UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q/A

(Amendment No. 1)

 

(Mark One)

x

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008

 

or

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from         to         

 

Commission file number: 001-33437

 


 

KKR FINANCIAL HOLDINGS LLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

11-3801844

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

 

 

555 California Street, 50 th  Floor
San Francisco, CA

 

94104

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (415) 315-3620

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x  Yes  o  No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  x

 

Accelerated filer  o

Non-accelerated filer  o

 

Smaller reporting company  o

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). o  Yes  x  No

 

The number of shares of the registrant’s common shares outstanding as of October 21, 2008 was 150,881,500.

 

 

 



 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

 

This Amendment No. 1 (“Amendment”) is being filed solely to amend Item 1 of Part I of KKR Financial Holdings LLC’s (the “Company’s”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2008, originally filed on November 10, 2008 (the “Original Filing”). This Amendment hereby corrects an inadvertent clerical error of certain numbers included in the table showing corporate loans pledged as collateral of Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. The table in the corrected filing reflects the carrying values of corporate loans, at net amortized cost of $8.4 billion, pledged as collateral for borrowings, as of September 30, 2008, instead of estimated fair value of corporate loans of $7.1 billion, as shown in the Original Filing.

 

This Amendment does not affect the condensed consolidated financial statements for any period, except for the table described above. This Form 10-Q/A should be read in conjunction with the Original Filing, continues to speak as of the date of the Original Filing, and does not modify or update disclosures in the Original Filing, except as noted above. Accordingly, this Form 10-Q/A does not reflect events occurring after the filing of the Original Filing or modify or update any related disclosures.

 

3



 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except share information)

 

 

 

As of
September
 30 , 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

196,526

 

$

524,080

 

Restricted cash and cash equivalents

 

855,791

 

1,067,797

 

Securities available-for-sale, $1,008,104 and $1,346,247 pledged as collateral as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively

 

1,023,276

 

1,359,541

 

Corporate loans, net of allowance for loan losses of $35,000 and $25,000 as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively

 

8,458,531

 

8,634,208

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities, at estimated fair value, $71,509 and $117,833 pledged as collateral as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively

 

112,980

 

131,688

 

Residential mortgage loans, at estimated fair value

 

3,054,756

 

3,921,323

 

Corporate loans held for sale

 

28,201

 

 

Derivative assets

 

51,235

 

18,737

 

Interest and principal receivable

 

115,005

 

162,465

 

Non-marketable equity securities

 

17,505

 

20,084

 

Reverse repurchase agreements

 

27,645

 

69,840

 

Other assets

 

75,998

 

86,504

 

Assets of discontinued operations

 

 

3,049,758

 

Total assets

 

$

14,017,449

 

$

19,046,025

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Repurchase agreements

 

$

 

$

2,808,066

 

Collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

7,549,672

 

5,948,610

 

Collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates

 

525,420

 

525,420

 

Secured revolving credit facility

 

378,306

 

167,024

 

Secured demand loan

 

 

24,151

 

Convertible senior notes

 

300,000

 

300,000

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

288,671

 

329,908

 

Subordinated notes to affiliates

 

84,000

 

152,574

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued, at estimated fair value

 

2,868,232

 

3,169,353

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

27,821

 

7,390

 

Accrued interest payable

 

56,901

 

114,035

 

Accrued interest payable to affiliates

 

36,317

 

44,121

 

Related party payable

 

5,071

 

9,694

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

83,507

 

100,394

 

Derivative liabilities

 

82,968

 

56,663

 

Liabilities of discontinued operations

 

 

3,644,083

 

Total liabilities

 

12,286,886

 

17,401,486

 

Shareholders’ Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred shares, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized and none issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007

 

 

 

Common shares, no par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, and 150,881,500 and 115,248,990 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively

 

 

 

Paid-in-capital

 

2,551,634

 

2,167,156

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(377,924

)

(157,245

)

Accumulated deficit

 

(443,147

)

(365,372

)

Total shareholders’ equity

 

1,730,563

 

1,644,539

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

$

14,017,449

 

$

19,046,025

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

4



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands, except per share information)

 

 

 

For the three

 

For the three

 

For the nine

 

For the nine

 

 

 

months ended

 

months ended

 

months ended

 

months ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

Net investment income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities interest income

 

$

34,507

 

$

37,725

 

$

109,104

 

$

87,661

 

Loan interest income

 

187,756

 

190,471

 

588,843

 

468,283

 

Dividend income

 

358

 

782

 

2,266

 

2,722

 

Other interest income

 

4,431

 

11,850

 

20,505

 

20,100

 

Total investment income

 

227,052

 

240,828

 

720,718

 

578,766

 

Interest expense

 

(118,105

)

(145,058

)

(400,207

)

(381,107

)

Interest expense to affiliates

 

(18,794

)

(21,148

)

(66,319

)

(29,404

)

Provision for loan losses

 

 

(25,000

(10,000

)

(25,000

)

Net investment income

 

90,153

 

49,622

 

244,192

 

143,255

 

Other (loss) income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized and unrealized loss on derivatives and foreign exchange

 

(15,534

)

(16,042

(68,468

)

(2,422

)

Net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on investments

 

(28,278

)

53,400

 

(59,254

)

87,164

 

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value

 

121

 

(39,286

(14,651

)

(40,978

)

Net realized and unrealized gain on securities sold, not yet purchased

 

14,242

 

2,220

 

22,892

 

2,795

 

Gain on extinguishment of debt

 

3,056

 

 

20,281

 

 

Other income

 

2,470

 

2,760

 

7,939

 

7,347

 

Total other (loss) income

 

(23,923

)

3,052

 

(91,261

)

53,906

 

Non-investment expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related party management compensation

 

9,811

 

4,925

 

29,357

 

39,338

 

General, administrative and directors expenses

 

3,820

 

3,842

 

14,094

 

14,095

 

Professional services

 

1,335

 

2,194

 

4,263

 

3,495

 

Loan servicing

 

2,274

 

2,729

 

7,234

 

8,751

 

Total non-investment expenses

 

17,240

 

13,690

 

54,948

 

65,679

 

Income from continuing operations before equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate and income tax expense

 

48,990

 

38,984

 

97,983

 

131,482

 

Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate

 

 

 

 

12,706

 

Income from continuing operations before income tax expense

 

48,990

 

38,984

 

97,983

 

144,188

 

Income tax expense

 

 

(386

)

(116

)

(1,245

)

Income from continuing operations

 

48,990

 

38,598

 

97,867

 

142,943

 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

 

 

(300,105

)

2,668

 

(303,055

)

Net income (loss)

 

$

48,990

 

$

(261,507

$

100,535

 

$

(160,112

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.33

 

$

0.44

 

$

0.72

 

$

1.75

 

Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

(3.43

)

 

0.02

 

 

(3.71

)

Net income (loss) per share

 

$

0.33

 

$

(2.99

)

$

0.74

 

$

(1.96

)

Diluted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.33

 

$

0.44

 

$

0.71

 

$

1.73

 

Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

(3.42

)

 

0.02

 

 

(3.66

)

Net income (loss) per share

 

$

0.33

 

$

(2.98

)

$

0.73

 

$

(1.93

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

149,612

 

87,443

 

136,777

 

81,692

 

Diluted

 

149,883

 

87,696

 

137,319

 

82,747

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distributions declared per common share

 

$

0.40

 

$

0.56

 

$

1.30

 

$

1.66

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

5



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Common
Shares

 

Paid-In
Capital

 

Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Loss

 

Accumulated
Deficit

 

Comprehensive
Loss

 

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

 

Balance at January 1, 2008

 

115,249

 

$

2,167,156

 

$

(157,245

)

$

(365,372

)

 

 

$

1,644,539

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

100,535

 

$

100,535

 

100,535

 

Net change in unrealized loss on cash flow hedges

 

 

 

(4,101

 

(4,101

(4,101

)

Net change in unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale

 

 

 

(216,578

)

 

 

(216,578

)

(216,578

)

Comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(120,144

 

 

Cash distributions on common shares

 

 

 

 

(178,310

)

 

 

(178,310

)

Cancellation of restricted common shares

 

(3

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grant of restricted common shares

 

1,135

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of common shares, net of offering costs

 

34,500

 

383,519

 

 

 

 

 

383,519

 

Amortization of restricted common shares

 

 

959

 

 

 

 

 

959

 

Balance at September 30, 2008

 

150,881

 

$

2,551,634

 

$

(377,924

)

$

(443,147

)

 

 

$

1,730,563

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

6



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)
(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2008

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2007

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

100,535

 

 

(160,112

 )

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net realized and unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives, foreign exchange, and securities sold, not yet purchased

 

45,576

 

(24,722

)

Gain on extinguishment of debt

 

(20,281

)

 

Write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs

 

1,224

 

2,247

 

Lower of cost or estimated fair value adjustment on corporate loans held for sale and provision for loan losses

 

12,353

 

25,000

 

Impairment of securities available-for-sale

 

20,254

 

 

Share-based compensation

 

959

 

2,289

 

Net unrealized (gain) loss on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and liabilities at estimated fair value

 

(7,568

)

183,011

 

Net realized loss (gain) on sales of investments

 

39,735

 

(43,565

)

Depreciation and net amortization

 

(26,043

)

3,948

 

Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate

 

 

(12,706

)

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest receivable

 

32,617

 

(31,785

)

Other assets

 

(11,897

)

(16,237

)

Related party payable

 

(4,623

)

(1,923

)

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

(27,965

)

116,136

 

Accrued interest payable

 

(57,656

)

29,404

 

Accrued interest payable to affiliates

 

17,556

 

29,004

 

Income tax liability

 

12

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

114,788

 

99,989

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Principal payments from investments

 

1,307,765

 

2,973,566

 

Proceeds from sale of investments

 

1,415,574

 

3,125,000

 

Purchases of investments

 

(1,818,037

)

(4,342,073

)

Net proceeds, purchases, and settlements of derivatives

 

(52,811

40,570

 

Net change in reverse repurchase agreements

 

42,195

 

(34,660

)

Net additions (reductions) to restricted cash and cash equivalents

 

212,359

 

(502,324

)

Restricted cash and cash equivalents acquired due to consolidation of KKR Financial CLO 2007-1, Ltd.

 

 

57,104

 

Additions of leasehold improvements and equipment

 

 

(244

)

Investment in unconsolidated affiliate

 

 

(60,327

)

Net cash provided by investing activities

 

1,107,045

 

1,256,612

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in repurchase agreements, secured revolving credit facility, and secured demand loan

 

(2,620,935

)

(3,675,629

)

Net change in asset-backed secured liquidity notes

 

(136,596

)

(3,736,390

)

Proceeds from issuance of residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

 

3,319,547

 

Repayment of residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

(531,601

)

(99,323

)

Issuance of collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

1,600,000

 

2,426,778

 

Net change in collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates

 

 

262,103

 

Issuance of convertible senior notes

 

 

300,000

 

Net change in junior subordinated notes

 

(20,956

)

70,000

 

Net change in subordinated notes to affiliates

 

(43,880

)

131,417

 

Net proceeds from common share offering

 

383,519

 

437,675

 

Distributions on common shares

 

(178,310

)

(133,590

)

Other capitalized costs

 

(628

)

(19,911

)

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(1,549,387

)

(717,323

)

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

(327,554

)

639,278

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

524,080

 

5,125

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

196,526

 

$

644,403

 

Supplemental cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

 

$

547,266

 

$

656,197

 

Cash paid for income taxes

 

$

100

 

$

1,775

 

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net payable for securities purchased

 

$

 

$

(180,689

)

Conversion from corporate loans to corporate securities

 

$

331,725

 

$

 

Distributions of securities to the asset-backed secured liquidity noteholders

 

$

3,623,049

 

$

 

Affiliate contributions for collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes

 

$

 

$

169,209

 

 

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

7



 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Note 1. Organization

 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC together with its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “KKR Financial”) is a specialty finance company that uses leverage with the objective of generating competitive risk-adjusted returns. The Company invests in financial assets primarily consisting of corporate loans and securities, including senior secured and unsecured loans, mezzanine loans, high yield corporate bonds, distressed and stressed debt securities, marketable and non-marketable equity securities, and credit default and total rate of return swaps. The Company also makes opportunistic investments in other asset classes from time to time.

 

KKR Financial is a Delaware limited liability company and was organized on January 17, 2007. KKR Financial is the successor to KKR Financial Corp. (the “REIT Subsidiary”), a Maryland corporation. The REIT Subsidiary was originally incorporated in the State of Maryland in July 2004 and elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. On May 4, 2007, KKR Financial completed a restructuring transaction (the “Restructuring Transaction”), pursuant to which the REIT Subsidiary became a subsidiary of KKR Financial and each outstanding share of the REIT Subsidiary’s common stock was converted into one of KKR Financial’s common shares, which are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “KFN”. KKR Financial intends to continue to operate so as to qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Restructuring Transaction has been accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control whereby the consolidated assets and liabilities of the Company were recorded at the historical cost of the REIT Subsidiary, as reflected on its condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company is considered the REIT Subsidiary’s successor for accounting purposes, and the REIT Subsidiary’s condensed consolidated financial statements for prior periods are the Company’s historical condensed consolidated financial statements presented herein. On June 30, 2008, the Company completed the sale of a controlling interest in the REIT Subsidiary to Rock Capital 2 LLC, which did not result in a gain or loss.

 

KKR Financial Advisors LLC (the “Manager”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC (previously known as KKR Financial LLC), manages the Company pursuant to a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”). In June 2008, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (“KKR”).

 

Note 2.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, consolidated residential mortgage loan securitization trusts where the Company is the primary beneficiary, and entities established to complete secured financing transactions that are considered to be variable interest entities and for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The REIT Subsidiary, which was sold on June 30, 2008, is presented as discontinued operations for financial statement purposes. Previously, the Company’s residential mortgage investment operations were also classified as discontinued operations; however, the Company no longer deems a sale or transfer of its remaining residential mortgage portfolio to be probable in the near term. Accordingly, the Company’s remaining residential mortgage investment operations are presented as continuing operations and the associated prior period amounts for existing residential mortgage assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2008 were reclassified as such for comparative purposes. See Note 3 for further discussion.

 

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. The Company’s results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments have been included for a fair statement of this interim financial information.

 

8



 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from management’s estimates.

 

Consolidation

 

The Company consolidates all non-variable interest entities in which it holds a greater than 50 percent voting interest. The Company also consolidates all variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which it is considered to be the primary beneficiary pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities—an interpretation of ARB No. 51 , as revised (“FIN 46R”). In general, FIN 46R requires an enterprise to consolidate a VIE when the enterprise holds a variable interest in the VIE and is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. An enterprise is the primary beneficiary if it absorbs a majority of the VIE’s expected losses, receives a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns, or both.

 

KKR Financial CLO 2005-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2005-2, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-2”), KKR Financial CLO 2006-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2006-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-A, Ltd.  (“CLO 2007-A”), and Wayzata Funding LLC (“Wayzata”), are entities established to complete secured financing transactions. These entities are VIEs and are not considered to be qualifying special-purpose entities (“QSPE”) as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards  (“SFAS”) No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (“SFAS No. 140”). The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of these entities and has included the accounts of these entities in these condensed consolidated financial statements. Additionally, the Company is the primary beneficiary of six residential mortgage loan securitization trusts that are not considered to be QSPEs under SFAS No. 140 and the Company has therefore included the accounts of these entities in these condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”), which requires additional disclosures about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.

 

As defined in SFAS No. 157, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters, or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instruments’ complexity for disclosure purposes. Beginning in January 2007, assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their value. Hierarchical levels, as defined in SFAS No. 157 and directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuations of these assets and liabilities, are as follows:

 

Level 1: Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

The types of assets carried at level 1 fair value generally are equity securities listed in active markets.

 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

 

Fair value assets and liabilities that are generally included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, corporate loans held for sale and certain financial instruments classified as derivatives where the fair value is based on observable market inputs.

 

Level 3: Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is

 

9



 

significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and the consideration of factors specific to the asset.

 

Generally, assets and liabilities carried at fair value and included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain derivatives.

 

The availability of observable inputs can vary depending on the financial asset or liability and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether the product is new, whether the product is traded on an active exchange or in the secondary market, and the current market conditions. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in level 3. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

 

Fair value is a market-based measure considered from the perspective of a market participant who holds the asset or owes the liability rather than an entity-specific measure. Therefore, even when market assumptions are not readily available, the Company’s own assumptions are set to reflect those that management believes market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

 

Many financial assets and liabilities have bid and ask prices that can be observed in the marketplace. Bid prices reflect the highest price that the Company and others are willing to pay for an asset. Ask prices represent the lowest price that the Company and others are willing to accept for an asset. For financial assets and liabilities whose inputs are based on bid-ask prices, the Company does not require that fair value always be a predetermined point in the bid-ask range. The Company’s policy is to allow for mid-market pricing and adjusting to the point within the bid-ask range that meets the Company’s best estimate of fair value.

 

Depending on the relative liquidity in the markets for certain assets, the Company may transfer assets to level 3 if it determines that observable quoted prices, obtained directly or indirectly, are not available. Assets and liabilities that are valued using level 3 of the fair value hierarchy primarily consist of certain corporate debt securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts. The valuation techniques used for these are described below.

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities, Residential Mortgage Loans, and Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Issued: Residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using market data for similar instruments (e.g., recent transactions, nationally recognized pricing services, or broker quotes), comparisons to benchmark derivative indices or movements in underlying credit spreads.

 

Corporate Debt Securities: Corporate debt securities are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using market data for similar instruments (e.g., recent transactions or broker quotes) or movements in underlying credit spreads.

 

OTC Derivative Contracts: OTC derivative contracts include forward, swap and option contracts related to interest rates, foreign currencies, credit standing of reference entities, and equity prices. The fair value of OTC derivative contracts can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed-form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and simulation models or a combination thereof. Many pricing models do not entail material subjectivity because the methodologies employed do not necessitate significant judgment, and the pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets, as is the case for generic interest rate swap and option contracts.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash held in banks and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents is recorded in other interest income.

 

10



 

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Restricted cash and cash equivalents represent amounts that are held by third parties under certain of the Company’s financing and derivative transactions. Interest income earned on restricted cash and cash equivalents is recorded in other interest income.

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities-Including an Amendment of Statement 115 (“SFAS No. 159”) , and elected the option of carrying its residential mortgage-backed securities at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

 

Securities Available-for-Sale

 

The Company classifies its investments in corporate debt securities and marketable equity securities as available-for-sale as the Company may sell them prior to maturity and does not hold them principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. These investments are carried at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices, when available, or on estimates provided by independent pricing sources or dealers who make markets in such securities. Upon the sale of a security, the realized net gain or loss is computed on a weighted-average cost basis. Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on the trade date.

 

The Company monitors its available-for-sale securities portfolio for impairments. A loss is recognized when it is determined that a decline in the estimated fair value of a security below its amortized cost is other-than-temporary. The Company considers many factors in determining whether the impairment of a security is deemed to be other-than-temporary, including, but not limited to, the length of time the security has had a decline in estimated fair value below its amortized cost, the amount of the unrealized loss, the intent and ability of the Company to hold the security for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in value, recent events specific to the issuer or industry, external credit ratings and recent changes in such ratings.

 

Unamortized premiums and unaccreted discounts on securities available-for-sale are recognized in interest income over the contractual life, adjusted for actual prepayments, of the securities using the effective interest method.

 

Non-marketable Equity Securities

 

Non-marketable equity securities consist primarily of private equity investments. These investments are accounted for under the cost method. The Company reviews these investments quarterly for possible other-than-temporary impairment. The Company reduces the carrying value of the investment and recognizes a loss when the Company considers a decline in estimated fair value below the cost basis of the security to be other-than-temporary.

 

Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased consist of equity and debt securities that the Company has sold short. In order to facilitate a short sale, the Company borrows the securities from another party and delivers the securities to the buyer. The Company will be required to “cover” its short sale in the future through the purchase of the security in the market at the prevailing market price and deliver it to the counterparty from which it borrowed. The Company is exposed to a loss to the extent that the security price increases during the time from when the Company borrowed the security to when the Company purchases it in the market to cover the short sale. Changes in the value of these securities are reflected in net realized and unrealized gain on securities sold, not yet purchased on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Corporate Loans

 

The Company purchases participations and assignments in corporate leveraged loans in the primary and secondary market. Loans are held for investment and the Company initially records loans at their purchase prices. The Company subsequently accounts for loans based on their outstanding principal minus or plus unaccreted purchase discounts and unamortized purchase premiums. In certain instances, including where the credit fundamentals underlying a particular loan have materially changed in such a manner that the Company’s expected return may decrease, the Company may elect to sell a loan held for investment.

 

Interest income on loans includes interest at stated coupon rates adjusted for accretion of purchase discounts and the amortization of purchase premiums. Unaccreted discounts and unamortized premiums are recognized in interest income over the contractual life, adjusted for actual prepayments, of the loans using the effective interest method.

 

11



 

Residential Mortgage Loans

 

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted SFAS No. 159 and elected the option to carry its residential mortgage loans at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

 

Corporate Loans Held for Sale

 

Corporate loans held for sale consist of leveraged loans that the Company has determined to no longer hold for investment. Corporate loans held for sale are stated at lower of cost or estimated fair value.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The Company’s allowance for estimated loan losses represents its estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. When determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, the Company considers historical and industry loss experience, economic conditions and trends, the estimated fair values of its loans, credit quality trends and other factors that it determines are relevant. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are charged to current period earnings through the provision for loan losses. The Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component. Amounts determined to be uncollectible are charged directly to the allowance for loan losses.

 

The allocated component of the Company’s allowance for loan losses consists of individual loans that are impaired and for which the estimated allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it believes it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due to it based on the contractual terms of the loan. An impaired loan may be left on accrual status during the period the Company is pursuing repayment of the loan; however, the loan is placed on non-accrual status at such time as: (i) management believes that scheduled debt service payments may not be paid when contractually due; (ii) the loan becomes 90 days delinquent; (iii) management determines the borrower is incapable of, or has ceased efforts toward, curing the cause of the impairment; or (iv) the net realizable value of the underlying collateral securing the loan decreases below the Company’s carrying value of such loan. While on non-accrual status, previously recognized accrued interest is reversed if it is determined that such amounts are not collectible and interest income is recognized only upon actual receipt.

 

The unallocated component of the Company’s allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies . This component of the allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s estimate of losses inherent, but unidentified, in its portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses is estimated based upon a review of the Company’s loan portfolio’s risk characteristics, risk grouping of loans in the portfolio based upon estimated probability of default and severity of loss based on loan type, and consideration of general economic conditions and trends.

 

Leasehold Improvements and Equipment

 

Leasehold improvements and equipment are carried at cost less depreciation and amortization and are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. Equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets of three years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or lease terms. Leasehold improvements and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, are included in other assets.

 

Borrowings

 

The Company finances the acquisition of its investments, including loans, residential mortgage-backed securities, and securities available-for-sale, primarily through the use of secured borrowings in the form of securitization transactions structured as secured financings, repurchase agreements and other secured and unsecured borrowings. The Company recognizes interest expense on all borrowings on an accrual basis.

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Issued

 

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted SFAS No. 159 and elected the option to carry its residential mortgage-backed securities issued at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in income.

 

12



 

Trust Preferred Securities

 

Trusts formed by the Company for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities are not consolidated by the Company in accordance with FIN 46R as the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of such trusts. The Company’s investment in the common securities of such trusts is included in other assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

The Company recognizes all derivatives at estimated fair value. On the date the Company enters into a derivative contract, the Company designates and documents each derivative contract as one of the following at the time the contract is executed: (i) a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value” hedge); (ii) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow” hedge); (iii) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation; or (iv) a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument (“free-standing derivative”). For a fair value hedge, the Company records changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative and, to the extent that it is effective, changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk, in the current period earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For a cash flow hedge, the Company records changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative to the extent that it is effective in other comprehensive (loss) income. The Company subsequently reclassifies these changes in estimated fair value to net income in the same period(s) that the hedged transaction affects earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For free-standing derivatives, the Company reports changes in the fair values in current period other income.

 

The Company formally documents at inception its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, its risk management objectives, strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and the Company’s evaluation of effectiveness of its hedged transactions. Periodically, as required by SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities , as amended and interpreted (“SFAS No. 133”), the Company also formally assesses whether the derivative it designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be and has been highly effective in offsetting changes in estimated fair values or cash flows of the hedged item using either the dollar offset or the regression analysis method. If the Company determines that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, it discontinues hedge accounting.

 

Foreign Currency

 

The Company makes investments in non-U.S. dollar denominated securities and loans. As a result, the Company is subject to the risk of fluctuation in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the foreign currency in which it makes an investment. In order to reduce the currency risk, the Company may hedge the applicable foreign currency. All investments denominated in a foreign currency are converted to the U.S. dollar using prevailing exchange rates on the balance sheet date. Income, expenses, gains and losses on investments denominated in a foreign currency are converted to the U.S. dollar using the prevailing exchange rates on the dates when they are recorded. Foreign exchange gains and losses are recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Manager Compensation

 

The Management Agreement provides for the payment of a base management fee to the Manager, as well as an incentive fee if the Company’s financial performance exceeds certain benchmarks. Additionally, the Management Agreement provides for the Manager to be reimbursed for certain expenses incurred on the Company’s behalf. See Note 14 for the specific terms of the computation and payment of the incentive fee. The base management fee and the incentive fee are accrued and expensed during the period for which they are earned by the Manager.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for share-based compensation issued to its directors and to its Manager using the fair value based methodology prescribed by SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”). Compensation cost related to restricted common shares issued to the Company’s directors is measured at its estimated fair value at the grant date, and is amortized and expensed over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. Compensation cost related to restricted common shares and common share options issued to the Manager is initially measured at estimated fair value at the grant date, and is remeasured on subsequent dates to the extent the awards are unvested. The Company has elected to use the graded vesting

 

13



 

attribution and straight-line method pursuant to SFAS No. 123(R) to amortize compensation expense for the restricted common shares and common share options granted to the Manager.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company is no longer treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; however, the Company intends to continue to operate so as to qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Therefore, the Company is not subject to U.S. federal income tax at the entity level, but is subject to limited state income taxes. Holders of the Company’s shares will be required to take into account their allocable share of each item of the Company’s income, gain, loss, deduction, and credit for the taxable year of the Company ending within or with their taxable year.

 

KKR Financial Holdings II, LLC (“KFH II”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company which holds certain real estate mortgage-backed securities, elected to be taxed as a REIT and is required to comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), with respect thereto. KFH II is not subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent that it currently distributes its income and satisfies certain asset, income and ownership tests, and recordkeeping requirements. Even though KFH II qualified for federal taxation as a REIT, it may be subject to some amount of federal, state, local and foreign taxes based on its taxable income.

 

KKR TRS Holdings, Ltd. (“TRS Ltd.”) and KKR Financial Holdings, Ltd. (“KFH Ltd.”) are not consolidated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For financial reporting purposes, current and deferred taxes are provided for on the portion of earnings recognized by the Company with respect to its interest in KFN PEI VII, LLC (“PEI VII”), a domestic taxable corporate subsidiary, because it is taxed as a regular subchapter C corporation under the provisions of the Code. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed based on temporary differences between the GAAP consolidated financial statements and the U.S. federal income tax basis of assets and liabilities as of each consolidated balance sheet date. CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1 and CLO 2007-A are foreign subsidiaries treated as disregarded entities or partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes that were established to facilitate securitization transactions, structured as secured financing transactions, and TRS Ltd. and KFH Ltd. are foreign taxable corporate subsidiaries that were formed to make certain foreign and domestic investments from time to time. TRS Ltd. and KFH Ltd. are organized as exempted companies incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and are generally exempt from U.S. federal and state income tax at the corporate entity level because they restrict their activities in the U.S. to trading in stock and securities for their own account. However, the Company will generally be required to include their current taxable income in its calculation of its taxable income allocable to shareholders.

 

Earnings Per Share

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share (“SFAS No. 128”), the Company presents both basic and diluted earnings per common share (“EPS”) in its condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto. Basic earnings per common share (“Basic EPS”) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted-average number of common shares, including vested restricted common shares, outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share (“Diluted EPS”) reflects the potential dilution of common share options and unvested restricted common shares using the treasury method, and the potential dilution of convertible senior notes using the if-converted method, if they are not anti-dilutive. See Note 4 for earnings per common share computations.

 

A rights offering whose exercise price at issuance is less than the fair value of the stock is considered to have a bonus element, resulting in an adjustment of the prior period number of shares outstanding used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share. As a result of the $270.0 million common share rights offering that occurred during the third quarter of 2007, prior period weighted-average number of shares and earnings per share outstanding have been adjusted to reflect the issuance at less than fair value.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) SFAS No. 140-3, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets and Repurchase Financing Transactions (“FSP SFAS No. 140-3”). FSP SFAS No. 140-3 assumes that an initial transfer of a financial asset and a repurchase financing are considered part of the same arrangement, or a linked transaction. However, if certain criteria are met, the initial transfer and repurchase financing shall not be evaluated as a linked transaction and shall be evaluated separately under SFAS No. 140. FSP SFAS No. 140-3 is effective for the Company for

 

14



 

repurchase financings in which the initial transfer is entered into after December 31, 2008 and early adoption is not permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of FSP SFAS No. 140-3 to have a material impact on its financial statements.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 requires enhanced qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements.  The additional disclosures required by SFAS No. 161 must be included in the Company’s financial statements beginning with the first quarter of 2009.

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (“FSP APB 14-1”). This FSP requires that issuers of convertible debt instruments that may be settled wholly or partly in cash when converted should separately account for the liability and equity (conversion feature) components of the instruments. As a result, interest expense should be imputed and recognized based upon the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate, which will result in lower net income. Prior to the adoption of FSP APB 14-1, APB No. 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants , provided that no portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the instrument should be attributable to the conversion feature. The 7.00% convertible senior notes issued by the Company in July 2007 will be subject to FSP ABP 14-1. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for the Company retroactively on January 1, 2009 and early adoption is prohibited. The Company has determined that the adoption of FSP APB 14-1 will not have a material impact on its financial statements.

 

In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 163, Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60 (“SFAS No. 163”). SFAS No. 163 requires recognition of an insurance claim liability prior to an event of default (insured event) when there is evidence that credit deterioration has occurred in an insured financial obligation. SFAS No. 163 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and all interim periods within those fiscal years, and early application is not permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 163 to have a material impact on its financial statements.

 

In October 2008, FASB issued FSP SFAS No. 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset when the Market for that Asset is Not Active (“FSP SFAS No. 157-3”). FSP SFAS No. 157-3 is intended to enhance the comparability and consistency in fair value measurements of financial assets that trade in inactive markets and includes illustrative examples addressing how assumptions should be considered when measuring fair value when relevant observable inputs do not exist, as well as how market quotes and available observable inputs in an inactive market should be considered when assessing and measuring fair value. FSP SFAS No. 157-3 is effective upon issuance and includes prior periods for which financial statements have not been issued. The Company has taken FSP SFAS No. 157-3 into consideration when measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities.

 

Note 3. Discontinued Operations

 

In August 2007, the Company’s board of directors approved a plan to exit its residential mortgage investment operations and sell the REIT Subsidiary. As of January 1, 2008, the REIT Subsidiary’s assets and liabilities consisted solely of those held by its two asset-backed commercial paper conduits (the “Facilities”).  During March 2008, the Company entered into an agreement with the holders of the secured liquidity notes (“SLNs”) issued by the Facilities (the “Noteholders”) in order to terminate the Facilities.  With respect to the agreement with the Noteholders, all of the residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) funded by the SLNs have been returned to the Noteholders in satisfaction of the SLNs and the Company has paid the Noteholders approximately $42.0 million in conjunction with this resolution. The Company had previously accrued $36.5 million for contingencies related to resolution of the Facilities and as a consequence of this transaction, the Company recorded an incremental charge during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 of $5.5 million. The agreement with the Noteholders resulted in approximately $3.6 billion par amount of RMBS being returned to the Noteholders in satisfaction of approximately $3.5 billion par amount of SLNs held by the Noteholders. Accordingly, the Company removed the RMBS and SLNs that related to the Facilities from its condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2008. Under the agreement with the Noteholders, the Company and its affiliates have been released from any future obligations or liabilities to the Noteholders.

 

As of June 30, 2008, the Company substantially completed its plan to exit its residential mortgage investment operations through the sale of certain of its residential mortgage-backed securities in the third quarter of 2007 and the agreement with the Noteholders related to the Facilities described above. In addition, on June 30, 2008, the Company completed the sale of a controlling interest in the REIT Subsidiary to Rock Capital 2 LLC, which did not result in a gain or loss. Accordingly, t he REIT Subsidiary is presented as discontinued operations for financial statement purposes for all periods presented.

 

15



 

The Company no longer deems a sale or transfer of its remaining residential mortgage portfolio to be probable in the near term. As such, the Company’s remaining residential mortgage investment operations, which were previously presented as discontinued operations, are presented as continuing operations and the associated prior period amounts presented in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements relating to the Company’s existing residential mortgage assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2008 have been reclassified for comparative presentation.

 

As of September 30, 2008, the Company’s remaining residential mortgage portfolio consisted of $310.4 million of RMBS, of which $277.2 million was rated investment grade or higher and $33.2 million was rated below investment grade. Of the $310.4 million of RMBS, $197.4 million represented interests in residential mortgage securitization trusts that were not structured as QSPEs .  The Company consolidates these trusts because it is the primary beneficiary of these entities and therefore reported total assets of $3.1 billion and total liabilities of $2.9 billion for these trusts in continuing operations as of September 30, 2008.

 

Summarized financial information for discontinued operations is as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31,
2007

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted cash and cash equivalents

 

$

 

$

353

 

Investments in securities and loans, at fair value

 

 

3,043,193

 

Interest and principal receivable

 

 

3,734

 

Other assets

 

 

2,478

 

Assets of discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

3,049,758

 

 

 

 

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Asset-backed secured liquidity notes, at fair value

 

$

 

$

3,519,860

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

 

123,701

 

Accrued interest payable

 

 

522

 

Liabilities of discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

3,644,083

 

 

The components of income from discontinued operations are as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

Net investment (loss) income

 

$

 

$

(14,480

$

16,795

 

$

(3,512

)

Other loss

 

 

(148,250

)

(5,361

)

(161,252

)

Non-investment expenses

 

 

(137,375

)

(8,766

)

(138,291

)

(Loss) income from discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

(300,105

)

$

2,668

 

$

(303,055

)

 

Note 4. Earnings per Share

 

The Company calculates basic net income per common share by dividing net income for the period by the weighted-average number of its common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares plus potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares include the assumed exercise of outstanding common share options and assumed vesting of outstanding restricted common shares using the treasury stock method, as well as the assumed conversion of convertible senior notes using the if-converted method, if they are not anti-dilutive.

 

16



 

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands, except per share information):

 

 

 

Three months ended 

September 30,

 

Nine months ended 

September 30,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Income from continuing operations

 

$

48,990

 

$

38,598

 

$

97,867

 

$

142,943

 

(Loss) income from discontinued operations

 

 

(300,105

)

2,668

 

(303,055

)

Net income (loss)

 

$

48,990

 

$

(261,507

$

100,535

 

$

(160,112

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding

 

149,612

 

87,443

 

136,777

 

81,692

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.33

 

$

0.44

 

$

0.72

 

$

1.75

 

(Loss) income per share from discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

(3.43

)

 

0.02

 

 

(3.71

)

Net income (loss) per share

 

$

0.33

 

$

(2.99

)

$

0.74

 

$

(1.96

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding

 

149,612

 

87,443

 

136,777

 

81,692

 

Dilutive effect of share options and restricted common shares using the treasury method

 

271

 

253

 

542

 

1,055

 

Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (1)

 

149,883

 

87,696

 

137,319

 

82,747

 

Income per share from continuing operations

 

$

0.33

 

$

0.44

 

$

0.71

 

$

1.73

 

(Loss) income per share from discontinued operations

 

 

 

 

(3.42

)

 

0.02

 

 

(3.66

)

Net income (loss) per share

 

$

0.33

 

$

(2.98

)

$

0.73

 

$

(1.93

)

 


(1)

 

Potential anti-dilutive common shares excluded from diluted net income per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 were 9,677,430 related to convertible debt securities and 1,932,279 related to common share options. There were 1,932,279 of potential anti-dilutive common share options for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.

 

Note 5. Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased

 

Securities sold, not yet purchased consist of equity and debt securities that the Company has sold short. As of September 30, 2008, the Company had securities sold, not yet purchased with a cost basis of $101.3 million and accumulated net unrealized gain of $17.8 million. As of December 31, 2007, the Company had securities sold, not yet purchased with a cost basis of $103.1 million and accumulated net unrealized gain of $2.7 million.

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company had net realized gains on securities sold, not yet purchased of $0.7 million and $7.8 million, respectively, and net unrealized gains on securities sold, not yet purchased of $13.5 million and $15.1 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company had net realized gains on securities sold, not yet purchased of $5.2 million and $5.3 million, and net unrealized losses on securities sold, not yet purchased of $2.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively.

 

Note 6. Securities Available-for-Sale

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s securities classified as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2008, which are carried at estimated fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

Description

 

Amortized Cost

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated Fair 
Value

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

1,359,501

 

$

2,296

 

$

(344,098

)

$

1,017,699

 

Marketable equity securities

 

17,322

 

115

 

(11,860

)

5,577

 

Total

 

$

1,376,823

 

$

2,411

 

$

(355,958

)

$

1,023,276

 

 

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale securities, aggregated by length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of September 30, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Less Than 12 months

 

12 Months or More

 

Total

 

Description

 

Estimated Fair 
Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

512,393

 

$

(63,530

)

$

407,058

 

$

(280,568

)

$

919,451

 

$

(344,098

)

Marketable equity securities

 

1,282

 

(1,379

)

3,711

 

(10,481

)

4,993

 

(11,860

)

Total

 

$

513,675

 

$

(64,909

)

$

410,769

 

$

(291,049

)

$

924,444

 

$

(355,958

)

 

17



 

The unrealized losses in the above table exclude investments in common and preferred stock that are deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired by $20.3 million. This amount consists of impairment charges that the Company recognized during the third quarter of 2008 totaling $10.6 million for certain publicly traded preferred and common stock investments. The remainder of the $20.3 million relates to an impairment charge recorded during the second quarter of 2008 totaling $9.7 million for a preferred stock investment. The charges relating to the impairment of these securities were recognized in net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

When evaluating whether an impairment is other-than-temporary, the Company performs an analysis of the anticipated future cash flows and the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient amount of time to recover the unrealized losses. Additionally, the Company considers the current events specific to the issuer or industry including widening credit spreads and external credit ratings, as well as interest rate volatility.

 

The unrealized losses in the above table are considered to be temporary impairments due to market factors and are not reflective of credit deterioration. The Company has performed credit analyses in relation to these investments and believes the carrying value of these investments to be fully recoverable over their expected holding period. Because the Company has the intent and ability to hold these investments until recovery, the unrealized losses are not considered to be other-than-temporary impairments.

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s securities classified as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2007, which are carried at estimated fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

Description

 

Amortized Cost

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated Fair
Value

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

1,438,027

 

$

8,706

 

$

(134,969

)

$

1,311,764

 

Marketable equity securities

 

58,529

 

24

 

(10,776

)

47,777

 

Total

 

$

1,496,556

 

$

8,730

 

$

(145,745

)

$

1,359,541

 

 

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of the Company’s available-for-sale securities, aggregated by length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Less Than 12 months

 

12 Months or More

 

Total

 

Description

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Corporate debt securities

 

$

1,075,296

 

$

(134,969

)

$

 

$

 

$

1,075,296

 

$

(134,969

)

Marketable equity securities

 

35,402

 

(7,664

)

9,321

 

(3,112

)

44,723

 

(10,776

)

Total

 

$

1,110,698

 

$

(142,633

)

$

9,321

 

$

(3,112

)

$

1,120,019

 

$

(145,745

)

 

The unrealized losses in the above table exclude one investment in a corporate security that was deemed to be an other-than-temporary impairment of $5.9 million. The decline in fair value was deemed to be other-than-temporary in the fourth quarter of 2007 based on the Company’s intent to sell the security during 2008. This corporate security was sold during the first quarter 2008 at approximately the same value it was carried at as of December 31, 2007.

 

All other unrealized losses in the table above are considered to be temporary impairments due to market factors and are not reflective of credit deterioration. The Company has performed credit analyses in relation to these investments and believes the carrying value of these investments to be fully recoverable over their expected holding period. Because the Company has the intent and ability to hold these investments until recovery, the related unrealized losses are not considered to be other-than-temporary impairments.

 

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company had gross realized gains from the sales of securities available-for-sale of $0.6 million and $5.2 million, respectively, and gross realized losses from the sales of securities available-for-sale of $7.7 million and $22.4 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, the Company had gross realized gains from the sales of securities available-for-sale of $3.8 million and $35.7 million, respectively, and gross realized losses from the sales of securities available-for-sale of $2.6 million and $4.8 million,

 

18



 

respectively. Note 10 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describes the Company’s borrowings under which the Company has pledged securities available-for-sale. The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale pledged as collateral for borrowings as of September 30, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Corporate Debt
Securities

 

Marketable
Equity
Securities

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

$

222,733

 

$

 

Pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates

 

705,464

 

 

Pledged as collateral for subordinated notes to affiliates

 

79,907

 

 

Total

 

$

1,008,104

 

$

 

 

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of securities pledged as collateral for borrowings as of December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Corporate Debt
Securities

 

Marketable
Equity
Securities

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements

 

$

487,297

 

$

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

43,878

 

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured demand loan

 

 

34,483

 

Pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates

 

762,776

 

 

Pledged as collateral for subordinated notes to affiliates

 

17,813

 

 

Total

 

$

1,311,764

 

$

34,483

 

 

Note 7. Corporate Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s corporate loans as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2008

 

As of December 31, 2007

 

Corporate loans, at net amortized cost

 

$

8,493,531

 

$

8,659,208

 

Less: allowance for loan losses

 

(35,000

)

(25,000

)

Total

 

$

8,458,531

 

$

8,634,208

 

 

The following table summarizes the components of the net carrying value of the Company’s corporate loans as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

Description

 

Principal

 

Net
Unamortized
Discount

 

Estimated
Fair
Value
Adjustment

 

Net Carrying
Value

 

Principal

 

Net
Unamortized
Discount

 

Net Carrying
Value

 

Corporate loans held for investment (1)

 

$

8,752,586

 

$

(259,055

)

$

 

$

8,493,531

 

$

8,766,169

 

$

(106,961

)

$

8,659,208

 

Corporate loans held for sale

 

31,151

 

(597

)

(2,353

)

28,201

 

 

 

 

Total loans

 

$

8,783,737

 

$

(259,652

)

$

(2,353

)

$

8,521,732

 

$

8,766,169

 

$

(106,961

)

$

8,659,208

 

 


(1)                Excludes allowance for loan losses of $35.0 million and $25.0 million as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.

 

As of September 30, 2008, approximately $28.2 million of corporate loans were classified as held for sale.  The Company recorded a $2.4 million charge to earnings in net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on investments related to these loans to adjust their carrying value to the lower of cost or estimated fair value. The Company had no corporate loans held for sale as of December 31, 2007.  Note 10 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describes the Company’s borrowings under

 

19



 

which the Company has pledged loans for borrowings. The following table summarizes the carrying value of corporate loans, at net amortized cost, pledged as collateral for borrowings as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2008

 

As of December 31, 2007

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements

 

$

 

$

1,994,999

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

55,306

 

48,142

 

Pledged as collateral for collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes and junior secured notes to affiliates

 

8,242,565

 

6,276,882

 

Pledged as collateral for subordinated notes to affiliates

 

84,656

 

27,886

 

Total

 

$

8,382,527

 

$

8,347,909

 

 

The following table summarizes the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the Company’s corporate loan portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 (amounts in thousands):

 

Balance at January 1, 2008

 

$

25,000

 

Provision for loan losses

 

10,000

 

Charge-offs

 

 

Balance at September 30, 2008

 

$

35,000

 

 

The $35.0 million allowance for loan losses is unallocated as of September 30, 2008 because the Company has not deemed any individual loans as being impaired as of that date. A provision for loan losses of $10.0 million and $25.0 million was recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Note 8. Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities

 

Upon adoption of SFAS No. 159 as of January 1, 2007, the Company elected the option of carrying its investments in RMBS at estimated fair value.  As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, RMBS totaled $113.0 million and $131.7 million, respectively.

 

Note 10 to these condensed consolidated financial statements describes the Company’s borrowings under which the Company has pledged RMBS. T he following table summarizes the estimated fair value of RMBS pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements and a secured revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of

September 30, 2008

 

As of December 31, 2007

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements

 

$

 

$

112,465

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

71,509

 

5,368

 

Total

 

$

71,509

 

$

117,833

 

 

Note 9. Residential Mortgage Loans

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s residential mortgage loans as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of

September 30, 2008

 

As of December 31, 2007

 

Residential mortgage loans, at estimated fair value (1)

 

$

3,054,756

 

$

3,921,323

 

 


(1)                Excludes real estate owned (“REO”) by the Company as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans of $10.9 million and $7.2 million as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. REO is recorded within other assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of residential mortgage loans pledged as collateral for borrowings as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2008

 

As of December 31, 2007

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under repurchase agreements

 

$

 

$

163,586

 

Pledged as collateral for borrowings under secured revolving credit facility

 

151,454

 

25,162

 

Total

 

$

151,454

 

$

188,748

 

 

20



 

The following table summarizes the delinquency statistics of the Company’s residential mortgage loans as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (dollar amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2008

 

As of December 31, 2007

 

Delinquency Status

 

Number of
Loans

 

Principal
Amount

 

Number of
Loans

 

Principal
Amount

 

30 to 59 days

 

76

 

$

28,793

 

96

 

$

30,163

 

60 to 89 days

 

22

 

7,440

 

18

 

6,151

 

90 days or more

 

60

 

22,361

 

43

 

14,045

 

In foreclosure

 

58

 

20,665

 

38

 

11,800

 

Total

 

216

 

$

79,259

 

195

 

$

62,159

 

 

As of September 30, 2008, the loss exposure or uncollected principal amount related to the Company’s delinquent residential mortgage loans in the table above exceeded their fair value by $3.3 million. As of September 30, 2008, 31 of the residential mortgage loans owned by the Company with an outstanding balance of $10.9 million (not included in the table above) were REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans. As of December 31, 2007, 25 of the residential mortgage loans owned by the Company with an outstanding balance of $7.2 million (not included in the table above) were REO as a result of foreclosure on delinquent loans.

 

Note 10. Borrowings

 

Certain information with respect to the Company’s borrowings as of September 30, 2008 is summarized in the following table (dollar amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Outstanding
Borrowings

 

Weighted-
Average
Borrowing
Rate

 

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity (in
days)

 

Estimated
Fair Value
of Collateral(1)

 

Secured revolving credit facility(2)

 

$

378,306

 

4.92

%

266

 

$

487,176

 

CLO 2005-1 senior secured notes

 

831,876

 

3.12

 

3,130

 

770,546

 

CLO 2005-2 senior secured notes

 

808,496

 

3.12

 

3,344

 

809,387

 

CLO 2006-1 senior secured notes

 

727,500

 

3.17

 

3,616

 

811,823

 

CLO 2007-1 senior secured notes

 

2,368,500

 

3.33

 

4,610

 

2,225,518

 

CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates(3)

 

431,292

 

 

4,610

 

405,256

 

CLO 2007-A senior secured notes

 

1,213,300

 

3.66

 

3,302

 

1,161,480

 

CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates(4)

 

94,128

 

 

3,302

 

90,108

 

Wayzata senior secured notes

 

1,600,000

 

3.60

 

1,507

 

1,495,281

 

Convertible senior notes

 

300,000

 

7.00

 

1,384

 

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

288,671

 

6.53

 

10,210

 

 

Subordinated notes to affiliates(5)

 

84,000

 

 

 

 

78,502

 

Total

 

$

9,126,069

 

 

 

 

 

$

8,335,077

 

 


(1)                                 Collateral for borrowings consists of RMBS, securities available-for-sale, and corporate and residential mortgage loans.

 

(2)                                 Includes $100.0 million in borrowings collateralized by retained rated mezzanine notes and unrated subordinated notes issued by the Company’s CLO subsidiaries.

 

(3)                                 CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates consists of (x) $244.7 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted-average borrowing rate of 7.66% and (y) $186.6 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-1.

 

(4)                                 CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates consists of (x) $79.0 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted-average borrowing rate of 8.94% and (y) $15.1 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-A.

 

(5)                                 Subordinated notes do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from Wayzata.

 

21



 

In the third quarter of 2008, the Company retired $5.0 million of junior subordinated notes, which resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $3.1 million, partially offset by a $0.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.1 million of other associated costs.

 

Certain information with respect to the Company’s borrowings as of December 31, 2007 is summarized in the following table (dollar amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Outstanding
Borrowings

 

Weighted-
Average
Borrowing
Rate

 

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Maturity (in
days)

 

Estimated
Fair Value
of Collateral(1)

 

Repurchase agreements(2)

 

$

2,808,066

 

5.41

%

132

 

$

2,745,166

 

Secured revolving credit facility(3)

 

167,024

 

5.65

 

540

 

122,550

 

Secured demand loan

 

24,151

 

5.00

 

31

 

34,483

 

CLO 2005-1 senior secured notes

 

831,428

 

5.39

 

3,404

 

894,548

 

CLO 2005-2 senior secured notes

 

807,882

 

5.34

 

3,618

 

905,552

 

CLO 2006-1 senior secured notes

 

727,500

 

5.39

 

3,890

 

937,287

 

CLO 2007-1 senior secured notes

 

2,368,500

 

5.39

 

4,884

 

2,641,046

 

CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates(4)

 

431,292

 

 

4,884

 

480,922

 

CLO 2007-A senior secured notes

 

1,213,300

 

5.57

 

3,576

 

1,095,328

 

CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates(5)

 

94,128

 

 

3,576

 

84,976

 

Convertible senior notes

 

300,000

 

7.00

 

1,658

 

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

329,908

 

7.54

 

10,524

 

 

Subordinated notes to affiliates(6)

 

152,574

 

 

 

 

163,437

 

Total

 

$

10,255,753

 

 

 

 

 

$

10,105,295

 

 


(1)                                   Collateral for borrowings consists of residential mortgage-backed securities, securities available-for-sale and corporate and residential mortgage loans.

 

 (2)                                Includes repurchase agreements of $544.5 million collateralized by retained rated mezzanine notes and unrated subordinated notes issued by the Company’s CLO subsidiaries.

 

(3)                                   Includes $100.0 million in borrowings collateralized by retained rated mezzanine notes and unrated subordinated notes issued by the Company’s CLO subsidiaries.

 

(4)                                   CLO 2007-1 junior secured notes to affiliates consists of (x) $244.7 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted-average borrowing rate of 9.72% and (y) $186.6 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-1.

 

(5)                                   CLO 2007-A junior secured notes to affiliates consists of (x) $79.0 million of mezzanine notes with a weighted-average borrowing rate of 10.87% and (y) $15.1 million of subordinated notes that do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from CLO 2007-A.

 

(6)                                   Subordinated notes do not have a contractual coupon rate, but instead receive a pro rata amount of the net distributions from KKR Financial CLO 2007-4, Ltd., KKR Financial CLO 2008-1, Ltd., and Wayzata.

 

Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments

 

The Company enters into derivative transactions in order to hedge its interest rate risk exposure to the effects of interest rate changes. Additionally, the Company enters into derivative transactions in the course of its investing. The Company’s derivative transactions are with various counterparties, none of which are concentrated to the extent of detrimentally affecting the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. The counterparties to the Company’s derivative agreements are major financial institutions with which the Company and its affiliates may also have other financial relationships. In the event of nonperformance by the counterparties, the Company is potentially exposed to losses. The counterparties to the Company’s derivative agreements have investment grade ratings and, as a result, the Company does not anticipate that any of the counterparties will fail to fulfill their obligations.

 

Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedges

 

The Company uses interest rate derivatives consisting of swaps to hedge a portion of the interest rate risk associated with its borrowings under CLO senior secured notes. The Company designates these financial instruments as cash flow hedges.

 

22



 

The Company also uses interest rate swaps to hedge all or a portion of the interest rate risk associated with certain fixed interest rate investments. The Company designates these financial instruments as fair value hedges.

 

Free-Standing Derivatives

 

Free-standing derivatives are derivatives that the Company has entered into in conjunction with its investment and risk management activities, but for which the Company has not designated the derivative contract as a hedging instrument for accounting purposes. Such derivative contracts may include credit default swaps, foreign exchange contracts, and interest rate derivatives. Free-standing derivatives also include investment financing arrangements (total rate of return swaps) whereby the Company receives the sum of all interest, fees and any positive change in fair value amounts from a reference asset with a specified notional amount and pays interest on such notional amount plus any negative change in fair value amounts from such reference asset.

 

The table below summarizes the aggregate notional amount and estimated net fair value of the derivative instruments as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of 
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

 

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Cash Flow Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

$

383,333

 

$

(24,168

)

$

383,333

 

$

(19,018

)

Fair Value Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

32,000

 

(1,777

)

32,000

 

(1,212

)

Free-Standing Derivatives:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

181,073

 

(13

690,799

 

(7,959

)

Credit default swaps—long

 

53,500

 

(1,063

)

66,000

 

(1,154

)

Credit default swaps—short

 

300,070

 

48,168

 

268,000

 

12,613

 

Total rate of return swaps

 

416,597

 

(51,864

)

442,204

 

(21,998

)

Foreign exchange contracts

 

64,380

 

(1,093

)

9,711

 

3

 

Common stock warrants

 

 

77

 

 

799

 

Total

 

$

1,430,953

 

$

(31,733

)

$

1,892,047

 

$

(37,926

)

 

For all hedges where hedge accounting is being applied, effectiveness testing and other procedures to ensure the ongoing validity of the hedges are performed at least quarterly. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, the Company recognized an immaterial amount of ineffectiveness in income on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Note 12. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

 

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities

 

$

(354,805

)

$

(159,802

)

Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges

 

(23,119

)

(19,018

)

Transition adjustment to accumulated deficit in conjunction with fair value option election for residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

21,575

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

$

(377,924

)

$

(157,245

)

 

23



 

The components of other comprehensive loss were as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Three months

 

Three months

 

Nine months

 

Nine months

 

 

 

ended

 

ended

 

ended

 

ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

Unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized holding losses arising during period

 

$

(188,065

$

(73,218

)

$

(254,042

)

$

(72,577

)

Translation adjustment to accumulated deficit in conjunction with fair value option election for residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

 

21,575

 

Reclassification adjustments for losses (gains) realized in net income (1)

 

17,667

 

(1,309

)

37,464

 

(30,457

)

Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities from investment in unconsolidated affiliate

 

 

 

 

(7,898

)

Unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale

 

(170,398

(74,527

)

(216,578

)

(89,357

)

Unrealized losses on cash flow hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized holding losses arising during period

 

(4,940

)

(35,469

)

(4,101

)

(25,391

)

Reclassification adjustments for gains realized in discontinued operations

 

 

(28,569

)

 

(28,569

)

Unrealized losses on cash flow hedges arising during period

 

(4,940

)

(64,038

)

(4,101

)

(53,960

)

Other comprehensive loss

 

$

(175,338

)

$

(138,565

)

$

(220,679

)

$

(143,317

)

 


(1)  Amounts for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 include an impairment of $20.3 million for investments in common and preferred stock securities which were determined to be other-than-temporary.

 

Note 13. Share Options and Restricted Shares

 

The Company has adopted an amended and restated share incentive plan (the “2007 Share Incentive Plan”) that provides for the grant of qualified incentive common share options that meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, non-qualified common share options, share appreciation rights, restricted common shares and other share-based awards. The 2007 Share Incentive Plan was adopted on May 4, 2007. Prior to the 2007 Share Incentive Plan, the Company had adopted the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan that provided for the grant of qualified incentive common stock options that met the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, non-qualified common stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted common stock and other share-based awards. The 2004 Stock Incentive Plan was amended on May 26, 2005. The Compensation Committee of the board of directors administers the plan. Share options and other share-based awards may be granted to the Manager, directors, officers and any key employees of the Manager and to any other individual or entity performing services for the Company.

 

The exercise price for any share option granted under the 2007 Share Incentive Plan may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the common shares at the time the common share option is granted. Each option to acquire a common share must terminate no more than ten years from the date it is granted. As of September 30, 2008, the 2007 Share Incentive Plan authorizes a total of 8,339,625 shares that may be used to satisfy awards under the 2007 Share Incentive Plan. On February 19, 2008, the Compensation Committee of the board of directors granted the Manager 1,097,000 restricted common shares that vest on February 19, 2011. The following table summarizes restricted common share transactions:

 

 

 

Manager

 

Directors

 

Total

 

Unvested shares as of January 1, 2008

 

625,000

 

72,657

 

697,657

 

Issued

 

1,097,000

 

38,349

 

1,135,349

 

Vested

 

(625,000

(41,885

)

(666,885

)

Cancelled

 

 

(2,839

)

(2,839

)

Forfeited

 

 

 

 

Unvested shares as of September 30, 2008

 

1,097,000

 

66,282

 

1,163,282

 

 

Pursuant to SFAS No. 123(R), the Company is required to value any unvested restricted common shares granted to the Manager at the current market price. The Company valued the unvested restricted common shares granted to the Manager at $6.36 and $16.85 per share at September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively. There were $6.2 million and $3.7 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested restricted common shares granted as of September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively.

 

The following table summarizes common share option transactions:

 

 

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price

 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2008

 

1,932,279

 

$

20.00

 

Granted

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

 

Outstanding as of September 30, 2008

 

1,932,279

 

$

20.00

 

 

24



 

As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, 1,932,279 common share options were exercisable. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the common share options were fully vested and expire in August 2014. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, the components of share-based compensation expense are as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

For the three

 

For the three

 

For the nine

 

For the nine

 

 

 

months ended

 

months ended

 

months ended

 

months ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

Options granted to Manager

 

$

 

$

(192

)

$

 

$

246

 

Restricted shares granted to Manager

 

(195

)

(4,389

)

462

 

1,651

 

Restricted shares granted to certain directors

 

142

 

178

 

497

 

392

 

Total share-based compensation expense

 

$

(53

)

$

(4,403

)

$

959

 

$

2,289

 

 

Note 14. Management Agreement and Related Party Transactions

 

The Manager manages the Company’s day-to-day operations, subject to the direction and oversight of the Company’s board of directors. The Management Agreement expires on December 31 of each year, but is automatically renewed for a one-year term each December 31 unless terminated upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the Company’s independent directors, or by a vote of the holders of a majority of the Company’s outstanding common shares, based upon (1) unsatisfactory performance by the Manager that is materially detrimental to the Company or (2) a determination that the management fee payable by the Manager is not fair, subject to the Manager’s right to prevent such a termination under this clause (2) by agreeing to a mutually acceptable reduction of management fees. The Manager must be provided 180 days prior notice of any such termination and will be paid a termination fee equal to four times the sum of the average annual base management fee and the average annual incentive fee for the two 12-month periods immediately preceding the date of termination, calculated as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter prior to the date of termination.

 

The Management Agreement contains certain provisions requiring the Company to indemnify the Manager with respect to all losses or damages arising from acts not constituting bad faith, willful misconduct, or gross negligence. The Company has evaluated the impact of these guarantees on its condensed consolidated financial statements and determined that they are not material.

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, the Company incurred $8.7 million and $25.1 million, respectively, in base management fees. In addition, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to common share options and restricted common shares granted to the Manager of $(0.2) million and $0.5 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 (see Note 13). The Company also reimbursed the Manager $2.5 million and $7.6 million, respectively, for expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008. For the three and nine months ended September 30 , 2007, the Company incurred $8.2 million and $22.5 million, respectively, in base management fees. In addition, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense related to common share options and restricted common shares granted to the Manager of $(4.6) million and $1.9 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 (see Note 13). The Company also reimbursed the Manager $1.9 million and $5.8 million, respectively, for expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. Base management fees incurred and share-based compensation expense relating to common share options and restricted common shares granted to the Manager are included in related party management compensation on the consolidated statements of operations. Expenses incurred by the Manager and reimbursed by the Company are reflected in the respective condensed consolidated statements of operations, non-investment expense category based on the nature of the expense.

 

The Manager is waiving the receipt of base management fees earned related to the $230.4 million common share offering and $270.0 million common share rights offering that occurred during the third quarter of 2007 until such time as the Company’s common share closing price on the NYSE is $20.00 or more for five consecutive trading days. Accordingly, the Manager permanently waived the receipt of approximately $2.2 million and $6.6 million of base management fees earned during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.

 

No incentive fees were earned by the Manager during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and for the three months ended September 30, 2007, but $12.6 million was earned by the Manager during the nine months ended September 30, 2007. An affiliate of the Manager has entered into separate management agreements with the respective investment vehicles for CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1, CLO 2007-A and Wayzata and is entitled to receive fees for the services performed as collateral manager. The collateral manager has permanently waived fees of approximately $62.1 million and $18.6 million as of September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively. Beginning

 

25



 

April 15, 2007, an affiliate of the Manager ceased waiving fees for CLO 2005-1 for the services performed as collateral manager. The Company recorded an expense of $1.3 million and $3.8 million for collateral management fees for CLO 2005-1 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively. The collateral manager evaluates such waivers on a quarterly basis and there are no assurances that the collateral manager will waive such management fees subsequent to September 30, 2008.

 

The Company has invested in corporate loans and debt securities of entities that are affiliates of KKR. As of September 30, 2008, t he aggregate par amount of these affiliated investments totaled $3.7 billion, or approximately 35% of the total investment portfolio, and consisted of 23 issuers. The total $3.7 billion in investments were comprised of $2.8 billion of corporate loans, $720.6 million of corporate debt securities available for sale, and $270.3 million notional amount of corporate loans financed under total rate of return swaps (included in derivative assets and liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet).

 

Note 15. Fair Value Disclosure

 

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities (including derivatives that are presented net) measured at fair value as of September 30, 2008, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Balance as of
September 30, 2008

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities available-for-sale

 

$

5,577

 

$

900,256

 

$

117,443

 

$

1,023,276

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

 

112,980

 

112,980

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

 

 

3,054,756

 

3,054,756

 

REO

 

 

 

10,857

 

10,857

 

Corporate loans held for sale

 

 

28,201

 

 

28,201

 

Total

 

$

5,577

 

$

928,457

 

$

3,296,036

 

$

4,230,070

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives, net

 

$

 

$

21,163

 

$

(52,896

$

(31,733

)

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

 

 

(2,868,232

)

(2,868,232

)

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

(58,937

)

(24,570

 

(83,507

)

Total

 

$

(58,937

)

$

(3,407

)

$

(2,921,128

)

$

(2,983,472

)

 

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities (including derivatives that are presented net) measured at fair value as of December 31, 2007, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

 

Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

 

Balance as of
December 31, 2007

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities available-for-sale

 

$

47,777

 

$

1,212,266

 

$

99,498

 

$

1,359,541

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities

 

 

131,688

 

 

131,688

 

Residential mortgage loans

 

 

3,921,323

 

 

3,921,323

 

REO

 

 

7,200

 

 

7,200

 

Total

 

$

47,777

 

$

5,272,477

 

$

99,498

 

$

5,419,752

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives, net

 

$

 

$

(38,728

)

$

802

 

$

(37,926

)

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

 

(3,169,353

)

 

(3,169,353

)

Securities sold, not yet purchased

 

(32,704

)

(67,690

)

 

(100,394

)

Total

 

$

(32,704

)

$

(3,275,771

)

$

802

 

$

(3,307,673

)

 

26



 

The following table presents additional information about assets, including derivatives, that are measured at fair value for which the Company has utilized level 3 inputs to determine fair value, for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Three months ended September 30, 2008

 

Three months ended
September
30, 2007

 

 

 

Securities 
Available-
For-Sale

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities

 

Residential
Mortgage 
Loans

 

REO

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities
Issued

 

Securities 
Available-
For-Sale

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Beginning balance as of July 1

 

$

45,343

 

$

115,652

 

$

3,394,996

 

$

8,919

 

$

3,471

 

$

(3,204,392

)

$

57,000

 

$

1,317

 

Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

 

1,621

 

(168,058

 

(16,625

168,059

 

 

145

 

Included in other comprehensive loss

 

(1,532

)

 

 

 

 

 

(538

 )

 

Net transfers in and/or out of level 3

 

73,959

 

 

(1,938

1,938

 

(39,067

 

44,576

 

 

Purchases, sales, other settlements and issuances, net

 

(327

(4,293

)

(170,244

)

 

(675

)

168,101

 

 

(1,031)

 

Ending balance as of September 30

 

$

117,443

 

$

112,980

 

$

3,054,756

 

$

10,857

 

$

(52,896

$

(2,868,232

)

$

101,038

 

$

431

 

The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date (1)

 

$

 

$

1,055

 

$

(167,404

)

$

 

$

(16,625

)

$

168,059

 

$

 

$

145

 

 


(1)                                   Amounts are included in net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives and foreign exchange or net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

The following table presents additional information about assets, including derivatives that are measured at fair value for which the Company has utilized level 3 inputs to determine fair value, for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2008

 

Nine months ended
September 30,
2007

 

 

 

Securities
Available-
For-Sale

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities

 

Residential
Mortgage
Loans

 

REO

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Residential
Mortgage-
Backed
Securities 
Issued

 

Securities 
Available-
For-Sale

 

Derivatives,
net

 

Beginning balance as of January 1

 

$

99,498

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

802

 

$

 

$

104,498

 

$

 

Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

 

(5,515

)

(307,122

)

 

(16,158

)

315,311

 

 

431

 

Included in other comprehensive loss

 

(5,622

)

 

 

 

 

 

(36

)

 

Net transfers in and/or out of level 3

 

41,234

 

131,688

 

3,917,666

 

10,857

 

(36,256

(3,169,353

)

44,074

 

 

Purchases, sales, other settlements and issuances, net

 

(17,667

)

(13,193

)

(555,788

)

 

(1,284

)

(14,190

)

(47,498

)

 

Ending balance as of September 30

 

$

117,443

 

$

112,980

 

$

3,054,756

 

$

10,857

 

$

(52,896

$

(2,868,232

)

$

101,038

 

$

431

 

The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date (1)

 

$

 

$

(8,195

)

$

(318,679

)

$

 

$

(16,158

)

$

315,311

 

$

 

$

431

 

 


(1)                                   Amounts are included in net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives and foreign exchange or net realized and unrealized (loss) gain on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

27



 

Note 16. Contingencies

 

In the normal course of business, the Company has been named as a defendant in legal actions. The Company has denied, or believes it has a meritorious defense and will deny liability in the significant cases pending against the Company discussed below. Based on current discussion and consultation with counsel, the Company’s management believes that the resolution of these matters will not have a material impact on the financial condition or cash flow of the Company.

 

On August 7, 2008, the members of the Company’s board of directors and certain of the Company’s executive officers (the “Individual Defendants”) and the Company (collectively, “Defendants”) were named in a putative class action complaint (the “Complaint”) filed by Charter Township of Clinton Police and Fire Retirement System in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Charter Litigation”). The Complaint alleges that the Company’s April 2, 2007 registration statement and prospectus (the “April 2, 2007 Registration Statement”) contained material misstatements and omissions in violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"),  regarding the risks associated with the Company’s real estate related assets, the state of the Company’s capital in light of its real estate related assets, and the adequacy of the Company’s loss reserves for its real estate related assets (the “alleged Section 11 violation”). The Complaint further alleges that pursuant to Section 15 of the 1933 Act, the Individual Defendants have legal responsibility for the alleged Section 11 violation.

 

The parties have stipulated that Defendants shall not be required to answer or otherwise respond to the Complaint. Pursuant to section 27(a) of the 1933 Act, the court is required to appoint a Lead Plaintiff by November 5, 2008. The parties have stipulated that the Lead Plaintiff shall file and serve a consolidated amended complaint or designate a previously-filed complaint as the operative complaint (the “Operative Complaint”) no later than 45 days after an order appointing it is entered by the Court.  The parties have further stipulated that Defendants shall file an answer, motion to dismiss, or other response to the Operative Complaint no later than 45 days after it is served.

 

On August 15, 2008, the members of the Company’s board of directors and the Company’s executive officers (the “Director and Officer Defendants”) were named in a shareholder derivative action (the “Derivative Action”) brought by Raymond W. Kostecka, a purported shareholder of the Company, in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco. The Company is named as a nominal defendant.  The complaint in the Derivative Action asserts claims against the Director and Officer Defendants for breaches of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment in connection with the conduct at issue in the Charter Litigation, including the filing of the April 2, 2007 Registration Statement with alleged material misstatements and omissions.

 

The parties have submitted a stipulation requesting that the proceedings in the Derivative Action be stayed until the Charter Litigation is dismissed on the pleadings or the Company files an answer to the Charter Litigation. 

 

Note 17. Subsequent Events

 

On November 6, 2008, the Company’s board of directors elected to not pay a dividend for the third quarter of 2008.

 

On November 10, 2008, the Company entered into an agreement to replace its existing revolving credit facility with a new $300.0 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility. The new facility matures on November 10, 2010. The facility bears interest at a rate of 30-day London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) plus 3.00% per annum and the commitment of the initial lenders in the facility is reduced to $150.0 million on the one-year anniversary of the facility. The Company can satisfy the $150.0 million commitment reduction by either paying down the facility or syndicating the facility to other lenders prior to November 10, 2009. Under the terms of the credit agreement, the Company will be restricted from making cash distributions to its shareholders in excess of the amount estimated by the Company to be necessary for its shareholders to satisfy their federal and state tax liabilities with respect to their allocable share of the Company's taxable income. This restriction will terminate as of November 10, 2009 as long as the Company satisfies certain borrowing base conditions contained in the credit agreement. As of November 7, 2008, the Company had $368.3 million outstanding under its existing revolving credit facility.

 

On November 10, 2008, the Company entered into an agreement for a two-year $100.0 million standby unsecured revolving credit agreement with the Company’s external manager, KKR Financial Advisors LLC, and Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC, the parent of the Company’s external manager. The borrowing facility matures in December 2010 and bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR for an interest period of 1, 2 or 3 months (at the Company’s option) plus 15.00% per annum.  Under the terms of the agreement, the Company can elect to capitalize a portion of accrued interest on any loan under the agreement by adding up to 80% of the interest due and payable at a particular time in respect of such loan to the outstanding principal amount of the loan.

 

28



 

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Unless otherwise expressly stated or the context suggests otherwise, the terms “we,” “us” and “our” refer, as of dates and for periods on and after May 4, 2007 to KKR Financial Holdings LLC and its subsidiaries and, as of dates and for periods prior to May 4, 2007, to our predecessor, KKR Financial Corp., and its subsidiaries; “Manager” means KKR Financial Advisors LLC; “KKR” means Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. and its affiliated companies (excluding portfolio companies that are minority or majority owned or managed by funds associated with KKR); “Management Agreement” means the amended and restated management agreement between KKR Financial Holdings LLC and the Manager. The following management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) is intended to assist the reader in understanding our business. The MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

Forward Looking Statements

 

Certain information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitutes “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections. Pursuant to those sections, we may obtain a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements by identifying those and by accompanying those statements with cautionary statements, which identify factors that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “aim,” “expect,” “strive,” “plan,” “estimate,” and “project,” and similar words identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are not guarantees of future performance, events or results and involve potential risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, actual results and the timing of certain events could differ materially from those addressed in forward-looking statements due to a number of factors including, but not limited to, changes in interest rates and market values, changes in prepayment rates, general economic conditions, and other factors not presently identified. Other factors that may impact our actual results are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K under the section titled “Risk Factors.”  We do not undertake, and specifically disclaim, any obligation to publicly release the result of any revisions that may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

 

Executive Overview

 

We are a specialty finance company that uses leverage with the objective of generating competitive risk-adjusted returns. We invest in financial assets primarily consisting of corporate loans and securities, including senior secured and unsecured loans, mezzanine loans, high yield corporate bonds, distressed and stressed debt securities, marketable and non-marketable equity securities, and credit default and total rate of return swaps. We also make opportunistic investments in other asset classes from time to time.

 

Our objective is to provide competitive returns to our investors through a combination of distributions and capital appreciation. As part of our investment strategy, we seek to invest opportunistically in those asset classes that can generate competitive leveraged risk-adjusted returns, subject to maintaining our exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).

 

Our income is generated primarily from (i) net interest income and dividend income, (ii) realized and unrealized gains and losses on our derivatives that are not accounted for as hedges, (iii) realized gains and losses from the sales of investments, (iv) realized and unrealized gains and losses on securities sold, not yet purchased, and (v) fee income.

 

We are a Delaware limited liability company and were organized on January 17, 2007. We are the successor to KKR Financial Corp. (the “REIT Subsidiary”), a Maryland corporation. The REIT Subsidiary was originally incorporated in the State of Maryland on July 7, 2004 and elected to be treated as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. On May 4, 2007, we completed a restructuring transaction (the “Restructuring Transaction”), pursuant to which the REIT Subsidiary became our subsidiary and each outstanding share of the REIT Subsidiary’s common stock was converted into one of our common shares, which are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the symbol “KFN”. Although we have not elected to be treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we intend to continue to operate so as to qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

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On June 30, 2008, we completed the sale of a controlling interest in the REIT subsidiary to Rock Capital 2 LLC, which did not result in a gain or loss.

 

Our Manager, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC (previously known as KKR Financial LLC), manages us pursuant to the Management Agreement. The Manager is an affiliate of KKR. In June 2008, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC became a wholly-owned subsidiary of KKR.

 

Impact of Credit Market Events

 

During the third quarter of 2008, the global credit markets continued to experience unprecedented challenges and the landscape of the U.S. financial services industry changed dramatically. During September 2008, the U.S. federal government assumed a conservatorship role for both Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. filed for bankruptcy, and the U.S. federal government provided a loan to American International Group Inc. (“AIG”) in exchange for an equity interest in AIG. During the same period, events in the credit markets forced numerous other major U.S. financial institutions to announce plans to consolidate and/or restructure their existing operations.

 

During the third quarter of 2008, illiquidity and wider credit spreads in the credit markets caused a material decline in asset prices, particularly in equities, corporate loans and high yield securities.  These market conditions have continued subsequent to quarter end. Current market events may impact our business in many ways, including the following:

 

 

·

Price declines in the investments we hold reduce the proceeds we receive for any investments that we decide to sell and in most cases would result in the realization of losses on such sales. Realization of losses on such sales, depending on their magnitude and timing, could cause us to not be in compliance at future measurement dates with covenants in our secured revolving credit facility and total rate of return swaps.

 

 

 

 

·

Declines in market values have required and may continue to require us to post substantial additional cash collateral under market value based borrowing transactions and/or derivative contracts. Specifically, derivative transactions, including total rate of return swaps, our secured revolving credit facility, and Wayzata Funding LLC (“Wayzata”) have certain provisions that require the posting of additional cash margin due to the decline in the value of assets financed through those facilities. The posting of additional cash margin adversely impacts our cash flows available for operations, new investments and dividend distributions. In addition, Wayzata’s market value features result in cash being effectively trapped in the facility and not being paid to the junior noteholders, including us, if the net asset value of Wayzata does not meet certain limits. We believe that based on current asset prices, the net asset value of Wayzata would result in cash being trapped and that during the fourth quarter of 2008 Wayzata will cease being cash flow generative to us. We cannot predict at this time how long the cessation of cash flows will last. The posting of additional cash margin and trapping of any cash could also have adverse consequences regarding our ability to retain assets to which such margin provisions pertain. Our borrowing arrangements are described in further detail under Sources of Funds in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

 

 

 

·

Declines in the market values and downgrades in the ratings of investments financed through our five cash flow collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) transactions may result in the unrestricted cash flows we receive from the CLOs being used to deleverage the facilities. While failing over-collateralization tests in these cash flow CLOs does not affect our investment portfolio or results of operations, it would adversely impact our cash flows available for operations, new investments and dividend distributions. We currently believe that during the fourth quarter of 2008, certain of our CLO facilities will temporarily cease to be cash flow generative to us , and we cannot predict at this time how long the cessation of cash flows will last . These provisions are described in further detail under Sources of Funds in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

 

 

 

·

Current illiquidity in the financial markets may impact our ability to obtain new financing facilities or replace existing financing facilities on favorable terms.

 

In light of the foregoing developments related to current credit market conditions and their attendant risks, we have taken or intend to take the following steps:

 

 

·

We have elected not to pay a dividend for the third quarter of 2008 in order to retain liquidity and provide maximum flexibility with respect to uses of liquidity in the current environment.

 

 

 

 

·

On November 10, 2008, we entered into an agreement to replace our existing revolving credit facility with a new $300.0 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility. The new facility extends our revolving credit maturity and provides for less restrictive financial covenants that will enhance our flexibility to make appropriate portfolio management decisions on behalf of our shareholders. The new facility matures on November 10, 2010. The facility bears interest at a rate of 30-day London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) plus 3.00% per annum and the commitment of the initial lenders in the facility is reduced to $150.0 million on the one-year anniversary of the facility. We can satisfy the $150.0 million commitment reduction by either paying down the facility or syndicating the facility to other lenders prior to November 10, 2009. Under the terms of the credit agreement, we will be restricted from making cash distributions to our shareholders in excess of the amount estimated by us to be necessary for our shareholders to satisfy their federal and state tax liabilities with respect to their allocable share of our taxable income. This restriction will terminate as of November 10, 2009 as long as we satisfy certain borrowing base conditions contained in the credit agreement.

 

 

 

 

·

On November 10, 2008, we entered into an agreement for a two-year $100.0 million standby unsecured revolving credit agreement with our Manager, KKR Financial Advisors LLC, and Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC, the parent of our Manager. We entered into this $100.0 million standby unsecured revolving credit agreement in order to enhance our flexibility in bridging the difference in the balance outstanding under our current credit facility with the borrowing capacity under the new facility. The borrowing facility matures in December 2010 and bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR for an interest period of 1, 2 or 3 months (at our option) plus 15.00% per annum. Under the terms of the agreement, we can elect to capitalize a portion of accrued interest on any loan under the agreement by adding up to 80% of the interest due and payable at a particular time in respect of such loan to the outstanding principal amount of the loan.

 

 

 

 

·

We are evaluating whether and how to reduce our exposure and contracts that require posting of additional collateral when market values decline. Any such future reduction in exposure may result in losses on investments, losses on our investments in Wayzata, and reduction or elimination of borrowings under facilities whose terms would not be replicable in today’s financial environment.

 

Discontinued Operations

 

In August 2007, our board of directors approved a plan to exit our residential mortgage investment operations and sell the REIT Subsidiary. As of January 1, 2008, the REIT Subsidiary’s assets and liabilities consisted solely of those held by our

 

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two asset-backed commercial paper conduits (the “Facilities”).  During March 2008, we entered into an agreement with the holders of the secured liquidity notes (“SLNs”) issued by the Facilities (the “Noteholders”) in order to terminate the Facilities.  With respect to the agreement with the Noteholders, all of the residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) funded by the SLNs have been returned to the Noteholders in satisfaction of the SLNs and we have paid the Noteholders approximately $42.0 million in conjunction with this resolution. We had previously accrued $36.5 million for contingencies related to resolution of the Facilities and as a consequence of this transaction, we recorded an incremental charge during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 for $5.5 million. The agreement with the Noteholders resulted in approximated $3.6 billion par amount of RMBS being returned to the Noteholders in satisfaction of approximately $3.5 billion par amount of SLNs held by the Noteholders. Accordingly, we removed the RMBS and SLNs that related to the Facilities from our condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2008. Under the agreement with the Noteholders, both we and our affiliates have been released from any future obligations or liabilities to the Noteholders.

 

As of June 30, 2008, we substantially completed our plan to exit our residential mortgage investment operations through the sale of certain of our residential mortgage-backed securities in the third quarter of 2007 and the agreement with the Noteholders related to the Facilities described above. In addition, on June 30, 2008, we completed the sale of a controlling interest in the REIT Subsidiary to Rock Capital 2 LLC, which did not result in a gain or loss. Accordingly, the REIT Subsidiary is presented as discontinued operations for financial statement purposes for all periods presented.

 

We have determined that a sale or transfer of our remaining residential mortgage portfolio to no longer be probable in the near term. As such, our remaining residential mortgage investment operations, which were previously presented as discontinued operations, are presented as continuing operations and the associated prior period amounts presented in our condensed consolidated financial statements relating to our existing residential mortgage assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2008 have been reclassified for comparative presentation.

 

Extinguishment of Debt

 

During the third quarter of 2008, we retired $5.0 million of junior subordinated notes, which resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $3.1 million, partially offset by a $0.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.1 million of other associated costs. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we retired $40.0 million of junior subordinated notes, which resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $20.3 million, partially offset by a $1.3 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.8 million of other associated costs.

 

Common Share Offering

 

On April 8, 2008, we completed a public offering of 34.5 million common shares at a price of $11.85 per common share. Net proceeds from the transaction before expenses totaled $384.3 million.

 

Investment Portfolio

 

As of September 30, 2008, our investments in corporate loans and debt securities totaled $9.5 billion, which represents a 4.3% decrease from $10.0 billion as of December 31, 2007. Additionally, our investments in RMBS totaled $310.4 million as of September 30, 2008, which represents a decrease of 8.1% from $337.6 million as of December 31, 2007.  As described under Discontinued Operations above, we consolidate both the assets and liabilities of certain residential mortgage-backed securitization trusts in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and as a result, $197.4 million of our $310.4 million of RMBS investments are included in the consolidation of these entities and the $197.4 million represents the net difference between residential mortgage loans of $3.1 billion and residential mortgage-backed securities issued of $2.9 billion, plus $10.9 million of real estate owned (included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet).

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared by management in conformity with GAAP. Our significant accounting policies are fundamental to understanding our financial condition and results of operations because some of these policies require that we make significant estimates and assumptions that may affect the value of our assets or liabilities and financial results. We believe that certain of our policies are critical because they require us to make difficult, subjective, and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. We have reviewed these critical accounting policies with our board of directors and the audit committee of our board of directors.

 

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”), which requires additional disclosures about our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.

 

As defined in SFAS No. 157, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, valuation models are applied. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the price transparency for the instruments or market and the instruments’ complexity for disclosure purposes. Beginning in January 2007, assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their value. Hierarchical levels, as defined in SFAS No. 157 and directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuations of these assets and liabilities, are as follows:

 

Level 1: Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

The types of assets carried at level 1 fair value generally are equity securities listed in active markets.

 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

 

Fair value assets and liabilities that are generally included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, corporate loans held for sale and certain financial instruments classified as derivatives where the fair value is based on observable market inputs.

 

Level 3: Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and the consideration of factors specific to the asset.

 

Generally, assets and liabilities carried at fair value and included in this category are certain corporate debt securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain derivatives.

 

The availability of observable inputs can vary depending on the financial asset or liability and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether the product is new, whether the product is traded on an active exchange or in the secondary market, and the current market conditions. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by us in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in level 3. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

 

Fair value is a market-based measure considered from the perspective of a market participant who holds the asset or owes the liability rather than an entity-specific measure. Therefore, even when market assumptions are not readily available, our own assumptions are set to reflect those that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

 

Many financial assets and liabilities have bid and ask prices that can be observed in the marketplace. Bid prices reflect the highest price that we and others are willing to pay for an asset. Ask prices represent the lowest price that we and others are willing to accept for an asset. For financial assets and liabilities whose inputs are based on bid-ask prices, we do not require that

 

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fair value always be a predetermined point in the bid-ask range. Our policy is to allow for mid-market pricing and adjusting to the point within the bid-ask range that meets our best estimate of fair value.

 

Assets and liabilities that are valued using level 3 of the fair value hierarchy primarily consist of certain corporate debt securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, residential mortgage-backed securities issued and certain over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts.  The valuation techniques used for these are described below.

 

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities, Residential Mortgage Loans, and Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Issued: Residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using market data for similar instruments (e.g., recent transactions, nationally recognized pricing services, or broker quotes), comparisons to benchmark derivative indices or movements in underlying credit spreads.

 

Corporate Debt Securities: Corporate debt securities are initially valued at transaction price and are subsequently valued using market data for similar instruments (e.g., recent transactions or broker quotes), comparisons to benchmark derivative indices or movements in underlying credit spreads.

 

OTC Derivative Contracts: OTC derivative contracts include forward, swap and option contracts related to interest rates, foreign currencies, credit standing of reference entities, and equity prices. The fair value of OTC derivative products can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed-form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, and simulation models or a combination thereof. Many pricing models do not entail material subjectivity because the methodologies employed do not necessitate significant judgment, and the pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets, as is the case for generic interest rate swap and option contracts.

 

Share-Based Compensation

 

We account for share-based compensation issued to members of our board of directors and our Manager using the fair value based methodology in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), Share-based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123(R)”). We do not have any employees, although we believe that members of our board of directors are deemed to be employees for purposes of interpreting and applying accounting principles relating to share-based compensation. We record as compensation costs the restricted common shares that we issued to members of our board of directors at estimated fair value as of the grant date and we amortize the cost into expense over the three-year vesting period using the straight-line method. We record compensation costs for restricted common shares and common share options that we issued to our Manager at estimated fair value as of the grant date and we remeasure the amount on subsequent reporting dates to the extent the awards have not vested. Unvested restricted common shares are valued using observable secondary market prices. Unvested common share options are valued using the Black-Scholes model and assumptions based on observable market data for comparable companies. We amortize compensation expense related to the restricted common share and common share options that we granted to our Manager using the graded vesting attribution and straight-line method in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). As of September 30, 2008, the common share options were fully vested.

 

Because we remeasure the amount of compensation costs associated with the unvested restricted common shares and unvested common share options that we issued to our Manager as of each reporting period, our share-based compensation expense reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements will change based on the estimated fair value of our common shares and this may result in earnings volatility. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, share-based compensation totaled $(0.2) million and $0.5 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2008, substantially all of the non-vested restricted common shares issued that are subject to SFAS No. 123(R) are subject to remeasurement. As of September 30, 2008, a $1 increase in the price of our common shares would have increased our future share-based compensation expense by approximately $1.1 million and this future share-based compensation expense would be recognized over the remaining vesting periods of our outstanding restricted common shares. As of September 30, 2008, future unamortized share-based compensation totaled $6.2 million, of which $0.7 million, $2.7 million, and $2.8 million will be recognized in 2008, 2009, and beyond, respectively.

 

Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

We recognize all derivatives on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at estimated fair value. On the date we enter into a derivative contract, we designate and document each derivative contract as one of the following at the time the contract is executed: (i) a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value” hedge); (ii) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow” hedge); (iii) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation; or (iv) a derivative instrument not designated as a hedging instrument (“free-standing

 

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derivative”). For a fair value hedge, we record changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative and, to the extent that it is effective, changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk, in the current period earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For a cash flow hedge, we record changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative to the extent that it is effective in other comprehensive income. We subsequently reclassify these changes in estimated fair value to net income in the same period(s) that the hedged transaction affects earnings in the same financial statement category as the hedged item. For free-standing derivatives, we report changes in the fair values in current period other (loss) income.

 

We formally document at inception our hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, our risk management objectives, strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and our evaluation of effectiveness of its hedged transactions. Periodically, as required by SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities , as amended and interpreted (“SFAS No. 133”), we also formally assesses whether the derivative designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be and has been highly effective in offsetting changes in estimated fair values or cash flows of the hedged item using either the dollar offset or the regression analysis method. If we determine that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, we discontinue hedge accounting.

 

We are not required to account for our derivative contracts using hedge accounting as described above. If we decide not to designate the derivative contracts as hedges or if we fail to fulfill the criteria necessary to qualify for hedge accounting, then the changes in the estimated fair values of our derivative contracts would affect periodic earnings immediately potentially resulting in the increased volatility of our earnings. The qualification requirements for hedge accounting are complex and as a result, we must evaluate, designate, and thoroughly document each hedge transaction at inception and perform ineffectiveness analysis and prepare related documentation at inception and on a recurring basis thereafter. As of September 30, 2008, the estimated fair value of our net derivative liabilities totaled $31.7 million.

 

Impairments

 

We evaluate our investment portfolio for impairment as of each quarter end or more frequently if we become aware of any material information that would lead us to believe that an investment may be impaired. We evaluate whether the investment is considered impaired and whether the impairment is other-than-temporary. If we make a determination that the impairment is other-than-temporary, we recognize an impairment loss equal to the difference between the amortized cost basis and the estimated fair value of the investment. Evaluating whether the impairment of an investment is other-than-temporary requires significant judgment and requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions. We consider many factors in determining whether the impairment of an investment is other-than-temporary, including but not limited to the length of time the security has had a decline in estimated fair value below its amortized cost, the amount of the loss, our intent and financial ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient for a recovery in its estimated fair value, recent events specific to the issuer or industry, external credit ratings and recent downgrades in such ratings. As of September 30, 2008, we had aggregate unrealized losses on our securities classified as available-for-sale of approximately $356.0 million, which if not recovered may result in the recognition of future losses. As of September 30, 2008, there were impairments of $20.3 million which were determined to be other-than-temporary which were recorded as a loss in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

Our allowance for estimated loan losses represents our estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. When determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, we consider historical and industry loss experience, economic conditions and trends, the estimated fair values of our loans, credit quality trends and other factors that we determine are relevant. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are charged to current period earnings through the provision for loan losses. Amounts determined to be uncollectible are charged directly to the allowance for loan losses. Our allowance for loan losses consists of two components, an allocated component and an unallocated component.

 

The allocated component of our allowance for loan losses consists of individual loans that are impaired and for which the estimated allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. We consider a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, we believe it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due to us based on the contractual terms of the loan. An impaired loan may be left on accrual status during the period we are pursuing repayment of the loan; however, the loan is placed on non-accrual status at such time as: (i) we believe that scheduled debt service payments may not be paid when contractually due; (ii) the loan becomes 90 days delinquent; (iii) we determine the borrower is incapable of, or has ceased efforts toward, curing the cause of the impairment; or (iv) the net realizable value of the underlying collateral securing the loan decreases below our carrying value of such loan. While on non-accrual status, previously recognized accrued interest is reversed if it is determined that such amounts are not collectible and interest income is recognized only upon actual receipt.

 

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The unallocated component of our allowance for loan losses is determined in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies . This component of the allowance for loan losses represents our estimate of losses inherent, but unidentified, in our portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The unallocated component of the allowance for loan losses is estimated based upon a review of our loan portfolio’s risk characteristics, risk grouping of loans in the portfolio based upon estimated probability of default and severity of loss based on loan type, and consideration of general economic conditions and trends. As of September 30, 2008, our allowance for loan losses totaled $35.0 million.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In February 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 140-3, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets and Repurchase Financing Transactions (“FSP SFAS No. 140-3”). FSP SFAS No. 140-3 assumes that an initial transfer of a financial asset and a repurchase financing are considered part of the same arrangement, or a linked transaction. However, if certain criteria are met, the initial transfer and repurchase financing shall not be evaluated as a linked transaction and shall be evaluated separately under SFAS No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities (“SFAS No. 140”). FSP SFAS No. 140-3 is effective for us for repurchase financings in which the initial transfer is entered into after December 31, 2008 and early adoption is not permitted. We do not expect the adoption of FSP SFAS No. 140-3 to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 requires enhanced qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements. The additional disclosures required by SFAS No. 161 must be included in our financial statements beginning with the first quarter of 2009.

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (“FSP APB 14-1”). This FSP requires that issuers of convertible debt instruments that may be settled wholly or partly in cash when converted should separately account for the liability and equity (conversion feature) components of the instruments. As a result, interest expense should be imputed and recognized based upon the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate, which will result in lower net income. Prior to the adoption of FSP APB 14-1, APB No. 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants , provided that no portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the instrument should be attributable to the conversion feature. The 7.00% convertible senior notes issued by us in July 2007 will be subject to FSP ABP 14-1. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for us retroactively on January 1, 2009 and early adoption is prohibited. We have determined that the adoption of FSP APB 14-1 does not have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

In May 2008, FASB issued SFAS No. 163, Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60 (“SFAS No. 163”). SFAS No. 163 requires recognition of an insurance claim liability prior to an event of default (insured event) when there is evidence that credit deterioration has occurred in an insured financial obligation. SFAS No. 163 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and all interim periods within those fiscal years, and early application is not permitted. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 163 to have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

In October 2008, FASB issued FSP SFAS No. 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset when the Market for that Asset is Not Active (“FSP SFAS No. 157-3”). FSP SFAS No. 157-3 is intended to enhance the comparability and consistency in fair value measurements of financial assets that trade in inactive markets and includes illustrative examples addressing how assumptions should be considered when measuring fair value when relevant observable inputs do not exist, as well as how market quotes and available observable inputs in an inactive market should be considered when assessing the measuring fair value. FSP SFAS No. 157-3 is effective upon issuance including prior periods for which financial statements have not been issued. We have taken FSP SFAS No. 157-3 into consideration when measuring the fair value of our assets and liabilities.

 

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Results of Operations

 

Three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to three and nine months ended September 30, 2007

 

Summary

 

Our net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 totaled $49.0 million (or $0.33 per diluted common share) and $100.5 million (or $0.73 per diluted common share), respectively, as compared to net loss of $261.5 million (or $2.98 per diluted common share) and $160.1 million (or $1.93 per diluted common share) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Income from continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 totaled $49.0 million (or $0.33 per diluted common share) and $97.9 million (or $0.71 per diluted common share), respectively, as compared to $38.6 million (or $0.44 per diluted common share) and $142.9 million (or $1.73 per diluted common share) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.

 

Net Investment Income

 

The following table presents the components of our net investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007:

 

Comparative Net Investment Income Components

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
September 30, 2008

 

For the three
months ended
September 30, 2007

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2008

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2007

 

Investment Income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate loans and securities interest income

 

$

165,878

 

$

164,287

 

$

529,068

 

$

358,178

 

Residential mortgage loans and securities interest income

 

41,871

 

61,413

 

134,718

 

194,106

 

Other interest income

 

4,431

 

11,850

 

20,505

 

20,100

 

Dividend income

 

358

 

782

 

2,266

 

2,722

 

Net discount accretion

 

14,514

 

2,496

 

34,161

 

3,660

 

Total investment income

 

227,052

 

240,828

 

720,718

 

578,766

 

Interest Expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Repurchase agreements

 

970

 

22,888

 

34,407

 

63,503

 

Collateralized loan obligation senior secured notes

 

68,246

 

69,250

 

214,653

 

149,404

 

Secured revolving credit facility

 

3,496

 

3,190

 

9,269

 

6,580

 

Secured demand loan

 

 

513

 

348

 

1,728

 

Convertible senior notes

 

5,440

 

4,183

 

16,450

 

4,183

 

Junior subordinated notes

 

4,941

 

6,481

 

17,045

 

16,502

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities issued

 

31,506

 

38,072

 

99,938

 

137,650

 

Other interest expense

 

1,665

 

766

 

2,687

 

2,033

 

Interest rate swap

 

1,841

 

(285

)

5,410

 

(476

)

Total interest expense

 

118,105

 

145,058

 

400,207

 

381,107

 

Interest expense to affiliates

 

18,794

 

21,148

 

66,319

 

29,404

 

Provision for loan losses

 

 

25,000

 

10,000

 

25,000

 

Net investment income

 

$

90,153

 

$

49,622

 

$

244,192

 

$

143,255

 

 

As presented in the table above, net investment income increased $40.5 million, or 81.7%, and $100.9 million, or 70.5%, from the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively, compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008. For the three months ended September 30, 2008, the increase is primarily attributable to lower interest expense on residential mortgage-backed securities issued and no provision for loan loss recorded for the quarter ended September 30, 2008. In addition, net discount accretion increased by $12.0 million due to our portfolio of corporate loans and debt securities having a lower weighted-average purchase price as compared to prior year. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the increase is primarily attributable to the interest income earned on additional investments in our investment portfolio during 2008, as well as greater discount accretion on corporate loans and debt securities. As of September 30, 2008, we held $9.5 billion of investments in corporate loans and debt securities, excluding the allowance for loan losses of $35.0 million. In comparison, as of September 30, 2007, investments in corporate loans and debt securities totaled $8.5 billion, excluding the allowance for loan losses of $25.0 million.

 

Net investment income in the table above does not include equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate of nil for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and nil and $12.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate reflects our pro rata interest in the net income of a limited partnership that was formed to hold the subordinated interests in three entities formed to execute secured financing transactions in the form of CLOs.

 

36



 

Other (Loss) Income

 

The following table presents the components of other (loss) income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007:

 

Comparative Other (Loss) Income Components

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
September 30, 2008

 

For the three
months ended
September 30, 2007

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2008

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2007

 

Net realized and unrealized loss on derivatives and foreign exchange:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaptions

 

$

 

$

15

 

$

 

$

15

 

Interest rate swaps

 

(706

)

(822

2,820

 

(822

Credit default swaps

 

9,543

 

1,424

 

19,877

 

2,397

 

Total rate of return swaps

 

(20,019

)

(16,834

(86,464

)

(4,465

Common stock warrants

 

(15

)

145

 

(722

)

432

 

Foreign contract

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange translation

 

(4,337

30

 

(3,979

21

 

Total realized and unrealized loss on derivatives and foreign exchange

 

(15,534

)

(16,042

(68,468

)

(2,422

Net realized loss on residential loans carried at estimated fair value

 

(1,589

)

(141

(3,088

)

(342

Net unrealized gain (loss) on residential mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage loans, and residential mortgage-backed securities issued, carried at estimated fair value

 

1,710

 

(39,145

(11,563

)

(40,636

)

Net realized (loss) gain on investments

 

(17,996

)

53,400

 

(36,647

)

87,164

 

Impairment of securities available-for-sale

 

(10,566

)

 

(20,254

)

 

Lower of cost or estimated fair value adjustment to loans held for sale

 

284

 

 

(2,353

)

 

Gain on extinguishment of debt

 

3,056

 

 

20,281

 

 

Net realized and unrealized gain on securities sold, not yet purchased

 

14,242

 

2,220

 

22,892

 

2,795

 

Other income

 

2,470

 

2,760

 

7,939

 

7,347

 

Total other (loss) income

 

$

(23,923

)

$

3,052

 

$

(91,261

)

$

53,906

 

 

As presented in the table above, total other loss totaled $23.9 million and $91.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to other income of $3.1 million and $53.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. The change in total other (loss) income for the three months ended September 30, 2008 is primarily attributable to a $15.5 million net realized and unrealized loss on derivatives and foreign exchange of which $20.0 million was related to total rate of return swaps, an $18.0 million realized loss on sales of investments, and $10.6 million of losses due to the impairment of securities available-for-sale, all partially offset by a $3.1 million gain on the extinguishment of junior subordinated notes, a $1.7 million net unrealized gain on the estimated fair value of our residential mortgage positions, and a $14.2 million net realized and unrealized gain on securities sold, not yet purchased. The change in total other (loss) income for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 is primarily attributable to a $68.5 million net realized and unrealized loss on derivatives and foreign exchange of which $86.5 million was related to total rate of return swaps, a $36.6 million realized loss on sales of investments, and $20.3 million of losses due to the impairment of securities available-for-sale, all partially offset by a $20.3 million gain on the extinguishment of junior subordinated notes, and a $22.9 million net realized and unrealized gain on securities sold, not yet purchased.

 

37



 

Non-Investment Expenses

 

The following table presents the components of non-investment expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007:

 

Comparative Non-Investment Expense Components

(Amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

For the three
months ended
September 30, 2008

 

For the three
months ended
September 30, 2007

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2008

 

For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2007

 

Related party management compensation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Base management fees

 

$

8,729

 

$

8,229

 

$

25,089

 

$

22,502

 

Incentive fee

 

 

 

 

12,620

 

Share-based compensation

 

(195

(4,581

462

 

1,897

 

CLO management fees

 

1,277

 

1,277

 

3,806

 

2,319

 

Related party management compensation

 

9,811

 

4,925

 

29,357

 

39,338

 

Professional services

 

1,335

 

2,194

 

4,263

 

3,495

 

Loan servicing expense

 

2,274

 

2,729

 

7,234

 

8,751

 

Insurance expense

 

302

 

161

 

621

 

547

 

Directors expenses

 

208

 

380

 

924

 

984

 

General and administrative expenses

 

3,310

 

3,301

 

12,549

 

12,564

 

Total non-investment expenses

 

$

17,240

 

$

13,690

 

$

54,948

 

$

65,679

 

 

As presented in the table above, our non-investment expenses increased by $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to September 30, 2007, but decreased by $10.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to September 30, 2007. The significant components of non-investment expense are described below.

 

Management compensation to related parties consists of base management fees payable to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement, incentive fees, collateral management fees, and share-based compensation related to restricted common shares and common share options granted to our Manager. The base management fee payable was calculated in accordance with the Management Agreement and is based on an annual rate of 1.75% times our “equity” as defined in the Management Agreement. Our Manager is also entitled to a quarterly incentive fee provided that our quarterly “net income,” as defined in the Management Agreement, before the incentive fee exceeds a defined return hurdle. The Manager did not earn an incentive fee during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2008. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, incentive fees of nil and $12.6 million were earned by the Manager, respectively.

 

General and administrative expenses consist of expenses incurred by our Manager on our behalf that are reimbursable to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement. Professional services expenses consist of legal, accounting and other professional services. Directors’ expenses represent share-based compensation, as well as expenses and reimbursables due to the board of directors for their services. The decrease in non-investment expense is primarily due to a decrease in share-based compensation related to the vesting of restricted common shares and common share options granted to our Manager, decline in estimated fair value of restricted common shares granted to our Manager, and the absence of incentive fees.

 

Income Tax Provision

 

After the Restructuring Transaction, we are no longer treated as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; however, we intend to continue to operate so as to qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership that is taxable as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Therefore, we generally are not subject to U.S. federal income tax at the entity level, but are subject to limited state income taxes. Holders of our shares are required to take into account their allocable share of each item of our income, gain, loss, deduction and credit for our taxable year end ending within or with their taxable year.

 

KKR Financial Holdings II, LLC (“KFH II”), our wholly-owned subsidiary which holds certain real estate mortgage-backed securities, elected to be taxed as a REIT and we believe that it has complied with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”), with respect thereto. KFH II is not subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent that it currently distributes its income and satisfies certain asset, income and ownership tests, and recordkeeping requirements.

 

KKR Financial CLO 2005-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2005-2, Ltd. (“CLO 2005-2”), KKR Financial CLO 2006-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2006-1”), KKR Financial CLO 2007-1, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-1”), and KKR Financial CLO 2007-A, Ltd. (“CLO 2007-A”) are foreign subsidiaries treated as disregarded entities or partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes that were established to facilitate securitization transactions, structured as secured financing transactions, and KKR TRS Holdings, Ltd. (“TRS Ltd.”) and KKR Financial Holdings, Ltd. (“KFH Ltd.”) are foreign taxable corporate subsidiaries that were formed to make certain foreign and domestic investments from time to time. TRS Ltd. and KFH Ltd. are organized as exempted companies incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and are generally not subject to U.S. federal and state

 

38



 

income tax at the corporate entity level because they restrict their activities in the U.S. to trading in stock and securities for their own account. Therefore, they generally will not be subject to corporate income tax in our financial statements on their earnings, and no provisions for income taxes for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were recorded; however, we are generally required to include their current taxable income in our calculation of taxable income allocable to shareholders.

 

Investment Portfolio

 

Corporate Investment Summary

 

The tables below summarize the carrying value, amortized cost, and estimated fair value of our corporate investment portfolio as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, classified by interest rate type. Carrying value is the value that investments are recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets and is estimated fair value for securities, amortized cost for loans held for investment, and the lower of cost or estimated fair value for corporate loans held for sale. Estimated fair values set forth in the tables below are based on dealer quotes and/or nationally recognized pricing services.

 

The table below summarizes our corporate investment portfolio as of September 30, 2008 classified by interest rate type:

 

Corporate Investment Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Carrying 
Value

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Portfolio Mix 
% by Fair Value

 

Floating Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Loans

 

$

8,388,705

 

$

8,388,705

 

$

7,100,663

 

85.9

%

Corporate Debt Securities

 

166,272

 

234,400

 

166,272

 

2.0

 

Total Floating Rate

 

8,554,977

 

8,623,105

 

7,266,935

 

87.9

 

Fixed Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Loans

 

133,027

 

133,027

 

122,572

 

1.5

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

851,427

 

1,125,101

 

851,427

 

10.3

 

Total Fixed Rate

 

984,454

 

1,258,128

 

973,999

 

11.8

 

Marketable and Non-Marketable Equity Securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable Equity Securities

 

5,577

 

17,322

 

5,577

 

0.1

 

Non-Marketable Equity Securities

 

17,505

 

17,505

 

17,505

 

0.2

 

Total Marketable and Non-Marketable Equity Securities

 

23,082

 

34,827

 

23,082

 

0.3

 

Total(1)

 

$

9,562,513

 

$

9,916,060

 

$

8,264,016

 

100.0

%

 


(1)            Total carrying value excludes allowance for loan losses of $35.0 million and includes corporate loans held for sale.

 

The schedule above excludes equity securities sold, not yet purchased, with a cost of $101.3 million and for which we had accumulated net unrealized gains of $17.8 million as of September 30, 2008.

 

39



 

The table below summarizes our investment portfolio as of December 31, 2007 classified by interest rate type:

 

Corporate Investment Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Portfolio Mix
% by Fair Value

 

Floating Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Loans

 

$

8,591,430

 

$

8,591,430

 

$

8,297,908

 

85.2

%

Corporate Debt Securities

 

200,341

 

218,722

 

200,341

 

2.0

 

Total Floating Rate

 

8,791,771

 

8,810,152

 

8,498,249

 

87.2

 

Fixed Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Loans

 

67,778

 

67,778

 

65,688

 

0.7

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

1,111,423

 

1,219,305

 

1,111,423

 

11.4

 

Total Fixed Rate

 

1,179,201

 

1,287,083

 

1,177,111

 

12.1

 

Marketable and Non-Marketable Equity Securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable equity securities

 

47,777

 

58,529

 

47,777

 

0.5

 

Non-Marketable Equity Securities

 

20,084

 

20,084

 

20,084

 

0.2

 

Total Marketable and Non-Marketable Equity Securities

 

67,861

 

78,613

 

67,861

 

0.7

 

Total(1)

 

$

10,038,833

 

$

10,175,848

 

$

9,743,221

 

100.0

%

 


(1)                                   Total carrying value excludes allowance for loan losses of $25.0 million.

 

The schedule above excludes equity securities sold, not yet purchased, with a cost of $103.1 million and for which we had accumulated net unrealized gains of $2.7 million as of December 31, 2007.

 

Corporate Loans

 

Our corporate loan portfolio totaled $8.5 billion as of September 30, 2008 and $8.7 billion as of December 31, 2007. Our corporate loan portfolio consists of debt obligations of corporations, partnerships and other entities in the form of first and second lien loans, mezzanine loans and bridge loans. As of September 30, 2008, $8.4 billion, or 98.4%, of our corporate loan portfolio was floating rate and $0.1 billion, or 1.6%, was fixed rate.  As of December 31, 2007, $8.6 billion, or 99.2%, of our corporate loan portfolio was floating rate and $0.1 billion, or 0.8%, was fixed rate.

 

All of our floating rate corporate loans have index reset frequencies of less than twelve months with the majority resetting at least quarterly. The weighted-average coupon on our floating rate corporate loans was 6.13% and 7.85% as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, and the weighted-average coupon spread to LIBOR of our floating rate corporate loan portfolio was 2.92% and 2.87% as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. The weighted-average years to maturity of our floating rate corporate loans was 5.2 years and 5.7 years as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.

 

As of September 30, 2008, our fixed rate corporate loans had a weighted-average coupon of 14.07% and a weighted-average years to maturity of 5.9 years, as compared to 11.01% and 5.8 years, respectively, as of December 31, 2007.

 

As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no corporate loan balances placed on non-accrual status. We evaluate and monitor the asset quality of our investment portfolio by performing detailed credit reviews and by monitoring key credit statistics and trends. The key credit statistics and trends we monitor to evaluate the quality of our investments include credit ratings of both our investments and the issuer, financial performance of the issuer including earnings trends, free cash flows of the issuer, debt service coverage ratios of the issuer, financial leverage of the issuer, and industry trends that have or may impact the issuer’s current or future financial performance and debt service ability. As of September 30, 2008, none of our corporate loan investments were delinquent on principal or interest payments and none of the investments were in default status. Our allowance for loan losses totaled $35.0 million and $25.0 million as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. There were no charge-offs and a $10.0 million provision for additional losses was recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2008.

 

We recorded a $2.4 million charge to earnings during the quarter ended September 30, 2008 for the lower of cost or estimated fair value adjustment for corporate loans held for sale which had an estimated fair value of $28.2 million as of September 30, 2008. We had no corporate loans held for sale as of December 31, 2007.

 

40



 

The following table summarizes the par value of our corporate loan portfolio stratified by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“Standard & Poor’s”) ratings category as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:

 

Corporate Loans

(Amounts in thousands)

 

Ratings Category

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Aaa/AAA

 

$

 

$

 

Aa1/AA+ through Aa3/AA–

 

 

 

A1/A+ through A3/A–

 

 

 

Baa1/BBB+ through Baa3/BBB–

 

 

10,353

 

Ba1/BB+ through Ba3/BB–

 

3,820,459

 

4,595,862

 

B1/B+ through B3/B–

 

4,257,648

 

3,391,638

 

Caa1/CCC+ and lower

 

672,966

 

405,584

 

Non-rated

 

32,664

 

362,731

 

Total

 

$

8,783,737

 

$

8,766,168

 

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

Our corporate debt securities portfolio totaled $1.0 billion as of September 30, 2008 and $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2007. Our corporate debt securities portfolio consists of debt obligations of corporations, partnerships and other entities in the form of senior secured and subordinated notes. As of September 30, 2008, $0.9 billion, or 83.7%, of our corporate debt securities portfolio was fixed rate and $0.2 billion, or 16.3%, was floating rate.  As of December 31, 2007, $1.1 billion, or 84.7%, of our corporate debt securities portfolio was fixed rate and $0.2 billion, or 15.3%, was floating rate.

 

As of September 30, 2008, our fixed rate corporate debt securities had a weighted-average coupon of 10.28% and a weighted-average years to maturity of 7.0 years, as compared to 10.42% and 7.5 years, respectively, as of December 31, 2007.

 

All of our floating rate corporate debt securities have index reset frequencies of less than twelve months.  The weighted-average coupon on our floating rate corporate debt securities was 6.12% and 8.39% as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, and the weighted-average coupon spread to LIBOR of our floating rate corporate debt securities was 3.27% and 3.28% as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. The weighted-average years to maturity of our floating rate corporate debt securities was 5.0 years and 5.4 years as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.

 

We evaluate and monitor the asset quality of our investment portfolio by performing detailed credit reviews and by monitoring key credit statistics and trends. The key credit statistics and trends we monitor to evaluate the quality of our investments include credit ratings of both our investments and the issuer, financial performance of the issuer including earnings trends, free cash flows of the issuer, debt service coverage ratios of the issuer, financial leverage of the issuer, and industry trends that have or may impact the issuer’s current or future financial performance and debt service ability. As of September 30, 2008, none of our investments in corporate debt securities were delinquent on principal or interest payments and none of the investments were in default status.

 

The following table summarizes the par value of our corporate debt securities portfolio stratified by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s ratings category as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:

 

Corporate Debt Securities

(Amounts in thousands)

 

Ratings Category

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Aaa/AAA

 

$

 

$

 

Aa1/AA+ through Aa3/AA–

 

20,000

 

 

A1/A+ through A3/A–

 

20,000

 

 

Baa1/BBB+ through Baa3/BBB–

 

 

 

Ba1/BB+ through Ba3/BB–

 

32,000

 

236,553

 

B1/B+ through B3/B–

 

628,006

 

431,478

 

Caa1/CCC+ and lower

 

695,970

 

772,315

 

Non-Rated

 

6,815

 

30,000

 

Total

 

$

1,402,791

 

$

1,470,346

 

 

41



 

Residential Mortgage Investment Summary

 

Our residential mortgage investment portfolio consists of investments in RMBS with an estimated fair value of $310.4 million as of September 30, 2008. The $310.4 million of RMBS is comprised of $277.2 million of RMBS that are rated investment grade or higher and $33.2 million of RMBS that are rated below investment grade. Of the $310.4 million of RMBS investments we hold, $197.4 million are in six residential mortgage-backed securitization trusts that are not structured as qualifying special-purpose entities as defined by SFAS No. 140. Accordingly, as we own the first loss securities in these trusts, we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of these entities and as such, consolidate these trusts in accordance with GAAP. This results in us reflecting the financial position and results of these trusts in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Consolidation of these six entities does not impact our net assets or net income; however, it does result in us showing the consolidated assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses on our condensed consolidated financial statements. On our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2008, the $310.4 million of RMBS is computed as our investments in RMBS of $113.0 million, plus $197.4 million, which represents the difference between residential mortgage loans of $3.1 billion less residential mortgage-backed securities issued of $2.9 billion plus $10.9 million of real estate owned that is included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. The $310.4 million of RMBS as of September 30, 2008 represents a decrease of 8.1% from $337.6 million as of December 31, 2007.

 

As our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q are presented to reflect the consolidation of the aforementioned residential mortgage securitization trusts, the information contained in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects our residential mortgage portfolio presented on a consolidated basis consistent with the disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

The tables below summarize the carrying value, amortized cost, and estimated fair value of our residential mortgage investments as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, classified by interest rate type. Carrying value is the value that investments are recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets and is estimated fair value for residential mortgage-backed securities and residential mortgage loans. Estimated fair values set forth in the tables below are based on dealer quotes, nationally recognized pricing services and/or management’s judgment when relevant observable inputs do not exist.

 

The table below summarizes our residential mortgage investment portfolio as of September 30, 2008 classified by interest rate type:

 

Residential Mortgage Investment Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Portfolio Mix 
% by Fair Value

 

Floating Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential Adjustable Rate Mortgage (“ARM”) Loans

 

$

469,576

 

$

598,838

 

$

469,576

 

14.8

%

Residential ARM Securities

 

38,217

 

49,970

 

38,217

 

1.2

 

Total Floating Rate

 

507,793

 

648,808

 

507,793

 

16.0

 

Hybrid Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential Hybrid ARM Loans

 

2,596,038

 

2,893,815

 

2,596,038

 

81.6

 

Residential Hybrid ARM Securities

 

74,762

 

80,838

 

74,762

 

2.4

 

Total Hybrid Rate

 

2,670,800

 

2,974,653

 

2,670,800

 

84.0

 

Total

 

$

3,178,593

 

$

3,623,461

 

$

3,178,593

 

100.0

%

 

The table below summarizes our residential mortgage investment portfolio as of December 31, 2007 classified by interest rate type:

 

Residential Mortgage Investment Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Carrying
Value

 

Amortized
Cost

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Portfolio Mix
% by Fair Value

 

Floating Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential ARM Loans

 

$

628,745

 

$

667,000

 

$

628,745

 

15.5

%

Residential ARM Securities

 

51,964

 

55,930

 

51,964

 

1.3

 

Total Floating Rate

 

680,709

 

722,930

 

680,709

 

16.8

 

Hybrid Rate:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential Hybrid ARM Loans

 

3,292,578

 

3,374,696

 

3,292,578

 

81.2

 

Residential Hybrid ARM Securities

 

79,724

 

85,391

 

79,724

 

2.0

 

Total Hybrid Rate

 

3,372,302

 

3,460,087

 

3,372,302

 

83.2

 

Total

 

$

4,053,011

 

$

4,183,017

 

$

4,053,011

 

100.0

%

 

42



 

Residential ARM Securities

 

Our residential ARM securities portfolio totaled $38.2 million as of September 30, 2008 and $52.0 million as of December 31, 2007.  As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, substantially all of our residential ARM securities were comprised of one-month LIBOR floating rate securities that reprice monthly and were subject to a weighted-average maximum net interest rate of 11.33% and 11.76%, respectively, which was materially above the then current weighted-average net coupon of 5.83% and 6.52%, respectively.

 

Residential ARM Securities

(Amounts in thousands)

 

Ratings Category

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Aaa/AAA

 

$

27,937

 

$

34,960

 

Aa1/AA+ through Aa3/AA–

 

 

 

A1/A+ through A3/A–

 

5,341

 

7,326

 

Baa1/BBB+ through Baa3/BBB–

 

3,356

 

4,466

 

Ba1/BB+ through Ba3/BB–

 

1,191

 

2,049

 

B1/B+ through B3/B–

 

275

 

1,196

 

Caa1/CCC+ and lower

 

 

 

Non-Rated

 

117

 

1,967

 

Total

 

$

38,217

 

$

51,964

 

 

Residential Hybrid ARM Securities

 

Our residential hybrid ARM securities portfolio totaled $74.8 million as of September 30, 2008 and $79.7 million as of December 31, 2007. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, all of our residential hybrid ARM securities had underlying mortgage loans that were originated as 5/1 hybrid ARM loans. The weighted-average coupon on the portfolio of residential hybrid securities was 4.35% and 4.18% as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, our weighted-average months until roll date for the mortgage loans underlying our residential hybrid ARM securities was 7 and 12, respectively.

 

Residential Hybrid ARM Securities

(Amounts in thousands)

 

Ratings Category

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Aaa/AAA

 

$

18,542

 

$

23,083

 

Aa1/AA+ through Aa3/AA–

 

26,129

 

26,756

 

A1/A+ through A3/A–

 

15,434

 

14,898

 

Baa1/BBB+ through Baa3/BBB–

 

6,102

 

9,002

 

Ba1/BB+ through Ba3/BB–

 

3,021

 

2,915

 

B1/B+ through B3/B–

 

1,856

 

1,356

 

Caa1/CCC+ and lower

 

 

 

Non-Rated

 

3,678

 

1,714

 

Total

 

$

74,762

 

$

79,724

 

 

Residential ARM Loans

 

Our residential ARM loans portfolio totaled $469.6 million as of September 30, 2008 and $628.7 million as of December 31, 2007. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, all of our residential ARM loans were comprised of one-month LIBOR floating rate loans that reprice monthly and were subject to a weighted-average maximum net interest rate of 11.93% which was well above the then current weighted-average net coupon of 3.68% and 6.19%, respectively.

 

43



 

Residential Hybrid ARM Loans

 

Our residential hybrid ARM loans portfolio totaled $2.6 billion as of September 30, 2008 and $3.3 billion as of December 31, 2007. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, all of our residential hybrid ARM loans were originated as either 3/1 or 5/1 hybrid ARM loans. The weighted-average net coupon on the portfolio of residential hybrid loans was 4.87% and 4.88% as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the weighted-average months until roll date for the mortgage loans underlying our residential hybrid ARM securities was 15 and 22, respectively.

 

Portfolio Purchases

 

We purchased $0.5 billion and $1.8 billion par amount of investments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, compared to $2.2 billion and $5.1 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively.

 

The table below summarizes our investment portfolio purchases for the periods indicated and includes the par amount of the corporate debt securities and loans that were purchased:

 

Investment Portfolio Purchases

(Dollar amounts in thousands)

 

 

 

Three months ended
September 30, 2008

 

Three months ended
September 30, 2007

 

Nine months ended
September 30, 2008

 

Nine months ended
September 30, 2007

 

 

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Par Amount

 

%

 

Securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Debt Securities

 

$

50,000

 

10.5

%

$

184,500

 

8.4

%

$

176,747

 

9.9

%

$

942,500

 

18.4

%

Marketable Equity Securities

 

 

 

2,225

 

0.1

 

6,496

 

0.4

 

42,859

 

0.8

 

Non-Marketable Equity Securities

 

 

 

5,690

 

0.2

 

 

 

13,190

 

0.3

 

Total Securities Principal Balance

 

50,000

 

10.5

 

192,415

 

8.7

 

183,243

 

10.3

 

998,549

 

19.5

 

Loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Loans

 

426,320

 

89.5

 

2,013,571

 

91.3

 

1,597,573

 

89.7

 

4,115,402

 

80.5

 

Grand Total Principal Balance

 

$

476,320

 

100.0

%

$

2,205,986

 

100.0

%

$

1,780,816

 

100.0

%

$

5,113,951

 

100.0

%

 

The schedule above excludes equity securities sold, not yet purchased, with a cost of $101.3 million and $67.2 million as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Discontinued Operations

 

Summarized financial information for discontinued operations is as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

Assets of discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

3,049,758

 

Liabilities of discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

3,644,083

 

 

(Loss) income from discontinued operations is as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

September 30, 2008

 

September 30, 2007

 

(Loss) income from discontinued operations

 

$

 

$

(300,105

)

$

2,668

 

$

(303,055

)

 

Shareholders’ Equity

 

Our shareholders’ equity at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 totaled $1.7 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. Included in our shareholders’ equity as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, was accumulated other comprehensive loss totaling $377.9 million and $157.2 million, respectively.

 

44



 

Our average shareholders’ equity and return on average shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 was $1.8 billion and 10.7% and $1.8 billion and 7.6%, respectively. Our average shareholders’ equity and return on average shareholders’ equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $1.6 billion and (64.7)% and $1.7 billion and (12.8)%, respectively. Return on average shareholders’ equity is defined as net income divided by weighted-average shareholders’ equity. Our book value per share as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 was $11.47 and $14.27, respectively, and is computed based on 150,881,500 and 115,248,990 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We manage our liquidity with the intention of maintaining the continuing ability to fund our operations and fulfill our commitments on a timely and cost-effective basis. Based on changes in our working capital, for any given period the cash flows provided by operating activities may be less than the cumulative distributions paid on our shares for such period and such shortfall, if any, may be funded through the issuance of unsecured indebtedness or through the borrowing of additional amounts through the pledging of certain of our assets. Our board of directors considers available liquidity when declaring distributions to shareholders. As of September 30, 2008, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents totaling $196.5 million and as of the date we filed this Form 10-Q, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $120.0 million.

 

We believe that our liquidity level and access to additional financing are in excess of that necessary to sufficiently enable us to meet our anticipated liquidity requirements including, but not limited to, funding our purchases of investments, required cash payments and additional collateral under our borrowings and our derivative transactions, required periodic cash payments related to our derivative transactions, payment of fees and expenses related to our Management Agreement, payment of general corporate expenses and general corporate capital expenditures, and implementing our long-term business strategy, although there can be no assurance in this regard.

 

Our ability to meet our long-term liquidity and capital resource requirements may be subject to our ability to obtain additional debt financing and equity capital. We may increase our capital resources through offerings of equity securities (possibly including common shares and one or more classes of preferred shares), medium-term notes, securitization transactions structured as secured financings, and senior or subordinated notes. If we are unable to renew, replace or expand our sources of financing on acceptable terms, it may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to shareholders. Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive, and any holders of preferred shares that we may issue in the future may receive, a distribution of our available assets prior to holders of our common shares. The decisions by investors and lenders to enter into equity, and financing transactions with us will depend upon a number of factors, including our historical and projected financial performance, compliance with the terms of our current credit arrangements, industry and market trends, the availability of capital and our investors’ and lenders’ policies and rates applicable thereto, and the relative attractiveness of alternative investment or lending opportunities.

 

Additional factors that may impact our liquidity and capital resources in light of the current economic environment are described under Impact of Credit Market Events in the Executive Overview section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

Sources of Funds

 

Common Share Offering

 

On April 8, 2008, we completed a public offering of 34.5 million common shares at a price of $11.85 per common share. Net proceeds from the transaction before expenses totaled $384.3 million.

 

Cash Flow CLO Transactions

 

As of September 30, 2008, we had five cash flow CLO transactions outstanding, consisting of CLO 2005-1, CLO 2005-2, CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1 and CLO 2007-A. In aggregate, these transaction issued an aggregate of $8.0 billion of secured notes. An affiliate of our Manager owns a 37% interest in CLO 2007-1 and CLO 2007-A. The par amount of the interests in the cash flow CLOs held by the affiliate of our Manager is $525.4 million, which is reflected as collateralized loan obligation junior secured notes to affiliates on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. In accordance with GAAP, we consolidate each of these CLO transactions. We utilize cash flow CLOs to fund our investments in corporate loans and corporate debt securities.

 

The indentures governing our CLO transactions include numerous compliance tests, the majority of which relate to the CLO’s portfolio profile. In the event that a portfolio profile test is not met, the indenture places restrictions on the ability of the CLO’s manager to reinvest available principal proceeds generated by the collateral in the CLOs until the specific test has been cured.

 

In addition to the portfolio profile tests, the indentures for the CLO transactions include over-collateralization tests which set the ratio of the collateral value of the assets in the CLO to the tranches of debt for which the test is being measured, as well as interest coverage tests.  For purposes of the calculation, collateral value is the par value of the assets unless an asset is in default, is a discounted obligation, or is a CCC-rated asset in excess of the percentage of CCC-rated asset limit specified for each CLO transaction. If an asset is in default, the indenture for each CLO transaction defines the value used to determine the collateral value, which value is

 

45



 

generally the lower of market value of the asset or the recovery value proscribed for the asset based on its type and rating by Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s.

 

A discount obligation is an asset with a purchase price of less than a particular percentage of par. The discount obligation amounts are specified in each CLO transaction and are generally set at a purchase price of less than 80% of par for corporate loans and 75% of par for corporate debt securities.

 

The indenture for each CLO transaction specifies a CCC-threshold for the percentage of total assets in the CLO that can be rated CCC. All assets in excess of the CCC threshold specified for the respective CLO are included in the over-collateralization test at market value and not par. 

 

Defaults of assets in CLOs, ratings downgrade of assets in CLOs to CCC, price declines of CCC assets in excess of the proscribed CCC threshold amount, and price declines in assets classified as discount obligations may reduce the over-collateralization ratio such that a CLO is not in compliance. If a CLO is not in compliance with an over-collateralization test, cash flows normally payable to the holders of junior classes of notes will be used by the CLO to amortize the most senior class of notes until such point as the over-collateralization test is brought back into compliance. Recent declines in asset prices, particularly in the corporate loan and high yield securities asset classes, have been of a historic magnitude and have therefore increased the risk of failing the over-collateralization tests on all CLO transactions. Accordingly, we expect that one or more CLO transactions will be out of compliance with the over-collateralization tests for periods of time. While being out of compliance with an over-collateralization test would not impact our investment portfolio or results of operations, it would impact our unrestricted cash flows available for operations, new investments and dividend distributions. As of the date we filed this Form 10-Q, we believe that based on current asset prices that we would be failing one or more of the over-collateralization tests for CLO 2006-1, CLO 2007-1 and CLO 2007-A.

 

Wayzata

 

Wayzata is a $2.0 billion market value CLO transaction. Through the transaction, $1.6 billion of senior notes were issued to an unaffiliated third party and $336.0 million and $84.0 million of junior notes are held by us and an affiliate of our Manager, respectively. As we own the majority of the junior notes, we consolidate Wayzata on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Similar to our cash flow CLOs, we utilize Wayzata to fund our investments in corporate loans and corporate debt securities.

 

Wayzata’s market value structure provides for an approximately 5% decline in Wayzata’s net asset value to occur prior to any requirement to add additional junior notes to the facility. In the event that the market value of the assets financed in the facility decline by greater than the aforementioned 5% trigger amount, the facility will go into default unless junior notes are issued in an amount equal to or greater than the aggregate amount of the decline in the net asset value of the assets financed in the facility. If the facility were to go into default without remedy, then the holders of the senior notes would foreclose on the collateral of the facility. As of September 30, 2008, Wayzata’s net asset value had not declined below the trigger amount; however, due to the recent market declines in asset prices, there is no guarantee Wayzata’s net asset value may not decline by greater than the approximately 5% trigger amount. In addition, Wayzata’s market value features result in cash being effectively trapped in the facility and not being paid to the junior noteholders, including us, if the net asset value of Wayzata does not meet certain limits. We believe that based on current asset prices, the net asset value of Wayzata would result in cash being trapped and that during the fourth quarter of 2008, Wayzata will cease being cash flow generative to us, and we cannot predict at this time how long the cessation of cash flows will last. While maintaining a net asset value of Wayzata below the amount required to receive cash distributions will not impact our investment portfolio or results of operations, it will impact our unrestricted cash flows available for operations, new investments and dividend distributions.

 

 

46



 

 

Senior Secured Asset-Based Revolving Credit Facility

 

On November 10, 2008, we and certain of our subsidiaries (collectively, the “Borrowers”) entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Bank of America, N.A. and Citicorp North America, Inc., as lenders.  The Credit Agreement provides for a two-year $300.0 million senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility (the “Facility”). The Facility is subject, among other things, to the terms of a borrowing base derived from the value of eligible specified financial assets.  The borrowing base is subject to certain reserves and caps customary for financings of this type.  Prior to the one-year anniversary of the closing of the credit agreement (the “Adjustment Date”), the Borrowers (i) may borrow, prepay and reborrow amounts in excess of the borrowing base availability and (ii) must prepay loans with net cash proceeds from certain types of asset sales to the extent aggregate amounts outstanding under the Facility exceed the borrowing base then in effect.  On and after the Adjustment Date, if at any time the aggregate amounts outstanding under the Facility exceed the borrowing base then in effect, a prepayment of an amount sufficient to eliminate such excess is required to be made.

 

The Borrowers have the right to prepay loans under the Facility in whole or in part at any time. All amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement must be repaid on or before November 10, 2010.  Initial borrowings under the Credit Agreement are subject to, among other things, the substantially concurrent repayment by the Borrowers of all amounts due and owing under the existing credit facility and such facility’s effective termination.

 

Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Borrower’s option, at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum or an alternate base rate.  Ongoing extensions of credit under the Credit Agreement are subject to customary conditions, including, after the Adjustment Date, sufficient availability under the borrowing base.  The Credit Agreement also contains covenants that require the Borrowers to satisfy a net worth financial test and maintain a certain leverage ratio.  In addition, the Credit Agreement contains customary negative covenants applicable to the Borrowers and their subsidiaries, including negative covenants that restrict the ability of such entities to, among other things, (i) incur additional indebtedness or engage in certain other types of financing transactions, (ii) allow certain liens to attach to such entities’ assets, and (iii) pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments.  The Credit Agreement also includes other covenants, representations, warranties, indemnities and events of default, that are customary for facilities of this type, including events of default relating to a change of control.

 

Standby Revolving Credit Facility

 

On November 10, 2008, the Borrowers entered into an agreement for a two-year $100.0 million standby unsecured revolving credit agreement (the “Standby Agreement”) with our external manager, KKR Financial Advisors LLC, and Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (Fixed Income) LLC, the parent of our external manager. The borrowing facility matures in December 2010 and bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR for an interest period of 1, 2 or 3 months (at our option) plus 15.00% per annum. Under the terms of the agreement, we can elect to capitalize a portion of accrued interest on any loan under the agreement by adding up to 80% of the interest due and payable at a particular time in respect of such loan to the outstanding principal amount of the loan.  The Borrowers have the right to prepay loans under the Standby Agreement in whole or in part at any time. The Standby Agreement includes covenants, representations, warranties, indemnities and events of default that are customary for facilities of this type.

 

Junior Subordinated Notes

 

During the third quarter of 2008, we retired $5.0 million of junior subordinated notes, which resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $3.1 million, partially offset by a $0.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.1 million of other associated costs. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we retired $40.0 million of junior subordinated notes, which resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $20.3 million, partially offset by a $1.3 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and $0.8 million of other associated costs.

 

Capital Utilization and Leverage

 

As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had shareholders’ equity totaling $1.7 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively and our leverage was 5.3 times and 6.2 times equity, respectively.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

 

As of September 30, 2008, we had committed to purchase corporate loans with aggregate commitments totaling $231.1 million. This amount reflects unsettled trades as of September 30, 2008.

 

We participate in certain financing arrangements, including revolvers and delayed draw facilities, whereby we are committed to provide funding at the discretion of the borrower up to a specific predetermined amount. As of September 30, 2008, we had unfunded financing commitments totaling $170.6 million.

 

Partnership Tax Matters

 

Qualifying Income Exception

 

We intend to continue to operate so as to qualify as a partnership, and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, if a partnership is “publicly traded” (as defined in the Code), it will be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income purposes. A publicly traded partnership will, however, be taxed as a partnership, and not as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, so long as it is not required to register under the Investment Company Act and at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year constitutes “qualifying income” within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Code. We refer to this exception as the “qualifying income exception.” Qualifying income generally includes rents, dividends, interest (to the extent such interest is neither derived from the “conduct of a financial or insurance business” nor based, directly or indirectly, upon “income or profits” of any person), and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of stocks, bonds and real property. Qualifying income also includes other income derived from the business of investing in, among other things, stocks and securities.

 

              If we fail to satisfy the “qualifying income exception” described above, items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit would not pass through to holders of our shares and such holders would be treated for U.S. federal (and certain state and local) income tax purposes as shareholders in a corporation. In such case, we would be required to pay income tax at regular corporate rates on all of our income. In addition, we would likely be liable for state and local income and/or franchise taxes on all of our income. Distributions to holders of our shares would constitute ordinary dividend income taxable to such holders to the extent of our earnings and profits, and these distributions would not be deductible by us. If we were taxable as a corporation, it could result in a material reduction in cash flow and after-tax return for holders of our shares and thus could result in a substantial reduction in the value of our shares and any other securities we may issue.

 

Non-Cash “Phantom” Taxable Income

 

We intend to continue to operate so as to qualify, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. Holders of our shares are subject to U.S. federal income taxation and, in some cases, state, local and foreign income taxation, on their allocable share of our taxable income, regardless of whether or when they receive cash distributions. In addition, certain of our investments, including investments in foreign CLO issuers and debt securities, may produce taxable income without corresponding distributions of cash to us or produce taxable income prior to or following the receipt of cash relating to such income. Consequently, in some taxable years, holders of

 

47



 

our shares may recognize taxable income in excess of our cash distributions, and if we did not pay dividends, would not receive cash distributions, but would have a tax liability attributable to their allocation of our taxable income.

 

Exemption from Regulation under the Investment Company Act

 

We intend to conduct our operations so that we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Section 3(a)(l)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire “investment securities” having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis (the “40% test”). Excluded from the term “investment securities,” among other things, are securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exceptions from the definition of an investment company provided by Section 3(c)(l) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.

 

We are organized as a holding company that conducts its operations primarily through majority-owned subsidiaries. As a result, the securities issued to us by our subsidiaries that are excepted from the definition of an “investment company” by Section 3(c)(l) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, together with any other “investment securities” we may own, may not have a combined value in excess of 40% of the value of our total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. This requirement limits the types of businesses in which we may engage through our subsidiaries.

 

The determination of whether an entity is a majority-owned subsidiary of ours is made by us. The Investment Company Act defines a “majority-owned subsidiary of a person” as a company owning 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of which are owned by such person, or by another company which is a majority-owned subsidiary of such person. The Investment Company Act further defines “voting securities” as any security presently entitling the owner or holder thereof to vote for the election of directors of a company. We treat companies, including our subsidiaries that issue CLOs, in which we own at least a majority of the outstanding voting securities as majority-owned subsidiaries for purposes of the 40% test.

 

Most of our subsidiaries are limited by the provisions of the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the assets in which each can invest without being regulated as an investment company. Our subsidiaries that issue CLOs generally will rely on Rule 3a-7, an exception from the definition of an investment company under the Investment Company Act available to certain structured financing vehicles. These structured financings may not engage in portfolio management practices resembling those employed by mutual funds. Accordingly, each of our CLO subsidiaries that relies on Rule 3a-7 is subject to specific guidelines and restrictions limiting the discretion of the CLO issuer and our collateral manager. In particular, our guidelines, which are included in the CLO indentures, prohibit the CLO issuer from acquiring and disposing of assets primarily for the purposes of recognizing gains or decreasing losses resulting from market value changes. The CLO issuer cannot acquire or dispose of assets primarily to enhance returns to the owner of the equity in the CLO.  Sales and purchases of assets may be made so long as the CLO issuer does not violate guidelines contained in the indentures. The proceeds of permitted dispositions may be reinvested by our CLOs in additional collateral, subject to fulfilling the requirements set forth in the applicable indentures. As a result of these restrictions, our CLO subsidiaries may suffer losses on their assets and we may suffer losses on our investments in our CLO subsidiaries. We do not treat our ownership interests in our majority-owned CLO subsidiaries that rely on Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act as investment securities for purposes of the 40% test.

 

Some of our subsidiaries are currently relying on the exception provided by Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, and therefore, our ownership interests in these subsidiaries are deemed to be investment securities for purposes of the 40% test. We must monitor our holdings in these subsidiaries and any future subsidiaries relying on the exceptions provided by Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) to ensure that the value of our investment in such subsidiaries, together with any other investment securities we may own, does not exceed 40% of the value of our total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis.

 

If the combined values of the investment securities issued by our subsidiaries that must rely on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, together, with any other investment securities we may own, exceeds 40% of the value of our total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, we may be deemed to be an investment company. If we fail to maintain an exemption, exception or other exclusion from registration as an investment company, we could, among other things, be required either (a) to change substantially the manner in which we conduct our operations to avoid being required to register as an investment  company or (b) to register as an investment company, either of which could have a material adverse effect on us and our ability to service our indebtedness and to make distributions on our shares and on the market price of our shares and any other securities we may issue.  If we were required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we would become subject to substantial regulation with respect to our capital structure (including our ability to use leverage), management, operations, transactions with affiliated persons (as defined

 

48



 

in the Investment Company Act), portfolio composition, including restrictions with respect to diversification and industry concentration, and other matters, and our Manager would have the right to terminate our management agreement.

 

We have not requested the SEC to approve our treatment of any company as a majority-owned subsidiary for purposes of the Investment Company Act, our treatment of any CLO issuer as a subsidiary meeting the requirements of Rule 3a-7 or our determination of whether or not any investment constitutes an investment security for purposes of the Investment Company Act. If the SEC were to disagree with our treatment of one or more CLO issuers as subsidiaries able to rely on Rule 3a-7, or with our determination that one or more of our investments otherwise do not constitute investment securities for purposes of the 40% test, we would need to adjust our investment strategy and our investments in order to continue to pass the 40% test. Any such adjustment in our investment strategy or investments could have a material adverse effect on us. Moreover, to the extent that the SEC provides more specific or different guidance regarding the application of Section 3   (a)(1)(C), Rule 3a-7, or other provisions of the Investment Company Act to our business or structure, we may be required to adjust our investment strategy and investments accordingly. Any additional guidance from the SEC could provide additional flexibility to us, or it could further inhibit our ability to pursue the investment strategy we have chosen, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

Currency Risks

 

From time to time, we may make investments that are denominated in a foreign currency through which we may be subject to foreign currency exchange risk.

 

Liquidity Risk

 

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that we will be unable to fulfill our obligations on a timely basis, continuously borrow funds in the market on a cost-effective basis to fund actual or proposed commitments, or liquidate assets when needed at a reasonable price.

 

A material event that impacts capital markets participants may impair our ability to access additional liquidity. If our cash resources are at any time insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may have to sell assets or issue debt or additional equity securities.

 

Our ability to meet our long-term liquidity and capital resource requirements may be subject to our ability to obtain additional debt financing and equity capital. We may increase our capital resources through offerings of equity securities (possibly including common shares and one or more classes of preferred shares) and senior or subordinated notes. If we are unable to renew, replace or expand our sources of financing on acceptable terms, it may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to shareholders. Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive, and any holders of preferred shares that we may issue in the future may receive, a distribution of our available assets prior to holders of our common shares. The decisions by investors and lenders to enter into equity and financing transactions with us will depend upon a number of factors, including our historical and projected financial performance, compliance with the terms of our current credit arrangements, industry and market trends, the availability of capital and our investors’ and lenders’ policies and rates applicable thereto, and the relative attractiveness of alternative investment or lending opportunities.

 

Liquidity is of critical importance to companies in the financial services sector. Most failures of financial institutions in recent times have occurred in large part due to insufficient liquidity resulting from adverse circumstances. As such, we have established a formal liquidity contingency plan which provides guidelines for liquidity management. We determine our current liquidity position and forecast liquidity based on anticipated changes in the balance sheet. In order to maintain adequate liquidity and funding, we also stress test our liquidity position under several different stress scenarios. A stress test aims at capturing the impact of extreme (but rare) market rate changes on the market value of equity and net interest income. This scenario is applied on a daily basis to our balance sheet and the resulting loss in cash is evaluated. Besides providing a measure of the potential loss under the extreme scenario, this technique enables us to identify the nature of the changes in market risk factors to which it is the most sensitive, allowing us to take appropriate action to address those risk factors.

 

Credit Spread Exposure

 

Our investments are subject to spread risk. Our investments in floating rate loans and securities are valued based on a market credit spread over LIBOR and are affected similarly by changes in LIBOR spreads. Our investments in fixed rate loans

 

49



 

and securities are valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable on fixed rate U.S. Treasuries of like maturity. Increased credit spreads, or credit spread widening, will have an adverse impact on the value of our investments while decreased credit spreads, or credit spread tightening, will have a positive impact on the value of our investments.

 

Derivative Risk

 

Derivative transactions including engaging in swaps and foreign currency transactions are subject to certain risks. There is no guarantee that a company can eliminate its exposure under an outstanding swap agreement by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same or another party. Also, there is a possibility of default of the other party to the transaction or illiquidity of the derivative instrument. Furthermore, the ability to successfully use derivative transactions depends on the ability to predict market movements which cannot be guaranteed. As such, participation in derivative instruments may result in greater losses as we would have to sell or purchase an investment at inopportune times for prices other than current market prices or may force us to hold an asset we might otherwise have sold. In addition, as certain derivative instruments are unregulated, they are difficult to value and are therefore susceptible to liquidity and credit risks.

 

Collateral posting requirements are individually negotiated between counterparties and there is no regulatory requirement concerning the amount of collateral that a counterparty must post to secure its obligations under certain derivative instruments. Because they are unregulated, there is no requirement that parties to a contract be informed in advance when a credit default swap is sold. As a result, investors may have difficulty identifying the party responsible for payment of their claims. If a counterparty’s credit becomes significantly impaired, multiple requests for collateral posting in a short period of time could increase the risk that we may not receive adequate collateral. Amounts paid by us as premiums and cash or other assets held in margin accounts with respect to derivative instruments are not available for investment purposes.

 

Counterparty Risk

 

We have credit risks that are generally related to the counterparties with which we do business. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt, or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a derivative contract due to financial difficulties, we may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. These risks of non-performance may differ from risks associated with exchange-traded transactions which are typically backed by guarantees and have daily marks-to-market and settlement positions. Transactions entered into directly between parties do not benefit from such protections and thus, are subject to counterparty default. It may be the case where any cash or collateral we pledged to the counterparty may be unrecoverable and we may be forced to unwind our derivative agreements at a loss. We may obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances, thereby reducing liquidity and earnings.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

Interest rate risk is defined as the sensitivity of our current and future earnings to interest rate volatility, variability of spread relationships, the difference in repricing intervals between our assets and liabilities and the effect that interest rates may have on our cash flows and the prepayment rates experienced on our investments that have imbedded borrower optionality. The objective of interest rate risk management is to achieve earnings, preserve capital and achieve liquidity by minimizing the negative impacts of changing interest rates, asset and liability mix, and prepayment activity.

 

We are exposed to basis risk between our investments and our borrowings. Interest rates on our floating rate investments and our variable rate borrowings do not reset on the same day or with the same frequency and, as a result, we are exposed to basis risk with respect to index reset frequency. Our floating rate investments may reprice on indices that are different than the indices that are used to price our variable rate borrowings and, as a result, we are exposed to basis risk with respect to repricing index. The basis risks noted above, in addition to other forms of basis risk that exist between our investments and borrowings, may be material and could negatively impact future net interest margins.

 

Interest rate risk impacts our interest income, interest expense, prepayments, and the fair value of our investments, interest rate derivatives, and liabilities. During periods of increasing interest rates we are biased to purchase investments that are floating rate and we have had that bias since our inception. We manage our interest rate risk using various techniques ranging from the purchase of floating rate investments to the use of interest rate derivatives. We generally fund our variable rate investments with variable rate borrowings with similar interest rate reset frequencies. We generally fund our fixed rate and our hybrid investments with short-term variable rate borrowings and we may use interest rate derivatives to hedge the variability of the cash flows associated with our existing or forecasted variable rate borrowings.

 

50



 

The following table summarizes the estimated net fair value of our derivative instruments held at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands):

 

Derivative Fair Value

 

 

 

As of
September 30, 2008

 

As of
December 31, 2007

 

 

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Notional

 

Estimated
Fair Value

 

Cash Flow Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

$

383,333

 

$

(24,168

)

$

383,333

 

$

(19,018

)

Fair Value Hedges:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

32,000

 

(1,777

)

32,000

 

(1,212

)

Free-Standing Derivatives:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate swaps

 

181,073

 

(13

690,799

 

(7,959

)

Credit default swaps—long

 

53,500

 

(1,063

)

66,000

 

(1,154

)

Credit default swaps—short

 

300,070

 

48,168

 

268,000

 

12,613

 

Total rate of return swaps

 

416,597

 

(51,864

)

442,204

 

(21,998

)

Foreign exchange contracts

 

64,380

 

(1,093

)

9,711

 

3

 

Common stock warrants

 

 

77

 

 

799

 

Total

 

$

1,430,953

 

$

(31,733

)

$

1,892,047

 

$

(37,926

)

 

Item 3.                           Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

See discussion of quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

Item 4.                           Controls and Procedures

 

The Company’s management evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of September 30, 2008. Based on their evaluation, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2008 were designed and were functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

 

There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the Company’s three and nine months ending September 30, 2008, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1.                           Legal Proceedings

 

The Company has been named as a party in various legal actions which include the matters described below. It is inherently difficult to predict the ultimate outcome, particularly in cases in which claimants seek substantial or unspecified damages, or where investigations or proceedings are at an early age, and the Company cannot predict with certainty the loss or range of loss that may be incurred. The Company has denied, or believes it has a meritorious defense and will deny liability in the significant cases pending against the Company discussed below. Based on current discussion and consultation with counsel, management believes that the resolution of these matters will not have a material impact on the financial condition or cash flow of the Company.

 

On August 7, 2008, the members of the Company’s board of directors and certain of the Company’s executive officers (the “Individual Defendants”) and the Company (collectively, “Defendants”) were named in a putative class action complaint (the “Complaint”) filed by Charter Township of Clinton Police and Fire Retirement System in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Charter Litigation”). The Complaint alleges that the Company’s April 2, 2007

 

51



 

registration statement and prospectus (the “April 2, 2007 Registration Statement”) contained material misstatements and omissions in violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"),  regarding the risks associated with the Company’s real estate related assets, the state of the Company’s capital in light of its real estate related assets, and the adequacy of the Company’s loss reserves for its real estate related assets (the “alleged Section 11 violation”). The Complaint further alleges that pursuant to Section 15 of the 1933 Act, the Individual Defendants have legal responsibility for the alleged Section 11 violation.

 

The parties have stipulated that Defendants shall not be required to answer or otherwise respond to the Complaint. Pursuant to section 27(a) of the 1933 Act, the court is required to appoint a Lead Plaintiff by November 5, 2008. The parties have stipulated that the Lead Plaintiff shall file and serve a consolidated amended complaint or designate a previously-filed complaint as the operative complaint (the “Operative Complaint”) no later than 45 days after an order appointing it is entered by the Court.  The parties have further stipulated that Defendants shall file an answer, motion to dismiss, or other response to the Operative Complaint no later than 45 days after it is served.

 

On August 15, 2008, the members of the Company’s board of directors and the Company’s executive officers (the “Director and Officer Defendants”) were named in a shareholder derivative action (the “Derivative Action”) brought by Raymond W. Kostecka, a purported shareholder of the Company, in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco. The Company is named as a nominal defendant. The complaint in the Derivative Action asserts claims against the Director and Officer Defendants for breaches of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment in connection with the conduct at issue in the Charter Litigation, including the filing of the April 2, 2007 Registration Statement with alleged material misstatements and omissions.

 

The parties have submitted a stipulation requesting that the proceedings in the Derivative Action be stayed until the Charter Litigation is dismissed on the pleadings or the Company files an answer to the Charter Litigation. 

 

Item 1A.                  Risk Factors

 

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

Item 2 .                        Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

None.

 

Item 3.                           Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

None.

 

Item 4.                           Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

None.

 

Item 5.                           Other Information

 

None.

 

Item 6.                           Exhibits

 

31.1

 

Chief Executive Officer Certification

31.2

 

Chief Financial Officer Certification

32

 

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

 

52



 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, KKR Financial Holdings LLC has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

KKR Financial Holdings LLC

 

 

 

Signature

 

Title

 

 

 

/s/ SATURNINO S. FANLO

 

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Saturnino S. Fanlo

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ JEFFREY B. VAN HORN

 

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Jeffrey B. Van Horn

 

 

 

 

 

Date: November 18, 2008

 

 

 

53


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