2,524

 

(602

)

Total

 

$

398,778

 

$

(120,105

)

$

121,105

 

$

(73,206

)

$

519,883

 

$

(193,311

)

 

As of December 31, 2008, the Company recognized a loss totaling $460.4 million for securities that it determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired, which are excluded from the table above. These securities were determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired either due to management’s determination that recovery in value is no longer likely or because the Company has decided to sell the respective security in response to specific credit concerns regarding the issuer. The charges relating to the impairment of these securities were recognized in net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company had gross realized gains from the sales of securities available-for-sale of $9.0 million and $10.0 million, respectively, and gross realized losses from the sales of securities available-for-sale of $1.6 million and $7.4 million, respectively. During the three months and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company had gross realized gains from the sale of securities available-for-sale of $2.4 million and $4.6 million, respectively, and gross realized losses from the sales of securities available-for-sale of $3.4 million and $14.7 million, respectively.

 

Note 10 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describe the Company’s borrowings under which the Company has pledged securities available-for-sale for borrowings. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale pledged as collateral under secured financing transactions as of June 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Corporate
Securities

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

$

66,509

 

Pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates

 

537,470

 

Total

 

$

603,979

 

 

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale pledged as collateral under secured financing transactions as of December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Corporate
Securities

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

$

93,764

 

Pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates

 

459,677

 

Total

 

$

553,441

 

 

17



 

Note 6. Corporate Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s corporate loans as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Principal

 

Unamortized
Discount

 

Lower of Cost
or Fair Value
Adjustment

 

Net
Carrying
Value

 

Principal

 

Unamortized
Discount

 

Lower of Cost
or Fair Value
Adjustment

 

Net
Carrying
Value

 

Corporate loans(1)

 

$

7,533,302

 

$

(413,660

)

$

 

$

7,119,642

 

$

7,983,449

 

$

(255,877

)

$

 

$

7,727,572

 

Corporate loans held for sale

 

210,173

 

(4,065

)

(37,561

)

168,547

 

472,669

 

(10,751

)

(137,269

)

324,649

 

Total corporate loans

 

$

7,743,475

 

$

(417,725

)

$

(37,561

)

$

7,288,189

 

$

8,456,118

 

$

(266,628

)

$

(137,269

)

$

8,052,221

 

 


(1)                                   Excludes allowance for loan losses of $473.2 million and $480.8 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the Company’s corporate loan portfolio during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Balance at beginning of period

 

$

507,762

 

$

25,000

 

$

480,775

 

$

25,000

 

Provision for loan losses

 

12,808

 

10,000

 

39,795

 

10,000

 

Charge-offs

 

(47,368

)

 

(47,368

)

 

Balance at end of period

 

$

473,202

 

$

35,000

 

$

473,202

 

$

35,000

 

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company had an allowance for loan loss of $473.2 million and $480.8 million, respectively. As described in Note 2 to these condensed consolidated financial statements, the allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in its loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component. The allocated component of the allowance for loan losses consists of individual loans that are impaired. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of losses inherent, but not identified, in its portfolio as of the balance sheet date.

 

As of June 30, 2009, the allocated component of the allowance for loan losses totaled $428.8 million and relates to investments in loans issued by eleven issuers with an aggregate par amount of $891.9 million and an aggregate amortized cost amount of $701.6 million. As of December 31, 2008, the allocated component of the allowance for loan losses totaled $320.6 million and relates to investments in loans issued by eleven issuers with an aggregate par amount of $828.2 million and an aggregate amortized cost amount of $715.4 million. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses totaled $44.4 million and $160.2 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The Company recorded charge-offs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 totaling $47.4 million. Of these, $6.0 million related to a loan sold during the quarter, while $41.4 million related to a loan exchanged for equity and which qualified as a troubled debt restructuring (see Note 4 to these condensed consolidated financial statements for further details). There were no charge-offs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.

 

Loans placed on non-accrual status may or may not be contractually past due at the time of such determination. When placed on non-accrual status, previously recognized accrued interest is reversed and charged against current income. While on non-accrual status, interest income is recognized using the cost-recovery method, cash-basis method or some combination of the two methods. A loan is placed back on accrual status when the ultimate collectability of the principal and interest is not in doubt.

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Company had $704.3 million and $358.0 million of loans on non-accrual status, respectively.  The average recorded investment in the impaired loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 was $738.2 million and $531.3 million, respectively, and during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 average recorded investment in the impaired loans was nil. The amount of interest income recognized using the cash-basis method during the time within the period that the loans were impaired was $4.7 million and $6.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, and nil for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.

 

As of June 30, 2009, the Company held loans that were in default with a total amortized cost of $727.3 million from nine issuers. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company held investments that were in default with a total amortized cost of $312.7 million from three issuers. The majority of corporate loans in default during 2009 and 2008 were included in the investments for which the allocated component of the Company’s allowance for losses was related to as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

18



 

Note 10 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describes the Company’s borrowings under which the Company has pledged loans for borrowings. The following table summarizes the carrying value of corporate loans pledged as collateral under secured financing transactions as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

$

206,520

 

$

182,899

 

Pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates

 

7,029,519

 

7,816,154

 

Total

 

$

7,236,039

 

$

7,999,053

 

 

Note 7. Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) totaled $76.6 million and $102.8 million, respectively.

 

Note 10 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describes the Company’s borrowings under which the Company has pledged RMBS. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of RMBS pledged as collateral under secured financing transactions as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

$

70,779

 

$

96,651

 

Pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates

 

5,793

 

6,163

 

Total

 

$

76,572

 

$

102,814

 

 

Note 8. Residential Mortgage Loans

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s residential mortgage loans as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

Residential mortgage loans, at estimated fair value(1)

 

$

2,218,319

 

$

2,620,021

 

 


(1)           Excludes REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans of $9.8 million and $10.8 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Loans are transferred to REO at the lower of cost or fair value. REO is recorded within other assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Note 10 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describes the Company’s borrowings under which the Company has pledged residential mortgage loans. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of residential mortgage loans pledged as collateral for a secured revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

$

147,542

 

$

167,933

 

Pledged as collateral for residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

2,070,777

 

2,452,088

 

 

 

$

2,218,319

 

$

2,620,021

 

 

The following is a reconciliation of carrying amounts of residential mortgage loans for the periods ended June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

Beginning balance

 

$

2,620,021

 

$

3,921,323

 

Principal payments

 

(274,102

)

(666,900

)

Transfers out of (in to) REO

 

978

 

(3,594

)

Net unrealized loss/unamortized premium

 

(128,578

)

(630,808

)

Ending balance

 

$

2,218,319

 

$

2,620,021

 

 

19



 

As of June 30, 2009, twenty-five of the residential mortgage loans owned by the Company with an outstanding balance of $9.8 million (not included in the table above) were REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans. As of December 31, 2008, thirty-three of the residential mortgage loans owned by the Company with an outstanding balance of $10.8 million (not included in the table above) were REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans.

 

The following table summarizes the delinquency statistics of the residential mortgage loans, excluding REOs, as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

Delinquency Status

 

Number
of Loans

 

Principal
Amount

 

Number
of Loans

 

Principal
Amount

 

30 to 59 days

 

71

 

$

26,766

 

93

 

$

37,282

 

60 to 89 days

 

36

 

15,692

 

41

 

15,654

 

90 days or more

 

116

 

44,770

 

76

 

29,803

 

In foreclosure

 

120

 

48,519

 

67

 

22,841

 

Total

 

343

 

$

135,747

 

277

 

$

105,580

 

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the loss exposure or uncollected principal amount related to the Company’s delinquent residential mortgage loans in the table above exceeded their fair value by $15.4 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

 

Note 9. Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Issued

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued (“RMBS Issued”) consists of the senior tranches of six residential mortgage loan securitization trusts that the Company consolidates under GAAP (see Note 2 to these condensed consolidated financial statements) and for which the Company reports the debt issued by these trusts that it does not hold on its condensed consolidated balance sheets. The following table summarizes the Company’s RMBS Issued as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

Description

 

Outstanding

 

Estimated
Fair
Value

 

Outstanding

 

Estimated
Fair
Value

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

$

2,885,736

 

$

2,080,592

 

$

3,154,974

 

$

2,462,882

 

 

The Company carries RMBS Issued at estimated fair value with changes in estimated fair value reflected in net income. As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the weighted average coupon of the RMBS Issued was 2.9% and 3.4%, respectively, and the weighted average years to maturity were 26.3 years and 26.8 years as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

Note 10. Borrowings

 

Certain information with respect to the Company’s borrowings as of June 30, 2009 is summarized in the following table (dollar amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Outstanding
Borrowings

 

Weighted
Average
Borrowing
Rate

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Maturity
(in days)

 

Fair Value of
Collateral(1)

 

Secured revolving credit facility(2)

 

$

256,597

 

3.31

%

133

 

$

386,211

 

CLO 2005-1 senior secured notes

 

832,324

 

1.41

 

2,857

 

795,909

 

CLO 2005-2 senior secured notes

 

800,095

 

0.98

 

3,071

 

794,928

 

CLO 2006-1 senior secured notes

 

684,270

 

1.03

 

3,343

 

767,535

 

CLO 2007-1 senior secured notes

 

2,241,618

 

1.42

 

4,337

 

1,964,280

 

CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates(3)

 

444,438

 

 

4,337

 

388,022

 

CLO 2007-A senior secured notes

 

1,191,245

 

2.00

 

3,029

 

1,084,347

 

CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates(4)

 

97,675

 

 

3,029

 

88,910

 

CLO 2009-1 senior secured notes

 

44,354

 

4.56

 

2,855

 

109,951

 

CLO 2009-1 junior secured notes to affiliates (5)

 

90,429

 

 

2,855

 

224,168

 

Convertible senior notes

 

275,800

 

7.00

 

1,111

 

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

288,671

 

5.72

 

9,937

 

 

Total

 

$

7,247,516

 

 

 

 

 

$

6,604,261

 

 


(1)                                   Collateral for borrowings consists of RMBS, securities available-for-sale, private equity investments and corporate and residential mortgage loans.

 

(2)                                   Calculated weighted average remaining maturity based on the maturity date of November 10, 2009 as $150.0 million of the senior secured revolving credit facility matures in November 2009 with the remaining maturity in November 2010.

 

20



 

(3)            CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates consist of (x) $257.8 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted average borrowing rate of 5.81% and (y) $186.6 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-1.

 

(4)            CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates consist of (x) $82.6 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted average borrowing rate of 7.30% and (y) $15.1 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-A.

 

(5)            CLO 2009-1 junior secured notes do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2009-1.

 

On March 31, 2009, the Company completed the restructuring of Wayzata Funding LLC (“ Wayzata”), its market value CLO transaction. As a result of the restructuring, substantially all of Wayzata’s assets were transferred to CLO 2009-1, a newly formed special purpose company, which issued $560.8 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes due April 2017 and $154.3 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due April 2017 to the existing Wayzata note holders in exchange for cancellation of the Wayzata notes, due November 2012, previously held by each of them. CLO 2009-1 was structured as a cash flow transaction and does not contain the market value provisions contained in Wayzata. The portfolio manager of the CLO is an affiliate of the Manager. The notes issued by CLO 2009-1 are secured by the same collateral that secured the Wayzata facility, consisting primarily of senior secured leveraged loans. As was the case with Wayzata, the Company and an affiliate of the Manager currently own all of the subordinated notes issued by the CLO. The subordinated notes entitle the Company to receive a pro rata portion of all excess cash flows from the portfolio after all senior obligations of CLO 2009-1 have been paid in full or otherwise satisfied, including all outstanding principal of the senior notes and interest thereon accruing at a rate of 3-month LIBOR plus 4.25%.

 

The restructuring of Wayzata and the formation of CLO 2009-1 outlined above qualified as a troubled debt restructuring under SFAS No. 15, Accounting by Debtors and Creditors for Troubled Debt Restructuring . Prior to the restructuring on March 31, 2009, an affiliate of the Manager held an aggregate par amount of $125.0 million of subordinated notes issued by Wayzata (the “Wayzata Subordinated Notes”). In connection with the restructuring, the Wayzata Subordinated Notes were exchanged for $30.9 million par amount of junior notes issued by CLO 2009-1 (the “CLO 2009-1 Junior Notes”). In accordance with GAAP, the portion of the CLO 2009-1 Junior Notes held by the affiliate of the Manager are carried at $90.4 million which represents the total future cash payments that the affiliate of the Manager may receive from the CLO 2009-1 Junior Notes. The exchange by the affiliate of the Manager of Wayzata Subordinated Notes for CLO 2009-1 Junior Notes is treated under SFAS No. 15 as a modification of terms of the Wayzata Subordinated Notes. Accordingly, the Company has recognized a gain on debt restructuring totaling $34.6 million, or $0.23 per diluted common share, which reflects the difference between the Company’s carrying amount of interest in the Wayzata Subordinated Notes held by the affiliate of the Manager, or $125.0 million, and the carrying value of the portion of the CLO 2009-1 Junior Notes held by the same affiliate of the Manager, or $90.4 million. The Wayzata Subordinated Notes and CLO 2009-1 Junior Notes are included in collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

 

On May 9, 2008, the FASB issued FSP APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (including Partial Cash Settlement) (“FSP APB 14-1”). FSP APB 14-1 clarifies the accounting for convertible debt instruments which may be settled in cash, and in particular specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. The Company has assessed this FSP in relation to its convertible senior notes and determined that it does not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements for the periods presented.

 

21



 

During June 2009, the Company completed two transactions to exchange a total of $15.7 million par value of convertible notes for 7.2 million of the Company’s common shares.  These transactions resulted in the Company recording a gain of $6.9 million, or approximately $0.05 per diluted common share, which was partially offset by a write-off of $0.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.4 million of other associated costs.

 

The indentures governing the Company’s CLO transactions include numerous compliance tests, the majority of which relate to the CLO’s portfolio profile. In the event that a portfolio profile test is not met, the indenture places restrictions on the ability of the CLO’s manager to reinvest available principal proceeds generated by the collateral in the CLOs until the specific test has been cured. In addition to the portfolio profile tests, the indentures for the CLO transactions include over-collateralization tests (“OC Tests”) which set the ratio of the collateral value of the assets in the CLO to the tranches of debt for which the test is being measured, as well as interest coverage tests. If a CLO is not in compliance with an OC Test or an interest coverage test, cash flows normally payable to the holders of junior classes of notes will be used by the CLO to amortize the most senior class of notes until such point as the OC test is brought back into compliance. Due to the failure of OC Tests during the second quarter of 2009, CLO 2006-1 senior secured notes were paid down by $23.2 million, CLO 2007-1 senior secured notes were paid down by $40.7 million and CLO 2007-A senior secured notes were paid down by $12.9 million. For the first half of 2009, CLO 2005-2 senior secured notes were paid down by $9.0 million, CLO 2006-1 senior secured notes were paid down by $32.1 million, CLO 2007-1 senior secured notes were paid down by $81.3 million and CLO 2007-A senior secured notes were paid down by $22.7 million.

 

Due to the failure of OC Tests during 2008, CLO 2006-1 senior secured notes were paid down by $12.1 million and CLO 2007-1 senior secured notes were paid down by $53.6 million.

 

During the three months ended June 30, 2009, the proceeds from the sale of certain assets were used to pay down $516.4 million of CLO 2009-1 senior secured notes.

 

Certain information with respect to the Company’s borrowings as of December 31, 2008 is summarized in the following table (dollar amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Outstanding
Borrowings

 

Weighted
Average
Borrowing
Rate

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Maturity
(in days)

 

Fair Value of
Collateral(1)

 

Secured revolving credit facility

 

$

275,633

 

3.44

%

699

 

$

441,812

 

CLO 2005-1 senior secured notes

 

832,025

 

3.84

 

3,038

 

631,937

 

CLO 2005-2 senior secured notes

 

808,701

 

2.48

 

3,252

 

647,092

 

CLO 2006-1 senior secured notes

 

715,394

 

2.52

 

3,524

 

623,003

 

CLO 2007-1 senior secured notes

 

2,318,191

 

2.68

 

4,518

 

1,511,707

 

CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates(2)

 

436,185

 

 

4,518

 

277,357

 

CLO 2007-A senior secured notes

 

1,213,300

 

5.62

 

3,210

 

867,666

 

CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates(3)

 

94,128

 

 

3,210

 

67,314

 

Wayzata senior secured notes

 

1,600,000

 

2.95

 

1,415

 

766,024

 

Convertible senior notes

 

291,500

 

7.00

 

1,292

 

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

288,671

 

6.84

 

10,118

 

 

Subordinated notes to affiliates(4)

 

125,000

 

 

1,415

 

59,846

 

Total

 

$

8,998,728

 

 

 

 

 

$

5,893,758

 

 


(1)

 

Collateral for borrowings consists of RMBS, securities available-for-sale, and corporate and residential mortgage loans.

 

 

 

(2)

 

CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates consist of (x) $249.6 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted average borrowing rate of 7.03% and (y) $186.6 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-1.

 

 

 

(3)

 

CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates consist of (x) $79.0 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted average borrowing rate of 10.90% and (y) $15.1 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-A.

 

 

 

(4)

 

Subordinated notes do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from Wayzata. Note that the $125.0 million outstanding is included in collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

22



 

GRAPHIC Note 11. Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased consist of equity and debt securities that the Company has sold short. As of June 30, 2009, the Company had securities sold, not yet purchased with an amortized cost of $75.3 million and an accumulated net unrealized loss of $2.3 million. As of December 31, 2008, the Company had securities sold, not yet purchased with an amortized cost basis of $97.3 million and an accumulated net unrealized gain of $6.5 million.

 

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company had net realized and unrealized gains on short security sales of $2.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively, compared to net realized and unrealized gains on short security sales of $1.7 million and $8.7 million, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.

 

Note 12. Derivative Financial Instruments

 

The Company enters into derivative transactions in order to hedge its interest rate risk exposure to the effects of interest rate changes. Additionally, the Company enters into derivative transactions in the course of its investing. The counterparties to the Company’s derivative agreements are major financial institutions with which the Company and its affiliates may also have other financial relationships. In the event of nonperformance by the counterparties, the Company is potentially exposed to losses. The counterparties to the Company’s derivative agreements have investment grade ratings and, as a result, the Company does not anticipate that any of the counterparties will fail to fulfill their obligations.

 

Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedges

 

The Company uses interest rate derivatives consisting of swaps to hedge a portion of the interest rate risk associated with its borrowings under CLO senior secured notes. The Company designates these financial instruments as cash flow hedges. The Company also uses interest rate swaps to hedge all or a portion of the interest rate risk associated with certain fixed interest rate investments. The Company designates these financial instruments as fair value hedges.

 

Free-Standing Derivatives

 

Free-standing derivatives are derivatives that the Company has entered into in conjunction with its investment and risk management activities, but for which the Company has not designated the derivative contract as a hedging instrument for accounting purposes. Such derivative contracts may include credit default swaps, foreign exchange contracts, and interest rate derivatives. Free-standing derivatives also include investment financing arrangements (total rate of return swaps) whereby the Company receives the sum of all interest, fees and any positive change in fair value amounts from a reference asset with a specified notional amount and pays interest on such notional amount plus any negative change in fair value amounts from such reference asset.

 

The table below summarizes the aggregate notional amount and estimated net fair value of the derivative instruments as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2009

 

As of December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Cash Flow Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

$

383,333

 

$

(46,313

)

$

383,333

 

$

(77,668

)

Fair Value Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

32,000

 

(2,654

)

32,000

 

(2,915

)

Free-Standing Derivatives:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

115,434

 

1,072

 

106,074

 

274

 

Credit default swaps—long

 

51,000

 

(4,292

)

53,500

 

(9,782

)

Credit default swaps—short

 

 

 

222,650

 

69,972

 

Total rate of return swaps

 

136,132

 

5,015

 

207,524

 

(77,224

)

Total

 

$

717,899

 

$

(47,172

)

$

1,005,081

 

$

(97,343

)

 

23



 

For all hedges where hedge accounting is being applied, effectiveness testing and other procedures to ensure the ongoing validity of the hedges are performed at least monthly. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized an immaterial amount of ineffectiveness in income on the condensed consolidated statements of operations from its cash flow and fair value hedges.

 

Note 13. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

 

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities

 

$

(4,839

)

$

(192,435

)

Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges

 

(44,356

)

(76,347

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

$

(49,195

)

$

(268,782

)

 

The components of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Three months
ended
June 30, 2009

 

Three months
ended
June 30, 2008

 

Six months
ended
June 30, 2009

 

Six months
ended
June 30, 2008

 

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period

 

$

136,724

 

$

18,131

 

$

165,670

 

$

(65,977

)

Reclassification adjustments for losses realized in net income

 

17,065

 

10,648

 

21,926

 

19,797

 

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale

 

153,789

 

28,779

 

187,596

 

(46,180

)

Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges

 

22,944

 

19,076

 

31,991

 

839

 

Other comprehensive income (loss)

 

$

176,733

 

$

47,855

 

$

219,587

 

$

(45,341

)

 

Note 14. Share Options and Restricted Shares

 

On May 4, 2007, the Company adopted an amended and restated share incentive plan (the “2007 Share Incentive Plan”) that provides for the grant of qualified incentive common share options that meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, non-qualified common share options, share appreciation rights, restricted common shares and other share-based awards. The Compensation Committee of the board of directors administers the plan. Share options and other share-based awards may be granted to the Manager, directors, officers and any key employees of the Manager and to any other individual or entity performing services for the Company.

 

The exercise price for any share option granted under the 2007 Share Incentive Plan may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the common shares at the time the common share option is granted. Each option to acquire a common share must terminate no more than ten years from the date it is granted. As of June 30, 2009, the 2007 Share Incentive Plan authorizes a total of 8,464,625 shares that may be used to satisfy awards under the 2007 Share Incentive Plan. On February 19, 2008, the Compensation Committee of the board of directors granted the Manager 1,097,000 restricted common shares that vest on February 19, 2011. On July 2, 2008, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors granted 38,349 restricted common shares to the Company’s directors pursuant to the 2007 Share Incentive Plan.

 

The following table summarizes restricted common share transactions:

 

 

 

Manager

 

Directors

 

Total

 

Unvested shares as of January 1, 2009

 

1,097,000

 

66,282

 

1,163,282

 

Issued

 

 

 

 

Vested

 

 

 

 

Cancelled

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

 

 

Unvested shares as of June 30, 2009

 

1,097,000

 

66,282

 

1,163,282

 

 

Pursuant to SFAS No. 123(R), the Company is required to value any unvested restricted common shares granted to the Manager at the current market price. The Company valued the unvested restricted common shares granted to the Manager at $0.93 and $10.50 per share at June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008, respectively. There were $0.8 million and $10.6 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested restricted common shares granted as of June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. These costs are expected to be recognized over three years from the date of grant.

 

24



 

The following table summarizes common share option transactions:

 

 

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price

 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2009

 

1,932,279

 

$

20.00

 

Granted

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

 

Outstanding as of June 30, 2009

 

1,932,279

 

$

20.00

 

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, 1,932,279 common share options were exercisable. As of June 30, 2009, the common share options were fully vested and expire in August 2014. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the components of share-based compensation expense are as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Restricted shares granted to Manager

 

$

105

 

$

196

 

$

(35

)

$

658

 

Restricted shares granted to certain directors

 

139

 

177

 

276

 

355

 

Total share-based compensation expense

 

$

244

 

$

373

 

$

241

 

$

1,013

 

 

Note 15. Management Agreement and Related Party Transactions

 

The Manager manages the Company’s day-to-day operations, subject to the direction and oversight of the Company’s board of directors. The Management Agreement expires on December 31 of each year, but is automatically renewed for a one-year term each December 31 unless terminated upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the Company’s independent directors, or by a vote of the holders of a majority of the Company’s outstanding common shares, based upon (1) unsatisfactory performance by the Manager that is materially detrimental to the Company or (2) a determination that the management fee payable by the Manager is not fair, subject to the Manager’s right to prevent such a termination under this clause (2) by accepting a mutually acceptable reduction of management fees. The Manager must be provided 180 days prior notice of any such termination and will be paid a termination fee equal to four times the sum of the average annual base management fee and the average annual incentive fee for the two 12-month periods immediately preceding the date of termination, calculated as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter prior to the date of termination.

 

The Management Agreement contains certain provisions requiring the Company to indemnify the Manager with respect to all losses or damages arising from acts not constituting bad faith, willful misconduct, or gross negligence. The Company has evaluated the impact of these guarantees on its condensed consolidated financial statements and determined that they are not material.

 

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company incurred $3.7 million and $7.3 million, respectively, in base management fees. In addition, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to common share options and restricted common shares granted to the Manager of $0.1 million and nil, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 (see Note 14 to these condensed consolidated financial statements ). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company incurred $8.9 million and $16.4 million, respectively, in base management fees. In addition, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to common share options and restricted common shares granted to the Manager of $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 (see Note 14 to these condensed consolidated financial statements ). Effective January 1, 2009 , the Manager has agreed to defer 50% of the monthly base management fee payable by the Company for the period from January 1, 2009 through November 30, 2009. The aggregate amount of fees otherwise payable during the deferral period will be payable to the Manager upon the earlier of (x) December 15, 2009 and (y) the date of any termination of the Management Agreement pursuant to either Section 13(a) or Section 15(b) thereof.  As of June 30, 2009, the Company had $4.2 million base management fee payable to the Manager. Base management fees incurred and share-based compensation expense relating to common share options and restricted common shares granted to the Manager are included in related party management compensation on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Expenses incurred by the Manager and reimbursed by the Company are reflected in the respective condensed consolidated statements of operations, non-investment expense category based on the nature of the expense.

 

The Manager is waiving base management fees related to the $230.4 million common share offering and $270.0 million common share rights offering that occurred during the third quarter of 2007 until such time as the Company’s common share closing price on the NYSE is $20.00 or more for five consecutive trading days. Accordingly, the Manager permanently waived approximately $2.2 million of base management fees during each of the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, and $4.4 million during each of the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.

 

No incentive fees were earned or paid to the Manager during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.

 

25



 

An affiliate of the Manager has entered into separate management agreements with the respective investment vehicles for CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and CLO 2009-1 and is entitled to receive fees for the services performed as collateral manager.  Previously, the collateral manager had waived the fees it earned for providing management services for the Company’s CLOs. Beginning April 15, 2007, the collateral manager ceased waiving fees for CLO 2005-1 and beginning January 1, 2009, the collateral manager ceased waiving fees for CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and Wayzata. In addition, beginning January 1, 2009, the Manager permanently waived reimbursable general and administrative expenses allocable to the Company in an amount equal to the incremental CLO fees received by the Manager. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Manager permanently waived reimbursement of $3.0 million and $5.3 million, respectively, in allocable general and administrative expenses. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company reimbursed the Manager $2.6 million and $5.1 million, respectively, for allocable general, administrative and other expenses.

 

The Company has invested in corporate loans, debt securities and other investments of entities that are affiliates of KKR. As of June 30, 2009, the aggregate par amount of these affiliated investments totaled $3.1 billion, or approximately 35% of the total investment portfolio, and consisted of 23 issuers. The total $3.1 billion in investments were comprised of $2.4 billion of corporate loans, $543.0 million of securities available-for-sale, $48.5 million of private equity investments carried at estimated fair value and $78.4 million notional amount of total rate of return swaps referenced to corporate loans issued by affiliates of KKR (included in derivative assets and liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet). As of December 31, 2008, the aggregate par amount of these affiliated investments totaled $3.3 billion, or approximately 35% of the total investment portfolio, and consisted of 23 issuers. The total $3.3 billion in investments were comprised of $2.6 billion of corporate loans, $587.3 million of corporate debt securities available for sale, and $92.4 million notional amount of total rate of return swaps referenced to corporate loans issued by affiliates of KKR (included in derivative assets and liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet).

 

Note 16. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

In the second quarter of 2009, the Company adopted FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments which amends SFAS No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments , to require disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim reporting periods as well as in annual financial statements. The fair value of instruments including securities available-for-sale, loans, derivatives, and loan commitments is based on quoted market prices or estimates provided by independent pricing sources. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, interest payable, secured revolving credit facility and interest payable, approximates cost as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

 

The table below discloses the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Carrying
Amount

 

Estimated Fair
Value

 

Financial Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash, restricted cash, and cash equivalents

 

$

403,297

 

$

403,297

 

Securities available-for-sale

 

604,916

 

604,916

 

Corporate loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $473,202

 

6,646,440

 

5,612,235

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

76,572

 

76,572

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

2,218,319

 

2,218,319

 

Corporate loans held for sale

 

168,547

 

168,547

 

Private equity investments, at estimated fair value

 

54,016

 

54,016

 

Reverse repurchase agreements

 

80,344

 

80,344

 

Interest and principal receivable

 

83,395

 

83,395

 

Derivative assets

 

11,562

 

11,562

 

Private equity investments, at cost

 

17,505

 

14,809

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

$

5,793,906

 

$

3,934,691

 

Collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates

 

632,542

 

237,648

 

Secured revolving credit facility

 

256,597

 

256,597

 

Convertible senior notes

 

275,800

 

137,900

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

288,671

 

114,000

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

2,080,592

 

2,080,592

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

37,694

 

37,694

 

Accrued interest payable

 

34,602

 

34,602

 

Accrued interest payable to affiliates

 

3,245

 

3,245

 

Related party payable

 

5,960

 

5,960

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

77,637

 

77,637

 

Derivative liabilities

 

58,734

 

58,734

 

 

26



 

The table below discloses the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Carrying
Amount

 

Estimated Fair
Value

 

Financial Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash, restricted cash, and cash equivalents

 

$

1,275,015

 

$

1,275,015

 

Securities available-for-sale

 

555,965

 

555,965

 

Corporate loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $480,775

 

7,246,797

 

4,772,934

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

102,814

 

102,814

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

2,620,021

 

2,620,021

 

Corporate loans held for sale

 

324,649

 

324,649

 

Private equity investments, at estimated fair value

 

5,287

 

5,287

 

Reverse repurchase agreements

 

88,252

 

88,252

 

Interest and principal receivable

 

116,788

 

116,788

 

Derivative assets

 

73,869

 

73,869

 

Private equity investments, at cost

 

17,505

 

17,505

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

$

7,487,611

 

$

4,936,286

 

Collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates

 

655,313

 

194,589

 

Secured revolving credit facility

 

275,633

 

275,633

 

Convertible senior notes

 

291,500

 

84,000

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

288,671

 

51,300

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

2,462,882

 

2,462,882

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

60,124

 

60,124

 

Accrued interest payable

 

61,119

 

61,119

 

Accrued interest payable to affiliates

 

3,987

 

3,987

 

Related party payable

 

2,876

 

2,876

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

90,809

 

90,809

 

Derivative liabilities

 

171,212

 

171,212

 

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities (including derivatives that are presented net) measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2009, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Balance as of
June 30, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities available-for-sale

 

$

937

 

$

513,981

 

$

89,998

 

$

604,916

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

76,572

 

76,572

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

 

 

2,218,319

 

2,218,319

 

Private equity investments, at estimated fair value

 

 

48,467

 

5,549

 

54,016

 

Total

 

$

937

 

$

562,448

 

$

2,390,438

 

$

2,953,823

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives, net

 

$

 

$

(53,259

)

$

6,087

 

$

(47,172

)

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

 

 

(2,080,592

)

(2,080,592

)

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

 

(77,637

)

 

(77,637

)

Total

 

$

 

$

(130,896

)

$

(2,074,505

)

$

(2,205,401

)

 

27



 

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of June 30, 2009, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value (amounts in thousands). There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Balance as of
June 30, 2009

 

Loans held for sale

 

$

 

$

168,547

 

$

 

$

168,547

 

REO

 

 

 

9,815

 

9,815

 

Total

 

$

 

$

168,547

 

$

9,815

 

$

178,362

 

 

Loans held for sale were classified as level 2 given that the assets were valued using quoted prices and other observable inputs in an active market.

 

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities (including derivatives that are presented net) measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2008, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Balance as of
December 31, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities available-for-sale

 

$

2,524

 

$

464,332

 

$

89,109

 

$

555,965

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

102,814

 

102,814

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

 

 

2,620,021

 

2,620,021

 

Private equity investments, at estimated fair value

 

 

 

5,287

 

5,287

 

Total

 

$

2,524

 

$

464,332

 

$

2,817,231

 

$

3,284,087

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives, net

 

$

 

$

(20,393

)

$

(76,950

)

$

(97,343

)

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

 

 

(2,462,882

)

(2,462,882

)

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

(2,220

)

(88,589

)

 

(90,809

)

Total

 

$

(2,220

)

$

(108,982

)

$

(2,539,832

)

$

(2,651,034

)

 

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2008, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value (amounts in thousands). There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Balance as of
December 31, 2008

 

Loans held for sale

 

$

 

$

219,199

 

$

105,450

 

$

324,649

 

REO

 

 

 

10,794

 

10,794

 

Total

 

$

 

$

219,199

 

$

116,244

 

$

335,443

 

 

28



 

Loans held for sale of $105.5 million were transferred into level 3 as of December 31, 2008 given that they were valued based on the estimated sale price. REO of $10.8 million were transferred into level 3 as of December 31, 2008 as there was little market activity for these assets and the valuation of REOs required management’s judgment.

 

The following table presents additional information about assets, including derivatives that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which the Company has utilized level 3 inputs to determine fair value, for the three months ended June 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

 

 

Securities
Available-
For-Sale

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities

 

Residential
Mortgage
Loans

 

Private Equity
Investments,
at estimated
fair value

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities
Issued

 

Beginning balance as of April 1, 2009

 

$

76,050

 

$

87,883

 

$

2,260,759

 

$

5,287

 

$

(2,231

)

$

(2,113,587

)

Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

 

(1,946

)

124,075

 

262

 

17,852

 

(130,717

)

Included in other comprehensive loss

 

13,948

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net transfers in and/or out of level 3

 

 

 

1,405

 

 

 

 

Purchases, sales, other settlements and issuances, net

 

 

(9,365

)

(167,920

)

 

(9,534

)

163,712

 

Ending balance as of June 30, 2009

 

$

89,998

 

$

76,572

 

$

2,218,319

 

$

5,549

 

$

6,087

 

$

(2,080,592

)

The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date(1)

 

$

 

$

(758

)

$

126,668

 

$

262

 

$

7,167

 

$

(130,086

)

 


(1)            Amounts are included in net realized and unrealized loss on investments, net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives and foreign exchange or net realized and unrealized loss on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

The following table presents additional information about assets, including derivatives that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which the Company has utilized level 3 inputs to determine fair value, for the six months ended June 30, 2009 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

 

 

Securities
Available-
For-Sale

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities

 

Residential
Mortgage
Loans

 

Private
Equity
Investments,
at estimated
fair value

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities
Issued

 

Beginning balance as of January 1, 2009

 

$

89,109

 

$

102,814

 

$

2,620,021

 

$

5,287

 

$

(76,950

)

$

(2,462,882

)

Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

(6,156

)

(9,315

)

(128,578

)

262

 

25,280

 

113,051

 

Included in other comprehensive loss

 

15,829

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net transfers in and/or out of level 3

 

 

 

978

 

 

 

 

Purchases, sales, other settlements and issuances, net

 

(8,784

)

(16,927

)

(274,102

)

 

57,757

 

269,239

 

Ending balance as of June 30, 2009

 

$

89,998

 

$

76,572

 

$

2,218,319

 

$

5,549

 

$

6,087

 

$

(2,080,592

)

The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date(1)

 

$

 

$

(7,558

)

$

(121,545

)

$

262

 

$

43,885

 

$

113,915

 

 


(1)

 

Amounts are included in net realized and unrealized loss on investments, net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives and foreign exchange or net realized and unrealized loss on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

29



 

The following table presents additional information about assets, including derivatives, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which the Company has utilized level 3 inputs to determine fair value, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

 

 

Securities
Available-
For-Sale

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities

 

Residential
Mortgage
Loans

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities
Issued

 

Beginning balance as of April 1, 2008

 

$

78,654

 

$

121,324

 

$

3,605,233

 

$

1,049

 

$

(3,410,163

)

Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

 

(1,192

)

4,081

 

(297

)

(6,775

)

Included in other comprehensive loss

 

(586

)

 

 

 

 

Net transfers in and/or out of level 3

 

(32,725

)

 

 

2,811

 

 

Purchases, sales, other settlements and issuances, net

 

 

(4,480

)

(214,318

)

(92

)

212,546

 

Ending balance as of June 30, 2008

 

$

45,343

 

$

115,652

 

$

3,394,996

 

$

3,471

 

$

(3,204,392

)

The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date(1)

 

$

 

$

(2,370

)

$

4,723

 

$

(297

)

$

(7,203

)

 


(1)    Amounts are included in net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives and foreign exchange or net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

The following table presents additional information about assets, including derivatives, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which the Company has utilized level 3 inputs to determine fair value, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

 

 

Securities
Available-
For-Sale

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities

 

Residential
Mortgage
Loans

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities
Issued

 

Beginning balance as of January 1, 2008

 

$

99,498

 

$

 

$

 

$

802

 

$

 

Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

 

(7,137

)

(140,783

)

467

 

147,252

 

Included in other comprehensive loss

 

(4,090

)

 

 

 

 

Net transfers in and/or out of level 3

 

(32,725

)

131,688

 

3,921,323

 

2,811

 

(3,169,353

)

Purchases, sales, other settlements and issuances, net

 

(17,340

)

(8,899

)

(385,544

)

(609

)

(182,291

)

Ending balance as of June 30, 2008

 

$

45,343

 

$

115,652

 

$

3,394,996

 

$

3,471

 

$

(3,204,392

)

The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date(1)

 

$

 

$

(9,250

)

$

(152,661

)

$

467

 

$

148,638

 

 


(1)

 

Amounts are included in net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives and foreign exchange or net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

30



 

Note 17. Subsequent Events

 

On July 10, 2009, the Company surrendered for cancellation, without consideration, approximately $298.4 million in aggregate of mezzanine notes and junior notes (“Surrendered Notes”) issued to the Company by CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2 and CLO 2006-1. The Surrendered Notes were promptly cancelled upon receipt by the trustee of each transaction and the related debt was extinguished by the issuers thereof. In accordance with GAAP, the Company consolidates its CLO subsidiaries and therefore, does not expect this transaction to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements. Similarly, as CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2 and CLO 2006-1 are treated as disregarded entities for tax purposes, this transaction is not expected to have any tax implications for the Company or its shareholders.

 

On July 24, 2009, the Company retired the outstanding balance of senior notes issued by CLO 2009-1, which totaled $44.4 million as of June 30, 2009. Prior to the retirement of the senior notes, an affiliate of the Company held a 20% interest in the subordinated notes issued by CLO 2009-1. As part of the deleveraging of CLO 2009-1, the subordinated notes in CLO 2009-1 held by the Company’s affiliate were retired in exchange for a 20% interest in each of CLO 2009-1’s assets which remained following the deleveraging.

 

On August 5, 2009, the Company, TRS Ltd., KFH Ltd., KKR Financial Holdings II, LLC, KKR Financial Holdings III, LLC, KKR Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Original Credit Agreement Borrowers”) and CLO 2009-1 (together with the Original Credit Agreement Borrowers, the “Amendment Borrowers”) and Bank of America, N.A. (“BofA”) and Citicorp North America Inc. (“Citicorp”) entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement and Security Agreement (the “Credit and Security Agreement Amendment”), amending (i) the Credit Agreement dated as of November 10, 2008 among the Original Credit Agreement Borrowers, BofA, Citicorp, Banc of America Securities LLC and Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (as amended by the Credit and Security Agreement Amendment, the “Credit Agreement”) and (ii) the Security Agreement dated as of November 17, 2008 among the Original Credit Agreement Borrowers and BofA (as amended by the Credit and Security Agreement Amendment, the “Security Agreement”).

 

Among other things, the Credit and Security Agreement Amendment provides that: (i) the size of the facility be reduced to $200.0 million from $300.0 million, (ii) the lending commitments of the lenders under the Credit Agreement be modified to provide for quarterly amortization of $12.5 million per quarter until the size of the facility has been reduced to $150 million on June 30, 2010, (iii) the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the Credit Agreement be increased from LIBOR plus 300 basis points to LIBOR plus 400 basis points, (iv) the maturity date of the borrowings under the Credit Agreement be extended to November 10, 2011, (v) the tangible net worth covenant be reduced to $700.0 million from $1.0 billion, (vi) CLO 2009-1 become a Borrower under the Credit Agreement and a party to the Security Agreement and certain other transaction documents, (vii) certain representations and warranties and affirmative and negative covenants be modified and added and (viii) certain events of default under the Credit Agreement be added. The Credit and Security Agreement Amendment also provides that the Company can (i) pay a yearly distribution to its shareholders in an amount equal to no greater than 50% of the Company’s taxable income for such year and (ii) use up to $50 million of its unrestricted cash to repurchase its outstanding convertible notes due July 2012 and/or its outstanding trust preferred securities.

 

In addition, the Amendment Borrowers (i) pledged and delivered certain additional collateral, including all loans, bonds, instruments, securities and financial assets directly or indirectly, legally or beneficially owned by the Amendment Borrowers and (ii) agreed to pay to each lender under the Credit Agreement an arrangement fee equal to 1.0% of each such lender’s commitment under the Credit Agreement and a structuring fee for each such lender in the amount of $1,250,000.

 

31



 

Item 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Except where otherwise expressly stated or the context suggests otherwise, the terms “we,” “us” and “our” refer to KKR Financial Holdings LLC and its subsidiaries.

 

Executive Overview

 

We are a specialty finance company that uses leverage with the objective of generating competitive risk-adjusted returns. We invest in financial assets consisting primarily of below investment grade corporate debt, including senior secured and unsecured loans, mezzanine loans, high yield corporate bonds, distressed and stressed debt securities, marketable equity securities, private equity investments and credit default and total rate of return swaps. The majority of our investments are in senior secured loans of large capitalization companies. The corporate loans we invest in are generally referred to as syndicated bank loans, or leveraged loans, and are purchased via assignment or participation in either the primary or secondary market. The majority of our corporate debt investments are held in collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) transactions that are structured as on-balance sheet securitizations and are used as long term financing for these investments. The senior secured notes issued by the CLO transactions are generally owned by unaffiliated third party investors and we own the majority of the mezzanine and subordinated notes in the CLO transactions. Our CLO transactions consist of six cash flow CLO transactions, KKR Financial CLO 2005-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2005-2, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-2”), KKR Financial CLO 2006-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2006-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-A, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-A” and, together with CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, and CLO 2007-1, the “Cash Flow CLOs”) and KKR Financial CLO 2009-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2009-1”).

 

In addition to our Cash Flow CLOs, a portion of our assets were previously held in Wayzata Funding LLC (“Wayzata”), a market value CLO transaction. On March 31, 2009, we completed the restructuring of Wayzata and replaced it with CLO 2009-1. As a result of the restructuring, substantially all of Wayzata’s assets were transferred to CLO 2009-1, a newly formed special purpose company, which issued $560.8 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes due April 2017 and $154.3 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due April 2017 to the existing Wayzata note holders in exchange for cancellation of the Wayzata notes, due November 2012, previously held by each of them. CLO 2009-1 was structured as a cash flow transaction and does not contain the market value provisions contained in Wayzata. The portfolio manager of CLO 2009-1 is an affiliate of KKR Financial Advisors LLC (our “Manager”) . The notes issued by CLO 2009-1 are secured by the same collateral that secured the Wayzata notes, consisting primarily of senior secured leveraged loans. As was the case with Wayzata, at the time of the restructuring, we and an affiliate of our Manager owned all of the subordinated notes issued by CLO 2009-1.

 

During the second quarter of 2009, we sold approximately $423.1 million of investments that were held in CLO 2009-1 in order to generate proceeds to retire the senior notes outstanding. These sales resulted in us recording a loss during the quarter of $27.2 million. During June 2009, we paid down the senior notes issued by CLO 2009-1 by $516.4 million and on July 24, 2009, we retired the remaining balance of $44.4 million of outstanding senior notes. Prior to the retirement of the senior notes, an affiliate of ours held a 20% interest in the subordinated notes issued by CLO 2009-1. As part of the deleveraging of CLO 2009-1, the subordinated notes in CLO 2009-1 held by our affiliate were retired in exchange for a 20% interest in each of CLO 2009-1’s assets which remained following the deleveraging.

 

Following the deleveraging transaction and the distribution of assets to our affiliate, we now hold the residual assets of CLO 2009-1, which consist of approximately $317.4 million par amount of corporate debt investments with an estimated fair value of $242.4 million and approximately $14.9 million of cash and receivables. As a result of this transaction, we will receive all cash flows generated by the $317.4 million par amount of investments on a prospective basis.

 

As described above, we own a majority of the mezzanine and subordinated notes issued by the Cash Flow CLOs and therefore have historically received a majority of our cash flows from our investments in these entities. The indentures governing the Cash Flow CLOs include numerous compliance tests, the majority of which relate to the CLO’s portfolio profile. In addition to the portfolio profile tests, the indentures for the Cash Flow CLOs include over-collateralization tests (“OC Tests”) which set the ratio of the collateral value of the assets in the CLO to the tranches of debt for which the test is being measured, as well as interest coverage tests. If a CLO is not in compliance with an OC Test or an interest coverage test, cash flows normally payable to the holders of junior classes of notes will be used by the CLO to amortize the most senior class of notes until such point as the OC Test is brought back into compliance. During the second quarter of 2009, certain of our Cash Flow CLOs failed certain of their respective OC Tests as a result of significant asset price declines and rating downgrades of certain investments that occurred during 2008. Accordingly, the cash flows we would generally expect to receive from our investments in the mezzanine and subordinated notes issued by the Cash Flow CLOs were used to amortize the most senior class of notes. During the first six months of 2009 the senior notes issued by our Cash Flow CLOs were reduced by $145.1 million due to amortization of the senior note balances as a result of non-compliance with certain OC Tests in certain of our CLOs.

 

32



 

On July 10, 2009, we undertook certain actions with respect to CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2 and CLO 2006-1 that are expected to have a positive cash flow impact for us. Specifically, we surrendered for cancellation, without consideration, approximately $298.4 million in aggregate mezzanine and junior notes (“Surrendered Notes”) issued to us by these three CLO transactions. The Surrendered Notes were promptly cancelled upon receipt by the trustee of each transaction and the related debt was extinguished by the issuers thereof. We believe that this transaction brings the OC Tests for these three CLOs into compliance, enabling the mezzanine and subordinated note holders, including us, to resume receiving cash flows from these transactions during the period when the OC Tests remain in compliance. As these CLO transactions are consolidated by us under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), this transaction is not expected to have any impact on our consolidated financial statements. Similarly, as CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2 and CLO 2006-1 are treated as disregarded entities for tax purposes, this transaction is not expected to have any tax implications for us or our shareholders.

 

Non-Cash “Phantom” Taxable Income

 

We intend to continue to operate so that we qualify, for United States federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. Holders of our shares are subject to United States federal income taxation and, in some cases, state, local and foreign income taxation, on their allocable share of our taxable income, regardless of whether or when they receive cash distributions. In addition, certain of our investments, including investments in foreign corporate subsidiaries, CLO issuers, including those treated as partnerships or disregarded entities for United States federal income tax purposes, and debt securities, may produce taxable income without corresponding distributions of cash to us or may produce taxable income prior to or following the receipt of cash relating to such income. Consequently, in some taxable years, holders of our shares may recognize taxable income in excess of our cash distributions. Furthermore, if we did not pay cash distributions with respect to a taxable year, holders of our shares may still have a tax liability attributable to their allocation of taxable income from us during such year.

 

Investment Portfolio

 

Overview

 

As discussed above, the majority of our investments are held through CLO transactions that are managed by an affiliate of our Manager and for which we own the majority, and in some cases all, of the economic interests in the transaction through the subordinated notes in the transaction. On an unconsolidated basis, our investment portfolio primarily consists of the following as of June 30, 2009: (i) mezzanine and subordinated tranches of CLO transactions, totaling a par amount of $1.4 billion; (ii) corporate loans with an aggregate par amount of $452.7 million and an estimated fair value of $147.7 million; (iii) corporate debt securities with an aggregate par amount of $92.8 million and an estimated fair value of $66.5 million; (iv) residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) with a par amount of $300.5 million and estimated fair value of $218.3 million; (v) private equity investments with an aggregate cost amount of $29.8 million and an estimated fair value of $27.1 million; note that our private equity investments are accounted for under either the cost method (cost of $17.5 million) or at fair value if we elected the fair value option of accounting (cost of $12.3 million); (vi) marketable equity securities with an aggregate estimated fair value of $0.9 million. In addition, we hold other investments including loan investments financed under total rate of return swaps that are accounted for as derivative transactions, credit default swaps, shorts on equity and debt instruments, and interest rate swaps.

 

As our condensed consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are presented to reflect the consolidation of the CLOs we hold investments in, the information contained in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects the CLOs on a consolidated basis consistent with the disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

Corporate Debt Investments

 

Our investments in corporate debt primarily consist of investments in below investment grade corporate loans, often referred to as syndicated bank loans or leveraged loans, and corporate debt securities. As of June 30, 2009, our corporate debt investments, excluding investments held through total rate of return swaps, had an aggregate par balance of $8.6 billion, an aggregate net amortized cost of $7.9 billion and an aggregate estimated fair value of $6.4 billion. Included in these amounts is $7.6 billion par amount or $5.8 billion estimated fair value of investments held in our Cash Flow CLOs which have aggregate senior notes outstanding totaling $5.7 billion and an aggregate of $542.1 million of mezzanine and subordinated notes outstanding that are held by an affiliate of our Manager. In addition to the investments held by our Cash Flow CLOs, they had an aggregate principal cash balance totaling $103.2 million as of June 30, 2009.

 

33



 

As of June 30, 2009, CLO 2009-1 held investments with an aggregate par balance of $438.8 million and an estimated fair value of $334.1 million. CLO 2009-1 also had an aggregate principal cash balance of $5.1 million, senior notes outstanding totaling $44.4 million and subordinated notes outstanding to an affiliate of our Manager totaling $90.4 million as of June 30, 2009.

 

RMBS Investments

 

Our residential mortgage investment portfolio consists of investments in RMBS with an estimated fair value of $224.1 million as of June 30, 2009. Of the $224.1 million of RMBS investments we hold, $147.5 million are in six residential mortgage-backed securitization trusts that we consolidate under GAAP as we hold the majority of the risk of loss on these transactions. This results in us reflecting the financial position and results of these trusts in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Consolidation of these six entities does not impact our net assets or net income; however, it does result in us showing the condensed consolidated assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses on our condensed consolidated financial statements. On our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2009, the $224.1 million of RMBS is computed as our investments in RMBS of $76.6 million, plus $147.5 million, which represents the difference between residential mortgage loans of $2.2 billion less residential mortgage-backed securities issued of $2.1 billion plus $9.8 million of real estate owned (“REO”) that is included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared by management in conformity with GAAP. Our significant accounting policies are fundamental to understanding our financial condition and results of operations because some of these policies require that we make significant estimates and assumptions that may affect the value of our assets or liabilities and financial results. We believe that certain of our policies are critical because they require us to make difficult, subjective, and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. We have reviewed these critical accounting policies with our board of directors and our audit committee.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

As defined in SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”), fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instruments’ complexity for disclosure purposes. Beginning in January 2007, assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their value. Hierarchical levels, as defined in SFAS No. 157 and directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuations of these assets and liabilities, are as follows:

 

Level 1: Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

The types of assets carried at level 1 fair value generally are equity securities listed in active markets.

 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

 

Fair value assets and liabilities that are generally included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, certain corporate loans held for sale, certain private equity investments, certain securities sold, not yet purchased and certain financial instruments classified as derivatives where the fair value is based on observable market inputs.

 

34



 

Level 3: Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and the consideration of factors specific to the asset.

 

Generally, assets and liabilities carried at fair value and included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, certain corporate loans held for sale, certain private equity investments, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, REO, residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain derivatives.

 

In the second quarter of 2009, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly (“FSP FAS 157-4”). This FSP provides additional guidance on determining fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased when compared with normal market activity for the asset or liability (or similar assets or liabilities). A significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability is an indication that transactions or quoted prices may not be determinative of fair value because in such market conditions there may be increased instances of transactions that are not orderly. In those circumstances, further analysis of transactions or quoted prices is needed, and a significant adjustment to the transactions or quoted prices may be necessary to estimate fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157. We determined that FSP FAS 157-4 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate (for example, the use of a market approach and a present value technique). When weighting indications of fair value resulting from the use of multiple valuation techniques, a reporting entity shall consider the reasonableness of the range of fair value estimates. The objective is to determine the point within that range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions. A wide range of fair value estimates may be an indication that further analysis is needed.

 

Regardless of the approach taken (i.e. either a single valuation technique or multiple valuation techniques), even in circumstances where there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability and regardless of the valuation technique(s) used, the objective of a fair value measurement remains the same. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. Determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions if there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. However, a reporting entity’s intention to hold the asset or liability is not relevant in estimating fair value. Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement

 

The FSP also emphasizes that in identifying transactions that are not orderly, an entity cannot assume that the observable transaction price is not orderly when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly declined. Instead, an entity must perform an analysis to determine whether the observable price is representative of a transaction that is not orderly. In making this determination, an entity cannot ignore information that is available without undue cost and effort; however, the entity is not required to undertake all possible efforts. A reporting entity shall evaluate the circumstances to determine whether the transaction is orderly based on the weight of the evidence.

 

The availability of observable inputs can vary depending on the financial asset or liability and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether the product is new, whether the product is traded on an active exchange or in the secondary market, and the current market condition. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by us in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in level 3. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

 

Many financial assets and liabilities have bid and ask prices that can be observed in the marketplace. Bid prices reflect the highest price that we and others are willing to pay for an asset. Ask prices represent the lowest price that we and others are willing to accept for an asset. For financial assets and liabilities whose inputs are based on bid-ask prices, we do not require that fair value always be a predetermined point in the bid-ask range. Our policy is to allow for mid-market pricing and adjusting to the point within the bid-ask range that meets our best estimate of fair value.

 

35



 

Depending on the relative liquidity in the markets for certain assets, we may transfer assets to level 3 if we determine that observable quoted prices, obtained directly or indirectly, are not available. Assets and liabilities that are valued using level 3 of the fair value hierarchy primarily consist of certain corporate debt securities, certain private equity investments, certain corporate loans held for sale, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts. The valuation techniques used for these are described below.

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities, Residential Mortgage Loans, and Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Issued:   Residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using industry recognized models (including Intex and Bloomberg) and data for similar instruments (e.g., nationally recognized pricing services or broker quotes). The most significant inputs to the valuation of these instruments are default and loss expectations and market credit spreads.

 

Corporate Debt Securities:   Corporate debt securities are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using market data for similar instruments (e.g., recent transactions or broker quotes), comparisons to benchmark derivative indices or valuation models. Valuations models are based on discounted cash flow techniques, for which the key inputs are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, market yields for such instruments and recovery assumptions. Inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate similar instruments from similar issuers.

 

OTC Derivative Contracts:   OTC derivative contracts include forward, swap and option contracts related to interest rates, foreign currencies, credit standing of reference entities, and equity prices. The fair value of OTC derivative products can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed-form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and simulation models or a combination thereof. Many pricing models do not entail material subjectivity because the methodologies employed do not necessitate significant judgment, and the pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets, as is the case for generic interest rate swap and option contracts.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

We account for share-based compensation issued to members of our board of directors and our Manager using the fair value based methodology in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), Share-based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123(R)”). We do not have any employees, although we believe that members of our board of directors are deemed to be employees for purposes of interpreting and applying accounting principles relating to share-based compensation. We record as compensation costs the restricted common shares that we issued to members of our board of directors at estimated fair value as of the grant date and we amortize the cost into expense over the three-year vesting period using the straight-line method. We record compensation costs for restricted common shares and common share options that we issued to our Manager at estimated fair value as of the grant date and we remeasure the amount on subsequent reporting dates to the extent the awards have not vested. Unvested restricted common shares are valued using observable secondary market prices. Unvested common share options are valued using the Black-Scholes model and assumptions based on observable market data for comparable companies. We amortize compensation expense related to the restricted common share and common share options that we granted to our Manager using the graded vesting attribution method in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R).

 

Because we remeasure the amount of compensation costs associated with the unvested restricted common shares and unvested common share options that we issued to our Manager as of each reporting period, our share-based compensation expense reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements will change based on the estimated fair value of our common shares and this may result in earnings volatility. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, share-based compensation was immaterial. As of June 30, 2009, substantially all of the non-vested restricted common shares issued that are subject to SFAS No. 123(R) are subject to remeasurement. As of June 30, 2009, a $1 increase in the price of our common shares would have increased our future share-based compensation expense by approximately $1.1 million and this future share-based compensation expense would be recognized over the remaining vesting periods of our outstanding restricted common shares and common share options. As of June 30, 2009, the common share options were fully exercised and expire in August 2014. As of June 30, 2009, future unamortized share-based compensation totaled $0.8 million, of which $0.3 million, $0.5 million, and an immaterial amount will be recognized in 2009, 2010, and beyond, respectively.

 

36



 

Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

We recognize all derivatives on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at estimated fair value. On the date we enter into a derivative contract, we designate and document each derivative contract as one of the following at the time the contract is executed: (i) a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value” hedge); (ii) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow” hedge); (iii) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation; or (iv) a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument (“free-standing derivative”). For a fair value hedge, we record changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative and, to the extent that it is effective, changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk, in the current period earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For a cash flow hedge, we record changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative to the extent that it is effective in other comprehensive income. We subsequently reclassify these changes in estimated fair value to net income in the same period(s) that the hedged transaction affects earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For free-standing derivatives, we report changes in the fair values in current period non-interest income.

 

We formally document at inception our hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, our risk management objectives, strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and our evaluation of effectiveness of our hedged transactions. Periodically, as required by SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities , as amended and interpreted (“SFAS No. 133”), we also formally assesses whether the derivative designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be and has been highly effective in offsetting changes in estimated fair values or cash flows of the hedged item using either the dollar offset or the regression analysis method. If we determine that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, we discontinue hedge accounting.

 

We are not required to account for our derivative contracts using hedge accounting as described above. If we decide not to designate the derivative contracts as hedges or if we fail to fulfill the criteria necessary to qualify for hedge accounting, then the changes in the estimated fair values of our derivative contracts would affect periodic earnings immediately potentially resulting in the increased volatility of our earnings. The qualification requirements for hedge accounting are complex and as a result, we must evaluate, designate, and thoroughly document each hedge transaction at inception and perform ineffectiveness analysis and prepare related documentation at inception and on a recurring basis thereafter. As of June 30, 2009, the estimated fair value of our net derivative liabilities totaled $47.2 million.

 

Impairments

 

We monitor our available-for-sale securities portfolio for impairments. A loss is recognized when it is determined that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary. We consider many factors in determining whether the impairment of a security is deemed to be other-than-temporary, including, but not limited to, the length of time the security has had a decline in estimated fair value below its amortized cost and the severity of the decline, the amount of the unrealized loss, recent events specific to the issuer or industry, external credit ratings and recent changes in such ratings.  In addition, for debt securities we consider our intent to sell the debt security, our estimation of whether or not we expect to recover the debt security’s entire amortized cost if we intend to hold the debt security, and whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery.  For equity securities, we also consider our intent and ability to hold the equity security for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in value.

 

The amount of the loss that is recognized when it is determined that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary is dependent on certain factors.  If the security is an equity security or if the security is a debt security that we intend to sell or estimate that it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell before recovery of its amortized cost, then the impairment amount recognized in earnings is the entire difference between the estimated fair value of the security and its amortized cost. For debt securities that we do not intend to sell or estimate that we are not more likely than not to be required to sell before recovery, the impairment is separated into the estimated amount relating to credit loss and the estimated amount relating to all other factors. Only the estimated credit loss amount is recognized in earnings, with the remainder of the loss amount recognized in other comprehensive income.

 

This process involves a considerable amount of subjective judgments by our management. As of June 30, 2009, we had aggregate unrealized losses on our securities classified as available-for-sale of approximately $69.4 million, which if not recovered may result in the recognition of future losses. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, we recorded charges for impairments of securities that we determined to be other-than-temporary totaling $6.2 million and $40.0 million, respectively.

 

37



 

In the second quarter of 2009, we adopted FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2, Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments (“FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2”), which amends the other-than-temporary impairment guidance for debt securities. We determined that FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

Our allowance for estimated loan losses represents our estimate of probable credit losses inherent in our corporate loan portfolio held for investment. When determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, we consider historical and industry loss experience, economic conditions and trends, the estimated fair values of our loans, credit quality trends and other factors that we determine are relevant. This process involves a considerable amount of subjective judgments by our management. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are charged to current period earnings through the provision for loan losses. Amounts determined to be uncollectible are charged directly to the allowance for loan losses. Our allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component.

 

The allocated component of our allowance for loan losses consists of individual loans that are impaired and for which the estimated allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. We consider a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, we believe it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due to us based on the contractual terms of the loan. An impaired loan may be left on accrual status during the period we are pursuing repayment of the loan; however, the loan is placed on non-accrual status at such time as: (i) we believe that scheduled debt service payments may not be paid when contractually due; (ii) the loan becomes 90 days delinquent; (iii) we determine the borrower is incapable of, or has ceased efforts toward, curing the cause of the impairment; or (iv) the net realizable value of the underlying collateral securing the loan decreases below our carrying value of such loan. While on non-accrual status, previously recognized accrued interest is reversed if it is determined that such amounts are not collectible and interest income is recognized only upon actual receipt.

 

The unallocated component of our allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies . This component of the allowance for loan losses represents our estimate of losses inherent, but unidentified, in our portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses is estimated based upon a review of the our loan portfolio’s risk characteristics, risk grouping of loans in the portfolio based upon estimated probability of default and severity of loss based on loan type, and consideration of general economic conditions and trends.

 

As of June 30, 2009, our allowance for loan losses totaled $473.2 million.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In January 2009, the FASB issued FSP EITF 99-20-1, Amendments to the Impairment Guidance of EITF Issue No. 99-20 (“FSP EITF 99-20-1”). FSP EITF 99-20-1 eliminates the requirement that a holder’s best estimate of cash flows be based upon those that “a market participant” would use. Instead, it requires that an other-than-temporary impairment be recognized as a realized loss when it is “probable” there has been an adverse change in the holder’s estimated cash flows from the cash flows previously projected. FSP EITF 99-20-1 also reiterates and emphasizes the related guidance and disclosure requirements in accordance with SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. FSP EITF 99-20-1 is effective for all periods ending after December 15, 2008 and retroactive application is not permitted. We have taken this FSP into consideration when evaluating our investments for other-than-temporary impairment.

 

On June 12, 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (“SFAS No. 140”) (collectively “SFAS No. 166”). The most significant amendments that SFAS No. 166 makes consist of the removal of the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity (“QSPE”) from SFAS No. 140, and the elimination of the exception for QSPE from the consolidation guidance of FIN 46R. The disclosures required by this standard are to provide greater transparency about transfers of financial assets and an entity’s continuing involvement in transferred financial assets. SFAS No. 166 will significantly affect existing securitizations that use QSPEs, as well as future securitizations. SFAS No. 166 is effective January 1, 2010 for calendar-year reporting entities and earlier application is prohibited. We are evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS No. 166.

 

Also on June 12, 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, Amendment to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)  (“SFAS No. 167”) which addresses the effects of elimination the QSPE concept from SFAS No. 140 and responds to concerns about the application of certain key provisions of FIN 46R including concerns over the transparency of enterprises’ involvement with VIEs. SFAS No. 167 requires additional disclosures for various areas including situations that use significant judgment and assumptions in determining whether or not to consolidate a VIE as well as the nature of and changes in the risks associated with a VIE. This standard is effective for calendar year-end companies beginning on January 1, 2010. We are evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS No. 167.

 

38



 

On June 29, 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles—a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162 (“SFAS No. 168”). The FASB Accounting Standards Codification (Codification) will become the single official source of authoritative GAAP. The current GAAP hierarchy consists of four levels of authoritative accounting and reporting guidance (levels A through D), including original pronouncements of the FASB, FASB FSPs, EITF abstracts, and other accounting literature (“pre-Codification GAAP” or “current GAAP”). The Codification eliminates this hierarchy and replaces current GAAP (other than rules and interpretive releases of the SEC) with just two levels of literature: authoritative and nonauthoritative. The Codification will be effective for interim and annual periods ending on or after September 15, 2009. We do not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 168 will have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

Results of Operations

 

Summary

 

Our net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 totaled $20.6 million (or $0.14 per diluted common share) and $7.6 million (or $0.05 per diluted common share), respectively, as compared to net income of $37.6 million (or $0.25 per diluted common share) and $51.5 million (or $0.39 per diluted common share), respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008. Income from continuing operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 totaled $20.6 million (or $0.14 per diluted common share) and $7.6 million (or $0.05 per diluted common share), respectively, as compared to income from continuing operations of $38.6 million (or $0.25 per diluted common share) and $48.9 million (or $0.37 per diluted common share), respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008. The decrease in income from continuing operations of $18.0 million and $41.2 million from the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009, respectively, is primarily due to an increase in realized and unrealized loss on investments and a decline in net investment income resulting from a smaller investment portfolio and lower LIBOR rate. These losses were slightly offset by net realized and unrealized gains on derivatives and foreign exchange.

 

Net Investment Income

 

The following table presents the components of our net investment income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

Comparative Net Investment Income Components

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Investment Income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate loans and securities interest income

 

$

97,400

 

$

163,830

 

$

202,584

 

$

363,190

 

Residential mortgage loans and securities interest income

 

31,843

 

44,643

 

70,844

 

92,847

 

Other interest income

 

106

 

4,998

 

462

 

16,074

 

Dividend income

 

26

 

1,092

 

287

 

1,908

 

Net discount accretion

 

15,928

 

10,865

 

29,799

 

19,647

 

Total investment income

 

145,303

 

225,428

 

303,976

 

493,666

 

Interest Expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Repurchase agreements

 

 

4,467

 

 

33,437

 

Collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

33,210

 

71,889

 

79,625

 

146,407

 

Secured revolving credit facility

 

3,916

 

3,140

 

7,858

 

5,773

 

Secured demand loan

 

 

25

 

 

348

 

Convertible senior notes

 

5,259

 

5,623

 

10,505

 

11,010

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

4,176

 

6,349

 

8,617

 

12,104

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

21,244

 

34,001

 

47,103

 

68,432

 

Other interest expense

 

1,005

 

272

 

2,247

 

1,022

 

Interest rate swap

 

3,593

 

2,271

 

6,330

 

3,569

 

Total interest expense

 

(72,403

)

(128,037

)

(162,285

)

(282,102

)

Interest expense to affiliates

 

(5,379

)

(19,707

)

(11,184

)

(47,525

)

Provision for loan losses

 

(12,808

)

(10,000

)

(39,795

)

(10,000

)

Net investment income

 

$

54,713

 

$

67,684

 

$

90,712

 

$

154,039

 

 

39



 

The decrease in net investment income from the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009 is primarily attributable to a smaller investment portfolio and lower interest rates, partially offset by a decline in interest expense related to pay downs of our collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes in 2009.

 

Other Loss

 

The following table presents the components of other loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

Comparative Other Loss Components

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives and foreign exchange:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

$

92

 

$

(268

)

$

567

 

$

3,526

 

Credit default swaps

 

4,928

 

(2,955

)

12,908

 

10,334

 

Total rate of return swaps

 

17,760

 

(3,820

)

24,713

 

(66,445

)

Common stock warrants

 

 

(20

)

 

(707

)

Foreign exchange(1)

 

3,725

 

1,145

 

713

 

358

 

Total realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives and foreign exchange

 

26,505

 

(5,918

)

38,901

 

(52,934

)

Net realized loss on residential mortgage-backed securities and residential mortgage loans, carried at estimated fair value

 

(3,269

)

(744

)

(11,676

)

(1,499

)

Net unrealized loss on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value

 

(4,176

)

(4,850

)

(15,188

)

(13,273

)

Net realized and unrealized loss on investments(2)

 

(40,304

)

(7,529

)

(66,744

)

(21,288

)

Net realized and unrealized gain on securities sold, not yet purchased

 

2,479

 

1,664

 

3,916

 

8,650

 

Impairment of securities available for sale

 

(6,249

)

(9,688

)

(40,013

)

(9,688

)

Gain on restructuring and extinguishment of debt

 

6,892

 

17,225

 

41,463

 

17,225

 

Other income

 

1,578

 

513

 

2,911

 

5,469

 

Total other loss

 

$

(16,544

)

$

(9,327

)

$

(46,430

)

$

(67,338

)

 


(1)

Includes foreign exchange contracts and foreign exchange gain or loss.

(2)

Includes lower of cost or estimated fair value adjustment to corporate loans held for sale and unrealized gain (loss) on private equity investments held at estimated fair value.

 

As presented in the table above, other loss totaled $16.5 million and $46.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to other loss of $9.3 million and $67.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Total other loss for the three months ended June 30, 2009 primarily consisted of net realized and unrealized losses on investments totaling $40.3 million, partially offset by net realized and unrealized gains on derivatives and foreign exchange totaling $26.5 million. Total other loss for the six months ended June 30, 2009 primarily consisted of net realized and unrealized losses on investments totaling $66.7 million, net unrealized losses on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans and residential mortgage-backed securities issued totaling $15.2 million, and a loss from other-than-temporary impairments on securities available-for-sale totaling $40.0 million. These losses were partially offset by net realized and unrealized gains on derivatives and foreign exchange totaling $38.9 million and a gain on restructuring and extinguishment of debt totaling $41.5 million. The gain on restructuring and extinguishment of debt primarily reflects the reduction of the reported amount of debt held by an affiliate of our Manager upon the replacement of Wayzata with CLO 2009-1 on March 31, 2009.

 

40



 

Non-Investment Expenses

 

The following table presents the components of non-investment expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008:

 

Comparative Non-Investment Expense Components

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Related party management compensation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base management fees

 

$

3,653

 

$

8,927

 

$

7,278

 

$

16,360

 

Share-based compensation

 

105

 

196

 

(35

)

658

 

CLO management fees

 

6,546

 

1,264

 

14,273

 

2,528

 

Related party management compensation

 

10,304

 

10,387

 

21,516

 

19,546

 

Professional services

 

2,090

 

1,071

 

5,475

 

2,928

 

Loan servicing

 

2,056

 

2,391

 

4,192

 

4,960

 

Insurance

 

303

 

158

 

606

 

319

 

Directors expenses

 

388

 

315

 

692

 

716

 

General and administrative

 

2,284

 

5,279

 

4,080

 

9,239

 

Total non-investment expenses

 

$

17,425

 

$

19,601

 

$

36,561

 

$

37,708

 

 

As presented in the table above, our non-investment expenses decreased by approximately $2.2 million from the three months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009 and $1.1 million from the six months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009. The significant components of non-investment expense are described below.

 

Management compensation to related parties consists of base management fees payable to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement, incentive fees, collateral management fees, and share-based compensation related to restricted common shares and common share options granted to our Manager.

 

The base management fee payable was calculated in accordance with the Management Agreement and is based on an annual rate of 1.75% times our “equity” as defined in the Management Agreement. Base management fee decreased by $5.3 million and $9.1 million, from the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009, respectively, due to the significant decline in “equity” from the $1.1 billion loss we reported for the year ended December 31, 2008. E ffective January 1, 2009 , the Manager agreed to defer 50% of the monthly base management fee payable by us for the period from January 1, 2009 through November 30, 2009. The aggregate amount of fees otherwise payable during the deferral period will be payable to the Manager upon the earlier of (x) December 15, 2009 and (y) the date of any termination of the Management Agreement pursuant to either Section 13(a) or Section 15(b) thereof.

 

Our Manager is also entitled to a quarterly incentive fee provided that our quarterly “net income,” as defined in the Management Agreement, before the incentive fee exceeds a defined return hurdle. Incentive fees of nil were earned by the Manager during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.

 

An affiliate of our Manager has entered into separate management agreements with the respective investment vehicles CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and CLO 2009-1 and is entitled to receive fees for the services performed as collateral manager. Beginning April 15, 2007, the collateral manager ceased waiving fees for CLO 2005-1 and beginning January 1, 2009, the collateral manager ceased waiving fees for CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and Wayzata. Accordingly, CLO management fees increased $5.3 million and $11.7 million from the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009, respectively. In addition, beginning January 1, 2009, our Manager permanently waived reimbursable general and administrative expenses allocable to us in an amount equal to the incremental CLO fees received by our Manager. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Manager permanently waived reimbursement of $3.0 million and $5.3 million, respectively, in allocable general and administrative expenses. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, we reimbursed our Manager $2.6 million and $5.1 million, respectively, for expenses.

 

General and administrative expenses consist of expenses incurred by our Manager on our behalf that are reimbursable to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement. Professional services expenses consist of legal, accounting and other professional services. Directors’ expenses represent share-based compensation, as well as expenses and reimbursables due to the board of directors for their services. Professional fees increased by $1.0 million from the three months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009 and $2.5 million from the six months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009 primarily due to expenses associated with CLO 2009-1. The decrease in general and administrative expenses of $3.0 million and $5.2 million from the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 to 2009, respectively, was primarily attributable to the rebated CLO fees reducing the general and administrative expenses otherwise reimbursable to our Manager.

 

41



 

Income Tax Provision

 

We intend to continue to operate so that we qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation, for United States federal income tax purposes. Therefore, we generally are not subject to United States federal income tax at the entity level, but are subject to limited state income taxes. Holders of our shares are required to take into account their allocable share of each item of our income, gain, loss, deduction and credit for our taxable year end ending within or with their taxable year.

 

KKR TRS Holdings, Ltd. (“TRS Ltd.”), KKR Financial Holdings, Ltd. (“KFH Ltd.”), and KFN PEI VII, LLC (“PEI VII”) are not consolidated with us for United States federal income tax purposes. For financial reporting purposes, current and deferred taxes are provided for on the portion of earnings recognized by us with respect to our interest in PEI VII, a domestic taxable corporate subsidiary, because PEI VII is taxed as a regular corporation under the Code. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed based on temporary differences between the GAAP consolidated financial statements and the United States federal income tax basis of assets and liabilities as of each consolidated balance sheet date. CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and CLO 2009-1 are our foreign subsidiaries that elected to be treated as disregarded entities or partnerships for United States federal income tax purposes. Those subsidiaries were established to facilitate securitization transactions, structured as secured financing transactions. TRS Ltd. and KFH Ltd. are our foreign subsidiaries and are taxed as corporations for United States federal income tax purposes. These entities were formed to make certain foreign and domestic investments from time to time. TRS Ltd. and KFH Ltd. are organized as exempted companies incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and are generally exempt from United States federal and state income tax at the corporate entity level because they restrict their activities in the United States to trading in stock and securities for their own account. They generally will not be subject to corporate income tax in our financial statements on their earnings, and no provisions for income taxes for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 were recorded; however, we are generally required to include their current taxable income in our calculation of taxable income allocable to shareholders.

 

We own both REIT and domestic taxable corporate subsidiaries, none of which are expected to incur a 2009 federal or state tax liability.

 

Investment Portfolio

 

Corporate Investment Portfolio Summary

 

Our corporate investment portfolio primarily consists of investments in corporate loans and debt securities. Our corporate loans primarily consist of senior secured, second lien and mezzanine loans. The corporate loans we invest in are generally below investment grade and are floating rate indexed to either one-month or three-month LIBOR. Our investments in corporate debt securities primarily consist of investments in below investment grade corporate bonds that are senior secured, senior unsecured and subordinated. We evaluate and monitor the asset quality of our investment portfolio by performing detailed credit reviews and by monitoring key credit statistics and trends. The key credit statistics and trends we monitor to evaluate the quality of our investments include credit ratings of both our investments and the issuer, financial performance of the issuer including earnings trends, free cash flows of the issuer, debt service coverage ratios of the issuer, financial leverage of the issuer, and industry trends that have or may impact the issuer’s current or future financial performance and debt service ability.

 

The tables below summarize the carrying value, amortized cost and estimated fair value of our corporate investment portfolio as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, stratified by type. Carrying value is the value that investments are recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets and is estimated fair value for securities, amortized cost for loans held for investment, and the lower of amortized cost or estimated fair value for loans held for sale. Estimated fair values set forth in the tables below are primarily based on dealer quotes and/or nationally recognized pricing services.

 

Corporate Loans

 

Our corporate loan portfolio totaled approximately $7.3 billion as of June 30, 2009 and $8.1 billion as of December 31, 2008. Our corporate loan portfolio consists of debt obligations of corporations, partnerships and other entities in the form of senior secured loans, second lien loans and mezzanine loans.

 

The following table summarizes our corporate loans portfolio stratified by type as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

Corporate Loans

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Carrying Value (1)

 

Amortized Cost

 

Estimated Fair
Value

 

Carrying Value(1)

 

Amortized Cost

 

Estimated Fair
Value

 

Senior secured

 

$

6,459,603

 

$

6,459,603

 

$

5,259,242

 

$

7,147,665

 

$

7,147,665

 

$

4,627,121

 

Second lien

 

597,833

 

597,833

 

401,394

 

655,371

 

655,371

 

361,196

 

Mezzanine

 

230,753

 

230,753

 

120,146

 

249,185

 

249,185

 

109,266

 

Total

 

$

7,288,189

 

$

7,288,189

 

$

5,780,782

 

$

8,052,221

 

$

8,052,221

 

$

5,097,583

 

 


(1)

Total carrying value excludes allowance for loan losses of $473.2 million and $480.8 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, and includes loans held for sale of $168.5 million and $324.6 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

42



 

As of June 30, 2009, $7.2 billion, or 98.2%, of our corporate loan portfolio was floating rate and $0.1 billion, or 1.8%, was fixed rate. As of December 31, 2008, $7.9 billion, or 98.6%, of our corporate loan portfolio was floating rate and $0.1 billion, or 1.4%, was fixed rate. Fixed and floating percentages were calculated based on the portfolio mix as a percentage of estimated fair value.

 

All of our floating rate corporate loans have index reset frequencies of twelve months or less with the majority being quarterly. The weighted-average coupon on our floating rate corporate loans was 3.9% and 4.6% as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, and the weighted-average coupon spread to LIBOR of our floating rate corporate loan portfolio was 3.1% and 2.9% as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The rates above were calculated assuming that non-accrual loans were accruing interest as of the stated periods. The weighted-average years to maturity of our floating rate corporate loans was 4.7 years and 5.1 years as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

As of June 30, 2009, our fixed rate corporate loans had a weighted-average coupon of 13.0% and weighted-average years to maturity of 5.7 years, as compared to 13.7% and weighted-average years to maturity of 6.4 years as of December 31, 2008.

 

Loans placed on non-accrual status may or may not be contractually past due at the time of such determination. When placed on non-accrual status, previously recognized accrued interest is reversed and charged against current income. While on non-accrual status, interest income is recognized using the cost-recovery method, cash-basis method or some combination of the two methods. A loan is placed back on accrual status when the ultimate collectability of the principal and interest is not in doubt.

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had $704.3 million and $358.0 million of loans on non-accrual status, respectively. The average recorded investment in the impaired loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 was $738.2 million and $531.3 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, there were no corporate loan balances placed on non-accrual status. The amount of interest income recognized using the cash-basis method during the time within the period that the loans were impaired was $4.7 million and $6.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, and nil for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.

 

As of June 30, 2009, we held loans that were in default with a total amortized cost of $727.3 million from nine issuers. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we held investments that were in default with a total amortized cost of $312.7 million from three issuers. The majority of corporate loans in default during 2009 and 2008 were included in the investments for which the allocated component of our allowance for losses was related to as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for loan losses for our corporate loan portfolio during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the three
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2009

 

For the six
months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Balance at beginning of period

 

$

507,762

 

$

25,000

 

$

480,775

 

$

25,000

 

Provision for loan losses

 

12,808

 

10,000

 

39,795

 

10,000

 

Charge-offs

 

(47,368

)

 

(47,368

)

 

Balance at end of period

 

$

473,202

 

$

35,000

 

$

473,202

 

$

35,000

 

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had an allowance for loan loss of $473.2 million and $480.8 million, respectively. As described under Critical Accounting Policies, our allowance for loan losses represents our estimate of probable credit losses inherent in our loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Our allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component. The allocated component of our allowance for loan losses consists of individual loans that are impaired. The unallocated component of our allowance for loan losses represents our estimate of losses inherent, but not identified, in our portfolio as of the balance sheet date.

 

43



 

As of June 30, 2009, the allocated component of the allowance for loan losses totaled $428.8 million and relates to investments in loans issued by eleven issuers with an aggregate par amount of $891.9 million and an aggregate amortized cost amount of $701.6 million. As of December 31, 2008, the allocated component of the allowance for loan losses totaled $320.6 million and relates to investments in loans issued by eleven issuers with an aggregate par amount of $828.2 million and an aggregate amortized cost amount of $715.4 million. The amount recorded to the allocated component of our allowance for loan losses reflects significant deterioration in the credit performance of these issuers as demonstrated by default, bankruptcy or a material deterioration of the issuer such that default or restructuring is considered likely to occur.

 

The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses totaled $44.4 million and $160.2 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The decline in the unallocated component of our allowance for loan losses from December 31, 2008 to June 30, 2009 is attributable to the migration of the unallocated component to the allocated component of the allowance for loan losses since year end. We recorded charge-offs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 totaling $47.4 million. Of these, $6.0 million related to a loan sold during the quarter, while $41.4 million related to a loan exchanged for private equity and which qualified as a troubled debt restructuring. At the time of restructuring, we elected the option to carry this investment at estimated fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 159, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income. There were no charge-offs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.

 

We recorded a $25.7 million charge to earnings during the quarter ended June 30, 2009 for the lower of cost or estimated fair value adjustment for corporate loans held for sale which had an estimated fair value of $168.5 million as of June 30, 2009. We recorded a $2.6 million charge to earnings during the quarter ended June 30, 2008 for the lower of cost or estimated fair value adjustment for loans held for sale which had an estimated fair value of $66.7 million as of June 30, 2008.

 

The following table summarizes the par value of our corporate loan portfolio stratified by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“Standard & Poor’s”) ratings category as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

Corporate Loans

(Amounts in thousands)

 

Ratings Category

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

Aaa/AAA

 

$

 

$

 

Aa1/AA+ through Aa3/AA-

 

 

 

A1/A+ through A3/A-

 

 

 

Baa1/BBB+ through Baa3/BBB-

 

41,173

 

 

Ba1/BB+ through Ba3/BB-

 

1,577,723

 

2,885,285

 

B1/B+ through B3/B-

 

4,956,391

 

4,580,280

 

Caa1/CCC+ and lower

 

1,078,165

 

957,104

 

Non-rated

 

90,023

 

33,449

 

Total

 

$

7,743,475

 

$

8,456,118

 

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

Our corporate debt securities portfolio totaled $604.0 million and $553.4 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Our corporate debt securities portfolio consists of debt obligations of corporations, partnerships and other entities in the form of senior secured, senior unsecured and subordinated bonds.

 

The following table summarizes our corporate debt securities portfolio stratified by type as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

Corporate Debt Securities

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Carrying Value

 

Amortized Cost

 

Estimated Fair
Value

 

Carrying Value

 

Amortized Cost

 

Estimated Fair
Value

 

Senior secured

 

$

55,134

 

$

38,220

 

$

55,134

 

$

57,641

 

$

75,127

 

$

57,641

 

Senior unsecured

 

344,591

 

350,172

 

344,591

 

400,357

 

503,897

 

400,357

 

Subordinated

 

204,254

 

218,176

 

204,254

 

95,443

 

163,450

 

95,443

 

Total

 

$

603,979

 

$

606,568

 

$

603,979

 

$

553,441

 

$

742,474

 

$

553,441

 

 

44



 

As of June 30, 2009, $497.1 million, or 82.3%, of our corporate debt securities portfolio was fixed rate and $106.9 million, or 17.7%, was floating rate. As of December 31, 2008, $494.6 million, or 89.4%, of our corporate debt securities portfolio was fixed rate and $58.8 million, or 10.6%, was floating rate.

 

As of June 30, 2009, our fixed rate corporate debt securities had a weighted-average coupon of 10.3% and weighted-average years to maturity of 7.0 years, as compared to 10.3% and 6.8 years, as of December 31, 2008. All of our floating rate corporate debt securities have index reset frequencies of less than twelve months. The weighted-average coupon on our floating rate corporate debt securities was 4.0% and 7.0% as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, and the weighted-average coupon spread to LIBOR of our floating rate corporate debt securities was 3.2% and 3.6% as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The weighted-average years to maturity of our floating rate corporate debt securities was 4.7 years and 4.5 years as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, we recorded impairment losses totaling $6.2 million and $40.0 million, respectively, for corporate debt and equity securities that we determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired. These securities were determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired either due to our determination that recovery in value is no longer likely or because we decided to sell the respective security in response to specific credit concerns regarding the issuer. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, we recorded impairment losses totaling $9.7 million for corporate debt and equity securities that we determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

 

As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we held one corporate debt security that was in default with a total fair value of $3.7 million and $3.2 million, respectively. This corporate debt security was determined to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.

 

The following table summarizes the par value of our corporate debt securities portfolio stratified by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s ratings category as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

Corporate Debt Securities

(Amounts in thousands)

 

Ratings Category

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

Aaa/AAA

 

$

 

$

 

Aa1/AA+ through Aa3/AA-

 

 

 

A1/A+ through A3/A-

 

36,000

 

37,500

 

Baa1/BBB+ through Baa3/BBB-

 

 

 

Ba1/BB+ through Ba3/BB-

 

32,000

 

32,000

 

B1/B+ through B3/B-

 

265,169

 

408,856

 

Caa1/CCC+ and lower

 

545,368

 

734,303

 

Non-Rated

 

6,816

 

6,816

 

Total

 

$

885,353

 

$

1,219,475

 

 

Residential Mortgage Investments Summary

 

Our residential mortgage investment portfolio consists of investments in RMBS with an estimated fair value of $224.1 million as of June 30, 2009. The $224.1 million of RMBS is comprised of $105.6 million of RMBS that are rated investment grade or higher and $118.5 million of RMBS that are rated below investment grade. Of the $224.1 million of RMBS investments we hold, $147.5 million are in six residential mortgage-backed securitization trusts that are not structured as qualifying special-purpose entities as defined by SFAS No. 140. Accordingly, as we own the first loss securities in these trusts, we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of these entities and as such, consolidate these trusts in accordance with GAAP. This results in us reflecting the financial position and results of these trusts in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Consolidation of these six entities does not impact our net assets or net income; however, it does result in us showing the condensed consolidated assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses on our condensed consolidated financial statements. On our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2009, the $224.1 million of RMBS is computed as our investments in RMBS of $76.6 million, plus $147.5 million, which represents the difference between residential mortgage loans of $2.2 billion less residential mortgage-backed securities issued of $2.1 billion plus $9.8 million of REO that is included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. The $224.1 million of RMBS as of June 30, 2009 represents a decrease of 17.2% from $270.7 million as of December 31, 2008.

 

As our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report are presented to reflect the consolidation of the aforementioned residential mortgage securitization trusts, the information contained in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects our residential mortgage portfolio presented on a consolidated basis consistent with the disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

45



 

The table below summarizes the carrying value, amortized cost, and estimated fair value of our residential mortgage investment portfolio as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008. Carrying value is the value that investments are recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets and is estimated fair value for residential mortgage-backed securities and residential mortgage loans. Estimated fair values set forth in the tables below are based on dealer quotes, nationally recognized pricing services and/or management’s judgment when relevant observable inputs do not exist.

 

Residential Mortgage Investment Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Carrying
Value

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Residential Mortgage Loans(1)

 

$

2,218,319

 

$

3,090,856

 

$

2,218,319

 

$

2,620,021

 

$

3,371,014

 

$

2,620,021

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

76,572

 

107,165

 

76,572

 

102,814

 

125,849

 

102,814

 

Total

 

$

2,294,891

 

$

3,198,021

 

$

2,294,891

 

$

2,722,835

 

$

3,496,863

 

$

2,722,835

 

 


(1)

Excludes REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans of $9.8 million and $10.8 million as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

As of June 30, 2009, twenty-five of our residential mortgage loans with an outstanding balance of $9.8 million were REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans. As of December 31, 2008, thirty-three of our residential mortgage loans owned by us with an outstanding balance of $10.8 million were REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans.

 

The following table summarizes the delinquency statistics of our residential mortgage loans, excluding REOs, as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (dollar amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

Delinquency Status

 

Number
of Loans

 

Principal
Amount

 

Number
of Loans

 

Principal
Amount

 

30 to 59 days

 

71

 

$

26,766

 

93

 

$

37,282

 

60 to 89 days

 

36

 

15,692

 

41

 

15,654

 

90 days or more

 

116

 

44,770

 

76

 

29,803

 

In foreclosure

 

120

 

48,519

 

67

 

22,841

 

Total

 

343

 

$

135,747

 

277

 

$

105,580

 

 

Portfolio Purchases

 

We purchased $0.4 billion and $0.7 billion par amount of investments during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, as compared to $0.6 billion and $1.3 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.

 

The table below summarizes our investment portfolio purchases for the periods indicated and includes the par amount of the securities and loans that were purchased:

 

Investment Portfolio Purchases

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Three months ended
June 30, 2009

 

Three months ended
June 30, 2008

 

Six months ended
June 30, 2009

 

Six months ended
June 30, 2008

 

 

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

$

41,000

 

11.5

%

$

83,747

 

14.8

%

$

42,563

 

6.4

%

$

126,747

 

9.7

%

Marketable Equity Securities

 

 

 

4,969

 

0.9

 

 

 

6,496

 

0.5

 

Total Securities Principal Balance

 

41,000

 

11.5

 

88,716

 

15.7

 

42,563

 

6.4

 

133,243

 

10.2

 

Loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Loans

 

314,592

 

88.5

 

476,680

 

84.3

 

624,218

 

93.6

 

1,171,253

 

89.8

 

Grand Total Principal Balance

 

$

355,592

 

100.0

%

$

565,396

 

100.0

%

$

666,781

 

100.0

%

$

1,304,496

 

100.0

%

 

46



 

The schedule above excludes purchases of securities sold, not yet purchased, with a par amount of nil and $27.2 million as of June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

Shareholders’ Equity

 

Our shareholders’ equity at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 totaled $899.6 million and $663.3 million, respectively. Included in our shareholders’ equity as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 is accumulated other comprehensive loss totaling $49.2 million and $268.8 million, respectively.

 

Our average shareholders’ equity and return on average shareholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 were $823.5 million and 10.0% and $757.9 million and 2.0%, respectively.  Our average shareholders’ equity and return on average shareholders’ equity and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, were $1.9 billion and 8.0% and $1.7 billion and 6.0%, respectively. Return on average shareholders’ equity is defined as net income divided by weighted average shareholders’ equity.

 

Our book value per share as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was $5.69 and $4.40, respectively, and is computed based on 158,139,238 and 150,881,500 shares issued and outstanding as June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We actively manage our liquidity position with the objective of preserving our ability to fund our operations and fulfill our commitments on a timely and cost-effective basis. As of June 30, 2009, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents totaling $114.4 million.

 

The majority of our investments are held in Cash Flow CLOs (CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1 and CLO 2007-A). Accordingly, the majority of our cash flows have historically been received from our investments in the mezzanine and subordinated notes of our Cash Flow CLOs. Current market economic conditions have had a material adverse impact on our cash flows and liquidity. During the quarter ended June 30, 2009, certain of our Cash Flow CLOs were out of compliance with certain compliance tests (specifically, OC Tests) outlined in their respective indentures and as a result, the cash flows we would generally expect to receive from our Cash Flow CLO holdings was paid to the senior note holders of the Cash Flow CLOs that were out of compliance with their respective OC Tests. Based on current market conditions, most notably the credit ratings of certain investments held in our Cash Flow CLOs and their related market values, we expect that certain of our Cash Flow CLOs will be out of compliance with their respective OC Tests during the remainder of 2009 and as a result, we expect that the cash flows that we would generally expect to receive will be used to reduce the principal balances of the senior notes issued by certain of our Cash Flow CLOs.

 

On July 10, 2009, we undertook certain actions with respect to CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2 and CLO 2006-1 that are expected to have a positive cash flow impact for us. Specifically, we surrendered for cancellation, without consideration, approximately $298.4 million in aggregate of mezzanine notes and junior notes issued to us by these three CLO transactions. The Surrendered Notes were promptly cancelled upon receipt by the trustee of each transaction and the related debt was extinguished by the issuers thereof. We believe that this transaction brings the OC Tests for these three CLOs into compliance as of the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, enabling the mezzanine and subordinated note holders, including us, to resume receiving cash flows from these transactions during the period when the OC Tests remain in compliance.

 

In addition to our Cash Flow CLOs, a portion of our assets were previously held in Wayzata, a market value CLO transaction. On March 31, 2009, we completed the restructuring of Wayzata and replaced it with CLO 2009-1. As a result of the restructuring, substantially all of Wayzata’s assets were transferred to CLO 2009-1, a newly formed special purpose company, which issued $560.8 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes due April 2017 and $154.3 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due April 2017 to the existing Wayzata note holders in exchange for cancellation of the Wayzata notes, due November 2012, previously held by each of them. CLO 2009-1 was structured as a cash flow transaction and does not contain the market value provisions contained in Wayzata. The portfolio manager of CLO 2009-1 is an affiliate of our Manager. The notes issued by CLO 2009-1 are secured by the same collateral that secured the Wayzata notes, consisting primarily of senior secured leveraged loans. As was the case with Wayzata, at the time of the restructuring, we and an affiliate of our Manager owned all of the subordinated notes issued by CLO 2009-1.

 

47



 

During June 2009, we paid down the senior notes issued by CLO 2009-1 by $516.4 million and on July 24, 2009, we retired the remaining balance of $44.4 million of outstanding senior notes. Prior to the retirement of the senior notes, an affiliate of ours held a 20% interest in the subordinated notes issued by CLO 2009-1.  As part of the deleveraging of CLO 2009-1, the subordinated notes in CLO 2009-1 held by our affiliate were retired in exchange for a 20% interest in each of CLO 2009-1’s assets which remained following the deleveraging.

 

Following the deleveraging transaction and the distribution of assets to our affiliate, we now hold the residual assets of CLO 2009-1, which consist of approximately $317.4 million par amount of corporate debt investments with an estimated fair value as of June 30, 2009 of $242.4 million and approximately $14.9 million of cash and receivables. As a result of this transaction, we will receive all cash flows generated by the $317.4 million par amount of investments on a prospective basis.

 

We closely monitor our liquidity position and believe we have sufficient liquidity and access to liquidity to meet our financial obligations for at least the next 12 months.

 

Sources of Funds

 

Cash Flow CLO Transactions

 

As of June 30, 2009, we had six CLO transactions outstanding, CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and CLO 2009-1. An affiliate of our Manager owns a 37% interest in the junior notes of both CLO 2007-1 and CLO 2007-A, and a 20% interest in the subordinated notes of CLO 2009-1. The aggregate carrying amount of the junior notes in CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and CLO 2009-1 held by the affiliate of our Manager is $632.5 million as of June 30, 2009, which is reflected as collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. In accordance with GAAP, we consolidate each of these CLO transactions. We utilize CLOs to fund our investments in corporate loans and corporate debt securities. The indentures governing our Cash Flow CLOs include numerous compliance tests, the majority of which relate to the CLO’s portfolio profile. In the event that a portfolio profile test is not met, the indenture places restrictions on the ability of the CLO’s manager to reinvest available principal proceeds generated by the collateral in the CLOs until the specific test has been cured. In addition to the portfolio profile tests, the indentures for the CLO transactions include OC Tests which set the ratio of the collateral value of the assets in the CLO to the tranches of debt for which the test is being measured, as well as interest coverage tests. For purposes of the calculation, collateral value is the par value of the assets unless an asset is in default, is a discounted obligation, or is a CCC-rated asset in excess of the percentage of CCC-rated asset limit specified for each CLO transaction.

 

If an asset is in default, the indenture for each Cash Flow CLO transaction defines the value used to determine the collateral value, which value is generally the lower of market value of the asset or the recovery value proscribed for the asset based on its type and rating by Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s.

 

A discount obligation is an asset with a purchase price of less than a particular percentage of par. The discount obligation amounts are specified in each Cash Flow CLO transaction and are generally set at a purchase price of less than 80% of par for corporate loans and 75% of par for corporate debt securities.

 

The indenture for each Cash Flow CLO transaction specifies a CCC-threshold for the percentage of total assets in the CLO that can be rated CCC. All assets in excess of the CCC threshold specified for the respective CLO are included in the OC Tests at market value and not par.

 

Defaults of assets in Cash Flow CLOs, ratings downgrade of assets in Cash Flow CLOs to CCC, price declines of CCC assets in excess of the proscribed CCC threshold amount, and price declines in assets classified as discount obligations may reduce the OC ratio such that a Cash Flow CLO is not in compliance. If a Cash Flow CLO is not in compliance with an OC Test, cash flows normally payable to the holders of junior classes of notes will be used by the CLO to amortize the most senior class of notes until such point as the OC Test is brought back into compliance. Declines in asset prices, particularly in the corporate loan and high yield securities asset classes during the fourth quarter of 2008, have been of a historic magnitude and have therefore increased the risk of failing the OC Tests on all CLO transactions. Accordingly, we expect that one or more of our CLO transactions will be out of compliance with the OC Tests for periods of time. While being out of compliance with an OC Test would not impact our investment portfolio or results of operations, it would impact our unrestricted cash flows available for operations, new investments and dividend distributions. As of the date we filed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we believe that we are or will be failing one or more of the OC Tests for certain of our Cash Flow CLO transactions.

 

48



 

The following table summarizes several of the material tests and metrics for each of our Cash Flow CLOs. This information is based on the June 2009 monthly reports which are prepared by the independent third-party trustee for each Cash Flow CLO transaction:

 

·                   Investments: The par value of the investments in each CLO plus principal cash in the CLO.

 

·                   Senior interest coverage (“IC”) ratio minimum: Minimum required ratio of interest income earned on investments to interest expense on the senior debt issued by the CLO per the respective CLO’s indenture.

 

·                   Actual senior IC ratio: The ratio is interest income earned on the investments divided by interest expense on the senior debt issued by the CLO.

 

·                   CCC amount: The par amount of assets rated CCC or below (excluding defaults, if any).

 

·                   CCC threshold percentage: Maximum amount of assets in portfolio that are rated CCC without being subject to being valued at fair value for purposes of the OC Tests.

 

·                   Senior OC Test minimum: Minimum senior OC requirement per the respective CLO’s indenture.

 

·                   Actual senior OC Test: Actual senior OC amount as of the report date.

 

·                   Actual cushion / (excess): Dollar amount that OC test is being passed, cushion, or failed (excess).

 

·                   Subordinated OC Test minimum: Minimum subordinated OC requirement per the respective CLO’s indenture.

 

·                   Actual subordinated OC Test: Actual subordinated OC amount as of the report date.

 

·                   Subordinated cushion / (excess): Dollar amount that the OC Test is being passed, cushion, or failed (excess).

 

(dollar amounts in thousands)

 

CLO 2005-1

 

CLO 2005-2

 

CLO 2006-1

 

CLO 2007-1

 

CLO 2007-A

 

Investments

 

$

1,047,041

 

$

982,748

 

$

1,005,862

 

$

3,471,652

 

$

1,534,431

 

Senior IC ratio minimum

 

115.0

%

125.0

%

115.0

%

115.0

%

120.0

%

Actual senior IC ratio

 

344.8

%

340.9

%

302.2

%

254.6

%

276.5

%

CCC amount

 

$

78,599

 

$

89,888

 

$

183,048

 

$

661,687

 

$

279,786

 

CCC percentage of portfolio

 

7.5

%

9.2

%

18.2

%

19.1

%

18.2

%

CCC threshold percentage

 

5.0

%

7.5

%

7.5

%

7.5

%

7.5

%

Senior OC Test minimum

 

119.4

%

123.0

%

143.1

%

159.1

%

119.7

%

Actual senior OC Test

 

124.3

%

127.5

%

140.4

%

146.1

%

119.8

%

Cushion / (Excess)

 

$

37,954

 

$

33,211

 

$

(16,218

)

$

(251,069

)

$

1,621

 

Subordinated OC Test minimum

 

106.2

%

106.9

%

114.0

%

120.1

%

109.9

%

Actual OC Test

 

104.9

%

105.1

%

104.8

%

103.4

%

103.7

%

Cushion / (Excess)

 

$

(11,816

)

$

(16,038

)

$

(75,015

)

$

(458,072

)

$

(81,805

)

 

As reflected in the table above, each of our cash flow CLO transactions is in compliance with its respective IC ratio tests based on the June 2009 monthly reports for the respective CLOs. Based on the June 2009 monthly reports, CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2 and CLO 2007-A are in compliance with their respective senior OC Tests and none of the CLOs are in compliance with their respective subordinated OC Tests.

 

The indenture governing CLO 2009-1 does not contain the portfolio and coverage tests that apply to the Cash Flow CLOs. This is due to CLO 2009-1 having a turbo amortization feature whereby all principal and interest cash flows are paid to the senior note holders prior to the subordinated note holders receiving any cash payments.

 

49



 

Senior Secured Asset-Based Revolving Credit Facility

 

On August 5, 2009, we entered into an agreement with our lenders to amend the terms of our senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility. Among other things, the amendment provides that: (i) the size of the facility be reduced to $200.0 million from $300.0 million, (ii) the lending commitments of the lenders to this facility be modified to provide for quarterly amortization of $12.5 million per quarter until the size of the facility has been reduced to $150 million on June 30, 2010, (iii) the interest rate applicable to borrowings under the facility be increased from LIBOR plus 300 basis points to LIBOR plus 400 basis points, (iv) the adjusted tangible net worth covenant be reduced to $700.0 million from $1.0 billion, (v) the maturity date of the borrowings under the facility be extended to November 10, 2011, and (vi) certain events of default under the Credit Agreement be added. The amendment also provides that the we can (i) pay a yearly distribution to our shareholders in an amount equal to no greater than 50% of our taxable income for such year and (ii) use up to $50 million of our unrestricted cash to repurchase our convertible notes due July 2012 and/or our outstanding trust preferred securities. In conjunction with this amendment, we paid the lenders to our credit facility fees totaling $4.5 million.

 

As of June 30, 2009 we had borrowings outstanding under the Facility totaling $256.6 million. In conjunction with the amendment to this facility on August 5, 2009, we paid down the outstanding balance of borrowings under this facility to $200.0 million.

 

Standby Revolving Credit Facility

 

On November 10, 2008, the Borrowers entered into an agreement for a two-year $100.0 million standby unsecured revolving credit agreement (the “Standby Agreement”) with our Manager and Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC, the parent of our Manager. The borrowing facility matures in December 2010 and bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR for an interest period of 1, 2 or 3 months (at our option) plus 15.00% per annum. Under the terms of the agreement, we can elect to capitalize a portion of accrued interest on any loan under the agreement by adding up to 80% of the interest due and payable at a particular time in respect of such loan to the outstanding principal amount of the loan. The Borrowers have the right to prepay loans under the Standby Agreement in whole or in part at any time. The Standby Agreement includes covenants, representations, warranties, indemnities and events of default that are customary for facilities of this type.

 

No borrowings were outstanding under the Standby Agreement as of June 30, 2009.

 

Convertible Debt

 

During June 2009, we completed two transactions to exchange a total of $15.7 million par value of convertible notes for 7.2 million of the Company’s common shares. As a result of these transactions, we recorded a gain of $6.9 million, or approximately $0.05 per diluted common share, which was partially offset by a write-off of $0.1 million of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.4 million of other associated costs.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

 

As of June 30, 2009, we had committed to purchase corporate loans with aggregate commitments totaling $51.0 million. This amount reflects unsettled trades as of June 30, 2009.

 

We participate in certain financing arrangements, including revolvers and delayed draw facilities, whereby we are committed to provide funding at the discretion of the borrower up to a specific predetermined amount. As of June 30, 2009, we had unfunded financing commitments totaling $47.2 million.

 

50



 

Partnership Tax Matters

 

Non-Cash “Phantom” Taxable Income

 

We intend to continue to operate so that we qualify, for United States federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. Holders of our shares are subject to United States federal income taxation and, in some cases, state, local and foreign income taxation, on their allocable share of our taxable income, regardless of whether or when they receive cash distributions. In addition, certain of our investments, including investments in foreign corporate subsidiaries, CLO issuers, including those treated as partnerships or disregarded entities for United States federal income tax purposes, and debt securities, may produce taxable income without corresponding distributions of cash to us or may produce taxable income prior to or following the receipt of cash relating to such income. Consequently, in some taxable years, holders of our shares may recognize taxable income in excess of our cash distributions. Furthermore, if we did not pay cash distributions with respect to a taxable year, holders of our shares may still have a tax liability attributable to their allocation of taxable income from us during such year.

 

Qualifying Income Exception

 

We intend to continue to operate so that we qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation, for United States federal income tax purposes. In general, if a partnership is “publicly traded” (as defined in the Code), it will be treated as a corporation for United States federal income purposes. A publicly traded partnership will, however, be taxed as a partnership, and not as a corporation, for United States federal income tax purposes, so long as it is not required to register under the Investment Company Act and at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year constitutes “qualifying income” within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Code. We refer to this exception as the “qualifying income exception.” Qualifying income generally includes rents, dividends, interest (to the extent such interest is neither derived from the “conduct of a financial or insurance business” nor based, directly or indirectly, upon “income or profits” of any person), and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of stocks, bonds and real property. Qualifying income also includes other income derived from the business of investing in, among other things, stocks and securities.

 

If we fail to satisfy the “qualifying income exception” described above, items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit would not pass through to holders of our shares and such holders would be treated for United States federal (and certain state and local) income tax purposes as shareholders in a corporation. In such case, we would be required to pay income tax at regular corporate rates on all of our income. In addition, we would likely be liable for state and local income and/or franchise taxes on all of our income. Distributions to holders of our shares would constitute ordinary dividend income taxable to such holders to the extent of our earnings and profits, and these distributions would not be deductible by us. If we were taxable as a corporation, it could result in a material reduction in cash flow and after-tax return for holders of our shares and thus could result in a substantial reduction in the value of our shares and any other securities we may issue.

 

Our 1940 Act Status

 

We are organized as a holding company that conducts its operations primarily through majority-owned subsidiaries and we intend to continue to conduct our operations so that we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the 1940 Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire “investment securities” (within the meaning of the 1940 Act) having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis (the “40% test”). Excluded from the term “investment securities” are, among others, securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries unless the subsidiary is an investment company or relies on the exceptions from the definition of an investment company provided by Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act (a “fund”). The 1940 Act defines a “majority-owned subsidiary” of a person as any company 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities ( i.e. , those securities presently entitling the holder thereof to vote for the election of directors of the company) of which are owned by that person, or by another company that is, itself, a majority-owned subsidiary of that person. We are responsible for determining whether any of our subsidiaries is majority-owned. We treat subsidiaries in which we own at least 50% of the outstanding voting securities, including those that issue collateralized loan obligations or “CLOs”, as majority-owned for purposes of the 40% test.

 

51



 

We monitor our holdings regularly to confirm our continued compliance with the 40% test. Some of our subsidiaries may rely solely on Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act. In order for us to satisfy the 40% test, securities issued to us by those subsidiaries or any of our subsidiaries that are not majority-owned, together with any other “investment securities” that we may own, may not have a combined value in excess of 40% of the value of our total assets on an unconsolidated basis and exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items. However, most of our subsidiaries rely on exceptions provided by provisions of, and rules and regulations promulgated under, the 1940 Act (other than Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act) to avoid being defined and regulated as an investment company. In order to conform to these exceptions, our subsidiaries may be limited with respect to the assets in which each of them can invest and/or the types of securities each of them may issue. We must, therefore, monitor each subsidiary’s compliance with its applicable exception and our freedom of action, and that of our subsidiaries, may be limited as a result. For example, our subsidiaries that issue CLOs generally rely on Rule 3a-7 under the 1940 Act, while KKR Financial Holdings II, LLC, or “KFH II,” our subsidiary that is taxed as a real estate investment trust or “REIT,” for United States federal income tax purposes, generally relies on Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act. Each of these exceptions requires, among other things that the subsidiary (i) not issue redeemable securities and (ii) engage in the business of holding certain types of assets, consistent with the terms of the exception. We do not treat our interests in majority-owned subsidiaries that rely on Section 3(c)(5)(C) of, or Rule 3a-7 under, the 1940 Act as investment securities when calculating our 40% test.

 

We sometimes refer to our subsidiaries that rely on Rule 3a-7 under the 1940 Act as “CLO subsidiaries.” Rule 3a-7 under the 1940 Act is available to certain structured financing vehicles that are engaged in the business of holding financial assets that, by their terms, convert into cash within a finite time period and that issue fixed income securities entitling holders to receive payments that depend primarily on the cash flows from these assets, provided that, among other things, the structured finance vehicle does not engage in certain portfolio management practices resembling those employed by mutual funds. Accordingly, each of these CLO subsidiaries is subject to an indenture (or similar transaction documents) that contains specific guidelines and restrictions limiting the discretion of the CLO subsidiary and its collateral manager. In particular, these guidelines and restrictions prohibit the CLO subsidiary from acquiring and disposing of assets primarily for the purpose of recognizing gains or decreasing losses resulting from market value changes. Thus, a CLO subsidiary cannot acquire or dispose of assets primarily to enhance returns to the owner of the equity in the CLO subsidiary; however, subject to this limitation, sales and purchases of assets may be made so long as doing so does not violate guidelines contained in the CLO subsidiary’s relevant transaction documents. A CLO subsidiary generally can, for example, sell an asset if the collateral manager believes that its credit quality has declined since its acquisition or that the credit profile of the obligor will deteriorate and the proceeds of permitted dispositions may be reinvested in additional collateral, subject to fulfilling the requirements set forth in Rule 3a-7 under the 1940 Act and the CLO subsidiary’s relevant transaction documents. As a result of these restrictions, our CLO subsidiaries may suffer losses on their assets and we may suffer losses on our investments in those CLO subsidiaries.

 

We sometimes refer to KFH II, our subsidiary that relies on Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act, as our “REIT subsidiary.” Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act is available to companies that are primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate. While the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not promulgated rules to address precisely what is required for a company to be considered to be “primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate,” the SEC’s Division of Investment Management, or the “Division,” has taken the position, through a series of no-action and interpretive letters, that a company may rely on Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act if, among other things, at least 55% of the company’s assets consist of mortgage loans and other assets that are considered the functional equivalent of mortgage loans (collectively, “qualifying real estate assets”), and at least 25% of the company’s assets consist of real estate-related assets (reduced by the excess of the company’s qualifying real estate assets over the required 55%), leaving no more than 20% of the company’s assets to be invested in miscellaneous assets. The Division has also provided guidance as to the types of assets that can be considered qualifying real estate assets. Because the Division’s interpretive letters are not binding except as they relate to the companies to whom they are addressed, if the Division were to change its position as to, among other things, what assets might constitute qualifying real estate assets our REIT subsidiary might be required to change its investment strategy to comply with the changed position. We cannot predict whether such a change would be adverse.

 

Based on current guidance, our REIT subsidiary classifies investments in mortgage loans as qualifying real estate assets, as long as the loans are “fully secured” by an interest in real estate on which we retain the right to foreclose. That is, if the loan-to-value ratio of the loan is equal to or less than 100%, then the mortgage loan is considered to be a qualifying real estate asset. Mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios in excess of 100% are considered to be only real estate-related assets. Our REIT subsidiary considers agency whole pool certificates to be qualifying real estate assets. Examples of agencies that issue whole pool certificates are the Federal National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and the Government National Mortgage Association. An agency whole pool certificate is a certificate issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. government or by a federally chartered entity, that represents the entire beneficial interest in the underlying pool of mortgage loans. By contrast, an agency certificate that represents less than the entire beneficial interest in the underlying mortgage loans is not considered to be a qualifying real estate asset, but is considered to be a real estate-related asset.

 

52



 

Most non-agency mortgage-backed securities do not constitute qualifying real estate assets, because they represent less than the entire beneficial interest in the related pool of mortgage loans; however, based on Division guidance where our REIT subsidiary’s investment in non-agency mortgage- backed securities is the “functional equivalent” of owning the underlying mortgage loans, our REIT subsidiary may treat those securities as qualifying real estate assets. Moreover, investments in mortgage-backed securities that do not constitute qualifying real estate assets will be classified as real estate- related assets. Therefore, based upon the specific terms and circumstances related to each non-agency mortgage-backed security that our REIT subsidiary owns, our REIT subsidiary will make a determination of whether that security should be classified as a qualifying real estate asset or as a real estate- related asset; and there may be instances where a security is recharacterized from being a qualifying real estate asset to a real estate-related asset, or conversely, from being a real estate-related asset to being a qualifying real estate asset based upon the acquisition or disposition or redemption of related classes of securities from the same securitization trust. If our REIT subsidiary acquires securities that, collectively, receive all of the principal and interest paid on the related pool of underlying mortgage loans (less fees, such as servicing and trustee fees, and expenses of the securitization), and that subsidiary has foreclosure rights with respect to those mortgage loans, then our REIT subsidiary will consider those securities, collectively, to be qualifying real estate assets. If another entity acquires any of the securities that are expected to receive cash flow from the underlying mortgage loans, then our REIT subsidiary will consider whether it has appropriate foreclosure rights with respect to the underlying loans and whether its investment is a first loss position in deciding whether these securities should be classified as qualifying real estate assets. If our REIT subsidiary owns more than one subordinate class, then, to determine the classification of subordinate classes other than the first loss class, our REIT subsidiary will consider whether such classes are contiguous with the first loss class (with no other classes absorbing losses after the first loss class and before any other subordinate classes that our REIT subsidiary owns), whether our REIT subsidiary owns the entire amount of each such class and whether our REIT subsidiary would continue to have appropriate foreclosure rights in connection with each such class if the more subordinate classes were no longer outstanding. If the answers to any of these questions is no, then our REIT subsidiary would expect not to classify that particular class, or classes senior to that class, as qualifying real estate assets.

 

As noted above, if the combined values of the investment securities issued by our subsidiaries that must rely on Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act, together with any other investment securities we may own, exceeds 40% of the value of our total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, we may be deemed to be an investment company. If we fail to maintain an exception, exemption or other exclusion from the 1940 Act, we could, among other things, be required either (i) to change substantially the manner in which we conduct our operations to avoid being subject to the 1940 Act or (ii) to register as an investment company. Either of these would likely have a material adverse effect on us, our ability to service our indebtedness and to make distributions on our shares, and on the market price of our shares and any other securities we may issue. If we were required to register as an investment company under the 1940 Act, we would become subject to substantial regulation with respect to our capital structure (including our ability to use leverage), management, operations, transactions with certain affiliated persons (within the meaning of the 1940 Act), portfolio composition (including restrictions with respect to diversification and industry concentration) and other matters. Additionally, our Manager would have the right to terminate our management agreement. Moreover, if we were required to register as an investment company, we would no longer be eligible to be treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes. Instead, we would be classified as a corporation for tax purposes and would be able to avoid corporate taxation only to the extent that we were able to elect and qualify as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under applicable tax rules. Because our eligibility for RIC status would depend on our investments and sources of income at the time that we were required to register as an investment company, there can be no assurance that we would be able to qualify as a RIC. If we were to lose partnership status and fail to qualify as a RIC, we would be taxed as a regular corporation. See “Partnership Tax Matters— Qualifying Income Exception .”

 

We have not requested approval or guidance from the SEC or its staff with respect to our 1940 Act determinations, including, in particular: our treatment of any subsidiary as majority-owned; the compliance of any subsidiary with Section 3(c)(5)(C) of, or Rule 3a-7 under, the 1940 Act, including any subsidiary’s determinations with respect to the consistency of its assets or operations with the requirements thereof; or whether our investments in one or more subsidiaries constitute investment securities for purposes of the 40% test. If the SEC were to disagree with our treatment of one or more subsidiaries as being excepted from the 1940 Act pursuant to Rule 3a-7 or Section 3(c)(5)(C), or with our determination that one or more of our other investments do not constitute investment securities for purposes of the 40% test, we and/or one or more of our subsidiaries would need to adjust our investment strategies or investments in order for us to continue to pass the 40% test or register as an investment company, which could have a material adverse effect on us. Moreover, we may be required to adjust our investment strategy and investments if the SEC or its staff provides more specific or different guidance regarding the application of relevant provisions of, and rules under, the 1940 Act. Such guidance could provide additional flexibility, or it could further inhibit our ability, or the ability of a subsidiary, to pursue a chosen investment strategy, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

 

53



 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

Currency Risks

 

From time to time, we may make investments that are denominated in a foreign currency through which we may be subject to foreign currency exchange risk.

 

Liquidity Risk

 

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that we will be unable to fulfill our obligations on a timely basis, continuously borrow funds in the market on a cost-effective basis to fund actual or proposed commitments, or liquidate assets when needed at a reasonable price.

 

A material event that impacts capital markets participants may impair our ability to access additional liquidity. If our cash resources are at any time insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may have to sell assets or issue debt or additional equity securities.

 

Our ability to meet our long-term liquidity and capital resource requirements may be subject to our ability to obtain additional debt financing and equity capital. We may increase our capital resources through offerings of equity securities (possibly including common shares and one or more classes of preferred shares), securitization transactions structured as secured financings, and senior or subordinated notes. If we are unable to renew, replace or expand our sources of financing on acceptable terms, it may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to shareholders. Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive, and any holders of preferred shares that we may issue in the future may receive, a distribution of our available assets prior to holders of our common shares. The decisions by investors and lenders to enter into equity, and financing transactions with us will depend upon a number of factors, including our historical and projected financial performance, compliance with the terms of our current credit arrangements, industry and market trends, the availability of capital and our investors’ and lenders’ policies and rates applicable thereto, and the relative attractiveness of alternative investment or lending opportunities.

 

We have established a formal liquidity contingency plan which provides guidelines for liquidity management. We determine our current liquidity position and forecast liquidity based on anticipated changes in the balance sheet. We also stress test our liquidity position under several different stress scenarios. A stress test aims at capturing the impact of extreme (but rare) market rate changes on the market value of equity and net interest income. This scenario is applied on a daily basis to our balance sheet and the resulting loss in cash is evaluated. Besides providing a measure of the potential loss under the extreme scenario, this technique enables us to identify the nature of the changes in market risk factors to which it is the most sensitive, allowing us to take appropriate action to address those risk factors. A decrease in the fair value of our investments held through total rate of return swaps would result in us posting additional collateral. Conversely, an increase in the fair value of these swaps would result in us receiving a portion of the previously posted collateral.

 

The table below summarizes the potential impact on our liquidity position under different stress scenarios as applied to our investments held through total rate of return swap agreements (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Impact on liquidity due to (decrease) increase in fair value of investments

 

 

 

-10.0%

 

-7.5%

 

-5.0%

 

-2.5%

 

0.0%

 

2.5%

 

5.0%

 

7.5%

 

10.0%

 

Total rate of return swaps

 

$

(7,189

)

$

(5,392

)

$

(3,594

)

$

(1,797

)

$

 

$

1,797

 

$

3,594

 

$

5,392

 

$

7,189

 

 

As discussed above in “Liquidity and Capital Resources,” current market conditions have had a material adverse impact on our cash flows from CLOs as a result of our CLOs being out of compliance with their OC Tests. However, based on our current liquidity and access to liquidity, we believe that we are able to meet our obligations for at least the next 12 months. As of June 30, 2009, we had unencumbered cash and cash equivalents totaling $114.4 million.

 

Credit Spread Exposure

 

Our investments are subject to spread risk. Our investments in floating rate loans and securities are valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and for which the value is affected by changes in the market credit spreads over LIBOR. Our investments in fixed rate loans and securities are valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable on fixed rate United States Treasuries of like maturity. Increased credit spreads, or credit spread widening, will have an adverse impact on the value of our investments while decreased credit spreads, or credit spread tightening, will have a positive impact on the value of our investments.

 

54



 

Derivative Risk

 

Derivative transactions, including engaging in swaps and foreign currency transactions, are subject to certain risks. There is no guarantee that a company can eliminate its exposure under an outstanding swap agreement by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same or another party. Also, there is a possibility of default of the other party to the transaction or illiquidity of the derivative instrument. Furthermore, the ability to successfully use derivative transactions depends on the ability to predict market movements which cannot be guaranteed. As such, participation in derivative instruments may result in greater losses as we would have to sell or purchase an investment at inopportune times for prices other than current market prices or may force us to hold an asset we might otherwise have sold. In addition, as certain derivative instruments are unregulated, they are difficult to value and are therefore susceptible to liquidity and credit risks.

 

Collateral posting requirements are individually negotiated between counterparties and there is no regulatory requirement concerning the amount of collateral that a counterparty must post to secure its obligations under certain derivative instruments. Because they are unregulated, there is no requirement that parties to a contract be informed in advance when a credit default swap is sold. As a result, investors may have difficulty identifying the party responsible for payment of their claims. If a counterparty’s credit becomes significantly impaired, multiple requests for collateral posting in a short period of time could increase the risk that we may not receive adequate collateral. Amounts paid by us as premiums and cash or other assets held in margin accounts with respect to derivative instruments are not available for investment purposes.

 

Counterparty Risk

 

We have credit risks that are generally related to the counterparties with which we do business. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt, or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, we may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. These risks of non-performance may differ from risks associated with exchange-traded transactions which are typically backed by guarantees and have daily marks-to-market and settlement positions. Transactions entered into directly between parties do not benefit from such protections and thus, are subject to counterparty default. It may be the case where any cash or collateral we pledged to the counterparty may be unrecoverable and we may be forced to unwind our derivative agreements at a loss. We may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances, thereby reducing liquidity and earnings.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

Interest rate risk is defined as the sensitivity of our current and future earnings to interest rate volatility, variability of spread relationships, the difference in repricing intervals between our assets and liabilities and the effect that interest rates may have on our cash flows and the prepayment rates experienced on our investments that have embedded borrower optionality. The objective of interest rate risk management is to achieve earnings, preserve capital and achieve liquidity by minimizing the negative impacts of changing interest rates, asset and liability mix, and prepayment activity.

 

We are exposed to basis risk between our investments and our borrowings. Interest rates on our floating rate investments and our variable rate borrowings do not reset on the same day or with the same frequency and, as a result, we are exposed to basis risk with respect to index reset frequency. Our floating rate investments may reprice on indices that are different than the indices that are used to price our variable rate borrowings and, as a result, we are exposed to basis risk with respect to repricing index. The basis risks noted above, in addition to other forms of basis risk that exist between our investments and borrowings, may be material and could negatively impact future net interest margins.

 

Interest rate risk impacts our interest income, interest expense, prepayments, and the fair value of our investments, interest rate derivatives, and liabilities. We manage our interest rate risk using various techniques ranging from the purchase of floating rate investments to the use of interest rate derivatives. We generally fund our variable rate investments with variable rate borrowings with similar interest rate reset frequencies.

 

55



 

The following table summarizes the estimated net fair value of our derivative instruments held at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

Derivative Fair Value

 

 

 

As of
June 30, 2009

 

As of
December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Cash Flow Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

$

383,333

 

$

(46,313

)

$

383,333

 

$

(77,668

)

Fair Value Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

32,000

 

(2,654

)

32,000

 

(2,915

)

Free-Standing Derivatives:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

115,434

 

1,072

 

106,074

 

274

 

Credit default swaps—long

 

51,000

 

(4,292

)

53,500

 

(9,782

)

Credit default swaps—short

 

 

 

222,650

 

69,972

 

Total rate of return swaps

 

136,132

 

5,015

 

207,524

 

(77,224

)

Total

 

$

717,899

 

$

(47,172

)

$

1,005,081

 

$

(97,343

)

 

Item 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

See discussion of quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

Item 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

The Company’s management evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of June 30, 2009. Based on their evaluation, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2009 were designed and were functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

 

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the three and six months ending June 30, 2009, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

 

We have been named as a party in various legal actions which include the matters described below. We have denied, or believe we have a meritorious defense and will deny liability in the significant cases pending against us discussed below. Based on current discussion and consultation with counsel, we believe that the resolution of these matters will not have a material impact on our financial condition or cash flow.

 

On August 7, 2008, the members of our board of directors and certain of our current and former executive officers and we were named in a putative class action complaint filed by Charter Township of Clinton Police and Fire Retirement System in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Charter Litigation”). On March 13, 2009, the lead plaintiff filed an Amended Complaint, which deleted as defendants the members of our board of directors and named as individual defendants only our former chief executive officer Saturnino S. Fanlo, our former chief operating officer David A. Netjes, and our current chief financial officer Jeffrey B. Van Horn (the “Individual Defendants,” and, together with the Company, “Defendants”). The Amended Complaint alleges that our April 2, 2007 registration statement and prospectus and the financial statements incorporated therein contained material omissions in violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), regarding the risks and potential losses associated with our real estate-related assets, our ability to finance our real estate-related assets, and the adequacy of our loss reserves for our real estate-related assets (the “alleged Section 11 violation”). The Amended Complaint further alleges that, pursuant to Section 15 of the 1933 Act, the Individual Defendants have legal responsibility for the alleged Section 11 violation.  On April 27, 2009, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Amended Complaint for failure to state a claim under the 1933 Act.

 

56



 

On August 15, 2008, the members of our board of directors and our executive officers (the “Kostecka Individual Defendants”) were named in a shareholder derivative action brought by Raymond W. Kostecka, a purported shareholder, in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco (the “California Derivative Action”). We are named as a nominal defendant. The complaint in the California Derivative Action asserts claims against the Kostecka Individual Defendants for breaches of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment in connection with the conduct at issue in the Charter Litigation, including the filing of the April 2, 2007 Registration Statement with alleged material misstatements and omissions. By order dated January 8, 2009, the Court approved the parties’ stipulation to stay the proceedings in the California Derivative Action until the Charter Litigation is dismissed on the pleadings or we file an answer to the Charter Litigation.

 

On March 23, 2009, the members of our board of directors and certain of our executive officers (the “Haley Individual Defendants”) were named in a shareholder derivative action brought by Paul B. Haley, a purported shareholder, in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “New York Derivative Action”). We are named as a nominal defendant. The complaint in the New York Derivative Action asserts claims against the Haley Individual Defendants for breaches of fiduciary duty, breaches of the duty of full disclosure, and for contribution in connection with the conduct at issue in the Charter Litigation, including the filing of the April 2, 2007 registration statement with alleged material misstatements and omissions. By order dated June 18, 2009, the Court approved the parties’ stipulation to stay the proceedings in the New York Derivative Action until the Charter Litigation is dismissed on the pleadings or we file an answer to the Charter Litigation.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

 

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Item 2 . Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

None.

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

None.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

Our 2009 annual meeting of shareholders was held on May 7, 2009. A total of 134,135,023 of our shares were present or voted by proxy at the meeting. This represented more than 88% of the total number of voting rights outstanding and entitled to vote at the annual meeting. The following matters were voted upon and received the votes as set forth below:

 

1. Shareholders elected twelve directors to one-year terms that will expire at the annual meeting of the shareholders in 2010.  The vote tabulation for individual directors was:

 

DIRECTOR

 

FOR

 

WITHHELD

 

William F. Aldinger

 

128,642,565

 

5,492,456

 

Tracy L. Collins

 

128,809,681

 

5,325,340

 

V. Paul Finigan

 

128,827,695

 

5,307,326

 

Paul M. Hazen

 

128,477,286

 

5,657,735

 

R. Glenn Hubbard

 

128,735,409

 

5,399,612

 

Ross J. Kari

 

128,661,288

 

5,473,733

 

Ely L. Licht

 

127,996,036

 

6,138,985

 

Deborah H. McAneny

 

128,790,222

 

5,344,799

 

Scott C. Nuttall

 

128,736,361

 

5,398,660

 

Scott A. Ryles

 

128,730,904

 

5,404,117

 

William C. Sonneborn

 

128,788,286

 

5,346,735

 

Willy R. Strothotte

 

114,585,564

 

19,549,457

 

 

2. The election of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2009 was ratified with 132,035,199 shares voting for, 1,624,535 shares voting against, 475,286 shares abstaining and no broker nonvotes.

 

3. The amendment of our Amended and Restated Operating Agreement to increase the total number of common shares authorized for issuance to 500,000,000 was ratified with 116,035,371 shares voting for, 17,555,500 shares voting against, 544,146 shares abstaining and no broker nonvotes.

 

57



 

Item 5. Other Information

 

None.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

 

Exhibit
Number

 

Description

 

 

 

3.1

 

Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Registrant, dated May 3, 2007, as amended May 7, 2009

10.1

 

Amendment No. 1, dated August 5, 2009, to the $300 million Credit Agreement dated November 10, 2008 among the Registrant, KKR TRS Holdings, Ltd., KKR Financial Holdings II, LLC, KKR Financial Holdings III, LLC, KKR Financial Holdings, Inc. and KKR Financial Holdings, Ltd., as Borrowers, Bank of America, N.A. as Administrative Agent and a Lender and Citicorp North America, Inc., as a Lender

31.1

 

Chief Executive Officer Certification

31.2

 

Chief Financial Officer Certification

32

 

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

 

58



 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, KKR Financial Holdings LLC has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC

 

 

 

Signature

 

Title

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ WILLIAM C. SONNEBORN

 

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

William C. Sonneborn

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ JEFFREY B. VAN HORN

 

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Jeffrey B. Van Horn

 

 

 

Date: August 6, 2009

 

59


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