UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
Washington , D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
 
(Mark One)
 

þ
QUARTERLY report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
 
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008
 
OR
 

o
TRANSITION report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
 
For the transition period from                      to                      .
 
Commission file number 0-26420
 
AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
91-1957010
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Dwight D. Eisenhower Building
2001 South Flint Road
Spokane, WA
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
99224
(Zip Code)
 
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (509) 568-7800
 


 
 

 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
þ
 
Yes
o
 
No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and ”smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
o
 
Large Accelerated  filer
þ
 
Accelerated filer
o
 
Non-Accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
o
 
Smaller reporting company
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 
o
 
Yes
þ
 
No
 
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value, as of April 22, 2008 was 19,086,916.

 
 

 
 
AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
FORM 10-Q QUARTERLY REPORT
 
 
T AB LE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
A MB ASSADORS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
ASSETS
           
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 42,093     $ 17,281  
Available-for-sale securities
    73,474       67,713  
Foreign currency exchange contracts
    6,932       3,461  
Prepaid program costs and expenses
    20,626       3,624  
Accounts receivable
    2,801       641  
Total current assets
    145,926       92,720  
Property and equipment, net
    27,654       27,454  
Deferred tax asset
    1,472       1,338  
Other long-term assets
    276       192  
Total assets
  $ 175,328     $ 121,704  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 3,630     $ 2,425  
Accrued expenses
    1,367       2,862  
Deferred tax liability
    2,299       1,096  
Participants’ deposits
    103,913       42,723  
Current portion of long-term capital lease
    149       187  
Total current liabilities
    111,358       49,293  
Capital lease
          11  
Total liabilities
    111,358       49,304  
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
           
Common stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 19,131,716  and 19,345,924 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
    190       192  
Additional paid-in capital
    585       1,082  
Retained earnings
    58,349       68,709  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    4,846       2,417  
Total stockholders’ equity
    63,970       72,400  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 175,328     $ 121,704  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


A MB ASSADORS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007
(dollars in thousands, except per-share amounts)

   
2008
   
2007
 
Net revenue, non-directly delivered programs
  $ 198     $ 193  
Gross revenue, directly delivered programs
    7,682       7,086  
Total Revenue
    7,880       7,279  
Cost of sales, directly delivered programs
    4,410       3,842  
Gross Margin
    3,470       3,437  
Operating Expenses:
               
Selling and marketing
    9,364       9,238  
General and administrative
    3,018       2,747  
      12,382       11,985  
Operating loss
    (8,912 )     (8,548 )
Other income:
               
Interest income
    903       1,110  
Loss before income taxes
    (8,009 )     (7,438 )
Income tax benefit
    2,535       2,454  
Net loss
  $ (5,474 )   $ (4,984 )
                 
Net loss per share — basic and diluted
  $ (0.29 )   $ (0.25 )
Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted
    18,955       19,624  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


A MB ASSADORS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007
(dollars in thousands)

     
2008
     
2007
 
Net loss
 
$
(5,474)
   
$
(4,984)
 
Unrealized gain on foreign currency exchange contracts, net of income tax provision of $1,215 and $130
   
2,256
     
242
 
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities, net of income tax provision of  $93 and $10
   
173
     
18
 
Comprehensive loss
 
$
(3,045)
   
$
(4,724)
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
A MB ASSADORS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007
(dollars in thousands )
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
           
Net loss
  $ (5,474 )   $ (4,984 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation
    809       377  
Deferred income tax benefit
    (239 )      
Stock-based compensation
    523       480  
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation
    (19 )     (614 )
Gain on sale of assets
    (31 )      
Change in assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable and other current assets
    (2,163 )     (2,785 )
Prepaid program costs and expenses
    (17,002 )     (19,995 )
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    451       2,234  
Participants’ deposits
    61,190       67,658  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    38,045       42,371  
                 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Net change in available-for-sale securities
    (5,495 )     (4,753 )
Net purchase of property and equipment and other
    (1,781 )     (3,777 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (7,276 )     (8,530 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Dividend payment to shareholders
    (2,199 )     (2,228 )
Repurchase of common stock
    (3,771 )     (35,621 )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    43       526  
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation
    19       614  
Capital lease payments and other
    (49 )     (53 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (5,957 )     (36,762 )
                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    24,812       (2,921 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    17,281       36,784  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 42,093     $ 33,863  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 
A MB ASSADORS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
1.  Organization and Basis of Presentation

Ambassadors Group, Inc. is a leading educational travel company that organizes and promotes international and domestic educational travel and sports programs for youth, athletes and professionals. These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ambassadors Group, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiaries, Ambassador Programs, Inc., Ambassadors Specialty Group, Inc., and Ambassadors Unlimited, LLC. Also included is Ambassador Programs, Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiary, Marketing Production Systems, LLC. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Our operations are organized to provide services to students, professionals and athletes through multiple itineraries within four educational and cultural program types. These programs have been aggregated as a single operating and reporting segment based on the similarity of their economic characteristics as well as services provided.

For non-directly delivered programs, we do not actively manage the operations of each program, and our remaining performance obligation for these programs after they convene is perfunctory. Therefore, revenue from these programs is presented net of direct program costs, including accommodation and transportation costs , and recognized when the program convenes. For directly delivered programs, however, we organize and operate all activities including speakers, facilitators, events, accommodations and transportation. As such, we recognize the gross revenue and cost of sales of these directly delivered programs over the period the programs are operating. We recognize withdrawal fees concurrent with the revenue recognition from the related programs.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly our financial position at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, and our cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.

2.  Net Loss Per Share

Net loss per share — basic is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Net loss per share — diluted is computed by increasing the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding by the additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been issued.  However, due to the net loss during the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, such shares have been excluded from the computation, as they are anti-dilutive.

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) computations and the number of dilutive securities (stock options and grants) that were not included in the dilutive EPS calculation because they were anti-dilutive (in thousands, except per-share amounts):

   
Three months ended March 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Numerator:
           
Net loss for basic and diluted earnings per share
  $ (5,474 )   $ (4,984 )
Denominator:
               
Weighted-average shares outstanding – basic
    18,955       19,624  
Effect of dilutive common stock options
 
(A)
   
(A)
 
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted
    18,955       19,624  
Net income per share – basic and diluted
  $ (0.29 )   $ (0.25 )

(A)  
For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively, the effects of approximately 283,000 and 6,000 stock grants and options have been excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.


AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

3. Available-for-Sale Securities

At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the cost and estimated fair values of our available-for-sale securities in state and municipal securities and corporate obligations were as follows (in thousands).
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gain
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair Value/
Carrying
Value
 
March 31, 2008
  $ 72,947     $ 527     $     $ 73,474  
December 31, 2007
  $ 67,453     $ 260     $     $ 67,713  
 
At March 31, 2008, the amortized cost and fair value of the available-for-sale securities, by contractual maturity were as follows (in thousands):
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
Auction rate securities
  $ 21,224     $ 21,224  
One year or less
    20,134       20,306  
After one year through three years
    31,589       31,944  
    $ 72,947     $ 73,474  
 
On March 31, 2008, we had a total of approximately $115.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale securities, which included approximately $21.2 million of investments in auction rate securities (“ARS”). On March 13, 2008, we experienced one failed ARS auction, representing principal and accrued interest totaling approximately$1.0 million. Between March 31, 2008 and May 5, 2008, we exited positions in three ARS issues, at par plus accrued interest, for a total of approximately $14.1 million, adding $3.0 million to a 35-day, rolling auction. We believe that the current lack of liquidity relating to our ARS investments will have no impact on our ability to fund our ongoing operations and growth initiatives. As of May 5, 2008, our ARS portfolio totaled approximately $10.1 million. This amount includes approximately 10 percent federally insured student loan backed securities and 90 percent municipal and education authority bonds.

Our ARS portfolio is comprised of AAA rated investments. Based on continued successful auctions within our ARS portfolio, the high-level credit rating and the current restructuring within the aggregate ARS market; we believe that the current illiquidity of our one, failed ARS is temporary. We will, however, reassess its illiquidity in future reporting periods based on several factors, including the success or failure of future auctions, possible failure of the investment to be redeemed, deterioration of the credit rating of the investment, market risk and other factors. Such reassessment may change the classification of this investment to long-term or another conclusion may be drawn.
 
4. Fair Value Measurement of Assets

The following table summarizes our financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis in accordance with SFAS 157 as of March 31, 2008 (in thousands):

   
Balance as of March 31, 2008
   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
 
                   
Assets:
                 
Cash equivalents:
                 
Municipal securities
  $ 30,651     $ 30,651     $  
Available-for-sale securities :
                       
Auction rate securities
    21,224       21,224        
Municipal securities
    52,250       52,250        
      104,125       104,125        
Foreign currency exchange contracts
    6,932           $ 6,932  
Total financial assets
  $ 111,057     $ 104,125     $ 6,932  
 
Our financial assets and liabilities are valued using market prices on both active markets (level 1) and less active markets (level 2). Level 1 instrument valuations are obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets. Level 2 instrument valuations are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments. As of March 31, 2008, we did not have any assets or liabilities without observable market values that would require a high level of judgment to determine fair value (level 3 assets). Our foreign currency exchange contracts are valued using pricing models. Pricing models take into account the contract terms as well as multiple inputs where applicable, such as equity prices, interest rate yield curve, option volatility and currency rates. Our derivative instruments are short-term in nature, typically one to 12 months.
 
Our unrealized gains of $2.4 million, excluded from earnings and reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, are related primarily to the difference in value of our available-for-sale securities and our foreign exchange contracts at the beginning and ending of the period. At March 31, 2008, our available for sale securities had an aggregate unrealized gain of $0.5 million and our foreign exchange contracts had an aggregate unrealized gain of $6.9 million.


AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
5. Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

Effective November 2001, we adopted our 2001 Equity Participation Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the grant of stock options, awards of restricted stock, performance or other awards or stock appreciation rights to our directors, key employees and consultants. The maximum number of shares which may be awarded under the Plan is 3.6 million shares. Approximately 0.5 million shares remain available for future issuance as of March 31, 2008.

Under the terms of the Plan, options to purchase shares of our common stock are granted at a price set by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”), not to be less than the par value of a share of common stock and if granted as performance-based compensation or as incentive stock options, not to be less than the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant. The Compensation Committee establishes the vesting period of the awards, which is generally set at 25 percent per year for four years. Options may be exercised any time after they vest for a period up to 10 years from the grant date.

Under the terms of the Plan, restricted stock grants follow the same grant price parameters as options. The Compensation Committee also establishes the vesting period of the grants, which is generally set at 100 percent at the conclusion of one to four years. Our key employees who have been awarded stock grants and are full time employees are subject to a four year vesting period, while our Board of Directors who have been awarded stock grants are subject to a one year vesting period. During the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, no restricted stock grants were granted to our Board of Directors or key employees.

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of options. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, particularly expected term, stock price volatility, and forfeiture rate. Our employee stock options do not trade on a secondary exchange, therefore, employees do not derive benefit from holding stock options unless there is an appreciation in the market price of our stock above the grant price. Such an increase in stock price would benefit all shareholders commensurately. The assumptions used to calculate the fair value of options granted are evaluated and revised, as necessary, to reflect market conditions and our experience as of the date of grant.

The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions used for grants in the three months ended March 31, 2007. No stock options were granted during the three months ended March 31, 2008.
   
Three months ended March 31, 2007
Expected dividend yield
    1.46  
%
Expected stock price volatility
    37.88  
%
Risk-free interest rate
    4.70  
%
Expected life of options
    4.65  
years
Estimated fair value per option granted
  $ 10.58    
 
The expected term of the options represents the estimated period of time until exercise and is based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. Expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatility of our stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term. We have also included our anticipated dividend yield based on historical quarterly cash dividends paid to our shareowners. Additionally, an annualized forfeiture rate of 9.2 percent is used as a best estimate of future forfeitures based on our historical forfeiture experience. Under the true-up provisions of SFAS 123(R), the stock-based compensation expense will be adjusted in later periods if the actual forfeiture rate is different from the estimate.
 


AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statement of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 was $0.5 million before income taxes. Of the total stock-based compensation expense during the quarter, stock option expense was $0.2 million, restricted stock grant expense was $0.3 million, and the related total tax benefit was insignificant.

Stock option and restricted stock transactions during the three months ended March 31, 2008 were as follows:

   
Restricted
Stock
Grants
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
   
Stock
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Balance at December 31, 2007
    221,820     $ 20.87       1,478,202     $ 12.62  
Granted
                       
Forfeited
                (950 )     11.98  
Exercised
                (6,301 )     7.37  
Balance March 31, 2008
    221,820     $ 20.87       1,470,951     $ 12.64  

The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock options and restricted stock was $15.6 million and of exercisable stock options and restricted stock was $10.9 million at March 31, 2008, before applicable income taxes, based on our $18.89 closing stock price at March 31, 2008. This intrinsic value would have been received by the optionees had all options been exercised on that date. As of March 31, 2008, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock grants was approximately $4.3 million, which is expected to be recognized over approximately 3.6 years. During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $0.1 million, and the total fair value of options which vested was $0.1 million.

The following table presents information about our common stock options and restricted grants as of March 31, 2008:

   
Options and Grants Outstanding
   
Options Exercisable
 
Range of Exercise Prices
 
Shares
   
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years)
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
   
Shares
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Restricted Stock Grants
                             
$0.00
    221,820       1.84     $ 0.00              
Stock Options
                                       
 $0.00  -  $3.46
    1,566       1.60     $ 3.11       1,566     $ 3.11  
3.47   -  6.93
    682,982       3.55       5.62       682,982       5.62  
  6.94   -  10.39
    133,735       5.30       9.20       133,735       9.20  
  10.40 -  13.86
    48,125       5.68       11.77       39,125       11.90  
  13.87  - 17.32
    321,467       8.26       16.90       105,163       16.68  
  20.80  - 24.25
    48,000       7.06       21.09       17,500       21.09  
  24.26  - 27.72
    206,808       8.07       27.11       79,410       27.00  
  27.73  - 31.18
    15,609       8.55       29.48       3,714       29.56  
  31.19  - 34.65
    12,659       9.09       34.65              
      1,692,771       4.92     $ 10.98       1,063,195     $ 9.33  
 

AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

6. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”) and in February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-2 Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (“FSP 157-2”). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This statement does not require any new fair value measurements. Rather, it applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. The provisions of this statement are to be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which this statement is initially applied, with any transition adjustment recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for the fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 for financial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on at least an annually recurring basis. The provisions of FSP 157 apply to nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in an entity’s financial statements on at least an annual recurring basis. FSP provisions delay the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for non-financial assets and liabilities. We implemented SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008 without any impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 permits companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We implemented SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008 without any impact on   our financial condition or results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 R , Business Combinations   (“SFAS 141R”) .   SFAS 141R will significantly change the accounting for business combinations. Under SFAS 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date fair value with limited exceptions. SFAS 141R will change the accounting treatment for certain specific items, including a cquisition costs will be generally expensed as incurred, n oncontrolling interests will be valued at fai r value at the acquisition date, a cquired contingent liabilities will be recorded at fair value at the acquisition date and subsequently measured at either the higher of such amount or the amount determined under existing guidance for non-acquired contingencies , i n-process research and development will be recorded at fair value as an indefinite- lived intangible asset at the acquisition date , r estructuring costs associated with a business combination will be generally expensed subsequent to the acquisition date , an d c hanges in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date generally will affect income tax expense. SFAS 141R also includes a substantial number of new disclosure requirements. SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, or our first quarter of 2009. Earlier adoption is prohibited. We have not yet determined the effect, if any, of the adoption of this statement on our financial condition or results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 requires certain disclosures relating to noncontrolling interests and clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in a consolidated entity, reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. This statement changes the presentation of the statement of operations. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008 , or our first quarter 2009. Early adoption is prohibited. We have not yet determined the effect, if any, of the adoption of this statement on our financial condition or results of operations.


AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
In March, 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133 (“SFAS 161”). SFAS 161 requires entities to provide qualitative disclosures about the objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative data about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative contracts, and details of credit-risk-related contingent features in their hedged positions. The statement also asks entities to disclose more information about the location and amounts of derivative instruments in financial statements; how derivatives and related hedges are accounted for under SFAS No. 133 , Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities; and how the hedges affect the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. The standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, or our first quarter 2009, with early application encouraged, but not required.   We have not yet determined the effect, if any, of the adoption of this statement on our financial condition or results of operations.


I te m 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the selected consolidated financial data, our consolidated financial statements, and the notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
 
 
Statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which are not historical in nature, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements in Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, regarding matters which are not historical fact, including our intent, belief or current expectations of our company or our officers with respect to, among other things, trends in the travel industry, business and growth strategies, use of technology, ability to integrate acquired businesses, future actions, future performance or results of operations, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings.
 
 
Forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from anticipated results. These risks and uncertainties include factors affecting the travel industry generally, competition, our ability to successfully integrate the operations of existing or acquired companies, and a variety of factors such as conflict in Iraq and the Middle East, periods of international unrest, the outbreak of disease, changes in the direct-mail environment, recession, weather conditions and concerns for passenger safety that could cause a decline in travel demand, as well as the risk factors, and other factors as may be identified from time to time in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings or in our press releases. For a more complete discussion of these risks, please refer to Item 1A Risk Factors disclosure in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 6, 2008 and those factors set forth under Part II, Item 1A Risk Factors set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by these factors and all related cautionary statements. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.
 
Executive Overview

We are a leading educational travel company that organizes and promotes international and domestic programs for students, athletes and professionals. Youth programs provide opportunities for grade school, middle school and high school students to learn about the history, government, economy and culture of the foreign and domestic destinations they visit as well as for middle and high school athletes to participate in international sports challenges. Our student leader programs provide educational opportunities for middle school and high school students to learn leadership, government, college admissions and community involvement skills at domestic destinations. Our professional programs emphasize meetings and seminars between delegates and persons in similar professions abroad.

We were founded in 1967, were reincorporated in Delaware in 1995, and operated as Ambassadors Education Group, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ambassadors International, Inc. until February 2002, at which time we spun off to operate as an independent stand-alone company beginning in March, 2002. Since then, our common stock has traded on The NASDAQ Stock Market under the ticker symbol “EPAX”. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ambassadors Group, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Our operations are organized to provide services to students, professionals and athletes through multiple itin eraries within four educational and cultural program types. These programs have been aggregated as a single operating and reporting segment based on the similarity of their economic characteristics as well as services provided.

Our Seasonality

Our business is seasonal. The majority of our travel programs occur in June and July of each year. We have historically earned more than 90 percent of our annual revenues in the second and third quarters, which we anticipate will continue for the foreseeable future. Historically, these seasonal revenues have more than offset operating losses incurred during the rest of the year. Our annual results would be adversely affected if our revenues were to be substantially below seasonal norms during these periods.


Our Foreign Currency Exposure 

The majority of our programs take place outside the United States and most foreign suppliers require payment in local currency rather than in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, we are exposed to foreign currency risks in certain countries as foreign currency exchange rates between those currencies and the U.S. dollar fluctuate. We generally hedge against certain of these foreign currency risks. We use forward contracts and options that allow us to acquire the foreign currency at a fixed price for a specified period of time. Some of our forward contracts and options include a variable component if a pre-determined trigger occurs during the term of the contract.

These foreign exchange contracts and options are entered into in order to support normal anticipated recurring purchases and, accordingly, are not entered into for speculative purposes.

Program Revenue and Operating Expenses

Revenue from non-directly delivered programs is presented as net revenue and recognized as the program convenes. For these programs, we do not actively deliver the operations of each program, and our remaining performance obligation for these programs after they convene is perfunctory. For certain programs, however, we organize and operate all activities including speakers, facilitators, events, accommodations and transportation. As such, we recognize the gross revenue and cost of sales of these directly delivered programs over the period the programs are being delivered.

Generally, our policy is to obtain payment for substantially all travel services prior to entering into commitments for incurring expenses relating to such travel. Program pass-through and direct delivery expenses include all direct costs associated with our programs, including, but not limited to, costs related to airfare, hotels, meals, ground transportation, guides, presenters, facilitators, professional exchanges and changes in currency exchange rates. 

Operating expenses, which are expensed as incurred, are the costs related to the creation of programs, promotional materials and marketing costs, salaries, rent, other general and administrative expenses and all ordinary expenses.
 
Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
 
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we traveled 3,365 delegates, an increase of 12 percent from approximately 3,000 during the comparable 2007 quarter. In the first quarters of 2008 and 2007, total revenue increased $0.6 million to $7.9 million from $7.3 million. Gross margin increased to $3.5 million in the first quarter of 2008 compared to $3.4 million in the first quarter in 2007. Gross margin was negatively impacted in the quarter due to a cruise program to Antarctica for which we committed to more berths than was sold, all the while gross margins on our core programs held steady year over year.
 
Our policy is to expense all selling and marketing costs as incurred. Selling and marketing expenses were $9.4 million and $9.2 million during the first quarters of 2008 and 2007, respectively. The $0.1 million increase was primarily due to increased marketing personnel costs offset by reduced print costs from efficiencies in our in-house capabilities gained quarter over quarter. General and administrative expenses were $3.0 million and $2.7 million during the first quarters of 2008 and 2007, respectively. The $0.3 million increased general and administrative expenses were due to increased personnel costs as well as legal, tax and audit fees.
 
During the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, we recognized operating losses of $8.9 million and $8.5 million, respectively.
 
Other income consists primarily of interest income generated by cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities. Interest income recognized decreased $0.2 million to $0.9 million from $1.1 million during the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, primarily due to decreased average cash balances year over year.

 
During the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, our operating losses before taxes were $8.0 million and $7.4 million, respectively.
 
The income tax benefit has been recorded based on a 33 percent estimated annual effective income tax rate, applied to the pre-tax income for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, insignificant adjustments recorded reduced the overall rate to 32 percent. The difference from the statutory rate of 35 percent is primarily due to tax exempt interest income earned in the periods.
 
This resulted in net loss of $5.5 million and $5.0 million being recorded during the first quarters of 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $0.29 loss per share in the first quarter of 2008 in comparison to $0.25 loss per share in the first quarter of 2007.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Net cash provided by operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $38.0 million and $42.4 million, respectively. The decreased cash flow from operations was primarily related to $6.5 million decreased participant deposits partially offset by $3.0 million decreased prepaid program costs for future travel programs.
 
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $7.3 million and $8.5 million, respectively. The $1.3 million decrease was primarily related to less capital expenditure in 2008 than in 2007 toward the construction of our corporate headquarters.
 
Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $6.0 million and $36.8 million, respectively. The net change in financing activities primarily relates to the change in stock repurchases quarter over quarter. We repurchased $35.6 million of our Common Stock during the 2007 quarter in comparison to $3.8 million of stock repurchases during the 2008 quarter. During both first quarters of 2008 and 2007, we paid $2.2 million in cash dividends.
 
At March 31, 2008, we had $115.6 million of cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities, including program participant funds of $103.9 million. At March 31, 2007, we had $135.0 million of cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities, including program participant funds of $128.3 million.
 
2008 Net Enrollments

Net enrollments consist of all individuals traveled year to date plus those actively enrolled for future travel. As of April 15, 2008, we had 45,388 net enrolled participants for our 2008 travel programs, compared to 56,443 net enrolled participants as of the same date last year for our 2007 travel programs. The decrease in enrollments is believed to be caused by an underperforming name source used to identify potential Student Ambassador delegates, inflationary pressures on 2008 program costs, and the current economic uncertainty. We believe the decrease in net enrollments for our 2008 programs will negatively impact 2008 earnings. We have taken, and will continue to take, measures to mitigate these negative impacts, such as, but not limited to, increased marketing efforts toward 2008 travel, decreasing the initial deposit to enroll in our programs, and implementing an expense management plan. However, there can be no assurances that any of these measures will have any success, and if so, to what extent.
 
Under our cancellation policy, a program delegate may be entitled to a refund of a portion of his or her deposit, less certain fees, depending on the time of cancellation. Should a greater number of delegates cancel their travel in comparison to that which is part of our ongoing operations, due to circumstances such as international or domestic unrest, terrorism or general economic downturn, our cash balances could be significantly reduced. Cash balances could also be reduced significantly if the financial institutions, which held balances beyond that federally insured, were to become insolvent.


Deployable Cash
 
Deployable cash is a non-GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles) liquidity measure. Deployable cash is calculated as the sum of cash and cash equivalents, available for sale securities and prepaid program costs and expenses less the sum of accounts payable, accrued expenses and other short-term liabilities (excluding deferred taxes), participant deposits and the current portion of long-term capital lease. We believe this non-GAAP measure is useful in understanding the cash available to deploy for future business opportunities and is presented as supplementary information to enhance your understanding of, and highlight trends in, our financial position. Any non-GAAP financial measure used should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance or liquidity prepared in accordance with GAAP.
 
             
   
March 31,
2008
   
March 31,
2007
 
Cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities
  $ 115,567     $ 134,994  
Prepaid program cost and expenses
    20,626       23,781  
Less:  Participants’ deposits
    (103,913 )     (128,309 )
Less:  Accounts payable/accruals/other liabilities
    (5,146 )     (11,530 )
Deployable cash
  $ 27,134     $ 18,936  

Our business is not capital intensive. However, we do retain funds for operating purposes in order to conduct sales and marketing efforts for future programs.

We continue to consider acquisitions of educational, travel and youth businesses that may require the use of cash and cash equivalents. There can be no assurance that definitive agreements for any such acquisitions will be entered into, or, if they are entered into, that they will be on terms favorable to us.

We do not have any material capital expenditure commitments for 2008, not already presented within our March 31, 2008 financial statements. We believe that existing cash and cash equivalents and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to fund our anticipated operating needs and capital expenditures through 2008. For a more complete discussion of these and other contractual factors, please refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

Market Risk

Financial Instruments

We classify our marketable debt investments as available-for-sale securities, which are carried at fair value. Estimated fair value has been determined based upon quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (level 1). Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are excluded from operations and reported as accumulated other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes. Unrealized gains recorded during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 approximated $0.2 million. Realized gains and losses on the sale of available-for-sale securities are recognized on a specific identification basis in the statement of operations in the period the investments are sold.

We evaluate investment securities for other-than-temporary declines in fair value on a quarterly basis. If the fair value of investment securities falls below their amortized cost and the decline is deemed to be other-than-temporary, the securities will be written down to current market value, resulting in a loss recorded in the statement of operations. There were no investment securities that management identified to be other-than-temporarily impaired during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 because any decline in fair value was attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because we have the ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery in market price occurs, or until maturity. Realized losses could occur in future periods due to a change in our intent to hold the investments to maturity, a change in our assessment of credit risk, or a change in regulatory or accounting requirements. Significant increases or decreases in the aggregate fair value of our available for-sale securities may affect our liquidity and capital resources, although we believe the credit ratings of investments held substantiate this risk as low.


At March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we held $73.5 million and $67.7 million of short-term investments, consisting primarily of municipal bonds, variable rate municipal demand notes and various auction rate securities. The credit markets are currently experiencing significant uncertainty, and some of this uncertainty has impacted and may continue to impact the markets where our auction rate securities would be offered. Our investments are in high-quality, tax-exempt municipal obligations. Some of these investments are wrapped with insurance by various monoline bond insurers, and the underlying rating of all the municipalities represented in the portfolio is investment grade. We do not currently have any direct exposure to collateralized debt obligations (“CDO”) or other similar structured securities. We are unable to estimate with certainty the impact, if any, which emerging credit market conditions may have on the liquidity of our auction rate securities.

On March 31, 2008, we had a total of approximately $115.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale securities, which included approximately $21.2 million of investments in auction rate securities (“ARS”). On March 13, 2008, we experienced one failed ARS auction, representing principal and accrued interest totaling approximately$1.0 million. Between March 31, 2008 and May 5, 2008, we exited positions in three ARS issues, at par plus accrued interest, for a total of approximately $14.1 million, adding $3.0 million to a 35-day, rolling auction. We believe that the current lack of liquidity relating to our ARS investments will have no impact on our ability to fund our ongoing operations and growth initiatives. As of May 5, 2008, our ARS portfolio totaled approximately $10.1 million. This amount includes approximately 10 percent federally insured student loan backed securities and 90 percent municipal and education authority bonds.

Our ARS portfolio is comprised of AAA rated investments. Based on continued successful auctions within our ARS portfolio, the high-level credit rating and the current restructuring within the aggregate ARS market; we believe that the current illiquidity of our one, failed ARS is temporary. We will, however, reassess its illiquidity in future reporting periods based on several factors, including the success or failure of future auctions, possible failure of the investment to be redeemed, deterioration of the credit rating of the investment, market risk and other factors. Such reassessment may change the classification of this investment to long-term or another conclusion may be drawn.

Foreign Currency – Hedging Policy

A majority of our travel programs take place outside of the United States and most foreign suppliers require payment in currency other than in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, we are exposed to foreign currency risks relative to changes in foreign currency exchange rates between those currencies and the U.S. dollar. We have a program to provide a hedge against certain of these foreign currency risks with less than two years maturity, and we use forward contracts and options that allow us to acquire the foreign currency at a fixed price for a specified period of time. All of our derivatives are designated as cash-flow hedges of forecasted transactions.
 
We account for these foreign exchange contracts and options in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS 133”) . The statement requires that all derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded each period in current earnings or other comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is designated as part of a hedge transaction and, if it is, depending on the type of hedge transaction. For qualifying cash-flow hedge transactions in which we are hedging the variability of cash flows related to a forecasted transaction, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are reported in other comprehensive income. The gains and losses on the derivative instruments that are reported in other comprehensive income are reclassified as earnings in the periods in which earnings are impacted by the variability of the cash flows of the hedged item. The ineffective portion of all hedges is recognized in current period earnings. Unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency exchange contracts that are not qualifying cash-flow hedges as defined by SFAS 133 are recorded in the statement of operations.

 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We consider our policies associated with cash and investments, income taxes, foreign currency, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation and contingencies and litigation to be the most critical in understanding the judgments that are involved in preparing our consolidated financial statements.

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS 157”) and in February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-2 Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (“FSP 157-2”). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This statement does not require any new fair value measurements. Rather, it applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. The provisions of this statement are to be applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which this statement is initially applied, with any transition adjustment recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for the fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 for financial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on at least an annually recurring basis. The provisions of FSP 157 apply to nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in an entity’s financial statements on at least an annual recurring basis. FSP provisions delay the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for non-financial assets and liabilities. We implemented SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008 without any impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 permits companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We implemented SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008 without any impact on   our financial condition or results of operations.
 
I te m 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
There has been no significant change to market risk as discussed in Market Risk, as part of Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 10-K filed March 6, 2008.
 
A majority of our travel programs take place outside of the United States and most foreign suppliers require payment in currency other than the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, we are exposed to foreign currency risk relative to changes in foreign currency exchange rates between those currencies and the U.S. dollar. We have a program to provide a hedge against certain of these foreign currency risks with less than two years’ maturity. Currently, the U.S. dollar has significantly weakened against the major currencies that we pay most foreign suppliers, including the Euro, British pound, Australian dollar and New Zealand dollar. If the U.S. dollar continues to weaken against these four major currencies, we face increased costs to travel a delegate abroad, and therefore, increased pressure on the gross margin percent (gross margin as a percentage of gross program receipts). We are not able to determine whether the impact of the weakening U.S. dollar will be material on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. See further discussion of these market risks in Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q .
 
I te m 4. Controls and Procedures
 
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
 
As of March 31, 2008, the end of the period covered by this report, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)), which are designed to ensure that material information we must disclose in our report filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported on a timely basis, and have concluded, based on that evaluation, that as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our chief executive officer and chief financial officer as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting
 
In the three months ended March 31, 2008, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
 
I te m 1. Legal Proceedings
 
On January 28, 2008, Allen Hill and Sheryl Hill, etc., et al. brought an action against us in the Fourth Judicial District of the District Court for the County of Hennepin, State of Minnesota seeking damages for alleged wrongful death of a minor, breach of contract, invasion of privacy, violation of certain enumerated Minnesota statutes, fraud, consumer fraud and false statement in advertisement in connection with the death of a minor resulting from complications from diabetes, while participating in one of our student programs during the summer of 2007. We have tendered our defense and indemnity under applicable insurance coverage, and defense counsel in Minneapolis, Minnesota has been assigned to represent us. Defense counsel has filed an answer on our behalf, denying any liability and raising various appropriate affirmative defenses. Written discovery has begun and depositions are being scheduled.
 
I te m 1A. Risk Factors
 
There have been no significant changes to our risk factors, as discussed in Item 1A, Risk Factors contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 other than as described in Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2008. The risk factors contained therein could materially and adversely affect our future operating results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those predicated in forward-looking statements we make about our business.

I te m 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
Between May 2004 and November 2007, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $ 45.0 million of our Common Stock in the open market or through private transactions. During the quarter ended March 31, 200 8 , we repurchased 220,509 shares of our Common Stock for $ 3.8 million. Since inception through March 31, 2008 , we have repurchased approximately 1,407,400 shares of our Common Stock, adjusted to reflect the effect of our two-for-one stock split of our Common Stock, for an approximate total of $ 28.9 million. As of March 31, 200 8 , approximately $ 16.1 million remained available for repurchase under the plan.
 
Independent of this share repurchase plan, during the first quarter 2007, our board of directors approved a single repurchase of 1.2 million shares of our Common Stock for approximately $33.0 million.
 
The following is a summary of issuer purchases of equity securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2008:

Period
 
Total Number
of
Shares Purchased
   
Average Price
Paid per Share
   
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
   
Maximum Number
(or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
 
January 1 – January 31, 2008
    213,200     $ 17.02       213,200     $ 16,287,964  
February 1 – February 29, 2008
    7,309       17.98       7,309       16,156,537  
March 1 – March 31, 2008
                      16,156,537  
Total
    220,509     $ 17.05       220,509     $ 16,156,537  
 

I te m 6. Exhibits

 
31.1  
Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
 
31.2  
Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
 
32.1  
Certification under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
 
 
32.2  
Certification under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   


S IG NATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, we have duly caused this report to be signed on our behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
AMBASSADORS GROUP, INC.
 
Date: May 9, 2008 
By:  
/s/ CHADWICK J. BYRD 
   
Chadwick J. Byrd 
   
Chief Financial Officer 
 
 
E XH IBIT INDEX
 
Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
Certification under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
Certification under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002



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