0001282631
false
NETLIST INC
0001282631
2023-08-14
2023-08-14
iso4217:USD
xbrli:shares
iso4217:USD
xbrli:shares
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
August 14, 2023
Date of Report (Date of earliest event
reported)
![](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1282631/000110465923092017/tm2323803d2_8kimg002.jpg)
NETLIST, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
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001-33170 |
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95-4812784 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
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(Commission |
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(IRS Employer |
Incorporation) |
|
File Number) |
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Identification Number) |
111 Academy, Suite 100
Irvine, California 92617
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(949) 435-0025
(Registrant’s telephone number, including
area code)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is
intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425
under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12
under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant
to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant
to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class |
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Trading
Symbol(s) |
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Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share |
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NLST |
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None |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth
company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant
to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Item 1.01. Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.
On August 14, 2023, Netlist, Inc. (the
“Company”) entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors (the
“Purchasers”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the Purchasers in a registered offering (the “Offering”)
an aggregate of 11,111,112 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase up to an aggregate
of 11,111,112 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Warrants,” and the shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants,
the “Warrant Shares”) at a per share purchase price of $2.70 per share, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $30
million and expected net proceeds, after deducting placement agent fees and offering costs, of approximately $28.6 million. The Company
expects that the Offering will close on or about August 17, 2023, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The
Company intends to use the net proceeds from the Offering for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement,
at the closing of the Offering, the Company will issue to each Purchaser a Warrant to purchase up to the number of Warrant Shares equal
to 100% of the number of Shares issued and sold to such Purchaser in the Offering. Each Warrant will be exercisable at any time on or
after the issuance date and will have a term of five years from the issuance date, and will have an exercise price of $3.20 per share
and contain customary 4.99%/9.99% blocker provisions. The exercise price and the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of each
Warrant are subject to adjustment in the event of, among other things, certain transactions affecting the Company’s common stock
(including without limitation stock splits and stock dividends).
The issuance and sale of the Shares, Warrants,
and Warrant Shares (collectively, the “Securities”) is registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities
Act”) pursuant to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-259838) and the base prospectus included
therein, which became effective when filed on September 28, 2021, as supplemented by a prospectus supplement dated August 14,
2023 and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5) under the Securities
Act. The Securities may only be offered by means of a prospectus. Copies of the prospectus and prospectus supplement can be obtained directly
from the Company and at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or by request at Roth Capital Partners, LLC by calling (800) 678-9147.
No statement in this document or the attached exhibits is an offer to purchase or a solicitation of an offer to sell securities. No offer,
solicitation or sale will be made in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale is unlawful.
On August 14, 2023 the Company entered a Placement
Agency Agreement (the “Placement Agreement”) with Roth Capital Partners, LLC (“Roth”), pursuant to which Roth
has agreed to act as the Company’s placement agent in connection with the Offering. Pursuant to the terms of the Placement Agreement,
in consideration for its placement agent services the Company has agreed to pay Roth a cash fee in an amount equal to 4% of the aggregate
gross proceeds received by the Company in connection with the closing of the Offering.
In addition, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement,
the Company and its director and executive officers have entered into lock-up agreements (the “Lock-Up Agreements”) pursuant
to which they agreed not to offer for sale, contract to sell, or sell any shares of the Company’s common stock or any securities
convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, shares of the Company’s common stock, for a period of 90 days from the closing
of the Offering, subject to certain customary exceptions.
The Purchase Agreement also provides that the Company
may not effect or enter into any Variable Rate Transactions (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) until the six month anniversary of
the closing date of the Offering. Sales of the Company’s common stock pursuant to the existing purchase agreement, dated as of September 28,
2021, by and between the Company and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC, are permitted after 90 days following the closing of the Offering.
A copy of the opinion of Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris,
Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. relating to the legality of the issuance and sale of the Securities in the Offering is attached as Exhibit 5.1
hereto. The form of Warrant, the Purchase Agreement, the Placement Agreement and the form of Lock-Up Agreement are filed as Exhibits 4.1,
10.1, 10.2 and 10.3 hereto, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference. The foregoing description of such documents and the
transactions contemplated thereby is qualified in its entirety by reference to such exhibits.
Item 8.01. Other Events.
On August 15, 2023, the Company issued a press
release announcing the pricing of the Offering. A copy of the press release is attached as Exhibit 99.1 hereto and is incorporated
herein by reference.
Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.
Exhibit
Number |
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Description |
4.1 |
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Form of Warrant |
5.1 |
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Opinion of Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. |
10.1^ |
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Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated August 14, 2023 between Netlist, Inc. and the purchasers identified therein |
10.2^ |
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Placement Agency Agreement dated August 14, 2023 by and between Netlist, Inc. and Roth Capital Partners, LLC |
10.3 |
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Form of Lock-Up Agreement |
23.1 |
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Consent of Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. (contained in Exhibit 5.1) |
99.1 |
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Press Release of Netlist, Inc., dated August 15, 2023 |
104 |
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Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the inline XBRL document) |
^ Certain exhibits and schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby undertakes to furnish
supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule upon request by the SEC.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto
duly authorized.
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NETLIST, INC. |
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Date: August 15, 2023 |
By: |
/s/ Gail M. Sasaki |
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Gail M. Sasaki |
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Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit 4.1
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
netlist,
inc.
Warrant Shares: _______ |
Issue
Date: August __, 2023 |
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|
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Initial Exercise Date: August __, 2023 |
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
(the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, _____________ or its assigns (the “Holder”)
is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after
August __, 2023 (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on August __,
2028 (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from Netlist, Inc., a Delaware
corporation (the “Company”), up to ______ shares (as subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”)
of Common Stock. The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in
Section 2(b).
Section 1. Definitions.
Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement
(the “Purchase Agreement”), dated August 14, 2023, among the Company and the purchasers signatory thereto.
Section 2. Exercise.
a) Exercise
of Warrant. Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on
or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company of a duly executed facsimile copy
or PDF copy submitted by e-mail (or e-mail attachment) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed hereto (the “Notice of Exercise”).
Within the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period
(as defined in Section 2(d)(i) herein) following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise
Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States
bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise.
No ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of
any Notice of Exercise be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender
this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised
in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of
the date on which the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of
a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant
Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall
maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection
to any Notice of Exercise within one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of
this Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant
Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on
the face hereof.
b) Exercise
Price. The exercise price per share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $3.20, subject to adjustment hereunder (the
“Exercise Price”).
c) Cashless
Exercise. If at the time of exercise hereof there is no effective registration statement registering, or the prospectus contained
therein is not available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder, then this Warrant may also be exercised, in whole or in
part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant
Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:
(A) = as applicable:
(i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is
(1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed
and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as
defined in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) at the
option of the Holder, either (y) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise
or (z) the Bid Price of the Common Stock on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”)
as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular
trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after
the close of “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof or (iii) the VWAP on
the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both
executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading
Day;
(B) = the
Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and
(X) = the
number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise
were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.
If
Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of
the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. The Company
agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
“Bid Price”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed
or quoted on a Trading Market, the bid price of the Common Stock for the time in question (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading
Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York
City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if the OTCQB Venture Market (the “OTCQB”) or the OTCQX
Best Market ( the “OTCQX”) is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such
date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading
on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or a similar organization or agency succeeding
to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases,
the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Purchasers of
a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall
be paid by the Company.
“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed
or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New
York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock
is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market
(or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common
Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser
selected in good faith by the Purchasers of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the
Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
Notwithstanding
anything herein to the contrary, on the Termination Date, this Warrant shall be automatically exercised via cashless exercise pursuant
to this Section 2(c).
d) Mechanics
of Exercise.
i. Delivery
of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer
Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with The Depository Trust Company
through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system
and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant
Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a certificate,
registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares to which
the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is
the earliest of (i) two (2) Trading Days after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise, (ii) one (1) Trading
Day after delivery of the aggregate Exercise Price to the Company and (iii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement
Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”).
Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of
the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery of the Warrant Shares,
provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received within the earlier of
(i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following delivery
of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice of Exercise
by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each
$1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise),
$10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the fifth Trading Day after such liquidated damages begin to accrue) for each
Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise. The Company
agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as this Warrant remains outstanding and exercisable.
As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading
Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice
of Exercise.
ii. Delivery
of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and
upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing
the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects
be identical with this Warrant.
iii. Rescission
Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by
the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.
iv. Compensation
for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if
the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(d)(i) above
pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase
(in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver
in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”),
then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price
(including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying
(1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue
times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the
Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in
which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been
issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common
Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with
an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence
the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable
to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit
a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree
of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock
upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
v. No
Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this
Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall,
at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the
Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
vi. Charges,
Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental
expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such Warrant
Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided, however,
that in the event that Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, this Warrant when surrendered for
exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may require, as
a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company shall pay all
Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the Depository Trust Company (or another
established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
vii. Closing
of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant,
pursuant to the terms hereof.
e) Holder’s
Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise
any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise
as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting
as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such Persons, “Attribution Parties”)),
would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence,
the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number
of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude
the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant
beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised
or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject
to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its
Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial
ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance
with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance
therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant
is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which
portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall
be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the
Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject
to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination.
In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of
the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the
number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the
Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement
by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common
Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in
writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common
Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the
Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported.
The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately
after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon notice to the Company,
may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided that the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance
of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue
to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is
delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity
with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent
with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly
give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
Section 3. Certain
Adjustments.
a) Stock
Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes
a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of
Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this
Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way
of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of
shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction
of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before
such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the
number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this
Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the
record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately
after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
b) Subsequent
Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues
or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders
of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the
terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the
number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof,
including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant,
issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common
Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the
Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation,
then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of
Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the
Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
c) Pro
Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution
of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including,
without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification,
corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after
the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent
that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise
of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation)
immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the
record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however,
to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of
any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance
for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation).
d) Fundamental
Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related
transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly,
effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one
or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the
Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares
for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the
Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization
of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for
other securities, cash or property, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a
stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off
or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the outstanding
shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated
or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a
“Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to
receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental
Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant),
the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation,
and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction
by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction
(without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination
of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration
issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among
the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration.
If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then
the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such
Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor
(the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other
Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(d) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance
reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and
shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by
a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares
of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon
exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and
with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative
value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number
of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately
prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder.
Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and
after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company”
shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations
of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named
as the Company herein.
e) Calculations.
All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For
purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be
the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
f) Notice to Holder.
i. Adjustment
to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly
deliver to the Holder by email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number
of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
ii. Notice
to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the
Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of
capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection
with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all
or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities,
cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs
of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by email to the Holder at its last email address as it shall
appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter
specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption,
rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to
such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected
that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other
property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to
deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to
be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided in this Warrant constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information
regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a
Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of
such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
Section 4. Transfer
of Warrant.
a) Transferability.
This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part,
upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this
Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient to pay any
transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company shall execute
and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations
specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so
assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required
to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company unless the Holder has assigned this Warrant in full, in which case, the Holder shall
surrender this Warrant to the Company within three (3) Trading Days of the date on which the Holder delivers an assignment form to
the Company assigning this Warrant in full. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new holder
for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
b) New
Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company,
together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or
its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination,
the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance
with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the original Issue Date of this Warrant and shall be identical
with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
c) Warrant
Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant
Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder
of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other
purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
a) No
Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise; No Settlement in Cash. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends
or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i), except as expressly
set forth in Section 3. Without limiting any rights of a Holder to receive Warrant Shares on a “cashless exercise” pursuant
to Section 2(c) or to receive cash payments pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) and Section 2(d)(iv) herein, in
no event shall the Company be required to net cash settle an exercise of this Warrant.
b) Loss,
Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory
to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case
of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant, shall not include
the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make
and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.
c) Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or
granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business
Day.
d) Authorized
Shares.
The Company covenants
that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient number
of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company further
covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged with the duty of issuing the
necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all such reasonable action
as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation,
or of any requirements of the Trading Market upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares
which may be issued upon the exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented
by this Warrant and payment for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable
and free from all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any
transfer occurring contemporaneously with such issue).
Except and to the
extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its certificate
of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or
any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all
times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate
to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the
Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately
prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly
and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use commercially reasonable
efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may
be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before taking any
action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price,
the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory
body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
e) Jurisdiction.
All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance
with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
f) Restrictions.
The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered, and the Holder does not
utilize cashless exercise, will have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
g) Nonwaiver
and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall operate as
a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision of this
Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results
in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and
expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder
in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
h) Notices.
Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in
accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
i) Limitation
of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant
Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase
price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the
Company.
j) Remedies.
The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific
performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss
incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any
action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.
k) Successors
and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the
benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder.
The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable
by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.
l) Amendment.
This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and the Holder.
m) Severability.
Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law,
but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the
extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
n) Headings.
The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
********************
(Signature Page Follows)
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company
has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
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netlist, inc. |
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Gail Sasaki, Chief Financial Officer |
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
To: netlist,
inc.
(1)
The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only
if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if
any.
(2)
Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
[ ] in lawful money of the United States;
or
[ ] if permitted the cancellation of
such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with
respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3)
Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
_______________________________
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following
DWAC Account Number:
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]
Name of Investing Entity: |
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Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing
Entity: |
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Title of Authorized Signatory: |
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EXHIBIT B
ASSIGNMENT FORM
(To assign the foregoing
Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and
all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
Name: |
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Address: |
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(Please Print) |
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Phone Number: |
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Email Address: |
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Dated: _______________ __, ______ |
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Holder’s Signature: |
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Holder’s Address: |
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Exhibit 5.1
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![](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1282631/000110465923092017/tm2323803d2_ex5-1img001.jpg) |
3580 Carmel Mountain Road
Suite 300
San Diego, CA
858 314 1500
mintz.com |
August 14, 2023
Netlist, Inc.
111 Academy, Suite 100
Irvine, California 92617
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as legal counsel
to Netlist, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) of a prospectus supplement, dated August 14, 2023 (the “Prospectus
Supplement”), to Registration Statement No. 333-259838 (the “Registration Statement”), filed by the
Company with the Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The Prospectus Supplement
relates to the sale of 11,111,112 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share
(the “Common Stock”), pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 14, 2023, among the Company and
the purchasers named therein (the “Purchase Agreement”) and warrants to purchase up to 11,111, 112 shares of Common
Stock (“Warrants”). The shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants are hereinafter referred to as
the “Warrant Shares,” and the Warrant Shares, together with the Shares and the Warrants, are hereinafter referred to
as the “Securities”. The Purchase Agreement and the form of Warrant will be filed as exhibits to a Current Report on
Form 8-K and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement. This opinion is being rendered in connection with the filing
of the Prospectus Supplement with the Commission. All capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective
meanings given to them in the Registration Statement.
In connection with this opinion,
we have examined the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and Amended and Restated Bylaws, both as currently
in effect; the minutes of all pertinent meetings of the sole director of the Company relating to the Registration Statement, the prospectus
contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus Supplement, the Warrant, the Purchase Agreement and the transactions contemplated
thereby; such other records of the corporate proceedings of the Company and certificates of the Company’s officers as we have deemed
relevant; the Registration Statement and the exhibits thereto; the prospectus contained in the Registration Statement; the Prospectus
Supplement; and the Purchase Agreement.
In our examination, we have
assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as
originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the authenticity
of the originals of such copies. We have relied, without independent verification, on certificates of public officials and, as to matters
of fact material to the opinions set forth below, on certificates of officers of the Company.
Our opinion is limited to
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, and we express no opinion with respect to the laws of any other jurisdiction. No
opinion is expressed herein with respect to the qualification of the Securities under the securities or blue sky laws of any state or
any foreign jurisdiction.
Boston Los
Angeles New York San Diego San
Francisco toronto
Washington
MINTZ,
LEVIN, COHN, FERRIS, GLOVSKY AND POPEO, P.C.
MINTZ
August 14, 2023
Page 2
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Please note that we are opining
only as to the matters expressly set forth herein, and no opinion should be inferred as to any other matters. This opinion is based upon
currently existing statutes, rules, regulations and judicial decisions, and we disclaim any obligation to advise you of any change in
any of these sources of law or subsequent legal or factual developments which might affect any matters or opinions set forth herein.
Based upon the foregoing,
we are of the opinion that the Shares, when issued and sold in accordance with the Purchase Agreement and the Prospectus Supplement, will
be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and that the Warrant Shares when issued upon exercise and in accordance with the terms
of the Warrants will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
We understand that you wish
to file this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and the Registration Statement in accordance
with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act and to reference the firm’s
name under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus Supplement, and we hereby consent thereto. In giving this consent,
we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the
rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.
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Very truly yours, |
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/s/ Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. |
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Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. |
Exhibit 10.1
SECURITIES
PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement
(this “Agreement”) is dated as of August 14, 2023, between Netlist, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”),
and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “Purchaser”
and collectively the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to the terms
and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the “Securities Act”), the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally and
not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION
of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are
hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions.
In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings
set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.
“Action”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(j).
“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Board
of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York are generally
open for use by customers on such day.
“Closing”
means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties
thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s
obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the second (2nd)
Trading Day following the date hereof.
“Commission”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Common
Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such
securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Company
Counsel” means Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., with offices located at 3580 Carmel Mountain Road, San Diego,
CA 92130.
“Disclosure
Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith.
“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City
time) and before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately
following the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is
signed between midnight (New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New
York City time) on the date hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.
“EGS”
means Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, with offices located at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105-0302.
“Evaluation
Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).
“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company
pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors
or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company,
(b) securities upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities exercisable
or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such
securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise
price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock splits or combinations) or to extend
the term of such securities, and (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority
of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted securities” (as defined
in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement in connection therewith
during the prohibition period in Section 4.11 herein, and provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equityholders
of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with
the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not
include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary
business is investing in securities.
“FCPA”
means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
“GAAP”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Indebtedness”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(aa).
“Intellectual
Property Rights” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).
“Liens”
means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
“Lock-Up
Agreement” means the Lock-Up Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company and the directors and officers,
in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
“Material
Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).
“Material
Permits” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).
“Per Share
Purchase Price” equals $2.70, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations
and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company,
joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Placement
Agent” means Roth Capital Partners, LLC.
“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding,
such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
“Prospectus”
means the final prospectus filed for the Registration Statement.
“Prospectus
Supplement” means the supplement to the Prospectus complying with Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act that is filed
with the Commission and delivered by the Company to each Purchaser at the Closing.
“Purchaser
Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.
“Registration
Statement” means the effective registration statement on Form S-3 with Commission file No. 333-259838, which registers
the sale of the Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares to the Purchasers.
“Required
Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(e).
“Rule 144”
means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from
time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.
“Rule 424”
means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from
time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.
“SEC Reports”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).
“Securities”
means the Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares.
“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement.
“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not
be deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock).
“Subscription
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Shares and Warrants purchased hereunder as specified
below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,”
in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.
“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company as set forth on Schedule 3.1(a), and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect
subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.
“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock
Exchange, OTCQB or OTCQX (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants, the Lock-Up Agreements, all exhibits and schedules thereto and hereto and any
other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.
“Transfer
Agent” means Computershare Trust Company, N.A., the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 8742 Lucent
Blvd., Highlands Ranch, CO 80129, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Warrants”
means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof,
which Warrants shall be immediately exercisable and have a term of exercise equal to five (5) years from the initial exercise date,
in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Warrant
Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.
ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE
2.1 Closing.
On the Closing Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery
of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase,
up to an aggregate of $30,000,002.40 of Shares and Warrants. Each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount as set forth on the signature
page hereto executed by such Purchaser shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” settlement with the Company
or its designee. The Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares and a Warrant as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a),
and the Company and each Purchaser shall deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction
of the covenants and conditions set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the offices of EGS or such other location
as the parties shall mutually agree. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at any time on or after the time of execution
of this Agreement by the Company and an applicable Purchaser, through, and including the time immediately prior to the Closing (the “Pre-Settlement
Period”), if such Purchaser sells to any Person all, or any portion, of the Shares to be issued hereunder to such Purchaser
at the Closing (collectively, the “Pre-Settlement Shares”), such Purchaser shall, automatically hereunder (without
any additional required actions by such Purchaser or the Company), be deemed to be unconditionally bound to purchase, such Pre-Settlement
Shares to such Purchaser at the Closing; provided, that the Company shall not be required to deliver any Pre-Settlement Shares to such
Purchaser prior to the Company’s receipt of the purchase price of such Pre-Settlement Shares hereunder; and provided further that
the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the forgoing shall not constitute a representation or covenant by such Purchaser as to
whether or not during the Pre-Settlement Period such Purchaser shall sell any shares of Common Stock to any Person and that any such decision
to sell any shares of Common Stock by such Purchaser shall solely be made at the time such Purchaser elects to effect any such sale, if
any.Unless otherwise directed by the Placement Agent, settlement of the Shares shall occur via “Delivery Versus Payment” (“DVP”)
(i.e., on the Closing Date, the Company shall issue the Shares registered in the Purchasers’ names and addresses and released by
the Transfer Agent directly to the account(s) at the Placement Agent identified by each Purchaser; upon receipt of such Shares, the
Placement Agent shall promptly electronically deliver such Shares to the applicable Purchaser, and payment therefor shall be made by the
Placement Agent (or its clearing firm) by wire transfer to the Company).
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On
or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:
(i) this
Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii) a
legal opinion of Company Counsel in form and substance reasonably acceptable to each Purchaser and the Placement Agent;
(iii) subject
to the last sentence of Section 2.1, the Company shall have provided each Purchaser with the Company’s wire instructions, on
Company letterhead and executed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer;
(iv) subject
to the last sentence of Section 2.1, a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent
to deliver on an expedited basis via The Depository Trust Company Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”)
Shares equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Per Share Purchase Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;
(v) on
the date hereof, the duly executed Lock-Up Agreements;
(vi) a
Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to 100% of such Purchaser’s
Shares, with an exercise price equal to $3.20, subject to adjustment therein; and
(vii) the
Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement (which may be delivered in accordance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
(b) On
or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company, the following:
(i) this
Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser; and
(ii) such
Purchaser’s Subscription Amount, which shall be made available for “Delivery Versus Payment” settlement with the Company
or its designee.
2.3 Closing
Conditions.
(a) The
obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect,
in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of a specific
date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
and
(iii) the
delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b) The
respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the
accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect,
in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of
a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all
obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii) the
delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement;
(iv) there
shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof; and
(v) from
the date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s
principal Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall
not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such
service, or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities
nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude
in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser,
makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
3.1 Representations
and Warranties of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part
hereof and shall qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section
of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:
(a) Subsidiaries.
All of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company are set forth on Schedule 3.1(a). The Company owns, directly or indirectly,
all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding
shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights
to subscribe for or purchase securities. If the Company has no subsidiaries, all other references to the Subsidiaries or any of them in
the Transaction Documents shall be disregarded.
(b) Organization
and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to
own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in
violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational
or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign
corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification
necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected
to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a
material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company
and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material
respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse
Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke,
limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
(c) Authorization;
Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The
execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further
action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other
than in connection with the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or
upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute
the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited
by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application
affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance,
injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by
applicable law.
(d) No
Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it
is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do
not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles
of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event
that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties
or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with
or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary
debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company
or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any
law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company
or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company
or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(e) Filings,
Consents and Approvals. The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to,
or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection
with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant
to Section 4.4 of this Agreement, (ii) the filing with the Commission of the Prospectus Supplement, (iii) application(s) to
each applicable Trading Market for the listing of the Shares and Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby,
and (iv) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required Approvals”).
(f) Issuance
of the Securities; Registration. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable
Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company.
The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrants, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free
and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares
of Common Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement and the Warrants. The Company has prepared and filed the Registration Statement in
conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, which became automatically effective upon filing with the Commission on September 28,
2021, including the Prospectus, and such amendments and supplements thereto as may have been required to the date of this Agreement. The
Registration Statement is effective under the Securities Act and no stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement or suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus has been issued by the Commission and no proceedings for that purpose
have been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by the Commission. The Company, if required by the rules and
regulations of the Commission, shall file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b). At the time the Registration
Statement and any amendments thereto became effective, at the date of this Agreement and at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement
and any amendments thereto conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and did not and
will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus
or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and at the Closing Date, conformed and will conform in all material respects to the
requirements of the Securities Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
The Company was at the time of the filing of the Registration Statement eligible to use Form S-3 and it meets the transaction requirements
with respect to General Instruction I.B.1 of Form S-3.
(g) Capitalization.
The capitalization of the Company as of the date hereof is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), which Schedule 3.1(g) shall
also include the number of shares of Common Stock owned beneficially, and of record, by Affiliates of the Company as of the date hereof.
The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant
to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees
pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents
outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal,
preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to,
calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or
exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary,
or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional
shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not
obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers) and
will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of
such securities. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar
provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become
bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom
stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and
none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the
Securities. There are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital
stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
(h) SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be
filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof,
for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material)
(the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, together with the Prospectus
and the Prospectus Supplement, being collectively referred to herein as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has
received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As
of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange
Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material
fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial
statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the
rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing. Such financial statements have been
prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved
(“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited
financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position
of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the
periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial, year-end audit adjustments.
(i) Material
Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within
the SEC Reports, except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had
or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent
or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed
in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared
or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase
or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate,
except pursuant to existing Company stock option plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission any request for confidential
treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i),
no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist
with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial
condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made
or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least 1 Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
(j) Litigation.
Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(j), there is no material action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation
pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties
before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign)
(collectively, an “Action”). None of the Actions set forth on Schedule 3.1(j) (i) adversely affects
or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if there
were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary,
nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal
or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not
pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the
Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed
by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.
(k) Labor
Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company,
which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees
is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships
with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected
to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement
or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued
employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any
of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and
regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the
failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(l) Compliance.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived
that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or
any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement
or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default
or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental
authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including
without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety,
product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result
in a Material Adverse Effect.
(m) Environmental
Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution
or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata),
including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or
hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to
the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as
all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders,
permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have
received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses;
and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and
(iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
(n) Regulatory
Permits. The Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal,
state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except
where the failure to possess such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material
Permits”), and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification
of any Material Permit.
(o) Title
to Assets. The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good
and marketable title in all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each
case free and clear of all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially
interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment
of federal, state or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which
is neither delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries
are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
(p) Intellectual
Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications,
service marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights
necessary or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports and which the failure to
so have could have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”). None of, and neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired,
terminated or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC
Reports, a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the
rights of any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the
Company, all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual
Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and
value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(q) Insurance.
The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such
amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited
to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain
similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
(r) Transactions
With Affiliates and Employees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(r), none of the officers or directors of the Company or
any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any
transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract,
agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to
or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director
or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial
interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment
of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other
employee benefits, including stock option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.
(s) Sarbanes-Oxley;
Internal Accounting Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission
thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of
internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s
general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s
general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and
designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it
files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s
rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures
of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange
Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the
Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their
evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting
(as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely
to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
(t) Certain
Fees. Except as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable
by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other
Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect
to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that
may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
(u) Investment
Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be
or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company
shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(v) Registration
Rights. No Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any
securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
(w) Listing
and Maintenance Requirements. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act,
and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration
of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating
such registration. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the
Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements
of such Trading Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance
with all such listing and maintenance requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository
Trust Company or another established clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company
(or such other established clearing corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.
(x) Application
of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable
any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar
anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state
of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations
or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of
the Securities and the Purchasers’ ownership of the Securities.
(y) Disclosure.
Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms
that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information
that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus Supplement.
The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities
of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries,
their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and
correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated
by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in
the light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser
makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically
set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.
(z) No
Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2,
neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers
or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities
to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market
on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
(aa) Solvency.
Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company
of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the
amount that will be required to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known
contingent liabilities) as they mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on
its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements
of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the
current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after
taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when
such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking
into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or
circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws
of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.1(aa) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured
and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes
of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000
(other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent
obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated
balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar
transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases
required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
(bb) Tax
Status. Except for matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material
Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and
all foreign income and franchise tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has
paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns,
reports and declarations and (iii) has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes
for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material
amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no
basis for any such claim.
(cc) Foreign
Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other
person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions,
gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment
to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds,
(iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf
of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.
(dd) Accountants.
The Company’s accounting firm is set forth on Schedule 3.1(dd) of the Disclosure Schedules. To the knowledge and belief
of the Company, such accounting firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall
express its opinion with respect to the financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023.
(ee) Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely
in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby.
The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity)
with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their
respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely
incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s
decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the
transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
(ff) Acknowledgment
Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding (except
for Sections 3.2(f) and 4.13 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has
been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities
of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified
term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short
Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively
impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative”
transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the
Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party
in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may
engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during
the periods that the value of the Warrant Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging
activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders' equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the
hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute
a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
(gg) Regulation
M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly,
any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate
the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of,
any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other
securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Company’s placement
agent in connection with the placement of the Securities.
(hh) Stock
Option Plans. Each stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance
with the terms of the Company’s stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of
the Common Stock on the date such stock option would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under
the Company’s stock option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company
policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the
release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.
(ii) Office
of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee
or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets
Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
(jj) U.S.
Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning
of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
(kk) Bank
Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956,
as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal
Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent
(5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank
or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or
Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to
regulation by the Federal Reserve.
(ll) Money
Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable
financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable
money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”),
and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company
or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
3.2 Representations
and Warranties of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the
date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they shall be accurate
as of such date):
(a) Organization;
Authority. Such Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company
or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise
to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by such
Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership,
limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a
party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute
the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited
by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application
affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance,
injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by
applicable law.
(b) Understandings
or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement
or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty
not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise in compliance with
applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business.
(c) Purchaser
Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which
it exercises any Warrants, it will be an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7) or
(a)(8) under the Securities Act.
(d) Experience
of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience
in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities,
and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the
Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
(e) Access
to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits
and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary
of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities
and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition,
results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the
opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that
is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that
neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such Purchaser with any information or advice with respect
to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired. Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made
or makes any representation as to the Company or the quality of the Securities and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired
non-public information with respect to the Company which such Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it. In connection with the
issuance of the Securities to such Purchaser, neither the Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or
fiduciary to such Purchaser.
(f) Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not, nor has
any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or
sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first
received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms
of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the
case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s
assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions
of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by
the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons
party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners,
legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made
to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for
the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect
to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
The
Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such
Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations
and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection
with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt,
nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to locating or borrowing
shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
ARTICLE IV.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
4.1 Warrant
Shares. If all or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the issuance
or resale of the Warrant Shares or if the Warrant is exercised via cashless exercise, the Warrant Shares issued pursuant to any such exercise
shall be issued free of all legends. If at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement (or any subsequent registration
statement registering the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares) is not effective or is not otherwise available for the sale or resale
of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall immediately notify the holders of the Warrants in writing that such registration statement is
not then effective and thereafter shall promptly notify such holders when the registration statement is effective again and available
for the sale or resale of the Warrant Shares (it being understood and agreed that the foregoing shall not limit the ability of the Company
to issue, or any Purchaser to sell, any of the Warrant Shares in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Company
shall use best efforts to keep a registration statement (including the Registration Statement) registering the issuance or resale of the
Warrant Shares effective during the term of the Warrants.
4.2 Furnishing
of Information. Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Securities or (ii) the Warrants have expired,
the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports
required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the
reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
4.3 Integration.
The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2
of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations
of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless shareholder
approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
4.4 Securities
Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms
of the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits
thereto, with the Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company
represents to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the issuance of such press release, the Company acknowledges
and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company,
any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates on the one hand, and any of the
Purchasers or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate. The Company and each Purchaser shall consult with each other
in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and neither the Company nor any Purchaser shall
issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior consent of the Company, with respect to any
press release of any Purchaser, or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with respect to any press release of the Company, which
consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure is required by law, in which case the disclosing party
shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public statement or communication. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the
Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission
or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal
securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission and (b) to the extent such disclosure
is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure
permitted under this clause (b).
4.5 Shareholder
Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser
is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution
under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser
could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents
or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchasers.
4.6 Non-Public
Information. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents,
which shall be disclosed pursuant to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on
its behalf will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably believes
constitutes, material non-public information, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have consented to the receipt of such information
and agreed with the Company to keep such information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying
on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company delivers any material,
non-public information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser
shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents,
employees or Affiliates, or a duty to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees
or Affiliates not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to
applicable law. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public
information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant
to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant
in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.
4.7 Use
of Proceeds. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.7 attached hereto, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the
Securities hereunder for working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any portion of the
Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior practices),
(b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation
or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations.
4.8 Indemnification
of Purchasers. Subject to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors,
officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person
holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning
of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents,
members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding
a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any
and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in
settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur
as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company
in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity,
or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with
respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a material breach
of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings
such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws
or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which is finally judicially determined to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct).
If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such
Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with
counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate
counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of
such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing,
(ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such
action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and
the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than
one such separate counsel. The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a
Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to
the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any
of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction
Documents. The indemnification required by this Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course
of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in
addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company
may be subject to pursuant to law.
4.9 Reservation
of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all
times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue Shares
pursuant to this Agreement and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants.
4.10 Listing
of Common Stock. The Company hereby agrees to use best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading
Market on which it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all of the Shares
and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market.
The Company further agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will then include in
such application all of the Shares and Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares and
Warrant Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action reasonably
necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s
reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility
of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including,
without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection
with such electronic transfer.
4.11 Subsequent
Equity Sales.
(a) From
the date hereof until 90 days after the Closing Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) issue, enter into any agreement
to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (ii) file any
registration statement or amendment or supplement thereto, other than the Prospectus Supplement or filing a registration statement on
Form S-8 in connection with any employee benefit plan.
(b) From
the date hereof until the six (6) month anniversary of the Closing Date, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering
into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination
of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the
Company (i) issues or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include
the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other
price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the initial
issuance of such debt or equity securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at
some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly
or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction
under, any agreement, including, but not limited to, an equity line of credit or an “at-the-market offering”, whereby the
Company may issue securities at a future determined price regardless of whether shares pursuant to such agreement have actually been issued
and regardless of whether such agreement is subsequently canceled; provided, however, that, following the 90th
day after the Closing Date, the sales agreement, dated as of September 28, 2021, by and between the Company and Lincoln Park Capital
Fund, LLC, shall not be deemed a Variable Rate Transaction. Any Purchaser shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company
to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.
(c) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Section 4.11 shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance.
4.12 Equal
Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid to any
Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction Documents
unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents.
For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately
by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers
acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities or otherwise.
4.13 Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither it nor
any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales
of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4.
Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, such Purchaser
will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules.
Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary,
the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it
will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted
or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and
after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release
as described in Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities
of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release as described in Section 4.4.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio
managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment
decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall
only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities
covered by this Agreement.
4.14 Capital
Changes. Until the one year anniversary of the Closing Date, the Company shall not undertake a reverse or forward stock split or reclassification
of the Common Stock without the prior written consent of the Purchasers holding a majority in interest of the Shares.
4.15 Exercise
Procedures. The form of Notice of Exercise included in the Warrants set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchasers
in order to exercise the Warrants. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchasers
to exercise their Warrants. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall
any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required in order to exercise the
Warrants. The Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants and shall deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions
and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.
4.16 Lock-Up
Agreements. The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-Up Agreements except to extend
the term of the lock-up period and shall enforce the provisions of each Lock-Up Agreement in accordance with its terms. If any party to
a Lock-Up Agreement breaches any provision of a Lock-Up Agreement, the Company shall promptly use its best efforts to seek specific performance
of the terms of such Lock-Up Agreement.
ARTICLE V.
MISCELLANEOUS
5.1 Termination.
This Agreement may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever
on the obligations between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated
on or before the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however, that no such termination
will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
5.2 Fees
and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses
of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation,
preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without
limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered
by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.
5.3 Entire
Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement,
contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements
and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents,
exhibits and schedules.
5.4 Notices.
Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall
be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via
email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York
City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered
via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day
or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date
of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such
notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached
hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information
regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current
Report on Form 8-K.
5.5 Amendments;
Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in
the case of an amendment, by the Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Shares based on the initial
Subscription Amounts hereunder (or, prior to the Closing, the Company and each Purchaser) or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against
whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought, provided that if any amendment, modification or waiver disproportionately and
adversely impacts a Purchaser (or group of Purchasers), the consent of such disproportionately impacted Purchaser (or group of Purchasers)
shall also be required. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed
to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement
hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.
Any proposed amendment or waiver that disproportionately, materially and adversely affects the rights and obligations of any Purchaser
relative to the comparable rights and obligations of the other Purchasers shall require the prior written consent of such adversely affected
Purchaser. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon each Purchaser and holder of Securities
and the Company.
5.6 Headings.
The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any
of the provisions hereof.
5.7 Successors
and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns.
The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other
than by merger). Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or
transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by
the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”
5.8 No
Third-Party Beneficiaries. The Placement Agent shall be the third party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of the Company
in Section 3.1 and the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2. This Agreement is intended for the benefit
of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof
be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8 and this Section 5.8.
5.9 Governing
Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed
by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts
of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates,
directors, officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts
sitting in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting
in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction
contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably
waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such
court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives
personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered
or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this
Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein
shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action
or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section 4.8,
the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’
fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
5.10 Survival.
The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
5.11 Execution.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement
and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that
the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf”
format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature
is executed) with the same force and effect as if such “.pdf” signature page were an original thereof.
5.12 Severability.
If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal,
void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force
and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts
to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision,
covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
5.13 Rescission
and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of
the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and
the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw,
in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part
without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that, in the case of a rescission of an exercise
of a Warrant, the applicable Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such rescinded exercise notice
concurrently with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such shares and the restoration
of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement
warrant certificate evidencing such restored right).
5.14 Replacement
of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall
issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of
and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of
such loss, theft or destruction. The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable
third-party costs (including customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.
5.15 Remedies.
In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers
and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may
not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby
agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would
be adequate.
5.16 Payment
Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser
enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part
thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required
to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without
limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration
the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such
payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
5.17 Independent
Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and
not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance
of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document,
and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association,
a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group
with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently
protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction
Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose.
Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For
reasons of administrative convenience only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through
EGS. EGS does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents the Placement Agent. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers
with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so
by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction
Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and
among the Purchasers.
5.18 Liquidated
Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents
is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been
paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due
and payable shall have been canceled.
5.19 Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for
the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business Day, then such action may
be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business Day.
5.20 Construction.
The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents
and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party
shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference
to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits,
stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
5.21 WAIVER
OF JURY TRIAL. IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES
EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY, TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY
AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL BY JURY.
(Signature
Pages Follow)
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have
caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated
above.
netlist, inc. |
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Address for Notice: |
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By: |
/s/ Gail Sasaki |
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111 Academy Way, Suite 100 |
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Gail Sasaki, Chief Financial Officer |
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Irvine, CA 92617 |
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E-Mail: |
With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice): |
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Fax: |
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Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky
and Popeo, P.C. |
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3580 Carmel Mountain Road |
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San Diego, CA 92130 |
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Email: |
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Attention: Scott Stanton |
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[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY
LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
[PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO nlst
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned
have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated
above.
Signature
of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: |
|
Name of Authorized Signatory: |
|
Title of Authorized Signatory: |
|
Email Address of Authorized Signatory: |
|
Address for Notice to Purchaser:
Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address
for notice):
Subscription Amount: $_________________
Shares: _________________
Warrant
Shares: __________________ Beneficial Ownership Blocker ¨ 4.99% or ¨
9.99%
EIN Number: _______________________
¨ Notwithstanding
anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, by checking this box (i) the obligations of the above-signed to
purchase the securities set forth in this Agreement to be purchased from the Company by the above-signed, and the obligations of the
Company to sell such securities to the above-signed, shall be unconditional and all conditions to Closing shall be disregarded,
(ii) the Closing shall occur on the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date of this Agreement and (iii) any
condition to Closing contemplated by this Agreement (but prior to being disregarded by clause (i) above) that required delivery
by the Company or the above-signed of any agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) shall no
longer be a condition and shall instead be an unconditional obligation of the Company or the above-signed (as applicable) to deliver
such agreement, instrument, certificate or the like or purchase price (as applicable) to such other party on the Closing Date.
[SIGNATURE PAGES CONTINUE]
Exhibit A
Form of Warrant
(see attached)
Exhibit B
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
(see attached)
Exhibit 10.2
PLACEMENT AGENCY AGREEMENT
August 14, 2023
Roth Capital Partners, LLC
888 San Clemente Drive
Newport Beach, CA 92660
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Introduction. Subject
to the terms and conditions herein (this “Agreement”), Netlist, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”),
hereby agrees to sell up to an aggregate of $30,000,002.40 of registered securities of the Company, including, but not limited to, 11,111,112
shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the "Common Stock”),
and common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 11,111,112 shares of Common Stock (the “Warrants”
and, together with the Shares, the “Securities”) directly to various investors (each, an “Investor”
and, collectively, the “Investors”) through Roth Capital Partners, LLC, as placement agent (the “Placement
Agent”). The documents executed and delivered by the Company and the Investors in connection with the Offering (as defined below),
including, without limitation, a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), shall be collectively referred
to herein as the “Transaction Documents.” The purchase price to the Investors for each Share is $2.70 and the exercise
price to the Investors for each share of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is $3.20. The Placement Agent may retain
other brokers or dealers to act as sub-agents or selected-dealers on its behalf in connection with the Offering. Capitalized terms used
but not defined herein shall have the meaning given to them in the Purchase Agreement.
The Company hereby confirms
its agreement with the Placement Agent as follows:
Section 1. Agreement
to Act as Placement Agent.
(a) On
the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company herein contained, and subject to all the terms and conditions
of this Agreement, the Placement Agent shall be the exclusive Placement Agent in connection with the offering and sale by the Company
of the Securities pursuant to the Company's registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-259838) (the “Registration
Statement”), with the terms of such offering (the “Offering”) to be subject to market conditions and negotiations
between the Company, the Placement Agent and the prospective Investors. The Placement Agent will act on a reasonable best efforts basis
and the Company agrees and acknowledges that there is no guarantee of the successful placement of the Securities, or any portion thereof,
in the prospective Offering. Under no circumstances will the Placement Agent or any of its “Affiliates” (as defined below)
be obligated to underwrite or purchase any of the Shares for its own account or otherwise provide any financing. The Placement Agent shall
act solely as the Company’s agent and not as principal. The Placement Agent shall have no authority to bind the Company with respect
to any prospective offer to purchase Shares and the Company shall have the sole right to accept offers to purchase Shares and may reject
any such offer, in whole or in part. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of, the
Securities shall be made at one or more closings (each a “Closing” and the date on which each Closing occurs, a “Closing
Date”). As compensation for services rendered, on each Closing Date, the Company shall pay to the Placement Agent a cash fee
equal to 4.0% of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Securities at the closing of the Offering (the “Closing”).
(b) The
term of the Placement Agent's exclusive engagement will be until the completion of the Offering (the “Exclusive Term”);
provided, however, that a party hereto may terminate the engagement with respect to itself at any time upon 10 days written
notice to the other parties. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the provisions concerning confidentiality, indemnification
and contribution contained herein and the Company’s obligations contained in the indemnification provisions will survive any expiration
or termination of this Agreement, and the Company’s obligation to pay fees actually earned and payable and to reimburse expenses
actually incurred and reimbursable pursuant to Section 1 hereof and which are permitted to be reimbursed under FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(D),
will survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to limit the ability of the
Placement Agent or its Affiliates to pursue, investigate, analyze, invest in, or engage in investment banking, financial advisory or any
other business relationship with Persons (as defined below) other than the Company. As used herein (i) “Persons” means
an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company,
joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind and (ii) “Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”).
Section 2. Representations,
Warranties and Covenants of the Company. The Company hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the Placement Agent as of the date
hereof, and as of each Closing Date, as follows:
(a) Securities
Law Filings. The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) the Registration
Statement under the Securities Act, which was filed with the Commission on September 28, 2021 for the registration under the Securities
Act of the Securities, and which became automatically effective upon filing with the Commission on such date. Following the determination
of pricing among the Company and the prospective Investors introduced to the Company by Placement Agent, the Company will file with the
Commission pursuant to Rules 430A and 424(b) under the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations (the “Rules and
Regulations”) of the Commission promulgated thereunder, a final prospectus relating to the placement of the Securities, their
respective pricings and the plan of distribution thereof and will advise the Placement Agent of all further information (financial and
other) with respect to the Company required to be set forth therein. Such registration statement, at any given time, including the exhibits
thereto filed at such time, as amended at such time, is hereinafter called the “Registration Statement”; such prospectus
in the form in which it appears in the Registration Statement is hereinafter called the “Base Prospectus”; and the
amended or supplemented form of prospectus, in the form in which it will be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rules 430A and/or
424(b) (including the Base Prospectus as so amended or supplemented) is hereinafter called the “Prospectus Supplement.”
The Registration Statement at the time it originally becomes effective is hereinafter called the “Original Registration Statement.”
Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Original Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus
Supplement shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated Documents”),
if any, which were or are filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), at any
given time, as the case may be; and any reference in this Agreement to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement”
with respect to the Registration Statement, the Original Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement shall
be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the date of this Agreement, or the issue date
of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be, deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. All references
in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is “contained,” “included,”
“described,” “referenced,” “set forth” or “stated” in the Registration Statement, the
Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial
statements and schedules and other information which is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the
Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, as the case may be. The Company has not received any notice that the Commission has issued
or intends to issue a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus
Supplement or intends to commence a proceeding for any such purpose.
(b) Assurances.
The Original Registration Statement, as amended, (and any further documents to be filed with the Commission) contains all exhibits and
schedules as required by the Securities Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the time
it became effective, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations and did not
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein not misleading. The Base Prospectus, and the Prospectus Supplement, each as of its respective date, comply or will
comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the applicable Rules and Regulations. Each of the Base Prospectus and
the Prospectus Supplement, as amended or supplemented, did not and will not contain as of the date thereof any untrue statement of a material
fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading. The Incorporated Documents, when they were filed with the Commission, conformed in all material respects to
the requirements of the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and none of such documents,
when they were filed with the Commission, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements therein (with respect to Incorporated Documents incorporated by reference in the Base Prospectus or Prospectus
Supplement), in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. No post-effective amendment to the Registration
Statement reflecting any facts or events arising after the date thereof which represent, individually or in the aggregate, a fundamental
change in the information set forth therein is required to be filed with the Commission. Except for this Agreement, there are no documents
required to be filed with the Commission in connection with the transaction contemplated hereby that (x) have not been filed as required
pursuant to the Securities Act or (y) will not be filed within the requisite time period. Except for this Agreement, there are no
contracts or other documents required to be described in the Base Prospectus or Prospectus Supplement, or to be filed as exhibits or schedules
to the Registration Statement, which have not been described or filed as required.
(c) Offering
Materials. Neither the Company nor any of its directors and officers has distributed and none of them will distribute, prior to each
Closing Date, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities other than the Base Prospectus, the Prospectus
Supplement, the Registration Statement, copies of the documents incorporated by reference therein and any other materials permitted by
the Securities Act.
(d) Authorization;
Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and the Prospectus Supplement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and
delivery of each of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and under
the Prospectus Supplement have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required
by the Company, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board of Directors”) or the Company’s stockholders
in connection therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals (as defined below). This Agreement has been duly executed
by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company
enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights
generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies
and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
(e) No
Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated pursuant to
the Prospectus Supplement, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby to which it is a party do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s
certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute
a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon
any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration
or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing
a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property
or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result
in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority
to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property
or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could
not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(f) Certificates.
Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to the Placement Agent or to counsel for the Placement Agent
shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company to the Placement Agent as to the matters set forth therein.
(g) Reliance.
The Company acknowledges that the Placement Agent will rely upon the accuracy and truthfulness of the foregoing representations and
warranties and hereby consents to such reliance.
(h) Forward-Looking
Statements. No forward-looking statements (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the
Exchange Act) contained in either the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement has been made or reaffirmed
without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.
(i) Statistical
or Market-Related Data. Any statistical, industry-related and market-related data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration
Statement, the Base Prospectus or the Prospectus Supplement, are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably and in good
faith believes to be reliable and accurate, and such data agree with the sources from which they are derived.
(j) FINRA
Affiliations. There are no affiliations with any FINRA member firm among the Company’s officers, directors or, to the knowledge
of the Company, any five percent (5%) or greater stockholder of the Company.
(k) Representations
and Warranties Incorporated by Reference. Each of the representations and warranties (together with any related disclosure schedules
thereto) made to the Investors in the Purchase Agreement is hereby incorporated herein by reference (as though fully restated herein)
and is hereby made to, and in favor of, the Placement Agent.
Section 3. Delivery
and Payment. Each Closing shall occur at the offices of the Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, 1345 Avenue of the Americas,
New York, New York 10105 (or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Placement Agent and the Company) (“Placement
Agent Counsel”). Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, at each Closing payment of the purchase price for the Securities
sold on such Closing Date shall be made by Federal Funds wire transfer, against delivery of such Securities, and such Securities shall
be registered in such name or names and shall be in such denominations, as the Placement Agent may request at least one business day before
the time of purchase (as defined below).
Deliveries of the documents
with respect to the purchase of the Securities, if any, shall be made at the offices of Placement Agent Counsel. All actions taken at
a Closing shall be deemed to have occurred simultaneously.
Section 4. Covenants
and Agreements of the Company. The Company further covenants and agrees with the Placement Agent as follows:
(a) Registration
Statement Matters. The Company will advise the Placement Agent promptly after it receives notice thereof of the time when any amendment
to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective or any supplement to any Prospectus Supplement or any amended Prospectus
Supplement has been filed and will furnish the Placement Agent with copies thereof. The Company will file promptly all reports and any
definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 14
or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of any Prospectus Supplement and for so long as the delivery of a prospectus
is required in connection with the Offering. The Company will advise the Placement Agent, promptly after it receives notice thereof (i) of
any request by the Commission to amend the Registration Statement or to amend or supplement any Prospectus Supplement or for additional
information, and (ii) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
or any post-effective amendment thereto or any order directed at any Incorporated Document, if any, or any amendment or supplement thereto
or any order preventing or suspending the use of the Base Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement or any amendment or supplement thereto
or any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, of the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or
sale in any jurisdiction, of the institution or threatened institution of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the
Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement or a Prospectus Supplement or for additional information. The
Company shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or prevention or suspension of such use. If the
Commission shall enter any such stop order or order or notice of prevention or suspension at any time, the Company will use its best efforts
to obtain the lifting of such order at the earliest possible moment, or will file a new registration statement and use its best efforts
to have such new registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable. Additionally, the Company agrees that it shall
comply with the provisions of Rules 424(b), 430A, 430B and 430C, as applicable, under the Securities Act, including with respect
to the timely filing of documents thereunder, and will use its reasonable efforts to confirm that any filings made by the Company under
such Rule 424(b) are received in a timely manner by the Commission.
(b) Blue
Sky Compliance. The Company will cooperate with the Placement Agent and the Investors in endeavoring to qualify the Securities for
sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions (United States and foreign) as the Placement Agent and the Investors may reasonably
request and will make such applications, file such documents, and furnish such information as may be reasonably required for that purpose,
provided the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in any
jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or required to file such a consent, and provided further that the Company shall not be required
to produce any new disclosure document other than a Prospectus Supplement. The Company will, from time to time, prepare and file such
statements, reports and other documents as are or may be required to continue such qualifications in effect for so long a period as the
Placement Agent may reasonably request for distribution of the Securities. The Company will advise the Placement Agent promptly of the
suspension of the qualification or registration of (or any such exemption relating to) the Securities for offering, sale or trading in
any jurisdiction or any initiation or threat of any proceeding for any such purpose, and in the event of the issuance of any order suspending
such qualification, registration or exemption, the Company shall use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal thereof at the earliest
possible moment.
(c) Amendments
and Supplements to a Prospectus Supplement and Other Matters. The Company will comply with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act,
and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Securities
as contemplated in this Agreement, the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus Supplement. If during the period in which a prospectus
is required by law to be delivered in connection with the distribution of Securities contemplated by the Incorporated Documents or any
Prospectus Supplement (the “Prospectus Delivery Period”), any event shall occur as a result of which, in the judgment
of the Company or in the opinion of the Placement Agent or counsel for the Placement Agent, it becomes necessary to amend or supplement
the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus Supplement in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under
which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or if it is necessary at any time to amend or supplement the Incorporated Documents
or any Prospectus Supplement or to file under the Exchange Act any Incorporated Document to comply with any law, the Company will promptly
prepare and file with the Commission, and furnish at its own expense to the Placement Agent and to dealers, an appropriate amendment to
the Registration Statement or supplement to the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus Supplement that is
necessary in order to make the statements in the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus Supplement as so amended or supplemented, in
the light of the circumstances under which they were made, as the case may be, not misleading, or so that the Registration Statement,
the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus Supplement, as so amended or supplemented, will comply with law. Before amending the Registration
Statement or supplementing the Incorporated Documents or any Prospectus Supplement in connection with the Offering, the Company will furnish
the Placement Agent with a copy of such proposed amendment or supplement and will not file any such amendment or supplement to which the
Placement Agent reasonably objects.
(d) Copies
of any Amendments and Supplements to a Prospectus Supplement. The Company will furnish the Placement Agent, without charge, during
the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the later of the last Closing Date of the Offering, as many copies of the Incorporated
Documents and any Prospectus Supplement and any amendments and supplements thereto (including any Incorporated Documents, if any) as the
Placement Agent may reasonably request.
(e) Free
Writing Prospectus. The Company covenants that it will not, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Placement Agent, make
any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute an Company Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a “free
writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) required to be filed by the Company with the Commission
or retained by the Company under Rule 433 of the Securities Act. In the event that the Placement Agent expressly consents in writing
to any such free writing prospectus (a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus”), the Company covenants that it shall (i) treat
each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Company Free Writing Prospectus, and (ii) comply with the requirements of Rule 164
and 433 of the Securities Act applicable to such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission,
legending and record keeping.
(f) Transfer
Agent. The Company will maintain, at its expense, a registrar and transfer agent for the Common Stock.
(g) Earnings
Statement. As soon as practicable and in accordance with applicable requirements under the Securities Act, but in any event not later
than 18 months after the last Closing Date, the Company will make generally available to its security holders and to the Placement Agent
an earnings statement, covering a period of at least 12 consecutive months beginning after the last Closing Date, that satisfies the provisions
of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 under the Securities Act.
(h) Periodic
Reporting Obligations. During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will duly file, on a timely basis, with the Commission and
the Trading Market all reports and documents required to be filed under the Exchange Act within the time periods and in the manner required
by the Exchange Act.
(i) Additional
Documents. The Company will enter into any subscription, purchase or other customary agreements as the Placement Agent or the
Investors deem necessary or appropriate to consummate the Offering, all of which will be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to
the Placement Agent and the Investors. The Company agrees that the Placement Agent may rely upon, and each is a third party beneficiary
of, the representations and warranties, and applicable covenants, set forth in any such purchase, subscription or other agreement with
Investors in the Offering.
(j) No
Manipulation of Price. The Company will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or result in,
or that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities
of the Company.
(k) Acknowledgment.
The Company acknowledges that any advice given by the Placement Agent to the Company is solely for the benefit and use of the Board of
Directors of the Company and may not be used, reproduced, disseminated, quoted or referred to, without the Placement Agent's prior written
consent.
Section 5. Conditions
of the Obligations of the Placement Agent. The obligations of the Placement Agent hereunder shall be subject to the accuracy of the
representations and warranties on the part of the Company set forth in Section 2 hereof, in each case as of the date hereof and as
of each Closing Date as though then made, to the timely performance by each of the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder
on and as of such dates, and to each of the following additional conditions:
(a) Accountants’
Comfort Letter. On the date hereof, the Placement Agent shall have received, and the Company shall have caused to be delivered to
the Placement Agent, a letter from KMJ Corbin & Company LLP (the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company),
addressed to the Placement Agent, dated as of the date hereof, in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent. The letter shall
not disclose any change in the condition (financial or other), earnings, operations, business or prospects of the Company from that set
forth in the Incorporated Documents or the applicable Prospectus Supplement, which, in the Placement Agent's sole judgment, is material
and adverse and that makes it, in the Placement Agent's sole judgment, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the Offering of the
Securities as contemplated by such Prospectus Supplement.
(b) Compliance
with Registration Requirements; No Stop Order; No Objection from the FINRA. Each Prospectus Supplement (in accordance with Rule 424(b))
and “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act), if any, shall have been duly filed
with the Commission, as appropriate; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall
have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; no order preventing or
suspending the use of any Prospectus Supplement shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or
threatened by the Commission; no order having the effect of ceasing or suspending the distribution of the Securities or any other securities
of the Company shall have been issued by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange and no proceedings
for that purpose shall have been instituted or shall be pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated by any securities commission,
securities regulatory authority or stock exchange; all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been
complied with; and the FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the placement terms and arrangements.
(c) Corporate
Proceedings. All corporate proceedings and other legal matters in connection with this Agreement, the Registration Statement and each
Prospectus Supplement, and the registration, sale and delivery of the Securities, shall have been completed or resolved in a manner reasonably
satisfactory to the Placement Agent's counsel, and such counsel shall have been furnished with such papers and information as it may reasonably
have requested to enable such counsel to pass upon the matters referred to in this Section 5.
(d) No
Material Adverse Change. Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to each Closing Date, in the Placement
Agent's sole judgment after consultation with the Company, there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Change or Material Adverse
Effect.
(e) Opinion
of Counsel for the Company. The Placement Agent shall have received on each Closing Date the favorable opinion of US legal counsel
to the Company, dated as of such Closing Date, including, without limitation, a negative assurance letter addressed to the Placement Agent
and in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agent.
(f) Officers’
Certificate. The Placement Agent shall have received on each Closing Date a certificate of the Company, dated as of such Closing Date,
signed by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, to the effect that, and the Placement Agent shall be
satisfied that, the signers of such certificate have reviewed the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents, any Prospectus Supplement,
and this Agreement and to the further effect that:
(i) The
representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct, as if made on and as of such Closing Date, and the
Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to
such Closing Date;
(ii) No
stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Base Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement has
been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened under
the Securities Act; no order having the effect of ceasing or suspending the distribution of the Securities or any other securities of
the Company has been issued by any securities commission, securities regulatory authority or stock exchange in the United States and no
proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated by any securities commission,
securities regulatory authority or stock exchange in the United States;
(iii) When
the Registration Statement became effective, at the time of sale, and at all times subsequent thereto up to the delivery of such certificate,
the Registration Statement and the Incorporated Documents, if any, when such documents became effective or were filed with the Commission,
contained all material information required to be included therein by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Commission thereunder, as the case may be, and in all material respects conformed to the requirements of the Securities
Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, as the case may be, and the Registration
Statement and the Incorporated Documents, if any, did not and do not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state
a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which
they were made, not misleading (provided, however, that the preceding representations and warranties contained in this paragraph (iii) shall
not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company
by the Placement Agent expressly for use therein) and, since the effective date of the Registration Statement, there has occurred no event
required by the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder to be set forth in the Incorporated Documents
which has not been so set forth; and
(iv) Subsequent
to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Incorporated Documents and any Prospectus
Supplement, there has not been: (a) any Material Adverse Change; (b) any transaction that is material to the Company and the
Subsidiaries taken as a whole, except transactions entered into in the ordinary course of business; (c) any obligation, direct or
contingent, that is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, incurred by the Company or any Subsidiary, except obligations
incurred in the ordinary course of business; (d) any material change in the capital stock (except changes thereto resulting from
the exercise of outstanding stock options or warrants) or outstanding indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary; (e) any dividend
or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company; or (f) any loss or damage (whether or not
insured) to the property of the Company or any Subsidiary which has been sustained or will have been sustained which has a Material Adverse
Effect.
(g) Bring-down
Comfort Letter. On each Closing Date, the Placement Agent shall have received from KMJ Corbin & Company
LLP, or such other independent registered public accounting firm of the Company, a letter dated as of such Closing Date, in form and substance
satisfactory to the Placement Agent, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (a) of
this Section 5, except that the specified date referred to therein for the carrying out of procedures shall be no more than three
business days prior to such Closing Date.
(h) Lock-Up
Agreements. On the date hereof, the Placement Agent shall have received the executed lock-up agreement, in the form attached hereto
as Exhibit A, from each of the directors and officers of the Company
(i) Stock
Exchange Listing. The Common Stock shall be registered under the Exchange Act and shall be listed on the Trading Market, and the Company
shall not have taken any action designed to terminate, or likely to have the effect of terminating, the registration of the Common
Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting or suspending from trading the Common Stock from the Trading Market, nor shall the Company have
received any information suggesting that the Commission or the Trading Market is contemplating terminating such registration or listing.
(j) Additional
Documents. On or before each Closing Date, the Placement Agent and counsel for the Placement Agent shall have received such information
and documents as they may reasonably require for the purposes of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as
contemplated herein, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations and warranties, or the satisfaction of any of
the conditions or agreements, herein contained.
If any condition specified
in this Section 5 is not satisfied when and as required to be satisfied, this Agreement may be terminated by the Placement Agent
by notice to the Company at any time on or prior to a Closing Date, which termination shall be without liability on the part of any party
to any other party, except that Section 6 (Payment of Expenses), Section 7 (Indemnification and Contribution) and Section 8
(Representations and Indemnities to Survive Delivery) shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination.
Section 6. Payment
of Expenses. The Company agrees to pay all costs, fees and expenses incurred by the Company in connection with the performance of
its obligations hereunder and in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation: (i) all expenses
incident to the issuance, delivery and qualification of the Securities (including all printing and engraving costs); (ii) all fees
and expenses of the registrar and transfer agent of the Common Stock; (iii) all necessary issue, transfer and other stamp taxes in
connection with the issuance and sale of the Securities; (iv) all fees and expenses of the Company’s counsel, independent public
or certified public accountants and other advisors; (v) all costs and expenses incurred in connection with the preparation, printing,
filing, shipping and distribution of the Registration Statement (including financial statements, exhibits, schedules, consents and certificates
of experts), the Base Prospectus and each Prospectus Supplement, and all amendments and supplements thereto, and this Agreement; (vi) all
filing fees, reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred by the Company or the Placement Agent in connection with qualifying
or registering (or obtaining exemptions from the qualification or registration of) all or any part of the Securities for offer and sale
under the state securities or blue sky laws or the securities laws of any other country, and, if requested by the Placement Agent, preparing
and printing a “Blue Sky Survey,” an “International Blue Sky Survey” or other memorandum, and any
supplements thereto, advising the Placement Agent of such qualifications, registrations and exemptions; (vii) if applicable, the
filing fees incident to the review and approval by the FINRA of the Placement Agent's participation in the offering and distribution of
the Securities; (viii) the fees and expenses associated with including the Securities on the Trading Market; (ix) all costs
and expenses incident to the travel and accommodation of the Company’s and the Placement Agent's employees on the “roadshow,”
if any; and (x) all other fees, costs and expenses referred to in Part II of the Registration Statement.
Section 7. Indemnification
and Contribution.
(a) The Company
agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Placement Agent, its affiliates and each person controlling the Placement Agent (within the
meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act), and the directors, officers, agents and employees of the Placement Agent, its affiliates
and each such controlling person (the Placement Agent, and each such entity or person. an “Indemnified Person”) from
and against any losses, claims, damages, judgments, assessments, costs and other liabilities (collectively, the “Liabilities”),
and shall reimburse each Indemnified Person for all fees and expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel for all
Indemnified Persons, except as otherwise expressly provided herein) (collectively, the “Expenses”) as they are incurred
by an Indemnified Person in investigating, preparing, pursuing or defending any Actions, whether or not any Indemnified Person is a party
thereto, (i) caused by, or arising out of or in connection with, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in any Incorporated Document or by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (other than untrue statements or alleged untrue statements
in, or omissions or alleged omissions from, information relating to an Indemnified Person furnished in writing by or on behalf of such
Indemnified Person expressly for use in the Incorporated Documents) or (ii) otherwise arising out of or in connection with advice
or services rendered or to be rendered by any Indemnified Person pursuant to this Agreement, the transactions contemplated thereby or
any Indemnified Person's actions or inactions in connection with any such advice, services or transactions; provided, however,
that, in the case of clause (ii) only, the Company shall not be responsible for any Liabilities or Expenses of any Indemnified Person
that are finally judicially determined to have resulted solely from such Indemnified Person's (x) gross negligence or willful misconduct
in connection with any of the advice, actions, inactions or services referred to above or (y) use of any offering materials or information
concerning the Company in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities in the Offering which were not authorized for such use by
the Company and which use constitutes gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Company also agrees to reimburse each Indemnified Person
for all Expenses as they are incurred in connection with enforcing such Indemnified Person's rights under this Agreement.
(b) Upon
receipt by an Indemnified Person of actual notice of an Action against such Indemnified Person with respect to which indemnity may be
sought under this Agreement, such Indemnified Person shall promptly notify the Company in writing; provided that failure by any Indemnified
Person so to notify the Company shall not relieve the Company from any liability which the Company may have on account of this indemnity
or otherwise to such Indemnified Person, except to the extent the Company shall have been prejudiced by such failure. The Company shall,
if requested by the Placement Agent, assume the defense of any such Action including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory
to the Placement Agent, which counsel may also be counsel to the Company. Any Indemnified Person shall have the right to employ separate
counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of
such Indemnified Person unless: (i) the Company has failed promptly to assume the defense and employ counsel or (ii) the named
parties to any such Action (including any impeded parties) include such Indemnified Person and the Company, and such Indemnified Person
shall have been advised in the reasonable opinion of counsel that there is an actual conflict of interest that prevents the counsel selected
by the Company from representing both the Company (or another client of such counsel) and any Indemnified Person; provided that the Company
shall not in such event be responsible hereunder for the fees and expenses of more than one firm of separate counsel for all Indemnified
Persons in connection with any Action or related Actions, in addition to any local counsel. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement
of any Action effected without its written consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld). In addition, the Company shall not, without
the prior written consent of the Placement Agent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld), settle, compromise or consent to the entry
of any judgment in or otherwise seek to terminate any pending or threatened Action in respect of which indemnification or contribution
may be sought hereunder (whether or not such Indemnified Person is a party thereto) unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination
includes an unconditional release of each Indemnified Person from all Liabilities arising out of such Action for which indemnification
or contribution may be sought hereunder. The indemnification required hereby shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof
during the course of the investigation or defense, as such expense, loss, damage or liability is incurred and is due and payable.
(c) In
the event that the foregoing indemnity is unavailable to an Indemnified Person other than in accordance with this Agreement, the Company
shall contribute to the Liabilities and Expenses paid or payable by such Indemnified Person in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect
(i) the relative benefits to the Company, on the one hand, and to the Placement Agent and any other Indemnified Person, on the other
hand, of the matters contemplated by this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by the immediately preceding clause is not
permitted by applicable law, not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Placement
Agent and any other Indemnified Person, on the other hand, in connection with the matters as to which such Liabilities or Expenses relate,
as well as any other relevant equitable considerations; provided that in no event shall the Company contribute less than the amount necessary
to ensure that all Indemnified Persons, in the aggregate, are not liable for any Liabilities and Expenses in excess of the amount of fees
actually received by the Placement Agent pursuant to this Agreement. For purposes of this paragraph, the relative benefits to the Company,
on the one hand, and to the Placement Agent on the other hand, of the matters contemplated by this Agreement shall be deemed to be in
the same proportion as (a) the total value paid or contemplated to be paid to or received or contemplated to be received by the Company
in the transaction or transactions that are within the scope of this Agreement, whether or not any such transaction is consummated, bears
to (b) the fees paid to the Placement Agent under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the above, no person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation
within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act, as amended, shall be entitled to contribution from a party who was
not guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation.
(d) The
Company also agrees that no Indemnified Person shall have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract or tort or otherwise)
to the Company for or in connection with advice or services rendered or to be rendered by any Indemnified Person pursuant to this Agreement,
the transactions contemplated thereby or any Indemnified Person's actions or inactions in connection with any such advice, services or
transactions except for Liabilities (and related Expenses) of the Company that are finally judicially determined to have resulted solely
from such Indemnified Person's gross negligence or willful misconduct in connection with any such advice, actions, inactions or services.
(e) The
reimbursement, indemnity and contribution obligations of the Company set forth herein shall apply to any modification of this Agreement
and shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any termination of, or the completion of any Indemnified Person's services under
or in connection with, this Agreement.
Section 8. Representations
and Indemnities to Survive Delivery. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the
Company or any person controlling the Company, of its officers, and of the Placement Agent set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement
will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Placement Agent, the Company, or any
of its or their partners, officers or directors or any controlling person, as the case may be, and will survive delivery of and payment
for the Securities sold hereunder and any termination of this Agreement. A successor to a Placement Agent, or to the Company, its directors
or officers or any person controlling the Company, shall be entitled to the benefits of the indemnity, contribution and reimbursement
agreements contained in this Agreement.
Section 9. Notices.
All communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed, hand delivered or e-mailed and confirmed to the parties hereto as
follows:
If to the Placement Agent to the address set forth
above, attention: Aaron Gurewitz, email: rothecm@roth.com.
With a copy to:
Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP
1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor
New York, New York 10105
Email:
Attention: Charles Phillips
If to the Company:
Netlist, Inc.
111 Academy, Suite 100
Irvine, CA 92617
E-Mail:
Fax:
With a copy to:
Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo,
P.C.
3580 Carmel Mountain Road
San Diego, CA 92130
Email:
Attention: Scott Stanton
Any party hereto may change
the address for receipt of communications by giving written notice to the others.
Section 10. Successors.
This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto, and to the benefit of the employees, officers and
directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 7 hereof, and to their respective successors, and personal representative,
and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.
Section 11. Partial
Unenforceability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not affect the
validity or enforceability of any other section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement
is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and only such minor
changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable.
Section 12. Governing
Law Provisions. This Agreement shall be deemed to have been made and delivered in New York City and both this engagement letter and
the transactions contemplated hereby shall be governed as to validity, interpretation, construction, effect and in all other respects
by the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof. Each of the Placement Agent
and the Company: (i) agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this engagement letter and/or
the transactions contemplated hereby shall be instituted exclusively in New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York, (ii) waives any objection which it may have or hereafter to the venue of any
such suit, action or proceeding, and (iii) irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of the New York Supreme Court, County of New
York, and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in any such suit, action or proceeding. Each of the Placement
Agent and the Company further agrees to accept and acknowledge service of any and all process which may be served in any such suit, action
or proceeding in the New York Supreme Court, County of New York, or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New
York and agrees that service of process upon the Company mailed by certified mail to the Company’s address shall be deemed in every
respect effective service of process upon the Company, in any such suit, action or proceeding, and service of process upon the Placement
Agent mailed by certified mail to the Placement Agent’s address shall be deemed in every respect effective service process upon
the Placement Agent, in any such suit, action or proceeding. Notwithstanding any provision of this engagement letter to the contrary,
the Company agrees that neither the Placement Agent nor its affiliates, and the respective officers, directors, employees, agents and
representatives of the Placement Agent, its affiliates and each other person, if any, controlling the Placement Agent or any of its affiliates,
shall have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract or tort or otherwise) to the Company for or in connection with the engagement
and transaction described herein except for any such liability for losses, claims, damages or liabilities incurred by us that are finally
judicially determined to have resulted from the bad faith or gross negligence of such individuals or entities. If either party shall commence
an action or proceeding to enforce any provision of this Agreement, then the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed
by the other party for its reasonable attorney’s fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation
and prosecution of such action or proceeding.
Section 13. General
Provisions.
(a) This
Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the parties to this Agreement and supersedes all prior written or oral and all contemporaneous
oral agreements, understandings and negotiations with respect to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may be executed in two or more
counterparts, each one of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same
instrument. This Agreement may not be amended or modified unless in writing by all of the parties hereto, and no condition herein (express
or implied) may be waived unless waived in writing by each party whom the condition is meant to benefit. Section headings herein
are for the convenience of the parties only and shall not affect the construction or interpretation of this Agreement.
(b) The
Company acknowledges that in connection with the offering of the Securities: (i) the Placement Agent has acted at arms length, are
not agents of, and owe no fiduciary duties to the Company or any other person, (ii) the Placement Agent owes the Company only those
duties and obligations set forth in this Agreement and (iii) the Placement Agent may have interests that differ from those of the
Company. The Company waives to the full extent permitted by applicable law any claims it may have against the Placement Agent arising
from an alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the offering of the Securities
[The remainder of this page has been intentionally
left blank.]
If the foregoing is in accordance
with your understanding of our agreement, please sign below whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts hereof, shall become
a binding agreement in accordance with its terms.
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Very truly yours, |
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netlist,
inc., |
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a Delaware corporation |
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By: |
/s/ Gail Sasaki |
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Gail Sasaki, Chief Financial Officer |
The foregoing Placement Agency
Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written.
ROTH CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC |
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By: |
/s/ Aaron M. Gurewitz |
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Name: Aaron M. Gurewitz |
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Title: Head of Equity Capital Markets |
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Exhibit A
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
(see attached)
Exhibit 10.3
LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
August 14, 2023
| Re: | Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 14, 2023 (the “Purchase Agreement”),
between Netlist, Inc. (the “Company”) and the purchasers signatory thereto (each, a “Purchaser”
and, collectively, the “Purchasers”) |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Defined terms not
otherwise defined in this letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase
Agreement. Pursuant to Section 2.2(a) of the Purchase Agreement and in satisfaction of a condition of the Company’s obligations
under the Purchase Agreement, the undersigned irrevocably agrees with the Company that, from the date hereof until 90 after the Closing
Date (such period, the “Restriction Period”) the undersigned will not offer, sell, contract to sell, hypothecate, pledge
or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction which is designed to, or might reasonably be expected to, result in the disposition
(whether by actual disposition or effective economic disposition due to cash settlement or otherwise) by the undersigned or any Affiliate
of the undersigned or any person in privity with the undersigned or any Affiliate of the undersigned), directly or indirectly, or establish
or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), with respect to, any shares of Common Stock of the Company or
securities convertible, exchangeable or exercisable into, shares of Common Stock of the Company beneficially owned, held or hereafter
acquired by the undersigned (the “Securities”). Beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section
13(d) of the Exchange Act.
Notwithstanding
the foregoing, and subject to the conditions below, the undersigned may transfer the Securities provided that (1) the Company receives
a signed lock-up letter agreement (in the form of this Letter Agreement) for the balance of the Restriction Period from each donee, trustee,
distributee, or transferee, as the case may be, prior to such transfer, (2) any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for
value, (3) except with respect to subparagraph vii) below, such transfer is not required to be reported with the Securities and Exchange
Commission in accordance with the Exchange Act and no report of such transfer shall be made voluntarily, and (4) neither the undersigned
nor any donee, trustee, distributee or transferee, as the case may be, otherwise voluntarily effects any public filing or report regarding
such transfers, with respect to transfer:
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i) |
as a bona fide gift or gifts; |
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ii) |
to any immediate family member or to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or the immediate family of the undersigned (for purposes of this Letter Agreement, “immediate family” shall mean any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin); |
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iii) |
to any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, or other business entity all of the equity holders of which consist of the undersigned and/or the immediate family of the undersigned; |
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iv) |
if the undersigned is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity (a) to another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business entity that is an Affiliate of the undersigned or (b) in the form of a distribution to limited partners, limited liability company members or stockholders of the undersigned; |
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v) |
if the undersigned is a trust, to the beneficiary of such trust; |
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vi) |
by will, other testamentary document or intestate succession to the legal representative, heir, beneficiary or a member of the immediate family of the undersigned; |
| vii) | sales, forfeitures, withholdings or transfers pursuant to a
net exercise of Securities to cover the payment of the exercise prices or the payment or withholding of taxes associated with the exercise
or vesting of equity awards under any equity compensation plan of the Company, provided that any public filing for such transaction indicates
in the requisite footnotes the nature of such transactions; or |
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viii) |
of securities purchased in open market transactions after the Closing Date. |
In addition, notwithstanding
the foregoing, this Letter Agreement shall not restrict the delivery of shares of Common Stock to the undersigned upon (i) exercise any
options granted under any employee benefit plan of the Company; provided that any shares of Common Stock or Securities acquired in connection
with any such exercise will be subject to the restrictions set forth in this Letter Agreement, or (ii) the exercise of warrants; provided
that such shares of Common Stock delivered to the undersigned in connection with such exercise are subject to the restrictions set forth
in this Letter Agreement.
Furthermore, the
undersigned may enter into any new plan established in compliance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act; provided that (i) such plan may
only be established if no public announcement is made in connection with the establishment of such plan during the Restriction Period
other than filings or disclosure as required by the Securities and Exchange Commission and (ii) no sale of shares of Common Stock are
made pursuant to such plan during the Restriction Period.
The undersigned
acknowledges that the execution, delivery and performance of this Letter Agreement is a material inducement to the Company to complete
the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and the Company shall be entitled to specific performance of the undersigned’s
obligations hereunder. The undersigned hereby represents that the undersigned has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform
this Letter Agreement, that the undersigned has received adequate consideration therefor and that the undersigned will indirectly benefit
from the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement.
This Letter Agreement may
not be amended or otherwise modified in any respect without the written consent of each of the Company and the undersigned. This Letter
Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the principles of conflict
of laws. The undersigned hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court sitting in the Southern
District of New York and the courts of the State of New York located in Manhattan, for the purposes of any suit, action or proceeding
arising out of or relating to this Letter Agreement, and hereby waives, and agrees not to assert in any such suit, action or proceeding,
any claim that (i) it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such court, (ii) the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an
inconvenient forum, or (iii) the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper. The undersigned hereby irrevocably waives personal
service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by receiving a copy thereof sent to the
Company at the address in effect for notices to it under the Purchase Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and
sufficient service of process and notice thereof. The undersigned hereby waives any right to a trial by jury. Nothing contained herein
shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. The undersigned agrees and understands
that this Letter Agreement does not intend to create any relationship between the undersigned and any Purchaser and that no Purchaser
is entitled to cast any votes on the matters herein contemplated and that no issuance or sale of the Securities is created or intended
by virtue of this Letter Agreement.
This Letter Agreement shall
be binding on successors and assigns of the undersigned with respect to the Securities and any such successor or assign shall enter into
a similar agreement for the benefit of the Company. This Letter Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their
respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person.
*** SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS***
This Letter Agreement may
be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together may be considered one and the same agreement.
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Signature |
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Print Name |
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Position in Company, if any |
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Address for Notice: |
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By signing below, the Company
agrees to enforce the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Letter Agreement.
NETLIST, INC. |
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By: |
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Name: |
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Title: |
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Exhibit 99.1
![Netlist logo (PRNewsFoto|Netlist, Inc.) (PRNewsfoto|Netlist, Inc.)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1282631/000110465923092017/tm2323803d2_ex99-1img001.jpg)
Netlist Announces $30
Million Registered Direct Offering
IRVINE, CALIFORNIA,
August 15, 2023 - Netlist, Inc. (OTCQB: NLST), a pioneer in high performance memory technology, today announced that it has entered
into a definitive agreement for the purchase and sale of an aggregate of 11,111,112 shares of its common stock and warrants to purchase
11,111,112 shares of common stock in a registered direct offering. The shares of common stock are being sold at a purchase price of $2.70
per share. For each share of common stock purchased, the purchaser will receive a warrant to purchase one share of common stock. These
common stock warrants will have an exercise price of $3.20 per share, are immediately exercisable and will expire five years following
the date of issuance. The offering is expected to close on or about August 17, 2023, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing
conditions.
Roth Capital Partners
is acting as the exclusive placement agent for the offering.
The gross proceeds from
the offering to the Company are expected to be approximately $30 million, before deducting placement agent’s fees and other offering
expense payable by the Company. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, including
working capital.
A shelf registration
statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-259838) relating to the securities being offered was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(the “SEC”) and automatically declared effective on September 28, 2021. The offering is being made only by means of a prospectus
supplement and accompanying prospectus that form a part of the shelf registration statement. The final prospectus supplement and accompanying
prospectus relating to the offering will be filed with the SEC and will be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Electronic copies of the final prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus relating to the offering, when filed, may be obtained
on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or by contacting Roth Capital Partners, LLC, 888 San Clemente Drive, Newport Beach, CA
92660 or by email at rothecm@roth.com.
This press release shall
not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy these securities, nor shall there be any sale of these securities
in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful, prior to registration or qualification under
the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.
About Netlist
Netlist is a leading innovator in memory and storage solutions, pushing
the boundaries of technology to deliver unparalleled performance and reliability. With a rich portfolio of patented technologies, Netlist
has consistently driven innovation in the field of cutting-edge enterprise memory and storage, empowering businesses and industries to
thrive in the digital age. To learn more about Netlist, please visit www.netlist.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
This news release contains forward-looking
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are statements other
than historical facts and often address future events or Netlist's future performance. Forward-looking statements contained in this news
release include statements about Netlist’s intended use of the net proceeds from the offering. All forward-looking statements reflect
management's present expectations regarding future events and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors
that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by any forward-looking statements. These risks,
uncertainties and other factors include, among others: the risk that the closing may not occur or may not occur in the timing expected,
risks that Samsung will appeal the jury verdict, which could cause a lengthy delay in Netlist's ability to collect the damage award or
overturn the verdict or reduce the damages award; risks related to Netlist's plans for its intellectual property, including its strategies
for monetizing, licensing, expanding, and defending its patent portfolio; risks associated with patent infringement litigation initiated
by Netlist, or by others against Netlist, as well as the costs and unpredictability of any such litigation; risks associated with Netlist's
product sales, including the market and demand for products sold by Netlist and its ability to successfully develop and launch new products
that are attractive to the market; the success of product, joint development and licensing partnerships; the competitive landscape of
Netlist's industry; and general economic, political and market conditions, including quarantines, factory slowdowns and/or shutdowns.
The military conflict between Russia and Ukraine may increase the likelihood of supply interruptions. All forward-looking statements reflect
management's present assumptions, expectations and beliefs regarding future events and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties
and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by any forward-looking statements.
These and other risks and uncertainties are described in Netlist's annual report on Form 10-K for its most recently completed fiscal year
filed on February 28, 2023, and the other filings it makes with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time, including
any subsequently filed quarterly and current reports. In light of these risks, uncertainties and other factors, these forward-looking
statements should not be relied on as predictions of future events. These forward-looking statements represent Netlist's assumptions,
expectations and beliefs only as of the date they are made, and except as required by law, Netlist undertakes no obligation to revise
or update any forward-looking statements for any reason.
For more information, please contact:
Investors/Media
The Plunkett Group
Mike Smargiassi
NLST@theplunkettgroup.com
(212) 739-6729
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- DefinitionIndicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.
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- DefinitionCommission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.
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- DefinitionTwo-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.
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- DefinitionThe exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.
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- DefinitionThe Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.
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- DefinitionBoolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.
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- DefinitionTitle of a 12(b) registered security.
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- DefinitionBoolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.
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