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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021
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or |
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☐ |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the transition period from
to
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Commission File Number: 000-55461
WATERMARK LODGING TRUST, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Maryland |
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46-5765413 |
(State of incorporation) |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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150 N. Riverside Plaza |
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Chicago, Illinois
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60606 |
(Address of principal executive office) |
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(Zip Code) |
(847) 482-8600
(Registrant’s telephone numbers, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act:
Common Stock, Par Value $0.001 Per Share
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned
issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes
o
No
þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file
reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of
the Act. Yes
o
No
þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes
þ
No
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted
electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this
chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes
þ
No
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a
smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the
definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”
“smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer
o
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Accelerated filer
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Non-accelerated filer
þ
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Smaller reporting company ☐
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Emerging growth company ☐
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on
and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section
404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the
registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit
report. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No
R
Registrant has no active market for its common stock.
Non-affiliates held 167,007,744 and 61,095,773 of Class A and Class
T shares, respectively, of outstanding common stock at
June 30, 2021.
As of March 21, 2022, there were 167,689,164 shares of Class A
common stock and 61,095,773 shares of Class T common stock of
registrant outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The registrant incorporates by reference its definitive Proxy
Statement with respect to its 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders,
to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120
days following the end of its fiscal year, into Part III of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Explanatory Note
Watermark Lodging Trust, Inc. (“WLT” or the “Company”) is the legal
successor of Carey Watermark Investors 2 Incorporated (“CWI 2”). On
April 13, 2020, a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of CWI 2 (“Merger
Sub”) merged with and into Carey Watermark Investors Incorporated
(“CWI 1”) in an all-stock transaction in which the former
stockholders of CWI 1 became stockholders of CWI 2 (the “Merger”).
After giving effect to the Merger, CWI 1 became a wholly-owned
subsidiary of CWI 2 and CWI 2 changed its name to WLT. Immediately
after the completion of the Merger, the former stockholders of CWI
1 owned approximately 60%, and the former stockholders of CWI 2
owned approximately 40%, of the outstanding common stock of WLT.
Concurrently with the closing of the Merger, CWI 2 completed an
internalization transaction through which it became
self-managed.
For accounting and financial reporting purposes, the Merger is
treated as a reverse acquisition. The financial information for
WLT, as set forth herein, has been prepared on a basis consistent
with the foregoing and reflects CWI 1 as the accounting acquirer.
Consequently, the historical financial information included herein
as of any date, or for any periods prior to April 13, 2020 (the
closing date of the Merger), is the pre-Merger financial
information of CWI 1. The results of operations of CWI 2, as the
acquired company for accounting and financial reporting purposes,
are incorporated into WLT effective April 13, 2020. See
Note
3
of the financial statements included in this Report for more
information.
As used throughout this document, unless the context indicates
otherwise, the terms “WLT,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us”
mean:
•WLT
beginning April 13, 2020, following the closing of the Merger;
and
•CWI
1 on a standalone basis for all periods prior to the closing of the
Merger on April 13, 2020.
The term “CWI 2” refers to CWI 2 on a standalone basis for all
periods prior to the closing of the Merger.
Accordingly, comparisons of the period to period financial
information of WLT as set forth herein with those of CWI 1 and CWI
2 may not be meaningful.
INDEX
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PART I |
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Item 1. |
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Item 1A. |
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Item 1B. |
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Item 2. |
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Item 3. |
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Item 4. |
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PART II |
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Item 5. |
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Item 6. |
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Item 7. |
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Item 7A. |
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Item 8. |
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Item 9. |
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Item 9A. |
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Item 9B. |
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PART III |
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Item 10. |
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Item 11. |
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Item 12. |
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Item 13. |
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Item 14. |
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PART IV |
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Item 15. |
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Item 16. |
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Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Report”), including
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations in Item 7 of Part II of this
Report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of
the federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements
generally are identified by the words “believe,” “project,”
“expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “strategy,” “plan,”
“may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will
likely result,” and similar expressions. These statements are based
on the current expectations of our management. Forward-looking
statements in this Report include, among others, statements
regarding: the impact of the Merger (as defined herein) and
internalization that occurred in April 2020, the impact of the July
2020 Capital Raise (as defined herein), our expectations regarding
the impacts on our business of the outbreak of the novel
coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, the impact of hurricanes and
other natural disasters on certain hotels, including the condition
of the properties and cost estimates, and the impact of rising fuel
prices and inflation generally on the travel industry and demand
for hotels. It is important to note that our actual results could
be materially different from those projected in such
forward-looking statements. There are a number of risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially
from these forward-looking statements. Other unknown or
unpredictable risks or uncertainties, like the risks related to
effects of pandemics and global outbreaks of contagious diseases or
the fear of such outbreaks, like the current COVID-19 pandemic, and
risks relating to the outbreak of hostilities in Ukraine, could
also have material adverse effects on our business, financial
condition, liquidity, results of operations, modified funds from
operations (“MFFO”), and prospects. You should exercise caution in
relying on forward-looking statements, as they involve known and
unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may materially
affect our future results, performance, achievements or
transactions. Information on factors that could impact actual
results and cause them to differ from what is anticipated in the
forward-looking statements contained herein is included in this
Report as well as in our other filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including but not limited to those
described in
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
of this
Report. Except as required by federal securities laws and the rules
and regulations of the SEC, we do not undertake to revise or update
any forward-looking statements.
PART I
Item 1. Business.
General Development of Business
Overview
WLT is a self-managed, publicly owned, non-traded real estate
investment trust (“REIT”) that, together with its consolidated
subsidiaries, invests in, manages and seeks to enhance the value
of, interests in lodging and lodging-related properties in the
United States. As a REIT, we are not subject to U.S. federal income
taxation as long as we satisfy certain requirements, principally
relating to the nature of our income, the level of our
distributions to our stockholders and other factors. As of
December 31, 2021, substantially all of our assets and
liabilities are held by, and all of our operations are conducted
through, CWI 2 OP, LP (the “Operating Partnership”) and we are a
general partner and a limited partner of, and own a 99.0% capital
interest in, the Operating Partnership. Watermark Capital Partners,
LLC (“Watermark Capital”), which is 100% owned by Mr. Michael G.
Medzigian, our Chief Executive Officer, holds the remaining 1.0% in
the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2021. In order to
qualify as a REIT, we cannot operate hotels directly; therefore, we
lease our hotels to our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries
(“TRSs” and collectively the “TRS lessees”). As of
December 31, 2021, we held ownership interests in 25 hotels,
with a total of 8,163 rooms.
COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows
throughout 2021 and will continue to do so for the reasonably
foreseeable future. As of March 28, 2022, all of our hotels
are open but several continue to operate at reduced levels of
occupancy and staffing. Although results improved relative to 2020,
we cannot estimate with certainty when travel demand will fully
recover or how new variants of COVID-19 could impact recovery. We
have generally experienced improving demand at our properties as
government-imposed restrictions and limitations on travel and large
gatherings have loosened and as vaccines have become more widely
available. We expect the recovery to continue to occur unevenly
across our portfolio, with hotels that cater to business travel
recovering more slowly than resort properties. Governmental and
business efforts to encourage or mandate vaccinations and public
adoption rates of vaccines have impacted and may continue to impact
the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and have had and may
continue to have disruptive effects on certain segments of the
labor market. Individual ability or desire to travel and corporate
travel policies will continue to be impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic and affect the recovery of our properties. The ultimate
severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects, and
the emergence of variants, are uncertain, including whether
COVID-19 will become endemic or cyclical in nature. Given these
uncertainties, we cannot estimate with reasonable certainty the
impact on our business, financial condition or near- or long-term
financial or operational results.
Estimated Net Asset Value
Our estimated net asset value (“NAV”) as of December 31, 2021 has
been determined to be $6.29 per share of Class A stock and $6.22
per share of Class T stock, based on shares outstanding as of
December 31,2021. Please see our Current Report on Form 8-K for
additional information regarding the calculation of our
NAVs.
Narrative Description of Business
General
We are a publicly owned, non-traded REIT that strives to create
value in the lodging industry with a focus on building and
enhancing the value of a portfolio of interests in lodging and
lodging related investments. We employ value-added strategies, such
as re-branding, renovating, expanding or changing hotel operators,
when we believe such strategies will increase the operating results
and values of the hotels we acquire. We regularly review the hotels
in our portfolio to ensure that they continue to meet our
investment criteria. If we were to conclude that a hotel’s value
has been maximized, or that it no longer fits within our financial
or strategic criteria, we may seek to sell the hotel and use the
net proceeds for investments in our existing or new hotels, or to
reduce our overall leverage. While we do not operate our hotel
properties, both our asset management team and our executive
management team monitor and work cooperatively with our hotel
operators in all aspects of our hotels' operations, including
advising and making recommendations regarding property positioning
and repositioning, revenue and expense management, operations
analysis, physical design, renovation and capital improvements,
guest experience and overall strategic direction. We believe that
we can add significant value to our portfolio through our intensive
asset management strategies. Our executive and asset management
teams have significant experience in hotels, as well as in creating
and implementing innovative asset management
initiatives.
Our business was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic
and the material reduction in demand experienced by our hotels and
the lodging industry generally. See “Risk Factors - Risk Related to
our Business and Operations - The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
continue to materially and adversely affect us and they are
expected to continue to do so for the foreseeable
future.”
As a REIT, we are allowed to own lodging properties, but are
prohibited from operating these properties. In order to comply with
applicable REIT qualification rules, we enter into leases with
certain of our subsidiaries organized as TRSs. The TRS lessees in
turn contract with independent property operators that manage the
day-to-day operations of our properties.
The lodging properties we have acquired include full-service
branded hotels located in urban settings, resort properties and
select-service hotels. Full-service hotels generally provide a full
complement of guest amenities, including food and beverage
services, meeting and conference facilities, concierge and room
service and valet parking, among others. Select-service hotels
typically have limited food and beverage outlets and do not offer
comprehensive business or banquet facilities. Resort properties may
include smaller boutique hotels and large-scale integrated resorts.
All of our investments to date have been in the United States,
however, we may consider, and are not prohibited under our
organizational documents from making, investments outside the
United States.
Our Portfolio
As of December 31, 2021, our portfolio was comprised of our
full or partial ownership in 25 hotels with 8,163 guest rooms, all
located in the United States. See
Item
2. Properties.
Holding Period
We generally intend to hold our investments in real property for an
extended period depending on the type of investment. The
determination of whether a particular asset should be sold or
otherwise disposed of will be made after consideration of relevant
factors, including prevailing economic conditions, with a view to
achieving maximum capital appreciation for our stockholders while
avoiding increases in risk. No assurance can be given that this
objective will be realized.
Financing Strategies
As of December 31, 2021, our hotel portfolio, including both
the hotels that we consolidate in our financial statements
(“Consolidated Hotels”) (as further discussed in
Note
4)
and the hotel that we record as an equity investment in our
financial statements (“Unconsolidated Hotel”) (as further discussed
in
Note
5),
was
64% leveraged.
Our organizational documents permit us to incur leverage of up to
75% of the total costs of our investments or 300% of our net assets
(whichever is less), or a higher amount with the approval of a
majority of our independent directors.
Competition
The hotel industry is highly competitive. Hotels we acquire compete
with other hotels for guests in our markets. Competitive factors
include location, convenience, brand affiliation, room rates, range
and the quality of services, facilities and guest amenities or
accommodations offered. Competition in the markets in which our
hotels operate include competition from existing, newly renovated
and newly developed hotels in the relevant segments. Competition
can adversely affect the occupancy, average daily rates (“ADR”),
and revenue per available room (“RevPAR”) of our hotels, and thus
our financial results, and may require us to provide additional
amenities, incur additional costs or make capital improvements that
we otherwise might not choose to make, which may adversely affect
our profitability.
Seasonality
Certain lodging properties are seasonal in nature. Generally,
occupancy rates and revenues are greater in the second and third
quarters than in the first and fourth quarters. As a result of the
seasonality of certain lodging properties, there may be quarterly
fluctuations in results of operations of our properties. Quarterly
financial results may be adversely affected by factors outside our
control, including weather conditions and poor economic
factors.
Certain Environmental and Regulatory Matters
Our hotel properties are subject to various federal, state and
local environmental laws and regulations. In connection with our
current or prior ownership or operation of hotels, we may
potentially be liable for various environmental costs or
liabilities (including investigation, clean-up and disposal of
hazardous materials released at, on, under, in or from the
property). Environmental laws and regulations typically impose
responsibility without regard to whether the owner or operator knew
of or was responsible for the presence of hazardous materials or
contamination, and liability is often joint and several. As part of
our efforts to mitigate these risks, we typically engage third
parties to perform assessments of potential environmental risks
when evaluating new acquisitions or if required to do so by a
lender. Such environmental surveys are limited in scope, however,
and we remain exposed to contaminates (e.g., such as asbestos and
mold) and hazardous or regulated substances used during the routine
operations of our hotels (e.g., swimming pool or dry cleaning
chemicals). Our hotel properties incur costs to comply with
environmental and health and safety laws and regulations and could
be subject to fines and penalties for non-compliance.
We have not received written notice from any governmental authority
of any material noncompliance, liability or claim relating to
hazardous or toxic substances or other environmental matters in
connection with any of our properties. And although we are not
currently aware of any material environmental or health and safety
claims pending or threatened against us, a claim may be asserted
against us in the future that could have a material adverse effect
on us.
Our properties must comply with Title III of the Americans with
Disabilities Act of 1990 (the “ADA”) to the extent that such
properties are “public accommodations” as defined by the ADA. We
believe that our properties are substantially in compliance with
the ADA, however, the obligation to make readily achievable
accommodations is an ongoing one and we will continue to assess our
properties and make alterations as appropriate.
In addition, our hotel properties are subject to state and local
health and safety laws, regulations and mandates relating to their
operations in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Human Capital Resources
We had no employees prior to the Internalization in April 2020. As
part of the Internalization, we hired substantially all of the
former employees of Watermark Capital and a number of the former
employees of WPC that had performed services for us.
We made awards of restricted stock to key employees as means of
incentivizing and retaining them. As of December 31, 2021, we had
32 employees.
We experienced highly competitive conditions in the labor market in
2021, and we expect these conditions to continue for the
foreseeable future. In 2021, we adopted a retention plan under
which we granted restricted stock and/or cash awards to employees
to incentivize them to remain with us.
The third party operators that manage our hotels are generally
responsible for hiring and maintaining the labor force at the
hotels. The operators implemented significant furloughs of hotel
personnel in 2020 due to governmental shutdowns and lack of demand
attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Corporate Information
Our principal executive offices are located at 150 North Riverside
Plaza, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
We will supply to any stockholder, upon written request and without
charge, a copy of this Report as filed with the SEC. Our filings
can also be obtained for free on the SEC’s website at
http://www.sec.gov. All filings we make with the SEC, including
this Report, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and our
current reports on Form 8-K, as well as any amendments to
those reports, are available for free on our website,
http://www.watermarklodging.com, as soon as reasonably practicable
after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. We are providing
our website address solely for the information of investors and do
not intend for it to be an active link. We do not intend to
incorporate the information contained on our website into this
Report or other documents filed with or furnished to the
SEC.
Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which applies to all of
our officers and our directors, is available on our website at
http://www.watermarklodging.com. We intend to make available on our
website any future amendments or waivers to our Code of Business
Conduct and Ethics within four business days after any such
amendments or waivers.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity
and ability to pay distributions could be materially adversely
affected by various risks and uncertainties, including the
conditions discussed below. These risk factors may affect our
actual operating and financial results and could cause such results
to differ materially from our expectations as expressed in any
forward-looking statements. You should not consider this list
exhaustive. New risk factors emerge periodically and we cannot
assure you that the factors described below list all risks that may
become material to us at any later time.
Risks Related to Our Business and Operations
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic materially and adversely
affected us, and are expected to continue to do so for the
foreseeable future.
The full extent of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the
Company's business for the foreseeable future cannot be predicted
with certainty. As of the date of this Report, all of our hotels
are open but several continue to operate at reduced levels of
occupancy and staffing.
As discussed further below under “Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
and Financing Arrangements,” we have substantial
indebtedness.
Of the $2.0 billion Consolidated Hotel aggregate principal
balance indebtedness outstanding as of
December 31, 2021,
approximately $1.2 billion is scheduled to mature during the
12 months after the date of this Report, which included a total
of
$121.7 million that has been refinanced subsequent to December
31, 2021 (Note
16).
We have continued to work with our lenders to address loans with
near-term mortgage maturities and during the year ended December
31, 2021, have refinanced or extended the maturity date
of
11
Consolidated Hotel mortgage loans, aggregating
$1.0 billion
of indebtedness. As of December 31, 2021, we have effectively
entered into cash management agreements with the lenders on 18 of
our 24 Consolidated Hotel mortgage loans either because the minimum
debt service coverage ratio was not met or as a result of a loan
modification agreement. If the Company is unable to repay,
refinance or extend maturing mortgage loans, we may choose to
market these assets for sale or the lenders may declare events of
default and seek to foreclose on the underlying hotels or we may
also seek to surrender properties back to the lender.
The Company expects that its operations for the foreseeable future
will continue to be significantly impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic. As of March 28, 2022, all of our hotels are open but
several continue to operate at reduced levels of occupancy and
staffing. We expect the recovery to continue to occur unevenly
across our portfolio, with hotels that cater to business travel
recovering more slowly than resort properties. Governmental and
business efforts to encourage or mandate vaccinations, and public
adoption rates of vaccines, have impacted and continue to impact
the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and have had and may
continue to have disruptive effects on certain segments of the
labor market. Individual ability or desire to travel and corporate
travel policies will continue to be impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic and affect the recovery of our properties. The ultimate
severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects, and
the emergence of variants, are uncertain, including whether
COVID-19 will become endemic or cyclical in nature. The Company has
already incurred and may incur additional or continuing material
costs to reconfigure the layout of its properties, add cleaning
services and systems, and take other steps to seek to address
customer concerns. Additionally, the disruption to our business
caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has led and may continue to lead to
triggering events that may indicate that the carrying value
of
certain of our assets, including investments in real estate, equity
investments in real estate, and intangibles, may not be
recoverable, resulting in impairment charges.
These and other effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are materially and
adversely affecting our current business, results of operations,
financial condition, cash flows, ability to meet financial
covenants under financing arrangements, ability to pay dividends
and asset valuations, and they are expected to continue to do so
for the foreseeable future. The severity of the impact will depend
on the duration of these conditions and on recovery in the travel
and lodging industry.
The Company’s financial condition and results of operations will
depend on access to cash flow and additional
financing.
The ability of the Company to execute its near- and longer-term
business strategy depends on access to an appropriate blend of cash
flow from our hotel operations, financing to address upcoming debt
maturities, and potentially additional equity financing, joint
venture financing and asset sales, the availability of which will
be affected by the performance of our hotel portfolio as well as
general market and economic conditions and other factors, many of
which are beyond our control. The COVID-19 pandemic and the
outbreak of hostilities in Ukraine have resulted in severe
volatility and disruption in the financial markets generally, and
for companies in the lodging sector. There can be no guarantee that
financing will be available in sufficient amounts, on favorable
terms or at all, to enable the Company to refinance upcoming debt
maturities. If we are unable to repay, refinance or extend maturing
mortgage loans, the lenders may declare events of default and seek
to foreclose on the underlying hotels. In addition, if we fail to
meet cash flow-related covenants in our loans,
which has occurred with respect to
18 of our 24
Consolidated Hotel mortgage loans,
as discussed above, the
lender typically has the right to impose cash management
restrictions that limit our ability to use the cash generated on
the affected properties. Any such consequences could negatively
affect our results of operations, financial condition, cash flows,
ability to pay dividends and asset valuations.
The lodging industry is highly sensitive to trends in business and
personal travel.
The performance of the lodging industry has historically been
closely linked to the performance of the general economy and,
specifically, growth in U.S. gross domestic product. The lodging
industry is also sensitive to business and personal discretionary
spending levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has materially adversely
affected corporate budgets and consumer demand for travel and
lodging. These trends are likely to continue. In particular,
industry experts predict that business travel and group travel will
be slower to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic than personal
leisure travel. Most of our hotels have historically derived a
significant portion of their business from business travel and
group travel. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant decline in
demand for our products and services. We cannot predict how long
reduced demand will continue or its effect on occupancy levels and
room rates. Significant recent increases in fuel prices and the
outbreak of hostilities in Ukraine may also adversely affect
business and personal travel demand. A continuing significant
reduction in occupancy for room rates would continue to adversely
impact our revenues and have a negative effect on our
profitability.
We are subject to various operating risks common to the lodging
industry.
Our hotel properties and lodging facilities are subject to various
operating risks common to the lodging industry, many of which are
beyond our control, including the risk described under this section
“Risk Factors” and the following:
•competition
from other hotel properties or lodging facilities in our
markets;
•over-building
of hotels in our markets, which would adversely affect occupancy
and revenues at our hotels;
•dependence
on business and commercial travelers and tourism both of which have
been materially adversely affected by the COVID-19
pandemic;
•increases
in energy costs and other expenses, which may affect travel
patterns and reduce the number of business and commercial travelers
and tourists;
•increases
in operating costs due to inflation and other factors that may not
be offset by increased room rates;
•competition
for labor and increased costs of labor;
•changes
in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies and zoning
ordinances, and the related compliance costs of such
changes;
•adverse
effects of international, national, regional and local economic and
market conditions;
•unforeseen
events beyond our control, such as terrorist attacks, travel
related health concerns (including pandemics and epidemics such as
COVID-19), political instability, governmental restrictions on
travel, regional hostilities, imposition of taxes or surcharges by
regulatory authorities, travel related accidents, climate change
and unusual weather patterns (including natural disasters such as
hurricanes, wildfires, tsunamis or earthquakes);
•adverse
effects of a downturn in the lodging industry;
•the
seasonal nature of resort properties, which may cause fluctuations
in our quarterly results; and
•risks
generally associated with the ownership of hotel properties and
real estate, as discussed in other risk factors.
These risks could reduce our net operating profits, which in turn
could adversely affect our ability to meet our obligations and make
distributions to our stockholders.
We are subject to the risks of brand concentration.
Eighteen
of our 25 hotels utilize brands owned by Marriott. As a result, our
success is dependent in part on the continued success of their
brands. A negative public image or other adverse event that affects
those brands, such as business difficulties arising from the
COVID-19 pandemic or the widely publicized cybersecurity incident
that affected Marriott hotels in recent years, could adversely
affect hotels operated under those brands. If a brand suffers a
significant decline in appeal to the traveling public, the revenues
and profitability of our hotels operated under that brand could be
adversely affected.
The cyclical nature of the lodging industry may cause fluctuations
in our operating performance.
The lodging industry is highly cyclical in nature. Fluctuations in
operating performance are caused largely by general economic and
local market conditions, which affect business and leisure travel
levels. In addition to general economic conditions, new hotel room
supply is an important factor that can affect the lodging
industry’s performance, and over-building has the potential to
further exacerbate the negative impact of an economic recession.
Room rates and occupancy, and thus RevPAR, tend to increase when
demand growth exceeds supply growth. A decline in lodging demand, a
substantial growth in lodging supply or a deterioration in the
improvement of lodging fundamentals as forecast by industry
analysts could result in returns that are substantially below
expectations, or result in losses, which could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of
operations and our ability to make distributions to our
stockholders.
We own hotels pursuant to ground leases, which could materially and
adversely affect us.
We lease the land underlying four of our hotels from third-parties
as of December 31, 2021. Purchasers may be disinterested in buying,
and lenders may be disinterested in financing, properties subject
to a ground lease, or lenders may condition any financing on
receiving lender protection that the ground lessor is unwilling to
provide. Accordingly, we may find it difficult to sell or finance a
property subject to a ground lease, or may receive less proceeds in
a sale or financing. To the extent that we are unable to sell or
finance a hotel, or the proceeds of a sale or financing are
decreased due to the existence of a ground lease, our business,
financial condition, results of operations and our ability to make
distributions to stockholders could be materially adversely
affected.
We could have property losses that are not covered by
insurance.
Our property insurance policies provide that all of the claims from
each of our hotels resulting from a particular insurable event must
be combined together for purposes of evaluating whether the
aggregate limits and sub-limits contained in our policies have been
exceeded. Therefore, if an insurable event occurs that affects more
than one of our hotels, the claims from each affected hotel will be
added together to determine whether the aggregate limit or
sub-limits, depending on the type of claim, have been reached. If
the total value of the loss exceeds the aggregate limits available,
each affected hotel may only receive a proportional share of the
amount of insurance proceeds provided for under the policy. We may
incur losses in excess of insured limits, and as a result, may be
even less likely to receive sufficient coverage for risks that
affect multiple properties, such as earthquakes or catastrophic
terrorist acts. Further, in the event a hotel is significantly
damaged due to a casualty, restoring it may require compliance with
updated zoning and use laws, which would likely be more restrictive
and expensive, and could result in not being able to rebuild the
hotel as it previously existed. In addition, catastrophic losses,
such as those from successive or massive hurricanes or wildfires,
could make the cost of insuring against such types of losses
prohibitively expensive or difficult to obtain. Risks such as war,
catastrophic terrorist acts, nuclear, biological, chemical or
radiological attacks, climate change, pandemics and some
environmental hazards may be deemed to fall completely outside the
general coverage limits of our policies, may be uninsurable or may
be too expensive to justify insuring against. We are in contact
with our insurance carriers regarding coverage related to losses
caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although there has been no final
determination regarding insurance coverage related to losses caused
by the COVID-19 pandemic, we understand that insurance carriers
have generally been taking the position that losses caused by the
COVID-19 pandemic are not insured. We intend to exercise our rights
and remedies to the fullest extent possible in order to obtain
insurance coverage related to losses caused by the COVID-19
pandemic, although any recovery is uncertain.
We have encountered, and will likely continue to encounter,
disputes concerning whether an insurance provider will pay a
particular claim that we believe is covered under our policy.
Should a loss in excess of insured limits or an uninsured loss
occur, or should we be unsuccessful in obtaining coverage from an
insurance carrier, we could lose all, or a portion of, the capital
we have invested in a property, as well as the anticipated future
revenue from the hotel. In such event, we may nevertheless remain
obligated for any mortgage debt or other financial obligations
related to the property.
We obtain terrorism insurance to the extent required by lenders or
franchisors as a part of our all-risk property insurance program,
as well as our general liability policy. However, our all-risk
policies have limitations, such as per occurrence limits and
sub-limits, which may have to be shared proportionally across
participating hotels under certain loss scenarios. Also, all-risk
insurers only have to provide terrorism coverage to the extent
mandated by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act for ‘‘certified’’ acts
of terrorism - namely those that are committed on behalf of
non-U.S. persons or interests. Furthermore, we do not have full
replacement coverage at all of our hotels for acts of terrorism
committed on behalf of U.S. persons or interests (‘‘non-certified’’
events) as our coverage for such incidents is subject to sub-limits
and/or annual aggregate limits. In addition, property damage
related to war and to nuclear, biological and chemical incidents is
excluded under our policies. While the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act
will reimburse insurers for losses resulting from nuclear,
biological and chemical perils, it does not require insurers to
offer coverage for these perils and, to date, insurers are not
willing to provide this coverage, even with government reinsurance.
As a result of the above, there remains uncertainty regarding the
extent and adequacy of terrorism coverage that will be available to
protect our interests in the event of future terrorist attacks that
impact our properties.
We face possible risks associated with the physical effects of
climate change.
We are subject to the risks associated with the physical effects of
climate change, which can include more frequent or severe storms,
hurricanes, flooding, droughts, fires and other extreme weather
events, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our
hotels, operating results and cash flows. To the extent climate
change causes changes in weather patterns, increases in storm
intensity could occur, and rising sea-levels causing damage to our
hotels in coastal markets. Our hotel properties in Florida,
Louisiana and California were adversely impacted by hurricanes,
storms and wildfires in recent years. We could become subject to
significant losses and/or repair costs that may or may not be fully
covered by insurance. Other markets may experience prolonged
variations in temperature or precipitation that may limit access to
the water needed to operate our hotels or significantly increase
energy costs, which may subject those hotels to additional
regulatory burdens, such as limitations on water usage or stricter
energy efficiency standards. Climate change also may affect our
business by increasing the cost of (or making unavailable) property
insurance on terms we find acceptable in areas most vulnerable to
such events, increasing operating costs at our hotels, such as the
cost of water or energy, and requiring us to expend funds as we
seek to repair and protect our hotels against such risks. There can
be no assurance that climate change will not have a material
adverse effect on our hotels, financial position, operating results
or cash flows.
Compliance with the ADA and the related regulations, rules and
orders may adversely affect our financial condition.
Under the ADA, all public accommodations, including hotels, are
required to meet certain federal requirements for access and use by
disabled persons. Various state and local jurisdictions have also
adopted requirements relating to the accessibility of buildings to
disabled persons. We make every reasonable effort to ensure that
our hotels substantially comply with the requirements of the ADA
and other applicable laws. However, we could be liable for both
governmental fines and payments to private parties if it were
determined that our hotels are not in compliance with these laws.
If we were required to make unanticipated major modifications to
our hotels to comply with the requirements of the ADA and similar
laws, it could materially adversely affect our ability to make
distributions to our stockholders and to satisfy our other
obligations.
Our participation in joint ventures creates additional
risk.
From time to time, we have and may continue to participate in joint
ventures to purchase assets. There are additional risks involved in
joint venture transactions. As a co-investor in a joint venture, we
may not be in a position to exercise sole decision-making authority
relating to the property or the joint venture. In addition, there
is the potential that our joint venture partner may become bankrupt
or that we may have diverging or inconsistent economic or business
interests. These diverging interests could, among other things,
expose us to liabilities in the joint venture investment in excess
of our proportionate share of those liabilities. The partition
rights of each owner in a jointly owned property could reduce the
value of each portion of the divided property. Further, if we have
a fiduciary obligation to a co-investor it may conflict with our
duties to our stockholders and any such conflict may result in a
less favorable outcome to our stockholders.
We may have difficulty selling our properties, potentially
resulting in a lack of liquidity.
Real estate investments are generally less liquid than many other
financial assets. The real estate market is affected by general
economic conditions, availability of financing, interest rates and
other factors beyond our control. The COVID-19 pandemic generally
reduced the number of transactions taking place for lodging
properties. Some of the other factors that could restrict our
ability to sell properties include, but are not limited
to:
•inability
to agree on a favorable price or on favorable terms;
•restrictions
on transfer imposed by lenders, franchisors, managers and other
third parties;
•the
availability of financing for buyers of hotels; property condition,
including environmental issues; and
•lack
of funds to correct defects or make improvements necessary for a
sale.
Our inability to sell properties may result in our being unable to
raise proceeds needed to repay maturing debt or in our owning
lodging facilities that no longer fit within our business strategy.
Holding these properties or selling them at a loss may affect our
earnings and, in turn, could adversely affect the value of our
portfolio. These factors could have a material adverse effect on
our results of operations and financial condition, as well as our
ability to pay distributions to stockholders.
Potential liability for environmental matters could adversely
affect our financial condition.
Owners of real estate are subject to numerous federal, state and
local environmental laws and regulations. Under these laws and
regulations, a current or former owner of real estate may be liable
for costs of remediating hazardous substances found on its
property, whether or not they were responsible for its presence.
Although we subject our properties to an environmental assessment
prior to acquisition, we may not be made aware of all the
environmental liabilities associated with a property prior to its
purchase, or we or a subsequent owner may discover hidden
environmental hazards after acquisition. The costs of
investigation, remediation or removal of asbestos and hazardous
substances may be substantial. In addition, the presence of
hazardous substances on one of our properties, or the failure to
properly remediate a contaminated property, could expose us to
liability for third party claims and/or adversely affect our
ability to sell the property or to borrow using the property as
collateral.
Environmental laws may also impose restrictions on the manner in
which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these
restrictions may require expenditures that may be
material.
Future terrorist attacks or increased concern about terrorist
activities, or the threat or outbreak of a pandemic disease, could
adversely affect the travel and lodging industries and may affect
the operations of our hotels.
As in the past, terrorist attacks or alerts in the United States
and abroad, or the threat of, or actual outbreak of, pandemic
disease could reduce both business and leisure travel, resulting in
a decline in the lodging sector. Any kind of terrorist activity
within the United States or elsewhere could negatively impact both
domestic and international markets, as well as our business. Such
attacks or threats of attacks could have a material adverse effect
on our business, our ability to insure our properties and our
operations. The threat of or actual outbreak of a pandemic disease
could reduce business and leisure travel, which could have a
material adverse effect on our business.
We are subject to general risks associated with the employment of
hotel personnel, including competition for labor.
While third-party hotel managers are responsible for hiring and
maintaining the labor force at each of our hotels, we are subject
to many of the costs and risks generally associated with the hotel
labor force. Increased labor costs due to tightened labor market
conditions, collective bargaining activity, minimum wage
initiatives and additional taxes or requirements to incur
additional employee benefits costs may adversely impact our
operating costs. We may also incur increased legal costs and
indirect labor costs as a result of contract disputes or other
events. Hotels where our managers have collective bargaining
agreements with employees could be affected more significantly by
labor force activities and additional hotels or groups of employees
may become subject to additional collective bargaining agreements
in the future. Increased labor organizational efforts or changes in
labor laws could lead to disruptions in our operations, increase
our labor costs, or interfere with the ability of our management to
focus on executing our business strategies (e.g., by consuming
management’s time and attention, limiting the ability of hotel
managers to reduce workforces during economic downturns, etc.). In
addition, from time to time, strikes, lockouts, boycotts, public
demonstrations or other negative actions and publicity may disrupt
hotel operations at any of our
hotels, negatively impact our reputation or the reputation of our
brands, cause us to lose guests, or harm relationships with the
labor forces at our hotels.
We face risks relating to cybersecurity attacks, loss of
confidential information and other business
disruptions.
Our business is at risk from and may be impacted by cybersecurity
attacks, including attempts to gain unauthorized access to our
confidential data and other electronic security breaches. Such
cyberattacks can range from individual attempts to gain
unauthorized access to our or our independent hotel operators’
information technology systems to more sophisticated security
threats. While we and our independent hotel operators employ a
number of measures to prevent, detect and mitigate these threats
including password protection, backup servers and annual
penetration testing, there is no guarantee such efforts will be
successful in preventing a cyberattack. Cybersecurity incidents
could compromise the confidential information of financial
transactions and records, personal identifying information,
reservations, billing and operating data and disrupt and affect the
efficiency of our business operations.
We and our independent hotel operators rely on information
technology in our operations, and any material failure, inadequacy,
interruption or security failure of that technology could harm our
business.
We and our independent hotel operators rely on information
technology networks and systems to process, transmit and store
electronic information, and to manage or support a variety of
business processes, including financial transactions and records,
personal identifying information, reservations, billing and
operating data. We and our independent hotel operators purchase
some of our information technology from third-party vendors.
Although we and our independent hotel operators have taken steps to
protect the security of our information systems and the data
maintained in those systems, our independent hotel operators have
encountered information technology issues in the past and it is
possible that such safety and security measures will not be able to
prevent improper system functions, damage or the improper access or
disclosure of personally identifiable information. Security
breaches, including physical or electronic break-ins, computer
viruses, attacks by hackers and similar breaches, can create system
disruptions, shutdowns or unauthorized disclosure of confidential
information. Any failure to maintain proper function, security and
availability of information systems could interrupt our operations,
damage our reputation, subject us to liability claims or regulatory
penalties and could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
We depend on the ability of the independent hotel operators to
operate and manage our hotels.
As a REIT, we are allowed to own lodging properties, but are
prohibited from operating them. Therefore, in order for us to
satisfy certain REIT qualification rules, we enter into leases with
the TRS lessees for each of our lodging properties. The TRS lessees
in turn contract with independent hotel operators that manage the
day-to-day operations of our properties. We may be limited in our
ability to direct the actions of the independent hotel operators,
particularly with respect to daily operations. Thus, even if we
believe that our lodging properties are being operated in an
unsatisfactory manner, we may not have sufficient rights under a
particular property operating agreement to force the property
operator to change its method of operation. Our results of
operations, financial position, cash flows and ability to service
debt and to make distributions to stockholders are, therefore,
substantially dependent on the ability of the property operators to
successfully operate our hotels. Some of our operating agreements
may have lengthy terms, may not be terminable by us before the
agreement’s expiration and may require the payment of substantial
termination fees. Replacing a property operator may also result in
significant disruptions at the affected hotels.
Our hotel management and franchise agreements limit operating
flexibility.
We have entered into franchise or license agreements with
nationally recognized lodging brands for most of our hotels. These
franchise agreements contain specific standards for, and
restrictions and limitations on, the operation and maintenance of
our properties and our ability to make property improvements, in
order to maintain uniformity within the franchise system. The
franchisors also periodically inspect our properties to ensure that
we maintain their standards. As a condition to the maintenance of a
franchise license, a franchisor could also require us to make
capital expenditures, even if we do not believe the improvements
are necessary or desirable. A breach of the standards or other
terms and conditions of the franchise agreements could result in
the loss or termination of a franchise license. In addition, when
terminating or changing the franchise affiliation of a property, we
may be required to incur significant expenses or capital
expenditures.
The loss of a franchise license and associated brand recognition
and marketing support could have a material adverse effect upon the
operations or the underlying value of the property and could
materially and adversely affect our results of operations,
financial position and cash flows, including our ability to service
debt and make distributions to our stockholders.
We face competition in the lodging industry, which may limit our
profitability and returns to our stockholders.
The lodging industry is highly competitive. This competition could
reduce occupancy levels and revenues at our properties, which would
adversely affect our operations. We face competition from many
sources, including from (i) other lodging facilities, both in the
immediate vicinity and the geographic market where our lodging
properties are located and (ii) nationally recognized lodging
brands that we are not associated with. In addition, increases in
operating costs due to inflation may not be offset by increased
room rates. Some of our competitors may have substantially greater
marketing and financial resources than us. If independent hotel
operators are unable to compete successfully or if our competitors’
marketing strategies are effective, our results of operations,
financial condition and ability to service debt may be adversely
affected and may reduce the cash available for distribution to our
stockholders.
We also face competition for investment opportunities. We face
competition from other REITs, national lodging chains and other
entities that may have substantially greater financial resources
than us. If we are unable to compete successfully in the
acquisition and management of our lodging properties, our results
of operation and financial condition may be adversely affected and
may reduce the cash available for distribution to our
stockholders.
Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Financing
Arrangements
We are subject to risks from having substantial indebtedness and
redeemable preferred stock.
Pursuant to our mortgage loan agreements, our consolidated
subsidiaries are subject to various operational and financial
covenants, including minimum debt service coverage and debt yield
ratios. As discussed elsewhere in this Report in “Liquidity and
Capital Resources,”
as of
December 31, 2021,
the mortgage loans for our Consolidated Hotels had an aggregate
principal balance totaling $2.0 billion outstanding, all of
which is mortgage indebtedness and is generally non-recourse,
subject to customary non-recourse carve-outs, except that we have
provided certain lenders with limited corporate guaranties
aggregating $17.0 million for items such as property taxes,
deferred debt service and amounts drawn from furniture, fixtures
and equipment reserves to pay expenses, in connection with loan
modification agreements. We have continued to work with our lenders
to address loans with near-term mortgage maturities and during the
year ended December 31, 2021, have refinanced or extended the
maturity date
of
11
Consolidated Hotel mortgage loans, aggregating
$1.0 billion
of indebtedness. As of December 31, 2021, we have effectively
entered into cash management agreements with the lenders on 18 of
our 24
Consolidated Hotel mortgage loans either because the minimum debt
service coverage ratio was not met or as a result of a loan
modification agreement.
Of the $2.0 billion aggregate principal balance indebtedness
outstanding as of
December 31, 2021,
approximately $1.2 billion is scheduled to mature during the
12 months after the date of this Report, which included a total
of
$121.7 million that has been refinanced subsequent to December
31, 2021. If we are unable to repay, refinance or extend maturing
mortgage loans, or if we breach a covenant and do not get a waiver
from the applicable lenders, the lenders may declare events of
default and seek to foreclose on the underlying hotels or we may
also seek to surrender properties back to the lender. If an event
of default were to occur, we may need to continue seeking to raise
capital through asset sales or strategic financing transactions,
potentially on unfavorable terms, but there is no assurance as to
the certainty or timing of any such transactions. Any such
consequences could negatively affect our results of operations,
financial condition, cash flows, ability to pay dividends, and
asset valuations.
In addition to our indebtedness, at December 31, 2021, the
liquidation value of our 12% Series B Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”) outstanding was
$231.3 million. The Series B Preferred Stock is redeemable at
the option of the holder thereof under certain circumstances,
including in connection with certain change of control and other
extraordinary corporate transactions. The holders of the Series B
Preferred Stock have the option to require us to redeem 100% of the
then-outstanding shares in July 2025. If we fail to redeem in full,
in cash, all the shares of Series B Preferred Stock required or
sought by holders to be redeemed by the applicable deadline (i) the
dividend rate will immediately be increased by 4% (unless an
increased rate is already then in effect), (ii) no further
dividends or distributions on, and no purchases of, common stock
will be permitted, subject to certain exceptions, and (iii) the
initial purchaser of the Series B Preferred Stock and its
affiliates and permitted transferees will have the right to require
us to sell certain assets and properties for net proceeds in an
amount sufficient to pay all unpaid redemption amounts due, subject
to the conditions specified in the Articles Supplementary governing
the Series B Preferred Stock. There can be no assurance that we
will have sufficient funds available when needed to satisfy our
redemption obligations under the Series B Preferred
Stock.
Our debt incurrence may subject us to an increased risk of
loss.
Our charter and bylaws do not restrict the form of indebtedness we
may incur. The leverage we employ varies depending on our ability
to obtain credit facilities, the loan-to-value and debt service
coverage ratios of our assets, the yield on our assets, the
targeted leveraged return we expect from our investment portfolio
and our ability to meet ongoing covenants related to our asset mix
and financial performance. Our return on our investments and cash
available for distribution to our stockholders may be reduced to
the extent that changes in market conditions cause the cost of our
financing to increase relative to the income that we can derive
from the assets we acquire. Debt service payments and lender cash
management agreements have reduced, and may continue to reduce, our
net income available for distributions to our stockholders.
Moreover, we may not be able to meet our debt service obligations
and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all
of our assets to foreclosure or sale to satisfy our debt
obligations.
Our financial condition and ability to make distributions may be
adversely affected by availability and terms of
financing.
A reduction in available financing or increased interest rates for
real-estate related investments may impact our financial condition
by increasing our cost of borrowing, reducing our overall leverage
(which may reduce our returns on investment) and making it more
difficult for us to refinance maturing debt or obtain financing for
ongoing acquisitions. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected
the availability of financing for lodging assets and will continue
to do so for the foreseeable future.
The replacement of LIBOR may affect the value of certain of our
financial obligations and could affect our results of operations or
financial condition.
In July 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates
London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), announced that it intends
to stop persuading or compelling banks to submit LIBOR rates after
2021. In March 2021, ICE Benchmark Administration, the
administrator of LIBOR, extended the transition dates of certain
LIBOR tenors to June 30, 2023, after which LIBOR reference rates
will cease to be provided. Despite this deferral, the LIBOR
administrator has advised that no new contracts using U.S. Dollar
LIBOR should be entered into after December 31, 2021. It is unknown
whether any banks will continue to voluntarily submit rates for the
calculation of LIBOR, or whether LIBOR will continue to be
published by its administrator based on these submissions, or on
any other basis, after such dates. Regulators, industry groups and
certain committees, such as the Alternative Reference Rates
Committee have, among other things, published recommended fallback
language for LIBOR-linked financial instruments, identified
recommended alternatives for certain LIBOR rates, such as the
Secured Overnight Financing Rate as the recommended alternative to
U.S. Dollar LIBOR, and proposed implementations of the recommended
alternatives in floating rate financial instruments. It is
currently unknown the extent to which these recommendations and
proposals will be broadly accepted, whether they will continue to
evolve, and what the effect of their implementation may be on the
markets for floating-rate financial instruments. We are unable to
predict the timing or effect of any changes, any establishment of
alternative reference rates or any other reforms to LIBOR or any
replacement of LIBOR that may be enacted in the United States, the
United Kingdom or elsewhere. Such changes, reforms or replacements
relating to LIBOR could have an adverse impact on the market for or
value of any LIBOR-linked securities, loans, derivatives and other
financial obligations or extensions of credit held by or due to us
on our overall financial condition or results of
operations.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
The Company has suspended distributions and redemptions and future
distributions and redemptions are restricted.
In light of the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on our
business, we have suspended distributions on and redemptions of our
common stock. Requests for special circumstances redemptions may
continue to be submitted, however, the Company will not take any
action with regard to those requests until the Board of Directors
has elected to lift the suspension and provided the terms and
conditions for any continuation of the program.
Distributions and redemptions in respect of future periods will be
evaluated by the Board of Directors based on circumstances and
expectations existing at the time of consideration, and are also
subject to the terms of the Series B Preferred Stock.
Among other terms of the Series B Preferred Stock, the Series B
Preferred Stock generally prohibits the Company from paying
distributions on common stock or redeeming common stock unless all
accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock are
paid in cash for all past dividend periods and the dividend for the
current dividend period is also paid in cash. There are certain
exceptions for the payment dividends on common stock required for
the Company to maintain its
REIT qualification, special circumstances redemptions of common
stock and redemptions of common stock that are funded with proceeds
from issuances of common stock under the Company's distribution
reinvestment plan.
The terms of our outstanding preferred equity securities could
adversely affect our common stockholders and result in conflicts of
interest.
Upon liquidation, holders of our Series B Preferred Stock will
receive a distribution of our available assets before holders of
our common stock. Our Series B Preferred Stock also has a
preference on periodic dividends and limits our ability to make
distributions to holders of shares of our common stock and to
redeem shares of our common stock. The holders of our Series B
Preferred Stock are currently entitled to elect two directors to
our board of directors. The current holders of our Series B
Preferred Stock hold interests in other hotels or hotel companies
that may compete with us; therefore, their director representatives
on our board may face conflicts of interest with respect to certain
business matters. The terms of the Series B Preferred Stock also
require that we redeem the shares at certain dates or upon the
occurrence of certain events. See Note
14 for a more complete description of our Series B Preferred
Stock. We cannot predict whether we may issue additional preferred
stock in the future. These and other terms of our outstanding
Series B Preferred Stock and additional preferred stock that we may
issue in the future could adversely affect our common stockholders
and result in conflicts of interest between our common and
preferred stockholders, and for the directors elected by our
preferred stockholders to our board.
Our NAVs may not be indicative of the price at which our shares
would trade if they were listed on an exchange or actively traded
by brokers.
The valuation methodologies underlying our NAVs involve subjective
judgments. Valuations of real properties do not necessarily
represent the price at which a willing buyer would purchase our
properties; therefore, there can be no assurance that we would
realize the values underlying our NAVs if we were to sell our
assets and distribute the net proceeds to our stockholders. In
addition, the values of our assets and debt are likely to fluctuate
over time. Our NAVs may not be indicative of (i) the price at which
shares would trade if they were listed on an exchange or actively
traded by brokers, (ii) the proceeds that a stockholder would
receive if we were liquidated or dissolved or (iii) the value of
our portfolio at the time you dispose of your shares.
Our distributions in the past have exceeded, and may in the future
exceed, our funds from operations (“FFO”).
Over the life of our company, the regular quarterly cash
distributions we pay are expected to be principally sourced from
our FFO. However, we have funded a portion of our cash
distributions to date using net proceeds from our public offerings
and, to a lesser extent, other sources; and there can be no
assurance that our FFO will be sufficient to cover our future
distributions. If our properties are not generating sufficient cash
flow or our other expenses require it, we may need to use other
sources of funds, such as proceeds from asset sales, borrowings or
our distribution reinvestment plan to fund distributions in order
to satisfy REIT requirements. If we fund distributions from
borrowings, such financing will incur interest costs and need to be
repaid.
Our distributions at any point in time may not reflect the current
performance of our properties or our current operating cash
flows.
Our charter permits us to make distributions from any source,
including the sources described in the risk factor above. Because
the amount we pay out in distributions has in the past exceeded,
and may in the future continue to exceed, our FFO, distributions to
stockholders may not reflect the current performance of our
properties or our current operating cash flows. To the extent
distributions exceed cash flow from operations, distributions may
be treated as a return of investment and could reduce a
stockholder’s basis in our stock. A reduction in a stockholder’s
basis in our stock could result in the stockholder recognizing more
gain upon the disposition of his or her shares, which in turn could
result in greater taxable income to such stockholder.
Stockholders’ equity interests may be diluted.
Our common stockholders do not have preemptive rights to any shares
of common stock issued by us in the future. The purchasers of our
Series B Preferred Stock also acquired warrants to purchase
16,778,446 operating partnership units in our Operating Partnership
at an exercise price of $0.01 per unit, which is equivalent to
6.75% of our fully diluted common equity as of the closing
of
the July 2020 Capital Raise, as defined in
Note
14.
The
warrants are entitled to participate in all distributions on our
common stock, on an as-exercised basis. Therefore, (i) if the
16,778,446 warrants are exercised, (ii) when we sell shares of
common stock in the future, including those issued pursuant to our
distribution reinvestment plan, (iii) when we issue
shares
of common stock to our independent directors, (iv) when we
issue shares of common stock under equity incentive plans or (v) if
we issue additional common stock or other securities that are
convertible into our common stock, then existing stockholders and
investors that purchased their shares in our initial public
offering will experience dilution of their percentage ownership in
us. Depending on the terms of such transactions, most notably the
offer price per share (which may be less than the per share
proceeds received by us in our initial public offering) and the
value of our properties and our other investments, existing common
stockholders might also experience a dilution in the book value and
NAV per share of their investment in us. The exercise of the
warrants described above will result in dilution in the book value
and NAV per share of our existing common stockholders due to the de
minimis exercise price of the warrants.
Our board of directors may change our investment policies or revoke
our REIT qualification without stockholder approval, which could
alter the nature of your investment.
Except as otherwise provided in our charter, our investment
policies, the methods for their implementation, and our other
objectives, policies and procedures may be altered by a majority of
our directors (including a majority of the independent directors),
without the approval of our stockholders. Furthermore, our charter
provides that the board of directors may revoke or otherwise
terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our
stockholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best
interest to continue to qualify as a REIT. As a result, the nature
of your investment could change without your consent. A change in
our investment strategy may, among other things, increase our
exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and hotel property
market fluctuations. If we cease to be a REIT, we will not be
allowed a deduction for dividends paid to stockholders in computing
our taxable income and we will be subject to federal income tax at
regular corporate rates and state and local taxes. Any of the
foregoing changes could materially adversely affect our ability to
achieve our investment objectives and the returns we generate for
our stockholders.
Our charter permits our board of directors to issue stock with
terms that may subordinate the rights of the holders of our current
common stock or discourage a third party from acquiring
us.
Our board of directors may determine that it is in our best
interest to classify or reclassify any unissued stock and establish
the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to distributions, qualifications, and
terms or conditions of redemption of any such stock. Thus, our
board of directors could authorize the issuance of such stock with
terms and conditions that could subordinate the rights of the
holders of our common stock or have the effect of delaying,
deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an
extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale
of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a
premium price for holders of our common stock. However, the
issuance of preferred stock must also be approved by a majority of
independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction,
who will have access at our expense to our legal counsel or to
independent legal counsel. In addition, the board of directors,
with the approval of a majority of the entire board and without any
action by the stockholders, may amend our charter from time to time
to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares or the
number of shares of any class or series that we have authority to
issue. If our board of directors determines to take any such
action, it will do so in accordance with the duties it owes to
holders of our common stock.
Our NAVs are computed by us in part on information provided to a
third party.
Our NAVs are computed by us relying in part upon an annual
third-party appraisal of the fair market value of our real estate
and third-party estimates of the fair market value of our debt. Any
valuation includes the use of estimates. Because NAVs are estimated
values and can change as interest rate and real estate markets
fluctuate, there is no assurance that a stockholder will realize a
particular NAV in connection with any liquidity event.
The lack of an active public trading market for our shares could
make it difficult for stockholders to sell shares quickly or at
all. We may amend, suspend or terminate our redemption plan without
giving our stockholders advance notice.
There is no active public trading market for our shares and we do
not expect one to develop. Moreover, we are not required to ever
complete a liquidity event. Our share redemption plan is currently
suspended and even if it reopens, stockholders should not rely on
our redemption plan as a method to sell shares promptly. If the
plan is reopened, it will likely continue to include numerous
restrictions that will limit stockholders’ ability to sell their
shares to us to an overall cap and our board of directors will be
able to amend, suspend or terminate the plan without advance
notice. Given these limitations, it may be difficult for
stockholders to sell their shares promptly or at all. In addition,
the price received for any shares sold prior to a liquidity event
is likely to be less than the applicable NAV at that time. Investor
suitability standards imposed by certain states may also make it
more difficult for stockholders to sell their shares to someone in
those states.
Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure
Conflicts of interest may arise between holders of our common stock
and holders of partnership interests in our Operating
Partnership.
Our directors and officers have duties to us and our stockholders
under Maryland law in connection with their management of us. At
the same time, our Operating Partnership was formed in Delaware and
we, as general partner, have duties under Delaware law to our
Operating Partnership and the limited partners in connection with
our management of our Operating Partnership. Our duties as general
partner of our Operating Partnership may come into conflict with
the duties of our directors and officers to us and our
stockholders.
Under Delaware law, a general partner of a Delaware limited
partnership owes its limited partners the duties of good faith and
fair dealing. Other duties, including fiduciary duties, may be
modified or eliminated in the partnership’s partnership agreement.
The partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership provides
that, for so long as we own a controlling interest in our Operating
Partnership, any conflict that cannot be resolved in a manner not
adverse to either our stockholders or the limited partners will be
resolved in favor of our stockholders. The provisions of Delaware
law that allow the fiduciary duties of a general partner to be
modified by a partnership agreement have not been tested in a court
of law, and we have not obtained an opinion of counsel covering the
provisions set forth in the partnership agreement that purport to
waive or restrict our fiduciary duties.
In addition, the partnership agreement expressly limits our
liability by providing that we and our officers, directors, agents
and employees will not be liable or accountable to our Operating
Partnership for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits
not derived if we or our officers, directors, agents or employees
acted in good faith. Furthermore, our Operating Partnership is
required to indemnify us and our officers, directors, employees,
agents and designees to the extent permitted by applicable law
from, and against, any and all claims arising from operations of
our Operating Partnership, unless it is established that: (i) the
act or omission was committed in bad faith, was fraudulent or was
the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; (ii) the
indemnified party actually received an improper personal benefit in
money, property or services; or (iii) in the case of a criminal
proceeding, the indemnified person had reasonable cause to believe
that the act or omission was unlawful. These limitations on
liability do not supersede the indemnification provisions of our
charter.
The ownership limit in our charter may discourage an advantageous
takeover.
To assist us in meeting the REIT qualification rules, among other
things, our charter prohibits the ownership by one person or
affiliated group of more than 9.8% in value of our stock or more
than 9.8% in value or number, whichever is more restrictive, of our
outstanding shares of common stock, unless exempted (prospectively
or retroactively) by our board of directors. This ownership
limitation may discourage third parties from making a potentially
attractive tender offer for our stockholders’ shares, thereby
inhibiting a change of control in us.
Maryland law could restrict a change in control that is in our
stockholders’ interest.
Provisions of Maryland law applicable to us prohibit business
combinations with:
•any
person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 10% or more
of the voting power of our outstanding voting stock, referred to as
an interested stockholder;
•an
affiliate or associate who, at any time within the two-year period
prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of,
directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the voting power of our then
outstanding stock, also referred to as an interested stockholder;
or
•an
affiliate of an interested stockholder.
These prohibitions last for five years after the most recent date
on which the interested stockholder became an interested
stockholder. Thereafter, any business combination must be
recommended by our board of directors and approved by the
affirmative vote of at least 80% of the votes entitled to be cast
by holders of our outstanding voting shares and two-thirds of the
votes entitled to be cast by holders of our outstanding voting
stock (other than voting stock held by the interested stockholder
or by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder).
These requirements could have the effect of inhibiting a change in
control of us even if a change in control were in our stockholders’
interest. These provisions of Maryland law do not apply, however,
to business combinations that are approved or exempted by our board
of directors prior to the time that someone becomes an interested
stockholder. In addition, a person is not an interested stockholder
if the board of directors approved in
advance the transaction by which he or she otherwise would have
become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a
transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval
is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with
any terms and conditions determined by the board.
Tax Risks
While we believe that we are properly organized as a REIT in
accordance with applicable law, we cannot guarantee that the
Internal Revenue Service will find that we have qualified as a
REIT.
We believe that we are organized in conformity with the
requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue
Code beginning with our 2008 taxable year and that our current and
anticipated investments and plan of operation will enable us to
meet and continue to meet the requirements for qualification and
taxation as a REIT. Investors should be aware, however, that the
Internal Revenue Service or any court could take a position
different from our own. Given the highly complex nature of the
rules governing REITs, the ongoing importance of factual
determinations, and the possibility of future changes in our
circumstances, no assurance can be given that we will qualify as a
REIT for any particular year.
Furthermore, our qualification and taxation as a REIT will depend
on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational,
distribution, stockholder ownership, and other requirements on a
continuing basis. Our ability to satisfy the quarterly asset tests
under applicable Internal Revenue Code provisions and Treasury
Regulations will depend in part upon our board of directors’ good
faith analysis of the fair market values of our assets, some of
which are not susceptible to a precise determination. Our
compliance with the REIT income and quarterly asset requirements
also depends upon our ability to successfully manage the
composition of our income and assets on an ongoing basis. While we
believe that we will satisfy these tests, we cannot guarantee that
this will be the case on a continuing basis.
In particular, if the IRS were to successfully challenge the status
of our Operating Partnership as a partnership for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, we would fail to qualify as a REIT, and we and
our Operating Partnership would be subject to corporate-level taxes
that would reduce our cash available to pay
distributions.
If we fail to remain qualified as a REIT, we would be subject to
federal income tax at corporate income tax rates, would not be able
to deduct distributions to stockholders and may have to take
unfavorable actions.
If, in any taxable year, we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT
and are not entitled to relief under the Internal Revenue Code, we
will:
•not
be allowed a deduction for distributions to stockholders in
computing our taxable income;
•be
subject to federal and state income tax on our taxable income at
regular corporate rates; and
•be
barred from qualifying as a REIT for the four taxable years
following the year when we were disqualified.
Any such corporate tax liability could be substantial and would
reduce the amount of cash available for distributions to our
stockholders, which in turn could have an adverse impact on the
value of our common stock. This adverse impact could last for five
or more years because, unless we are entitled to relief under
certain statutory provisions, we will be taxed as a corporation
beginning the year in which the failure occurs and for the
following four years.
If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may need to borrow
funds or liquidate some investments to pay the additional tax
liability. Were this to occur, funds available for investment would
be reduced, our leverage would be increased and our future income
may be reduced. REIT qualification involves the application of
highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code to our operations, as well as various factual determinations
concerning matters and circumstances not entirely within our
control. There are limited judicial or administrative
interpretations of these provisions. Although we plan to continue
to operate in a manner consistent with the REIT qualification
rules, we cannot assure you that we will qualify in a given year or
remain so qualified.
If we fail to make required distributions, we may be subject to
federal corporate income tax.
Quarterly distributions are determined, and subject to adjustment,
by our board of directors. To continue to qualify and be taxed as a
REIT, we will generally be required to distribute at least 90% of
our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the
dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gain) each year
to our stockholders. Generally, we expect to distribute all, or
substantially all, of our REIT taxable income. If our cash
available for distribution falls short of our estimates, we may be
unable to maintain the proposed quarterly distributions that
approximate our taxable income and we may fail to qualify for
taxation as a REIT. In addition, our cash flows from operations may
be insufficient to fund required distributions as a result
of
differences in timing between the actual receipt of income and the
recognition of income for federal income tax purposes or the effect
of nondeductible expenditures (e.g., capital expenditures, the
creation of reserves, or required debt service or amortization
payments). To the extent we satisfy the 90% distribution
requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable
income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on our
undistributed taxable income. We will also be subject to a 4.0%
nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we pay out to
our stockholders for a calendar year is less than a minimum amount
specified under the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, in order to
continue to qualify as a REIT, any C-corporation earnings and
profits to which we succeed must be distributed as of the close of
the taxable year in which we accumulate or acquire such
C-corporation’s earnings and profits.
The REIT rules may limit our ability to pursue otherwise
attractive opportunities.
To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must
continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the
sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets
(including mandatory holding periods prior to disposition), the
amounts we distribute to our stockholders, and the ownership of our
common stock. Compliance with these tests will require us to
refrain from certain activities and may hinder our ability to make
certain attractive investments or dispositions, including the
purchase of non-qualifying assets, the expansion of non-real estate
activities, and investments in the businesses to be conducted by
our TRSs, thereby limiting our opportunities and the flexibility to
change our business strategy. Furthermore, acquisition
opportunities in domestic and international markets may be
adversely affected if we need or require target companies to comply
with certain REIT requirements prior to closing on
acquisitions.
To meet our annual distribution requirements, we may be required to
distribute amounts that may otherwise be used for our operations,
including amounts that may be invested in future acquisitions,
capital expenditures, or debt repayment; and it is possible that we
might be required to borrow funds, sell assets, or raise equity to
fund these distributions, even if the then-prevailing market
conditions are not favorable for such transactions.
The REIT rules limit our hedging activities.
The REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code limit our ability
to hedge assets and liabilities that are not incurred to acquire or
carry real estate. Generally, income from hedging transactions that
have been properly identified for tax purposes (which we enter into
to manage interest rate risk with respect to borrowings to acquire
or carry real estate assets) do not constitute “gross income” for
purposes of the REIT gross income tests (such a hedging transaction
is referred to as a “qualifying hedge”). In addition, if we enter
into a qualifying hedge, but dispose of the underlying property (or
a portion thereof) or the underlying debt (or a portion thereof) is
extinguished, we can enter into a hedge of the original qualifying
hedge, and income from the subsequent hedge will also not
constitute “gross income” for purposes of the REIT gross income
tests. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging
transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be
treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross
income tests. As a result of these rules, we may need to limit our
use of advantageous hedging techniques or implement those hedges
through a TRS. This could increase the cost of our hedging
activities because our TRSs could be subject to tax on income or
gains resulting from such hedges or expose us to greater interest
rate risks than we would otherwise want to bear. In addition,
losses in any of our TRSs generally will not provide any tax
benefit, except for being carried forward for use against future
taxable income in the TRSs.
Our ability to fund distribution payments using cash generated
through our TRSs may be limited.
Our ability to receive distributions from our TRSs is limited by
the rules we must comply with in order to maintain our REIT
status. In particular, at least 75% of our gross income for each
taxable year as a REIT must be derived from real estate-related
sources, which principally includes gross income from the leasing
of our properties. Consequently, no more than 25% of our gross
income may consist of dividend income from our TRSs and other
non-qualifying income types. Thus, our ability to receive
distributions from our TRSs is limited and may impact our ability
to fund distributions to our stockholders using cash flows from our
TRSs. Specifically, if our TRSs become highly profitable, we might
be limited in our ability to receive net income from our TRSs in an
amount required to fund distributions to our stockholders
commensurate with that profitability.
Limitations imposed by the REIT rules on our use of TRSs may
adversely affect us.
Overall, no more than 20% of the value of a REIT’s gross assets may
consist of interests in TRSs; compliance with this limitation could
limit our ability to grow our portfolio. The Internal Revenue Code
limits the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to
its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate
level of corporate taxation. The Internal Revenue Code also imposes
a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its
parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. We
monitor the value of investments in our TRSs in order to ensure
compliance with TRS
ownership limitations and will structure our transactions with our
TRSs on terms that we believe are arm’s-length to avoid incurring
the 100% excise tax described above. There can be no assurance,
however, that we will be able to comply with the TRS ownership
limitation or be able to avoid application of the 100% excise
tax.
Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates
on dividend income from C corporations, which could cause investors
to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less
attractive.
The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for certain qualified
dividends payable by C corporations to U.S. stockholders that are
individuals, trusts and estates is 20%. Dividends payable by REITs,
however, are generally not eligible for the reduced qualified
dividend rate. However, for taxable years beginning after December
31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, under the Tax Cuts and Jobs
Act, noncorporate taxpayers may deduct up to 20% of certain
qualified business income, including “qualified REIT dividends”
(generally, dividends received by a REIT shareholder that are not
designated as capital gain dividends or qualified dividend income),
subject to certain limitations. Although the reduced U.S. federal
income tax rate applicable to qualified dividends from C
corporations does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or
dividends paid by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to
regular corporate dividends, together with the current corporate
tax rate, could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and
estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less
attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations
that pay dividends.
Even if we continue to qualify as a REIT, certain of our business
activities will be subject to corporate level income
tax.
Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to
certain (i) federal, state and local taxes on our income and
assets, (ii) taxes on any undistributed income and state or local
income, and (iii) franchise, property, and transfer taxes.
Moreover, net income from the sale of properties that are “dealer”
properties sold by a REIT (a “prohibited transaction” under the
Internal Revenue Code) will be subject to a 100% tax. In addition,
we could be required to pay an excise or penalty tax under certain
circumstances in order to utilize one or more relief provisions
under the Internal Revenue Code to maintain qualification for
taxation as a REIT, which could be significant in
amount.
For taxable years beginning in 2018, partnership audits are
conducted and collected at the partnership level. Unless the
partnership makes a specific election or takes certain steps to
require the partners to pay their tax on their allocable shares of
the adjustment, it is possible that partnerships in which we
directly or indirectly invest, including the Operating Partnership,
would be required to pay additional taxes, interest and penalties
as a result of an audit adjustment, which could adversely impact
our interest in the partnership even if the taxes are attributable
to another partner.
Any TRS assets and operations would continue to be subject, as
applicable, to federal and state corporate income taxes and to
foreign taxes in the jurisdictions in which those assets and
operations are located. Any of these taxes would decrease our
earnings and our cash available for distributions to
stockholders.
We will also be subject to a federal corporate level tax at the
highest regular corporate rate on all or a portion of the gain
recognized from a sale of assets formerly held by any C corporation
that we acquire on a carry-over basis transaction occurring within
a five-year period after we acquire such assets, to the extent the
built-in gain based on the fair market value of those assets on the
date of acquisition is in excess of our then tax basis. Gains from
the sale of an asset occurring after the specified period will not
be subject to this corporate level tax. We expect to have only a de
minimis amount of assets subject to these corporate tax
rules and do not expect to dispose of any significant assets
subject to these corporate tax rules.
In addition, although the Merger was intended to be treated as a
tax-free reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes, if
the Merger is determined not to have qualified for such tax-free
treatment, or if CWI 1 is determined to have failed to qualify as a
REIT for any period prior to the Merger, we could inherit certain
tax liabilities of CWI 1 as its successor in the
Merger.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 2. Properties.
Our Hotels
The following table sets forth certain information for each of our
Consolidated Hotels and our Unconsolidated Hotel at
December 31, 2021:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hotels |
|
State |
|
Number
of Rooms |
|
% Owned |
|
Hotel Type |
Consolidated Hotels |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charlotte Marriott City Center |
|
NC |
|
446 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Courtyard Times Square West |
|
NY |
|
224 |
|
100% |
|
Select-service |
Embassy Suites by Hilton Denver-Downtown/Convention
Center |
|
CO |
|
403 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Equinox Golf Resort & Spa |
|
VT |
|
199 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Fairmont Sonoma Mission Inn & Spa |
|
CA |
|
226 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Hawks Cay Resort
(a)
|
|
FL |
|
397 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Holiday Inn Manhattan 6th Avenue Chelsea |
|
NY |
|
226 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Hyatt Centric French Quarter New Orleans
(b)
|
|
LA |
|
254 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Le Méridien Arlington |
|
VA |
|
154 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Le Méridien Dallas, The Stoneleigh |
|
TX |
|
176 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Marriott Kansas City Country Club Plaza |
|
MO |
|
295 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Marriott Raleigh City Center |
|
NC |
|
401 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Marriott Sawgrass Golf Resort & Spa |
|
FL |
|
514 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Renaissance Atlanta Midtown Hotel |
|
GA |
|
304 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Renaissance Chicago Downtown |
|
IL |
|
560 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Ritz-Carlton Bacara, Santa Barbara |
|
CA |
|
358 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Ritz-Carlton Fort Lauderdale
(c)
|
|
FL |
|
198 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Ritz-Carlton Key Biscayne
(d)
|
|
FL |
|
443 |
|
66.7% |
|
Resort |
Ritz-Carlton San Francisco |
|
CA |
|
336 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Sanderling Resort |
|
NC |
|
128 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
San Diego Marriott La Jolla |
|
CA |
|
376 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
San Jose Marriott |
|
CA |
|
510 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Seattle Marriott Bellevue |
|
WA |
|
384 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Westin Pasadena |
|
CA |
|
350 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
|
|
|
|
7,862 |
|
|
|
|
Unconsolidated Hotel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia |
|
PA |
|
301 |
|
60% |
|
Full-service |
|
|
|
|
8,163 |
|
|
|
|
_________
(a)Includes
220 privately owned villas that participate in the villa/condo
rental program as of December 31, 2021.
(b)On
April 6, 2021, we acquired the remaining 20% interest in the Hyatt
Centric French Quarter Venture from an unaffiliated third party,
bringing our ownership interest to 100% (Note
4).
(c)Includes
32 condo-hotel units that participate in the villa/condo rental
program as of December 31, 2021. Also, on November 9, 2021, we
acquired the remaining 30% interest in the Ritz-Carlton Fort
Lauderdale Venture from an unaffiliated third party, bringing our
ownership interest to 100% (Note
11).
(d)Includes
141 condo-hotel units that participate in the resort rental program
at December 31, 2021.
Our Hotel Management and Franchise Agreements
Hotel Management Agreements
All of our hotels are managed by independent hotel operators
pursuant to management or operating agreements, with many also
subject to separate license agreements addressing matters
pertaining to operation under the designated brand. As of
December 31, 2021, we had management or operating agreements
with nine different management companies. Under these agreements,
the managers generally have sole responsibility and exclusive
authority for all activities necessary for the day-to-day operation
of the hotels, including establishing room rates; securing and
processing reservations; procuring inventories,
supplies and services; providing periodic inspection and
consultation visits to the hotels by the managers’ technical and
operational experts; and promoting and publicizing the hotels. The
managers provide all managerial and other employees for the hotels;
review the operation and maintenance of the hotels; prepare
reports, budgets and projections; and provide other administrative
and accounting support services to the hotels. These support
services include planning and policy services, divisional financial
services, product planning and development, employee staffing and
training, corporate executive management and certain in-house legal
services. We have certain approval rights over budgets, capital
expenditures, significant leases and contractual commitments, and
various other matters.
The initial terms of our management and operating agreements,
including those that have been assumed at the time of the hotel
acquisition, typically range from five to 40 years, with one or
more renewal terms at the option of the manager. The management
agreements condition the manager’s right to exercise options for
specified renewal terms upon the satisfaction of specified economic
performance criteria, or allow us to terminate at will with 30 to
60 days’ notice. For hotels operated with separate franchise
agreements, the manager typically receives compensation in the form
of a base management fee, which is calculated as a percentage
(generally ranging from 1.5% to 3.5%) of annual gross revenues, and
an incentive management fee, which is typically calculated as a
percentage of operating profit, either (i) in excess of projections
with a cap or (ii) after the owner has received a priority return
on its investment in the hotel.
The management agreements relating to 11 of our hotels contain the
right and license to operate the hotels under specified brands. No
separate franchise agreements exist and no separate franchise fee
is required for these hotels. These management agreements incur a
base management fee ranging from 3.0% to 4.0% of hotel
revenues.
Franchise Agreements
11 of our hotels operate under franchise or license agreements with
national brands that are separate from our management agreements.
As of December 31, 2021, we had eight franchise agreements
with Marriott-owned brands, one with Hilton-owned brands, one with
InterContinental Hotels-owned brands and one with a Hyatt-owned
brand related to our hotels.
Typically, franchise agreements grant us the right to the use of
the brand name, systems and marks with respect to specified hotels
and establish various management, operational, record-keeping,
accounting, reporting and marketing standards and procedures that
the licensed hotel must comply with. In addition, the franchisor
establishes requirements for the quality and condition of the hotel
and its furniture, fixtures and equipment, and we are obligated to
expend such funds as may be required to maintain the hotel in
compliance with those requirements. Typically, our franchise
agreements provide for a license fee, or royalty, of 3.0% to 6.0%
of room revenues and, if applicable, 2.0% to 3.0% of food and
beverage revenue. In addition, we generally pay 1.0% to 4.0% of
room revenues as marketing and reservation system contributions for
the system-wide benefit of brand hotels.
Our typical franchise agreement provides for a term of 15 to 25
years. Three of our hotels are not operated with a hotel brand so
the hotels do not have franchise agreements. The agreements provide
no renewal or extension rights and are not assignable. If we breach
one of these agreements, in addition to losing the right to use the
brand name for the applicable hotel, we may be liable, under
certain circumstances, for liquidated damages equal to the fees
paid to the franchisor with respect to that hotel during the three
immediately preceding years.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
As of December 31, 2021, we were not involved in any material
litigation.
Various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of
business are pending against us. The results of these proceedings
are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our
consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash
flows.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related
Stockholder Matters
and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Unlisted Shares
There is no active public trading market for our shares. At March
21, 2022, there were 51,408 holders of record of our shares of
common stock.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
None.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation
Plans
The following table presents information regarding the
2015 Equity Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2021:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Plan Category |
|
Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding
Options, Warrants and Rights
(a)
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants
and Rights
(b)
|
|
Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under
Equity Compensation Plans |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |
|
1,614,212 |
|
|
— |
|
|
3,488,337 |
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security
holders |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,614,212 |
|
|
— |
|
|
3,488,337 |
|
___________
(a)Reflects
unvested restricted stock units granted under the 2015 Equity
Incentive Plan.
(b)All
restricted stock units are settled in shares of Class A Common
Stock on a one-for-one basis and accordingly do not have a
weighted-average exercise price.
Item 6. Reserved
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and
Results of Operations.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations is intended to provide the reader with
information that will assist in understanding our financial
statements and the reasons for changes in certain key components of
our financial statements from period to period. Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations also provides the reader with our perspective on our
financial position and liquidity, as well as certain other factors
that may affect our future results.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our
consolidated financial statements included in
Item
8
of this Report and the matters described under
Item
1A. Risk Factors.
For discussion of our results of operations for the year ended
December 31, 2020, please refer to Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the
audited consolidated financial statements of WLT and accompanying
notes as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed on March
12, 2021.
Business Overview
We are a self-managed, publicly owned, non-traded REIT that invests
in, manages and seeks to enhance the value of interests in lodging
and lodging-related properties in the United States. We own a
diversified lodging portfolio, including full-service,
select-service and resort hotels. Our 2021 results of operations
were significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, as discussed
further below. Our results of operations are also significantly
impacted by seasonality and by hotel renovations. Generally, during
the renovation period, a portion of total rooms are unavailable and
hotel operations are often disrupted, negatively impacting our
results of operations. As of December 31, 2021, we held
ownership interests in 25 hotels, with a total of 8,163
rooms.
Significant Developments
COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows
throughout 2021 and will continue to do so for the reasonably
foreseeable future. As of March 28, 2022, all of our hotels
are open but several continue to operate at reduced levels of
occupancy and staffing. Although results improved relative to 2020,
we cannot estimate with certainty when travel demand will fully
recover or how new variants of COVID-19 could impact recovery. We
have generally experienced improving demand at our properties as
government-imposed restrictions and limitations on travel and large
gatherings have loosened and as vaccines have become more widely
available. We expect the recovery to continue to occur unevenly
across our portfolio, with hotels that cater to business travel
recovering more slowly than resort properties. Governmental and
business efforts to encourage or mandate vaccinations and public
adoption rates of vaccines have impacted and may continue to impact
the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and have had and may
continue to have disruptive effects on certain segments of the
labor market. Individual ability or desire to travel and corporate
travel policies will continue to be impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic and affect the recovery of our properties. The ultimate
severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects, and
the emergence of variants, are uncertain, including whether
COVID-19 will become endemic or cyclical in nature. Given these
uncertainties, we cannot estimate with reasonable certainty the
impact on our business, financial condition or near- or long-term
financial or operational results.
Of our
$2.0 billion
of Consolidated Hotel aggregate principal balance indebtedness
outstanding as of
December 31, 2021,
approximately
$1.2 billion
is scheduled to mature during the 12 months after the date of this
Report, which included a total of
$121.7 million that has been refinanced subsequent to December
31, 2021 (Note
16).
We have continued to work with our lenders to address loans with
near-term mortgage maturities and during the year ended December
31, 2021, have refinanced or extended the maturity date of
11
Consolidated Hotel mortgage loans, aggregating $1.0 billion of
principal balance indebtedness.
If the Company is unable to repay, refinance or extend maturing
mortgage loans, we may choose to market these assets for sale or
the lenders may declare events of default and seek to foreclose on
the underlying hotels or we may also seek to surrender properties
back to the lender.
Other Events
While as of the date of this Report, we have not experienced
adverse effects from significant recent increases in fuel prices
and the outbreak of hostilities in Ukraine, each of these matters
could adversely affect the travel and lodging industry,
including
demand for our hotels. It is too early to predict how long these
circumstances may exist and their impact on our business in 2022
and thereafter.
Financial and Operating Highlights
(Dollars in thousands, except average daily rate (“ADR”) and
revenue per available room (“RevPAR”))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Hotel revenues |
|
$ |
655,920 |
|
|
$ |
279,101 |
|
Net loss attributable to Common Stockholders |
|
(82,771) |
|
|
(351,870) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash distributions paid |
|
— |
|
|
20,357 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
|
1,257 |
|
|
(154,021) |
|
Net cash provided by investing activities |
|
414,980 |
|
|
171,448 |
|
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |
|
(319,223) |
|
|
108,733 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental Financial Measures:
(a)
|
|
|
|
|
FFO attributable to Common Stockholders |
|
(67,829) |
|
|
(98,761) |
|
MFFO attributable to Common Stockholders |
|
(16,146) |
|
|
(128,865) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Hotel Operating Statistics
(b)
|
|
|
|
|
Occupancy |
|
50.2 |
% |
|
25.9 |
% |
ADR |
|
$ |
261.51 |
|
|
$ |
221.66 |
|
RevPAR |
|
131.29 |
|
|
57.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comparable Consolidated Hotel Operating Statistics
(c)
|
|
|
|
|
Occupancy
(d)
|
|
50.4 |
% |
|
29.1 |
% |
ADR |
|
$ |
274.68 |
|
|
$ |
242.36 |
|
RevPAR |
|
138.45 |
|
|
70.52 |
|
___________
(a)We
consider funds from operations (“FFO”) and MFFO, which are
supplemental measures not defined by GAAP (“non-GAAP measures”), to
be important measures in the evaluation of our results of
operations and capital resources. We evaluate our results of
operations with a primary focus on the ability to generate cash
flow necessary to meet our objective of funding distributions to
stockholders. See
Supplemental
Financial Measures
below for our definitions of these non-GAAP measures and
reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP
measures.
(b)Our
consolidated hotel operating statistics represent statistical data
for our Consolidated Hotels during our ownership
period.
(c)Our
comparable hotel operating statistics represent statistical data
for Consolidated Hotels we owned as of the end of the reporting
period. Statistical data prior to our ownership was included for
hotels that were not owned for the entirety of the comparison
periods. Due to the impact of COVID-19 on hotel operations,
including the temporary suspension of operations at certain hotels,
a comparison between the year ended December 31, 2021 to the same
period in 2020 are not meaningful, therefore we have included the
operating statistics of our Comparable Consolidated Hotel Portfolio
for the year ended December 31, 2019 for comparative purposes.
Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR for our Comparable Consolidated Hotel
Portfolio for the year ended December 31, 2019 were 74.2%, $263.92
and $195.72, respectively.
(d)Occupancy
rates for our Comparable Consolidated Hotel Portfolio for October,
November and December 2021 were 59.9%, 58.6% and 54.6%,
respectively, as compared to occupancy rates for October, November
and December 2020 of 32.1%, 23.8% and 22.4%,
respectively.
Portfolio Overview
The following table sets forth certain information for each of our
Consolidated Hotels and our Unconsolidated Hotel as of
December 31, 2021:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hotel |
|
State |
|
Number of Rooms |
|
% Owned |
|
Hotel Type |
Consolidated Hotels |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charlotte Marriott City Center
|
|
NC |
|
446 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Courtyard Times Square West
|
|
NY |
|
224 |
|
100% |
|
Select-service |
Embassy Suites by Hilton Denver-Downtown/Convention
Center
|
|
CO |
|
403 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Equinox Golf Resort & Spa |
|
VT |
|
199 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Fairmont Sonoma Mission Inn & Spa
|
|
CA |
|
226 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Hawks Cay Resort
(a)
|
|
FL |
|
397 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Holiday Inn Manhattan 6th Avenue Chelsea
|
|
NY |
|
226 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Hyatt Centric French Quarter New Orleans
(b)
|
|
LA |
|
254 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Le Méridien Arlington
|
|
VA |
|
154 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Le Méridien Dallas, The Stoneleigh
|
|
TX |
|
176 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Marriott Kansas City Country Club Plaza
|
|
MO |
|
295 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Marriott Raleigh City Center
|
|
NC |
|
401 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Marriott Sawgrass Golf Resort & Spa
|
|
FL |
|
514 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Renaissance Atlanta Midtown Hotel
|
|
GA |
|
304 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Renaissance Chicago Downtown
|
|
IL |
|
560 |
|
100% |
|
Full-service |
Ritz-Carlton Bacara, Santa Barbara
|
|
CA |
|
358 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Ritz-Carlton Fort Lauderdale
(c)
|
|
FL |
|
198 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
Ritz-Carlton Key Biscayne
(d)
|
|
FL |
|
443 |
|
66.7% |
|
Resort |
Ritz-Carlton San Francisco
|
|
CA |
|
336 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Sanderling Resort
|
|
NC |
|
128 |
|
100% |
|
Resort |
San Diego Marriott La Jolla
|
|
CA |
|
376 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
San Jose Marriott
|
|
CA |
|
510 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Seattle Marriott Bellevue
|
|
WA |
|
384 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
Westin Pasadena
|
|
CA |
|
350 |
|
100% |
|
Full-Service |
|
|
|
|
7,862 |
|
|
|
|
Unconsolidated Hotel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia |
|
PA |
|
301 |
|
60% |
|
Full-service |
|
|
|
|
8,163 |
|
|
|
|
_________
(a)Includes
220 privately owned villas that participate in the villa/condo
rental program as of December 31, 2021.
(b)On
April 6, 2021, we acquired the remaining 20% interest in the Hyatt
Centric French Quarter Venture from an unaffiliated third party,
bringing our ownership interest to 100% (Note
4).
(c)Includes
32 condo-hotel units that participate in the villa/condo rental
program as of December 31, 2021. Also, on November 9, 2021, we
acquired the remaining 30% interest in the Ritz-Carlton Fort
Lauderdale Venture from an unaffiliated third party, bringing our
ownership interest to 100% (Note
11).
(d)Includes
141 condo-hotel units that participate in the resort rental program
at December 31, 2021.
Results of Operations
We evaluate our results of operations with a primary focus on our
ability to generate cash flow necessary to meet our objectives of
funding distributions to stockholders and increasing the value in
our real estate investments. As a result, our assessment of
operating results gives less emphasis to the effect of unrealized
gains and losses, which may cause fluctuations in net income (loss)
for comparable periods but have no impact on cash flows, and to
other non-cash charges, such as depreciation.
In addition, we use other information that may not be financial in
nature, including statistical information, to evaluate the
operating performance of our business, including occupancy rate,
ADR and RevPAR. Occupancy rate, ADR and RevPAR are commonly used
measures within the hotel industry to evaluate operating
performance. RevPAR, which is calculated as the product of ADR and
occupancy rate, is an important statistic for monitoring operating
performance at our hotels. Our occupancy rate, ADR and RevPAR
performance may be impacted by macroeconomic factors such as U.S.
economic
conditions, regional and local employment growth, personal income
and corporate earnings, business relocation decisions, business and
leisure travel, new hotel construction and the pricing strategies
of competitors.
The results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 will
not be comparable to the same period in 2020 as a result of the
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Merger and hotel dispositions.
Beginning in March 2020, we experienced a significant decline in
occupancy and RevPAR. The economic downturn and restrictions on
travel resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly
impacted our business and the overall lodging industry. As
discussed above, certain of our hotel properties temporarily
suspended all operations and our other hotel properties had
operated, and continue to operate, in a limited capacity.
Additionally, as a result of the Merger, the historical financial
information included herein as of any date, or for any periods,
prior to April 13, 2020, represents the pre-merger financial
information of CWI 1 on a stand-alone basis, therefore comparisons
of the period to period financial information of WLT as set forth
herein may not be meaningful.
The following table presents our comparative results of operations
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
Change |
Hotel Revenues |
|
$ |
655,920 |
|
|
$ |
279,101 |
|
|
$ |
376,819 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hotel Operating Expenses
|
|
639,400 |
|
|
434,327 |
|
|
205,073 |
|
Corporate general and administrative expenses
|
|
31,023 |
|
|
23,845 |
|
|
7,178 |
|
Gain on property-related insurance claims |
|
(1,571) |
|
|
(2,520) |
|
|
949 |
|
Transaction costs |
|
1,515 |
|
|
18,448 |
|
|
(16,933) |
|
Impairment charges |
|
— |
|
|
120,220 |
|
|
(120,220) |
|
Asset management fees to affiliate |
|
— |
|
|
3,795 |
|
|
(3,795) |
|
Total Expenses |
|
670,367 |
|
|
598,115 |
|
|
72,252 |
|
Operating Loss before net gain on sale of real estate |
|
(14,447) |
|
|
(319,014) |
|
|
304,567 |
|
Net gain on sale of real estate |
|
108,216 |
|
|
2,738 |
|
|
105,478 |
|
Operating Income (Loss) |
|
93,769 |
|
|
(316,276) |
|
|
410,045 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
(166,163) |
|
|
(125,782) |
|
|
(40,381) |
|
Net loss on extinguishment of debt |
|
(13,581) |
|
|
(22) |
|
|
(13,559) |
|
Net gain on change in control of interests |
|
8,612 |
|
|
22,250 |
|
|
(13,638) |
|
Equity in losses of equity method investment in real estate,
net |
|
(5,575) |
|
|
(35,026) |
|
|
29,451 |
|
Other income (expense) |
|
(501) |
|
|
954 |
|
|
(1,455) |
|
Bargain purchase gain |
|
— |
|
|
78,696 |
|
|
(78,696) |
|
Loss Before Income Taxes |
|
(83,439) |
|
|
(375,206) |
|
|
291,767 |
|
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes |
|
(3,553) |
|
|
7,930 |
|
|
(11,483) |
|
Net Loss |
|
(86,992) |
|
|
(367,276) |
|
|
280,284 |
|
Loss attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
4,221 |
|
|
17,148 |
|
|
(12,927) |
|
Net Loss Attributable to the Company |
|
(82,771) |
|
|
(350,128) |
|
|
267,357 |
|
Preferred dividends
|
|
— |
|
|
(1,742) |
|
|
1,742 |
|
Net Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders |
|
$ |
(82,771) |
|
|
$ |
(351,870) |
|
|
$ |
269,099 |
|
Supplemental financial measure:(a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MFFO Attributable to Common Stockholders |
|
$ |
(16,146) |
|
|
$ |
(128,865) |
|
|
$ |
112,719 |
|
___________
(a)We
consider MFFO, a non-GAAP measure, to be an important metric in the
evaluation of our results of operations and capital resources. We
evaluate our results of operations with a primary focus on the
ability to generate cash flow necessary to meet our objective of
funding distributions to stockholders. See
Supplemental
Financial Measures
below for our definition of non-GAAP measures and reconciliations
to their most directly comparable GAAP measures.
Hotel Revenues
For the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the same
period in 2020, hotel revenues increased by $376.8 million. Of the
24 Consolidated Hotels we held ownership interests in as of
December 31. 2021, operations were suspended for either all or a
portion of the second and third quarters of 2020 at 15 Consolidated
Hotels (with five hotel closures beginning during March 2020) and
were significantly reduced at the remaining nine Consolidated
Hotels. Additionally, as a result of the Merger, the historical
financial information included for the period prior to April 13,
2020, represents the pre-Merger financial information of CWI 1 on a
stand-alone basis, therefore comparisons of the period to period
financial information of WLT as set forth herein may not be
meaningful.
Hotel Operating Expenses
Room expense, food and beverage expense and other operating
department costs (including but not limited to expenses related to
departments such as parking, spa and gift shops) fluctuate based on
various factors, including occupancy, labor costs, utilities and
insurance costs.
For the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the same
period in 2020, aggregate hotel operating expenses increased by
$205.1 million. As discussed above, our results for the year ended
December 31, 2020 were significantly impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic. Additionally, as a result of the Merger, the historical
financial information included for the period prior to April 13,
2020, represents the pre-Merger financial information of CWI 1 on a
stand-alone basis, therefore comparisons of the period to period
financial information of WLT as set forth herein may not be
meaningful.
Corporate General and Administrative Expenses
For the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the same
period in 2020, corporate general and administrative expenses
increased by $7.2 million,
primarily as a result of the impact of the Merger, with periods
post-Merger reflecting the impact of the Company being self-managed
and including the compensation of our employees for the periods
following the internalization, as well as an increase in
professional fees. Professional fees include legal, accounting,
investor relations and other consulting expenses incurred in the
normal course of business.
Transaction Costs
For the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the same
period in 2020, transactions costs decreased by $16.9 million.
Transaction costs for the year ended December 31, 2020 represented
legal, accounting, investor relations and other transaction costs
related to the Merger and related transactions.
Impairment Charges
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized impairment
charges totaling $120.2 million on six Consolidated Hotels in order
to reduce the carrying value of the properties to their estimated
fair values, resulting from the adverse effect of the COVID-19
pandemic on our hotel operations. No impairments were recognized
during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Our impairment charges are more fully described in
Note
4.
Asset Management Fees to Affiliate
For the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the same
period in 2020, asset management fees to affiliates decreased by
$3.8 million. Upon completion of the Merger on April 13, 2020
(Note
3),
the Advisory Agreement was terminated and these fees ceased being
incurred.
Net Gain on Sale of Real Estate
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized a net
gain on sale on real estate of $108.2 million, comprised of (i) a
gain of $18.1 million from the sale of the Sheraton Austin
Hotel at the Capitol to an unaffiliated third-party by the Sheraton
Austin Hotel at the Capitol Venture (we owned an 80% controlling
interest in the venture); (ii) a gain of $5.2 million from the
sale of our 100% ownership interest in the Courtyard Pittsburgh
Shadyside to an unaffiliated third-party; (iii) a gain of
$18.5 million from the sale of our 100% ownership interest in
the Westin Minneapolis to an unaffiliated third-party; and (iv) a
gain of $66.4 million from the sale of our 100% ownership
interest in the Hilton Garden Inn/Homewood Suites Atlanta Midtown,
Hyatt Place Austin Downtown and Courtyard Nashville Downtown to an
unaffiliated third-party.
During the year ended December 31, 2020,
we recognized a net gain on sale on real estate of $2.7 million,
comprised of (i) a gain of $3.2 million from the sale of the Lake
Arrowhead Resort and Spa to an unaffiliated third party by
the
Lake Arrowhead Resort and Spa Venture (of which we owned a 97.35%
controlling ownership interest), partially offset by
(ii) a loss on sale on real estate of $0.5 million from the sale of
our 100% ownership interest in the Hutton Hotel Nashville to an
unaffiliated third party.
Interest Expense
During the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to the
same period in 2020, interest expense increased by $40.4 million,
primarily due to an increase in the dividends recorded in
connection with our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred
Stock totaling $17.6 million, an increase of $9.3 million
as a result of the aggregate amortization of the debt discount
related to the mortgage loans assumed in the Merger and the fair
value discount related to the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B
Preferred Stock and an increase of $11.6 million resulting
from the assumption of the mortgage loans of the hotels acquired in
the Merger.
Net Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
During the year ended December 31, 2021 we recognized a loss on
extinguishment of debt of $13.6 million, comprised primarily
of a $6.3 million aggregate loss in connection with the
disposition of the Hilton Garden Inn/Homewood Suites Atlanta
Midtown, Hyatt Place Austin Downtown and Courtyard Nashville
Downtown, a $4.8 million loss resulting from the refinancing
of the Seattle Marriott Bellevue non-recourse mortgage loan and a
$1.1 million loss in connection with the disposition of the
Courtyard Pittsburgh Shadyside.
Net Gain on Change in Control of Interests
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized a gain on
change in control of interests of
$8.6 million
in connection with our acquisition of the remaining 20% interest in
the Hyatt Centric French Quarter Venture from an unaffiliated third
party on April 6, 2021 (Note
4).
We previously accounted for our jointly-owned interest in this
venture under the equity method of accounting. Due to the change in
control of this jointly owned investment, we recorded a net gain on
change in control of interest reflecting the difference between our
carrying value and the preliminary estimated fair value of our
previously held equity investment on April 6, 2021. Subsequent to
the acquisition, we own 100% of this hotel and consolidate our real
estate interest in the hotel.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized a net gain
on change in control of interests of $22.3 million in
connection with our acquisition of the remaining 50% interests in
the Marriott Sawgrass Golf Resort and Spa and the Ritz-Carlton
Bacara, Santa Barbara in the Merger (Note
3).
We previously accounted for our jointly-owned interest in these
ventures under the equity method of accounting. Due to the change
in control of this jointly owned investment, we recorded a net gain
on change in control of interest reflecting the difference between
our carrying values and the preliminary estimated fair values of
our previously held equity investments on April 13, 2020, the date
of the Merger. Subsequent to the Merger, we own 100% of these
hotels and consolidate our real estate interests in the
hotels.
Equity in Losses of Equity Method Investments in Real Estate,
Net
Equity in losses of equity method investments in real estate, net
represents losses from our equity investments in Unconsolidated
Hotels recognized in accordance with each investment agreement and
is based upon the allocation of the investment’s net assets at book
value as if the investment were hypothetically liquidated at the
end of each reporting period (Note
5).
We are required to periodically compare an investment’s carrying
value to its estimated fair value and recognize an impairment
charge to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated
fair value and is determined to be other than temporary. We
recognized $17.8 million of other-than-temporary impairment
charges on our equity method investments in real estate during the
year ended December 31, 2020. No such charges were recognized
during the year ended December 31, 2021.
The following table sets forth our share of equity in losses from
our Unconsolidated Hotels, which are based on the hypothetical
liquidation at book value (“HLBV”) method, as well as certain
amortization adjustments related to basis differentials from
acquisitions of investments (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
Unconsolidated Hotels |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia Venture
(a)
|
|
$ |
(4,718) |
|
|
$ |
(13,038) |
|
Hyatt Centric French Quarter Venture
(b)
|
|
(857) |
|
|
(962) |
|
Ritz-Carlton Bacara, Santa Barbara Venture
(c) (d)
|
|
— |
|
|
(20,968) |
|
Marriott Sawgrass Golf Resort & Spa Venture
(c)
|
|
— |
|
|
(58) |
|
Total equity in losses of equity method investments in real estate,
net |
|
$ |
(5,575) |
|
|
$ |
(35,026) |
|
___________
(a)The
decrease in our share of equity in losses for the year ended
December 31, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2020 is
primarily the result of an improvement in the performance of the
hotel during 2021 as compared to 2020.
(b)On
April 6, 2021, we acquired the remaining 20% interest in the Hyatt
Centric French Quarter Venture from an unaffiliated third party,
bringing our ownership interest to 100% (Note
4),
therefore the amount for the year ended December 31, 2021
represents the equity in losses for the period prior to the
acquisition.
(c)Upon
closing of the Merger on April 13, 2020, the Company owns 100% of
this hotel and consolidates its real estate interest in this hotel
therefore the amount for the year ended December 31, 2020
represents the equity in losses for the period prior to the
Merger.
(d)Includes
an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $17.8 million
recognized on this investment during the year ended December 31,
2020 to reduce the carrying value of our equity investment in the
venture to its estimated fair value.
Bargain Purchase Gain
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized a bargain
purchase gain of $78.7 million in connection with the Merger
resulting from the estimated fair values of the assets acquired net
of liabilities assumed exceeding the consideration paid. See
Note
3
for additional disclosure regarding the Merger.
(Provision for) Benefit from Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized a
provision for income taxes of $3.6 million compared to a
benefit from income taxes of $7.9 million for the same period in
2020. Provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31,
2021 included $2.8 million related to income taxes resulting from
the sale of the Courtyard Nashville Downtown during the fourth
quarter of 2021. Benefit from income taxes during the year ended
December 31, 2020 included an $8.3 million current tax benefit,
resulting from carrying back certain net operating losses allowable
under the CARES Act.
Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
The following table sets forth our loss (income) attributable to
noncontrolling interests (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
Venture |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Sheraton Austin Hotel at the Capitol Venture
(a)
|
|
$ |
(2,871) |
|
|
$ |
1,452 |
|
Ritz-Carlton Fort Lauderdale Venture
(b)
|
|
145 |
|
|
3,144 |
|
Ritz-Carlton Key Biscayne Venture |
|
(72) |
|
|
(978) |
|
Operating Partnership — Noncontrolling interest
(c)
|
|
7,019 |
|
|
13,530 |
|
Total loss attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
$ |
4,221 |
|
|
$ |
17,148 |
|
___________
(a)On
May 5, 2021, the Sheraton Austin Hotel at the Capitol Venture sold
the Sheraton Austin Hotel at the Capitol to an unaffiliated
third-party. The venture received net proceeds of approximately
$36.4 million from the sale after the repayment of the related
mortgage loan. We owned an 80% controlling interest in the
venture.
(b)The
results for the year ended December 31, 2021 reflect an improvement
in the performance of the hotel during 2021 as compared to
comparable periods in 2020. Additionally,
on November 9, 2021, we acquired the remaining 30% interest in the
Ritz-Carlton Fort Lauderdale Venture from an unaffiliated third
party, bringing our ownership interest to 100%.
(c)Reflects
the OP Units proportionate share of net loss for the years ended
December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Modified Funds from Operations
MFFO is a non-GAAP measure we use to evaluate our business. For a
definition of MFFO and a reconciliation to net income attributable
to WLT stockholders, see
Supplemental
Financial Measures
below.
For the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to 2020,
MFFO increased by $112.7 million. MFFO for the year ended
December 31, 2020 reflects the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on
our hotel operations, beginning in March 2020. Additionally, as a
result of the Merger, the historical financial information included
for the period prior to April 13, 2020, represents the pre-Merger
financial information of CWI 1 on a stand-alone basis, therefore
comparisons of the period to period financial information of WLT as
set forth herein may not be meaningful.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary cash uses over the next 12 months are expected to be
payment of debt service, costs associated with the refinancing or
restructuring of indebtedness, funding
corporate and hotel level operations, payment of real estate taxes
and insurance, payment of preferred stock dividends and redemption
of the Series A Preferred Stock, as defined in
Note
14.
Our primary capital sources to meet such uses are expected to be
funds generated by hotel operations, cash on hand and proceeds from
additional asset sales.
As of March 28, 2022, all of our hotels are open but several
continue to operate at reduced levels of occupancy and staffing.
Significant events affecting travel, including the COVID-19
pandemic, typically have an impact on booking patterns, with the
full extent of the impact generally determined by the duration of
the event and its impact on travel decisions. We believe
the
ongoing effects
of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations have had, and will
continue to have, a material adverse impact on our financial
results and liquidity, and such adverse impact may continue well
beyond the containment of such outbreak.
As of
December 31, 2021,
we had cash and cash equivalents of $249.5 million. As
of
December 31, 2021,
the mortgage loans for our Consolidated Hotels had an aggregate
principal balance totaling $2.0 billion outstanding, all of
which is mortgage indebtedness and is generally non-recourse,
subject to customary non-recourse carve-outs, except that we have
provided certain lenders with limited corporate guaranties
aggregating
$17.0 million
for items such as property taxes, deferred debt service and amounts
drawn from furniture, fixtures and equipment reserves to pay
expenses, in connection with loan modification agreements. We have
continued to work with our lenders to address loans with near-term
mortgage maturities and during the year ended December 31, 2021,
have refinanced or extended the maturity date of 11
Consolidated Hotel mortgage loans, aggregating $1.0 billion of
indebtedness.
Of the $2.0 billion aggregate principal balance indebtedness
outstanding as of
December 31, 2021,
approximately $1.2 billion is scheduled to mature during the
12 months after the date of this Report, which included a total
of
$121.7 million that has been refinanced subsequent to December
31, 2021.
If the Company is unable to repay, refinance or extend maturing
mortgage loans, we may choose to market these assets for sale or
the lenders may declare events of default and seek to foreclose on
the underlying hotels or we may also seek to surrender properties
back to the lender.
Sources and Uses of Cash During the Year
2021
Operating Activities
—
For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash provided by
operating activities was $1.3 million as compared to net cash used
in operating activities of $154.0 million for the year ended
December 31, 2020. Net cash used in operating activities during
2020 reflects the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our hotel
operations, beginning in March 2020.
Investing Activities
— During 2021, net cash provided by investing activities was $415.0
million, primarily as a result of $438.4 million in aggregate
proceeds from the disposition of hotels during 2021, partially
offset by funding of $28.7 million for capital expenditures at
our Consolidated Hotels.
Financing Activities
— During 2021, net cash used in financing activities was $319.2
million, primarily as a result of payments and prepayments of
mortgage financing totaling $469.1 million, our acquisition of the
30% membership interest in the Ritz-Carlton Fort Lauderdale Venture
for $23.9 million, $7.1 million of distributions to noncontrolling
interests, $6.8 million of debt extinguishment costs and $6.4
million of deferred financing costs, partially offset by $195.4
million of proceeds from mortgage financing.
2020
Operating Activities
—
For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash used in operating
activities was $154.0 million as compared to net cash provided by
operating activities of $78.2 million for the year ended December
31, 2019. This change in operating cash flows primarily reflects
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our hotel operations,
beginning in March 2020.
Investing Activities
— During 2020, net cash provided by investing activities was $171.4
million, primarily as a result of $109.5 million of cash acquired
in the Merger and proceeds of $89.4 million from the sales of the
Hutton Hotel Nashville and Lake Arrowhead Resort and Spa, partially
offset by funding of $24.0 million for capital
expenditures at our Consolidated Hotels and capital contributions
to equity investments in real estate totaling $6.6
million.
Financing Activities
— During 2020, net cash provided by financing activities was $108.7
million, primarily as a result of the proceeds from the issuance of
our Series B Preferred Stock of $200.0 million and proceeds from
mortgage financing of $81.3 million, partially offset by payments
of mortgage financing totaling $142.4 million, due largely to our
2020 disposition and refinancing activity, cash distributions paid
to stockholders of $20.4 million and deferred financing costs paid
of $15.2 million.
Distributions and Redemptions
On March 18, 2020, in light of the impact that the COVID-19
pandemic has had on our business, we announced that we were
suspending future distributions on our common stock. We also
announced that redemptions would be suspended including, as of
December 2, 2020, special circumstances redemptions. Requests for
special circumstances redemptions may continue to be submitted,
however, the Company will not take any action with regard to those
requests until the Board of Directors has elected to lift the
suspension and provided the terms and conditions for any
continuation of the program. Distributions and redemptions in
respect of future periods will be evaluated by the Board of
Directors based on circumstances and expectations existing at the
time of consideration, and are also subject to the terms of the
Series A and Series B Preferred Stock.
Among other terms of the Series A and Series B Preferred Stock, the
Series A and Series B Preferred Stock generally prohibits the
Company from paying distributions on common stock or redeeming
common stock unless all accrued dividends on the Series A and
Series B Preferred Stock are paid in cash for all past dividend
periods and the dividend for the current dividend period is also
paid in cash. There are certain exceptions for the payment of
dividends on common stock required for the Company to maintain its
REIT qualification, special circumstances redemptions of common
stock and redemptions of common stock that are funded with proceeds
from issuances of common stock under the Company's distribution
reinvestment plan.
Summary of Financing
The table below summarizes our non-recourse debt, net (dollars in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Carrying Value |
|
|
|
Fixed rate
(a)
|
$ |
951,318 |
|
|
$ |
1,286,839 |
|
Variable rate
(a):
|
|
|
|
Amount subject to interest rate caps |
507,919 |
|
|
362,193 |
|
Amount subject to floating interest rate |
317,497 |
|
|
345,712 |
|
Amount subject to interest rate swaps |
182,007 |
|
|
175,158 |
|
|
1,007,423 |
|
|
883,063 |
|
|
$ |
1,958,741 |
|
|
$ |
2,169,902 |
|
Percent of Total Debt |
|
|
|
Fixed rate |
49 |
% |
|
59 |
% |
Variable rate |
51 |
% |
|
41 |
% |
|
100 |
% |
|
100 |
% |
Weighted-Average Interest Rate at End of Year |
|
|
|
Fixed rate |
4.3 |
% |
|
4.3 |
% |
Variable rate
(b)
|
4.0 |
% |
|
4.1 |
% |
_________
(a)Aggregate
fixed and variable debt balance includes unamortized debt discount
of $13.4 million and $46.5 million, respectively, and deferred
financing costs totaling $7.6 million and $6.9 million,
respectively, as of December 31, 2021 and 2020,
respectively.
(b)The
impact of our derivative instruments are reflected in the
weighted-average interest rates.
Covenants
Pursuant to our mortgage loan agreements, our consolidated
subsidiaries are subject to various operational and financial
covenants, including minimum debt service coverage and debt yield
ratios. Most of our mortgage loan agreements contain “lock-box”
provisions, which permit the lender to access or sweep a hotel’s
excess cash flow and could be triggered by the lender under limited
circumstances, including the failure to maintain minimum debt
service coverage ratios. If a lender requires that we enter into a
cash management agreement, we would generally be permitted to spend
an amount equal to our budgeted hotel operating expenses, taxes,
insurance and capital expenditure reserves for the relevant hotel.
The lender would then hold all excess cash flow after the payment
of debt service in an escrow account until certain performance
hurdles are met. As of December 31, 2021, we have effectively
entered into cash management agreements with the lenders on 18 of
our 24 mortgage loans either because the minimum debt service
coverage ratio was not met or as a result of a loan modification
agreement. The cash management agreements generally permit cash
generated from the operations of each hotel to fund the hotel’s
operating expenses, debt service, taxes and insurance but restrict
distributions of excess cash flow, if any, to the Company to fund
corporate expenses.
Courtyard Times Square West
The $58.6 million outstanding mortgage loan on Courtyard Times
Square West matured on June 1, 2021 and we have not paid off the
outstanding principal balance. The loan does not have any
cross-default provisions with our other mortgage obligations. We
are currently in the process of exploring various options as it
relates to this asset, including but not limited to, surrendering
the property back to the lender.
Cash Resources
As of December 31, 2021, our cash resources consisted of cash
totaling $249.5 million, of which $44.6 million was designated as
hotel operating cash and was held at our hotel operating
properties.
Cash Requirements
Our primary cash uses through December 31, 2021 are expected to be
payments of debt service, real estate taxes and insurance, payment
of preferred stock dividends, costs associated with the refinancing
or restructuring of indebtedness and funding corporate and hotel
level operations. Our primary capital sources to meet such uses are
expected to be cash on hand, funds generated by hotel operations
and proceeds from additional asset sales. We may satisfy certain
debt maturities during this period by turning the properties back
to the lenders.
Capital Expenditures and Reserve Funds
With respect to our hotels that are operated under management or
franchise agreements with major international hotel brands and for
most of our hotels subject to mortgage loans, we are obligated to
maintain furniture, fixtures and equipment reserve accounts for
future capital expenditures sufficient to cover the cost of routine
improvements and alterations at these hotels. The amount funded
into each of these reserve accounts is generally determined
pursuant to the management agreements, franchise agreements and/or
mortgage loan documents for each of the respective hotels and
typically ranges between 3.0% and 5.0% of the respective hotel’s
total gross revenue. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, $58.7
million and $51.0 million, respectively, was held in
furniture, fixtures and equipment reserve accounts for future
capital expenditures. In addition, due to the effects of the
COVID-19 pandemic on our operations, we have been working with the
brands, management companies and lenders and have used a portion of
the available restricted cash reserves to cover operating costs at
our properties, of which $1.3 million is subject to replenishment
as of December 31, 2021.
Equity Method Investments
As of December 31, 2021, we owned an equity interest in one
Unconsolidated Hotel. Our ownership interest and summarized
financial information for this investment as of December 31,
2021 is presented below. Summarized financial information provided
represents the total amounts attributable to this investment and
does not represent our proportionate share (dollars in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ownership Interest at |
|
|
|
Total Third- |
|
Third-Party Debt |
Venture |
|
December 31, 2021 |
|
Total Assets |
|
Party Debt |
|
Maturity Date |
Ritz-Carlton Philadelphia Venture |
|
60% |
|
$ |
82,760 |
|
|
$ |
63,916 |
|
|
02/2023 |
Environmental Obligations
Our hotels are subject to various federal, state and local
environmental laws. Under these laws, governmental entities have
the authority to require the current owner of the property to
perform or pay for the cleanup of contamination (including
hazardous substances, waste or petroleum products) at, on, under or
emanating from the property and to pay for natural resource damages
arising from such contamination. Such laws often impose liability
without regard to whether the owner or operator or other
responsible party knew of, or caused such contamination, and the
liability may be joint and several. Because these laws also impose
liability on persons who owned the property at the time it became
contaminated, it is possible we could incur cleanup costs or other
environmental liabilities even after we sell properties.
Contamination at, on, under or emanating from our properties also
may expose us to liability to private parties for costs of
remediation and/or personal injury or property damage. In addition,
environmental laws may create liens on contaminated sites in favor
of the government for damages and costs it incurs to address such
contamination. If contamination is discovered on our properties,
environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in
which the property may be used or businesses may be operated, and
these restrictions may require substantial expenditures. Moreover,
environmental contamination can affect the value of a property and,
therefore, an owner’s ability to borrow funds using the property as
collateral or to sell the property on favorable terms or at all. We
are not aware of
any past or present environmental liability for non-compliance with
environmental laws that we believe would have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity or results
of operations.
In connection with the purchase of hotels, we have
independent environmental consultants conduct a Phase I
environmental site assessment prior to purchase. Phase I site
assessments are intended to discover and evaluate information
regarding the environmental condition of the surveyed property and
surrounding properties. None of the existing Phase I site
assessments on our hotels revealed any past or present
environmental condition that we believe would have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity or
results of operations.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies are described in
Note 2.
Many of these accounting policies require judgment and the use of
estimates and assumptions when applying these policies in the
preparation of our consolidated financial statements. On a
quarterly basis, we evaluate these estimates and judgments based on
historical experience as well as other factors that we believe to
be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates are subject
to change in the future if underlying assumptions or factors
change. Certain accounting policies, while significant, may not
require the use of estimates. Those accounting policies that
require significant estimation and/or judgment are described under
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates in
Note
2.
Supplemental Financial Measures
In the real estate industry, analysts and investors employ certain
non-GAAP supplemental financial measures in order to facilitate
meaningful comparisons between periods and among peer companies.
Additionally, in the formulation of our goals and in the evaluation
of the effectiveness of our strategies, we use FFO and MFFO, which
are non-GAAP measures defined by our management. We believe that
these measures are useful to investors to consider because they may
assist them to better understand and measure the performance of our
business over time and against similar companies. A description of
FFO and MFFO, and reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the
most directly comparable GAAP measures, are provided
below.
FFO and MFFO
Due to certain unique operating characteristics of real estate
companies, as discussed below, the National Association of Real
Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”), an industry trade group, has
promulgated a non-GAAP measure known as FFO, which we believe to be
an appropriate supplemental measure, when used in addition to and
in conjunction with results presented in accordance with GAAP, to
reflect the operating performance of a REIT. The use of FFO is
recommended by the REIT industry as a supplemental non-GAAP
measure. FFO is not equivalent to nor a substitute for net income
or loss as determined under GAAP.
We define FFO, a non-GAAP measure, consistent with the standards
established by the White Paper on FFO approved by the Board of
Governors of NAREIT, as restated in December 2018. The White Paper
defines FFO as net income or loss computed in accordance with GAAP,
excluding gains or losses from sales of property, impairment
charges on real estate, and depreciation and amortization from real
estate assets; and after adjustments for unconsolidated
partnerships and jointly owned investments. Adjustments for
unconsolidated partnerships and jointly owned investments are
calculated to reflect FFO. Our FFO calculation complies with
NAREIT’s policy described above. However, NAREIT’s
definition of FFO does not distinguish between the conventional
method of equity accounting and the HLBV method of accounting for
unconsolidated partnerships and jointly-owned
investments.
The historical accounting convention used for real estate assets
requires straight-line depreciation of buildings and improvements,
which implies that the value of real estate assets diminishes
predictably over time, especially if such assets are not adequately
maintained or repaired and renovated as required by relevant
circumstances in order to maintain the value disclosed. We believe
that, since real estate values historically rise and fall with
market conditions, including inflation, interest rates, the
business cycle, unemployment and consumer spending, presentations
of operating results for a REIT using historical accounting for
depreciation may be less informative. Historical accounting for
real estate involves the use of GAAP. Any other method of
accounting for real estate such as the fair value method cannot be
construed to be any more accurate or relevant than the comparable
methodologies of real estate valuation found in GAAP. Nevertheless,
we believe that the use of FFO, which excludes the impact of real
estate-related depreciation and amortization, as well as impairment
charges of real estate-related assets, provides a more complete
understanding of our performance to investors and to management;
and when compared year over year, reflects the impact on our
operations from trends in occupancy rates, operating costs, general
and administrative expenses, and interest costs, which may not be
immediately apparent from net income or loss. In particular, we
believe it is
appropriate to disregard impairment charges, as this is a fair
value adjustment that is largely based on market fluctuations and
assessments regarding general market conditions, which can change
over time. An asset will only be evaluated for impairment if
certain impairment indicators exist. For real estate assets held
for investment and related intangible assets in which an impairment
indicator is identified, we follow a two-step process to determine
whether an asset is impaired and to determine the amount of the
charge. First, we compare the carrying value of the property’s
asset group to the estimated future net undiscounted cash flow that
we expect the property’s asset group will generate, including any
estimated proceeds from the eventual sale of the property’s asset
group. It should be noted, however, that the property’s asset
group’s estimated fair value is primarily determined using market
information from outside sources such as broker quotes or recent
comparable sales. In cases where the available market information
is not deemed appropriate, we perform a future net cash flow
analysis discounted for inherent risk associated with each asset to
determine an estimated fair value. While impairment charges are
excluded from the calculation of FFO described above, due to the
fact that impairments are based on estimated future undiscounted
cash flows, it could be difficult to recover any impairment
charges. However, FFO and MFFO, as described below, should not be
construed to be more relevant or accurate than the current GAAP
methodology in calculating net income or loss or in its
applicability in evaluating the operating performance of the
company. The method utilized to evaluate the value and performance
of real estate under GAAP should be construed as a more relevant
measure of operational performance and considered more prominently
than the non-GAAP measures FFO and MFFO and the adjustments to GAAP
in calculating FFO and MFFO.
Changes in the accounting and reporting promulgations under GAAP
(for acquisition fees and expenses from a
capitalization/depreciation model to an expensed-as-incurred model)
were put into effect subsequent to the establishment of
NAREIT’s
definition of FFO. Management believes these cash-settled expenses,
such as acquisition fees that are typically accounted for as
operating expenses, do not affect our overall long-term operating
performance. Publicly-registered, non-traded REITs typically have a
significant amount of acquisition activity and are substantially
more dynamic during their initial years of investment and
operation. While other start-up entities may also experience
significant acquisition activity during their initial years, we
believe that non-traded REITs are unique in that they have a
limited life with targeted exit strategies within a relatively
limited time frame after acquisition activity ceases. Due to the
above factors and other unique features of publicly registered,
non-traded REITs, the Institute for Portfolio Alternatives
(formerly known as the Investment Program Association) (“IPA”), an
industry trade group, has standardized a measure known as MFFO,
which the IPA has recommended as a supplemental measure for
publicly registered non-traded REITs and which we believe to be
another appropriate non-GAAP measure to reflect the operating
performance of a non-traded REIT having the characteristics
described above. MFFO is not equivalent to our net income or loss
as determined under GAAP, and MFFO may not be a useful measure of
the impact of long-term operating performance on value if we do not
continue to operate with a limited life and targeted exit strategy,
as currently intended. We believe that, because MFFO excludes costs
that we consider more reflective of investing activities and other
non-operating items included in FFO and also excludes acquisition
fees and expenses that affect our operations only in periods in
which properties are acquired, MFFO can provide, on a going forward
basis, an indication of the sustainability (that is, the capacity
to continue to be maintained) of our operating performance after
the period in which we are acquiring properties and once our
portfolio is in place. By providing MFFO, we believe we are
presenting useful information that assists investors and analysts
to better assess the sustainability of our operating performance
now that our offering has been completed and once essentially all
of our properties have been acquired. We also believe that MFFO is
a recognized measure of sustainable operating performance by the
non-traded REIT industry. Further, we believe MFFO is useful in
comparing the sustainability of our operating performance, with the
sustainability of the operating performance of other real estate
companies that are not as involved in acquisition activities. MFFO
should only be used to assess the sustainability of a
company’s
operating performance after a company’s
offering has been completed and properties have been acquired, as
it excludes acquisition costs that have a negative effect on a
company’s
operating performance during the periods in which properties are
acquired.
We define MFFO consistent with the IPA’s Practice
Guideline 2010-01, Supplemental Performance Measure for Publicly
Registered, Non-Listed REITs: Modified Funds from Operations
(the “Practice Guideline”), issued by the IPA in November 2010.
This Practice Guideline defines MFFO as FFO further adjusted for
the following items, included in the determination of GAAP net
income or loss, as applicable: acquisition fees and expenses;
accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt
investments; where applicable, payments of loan principal made by
our equity investees accounted for under the HLBV model where such
payments reduce our equity in earnings of equity method investments
in real estate, nonrecurring impairments of real estate-related
investments (i.e., infrequent or unusual, not reasonably likely to
recur in the ordinary course of business); mark-to-market
adjustments included in net income or loss; nonrecurring gains or
losses included in net income or loss from the extinguishment or
sale of debt, hedges, derivatives or securities holdings, where
trading of such holdings is not a fundamental attribute of the
business plan, unrealized gains or losses resulting from
consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting, and
after adjustments for Consolidated and Unconsolidated Hotels, with
such adjustments calculated to reflect MFFO on the same basis. The
accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt
investments, unrealized gains and losses on hedges, derivatives or
securities holdings, unrealized gains and losses resulting from
consolidations, as well
as other listed cash flow adjustments are adjustments made to net
income or loss in calculating the cash flows provided by operating
activities and, in some cases, reflect gains or losses that are
unrealized and may not ultimately be realized.
Our MFFO calculation complies with the Practice Guideline described
above. In calculating MFFO, we exclude acquisition-related
expenses, fair value adjustments of derivative financial
instruments and the adjustments of such items related to
noncontrolling interests. Under GAAP, acquisition fees and expenses
are characterized as operating expenses in determining operating
net income or loss. These expenses are paid in cash by a company.
All paid and accrued acquisition fees and expenses will have
negative effects on returns to investors, the potential for future
distributions, and cash flows generated by the company, unless
earnings from operations or net sales proceeds from the disposition
of other properties are generated to cover the purchase price of
the property, these fees and expenses and other costs related to
such property. Further, under GAAP, certain contemplated non-cash
fair value and other non-cash adjustments are considered operating
non-cash adjustments to net income or loss in determining cash flow
from operating activities. We account for certain of our equity
investments using the HLBV model which is based on distributable
cash as defined in the operating agreement.
Our management uses MFFO and the adjustments used to calculate it
in order to evaluate our performance against other non-traded
REITs, which have limited lives with short and defined acquisition
periods and targeted exit strategies shortly thereafter. As noted
above, MFFO may not be a useful measure of the impact of long-term
operating performance on value if we do not continue to operate in
this manner. We believe that MFFO and the adjustments used to
calculate it allow us to present our performance in a manner that
takes into account certain characteristics unique to non-traded
REITs, such as their limited life, defined acquisition period and
targeted exit strategy, and is therefore a useful measure for
investors. For example, acquisition costs are generally funded from
the proceeds of our offering and other financing sources and not
from operations. By excluding expensed acquisition costs, the use
of MFFO provides information consistent with
management’s
analysis of the operating performance of the properties.
Additionally, fair value adjustments, which are based on the impact
of current market fluctuations and underlying assessments of
general market conditions, but can also result from operational
factors such as occupancy rates, may not be directly related or
attributable to our current operating performance. By excluding
such changes that may reflect anticipated and unrealized gains or
losses, we believe MFFO provides useful supplemental
information.
Presentation of this information is intended to provide useful
information to investors as they compare the operating performance
of different REITs, although it should be noted that not all REITs
calculate FFO and MFFO the same way, so comparisons with other
REITs may not be meaningful. Furthermore, FFO and MFFO are not
necessarily indicative of cash flow available to fund cash needs
and should not be considered as an alternative to net income or
loss as an indication of our performance, as an alternative to cash
flows from operations as an indication of our liquidity, or
indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs including our
ability to make distributions to our stockholders. FFO and MFFO
should be reviewed in conjunction with other GAAP measurements as
an indication of our performance.
Neither the SEC, NAREIT nor any other regulatory body has passed
judgment on the acceptability of the adjustments that we use to
calculate FFO or MFFO. In the future, the SEC, NAREIT or another
regulatory body may decide to standardize the allowable adjustments
across the non-traded REIT industry and we would have to adjust our
calculation and characterization of FFO and MFFO
accordingly.
FFO and MFFO were as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Net loss attributable to Common Stockholders |
|
$ |
(82,771) |
|
|
$ |
(351,870) |
|
Adjustments: |
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization of real property |
|
117,598 |
|
|
114,697 |
|
Net gain on sale of real estate |
|
(108,216) |
|
|
(2,738) |
|
Net gain on change in control of interests |
|
(8,612) |
|
|
(22,250) |
|
Income taxes associated with sale of real estate |
|
2,810 |
|
|
— |
|
Impairment charges |
|
— |
|
|
120,220 |
|
Proportionate share of adjustments for partially owned entities
—
FFO adjustments
(a)
|
|
11,362 |
|
|
43,180 |
|
Total adjustments |
|
14,942 |
|
|
253,109 |
|
FFO attributable to Common Stockholders (as defined by
NAREIT) |
|
(67,829) |
|
|
(98,761) |
|
Amortization of fair value adjustments |
|
33,982 |
|
|
26,685 |
|
Net loss on extinguishment of debt |
|
13,581 |
|
|
22 |
|
Straight-line and other rent adjustments |
|
6,583 |
|
|
5,979 |
|
Gain on property-related insurance claims, net
(b)
|
|
(1,571) |
|
|
(2,520) |
|
Transaction costs
(b)
|
|
1,515 |
|
|
18,448 |
|
Bargain purchase gain |
|
— |
|
|
(78,696) |
|
Proportionate share of adjustments for partially owned
entities — MFFO
adjustments |
|
(2,407) |
|
|
(22) |
|
Total adjustments |
|
51,683 |
|
|
(30,104) |
|
MFFO attributable to Common stockholders |
|
$ |
(16,146) |
|
|
$ |
(128,865) |
|
___________
(a)This
adjustment includes an other-than-temporary impairment charge of
$17.8 million recognized on our equity investment in the
Ritz-Carlton Bacara, Santa Barbara Venture during the year ended
December 31, 2020.
(b)We
have excluded these costs because of their non-recurring nature. By
excluding such costs, management believes MFFO provides useful
supplemental information that is comparable for each type of real
estate investment and is consistent with
management’s
analysis of the investing and operating performance of our
properties.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk.
Market Risk
We currently have limited exposure to financial market risks,
including changes in interest rates. We currently have no foreign
operations and are not exposed to foreign currency
fluctuations.
Interest Rate Risk
The values of our real estate and related fixed-rate debt
obligations are subject to fluctuations based on changes in
interest rates. The value of our real estate is also subject to
fluctuations based on local and regional economic conditions, which
may affect our ability to refinance property-level mortgage debt
when balloon payments are scheduled, if we do not choose to repay
the debt when due. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many
factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic
and international economic and political conditions, and other
factors beyond our control. An increase in interest rates would
likely cause the fair value of our assets to decrease.
We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes primarily
through our borrowing activities. To limit this exposure, we
generally seek non-recourse mortgage financing on a long-term,
fixed-rate basis. However, from time to time, we or our joint
investment partners have obtained, and may in the future obtain,
variable-rate non-recourse mortgage loans, and, as a result, we
have entered into, and may continue to enter into, interest rate
swap agreements or interest rate cap agreements with
counterparties. See
Note
8
for additional information on our interest rate swaps and
caps.
As of December 31, 2021, all of our debt bore interest at
fixed rates, was swapped to a fixed rate or was subject to an
interest rate cap, with the exception of four mortgage loans with
an outstanding balance totaling $317.5 million. Our debt
obligations are more fully described in
Note
9
and under
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
in Item 7 above. The following table presents principal cash
outflows for our Consolidated Hotels based upon expected maturity
dates of our debt obligations outstanding as of December 31,
2021 and excludes deferred financing costs (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022 |
|
2023 |
|
2024 |
|
2025 |
|
2026 |
|
Thereafter |
|
Total |
|
Fair Value |
Fixed-rate debt |
$ |
535,341 |
|
|
$ |
427,059 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
962,400 |
|
|
$ |
962,879 |
|
Variable-rate debt |
$ |
582,632 |
|
|
$ |
104,830 |
|
|
$ |
329,910 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,017,372 |
|
|
$ |
1,021,414 |
|
The estimated fair value of our fixed-rate debt and our
variable-rate debt that currently bears interest at fixed rates or
has effectively been converted to a fixed rate through the use of
an interest rate swap, or that has been subject to an interest rate
cap, is affected by changes in interest rates. A decrease or
increase in interest rates of 1.0% would change the estimated
fair
value of this debt as of December 31, 2021 by an aggregate
increase of $12.6 million or an aggregate decrease of $23.7
million,
respectively. Annual interest expense on our variable-rate debt
that is subject to an interest rate cap as of December 31,
2021 would increase or decrease by $5.1 million for each respective
1.0% change in annual interest rates.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Page No. |
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Financial statement schedules other than those listed above are
omitted because the required information is given in the financial
statements, including the notes thereto, or because the conditions
requiring their filing do not exist.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING
FIRM
To the
Board of Directors and Stockholders of Watermark Lodging Trust,
Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Watermark Lodging Trust, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”)
as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, of comprehensive loss, of equity and of
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 2021, including the related notes and financial statement
schedules listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred
to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the
consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31,
2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of
the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on
our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB)
and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits of these consolidated financial statements
in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards
require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are
free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The
Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an
audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of
our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's
internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express
no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of
material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements,
whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a
test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the
consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included
evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation
of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising
from the current period audit of the consolidated financial
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to
the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures
that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii)
involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex
judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not
alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial
statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the
critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the
critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it
relates.
Acquisition of the Remaining Interest in Hyatt Centric French
Quarter Venture – Valuation of the Net Investment in
Hotel
As described in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, on
April 6, 2021, the Company acquired the remaining 20% interest in
the Hyatt Centric French Quarter Venture for $2.1 million, which
includes real estate and other hotel assets, net of assumed
liabilities with a fair value totaling $11.3 million, bringing the
Company’s ownership interest to 100%. The acquisition resulted in
the recognition of a net investment in hotel of $39.5 million.
Management allocated the fair value of the hotel at acquisition
based on the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and
liabilities assumed. Management estimated the fair values of the
land, building and site improvement, and furniture, fixtures, and
equipment at the hotel property by using a combination of the
income capitalization and sales comparison approaches. These
valuation methodologies are based on significant Level 3 inputs in
the fair value hierarchy, such as capitalization rates, discount
rates and net operating income at the respective hotel properties,
including estimates of future income growth.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing
procedures relating to the valuation of the net investment in hotel
from the acquisition of the remaining interest in Hyatt Centric
French Quarter Venture is a critical audit matter are (i) the
significant judgment by management when developing the fair value
of the net investment in hotel; (ii) a high degree of
auditor
judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and
evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to
capitalization rates, discount rates, and estimates of future
income growth; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of
professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating
audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on
the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included,
among others (i) testing management’s process for developing the
fair value of the net investment in hotel; (ii) reading the
respective purchase and sale agreement;
(iii) evaluating the appropriateness of the income capitalization
and sales comparison approaches; (iv) testing the completeness and
accuracy of data provided by management; and (v) evaluating the
reasonableness of management’s significant assumptions related to
capitalization rates, discount rates, and estimates of future
income growth. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge
were used to assist in evaluating the appropriateness of the income
capitalization and sales comparison approaches and the
reasonableness of the capitalization rates, discount rates, and
estimates of future income growth.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
New York, NY
March 28, 2022
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2008.
WATERMARK LODGING TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
Assets |
|
|
|
Investments in real estate: |
|
|
|
Hotels, at cost |
$ |
2,956,929 |
|
|
$ |
3,315,792 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
(383,337) |
|
|
(356,328) |
|
Net investments in hotels |
2,573,592 |
|
|
2,959,464 |
|
Equity investments in real estate |
12,705 |
|
|
18,639 |
|
Operating lease right-of-use assets |
43,671 |
|
|
40,729 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
249,478 |
|
|
160,383 |
|
Intangible assets, net |
69,464 |
|
|
72,285 |
|
Restricted cash |
99,000 |
|
|
91,081 |
|
Accounts receivable, net |
82,925 |
|
|
46,010 |
|
Other assets |
30,690 |
|
|
30,735 |
|
Total assets |
$ |
3,161,525 |
|
|
$ |
3,419,326 |
|
Liabilities and Equity |
|
|
|
Non-recourse debt, net |
$ |
1,958,741 |
|
|
$ |
2,169,902 |
|
Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock |
256,731 |
|
|
214,158 |
|
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other
liabilities |
190,701 |
|
|
174,217 |
|
Operating lease liabilities |
83,089 |
|
|
74,633 |
|
Total liabilities |
2,489,262 |
|
|
2,632,910 |
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note
10)
|
|
|
|
Equity |
|
|
|
Class A common stock, $0.001 par value; 320,000,000 shares
authorized; 167,689,164 and 167,441,281 shares, respectively,
issued and outstanding
|
168 |
|
|
167 |
|
Class T common stock, $0.001 par value; 80,000,000 shares
authorized; 61,095,773 and 61,102,438 shares, respectively, issued
and outstanding
|
61 |
|
61 |
Additional paid-in capital |
1,642,495 |
|
|
1,655,554 |
|
Distributions and accumulated losses |
(994,634) |
|
|
(911,863) |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
148 |
|
|
(724) |
|
Total stockholders’ equity |
648,238 |
|
|
743,195 |
|
Noncontrolling interests |
24,025 |
|
|
43,221 |
|
Total equity |
672,263 |
|
|
786,416 |
|
Total liabilities and equity |
$ |
3,161,525 |
|
|
$ |
3,419,326 |
|
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
WATERMARK LODGING TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
2019 |
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
Hotel Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
Rooms |
$ |
423,634 |
|
|
$ |
171,544 |
|
|
$ |
387,769 |
|
Food and beverage |
154,927 |
|
|
68,292 |
|
|
166,315 |
|
Other operating revenue |
76,814 |
|
|
38,323 |
|
|
52,641 |
|
Business interruption income |
545 |
|
|
942 |
|
|
4,338 |
|
Total Hotel Revenues |
655,920 |
|
|
279,101 |
|
|
611,063 |
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
Rooms |
95,927 |
|
|
50,540 |
|
|
86,060 |
|
Food and beverage |
113,806 |
|
|
61,532 |
|
|
114,239 |
|
Other hotel operating expenses |
28,501 |
|
|
14,724 |
|
|
27,669 |
|
Property taxes, insurance, rent and other |
95,844 |
|
|
79,879 |
|
|
72,236 |
|
General and administrative |
67,870 |
|
|
42,353 |
|
|
54,831 |
|
Sales and marketing |
50,308 |
|
|
29,013 |
|
|
57,330 |
|
Repairs and maintenance |
28,427 |
|
|
19,683 |
|
|
19,932 |
|
Utilities |
21,019 |
|
|
15,677 |
|
|
15,032 |
|
Management fees |
20,264 |
|
|
6,436 |
|
|
16,864 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
117,434 |
|
|
114,490 |
|
|
76,621 |
|
Total Hotel Operating Expenses |
639,400 |
|
|
434,327 |
|
|
540,814 |
|
Corporate general and administrative expenses |
31,023 |
|
|
23,845 |
|
|
12,202 |
|
(Gain) loss on property-related insurance claims, net |
(1,571) |
|
|
(2,520) |
|
|
372 |
|
Transaction costs |
1,515 |
|
|
18,448 |
|
|
2,783 |
|
Impairment charges |
— |
|
|
120,220 |
|
|
— |
|
Asset management fees to affiliate |
— |
|
|
3,795 |
|
|
14,052 |
|
Total Expenses |
670,367 |
|
|
598,115 |
|
|
570,223 |
|
Operating (Loss) Income before net gain on sale of
real estate |
(14,447) |
|
|
(319,014) |
|
|
40,840 |
|
Net gain on sale of real estate |
108,216 |
|
|
2,738 |
|
|
30,918 |
|
Operating Income (Loss) |
93,769 |
|
|
(316,276) |
|
|
71,758 |
|
Interest expense |
(166,163) |
|
|
(125,782) |
|
|
(65,861) |
|
Net loss on extinguishment of debt |
(13,581) |
|
|
(22) |
|
|
(2,711) |
|
Net gain on change in control of interests |
8,612 |
|
|
22,250 |
|
|
— |
|
Equity in losses of equity method investment in real
estate, net |
(5,575) |
|
|
(35,026) |
|
|
(1,018) |
|
Other income (expense) |
(501) |
|
|
954 |
|
|
253 |
|
Bargain purchase gain |
— |
|
|
78,696 |
|
|
— |
|
(Loss) income before income taxes |
(83,439) |
|
|
(375,206) |
|
|
2,421 |
|
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes |
(3,553) |
|
|
7,930 |
|
|
(3,152) |
|
Net Loss |
(86,992) |
|
|
(367,276) |
|
|
(731) |
|
Loss (Income) attributable to noncontrolling interests |
4,221 |
|
|
17,148 |
|
|
(10,167) |
|
Net Loss Attributable to the Company |
(82,771) |
|
|
(350,128) |
|
|
(10,898) |
|
Preferred dividends |
— |
|
|
(1,742) |
|
|
— |
|
Net Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders |
$ |
(82,771) |
|
|
$ |
(351,870) |
|
|
$ |
(10,898) |
|
Class A Common Stock |
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss attributable to Common Stockholders |
$ |
(60,659) |
|
|
$ |
(274,928) |
|
|
$ |
(10,898) |
|
Basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding |
167,609,507 |
|
157,288,346 |
|
128,978,410 |
|
Basic and diluted loss per share |
$ |
(0.36) |
|
|
$ |
(1.73) |
|
|
$ |
(0.08) |
|
Class T Common Stock |
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss attributable to Common Stockholders |
$ |
(22,112) |
|
|
$ |
(76,942) |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
Basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding |
61,096,711 |
|
43,957,081 |
|
|
— |
|
Basic and diluted loss per share |
$ |
(0.36) |
|
|
$ |
(1.74) |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
WATERMARK LODGING TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
2019 |
Net Loss |
$ |
(86,992) |
|
|
$ |
(367,276) |
|
|
$ |
(731) |
|
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments |
875 |
|
|
(532) |
|
|
130 |
|
Comprehensive Loss |
(86,117) |
|
|
(367,808) |
|
|
(601) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amounts Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss (income) |
4,221 |
|
|
17,148 |
|
|
(10,167) |
|
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments |
(22) |
|
|
(20) |
|
|
(16) |
|
Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling
interests |
4,199 |
|
|
17,128 |
|
|
(10,183) |
|
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Common Stockholders |
$ |
(81,918) |
|
|
$ |
(350,680) |
|
|
$ |
(10,784) |
|
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
WATERMARK LODGING TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WLT Stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
Additional
Paid-In
Capital |
|
Distributions
and
Accumulated
Losses |
|
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income |
|
Total
Stockholders’
Equity |
|
Noncontrolling
Interests |
|
Total
Stockholders’
Equity |
|
Class A |
|
Class T |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares |
|
Amount |
|
Shares |
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2021 |
167,441,281 |
|
|
$ |
167 |
|
|
61,102,438 |
|
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
1,655,554 |
|
|
$ |
(911,863) |
|
|
$ |
(724) |
|
|
$ |
743,195 |
|
|
$ |
43,221 |
|
|
$ |
786,416 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(82,771) |
|
|
|
|
(82,771) |
|
|
(4,221) |
|
|
(86,992) |
|
Shares issued under share incentive plans |
140,721 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,068 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,069 |
|
|
|
|
2,069 |
|
Stock-based compensation to directors |
108,892 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
600 |
|
|
|
|
600 |
|
Contributions from noncontrolling interests |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
376 |
|
|
376 |
|
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
(7,107) |
|
|
(7,107) |
|
Purchase of membership interest from noncontrolling
interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15,683) |
|
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
(15,664) |
|
|
(8,266) |
|
|
(23,930) |
|
Other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
853 |
|
|
853 |
|
|
22 |
|
|
875 |
|
Repurchase of shares |
(1,730) |
|
|
— |
|
|
(6,665) |
|
|
— |
|
|
(44) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(44) |
|
|
|
|
(44) |
|
Balance at December 31, 2021 |
167,689,164 |
|
|
$ |
168 |
|
|
61,095,773 |
|
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
1,642,495 |
|
|
$ |
(994,634) |
|
|
$ |
148 |
|
|
$ |
648,238 |
|
|
$ |
24,025 |
|
|
$ |
672,263 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2020 |
130,083,865 |
|
|
$ |
130 |
|
|
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,209,691 |
|
|
$ |
(562,747) |
|
|
$ |
(172) |
|
|
$ |
646,902 |
|
|
$ |
50,977 |
|
|
$ |
697,879 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(350,128) |
|
|
|
|
(350,128) |
|
|
(17,148) |
|
|
(367,276) |
|
Shares issued to affiliates |
417,261 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4761 |
|
|
|
|
|
4,761 |
|
|
|
|
4,761 |
|
Redemption of special general partnership
interest |
2,840,549 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(65,464) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(65,461) |
|
|
12,861 |
|
|
(52,600) |
|
Merger consideration |
94,480,247 |
|
|
95 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
496,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
496,580 |
|
|
(34,571) |
|
|
462,009 |
|
Merger recapitalization |
(61,175,258) |
|
|
(61) |
|
|
61,175,258 |
|
61 |
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
Shares issued, net of offering costs |
925,762 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,514 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,515 |
|
|
|
|
10,515 |
|
Shares issued under share incentive plans |
63,490 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,276 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,276 |
|
|
|
|
1,276 |
|
Stock-based compensation to directors |
35,110 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
|
240 |
|
Contributions from noncontrolling interests |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
725 |
|
|
725 |
|
Issuance of warrants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
30,357 |
|
|
30,357 |
|
Fair value adjustment on reclassification of Series A Preferred
Stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,754 |
|
|
|
|
2,754 |
|
|
|
|
2,754 |
|
Preferred dividends |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,742) |
|
|
|
|
(1,742) |
|
|
|
|
(1,742) |
|
Other comprehensive (loss) income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(552) |
|
|
(552) |
|
|
20 |
|
|
(532) |
|
Repurchase of shares |
(229,745) |
|
|
(1) |
|
|
(72,820) |
|
|
— |
|
|
(1,949) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,950) |
|
|
|
|
(1,950) |
|
Balance at December 31, 2020 |
167,441,281 |
|
|
$ |
167 |
|
|
61,102,438 |
|
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
1,655,554 |
|
|
$ |
(911,863) |
|
|
$ |
(724) |
|
|
$ |
743,195 |
|
|
$ |
43,221 |
|
|
$ |
786,416 |
|
(Continued)
WATERMARK LODGING TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(Continued)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WLT Stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
Additional
Paid-In
Capital |
|
Distributions
and
Accumulated
Losses |
|
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income |
|
Total
Stockholders’
Equity |
|
Noncontrolling
Interests |
|
Total
Stockholders’
Equity |
|
Class A |
|
Class T |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares |
|
Amount |
|
Shares |
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2019 |
127,144,688 |
|
|
$ |
127 |
|
|
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,174,900 |
|
|
$ |
(471,130) |
|
|
$ |
(286) |
|
|
$ |
703,611 |
|
|
$ |
53,771 |
|
|
$ |
757,382 |
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10,898) |
|
|
|
|
(10,898) |
|
|
10,167 |
|
|
(731) |
|
Shares issued, net of offering costs
|
3,760,578 |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
42,898 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
42,902 |
|
|
|
|
42,902 |
|
Shares issued to affiliates
|
1,236,528 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,114 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,115 |
|
|
|
|
14,115 |
|
Contributions from noncontrolling interests |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
175 |
|
|
175 |
|
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
(13,152) |
|
|
(13,152) |
|
Shares issued under share incentive plans
|
22,742 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
370 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
370 |
|
|
|
|
370 |
|
Stock-based compensation to directors
|
18,400 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
210 |
|
|
|
|
210 |
|
Distributions declared ($0.6260 and $0.0000 per share to Class A
and Class T, respectively)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(80,719) |
|
|
|
|
(80,719) |
|
|
|
|
(80,719) |
|
Other comprehensive income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
114 |
|
|
16 |
|
|
130 |
|
Repurchase of shares |
(2,099,071) |
|
|
(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(22,801) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(22,803) |
|
|
|
|
(22,803) |
|
Balance at December 31, 2019 |
130,083,865 |
|
|
$ |
130 |
|
|
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
1,209,691 |
|
|
$ |
(562,747) |
|
|
$ |
(172) |
|
|
$ |
646,902 |
|
|
$ |
50,977 |
|
|
$ |
697,879 |
|
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
WATERMARK LODGING TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years Ended December 31, |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
2019 |
Cash Flows — Operating Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
$ |
(86,992) |
|
|
$ |
(367,276) |
|
|
$ |
(731) |
|
Adjustments to net loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
117,434 |
|
|
114,490 |
|
|
76,621 |
|
Net gain on sale of real estate |
(108,216) |
|
|
(2,738) |
|
|
(30,918) |
|
Amortization of fair value adjustments, deferred financing costs
and other |
41,707 |
|
|
30,229 |
|
|
3,237 |
|
Net loss on extinguishment of debt |
13,581 |
|
|
22 |
|
|
2,711 |
|
Net gain on change in control of interests |
(8,612) |
|
|
(22,250) |
|
|
— |
|
Equity in losses of equity method investments in real
estate, net |
5,575 |
|
|
35,026 |
|
|
1,018 |
|
Amortization of stock-based compensation |
3,286 |
|
|
1,816 |
|
|
705 |
|
(Gain) loss on property-related insurance claims |
(1,571) |
|
|
(2,520) |
|
|
372 |
|
Business interruption income |
(545) |
|
|
(942) |
|
|
(4,338) |
|
Impairment charges |
— |
|
|
120,220 |
|
|
— |
|
Bargain purchase gain |
— |
|
|
(78,696) |
|
|
— |
|
Asset management fees to affiliates settled in shares |
— |
|
|
3,656 |
|
|
14,052 |
|
Net changes in other assets and liabilities |
20,647 |
|
|
8,538 |
|
|
8,822 |
|
Net decrease in operating lease right-of-use assets |
5,405 |
|
|
4,887 |
|
|
6,688 |
|
Funding of remediation work due to property damage |
(3,852) |
|
|
(1,025) |
|
|
(9,234) |
|
Insurance proceeds for remediation work due to property
damage |
2,638 |
|
|
2,907 |
|
|
3,106 |
|
Net increase in operating lease liabilities |
1,244 |
|
|
1,064 |
|
|
1,335 |
|
(Repayment) receipt of key money and other deferred incentive
payments |
(748) |
|
|
715 |
|
|
500 |
|
Business interruption insurance proceeds |
545 |
|
|
942 |
|
|
4,338 |
|
Decrease in due to related parties and affiliates |
(269) |
|
|
(3,086) |
|
|
(3,540) |
|
Distributions of earnings from equity method
investments |
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
3,442 |
|
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities |
1,257 |
|
|
(154,021) |
|
|
78,186 |
|
Cash Flows — Investing Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from sale of real estate investments |
438,419 |
|
|
89,398 |
|
|
185,990 |
|
Capital expenditures |
(28,739) |
|
|
(23,951) |
|
|
(37,227) |
|
Property insurance proceeds |
3,785 |
|
|
4,239 |
|
|
12,802 |
|
Cash and restricted cash acquired with acquisition of remaining
interest in Hyatt
French Quarter Venture |
2,901 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Acquisition of remaining interest in Hyatt French Quarter
Venture |
|