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Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 1384, 4º andar, parte A
São Paulo, SP, 01451-001, Brazil
(Address of principal executive offices)

Title of each class:

Trading Symbol(s):

Name of each exchange on which registered:

Class A common shares, par value US$0.000025

PAGS

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

U.S. GAAP ☐    International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ☑    Other ☐

			Page
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS			1
CERTAIN TERMS AND CONVENTIONS			2
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION			2
Item 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS			5
Item 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE			5
Item 3. KEY INFORMATION			5
Item 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY			44
Item 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS			98
Item 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS			98
Item 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES			122
Item 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS			130
Item 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION			135
Item 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING			137
Item 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION			138
Item 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK			158
Item 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES			159
Item 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES			159
Item 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS			159
Item 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES			160
Item 16. [RESERVED]			161
Item 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT			161
Item 16B. CODE OF ETHICS			161
Item 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES			162
Item 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES			162
Item 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS			162
Item 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT			163
Item 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE			163
Item 16H. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE			164
Item 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS			164
Item 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS			164
Item 19. EXHIBITS			165
GLOSSARY OF TERMS			170
SIGNATURES			173

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This annual report contains information that constitutes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, from time to time we or our representatives have made or may make forward-looking statements orally or in writing. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements may be included in various filings that we make with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, or press releases or oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our authorized executive officers. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements.

This annual report includes estimates and forward-looking statements, principally under the captions “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors, “Item 4. Information on the Company,” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.”

These estimates and forward-looking statements are based mainly on our current expectations and estimates of future events and trends that affect or may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, liquidity, prospects and the trading price of our Class A common shares. Although we believe that these estimates and forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, they are subject to many significant risks, uncertainties and assumptions and are made in light of information currently available to us.

•the inherent risks related to the digital payments market, such as the interruption, failure or cybersecurity related incident involving our computer or information technology systems;

•our ability to innovate and respond to technological advances and changing customer demands;

•the maintenance of tax incentives;

•our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;

•general economic, political and business conditions in Brazil, particularly in the geographic markets we serve as well as any other countries we may serve in the future and their impact on our business, notably with respect to inflation;

•labor disputes, employee strikes and other labor-related disruptions, including in connection with negotiations with unions;

•management’s expectations and estimates concerning our future financial performance and financing plans and programs;

•our interest rates and our level of debt and other fixed obligations;

•inflation, appreciation, depreciation and devaluation of the real;

•expenses, ability to generate cash flow, and ability to achieve, and maintain, future profitability;

•our ability to anticipate market needs and develop and introduce new and enhanced products and service functionality to adapt to changes in our industry;

•our anticipated growth and growth strategies and our ability to effectively manage that growth;

•the impact of increased competition in our market, innovation by our competitors, and our ability to compete effectively;

•our ability to successfully enter new markets and manage our expansion;

•our ability to further penetrate our existing client base to grow our ecosystem;

•our expectations concerning relationships with third parties and key suppliers;

•our ability to maintain, protect and enhance our brand and intellectual property;

•the sufficiency of our cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements;

•our compliance with applicable regulatory and legislative developments and regulations and legislation that currently apply or become applicable to our business;

•the economic, financial, political and social effects of the novel coronavirus, or COVID-19 pandemic, including new or variant strains, or other pandemics, epidemics and similar crises, particularly in Brazil, and the extent to which they continue to cause serious negative macroeconomic effects, thus enhancing the risks described under “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors;”

•developments and the perception of risks in connection with ongoing corruption and other investigations and increasing fractious relations and infighting within the administration of President Bolsonaro, including the upcoming presidential elections to occur in October 2022, as well as policies and potential changes to address these matters or otherwise, including economic and fiscal reforms and in response to the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, any of which may negatively affect growth prospects in the Brazilian economy as a whole;

•our ability to timely and efficiently implement any necessary measures in response to, or to mitigate the impacts of, the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, operations, cash flows, prospects, liquidity and financial condition;

•the impact of the ongoing war in Ukraine and the economic sanctions imposed on Russia, and the resulting volatility and consequences for the global economy, which remain highly uncertain and difficult to predict;

•our ability to predict and efficiently react to the temporary or long-term term changes in our customers’ behavior as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, even once the outbreak is sufficiently controlled;

•other factors that may affect our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations; and

•other risk factors discussed under “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors.”

The words “believe,” “understand,” “may,” “will,” “aim,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “seek,” “intend,” “expect,” “should,” “could,” “forecast” and similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on such statements, which speak only as of the date they were made. We do not undertake any obligation to update publicly or to revise any forward-looking statements after we file this annual report because of new information, future events or other factors. Our independent public auditors have neither examined nor compiled the forward-looking statements and, accordingly, do not provide any assurance with respect to such statements. In light of the risks and uncertainties described above, the future events and circumstances discussed in this annual report might not occur and are not guarantees of future performance. Because of these uncertainties, you should not make any investment decision based upon these estimates and forward-looking statements.

CERTAIN TERMS AND CONVENTIONS

For a glossary of industry and other defined terms included in this annual report, see “Glossary of Terms” included elsewhere in this annual report.

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION

The following references in this annual report have the meanings shown below:

•“PagSeguro Digital” or the “Company” mean PagSeguro Digital Ltd., an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands.

•“PagSeguro Brazil” means PagSeguro Internet Instituição de Pagamento S.A., our primary operating company, a sociedade anônima incorporated in Brazil. PagSeguro Brazil is substantially wholly owned by PagSeguro Digital Ltd.

•“PagBank Holding” or “PagBank Participações” means PagBank Participações Ltda., a holding company incorporated in Brazil, which is wholly owned by PagSeguro Brazil.

•“We,” “us” and “our” mean PagSeguro Digital, PagSeguro Brazil and their respective subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

•“PagSeguro” means our digital payments business, which is operated by PagSeguro Brazil.

•“UOL” means Universo Online S.A., the controlling shareholder, of PagSeguro Digital. For more information regarding UOL, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”

•“Brazilian government” means the federal government of Brazil.

•All references to the “Companies Act” are to the Cayman Islands Companies Act (2022 Revision) as the same may be amended from time to time, unless the context otherwise requires.

•All references to the “Memorandum of Association” “Articles of Association” and “Memorandum and Articles of Association” of the Company are references to the current amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company, as the same may be amended in accordance with the Companies Act from time to time.

The term “Brazil” refers to the Federative Republic of Brazil. “Central Bank” refers to Banco Central do Brasil. References in this annual report to “real,” “reais” or “R$” refer to the Brazilian real, the official currency of Brazil and references to “U.S. dollar,” “U.S. dollars” or “US$” refer to U.S. dollars, the official currency of the United States.

This annual report contains various illustrations of our products and services. For convenience, we have translated the text in those illustrations into English. The actual products and services are generally presented to our customers in Portuguese only.

Certain amounts and percentages included in this annual report, including in the section of this annual report entitled “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” have been rounded for ease of presentation. Percentage figures included in this annual report have not been calculated in all cases on the basis of the rounded figures but on the basis of the original amounts prior to rounding. For this reason, certain percentage amounts in this annual report may vary from those obtained by performing the same calculations using the figures in our audited consolidated financial statements. Certain other amounts that appear in this annual report may not sum due to rounding.

This annual report contains data related to economic conditions in the market in which we operate. The information contained in this annual report concerning economic conditions is based on publicly available information from third-party sources that we believe to be reasonable. Data and statistics regarding the Brazilian internet, payment solutions and e-commerce markets are based on publicly available data published by the Brazilian Association of Credit Card and Services Companies (Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Cartões de Crédito e Serviços, or ABECS); comScore, a cross-platform measurement company that measures audiences, brands and consumer behavior, and provides market and analytical data to clients; the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, or IBGE); the World Bank; SEBRAE; and eMarketer; among others. We also make statements in this annual report about our competitive position and the size of the Brazilian digital payments and e-commerce markets.

Although we have no reason to believe any of this information or these reports are inaccurate in any material respect and believe and act as if they are reliable, neither we nor our agents have independently verified it. Governmental publications and other market sources, including those referred to above, generally state that their information was obtained from recognized and reliable sources, but the accuracy and completeness of that information is not guaranteed. In addition, the data that we compile internally and our estimates have not been verified by an independent source. Except as disclosed in this annual report, none of the publications, reports or other published industry sources referred to in this annual report were commissioned by us or prepared at our request. Except as disclosed in this annual report, we have not sought or obtained the consent of any of these sources to include such market data in this annual report.

Scope

The legal basis for this notification is to meet the standards required in respect of, and ensure compliance with, the requirements of the Cayman Islands’ Data Protection Act (2021 Revision), or the DPA, which came into effect in the Cayman Islands on September 30, 2019. This privacy notice puts investors in our Class A common shares on notice that through your investment in our Class A common shares, you will provide us with certain personal information which constitutes personal data within the meaning of the personal data, or DPA. We collect, use, disclose, retain and secure personal data to the extent reasonably required only and within the parameters that could be reasonably expected during the normal course of business. We will only process, disclose, transfer or retain personal data to the extent legitimately required to conduct our activities on an ongoing basis or to comply with legal and regulatory obligations to which we are subject. We will only transfer personal data in accordance with the requirements of the DPA, and will apply appropriate technical and organizational information security measures designed to protect against unauthorized or unlawful processing of the personal data and against the accidental loss, destruction or damage to the personal data. In our use of this personal data, we will be characterized as a “data controller” for the purposes of the DPA, while our affiliates and service providers who may receive this personal data from us in the conduct of our activities may either act as our “data processors” for the purposes of the DPA or may process personal information for their own lawful purposes in connection with services provided to us.

If you are a natural person, this will affect you directly. If you are a corporate investor (including, for these purposes, legal arrangements such as trusts or exempted limited partnerships) that provides us with personal data on individuals connected to you for any reason in relation to your investment in our Class A common shares, this will be relevant for those individuals and you should inform such individuals of the content.

What rights do individuals have in respect of personal data

Under the DPA, individuals must be informed of the purposes for which their personal data is processed and this privacy notice fulfills our obligation in this respect.

Individuals have rights under the DPA in certain circumstances. These may include the right to request access to their personal data, the right to request rectification or correction of personal data, processing of personal data be stopped or restricted and the right to require that the Company cease processing personal data for direct marketing purposes. If you consider that your personal data has not been handled correctly, or you are not satisfied with our responses to any requests you have made regarding the use of your personal data, you have the right to complain to the Cayman Islands’ Ombudsman. The Ombudsman can be contacted by calling: +1-345-946-6283 or by email at info@ombudsman.ky.

Contacting PagSeguro Digital

For further information on the collection, use, disclosure, transfer or processing of your personal data or the exercise of any of the rights listed above, please contact our investor relations office at +55 (11) 3914-9524.

In order to comply with legislation or regulations aimed at the prevention of money laundering, the Company may be required to adopt and maintain anti-money laundering procedures, and may require subscribers to provide evidence to verify their identity. Where permitted, and subject to certain conditions, the Company may also delegate the maintenance of our anti-money laundering procedures (including the acquisition of due diligence information) to a suitable person.

The Company reserves the right to request such information as is necessary to verify the identity of a subscriber. In the event of delay or failure on the part of the subscriber in producing any information required for verification purposes, we may refuse to accept the application, in which case any funds received will be returned without interest to the account from which they were originally debited. In cases as these, after an internal analysis, the Company may include relevant the subscriber on a restricted list, and decline all future financial transactions involving that subscriber. According to Brazilian anti-money laundering laws, this information must be reported to the Brazilian Council for Financial Activities Control, or COAF.

The Company also reserves the right to refuse to make any redemption payment to a shareholder if directors or officers suspect or are advised that the payment of redemption proceeds to such shareholder might result in a breach of applicable anti-money laundering or other laws or regulations by any person in any relevant jurisdiction, or if such refusal is considered necessary or appropriate to ensure compliance with any such laws or regulations in any applicable jurisdiction.

If any person resident in the Cayman Islands knows or suspects or has reason for knowing or suspecting that another person is engaged in criminal conduct or money laundering, or is involved with terrorism or terrorist financing and property and the information for that knowledge or suspicion came to their attention in the course of their business in the regulated sector, or other trade, profession, business or employment, the person will be required to report such knowledge or suspicion to (i) a nominated officer (appointed in accordance with the Proceeds of Crime Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands) or the Financial Reporting Authority of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the Proceeds of Crime Act (As Revised), if the disclosure relates to criminal conduct or money laundering or (ii) to a police constable or a nominated officer (pursuant to the Terrorism Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands) or the Financial Reporting Authority of the Cayman Islands, pursuant to the Terrorism Act (As Revised), if the disclosure relates to involvement with terrorism or terrorist financing and terrorist property. Such a report shall not be treated as a breach of confidence or of any restriction upon the disclosure of information imposed by any enactment or otherwise.

The Cayman Islands enacted the International Tax Co-operation (Economic Substance) Act (As Revised), or the Cayman Economic Substance Act, in January 2019. The Company is required to comply with the Cayman Economic Substance Act and related regulations and guidelines. As the Company is a Cayman Islands company, compliance obligations include filing annual notifications for the Company, which need to state whether the Company is carrying out any relevant activities and if so, whether the Company has satisfied economic substance tests to the extent required under the Cayman Economic Substance Act and the filing of an annual return with the Department of International Tax Co-Operation. The Company may need to allocate additional resources and make changes to its operations in order to comply with all requirements under the Cayman Economic Substance Act. Failure to satisfy these requirements may subject the Company to penalties under the Cayman Economic Substance Act.

ITEM 3.    KEY INFORMATION

PagSeguro Digital Ltd., our Cayman Islands exempted company, was incorporated on July 19, 2017 for an indefinite term. Prior to the contribution of PagSeguro Internet S.A. to it on January 4, 2018, PagSeguro Digital Ltd. had not commenced operations and had only nominal assets and liabilities.

Following our IPO on January 26, 2018, PagSeguro Digital began reporting consolidated financial information to shareholders. The historical operations of PagSeguro Brazil are deemed to be those of PagSeguro Digital.

The following tables summarize financial data for PagSeguro Digital as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 and for the three years ended December 31, 2021. The financial data as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 and for each of the three years ended December 31, 2021 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere in this annual report, except for the December 31, 2019 balance sheet data which are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, not included elsewhere in this annual report.. The selected consolidated financial data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are derived from our year-end financial statements audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers Auditores Independentes Ltda., with offices at Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 3732, 16º andar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil 04538-132, Caixa Postal 60054. The selected consolidated financial data as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019 are derived from our year-end financial statements audited by Ernst & Young Auditores Independentes, not included in this annual report, with offices at São Paulo Corporate Towers, Avenida Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek, 1909, Torre Norte, São Paulo, SP, Brazil 04543-011. These audited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, or IASB. PagSeguro Digital maintains its books and records in reais.

You should read this information in conjunction with the following other information included elsewhere in this annual report:

•our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes; and

•the information under “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.”

The following tables present our selected financial and operating data as of and for each of the periods indicated.

			For the Years Ended December 31,
			2021						2021						2020						2019
			(US$)(1)						(R$)						(R$)						(R$)
			(in millions, except amounts per share and %)
Revenue from transaction activities and other services			1,215.8						6,784.8						4,508.7						3,376.1
Revenue from sales			—						—						—						174.2
Financial income			629.8						3,514.4						2,177.4						2,030.5
Other financial income			26.8						149.5						128.6						126.4
Total revenue and income			1,872.4						10,448.7						6,814.7						5,707.2
Cost of sales and services			(1,035.0)						(5,775.9)						(3,772.3)						(2,762.1)
Selling expenses			(273.1)						(1,523.9)						(617.5)						(565.2)
Administrative expenses			(157.3)						(877.6)						(563.9)						(427.4)
Financial expenses			(141.7)						(790.6)						(109.2)						(38.1)
Other income (expenses), net			1.3						7.3						22.9						(1.9)
Operating profit before Income Taxes			266.6						1,488.0						1,774.7						1,912.5
Current income tax and social contribution			(21.5)						(119.8)						(62.8)						(24.5)
Deferred income tax and social contribution			(36.2)						(201.9)						(419.6)						(521.0)
Income Tax and Social Contribution			(57.6)						(321.7)						(482.4)						(545.5)
Net Income for the Year			209.0						1,166.3						1,292.3						1,367.0
Attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent			209.0						1,166.1						1,291.7						1,365.6
Non-controlling interests			—						0.2						0.6						1.4
Basic earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the parent – R$			0.6326						3.5303						3.9225						4.1613
Diluted earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the parent – R$			0.6291						3.5105						3.9163						4.1475

(1)			For convenience purposes only, amounts in reais for the year ended December 31, 2021 have been translated to U.S. dollars using a rate of R$5.5805 to US$1.00, the commercial selling rate for U.S. dollars at December 31, 2021 as reported by the Central Bank. These translations should not be construed as representations that the U.S. dollar amounts have been, could have been or could be converted into reais at that or at any other exchange rate. The real/U.S. dollar exchange rate fluctuates widely, and the selling rate as of December 31, 2021 may not be indicative of current or future exchange rates.

OPERATING DATA

			At and For the Years Ended December 31,
			2021(1)						2021						2020						2019
Operating Statistics:
Active merchants at year-end (in millions)			N/A						7.7						7.0						5.3
TPV (in billions)			R$81.7						R$456.2						R$161.5						R$114.8
PagBank active users (in millions)			N/A						13.1						7.9						2.7

(1)			For convenience purposes only, amounts in reais for the year ended December 31, 2021 have been translated to U.S. dollars using a rate of R$5.5805 to US$1.00, the commercial selling rate for U.S. dollars at December 31, 2021 as reported by the Central Bank. These translations should not be construed as representations that the U.S. dollar amounts have been, could have been or could be converted into reais at that or at any other exchange rate. The real/U.S. dollar exchange rate fluctuates widely, and the selling rate as of December 31, 2021 may not be indicative of current or future exchange rates.

BALANCE SHEET DATA

The following table presents the line items from PagSeguro Digital’s consolidated balance sheet data:

			At December 31,
			2021						2021						2020						2019
			(US$)(1)						(R$)						(R$)						(R$)
			(in millions)
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents			321.5						1,794.4						1,640.1						1,403.9
Financial investments			140.2						782.6						979.8						1,349.7
Accounts receivable			4,198.3						23,428.5						16,043.0						10,477.2
Inventories			8.9						49.5						30.4						61.9
Taxes recoverable			84.1						469.5						389.0						171.6
Other receivables			34.9						194.8						164.8						84.1
Total Current Assets			4,788.0						26,719.3						19,247.1						13,548.4
Non-Current Assets
Judicial deposits			7.2						40.2						7.4						5.7
Accounts receivable			41.0						228.9						33.6						29.9
Other receivables			2.1						11.7						10.3						7.2
Investment			2.8						15.7						16.4						1.5
Deferred income tax and social contribution			21.6						120.8						83.3						—
Property and equipment			410.2						2,289.1						1,802.6						400.0
Intangible assets			295.7						1,650.2						1,123.6						589.6
Total Non-Current Assets			780.7						4,356.5						3,077.2						1,033.9
TOTAL ASSETS			5,568.6						31,075.8						22,324.3						14,582.3

			At December 31,
			2021						2021						2020						2019
			(US$)(1)						(R$)						(R$)						(R$)
			(in millions)
Current Liabilities
Payables to third parties			2,368.5						13,217.2						10,101.5						5,326.3
Trade payables			103.6						578.0						335.5						256.3
Payables to related parties			97.4						543.6						58.3						22.2
Derivative financial instruments			2.6						14.3						—						—
Deposits			547.7						3,056.4						572.0						—
Borrowings			180.2						1,005.8						—						—
Salaries and social security charges			46.5						259.7						175.2						106.8
Taxes and contributions			11.5						63.9						26.0						124.0
Provision for contingencies			5.0						27.7						17.1						11.9
Deferred revenue			29.1						162.6						186.2						—
Other liabilities			13.2						73.7						102.6						45.6
Total Current Liabilities			3,405.2						19,002.9						11,574.5						5,893.1
Non-Current Liabilities
Deferred income tax and social contribution			249.4						1,391.8						1,132.6						630.9
Deposits			13.9						77.6						194.1						—
Provision for contingencies			2.5						13.9						11.7						—
Deferred revenue			3.1						17.3						27.3						—
Other liabilities			12.6						70.2						56.6						43.3
Total Non-Current Liabilities			281.5						1,570.7						1,422.4						674.2
TOTAL LIABILITIES			3,686.7						20,573.6						12,996.9						6,567.3
TOTAL EQUITY			1,881.9						10,502.2						9,327.5						8,015.0
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY			5,568.6						31,075.8						22,324.3						14,582.3

(1)			For convenience purposes only, amounts in reais for the year ended December 31, 2021 have been translated to U.S. dollars using a rate of R$5.5805 to US$1.00, the commercial selling rate for U.S. dollars at December 31, 2021 as reported by the Central Bank. These translations should not be construed as representations that the U.S. dollar amounts have been, could have been or could be converted into reais at that or at any other exchange rate. The real/U.S. dollar exchange rate fluctuates widely, and the selling rate as of December 31, 2021 may not be indicative of current or future exchange rates.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

We present non-GAAP financial measures when we believe that the additional information is useful and meaningful to investors. These non-GAAP financial measures are provided to enhance investors’ overall understanding of our current financial performance and its prospects for the future. Specifically, we believe the non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to both management and investors by excluding certain expenses, gains and losses, as the case may be, which may not be indicative of our core operating results and business outlook.

These measures may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. The presentation of this non-GAAP financial information, which is not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles, is not intended to be considered separately from, or as a substitute for, our financial information prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the IASB. Non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with IFRS. These measures should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP financial measures.

The following table presents a reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

			For the Year Ended December 31,
			2021						Percent Change						2020
			(in millions of reais, except for amounts per share)
Total revenue and income			10,448.7						53.3		%				6,814.7
Non-GAAP total revenue and income			10,448.7						53.3		%				6,814.7
Total expenses			(8,960.7)						77.8		%				(5,040.0)
Less: Share-based long-term incentive plan (LTIP)			370.6						79.0		%				207.0
Less: M&A Expenses			21.9						167.1		%				8.2
Non-GAAP total expenses(1)			(8,568.2)						77.6		%				(4,824.8)
Profit before income taxes			1,488.0						(16.2)		%				1,774.7
Plus: Total non-GAAP Adjustments			392.5						82.3		%				215.2
Non-GAAP profit before income taxes(2)			1,880.5						(5.5)		%				1,989.9
Income tax and social contribution			(321.7)						(33.3)		%				(482.4)
Less: Income tax and social contribution on non-GAAP adjustments			(133.5)						82.3		%				(73.2)
Non-GAAP deferred income tax(3)			(455.2)						(18.1)		%				(555.6)
Net income			1,166.3						(9.8)		%				1,292.3
Plus: Total non-GAAP adjustments, net of income tax and social contribution			259.0						82.4		%				142.0
Non-GAAP net income(4)			1,425.3						(0.6)		%				1,434.3
Basic earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the parent — R$			3.5303						(10.0)		%				3.9225
Diluted earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the parent — R$			3.5105						(10.4)		%				3.8933
Non-GAAP basic earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the parent — R$(5)			4.6796						7.5		%				4.3539
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the parent — R$(5)			4.6530						7.0		%				4.3470

(1)			Non-GAAP total expenses excludes the “non-GAAP adjustments” comprised of:: (i) Shared-based long term incentive plan, or LTIP, expenses in the total amount of R$370.6 million (R$207.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2020), consisting of expenses for equity awards under our LTIP. We exclude LTIP expenses from our non-GAAP measures primarily because they are non-cash expenses and the related employer payroll taxes depend on our stock price and the timing and size of exercises and vesting of the equity awards, over which management has limited to no control, and as such management does not believe these expenses correlate to the operation of our business. The total amount of LTIP expenses is allocated between Cost of services, Selling expenses and Administrative expenses; and (ii) M&A expenses in the total amount of R$ 21.9 million (R$8.2 million in the.year ended December 31, 2020). We exclude M&A expenses from our Non-GAAP measures primarily because such expenses are non-recurring and do not correlate to the operation of our business;
(2)			Non-GAAP profit before income taxes reflects the adjustments described in footnote (1) above for LTIP expenses and, M&A expenses.
(3)			Non-GAAP income tax and social contribution consists of income tax at the rate of 34% calculated on the LTIP expenses and, M&A expenses described in footnote (1) above.
(4)			Non-GAAP net income reflects the sum of the adjustments described in footnotes (1) and (3) above.
(5)			Non-GAAP basic earnings per common share and non-GAAP diluted earnings per common share reflect the adjustments to non-GAAP net income, which is allocated in full to Equity holders of the parent.

Financial Information in U.S. Dollars

Solely for the convenience of the reader, we have translated some of the real amounts included in this annual report into U.S. dollars. The exchange rate for reais into U.S. dollars was R$5.5805 to U.S.$1.00 as of December 31, 2021, R$5.1967 to U.S.$1.00 as of December 31, 2020 and, R$4.0307 to U.S.$1.00 as of December 31, 2019, in each case, the commercial selling rate for U.S. dollars as reported by the Central Bank. Unless otherwise indicated, we have translated real amounts into U.S. dollars using a rate of R$5.5805 to US$1.00. Such translations should not be construed as representations that the real amounts represent, have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rates indicated or at any other exchange rate. The real/U.S. dollar exchange rate fluctuates widely, and the selling rate as of December 31, 2021 may not be indicative of current or future exchange rates. For more information on risks relating to exchange rate fluctuations on our business, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Brazil—Exchange rate instability may have adverse effects on the Brazilian economy, us and the price of our Class A common shares.”

Rapid, significant and disruptive technological changes continue to impact the industries in which we operate, including developments in payment card tokenization, mobile payments, social commerce (i.e., e-commerce through social networks), authentication, virtual currencies, distributed ledger or blockchain technologies, near field communication and other proximity or contactless payment methods, virtual reality, machine learning and artificial intelligence.

For instance, mobile devices are increasingly used for e-commerce transactions and payments. A significant and growing portion of our customers access our platforms through mobile devices, including for regular online shopping as well as for in-person transactions. In the year ended December 31, 2021, 80% of our customers accessed our platforms through mobile devices, compared with 77% in the year ended December 31, 2020. We may lose customers if we are not able to continue to meet our customers’ mobile and multi-screen experience expectations. Different mobile devices and platforms use a wide variety of technical and other configurations, which increase the challenges involved in providing payments in the mobile environment. In addition, a number of other companies with significant resources and a number of innovative startups have introduced products and services focusing on mobile markets. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to continue to meet customer expectations in the mobile environment or increase our volume of mobile transactions.

We cannot predict the effects of technological changes on our business. In addition to our own initiatives and innovations, we rely in part on third parties for the development of and access to new technologies. We expect that new services and technologies applicable to the industries in which we operate will continue to emerge and may be superior to, or render obsolete, the technologies we currently use in our products and services. Developing and incorporating new technologies into our products and services may require substantial expenditures, take considerable time, and ultimately may not be successful. In addition, our ability to adopt new products and services and develop new technologies may be inhibited by industry-wide standards, payment networks, changes to laws and regulations, resistance to change from consumers or merchants, third-party intellectual property rights, or other factors. Our success will depend on our ability to develop and incorporate new technologies, address the challenges posed by the rapidly evolving market for mobile transactions through our platforms and adapt to technological changes and evolving industry standards; if we are unable to do so in a timely or cost-effective manner, our business could be harmed.

We compete in markets characterized by vigorous competition, changing technology, changing customer needs, evolving industry standards and frequent introductions of new products and services. We compete with existing providers of digital payment solutions, in-person payments via POS, free digital accounts, prepaid cards and acquisition activities. In the online digital payments market, we compete primarily with international online payment services, such as PayPal, and regional players, such as MercadoPago from MercadoLibre. In the POS payments market, we compete primarily with international players, such as SumUp/Payleven, and regional players, such as MercadoPago from MercadoLibre. As is the case with the digital payments industry in general, we also compete with other means of payment, both digital and traditional, including cash, checks, Pix (a 24/7 instant payment platform sponsored by the Brazilian government), money orders and electronic bank deposits.

We expect competition to intensify in the future as existing and new competitors introduce new services or enhance existing services. We compete against many companies to attract customers, and some of these companies have greater financial resources and substantially larger bases of customers than we do, which may provide them with significant competitive advantages. These companies may devote greater resources than we do to the development, promotion and sale of products and services, and they may be more effective in introducing innovative products and services that hinder our growth. Competing services tied to established banks and other financial institutions may offer greater liquidity and create greater consumer confidence in the safety and efficiency of their services than PagSeguro. Mergers and acquisitions by or among these companies may lead to even larger competitors with more resources. We also expect new entrants to offer competitive products and services. For example, established banks and other financial institutions currently offer online payments and those, which do not yet provide such services could quickly and easily develop them. Certain merchants have longstanding exclusive, or nearly exclusive, relationships with our competitors to accept payment cards and other services that we offer. These relationships may make it difficult or cost prohibitive for us to conduct material amounts of business with them. If we are unable to differentiate ourselves from and successfully compete with our competitors, our business will suffer serious harm.

We may also face pricing pressures from competitors. Certain competitors are able to offer lower prices to merchants for similar services by cross subsidizing their digital payments services using other services they offer. This competition may mean we need to reduce our pricing, which could reduce our profits. As they grow, merchants may demand more customized and favorable pricing from us, and competitive pressures may require us to agree to this, further reducing our profits. If market conditions require us to increase the discounts or incentives we provide, our business could suffer serious harm.

Our success and ability to process payments and provide high quality customer service depend on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and information technology systems. Any failure of our computer systems and information technology to operate effectively or to integrate with other systems, performance inadequacy or breach in security may cause interruptions in the availability of our sites, delays in product fulfillment and reduced efficiency of our operations. Any failures, problems or security breaches may mean that fewer customers are willing to purchase the products we offer in the future. Factors that could occur and significantly disrupt our operations include: system failures and outages caused by fire, floods, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failures, sabotage, vandalism, terrorist attacks and similar events, software errors, computer viruses, worms, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our computer systems and data centers; in addition, security breaches related to the storage and transmission of proprietary information or customer information, such as credit card numbers or other personal information. Also, if too many customers access our sites within a short period of time due to any reason, we have experienced in the past and may in the future experience system interruptions that make our sites unavailable or prevent us from efficiently completing payment transactions, which may reduce the attractiveness of our products and services. We cannot assure you that such events will not occur. While we have backup systems and contingency plans for certain aspects of our operations and business processes, our planning does not account for all possible scenarios.

Specifically, we have entered into IT services agreements with UOL Diveo and Amazon Web Services, Inc, or AWS, which are both focused on IT infrastructure management services and cloud computing as well as the development of software and services to promote digital transformation. UOL Diveo is controlled by our parent company UOL and, therefore, our affiliate. Under these contracts, the two companies provide us with internet data centers to host our sites and keep them operational, and we rely on them and their operational, privacy and security procedures and controls and their ability to keep our sites operational. In December 2019, the colocation agreement that we entered into with UOL Diveo was assigned to UD Tecnologia, a subsidiary of UOL Diveo that was sold to Digital Colony in April 2020 and rebranded as Scala Data Centers S.A., or Scala Data Centers, which is not a related party of ours. Failure by IT services providers to adequately keep our sites operational, including any prolonged or unscheduled service disruption that affects our customers’ ability to utilize our sites, could result in the loss of sales and customers and increased costs, which could materially affect our reputation or results of operations. In addition, we rely in part on external IT services providers to advise us of any security breaches. If any of those providers do not provide us with notice on a timely basis, our reputation and results of operations may be harmed. We may not be able to timely replace our external IT services providers, or find a replacement on a cost-efficient basis, in the event of disruptions, failures to provide services or other issues that may harm our business. For more information on our agreement with UOL Diveo, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”

Any disruptions or service interruptions that affect our sites could damage our reputation, require us to spend significant capital and other resources and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. Some of our agreements with third-party service providers do not require those providers to indemnify us for losses resulting from any disruption in service. Any of the above disruptions could seriously harm our results of operation.

Our business involves the collection, storage, processing and transmission of customers’ personal data, including financial information. In addition, a significant number of our customers authorize us to bill their payment card or bank accounts directly for all transaction and other fees charged by us. We have built our reputation on the premise that our platform offers customers a secure way to make payments. An increasing number of organizations, including large merchants and businesses, other large technology companies, financial institutions and government institutions, have disclosed breaches of their information security systems, some of which have involved sophisticated and highly targeted attacks, including on portions of their websites or infrastructure.

The techniques used to obtain unauthorized, improper or illegal access to our systems, our data or our customers’ data, to disable or degrade service, or to sabotage systems are constantly evolving, may be difficult to detect quickly and often are not recognized until launched against a target. Unauthorized parties may attempt to gain access to our systems or facilities through various means, including, among others, hacking into our systems or those of our customers, partners or vendors, or attempting to fraudulently induce our employees, customers, partners, vendors or other users of our systems into disclosing user names, passwords, payment card information or other sensitive information, which may in turn be used to access our information technology systems. Certain efforts may be supported by significant financial and technological resources, making them even more sophisticated and difficult to detect. Although we have developed systems and processes that are designed to protect our data and customer data and to prevent data loss and other security breaches, and expect to continue to expend significant additional resources to bolster these protections, these security measures cannot provide absolute security. Our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to cyberattacks or security breaches, and third parties may be able to access our customers’ personal or proprietary information and card data that are stored on or accessible through those systems. Our security measures may also be breached due to human error, malfeasance, system errors or vulnerabilities, or other irregularities. Any actual or perceived breach of our security could interrupt our operations, result in our systems or services being unavailable, result in improper disclosure of data, materially harm our reputation and brand, result in significant legal and financial exposure, lead to loss of customer confidence in, or decreased use of, our products and services, and adversely affect our business and results of operations. In addition, any breaches of network or data security at our customers, partners or vendors (including data center and cloud computing providers) could have similar negative effects. Actual or perceived vulnerabilities or data breaches may lead to claims against us.

In 2021, we experienced a cyberattack that targeted one of our subsidiaries, Wirecard Brazil Instituição de Pagamento S.A. (formerly Wirecard Brazil S.A.), or MOIP, which we acquired in October 2020. The incident occurred between September 25, 2021 and September 29, 2021, during which the hackers demanded that specified payments be made to prevent the public disclosure or sale of the targeted data that was compromised, which included personal profile information of MOIP customers. At the time of the cyberattack, MOIP had a distinct and separate IT server and operating environment from the rest of our IT platform and systems, and therefore none of our databases, customer information or systems were subject or comprised during the incident, or formed part of the compromised data, beyond those independently within the MOIP IT environment. We promptly followed the requirements of applicable Brazilian law, including the filing of a formal report to the ANPD and Central Bank on October 7, 2021, followed by delivery of further requested information to the ANPD on January 5, 2022 and April 8, 2022. While our review of the incident has not identified evidence of unauthorized access to sensitive information, such as passwords or credit card details, and our IT systems (including the MOIP IT environment) are operating normally, we cannot be certain that we will not encounter adverse consequences of this incident or other weaknesses, vulnerabilities or deficiencies that could seriously harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. For more information, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—Protecting Our Clients—2021 MOIP Cybersecurity Incident.”

In addition, under card rules and our contracts with our card processors, if there is a breach of card information that we store, we could be liable to the payment card issuers for their cost of issuing new cards and related expenses. We also expect to spend significant additional resources to protect against security or privacy breaches, and may be required to address problems caused by breaches. Additionally, while we maintain insurance policies, we do not maintain significant insurance policies specifically for cyberattacks and our current insurance policies may not be adequate to reimburse us for losses caused by security breaches, and we may not be able to collect fully, if at all, under these insurance policies.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, our remote work practices have expanded and, as a result, the risks related to cybersecurity failures in our internal systems have also risen. As such, interruptions or flaws in our information technology systems, such as in our telework systems, accounting calculations and billing, caused by accidents, malfunctions or malicious acts may impact our corporate, commercial or operational activities, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations, as well as our reputation and market reliability. Cyberattacks have become increasingly sophisticated and diffuse. We keep sensitive client information in our database, which may be the subject of cyberattacks by individuals seeking unauthorized access to such information for misuse. As such, failures to protect our clients’ personal data, as well as nonconformance with the applicable legislation, may give rise to additional costs and adversely affect our image and reputation.

In 2018, Law No. 13,709/2018, the General Data Protection Law (Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados), or LGPD, was enacted, as amended by Law No. 13,853/2019, to govern the practices related to the use of personal data, replacing the sparse and sectoral standards that previously regulated rights to data privacy and protection in Brazil. The LGPD became effective on September 18, 2020, but the application of the administrative penalties provided for in the LGPD was postponed to August 1, 2021. By creating a microsystem of rules impacting all sectors of the economy, the LGPD provides a new legal framework to be observed in personal data processing operations. Among other provisions, it establishes the rights of data subjects, the legal bases applicable to the protection of personal data, the requirements for obtaining consent on the use of such data, when applicable, the obligations and requirements relating to security incidents and leaks and data transfers, as well as the authorization for the creation of the Brazilian Data Protection Authority or ANPD, which is the entity responsible for regulating and supervising the application of the LGPD and other data protection laws as well as imposing sanctions in the event of noncompliance with the legal rules and obligations. On August 26, 2020, the Brazilian government issued Decree No. 10,474/2020, approving the regulatory framework and list of commissioned positions for the ANPD. The decree became effective in November 2020, when ANPD’s chief executive officer appointment was published in the Brazilian official federal newspaper.

We must also provide a secure environment for our users. Investing in technical and administrative maintenance for information security and personal data protection will also be necessary, including to support our corporate governance structure for personal data protection. In addition, under the LGPD, we have a legal duty to maintain a communication channel with data subjects whose data we process, including our users and partners.

Personal data subjects are entitled to the following rights, which we must ensure: (i) to obtain confirmation of existence of personal data processing, (ii) to access their personal data, (iii) to correct all incomplete, inaccurate or outdated personal data, (iv) to carry out portability processes to transfer personal data to another service or product, in accordance with the additional regulations to be set forth by the ANPD, (v) to request the deletion of processed personal data based on consent, or the right to revoke their previously given consent, (vi) to obtain information on government and private-sector entities with whom those responsible for data processing have shared their data, (vii) to be allowed to deny consent to personal data processing and to be advised of the consequences of that denial, and (viii) to request the review of decisions made solely based on automated processing. The LGPD also establishes that the following information must be provided to data subjects, including through privacy notices: (i) the specific purpose of such processing, (ii) processing methods and duration, (iii) the identity of the data controller, (iv) the contact information of the data controller, (v) information with regards to the sharing of personal data with third parties and its purpose and (vi) description of responsibilities, particularly the responsibilities of the processing agents involved.

We may be required to indemnify users affected by violations of their rights as data subjects, such as their right to transparency or to obtain information on the processing of their personal data. Should we disclose insufficient information regarding data processing as required by the LGPD, we may also be subject to administrative sanctions imposed by personal data protection, consumer protection or public interest protection agencies and entities, including the ANPD. Noncompliance with any LGPD provisions may lead to the following: (i) individual or class actions being filed seeking damages due to breaches not only of the LGPD, but also of any sparse and industry-specific data protection laws still in force and (ii) the imposition of the penalties set forth by the Consumer Protection Code and the Civil Framework for the Internet by certain consumer protection agencies, as they have been acting in this regard well before the effectiveness of the LGPD and the actual establishment of the ANPD, particularly in cases of security incidents resulting in undue access to personal data.

If our operations and business model are not in compliance with the LGPD’s rules, we may be subject to formal warnings, public sanctions, the deletion of data or the suspension of data processing activities. Furthermore, we may be subject to a fine equal to up to 2% of our gross sales, or the gross sales of our economic group in Brazil, in the preceding fiscal year, excluding taxes, but limited to a total of R$50.0 million per violation. In addition, we may be held liable for individual or collective material moral damages caused by our failure to meet any of the obligations set forth by the LGPD. We may be held legally responsible for paying damages to users harmed by violations of their rights as personal data subjects, such as their rights to transparency, in that they may obtain information regarding the processing of their personal data and other rights set forth in the LGPD.

If we are found to not have sufficiently provided information about the processing of personal data in accordance with the requirements set forth by the LGPD, we may also face administrative sanctions by public entities and regulatory bodies that govern personal data, consumer protection and public interests.

The LGPD and other laws and regulations that may be passed in the future may be interpreted and applied differently over time and from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. It is possible they will be interpreted and applied in ways that will materially and adversely affect our business. Any failure to comply with (i) our privacy policies, (ii) any regulatory requirements or orders, or (iii) other local, state, federal, or international privacy or consumer protection-related laws and regulations could materially and adversely affect our business.

We are dependent on the ability of our products and services to integrate with a variety of operating systems and networks, as well as web browsers that we do not control. Any changes in these systems or networks that degrade the functionality of our products and services, impose additional costs or requirements on us, or give preferential treatment to competitive services, including their own services, could seriously harm the levels of usage of our products and services. We also rely on bank platforms to process some of our transactions. If there are any issues with or service interruptions in these bank platforms, users may be unable to have their transactions completed, which would seriously harm our business.

In addition, our hardware interoperates with mobile networks offered by telecom operators and mobile devices developed by third parties. Changes in these networks or in the design of these mobile devices may limit the interoperability of our hardware with such networks and devices and require modifications to our hardware. If we are unable to ensure that our hardware continues to interoperate effectively with such networks and devices, or if doing so is costly, our business may be seriously harmed.

We have developed a strong and trusted brand, highly linked to the reputation and public image of UOL, our controlling shareholder, which has contributed significantly to the success of our business. Our brand is predicated on the idea that sellers and buyers will trust us and find value in building and growing their businesses with our products and services. Maintaining, protecting and enhancing our brand are critical to expanding our base of sellers, buyers and other third-party partners, as well as increasing engagement with our products and services. This will depend largely on our ability to maintain trust, be a technology leader, and continue to provide high-quality and secure products and services. Any negative publicity about our industry, our company or UOL, our controlling shareholder, the quality and reliability of our products and services, our risk management processes, changes to our products and services, our ability to effectively manage and resolve seller and buyer complaints, our privacy and security practices, litigation, regulatory activity, the experience of sellers and buyers with our products or services, and changes in the public opinion of UOL, could harm our reputation and the confidence in and use of our products and services. Harm to our brand can arise from many sources, including failure by us or our partners to satisfy expectations of service and quality; inadequate protection of sensitive information; compliance failures and claims; litigation and other claims; employee misconduct; and misconduct by our partners, service providers or other counterparties. If we do not successfully maintain a strong and trusted brand, our business could be seriously harmed.

PagSeguro Brazil, MOIP, and BancoSeguro S.A., or BancoSeguro, are each authorized by the Central Bank to operate as payment institutions, in the case of PagSeguro Brazil and MOIP, and as a financial institution, in the case of BancoSeguro. As payment institutions, PagSeguro Brazil and MOIP are both licensed by the Central Bank as issuers of electronic currency and acquirers, PagSeguro Brazil’s authorization having been issued by the Central Bank on October 17, 2018. In addition, PagSeguro was authorized by the Central Bank on March 16, 2019 to operate as a payment institution of post paid accounts in order to act as an issuer of post-paid cards (such as credit cards) within third-party payment schemes. Currently, our digital payments activity as payment scheme settlors (in the case of PagSeguro Brazil and MOIP) is exempt from authorization.

In addition, early payment of receivables is part of our activities. Law No. 12,865/2013 prohibits payment institutions such as PagSeguro Brazil and MOIP from performing activities that are limited to financial institutions. There is some debate under Brazilian law as to whether providing early payment of receivables to merchants could be characterized as “lending,” which is an activity that is limited to financial institutions. Similarly, there is some debate as to whether the discount rates applicable to this early payment feature should be considered as “interest,” in which case the limits set by the Brazilian Usury Law would apply to these rates. If new laws are enacted or the courts’ interpretation of this activity changes, either preventing us from providing this feature or limiting the fees we usually charge, our financial performance could be negatively affected. For further information regarding these regulatory matters, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—Regulation—Regulation of the digital payments industry in Brazil.”

BancoSeguro is licensed in Brazil as a multi-purpose bank, with commercial and investment banking portfolios. As a financial institution, BancoSeguro is subject to Law No. 4,595/1964 and the rules of the National Monetary Council (the Conselho Monetário Nacional, or CMN), and the Central Bank. Brazilian financial institutions are subject to extensive government regulations applicable to their activities, including those relating to: (i) minimum capital requirements; (ii) compulsory deposits/reserve requirements; (iii) investment requirements in fixed assets; (iv) lending limits and other credit restrictions; (v) accounting and statistical requirements; (v) price and salary controls; and (vi) tax policy and regulation. Additionally, within the scope of its investment banking portfolio, BancoSeguro, through the PagInvest platform, acts as a distributor of securities (currently, third party investment funds), and in this regard BancoSeguro is regulated and supervised by the Brazilian Securities Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, or CVM), in accordance with Law No. 6,385/1976 and the rules issued by CVM.

Brazilian payment institutions and financial institutions have no control over government regulations applicable to their activities. Any changes in such regulations could adversely affect BancoSeguro’s, MOIP’s and PagSeguro Brazil’s operations and financial results.

Furthermore, if we are found to be in violation of any current or future regulations, we could be (i) required to pay substantial fines (including per transaction fines) and disgorgement of our profits, (ii) required to change our business practices, or (iii) subjected to resolution regimes such as an intervention by the Central Bank and the out-of-court liquidation of PagSeguro Brazil, MOIP or BancoSeguro. We could also be subject to private lawsuits. Any of these consequences could seriously harm our business and results of operations.

We operate in a complex regulatory and legal environment that exposes us to compliance and litigation risks and that could materially affect our results of operations. These laws may change, sometimes significantly, as a result of political, economic or social events. Some of the federal, state or local laws and regulations that affect us include: those relating to consumer products, product liability or consumer protection; those relating to the manner in which we advertise, market or sell products; labor and employment laws, including wage and hour laws; tax laws or interpretations thereof; data protection and privacy laws and regulations; and securities and exchange laws and regulations. For instance, data protection and privacy laws are developing to consider the changes in cultural and consumer attitudes towards the protection of personal data. There can be no guarantee that we will have sufficient financial resources to comply with any new regulations or successfully compete in the context of a shifting regulatory environment. Any additional privacy laws or regulations could seriously harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Changes in tax laws, regulations, related interpretations and tax accounting standards in Brazil, the Cayman Islands or the United States may result in a higher tax rate on our earnings, which may significantly reduce our profits and cash flows from operations. For example, in 2015 the Brazilian government increased the rate of PIS/COFINS tax (which is a social contribution on gross revenues) from 0% to 4.65% on financial income realized by Brazilian companies that are taxed under the non-cumulative regime (which is the tax regime that applies to us). In addition, our results of operations and financial condition may decline if certain tax incentives are not retained or renewed. For example, Brazilian Law No. 11,196 currently grants tax benefits to companies that invest in research and development, provided that some requirements are met, which significantly reduces our annual income tax expense. In addition, governments, agents and similar bodies are discussing tax measures to assist entities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the short term, these measures may include tax payment deferrals, tax credits and Central Bank loans, which may be applicable to us if enacted in the future. However, Brazilian government authorities at the federal, state and local levels may consider changes in tax laws to cover budgetary shortfalls as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, these changes may adversely affect our profitability by increasing our current tax burden. If the taxes applicable to our business increase or any tax benefits are revoked and we cannot alter our cost structure to pass our tax increases on to customers, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be harmed. Our payment processing activities are also subject to a Municipal Tax on Services (Imposto Sobre Serviços), or ISS. Any increases in ISS rates would also harm our profitability.

In addition, Brazilian government authorities at the federal, state and local levels are considering changes in tax laws to cover budgetary shortfalls resulting from the recent economic downturn in Brazil. If these proposals are enacted they may harm our profitability by increasing our tax burden, increasing our tax compliance costs, or otherwise affecting our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Some tax rules related to the collection, ancillary obligations or changes in the applicable tax rates in Brazil may be amended by the authorities without prior notice or a transition period for implementation. We may not always be aware of all such changes that affect our business and we may therefore inadvertently fail to pay the applicable taxes or otherwise comply with tax regulations, which may result in additional tax assessments, penalties and interests for our company. In this sense, we are involved in tax proceedings based on differences of interpretation between us and the Brazilian tax authorities regarding tax laws and regulations. For further information, see “Item 8. Financial Information—Tax and Social Security Proceedings.”

At the municipal level, the Brazilian government enacted Supplementary Law No. 157/2016, which imposed changes regarding the taxes applied to services we render. Once these changes are enforced, our taxes will be due in the municipality in which the acquirer of our services is located, rather than in the municipality in which our facilities are located. This obligation took force in January 2018, but its enforcement has been delayed by Direct Unconstitutionality Action No. 5835, or the ADI, filed by taxpayers. The ADI challenges Supplementary Law No. 157/2016’s constitutionality before the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court, or STF, arguing that the new legislation would adversely affect companies due to the increased costs and bureaucracy that would come with making ISS tax payments to several municipalities and complying with tax reporting obligations connected therewith. As a result, the STF granted an injunction to suspend the enforcement of Supplementary Law No. 157/2016. A final decision on this matter is currently pending. Moreover, the Brazilian government recently enacted Supplementary Law No. 175/2020, which implemented additional changes to the collection of ISS taxes on certain services, including debit or credit card services, and provided that ISS taxes due for the rendering of these services be paid to the municipality in which the recipient of the service is located. Despite the enactment of Supplementary Law No. 175/2020, due to the preliminary injunction that was granted by the STF in 2018 in response to the ADI, it can be argued that our obligation to pay ISS taxes to the municipality of our service’s recipient is also currently suspended. The STF issued a decision on the ADI concerning the constitutionality of the provisions encompassed by Supplementary Law No. 157/2016 that set forth the jurisdiction shift over ISS tax collections from the municipality of the service provider to the municipality of the service’s recipient. It could therefore be argued that the legal basis that supports Supplementary Law No. 175/2020 is currently suspended and, as a result, the obligations set forth by this law shall be understood as suspended as well. Supplementary Law No. 175/2020 also provided that ISS taxes due should be reported by the 25th day of the month following the taxable event, using a standardized electronic system, in accordance with standards to be established by the Management Committee of Ancillary Obligations (Comitê Gestor das Obrigações Acessórias), or the CGOA. There is not established timeframe for the implementation of the new standardized electronic system that will be designed by CGOA, and the CGOA members were only appointed on January 18, 2021, through the enactment of Statement No. 01/2021, by the National Confederation of Municipalities.

Furthermore, we are subject to tax laws and regulations that may be interpreted differently by tax authorities, judicial or administrative courts and us. The application of indirect taxes, such as sales and use tax, value-added tax, or VAT, provincial taxes, goods and services tax, business tax and gross receipt tax, to businesses like ours is a complex and evolving issue. Significant judgment is required to evaluate applicable tax obligations. In many cases, the ultimate tax determination is uncertain because it is not clear how existing statutes apply to our business. One or more states, or municipalities, the federal government or other countries may seek to challenge the taxation or procedures applied to our transactions imposing the charge of taxes or additional reporting, record keeping or indirect tax collection obligations on businesses like ours. New taxes could also require us to incur substantial costs to capture data and to collect and remit taxes. If such obligations were imposed, the additional costs associated with tax collection, remittance and audit requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.

The Brazilian government has been studying a substantial tax reform in Brazil. It is not possible to precisely predict if and how potential changes may affect our business, but it is advised that prospective investors consult their tax advisors for reviewing potential impacts associated with changes in the applicable tax law.

We incur losses and expenses due to claims from consumers that merchants have not performed or that their goods or services do not match the merchant’s description. We seek to recover these losses and expenses from the merchant but may not be able to recover them in full when the merchant is unwilling or unable to pay. We also incur losses and expenses from claims that the consumer did not authorize the purchase, from consumer fraud and from erroneous transmissions. In addition, if the losses we incur related to card transactions become excessive, they could potentially result in a loss of our right to accept cards for payment. If we were unable to accept cards, the number of transactions processed through our platform would decrease substantially and our business would be harmed. We are also subject to the risk of fraudulent activity by merchants, consumers of products purchased through our platform, or third parties handling our user information. We take measures to detect and reduce the risk of fraud, but these measures need to be continually improved and may not be effective against new and continually evolving forms of fraud or in connection with new product offerings. If these measures fail, our business could be harmed.

We have significant working capital requirements, primarily driven by payment terms agreed with our merchant clients and the extended payment terms that they offer their customers. Differences between the date when we pay our merchant clients and the date when we receive payments from financial institutions may harm our liquidity and our cash flows. We expect our working capital needs to increase as our total transaction business increases. In order to finance our working capital needs, we have recently been entering into financing arrangements that decrease the amount of time it takes for us to collect our accounts receivable, and to increase the amount of time we have to pay our accounts payable. In addition, we also use our full banking license to offer certificates of deposit, or CDs, through BancoSeguro primarily to fund our credit portfolio. We believe these financing arrangements and BancoSeguro’s CDs allow us to gain access to capital faster and more cheaply than we would otherwise be able to. There can be no assurance that these types of financing arrangements will continue to be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we do not have sufficient working capital, we may not be able to pursue our growth strategy, respond to competitive pressures or fund key strategic initiatives, such as the development of our sites, which may harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Furthermore, we may offer new financial products under BancoSeguro. The advent of new financial products could have a variety of consequences for us. New financial products and technologies may increase our costs and risks associated with government regulation and investment in new technology. The costs of compliance with regulation and upgrading our infrastructure and technology to provide financial services could be significant.

We rely on third parties in many aspects of our business, including, among others:

•networks, banks, payment processors, and payment gateways that link us to the payment card and bank clearing networks to process transactions;

•third parties that provide certain outsourced customer support and product development functions, which are critical to our operations; and

•third parties that provide facilities, infrastructure, components and services, including data center facilities and cloud computing.

The third parties that we rely on to process transactions may fail or refuse to process transactions adequately. Any of the third parties we use may breach their agreements with us, refuse to renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms, take actions that degrade the functionality of our services, impose additional costs or requirements on us, or give preferential treatment to competing services. Financial or regulatory issues, labor issues, or other problems that prevent these third parties from providing services to us or our customers could harm our business. If our service providers do not perform satisfactorily, our operations could be disrupted, which could result in customer dissatisfaction, damage our reputation, and harm our business.

We rely on UOL, our largest shareholder, and its subsidiaries for several business services, particularly: telecommunications services; infrastructure, corporate, litigation and back-office services. UOL and its subsidiaries also provide us with advertising and media space and resell cloud services to us. For further details of these services, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”

Our ability to manage and account accurately for the assets underlying our customer funds requires a high level of internal controls. As our business continues to grow and we expand our product offerings, we must continue to strengthen our internal controls accordingly. Our success requires significant public confidence in our ability to handle large and growing transaction volumes and amounts of customer funds. Any failure to maintain the necessary controls or to manage the assets underlying our customer funds accurately could severely diminish customer use of our products or result in penalties and fines, which could harm our business.

Processing consumer transactions made using credit cards, as well as providing early payment of receivables to merchants when consumers make credit card purchases in installments, both make up a significant portion of our activities. In general, when Brazilian interest rates increase, consumers are more likely to may choose to make fewer purchases using credit cards; and fewer merchants may decide to use our early payment of receivables feature if our overall financing costs require us to increase the discount rate we charge for this feature. Either of these factors could cause our business activity levels to decrease.

Following significant decreases in Brazilian and global interest rates from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, in March, 2021, the Central Bank began increasing the SELIC interest rate, which was 2% at the beginning of 2021 and eventually rose to 9.25% in December 2021. This increase resulted in a significant reduction in our margin, and in October 2021, we decided to raise the prices we charge our merchants, mainly affecting merchants who were benefiting from promotional prices. Implementing these price increases has been done over a period of time, and we intend to offset a portion of the resulting cost increases such that we maintain a rate of customer churn close to our historical levels. We adjusted our merchants’ prices through the beginning of April 2022, and we intend to continue observing market activity to consider making any further pricing adjustments. Further increases in the Brazilian interest rate levels and other factors could lead us to implement further price increases, which could have an adverse effect on our business and financial results.

Our future revenues from digital payments depend substantially on consumers’ widespread acceptance and use of the internet to conduct commerce. Rapid growth in the use of the internet (particularly to provide and purchase products and services) is a relatively recent phenomenon in Brazil and we cannot assure you that this rapid growth of acceptance and usage will continue.

Internet penetration in Brazil may never reach the levels seen in more developed countries for reasons that are beyond our control, including the lack of necessary network infrastructure or delayed development of enabling technologies, performance improvements and security measures. The infrastructure for the internet in Brazil may not be able to support continued growth in the number of users, their frequency of use or their bandwidth requirements. Delays in telecommunication and infrastructure development or other technology shortfalls may impede improvements in internet reliability in Brazil. If telecommunications services are not sufficiently available to support the growth of the internet in Brazil, response times could be slower, which would reduce internet usage and harm our services. In addition, even if internet penetration in Brazil increases, this may not lead to growth in e-commerce due to several factors, including lack of confidence by users in online security.

Furthermore, the price of internet access and internet-connected devices, such as personal computers, tablets, mobile phones and other portable devices, may limit our growth, particularly in parts of Brazil with low levels of income. Income levels in Brazil are significantly lower than in the United States and other more developed countries, while prices of both portable devices and internet access in Brazil are higher than in those countries. Income levels in Brazil may decline and device and access prices may increase in the future.

Any of these factors could limit our ability to generate revenues in future.

Our quarterly results of operations may vary significantly and are not necessarily an indication of future performance. These fluctuations may be due to a variety of factors, some of which are outside of our control and may not fully reflect the underlying performance of our business. In addition, we operate in a somewhat seasonal industry, which tends to experience relatively fewer transactions in the first quarters of the year, increased activity as the year-end holiday shopping season initiates, and fewer transactions after the year-end holidays. In addition, businesses operating in Brazil, such as ours, tend to experience relatively fewer transactions during certain international sporting events.

Factors that may cause fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations include our ability to attract and retain customers; the timing, effectiveness and costs of expansion and upgrades of our systems and infrastructure, as well as the success of those expansions and upgrades; the outcomes of legal proceedings and claims; our ability to maintain or increase revenue, gross margins and operating margins; our ability to continue introducing new services and to continue convincing customers to adopt additional offerings; increases in and timing of expenses that we may incur to grow and expand our operations and to remain competitive; period-to-period volatility related to fraud and risk losses; system failures resulting in the inaccessibility of our products and services; changes in the regulatory environment, including with respect to security, privacy or enforcement of laws and regulations by regulators, including fines, orders, or consent decrees; changes in global business or macroeconomic enforcement of laws and regulations by regulators, including fines, orders, or consent decrees; changes in global business conditions; general retail buying patterns; and the other risks described in this annual report. Future fluctuations in quarterly results may mean that our business is less predictable and may harm the trading price of our Class A common shares.

With the goal of increasing our transaction business and POS device offerings, we invest broadly in our POS unit technology. Our products, such as the Moderninha and the Minizinha, often require investments with long lead times. An inability to forecast the success of a particular product correctly could harm our business. We must forecast inventory needs and expenses and place orders sufficiently in advance with our third-party suppliers and contract manufacturers based on our estimates of future demand for products. Our ability to forecast demand for our products could be affected by many factors, including an increase or decrease in demand for our products or for our competitors’ products, unanticipated changes in general market conditions, and the change in economic conditions.

If we underestimate demand for a particular product, our contract manufacturers and suppliers may not be able to deliver enough product to meet our requirements, and we may experience a shortage of that product available for sale or distribution. The shortage of a popular product could seriously harm our brand, our seller relationships, the acquisition of additional sellers and our total transaction business. If we overestimate demand for a particular product, we may have excess inventory for that product and the excess inventory may become obsolete or out of date. Inventory levels more than demand may lead us to write down or write off the inventory or sell excess inventory at further discounted prices, which could harm our profit and our business.

Some of the key components used to manufacture our POS devices, such as the chip and pin reader, come from limited sources of supply. In addition, although we are expanding our range of POS devices derived from different providers, we currently rely on one manufacturer to manufacture, test and assemble a significant amount of our POS devices. The agreements for the components used to manufacture our POS devices are entered into directly by the manufacturer of our POS devices and we do not have agreements with these suppliers. In particular, we entered into an Agreement for the Supply of Equipment on June 26, 2014, as amended from time to time, with PAX BR Comércio de Equipamentos de Informática Ltda., or PAX Brazil, Transire Fabricação de Componentes Eletrônicos Ltda., or Transire Brazil, and Net+Phone Telecomunicações Ltda, or Net+Phone, which sets forth the types of POS devices to be sold by PAX Brazil, Transire Brazil and Tec Toy S.A., or Tectoy, to us and the standard terms and conditions governing this supply of POS devices. PAX Brazil, Transire Brazil and Tectoy together serve as our main supplier of POS devices. Consideration payable to PAX Brazil, Transire Brazil and Tectoy under this agreement is determined by the number of POS devices ordered by us.

In October 2021, media reports disclosed an investigation by U.S. authorities into the activities of PAX Technology. We do not have direct commercial arrangements with PAX Technology, but rather we purchase the POS device hardware – not software – from local assemblers in Brazil that buy the components from PAX Technology and certain other suppliers. Different from other companies in the sector, we (as an acquirer) develop and install the software on the POS devices that we source from third-party suppliers in order to provide us with greater control over related data and security features of our services using POS devices, and we do not exchange any information regarding our customers, merchants or transactions with other third-party suppliers. However, we understand that the PAX Technology investigation is ongoing, and it ultimately could have an adverse impact on the global market for POS devices and related components, which in turn could have a negative effect on our business, reputation or financial results.

In addition, due to reliance of our POS manufacturers on components from limited sources, we are subject to the risk of shortages and long lead times in the supply of certain products. If our manufacturers cannot find alternative sources of supply, we could be subject to components shortages or delays or other problems in product assembly. In addition, various sources of supply-chain risk, including strikes or shutdowns, loss of or damage to our products while they are in transit or storage, natural disasters or the occurrence of a contagious disease or illness, such as the COVID-19 outbreak that the World Health Organization, or the WHO, designated as a pandemic in March 2020, could limit the supply of our POS devices. Any interruption or delay in component supply, any increases in component costs, the inability of our manufacturers to obtain these parts or components from alternate sources at acceptable prices and within a reasonable amount of time, or difficulties in fulfilling obligations in connection with the warranties we provide for our POS devices, would harm our ability to provide our POS devices or other services to our merchants on a timely basis. This could hurt our relationships with our customers, prevent us from acquiring new customers, and significantly harm our business. We may also experience a shortage in some of the key components used to manufacture our POS devices due to disruptions caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in China where these components are manufactured. Any continued operating complications caused by COVID-19, including any prolonged period of travel, workplace closures, stay at home and quarantine orders, mobility limitations, commercial and other similar restrictions, may result in shortages which would hinder our ability to provide our POS devices or other services to our merchants on a timely basis, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position. For more information on risks relating to COVID-19, see “An occurrence of a natural disaster, widespread health epidemic or pandemic or other outbreaks could seriously harm our business and results of operations. Furthermore, the spread of communicable diseases such as the COVID-19 outbreak on a global scale may affect investment sentiment, cause disruptions and result in sporadic volatility in global markets. As a result, the Brazilian economy and outlook may be affected, and consequently, our business and trading price of our common shares could be adversely affected.”

We are subject to various anticorruption, anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws and regulations that prohibit, among other things, our involvement in improper payments to certain public officials for the purpose of obtaining advantages or in transferring the proceeds of criminal activities. We have programs designed to comply with new and existing legal and regulatory requirements. However, any errors, failures, or delays in complying with anticorruption, anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws and regulations could result in significant criminal and civil lawsuits, penalties, forfeiture of significant assets, or other enforcement actions, as well as reputational harm.

Regulators may increase enforcement of these obligations, which may require us to further revise or expand our compliance program, including the procedures we use to verify the identity of our customers and to monitor our transactions. Regulators regularly re-examine the transaction volume thresholds at which we must obtain and keep applicable records or verify identities of customers and any change in such thresholds could result in greater costs for compliance. Costs associated with fines or enforcement actions, changes in compliance requirements, or limitations on our ability to grow could harm our business and any new requirements or changes to existing requirements could impose significant costs, result in delays to planned product improvements, make it more difficult for new customers to join our network and reduce the attractiveness of our products and services.

Our business depends upon the efforts and skill of our senior management, who has played an important role in shaping our company culture. Our future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service of our senior management team, who are critical to the development and the execution of our business strategies. Any member of our senior management team may leave us to set up or work in businesses that compete with ours. There is no guarantee that the compensation arrangements and non-competition agreements we have entered with our senior management team are sufficiently broad or effective to prevent them from resigning in order to set up or join a competitor, or that the non-competition agreements would be upheld in a court of law. In the event that a number of our senior management members leave our company, we may have difficulty finding suitable replacements, which could seriously harm us.

Our future success also depends on our ability to identify, attract, hire, train, retain, motivate and manage other highly skilled technical, managerial, information technology, marketing, product, risk management and customer service personnel. Competition for these personnel is intense, and we may not be able to successfully attract, hire, train, retain, motivate and manage sufficiently qualified personnel.

We partially rely on card issuers or card schemes to process our transactions and must pay a fee for this service. From time to time, card schemes such as MasterCard and Visa may increase the interchange fees that they charge for each transaction using one of their cards. Credit card processors have the right to pass any increases in interchange fees on to us as well as increase their own fees for processing. In addition, card schemes have imposed and may again impose special assessments for transactions that are executed through a “digital wallet,” and these fees could particularly affect us and significantly increase our costs. These increased fees increase our operating costs and reduce our profit margins.

We are also required by credit card schemes to comply with their operating rules. The credit card schemes and their member banks set and interpret these rules. The bank accounts offered by those member banks compete with our digital account services. Visa, MasterCard, American Express or other credit card companies could adopt new operating rules or reinterpret existing rules that we or our processors might find difficult or even impossible to follow. As a result, we could lose our ability to provide our customers the option of using credit cards to fund their payments and our users the option to pay their fees using a credit card. If we were unable to accept credit cards, our business would be seriously harmed.

We could lose the right to accept credit cards or could be required to pay fines if credit card schemes such as MasterCard or Visa determine that users are using our platform to engage in illegal or “high risk” activities, or if users generate a large volume of chargebacks related to fraudulent transactions. Additionally, we may be unable to access financing in the credit and capital markets at reasonable rates to fund our operations and for that reason our profitability and total transaction business could decline significantly.

Our future profitability will depend, in part, on our ability to successfully implement our strategy to increase adoption of our digital payment methods. We cannot assure you that the market for digital payments will continue to grow or will remain viable. We expect to invest substantial amounts to:

•drive consumer and merchant awareness of digital payments;

•encourage consumers and merchants to sign up for and use our digital payment products;

•enhance our infrastructure to handle seamless processing of transactions;

•continue to develop state of the art, easy-to-use technology;

•expand our operations;

•increase the number of users who collect and pay digitally; and

•grow and diversify our customer base.

Despite these investments, we may fail to implement these programs successfully or to increase substantially the number of customers who pay for our digital payment methods. This would hold back any growth in our revenues and harm our business.

We are subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires, among other things, that we establish and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. Under the SEC’s current rules, we have been required to perform system and process evaluation and testing of our internal controls over financial reporting to allow management to assess the effectiveness of our internal controls since 2018. Our testing may reveal deficiencies in our internal controls that are deemed to be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies and render our internal controls over financial reporting ineffective. If we are not able to comply with these requirements in a timely manner, or if we or our management identifies material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, the market price of our Class A common shares may decline and we may be subject to investigations or sanctions by the SEC, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA, or other regulatory authorities. In addition, we may be required to expend significant management time and financial resources to correct any material weaknesses that may be identified or to respond to any regulatory investigations or proceedings.

Our operating results are affected by the condition of the economy in Brazil and other countries around the world. Our business and financial performance may be harmed by current and future economic conditions that cause a decline in business and consumer spending, including a reduction in the availability of credit, increased unemployment levels, higher energy and fuel costs, rising interest rates, financial market volatility and recession. These factors have been adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, which has caused increases in unemployment rates, inflation rates and energy and fuel costs, and interest rates, as well as significant financial market volatility. Additionally, we may experience difficulties in operating and growing our operations because of economic pressures. For more information on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, see “An occurrence of a natural disaster, widespread health epidemic or pandemic or other outbreaks could seriously harm our business and results of operations. Furthermore, the spread of communicable diseases such as the COVID-19 outbreak on a global scale may affect investment sentiment, cause disruptions and result in sporadic volatility in global markets. As a result, the Brazilian economy and outlook may be affected, and consequently, our business and trading price of our common shares could be adversely affected.”

Furthermore, geopolitical instability arising from conflicts, such as the ongoing war in Ukraine, and the resulting imposition of sanctions, taxes or tariffs against Russia and Russia’s response to such sanctions (including retaliatory acts, such as cyberattacks and sanctions against other countries) could adversely affect the global economy or specific international, regional and domestic markets, including the Brazilian market. Such events could have an adverse effect on our business and financial performance through increased worldwide inflation, greater compliance costs, higher volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, destabilized supply chains and further market disruptions, including from cyberattacks targeting technologies that we rely on or the markets in which we or our customers operate.

As a business that depends on consumer discretionary spending, we may suffer harm if our merchants’ customers reduce their purchases due to continued job losses, foreclosures, bankruptcies, higher consumer debt and interest rates, reduced access to credit, lower consumer confidence, uncertainty or changes in tax policies and tax rates. Decreases in customer traffic or average value per transaction negatively affect our financial performance, and a prolonged period of depressed consumer spending could seriously harm our business. Promotional activities and decreased demand for consumer products, including higher-end products, could affect our profitability. The potential effects of the ongoing economic crisis in Brazil are difficult to forecast and mitigate. Any of the foregoing could seriously harm our business, results of operations and financial condition and could cause the trading price of our Class A common shares to decline.

Customer complaints or negative publicity about our customer service could severely diminish consumer confidence in and use of our products. Breaches of our customers’ privacy and our security measures could have the same effect. Measures we sometimes take to combat risks of fraud and breaches of privacy and security, such as freezing customer funds, can damage relations with our customers. These measures heighten the need for prompt and accurate customer service to resolve irregularities. Effective customer service requires significant expenses, which, if not managed properly, could affect our profitability significantly. Any inability by us to manage or train our customer service representatives properly could compromise our ability to handle customer complaints effectively. If we do not handle customer complaints effectively, our reputation may suffer and we may lose our customers’ confidence.

We, like our platforms, are susceptible to potentially illegal or improper uses. These may include illegal online gambling, fraudulent sales of goods or services, illicit sales of prescription medications or controlled substances, software and other intellectual property piracy, money laundering, bank fraud, cyberattacks, child pornography, trafficking, terrorist financing, prohibited sales of alcoholic beverages and tobacco products and online securities fraud. The owners of intellectual property rights or government authorities may seek to bring legal action against us if our platform is used for the sale of infringing items. These claims could result in reputational harm and any resulting liabilities, loss of transaction volume or increased costs could harm our business.

In addition, our services could be subject to unauthorized credit card use, identity theft, employee fraud or other internal security breaches. We may incur significant costs to protect against the threat of information security breaches or to respond to or alleviate problems caused by any breaches. Laws may require us to notify regulators, customers or employees of security breaches and we may be required to reimburse customers or banks for any funds stolen because of any breaches or to provide credit monitoring or identity theft protection in the event of a privacy breach. These requirements, as well as any additional restrictions that may be imposed by credit card companies, could raise our costs significantly and reduce our attractiveness.

In addition to the direct costs of such losses, if they are related to credit card transactions and become excessive they could result in us losing the right to accept credit cards for payment. Since credit cards are the most widely used method for our customers to pay for the products we sell, our business will be harmed if we are unable to accept credit cards.

We collect, store, process, and use certain personal information and other user data in our business. A significant risk associated with e-commerce and communications is the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks. The perception of privacy concerns, whether or not valid, may harm our business and results of operations. We must ensure that all processing, collection, use, storage, dissemination, transfer and disposal of data for which we are responsible comply with relevant data protection and privacy laws. The protection of our customer, employee and company data is critical to us. Currently, a number of our users authorize us to bill their credit card accounts directly. We rely on commercially available systems, software, tools and monitoring to provide secure processing, transmission and storage of confidential customer information, such as credit card and other personal information. Despite the security measures, we have in place, our facilities and systems, and those of our third-party service providers, may be vulnerable to security breaches, acts of vandalism, computer viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming or human errors, or other similar events. For example, in 2021, we experienced a cyberattack that targeted our subsidiary MOIP. For more information about that incident, see “Our business is subject to cyberattacks and security and privacy breaches.” We continue to monitor and review, on an ongoing basis, our IT systems, policies and security in an effort to avoid or remedy weaknesses, vulnerabilities or deficiencies. For more information, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—Protecting Our Clients—2021 MOIP Cybersecurity Incident.”

Any future security breach, or any perceived failure involving the misappropriation, loss or other unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, as well as any failure or perceived failure to comply with laws, policies, legal obligations or industry standards regarding data privacy and protection, whether by us or our vendors, could damage our reputation, expose us to litigation risk and liability, subject us to negative publicity, disrupt our operations and harm our business. Our security measures and remedial actions to address past cyberattacks may fail to prevent future security breaches, which could harm our business and financial results.

We believe the protection of our intellectual property, including our trademarks, patents, copyrights, domain names, trade dress, and trade secrets, is critical to our success. We seek to protect our intellectual property rights by relying on applicable laws and regulations, as well as a variety of administrative procedures. We also rely on contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary rights when offering or procuring products and services, including confidentiality agreements with parties with whom we conduct business.

However, contractual arrangements and other steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property may not prevent third parties from infringing or misappropriating our intellectual property or deter independent development of equivalent or superior intellectual property rights by others. Trademark, copyright, patent, domain name, trade dress and trade secret protection are expensive to maintain and may require litigation. Protecting our intellectual property rights and other proprietary rights is expensive and time-consuming and may not be successful in every jurisdiction. Also, we may not be able to discover or determine the extent of any unauthorized use of our proprietary rights. We have licensed certain of our proprietary rights, such as trademarks or copyrighted material, to others in the past, and expect to do so in the future. These licensees may take actions that diminish the value of our proprietary rights or harm our reputation. Any failure to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights adequately, or significant costs incurred in doing so, could materially harm our business.

As the number of products in the software industry increases and the functionalities of these products further overlap, and as we acquire technology through acquisitions or licenses, we may become increasingly subject to infringement claims, including patent, copyright, and trademark infringement claims. We may be required to enter into litigation to determine the validity and scope of the patents or other intellectual property rights of others. The ultimate outcome of any allegation is uncertain and, regardless of the outcome, any such claim, with or without merit, may be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, divert management’s time and attention from our business, require us to stop selling, delay shipping, or redesign our products, or require us to pay substantial amounts to satisfy judgments or settle claims or lawsuits or to pay substantial royalty or licensing fees, or to satisfy indemnification obligations that we have with some of our customers. Our failure to obtain necessary license or other rights, or litigation or claims arising out of intellectual property matters, may harm our business.

We are currently experiencing a period of significant expansion and anticipate that further expansion will be required to address potential growth in our customer base and market opportunities.

We must constantly add new hardware, update software, enhance and improve our billing and transaction systems, and add and train new engineers and other personnel to accommodate the increased use of our platforms and the new products and features we regularly introduce. This upgrade process is expensive, and the increasing complexity and enhancement of our website and mobile app results in higher costs. Failure to upgrade our technology, features, transaction processing systems, security infrastructure, or network infrastructure and customer channels or interfaces to accommodate increased traffic or transaction volume could harm our business. Adverse consequences could include unanticipated system disruptions, slower response times, degradation in levels of customer support, impaired quality of users’ experiences of our services and delays in reporting accurate financial information.

Our revenues depend on prompt and accurate transaction processes. Our failure to grow our transaction-processing capabilities to accommodate the increasing number of transactions that must be billed on our website would harm our business and our ability to collect revenue. Furthermore, we may need to enter into relationships with various strategic partners, websites and other online service providers and other third parties necessary to our business. The increased complexity of managing multiple commercial relationships could lead to execution problems that can affect current and future revenues, and operating margins.

We cannot assure you that our current and planned systems, procedures and controls, personnel and third-party relationships will be adequate to support our future operations. In addition, our current expansion has placed a significant strain on management and on our operational and financial resources, and this strain is expected to continue. Our failure to manage growth effectively could seriously harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Brazilian financial institutions must comply with the rules of the CMN and the Central Bank on capital adequacy, including minimum capital, which generally follow the Basel III regulatory framework. We cannot guarantee that BancoSeguro, upon increasing its operations, will have sufficient funds or resources available for its capitalization in the future, which could result in its inability to meet the capital adequacy requirements of the CMN and the Central Bank.

In addition, non-compliance with capital adequacy requirements may adversely affect BancoSeguro’s ability to distribute dividends and interest on equity to shareholders and may adversely affect its ability to operate and lend, which could cause BancoSeguro to sell its assets or take other measures that may adversely affect BancoSeguro’s, and consequently our, operating results and financial condition. If BancoSeguro were not able to comply with these capital adequacy requirements, regulators may impose sanctions on BancoSeguro, including administrative proceedings, fines, disqualification of directors and even withdrawal of operating authorization, which could have a material adverse effect on BancoSeguro’s, and consequently our, operations and financial conditions.

Moreover, on March 11, 2022, the Central Bank enacted a set of new rules providing for regulatory capital requirements applicable to payment institutions. This new framework, which will be gradually implemented beginning on January 1, 2023 and come fully into force by January 2025, will extend the proportionality of regulatory requirements that are currently applicable to conglomerates led by financial institutions to include conglomerates led by payment institutions.

Under this new regulation, certain of the Brazilian operating entities in our Group structure composed of BancoSeguro, PagSeguro Brazil and MOIP, will be classified as a Type 3 conglomerate, which is defined as a prudential conglomerate led by a payment institution and integrated by a financial institution or other institution authorized to operate by the Central Bank subject to Law No. 4,595/64. For additional information, see “Item 4.—Regulation—Regulation of the Payment Industry in Brazil—Recent Developments on Regulatory Capital Requirements for Payment Institutions”.

If BancoSeguro, PagSeguro Brazil and MOIP are not able to comply with the new regulatory capital requirements, the Central Bank may impose sanctions on these entities, which could have a significant adverse effect on our operations and financial conditions.

The Brazilian government has historically implemented or modified regulations that affect Brazilian financial institutions as part of its economic policy implementation. Such regulations are continuously modified by the Brazilian government to control credit availability and to reduce or increase consumption. Some of these controls are temporary in nature and may be modified from time to time in accordance with Brazilian government credit policies. Other controls have been introduced and have either remained stable or were gradually reduced. Such changes may adversely affect BancoSeguro’s, PagSeguro Brazil’s and MOIP’s, and consequently our, future operations and revenues.

BancoSeguro may expand its credit portfolio of transactions, increasing the origination and approval of new transactions, which could lead to an increase in late payments, default rates and expenses related to provisions, which would negatively affect our results of operations. Changes in interest rates and other variable market indexes could negatively affect our financial results. Our success depends on, among other factors, the balance between the risks and returns. We conduct credit checks on each of our customers to assess their risk profile, but we cannot assure you that our risk management systems will be sufficient to prevent losses from undetected risks in our customer portfolio, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

In connection with our acquiring business, we pay transaction fees to card schemes, banks and other intermediaries that vary according to the method chosen by consumers to fund payment transactions. These transaction fees are higher when consumers fund payments using credit cards, and lower when consumers fund payments with debit cards. Transaction fees are nominal when customers fund payment transactions by digital transfer of funds from bank accounts, and we pay no fees when customers fund payment transactions from an existing PagSeguro account balance. Our financial success is therefore sensitive to changes in the proportion of our business funded by consumers using credit, debit and prepaid cards, which would increase our costs if we were unable to adjust the rates we charge our customers accordingly. Consumers may resist funding payments by digital transfers from bank accounts because of the incentives offered by credit cards, for example, or general concerns about providing bank account information to a third party.

In connection with our issuing business, we earn interchange revenues that vary according to the type of card that we issue to our customers (a credit, debit or prepaid card). These interchange fees are subject to the terms defined by the card schemes, and in certain cases, these fees may also be subject to terms defined by regulators. Thus, our business and financial condition may be negatively affected by the terms of interchange fees established by card schemes and regulators.

As our payments ecosystem, merchant services and banking solutions include both acquiring and issuing business activities, changes in interchange rates that may negatively affect one side of our business may also positively affect the other side of our business. However, we cannot ensure that this correlation will offset a negative overall impact on our business and financial condition because of such variations in interchange rates and payment methods utilization mix.

Brazil has a series of strict consumer protection laws, referred to together as the Consumer Protection Code (Código de Defesa do Consumidor). These laws apply to all companies in Brazil that supply products or services to Brazilian consumers. They include protection against misleading and deceptive advertising, protection against coercive or unfair business practices and protection in the formation and interpretation of contracts, usually in the form of civil liabilities and administrative penalties for violations. These penalties are often levied by the Brazilian Consumer Protection Agencies (Fundação de Proteção e Defesa do Consumidor, or PROCONs), which oversee consumer issues on a district-by-district basis. Companies that operate across Brazil may face penalties from multiple PROCONs, as well as from the National Secretariat for Consumers (Secretaria Nacional do Consumidor, or SENACON). Companies may settle claims made by consumers via PROCONs by paying compensation for violations directly to consumers and through a mechanism that allows them to adjust their conduct, called a conduct adjustment agreement (Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta, or TAC). Brazilian Public Prosecutors may also commence investigations of alleged violations of consumer rights, and the TAC mechanism is also available as a sanction in those proceedings. Companies that violate TACs face potential automatic fines. Brazilian Public Prosecutors may also file public civil actions against companies who violate consumer rights, seeking strict observation of the consumer protection laws and compensation for any damages to consumers.

As of December 31, 2021, we had approximately 11,098 active judicial proceedings and proceedings with PROCONs and small claims courts relating to consumer rights. Most of these proceedings are related to consumer allegations of non-delivery of products by merchants and requests for withdrawal of digital account balances that were blocked by PagSeguro because they were under investigation for fraud or undergoing claim resolution. To the extent consumers file such claims against us in the future, we may be required to pay fines for non-compliance that could have a negative impact on our results of operations.

We receive scrutiny from various governmental agencies under competition laws. Other companies or governmental agencies may allege that our actions violate antitrust or competition laws, or otherwise constitute unfair competition. Contractual agreements with buyers, sellers, or other companies could give rise to regulatory action or antitrust investigations or litigation. Also, our unilateral business practices could give rise to regulatory action or antitrust investigations or litigation. Any such claims and investigations, even if they are unfounded, are usually very expensive to defend, involve negative publicity and substantial diversion of management time and effort, and could result in significant judgments against us.

We are defendants in a significant number of judicial proceedings, including indemnity, labor and tax proceedings. As of December 31, 2021, we have recorded R$38.2 million in provisions for current civil, labor and tax proceedings and no provisions for non-current proceedings. We have not recorded any provisions with respect to our proceedings in which our chance of loss has been deemed possible. We cannot guarantee that such proceedings will have favorable outcomes for us or that the provisions made will be sufficient to pay any amounts due. Any proceedings that require us to make substantial payments, affect our reputation or otherwise interfere with our business operations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

Additionally, we may not have sufficient funds to post collateral or provide guarantees in judicial or administrative proceedings that claim substantial amounts. Even if we do not post such collateral or provide guarantees, we will be liable for paying any amounts due pursuant to any unfavorable outcomes in legal proceedings. We cannot assure you that, if we cannot make such payments, our assets, including financial assets, will not be attached, or that we will be able to obtain tax good standing certificates, all of which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may occasionally acquire or invest in complementary companies or businesses. The success of an acquisition or investment will depend on our ability to make accurate assumptions regarding the valuation, operations, growth potential, integration and other factors related to that business. We cannot assure you that our acquisitions or investments will produce the results that we expect at the time we enter into or complete a given transaction. Furthermore, acquisitions may result in difficulties integrating the acquired companies, and may result in the diversion of our capital and our management’s attention from other business issues and opportunities. We may not be able to successfully integrate the operations that we acquire, including their personnel, financial systems, distribution or operating procedures. If we fail to integrate acquisitions successfully, our business could suffer. In addition, the expense of integrating any acquired business and their results of operations may harm our operating results.

We provide third-party developers with access to application programming interfaces, software development kits and other tools designed to allow them to produce applications for use, with a particular focus on mobile applications. There can be no assurance that merchants or third-party developers will develop and maintain applications and services on our open platforms on a timely basis or at all. A number of factors could cause them to curtail or stop development for our platforms. In addition, our business is subject to many regulatory restrictions. It is possible that merchants and third-party developers who utilize our development platforms or tools could violate these regulatory restrictions and we may be held responsible for such violations, which could harm our business.

We are a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability. Our material assets are our direct and indirect equity interests in our subsidiaries, particularly PagSeguro Brazil, our Brazilian operating company, which we refer to as PagSeguro Brazil. We are, therefore, dependent upon payments, dividends and distributions from our subsidiaries for funds to pay our operating and other expenses and to pay future cash dividends or distributions, if any, to holders of our Class A common shares or Class B common shares, and we may have tax costs in connection with any dividend or distribution. Furthermore, exchange rate fluctuations will affect the U.S. dollar value of any distributions our subsidiaries make with respect to our equity interests in those subsidiaries. See “Risks Relating to Brazil—The Brazilian government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over the Brazilian economy. This involvement as well as Brazil’s political and economic conditions could harm us and the price of our Class A common shares,” “Risks Relating to Our Class A Common Shares—We have not adopted a dividend policy with respect to future dividends. If we do not declare any dividends in the future, you will have to rely on price appreciation of our Class A common shares in order to achieve a return on your investment.” and “Item 10. Additional Information—Memorandum and Articles of Association—Dividends and Capitalization of Profits.”

Natural disasters, such as fires or floods, the outbreak of a widespread health epidemic, or pandemic such as the outbreak of COVID-19, or other events, such as wars, acts of terrorism, political events, environmental accidents, power shortages or communication interruptions could seriously harm our business. The occurrence of a disaster or similar event could materially disrupt our business and operations. These events could also cause us to close our operating facilities temporarily, which would severely disrupt our operations and seriously harm our business and results of operations. In addition, our net sales could be significantly reduced to the extent that a natural disaster, health epidemic, pandemic or other major event harms the economy of Brazil or any other jurisdictions where we may operate. Our operations could also be severely disrupted if our customers, merchants or other participants were affected by natural disasters, health epidemics or pandemic or other major events.

Furthermore, the spread of communicable diseases such as the COVID-19 pandemic may affect investment sentiment, cause disruptions and result in volatility in global markets, potentially affecting the Brazilian economy and investment outlook. In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China and cases of infected patients have since been reported in other regions, including reported cases in Brazil in, among other locations, the city of São Paulo, where we have our headquarters. On March 11, 2020, the WHO designated COVID-19 as a pandemic. The spread of this virus has caused certain business, market and travel disruptions globally and particularly in infected regions. These disruptions include large-scale business shut downs, quarantine orders and mobility restrictions across Brazil and the world, negative impacts on Brazil’s and the world’s economy and financial market volatility, including volatility in the price of our Class A common shares. These disruptions have already had a direct impact on our TPV in the first and second quarters of 2020 as most of the Brazilian state capitals were under partial shut down since mid-March 2020. Partial shut downs are affecting all non-food retail stores, shopping malls, cinemas, soccer matches, concerts, cultural events, public parks, among other businesses. Under the partial shut downs, bars and restaurants may only operate home delivery services or takeout operations. As a result, we could experience net income shortfalls from operations, which could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations.

Should the number of infected patients further increase in Brazil, it is possible that these disruptions would further affect the Brazilian economy and the financial markets, consequently having an adverse effect our results of operations and the trading price of our common shares. For example, if any Brazilian residents, including our employees, are suspected of having contracted a communicable disease such as the coronavirus, they may be subjected to quarantines, in addition to the stay-at-home orders and mobility limitations already applicable to the general population in various Brazilian cities. On a business level, this could mean that our or other companies’ operations may be suspended. Any such further outbreak could more generally restrict economic activities in affected regions in Brazil, resulting in reduced business volume or temporary closures of our or other companies’ facilities, or otherwise disrupting our business operations. In particular, we may experience a shortage in some of the key components used to manufacture our POS devices due to disruptions caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in China, where these components are manufactured. In addition, Brazil has been facing the emergence of new COVID-19 variants, which have been causing a significant increase in the number of infections, hospitalizations and deaths. This could prolong the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and across the world, and result in new quarantine and lockdown periods, travel and public transport restrictions, prolonged closure of workplaces, supply chain disruptions and a general reduction in consumption. New COVID-19 variants may adversely affect the capital markets and the price of our common shares.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented a remote working arrangement for our employees, which could adversely affect our ability to execute our business plans and operations. Should, for example, a natural disaster, power outage, connectivity issue or any other similar event impact our employees’ ability to work remotely, it could be difficult or even impossible to maintain our business activities for a substantial period. In addition, remote working may amplify certain risks to our businesses due to increased demand for information technology resources combined with increased risk of “phishing” frauds and other cybersecurity attacks, increased risk of unauthorized dissemination of sensitive personal or confidential information and increased risk of business interruptions. We may also face transportation difficulties to seek new clients as a result of the restrictive measures imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and a deterioration in our customer service quality due to the remote working arrangements we have implemented. We may be obligated to take further measures if required by the applicable government authorities or if we determine they are in the best interest of our employees, customers and business partners. In addition, if the COVID-19 pandemic continues, our business may be impacted by changes in consumer spending patterns. Factors that could affect consumer willingness to purchase non-essential items include, but are not limited to, general business conditions, employment levels, interest rates, tax rates, consumer credit availability, consumer confidence in future economic conditions or risks and public perceptions of risks related to epidemics or pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In the event of a prolonged economic downturn or acute recession, consumer behavior may be adversely affected, causing our results of operations to fall below expectations.

It is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic will evolve throughout 2022 and the following years. In the first quarter of 2021, we experienced a new round of lockdown measures across Brazil due to “Delta” strain infections, which resulted in closures of public and private establishments and an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations, leading the government to implement additional restrictions. During this period, our business volumes decreased, negatively affecting our financial performance and condition. Since the second quarter of 2021, the number of cases in Brazil began to decrease again, and restrictions were slowly eased throughout the year, leading to improvements in our financial results from an increase in credit transactions instead of debit, in addition to an increase in the number of new customers using our instant prepayment products. The increase in demand for our instant prepayment products greatly increased our working capital needs, which were covered by CD issuances, CCB hiring and additional deposits made by merchants and consumers, and the securitization of receivables through bank issuers. It is difficult to predict how the COVID-19 pandemic will evolve and whether any future restrictions may be imposed that may result in difficulties related to employee absences, supply chain disruptions, deterioration of our customers’ financial health, higher costs and expenses associated with customers cutting costs and not engaging with our services and products, among other operational difficulties. We may need to adopt further contingency measures, which may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial changes in consumer behavior, restrictions on business and individual activities and higher unemployment rates, which have led to reduced economic activity. Extraordinary actions taken by international, federal, state and local public health and governmental authorities to contain and combat the outbreak and spread of COVID-19 in regions throughout the world, such as travel bans, quarantines, “stay-at-home” orders, suspension of interest accrual and similar mandates for many individuals and businesses to substantially restrict daily activities, have caused and may continue to cause a decrease in consumer activity generally.

We are not aware of any comparable event that could give us any guidance with respect to the effects of a global pandemic and the spread of COVID-19. Consequently, there is uncertainty around the duration of these disruptions, the possibility of any government intervention or other measures, or the possibility of other economic effects on the stock market, foreign exchange rates and otherwise. The extent to which the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic impact our results, including the results of our clients, will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, such as any new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the coronavirus, its potential spread to other regions and government actions to contain the outbreak or treat its impact, among others.

The Brazilian government frequently exercises significant influence over the Brazilian economy and occasionally makes significant changes in policy and regulations. The Brazilian government’s actions to control inflation and other policies and regulations have often involved, among other measures, increases in interest rates, changes in tax policies, price controls, foreign exchange rate controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports. We have no control over and cannot predict what measures or policies the Brazilian government may take in the future. We and the market price of our securities may be harmed by changes in Brazilian government policies, as well as general economic factors, including, without limitation:

•growth or downturn of the Brazilian economy;

•interest rates and monetary policies;

•exchange rates and currency fluctuations;

•inflation;

•liquidity of the domestic capital and lending markets;

•import and export controls;

•exchange controls and restrictions on remittances abroad;

•modifications to laws and regulations according to political, social and economic interests;

•fiscal policy and changes in tax laws;

•economic, political and social instability;

•labor and social security regulations; and

•other political, social and economic developments in or affecting Brazil.

It is expected that during 2022, the Brazilian government will address two other important reforms regarding the tax system and administrative structure that may affect the macroeconomic environment. We cannot predict what measures the Brazilian government will take in the face of mounting macroeconomic pressures or otherwise. Uncertainty over whether the Brazilian government will implement changes in policy or regulation affecting these or other factors in the future may affect economic performance and contribute to economic uncertainty in Brazil, which may have an adverse effect on us and our Class A common shares. Recent economic and political instability has led to a negative perception of the Brazilian economy and higher volatility in the Brazilian securities markets, which also may adversely affect us and our Class A common shares. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Principal Factors Affecting Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations —Brazilian political environment and macroeconomic conditions, interest rates, consumer credit and consumer spending.”

The recent economic instability in Brazil has contributed to a decline in market confidence in the Brazilian economy as well as to a deteriorating political environment. Consequently, uncertainty as to whether the Brazilian government will manage to pass the necessary economic reforms to prevent public accounts and the economy from deteriorating may lead to a decline in market confidence in the Brazilian economy and a crisis in government.

The economic outlook for 2022 continues to face significant uncertainties. Since 2020, the Brazilian economy was expected to continue recovering at a moderate pace. However, due to the global economic downturn triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Brazilian economy in 2020 underwent a contraction of 4.1% in gross domestic product, or GDP. However, in 2021, the Brazilian economy grew 4.6% in GDP, reflecting the increased activity experienced in various Brazilian industries, such as transportation, services and logistics. As of January 2022, according to the International Monetary Fund, or the IMF, Brazil’s GDP growth rate for 2022 is expected to be stagnant, estimated at 0.3%, mainly due to persistently high inflation, the consequent sharp rise in interest rates, and the worsening of family and business confidence indicators, in addition to the uncertainty in global markets caused by the ongoing war in Ukraine.

In addition, various investigations into allegations of money laundering and corruption being conducted by the Office of the Brazilian Federal Prosecutor, including the largest such investigation, known as “Operação Lava Jato,” have continued to negatively impact the Brazilian economy and political environment.

Under “Operação Lava Jato” members of the Brazilian government and of the legislative branch, as well as senior officers of large state-owned and private companies, have faced allegations and, in certain cases, convictions, or, also, entering into plea bargains, related to crimes of political corruption, involving alleged bribes by means of kickbacks on contracts granted by the government to several infrastructure, oil and gas and construction companies. The profits of these kickbacks allegedly financed the political campaigns of political parties of the government that were unaccounted for or not publicly disclosed, in addition to alleged personal enrichment of the recipients of the bribes and the favoring of companies in contracts with the Brazilian government. Furthermore, certain of these companies have been investigated, and, in certain cases, being convicted by the competent authorities, such as the CVM, the SEC and the United States Department of Justice. Certain of these companies have chosen to enter into leniency agreements with the competent authorities, when possible. The outcome of these investigations, convictions, plea bargaining and leniency agreements have had an adverse impact on the image and reputation of the implicated companies, political parties and on the general market perception of the Brazilian economy and political environment. Although “Operação Lava Jato” was formally closed by the Office of the Brazilian Federal Prosecutor on February 1, 2021, we cannot predict whether such investigations will lead to further political and economic instability or whether new allegations against government officials, officers or companies will arise in the future. In addition, we cannot predict the outcome of any such investigations or allegations nor their effect on the Brazilian economy. In addition, the former president, Mr. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, began serving a 12-year prison sentence on corruption and money laundering charges in April 2018, but he was released from prison in November 2019 following a Brazilian Federal Supreme Court ruling. The Brazilian Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal) subsequently annulled the criminal convictions against Mr. Lula da Silva and reinstated his political rights, which may further deepen political tensions in Brazil and have enabled him to run for president in the elections expected to take place in October 2022. Historically, in election years, especially presidential elections, levels of foreign investment in Brazil are reduced, and political uncertainty creates greater instability and volatility in the domestic economy. The outcome of the 2022 presidential election and its impact on the Brazilian economy are uncertain and may adversely affect our operations and financial results. The president of Brazil has the power to determine policies and issue governmental acts related to the conduct of the Brazilian economy and, consequently, affect the operations and financial performance of companies like ours. We cannot predict which policies the president elected in 2022 will adopt, or whether such policies or changes in current policies could adversely affect us or the Brazilian economy.

Furthermore, the current President of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro, has proposed several important reforms during his time in office thus far. Bolsonaro has also reportedly favored the privatization of state-owned companies, economic liberalization, new pension legislation and tax reforms. However, of the set of reforms that were part of Bolsonaro’s electoral campaign platform, few have been implemented, with pension reform being the most important. With his polarizing style, Bolsonaro has demonstrated a reduced ability to negotiate with the Brazilian congress to approve important measures for economic growth and as such, these negotiations have been delegated to certain government ministries. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, such negotiations have taken a back seat to emergency measures to limit the spread of COVID-19 and to meet the basic food needs of Brazil’s most underprivileged population. Many of the emergency measures being considered or implemented by the Central Bank or the Ministry of Economy, which affect Brazil’s financial system, may have adverse effects on the Brazilian economy as a whole and on the Brazilian payment methods market, in which we operate. We cannot predict which further policies Jair Bolsonaro or the Brazilian government in general may propose, adopt or change or the effect that any such policies might have on our business and on the Brazilian economy. Additionally, statements made by Mr. Bolsonaro during his tenure, such as multiple replacements of the chief executive officer of Petrobras following disagreements over fuel price policies, contributed to significant market volatility in Brazil and also indicate possible deviations from his campaign promises in favor of liberal economic policies. In April 2022, Mr. Bolsonaro clashed with the Brazilian Supreme Court following his pardon of a congressman sentenced to a lengthy prison term, further evidencing the current climate of political instability and conflict across Brazilian branches of government.

There has also been a political setback against the Brazilian federal government in relation to the measures taken to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, vis-à-vis state and municipal governments. This setback and the worsening state of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, combined with delays in a mass vaccination program in Brazil in 2021, has adversely affected the Brazilian federal government. Mr. Bolsonaro’s COVID-19 responses have also been criticized in Brazil and abroad. COVID-19 disruptive effects have enhanced political uncertainty and instability in Brazil, particularly considering political discussions that culminated in the dismissal or after the resignation of highly ranked federal ministers as well as the emergence of additional corruption allegations against Mr. Bolsonaro. On April 27, 2021, the Brazilian Senate established a parliamentary commission of inquiry (Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito), or CPI, to investigate the alleged mishandling of public funds assigned to combat COVID-19 effects in Brazil. The CPI’s purpose was to investigate actions and omissions by the Federal Government while fighting the pandemic, as well as the healthcare system collapse in the State of Amazonas in early 2021. The CPI’s final report, which was approved by a majority of CPI members, was presented to the Brazilian Public Prosecutor's Office (Procuradoria-Geral da República) and the Brazilian Supreme Court in October 2021. The report recommended the indictment of 78 individuals and two companies, including that of Mr. Bolsonaro for allegedly committing at least nine crimes while handling the COVID-19 pandemic. If Mr. Bolsonaro is indicted by the Brazilian Attorney General’s Office (Advocacia-Geral da União), there may be an impeachment proceeding or trial by the Brazilian Supreme Court, which may have material adverse effects on Brazil’s political and economic environment.

Brazil is expected to continue to run a budget deficit for 2022 and the years going forward. The 2021 budget bill, which was introduced in July 2020, was approved with a deficit of R$247.1 billion. In January 2022, the Brazilian federal government approved the 2022 budget bill, also with a deficit of R$79.3 billion. We cannot predict the impact of this budget deficit on the Brazilian economy. The political and economic instability in 2020 and 2021 has negatively affected consumer confidence in Brazil. The Fundação Getúlio Vargas Consumer index presented a decrease of 3.0 points from 78.5 points in 2020 to 75.5 points in 2021.

We cannot predict which policies the Brazilian federal government may adopt or change or the effect that any such policies might have on our business or on the Brazilian economy. Any such new policies or changes to current policies may have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. Worsening political and economic conditions in Brazil may increase production and supply chain costs and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Uncertainty as to whether the Brazilian government will implement changes in policies or regulations affecting these or other factors in the future may contribute to economic uncertainty in Brazil and to heightened volatility in our business.

In the past, Brazil has experienced extremely high rates of inflation. Inflation and some of the measures taken by the Brazilian government in an attempt to curb inflation have had significant negative effects on the Brazilian economy generally. Inflation, policies adopted to curb inflationary pressures and uncertainties regarding possible future governmental intervention have contributed to economic uncertainty and heightened volatility in the Brazilian capital markets.

According to the National Consumer Price Index (Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo), or IPCA, Brazilian inflation rates are 11.30%, as of March 2022 considering the accumulated inflation for the last 12 months, and were 10.06%, 4.52% and 4.31% in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Brazil may experience high levels of inflation in the future and inflationary pressures may lead to the Brazilian government’s intervening in the economy and introducing policies that could harm our business and the price of our Class A common shares. In the past, the Brazilian government’s interventions included the maintenance of a restrictive monetary policy with high interest rates that restricted credit availability and reduced economic growth, causing volatility in interest rates. For example, the SELIC (Sistema Especial de Liquidação e de Custódia), the Central Bank’s overnight rate, as established by the Monetary Policy Committee (Comitê de Política Monetária do Banco Central do Brasil), or COPOM, was 9.25%, 2.0% and 4.5% in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of March 31, 2022, the SELIC rate was 11.75%. Conversely, with the Brazilian government that has been focused on COVID-19 related stimulus, Central Bank policies and severe interest rate fluctuations have triggered and may continue to trigger increases in inflation, and, consequently, growth volatility and the need for sudden and significant additional interest rate increases, which could negatively affect us and increase our indebtedness.

The Brazilian currency has been historically volatile and has been devalued frequently over the past three decades. Throughout this period, the Brazilian government has implemented various economic plans and used various exchange rate policies, including sudden devaluations, periodic mini-devaluations (during which the frequency of adjustments has ranged from daily to monthly), exchange controls, dual exchange rate markets and a floating exchange rate system. Although long-term depreciation of the real is generally linked to the rate of inflation in Brazil, depreciation of the real occurring over shorter periods of time has resulted in significant variations in the exchange rate between the real, the U.S. dollar and other currencies. The real/U.S. dollar exchange rate reported by the Central Bank was R$3.9048 per U.S. dollar on December 31, 2015, and R$3.2591 per U.S. dollar on December 31, 2016, reflecting a 16.4% nominal appreciation of the real against the U.S. dollar. Between year-end 2016 and year-end 2017, the real remained relatively stable, depreciating 1.5% against the U.S. dollar in nominal terms. Between year-end 2017 and 2018, the real depreciated greatly, by 16.9%, against the U.S. dollar, primarily as a result of (i) global U.S. dollar appreciation and the pressure on long-term interest rates in the U.S., (ii) an increase in Brazil’s risk premium, and (iii) lower interest rates in Brazil, which reduced the volume of foreign currency deposited in Brazil in the “carry trade,” as well as uncertainty regarding the results of the Brazilian presidential elections held in October 2018. Between year-end 2018 and 2019, the real depreciated by 4.1% in nominal terms against the U.S. dollar, reaching R$4.0307 per U.S. dollar on December 31, 2019, primarily as a result of uncertainty regarding pension reform in Brazil and tensions in the US-China trade policy. The real depreciated significantly in 2020, by 28.9%, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the prospects for a global economic recession and a sharp increase in risk premiums, political crisis and volatility in financial markets. The real/U.S. dollar exchange rate reported by the Central Bank was R$5.1967 per U.S. dollar on December 31, 2020 and R$5.5805 per U.S. dollar on December 31, 2021, corresponding to a devaluation of 7.3% in nominal terms, after reaching record levels close to R$5.7500 per U.S. dollar during different times throughout the year. In early 2022, the exchange rate environment changed as a result of a new boom in commodity prices and a simultaneous increase in international capital flows into Brazil due to the economical effects of the ongoing war in Ukraine and the negative global supply scenario. In addition, the increase in the SELIC interest rate during 2021 also contributed to the strong appreciation of the real against the U.S. dollar. As of March 2022, the exchange rate was R$4.7378 per U.S. dollar, reflecting an appreciation of 15% as compared to the 2021 year-end exchange rate. However, there is no guarantee that the Brazilian real will not appreciate further or depreciate again against the U.S. dollar, or against any other currency in the future, as a result of the expected market trends, such as the extreme uncertainty in the international economic environment, the volatility in the capital markets, as well as political, fiscal and electoral uncertainties in Brazil, especially in view of the presidential elections expected to take place in October 2022.

A devaluation of the real relative to the U.S. dollar could further exacerbate already intense create inflationary pressures in Brazil and cause the Brazilian government to, among other measures, continue to increase interest rates. Any depreciation of the real may generally restrict access to the international capital markets. It would also reduce the U.S. dollar value of our results. Restrictive macroeconomic policies could reduce the stability of the Brazilian economy and harm our results of operations and profitability. In addition, domestic and international reactions to restrictive economic policies could have a negative impact on the Brazilian economy. These policies and any reactions to them may harm us by curtailing access to foreign financial markets and prompting further government intervention. A devaluation of the real relative to the U.S. dollar may also, as in the context of the current economic slowdown, decrease consumer spending, increase deflationary pressures and reduce economic growth.

On the other hand, an appreciation of the real relative to the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies may deteriorate the Brazilian foreign exchange current accounts. We and certain of our suppliers purchase goods and services from countries outside Brazil, and thus changes in the value of the U.S. dollar compared to other currencies may affect the costs of goods and services that we purchase. Depending on the circumstances, either devaluation or appreciation of the real relative to the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies could restrict the growth of the Brazilian economy, as well as our business, results of operations and profitability.

Our performance depends on the overall health and growth of the Brazilian economy. Brazilian GDP growth has fluctuated over the past few years, with a contraction of 3.3% in 2016, growth of 1.3% in 2017 and 1.8% in 2018, and growth of 1.2% in 2019. Due to the global economic downturn triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Brazilian economy in 2020 underwent a contraction of 3.9% in GDP. At the end of 2020 and especially during the beginning of 2021, government stimulus packages, credit growth, and the gradual reopening of the retail and services industries allowed the economy to recover, which intensified at the end of 2021, after the successful vaccination campaign against COVID-19, leading to GDP growth of 4.6% in 2021. At the beginning of 2022, the available economic data indicates a stagnation of this recovery, caused by persistent and high inflation rates, the consequent sharp rise in interest rates, and the worsening of family and business confidence indicators. As of January 2022, according to the IMF, Brazil's GDP growth rate is expected to be 0.3% in 2022. Growth is limited by inadequate infrastructure, including potential energy shortages and deficient transportation, logistics and telecommunication sectors, the lack of a qualified labor force, and the lack of private and public investments in these areas, which limit productivity and efficiency. Any of these factors could lead to labor market volatility and generally impact income, purchasing power and consumption levels, which could limit growth and ultimately have a material adverse effect on us.

The market for securities issued by Brazilian companies is influenced by economic and market conditions in Brazil and, to varying degrees, market conditions in other Latin American and emerging markets, as well as the United States, Europe and other countries. To the extent the conditions of the global markets or economy deteriorate, the business of Brazilian companies may be harmed. The weakness in the global economy has been marked by, among other adverse factors, lower levels of consumer and corporate confidence, decreased business investment and consumer spending, increased unemployment, reduced income and asset values in many areas, reduction of China’s growth rate, currency volatility and limited availability of credit and access to capital. Developments or economic conditions in other emerging market countries have at times significantly affected the availability of credit to Brazilian companies and resulted in considerable outflows of funds from Brazil, decreasing the amount of foreign investments in Brazil.

On March 11, 2020, the WHO declared the outbreak of COVID-19 to be a pandemic, leading government authorities throughout the world to determine the best practices for taking preventive measures and treating infected persons. Consequently, the COVID-19 outbreak resulted in various governments throughout the world imposing restrictions relating to the movement of people in order to contain the spread of the virus, including travel restrictions, social distancing mandates and lockdowns. As a result, countries have imposed travel and public transportation restrictions, extended workplace closures, supply chain interruptions, commercial shutdowns, and reduced consumption by the population in general, all of which may have significant adverse effects on the global and Brazilian economy. The adoption of the measures described above, combined with the uncertainties caused by the outbreak of COVID-19, had an adverse impact on the economy and on the global capital markets, including in Brazil, triggering the circuit breaker of the São Paulo Stock Exchange (B3 S.A. - Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão, or the B3) eight times in March 2020. For more information on risks relating to COVID-19, see “Risks Relating to our Business and Industry—An occurrence of a natural disaster, widespread health epidemic or pandemic or other outbreaks could seriously harm our business and results of operations. Furthermore, the spread of communicable diseases such as the COVID-19 outbreak on a global scale may affect investment sentiment, cause disruptions and result in sporadic volatility in global markets. As a result, the Brazilian economy and outlook may be affected, and consequently, our business and trading price of our common shares could be adversely affected.”

Crises and political instability in other emerging market countries, the United States, Europe or other countries, such as the global outbreak of COVID-19, could decrease investor demand for Brazilian securities, such as our Class A common shares. In June 2016, the United Kingdom had a referendum in which the majority voted to leave the European Union. We have no control over and cannot predict the effect of the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union nor over whether and to which effect any other member state will decide to exit the European Union in the future. On January 20, 2021, Joe Biden became the President of the United States. We have no control over and cannot predict the effect of Joe Biden’s administration or policies. These developments, including the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic effects in other countries, the ongoing war in Ukraine that escalated following the Russian invasion in early 2022, as well as potential crises and forms of political instability arising therefrom or any other as of yet unforeseen development, may harm our business and the price of our Class A common shares.

We may be harmed by investors’ perceptions of risks related to Brazil’s sovereign debt credit rating. Rating agencies regularly evaluate Brazil and its sovereign ratings, which are based on a number of factors including macroeconomic trends, fiscal and budgetary conditions, indebtedness metrics and the perspective of changes in any of these factors.

Brazil has lost its investment grade sovereign debt credit rating with the three main U.S. based credit rating agencies, Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch. Standard & Poor’s downgraded Brazil’s sovereign debt credit rating from BB+ to BB in February 2016 and further reduced it to BB- in January 2018 with a stable outlook. In December 2019, Standard & Poor’s reaffirmed the BB- rating, raising the outlook from stable to positive. However, in April 2020, Standard & Poor’s downgraded Brazil’s public debt rating outlook from positive to stable, citing Brazil’s decrease in GDP for 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and Brazil’s higher level of spending aimed at fighting COVID-19 and preventing mass layoffs. On November 2021, S&P reaffirmed Brazil’s BB- rating, with a stable outlook, based on the assumption that Brazil will be able to stabilize its recent increase in public debt. However, the agency of the possibility of a future downgrade if Brazil fails to control its public spending.

In August 2015, Moody has placed Brazil’s Baa3 sovereign debt credit rating on review and downgraded Brazil’s sovereign credit rating in February 2016 to Ba2 with a negative outlook, citing the prospect for further deterioration in Brazil’s indebtedness figures amid a recession and challenging political environment. In April 2018, Moody has reaffirmed the Ba2 rating, but raised the outlook from negative to stable, citing expectations that the winner of the October 2018 presidential elections will pass fiscal reforms. In March 2020, Moody has maintained Brazil’s stable rating, citing that Brazil’s response to COVID-19 mitigates the severe impact on growth but at some fiscal cost, and that the deterioration of fiscal and debt metrics is expected to be temporary and limited to 2020 due to the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic. Moody’s reaffirmed Brazil’s Ba2 stable rating in February 2021. Since then, Moody has maintained this sub-investment grade rating on Brazil's sovereign credit, with a stable outlook. Brazil's government debt is almost 90% of its GDP, well above the average for its emerging market peers.

Fitch downgraded Brazil’s sovereign credit rating to BB with a negative outlook in May 2016, citing the country’s rapidly expanding budget deficit and worse-than-expected recession, and further downgraded Brazil’s sovereign debt credit rating in February 2018 to BB- with a stable outlook. In November 2019, Fitch reaffirmed the BB- rating. In April 2020, Fitch reported that the spread of COVID-19, the drop in commodity prices, tighter external funding conditions and falling domestic financial asset prices will weaken economic growth in Latin America substantially in 2020, compounding downward pressure on sovereign credit profiles in the region. In May 2020, Fitch maintained Brazil’s credit rating at BB-, but changed its outlook from stable to negative, citing the deterioration of Brazil’s fiscal and economic environment and that both could worsen due to political uncertainties, as well as uncertainties regarding the duration and intensity of the COVID-19 pandemic. On December 2021, Fitch reaffirmed Brazil's BB- ratings with a negative outlook. According to the agency, this outlook reflects downside risks to the economy and public finances, and the debt trajectory in the context of tightened financing conditions and increased doubts about the credibility of the established spending ceiling, which is Brazil's main fiscal anchor, following changes to its calculation to make room for additional social spending. Fiscal uncertainties, high inflation and currency volatility is expected to weigh on the Brazilian economy in 2022 and have increased the risk of a recession, while higher sovereign borrowing costs coupled with a higher primary deficit will lead to a renewed deterioration of public finances in 2022. Downside risks could be exacerbated by a potentially polarizing election, which is expected to occur in October 2022.

Brazil’s sovereign credit rating is currently rated below investment grade by the three main credit rating agencies. Consequently the prices of securities issued by Brazilian companies have been negatively affected. A prolongation or worsening of the current Brazilian recession and continued political uncertainty, among other factors, could lead to further ratings downgrades. Any further downgrade of Brazil’s sovereign credit ratings could heighten investors’ perception of risk and, as a result, cause the trading price of our Class A common shares to decline.

In 2014, Brazil enacted the Brazilian Civil Rights Framework for the Internet, setting forth principles, guarantees, rights and duties for the use of the internet in Brazil, including provisions about internet service provider liability, internet user privacy and internet neutrality. In May 2016, further regulations were passed in connection with the Brazilian Civil Rights Framework for the Internet. However, unlike in the United States, little case law exists around the Brazilian Civil Rights Framework for the Internet and existing jurisprudence has not been consistent. Furthermore, in 2018, Brazil enacted the LGPD, which became fully effective in 2020. The LGPD governs data owners’ rights – such as access to its data, correction of data (if incomplete, incorrect or out of date), erasure of data, with whom the data is shared, among others –, the legal basis that establish in which cases data can be processed, as well as fines and penalties applicable for non-compliant entities. For more information on risks regarding the LGPD, see “We are subject to risks associated with noncompliance with the General Data Protection Law and may be adversely affected by investing in measures to adapt to new laws, the imposition of fines and other types of penalties.” As was the case with the Brazilian Civil Rights Framework for the Internet, little case law exists regarding the LGPD since it only came into force in 2020. Legal uncertainty arising from the limited guidance provided by current laws in force allows for different judges or courts to decide very similar claims in different ways and establish contradictory jurisprudence. This legal uncertainty allows for rulings against us and could set adverse precedents, which individually or in the aggregate could seriously harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, legal uncertainty may harm our customers’ perception and use of our service.

Our Class B common shares are entitled to 10 votes per share and our Class A common shares are entitled to one vote per share. Our Class B common shares are convertible into an equivalent number of Class A common shares and generally convert into Class A common shares upon transfer subject to limited exceptions. UOL controls our company and holds all of our outstanding Class B common shares, representing 38.96% of our issued share capital. As of March 31, 2022, UOL also held 864.862 of our outstanding Class A common shares. Because of the ten-to-one voting ratio between our Class B common shares and Class A common shares, these Class B common shares give UOL approximately 86.38% of the voting power of our issued share capital. UOL therefore controls the outcome of all decisions at our shareholders’ meetings, and is able to elect a majority of the members of our board of directors. It is also able to direct our actions in areas such as business strategy, financing, distributions, acquisitions and dispositions of assets or businesses. UOL’s decisions on these matters may be contrary to your expectations or preferences, and it may take actions that could be contrary to your interests. It will be able to prevent any other shareholders, including you, from blocking these actions. For further information regarding shareholdings in our company, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders.”

If UOL sells or transfers any of its Class B common shares, they will generally convert automatically into Class A common shares, subject to limited exceptions, such as transfers to affiliates, to trustees for the holder or its affiliates and certain transfers to U.S. tax-exempt organizations. The fact that any Class B common shares convert into Class A common shares if UOL sells or transfers them means that UOL will in many situations continue to control a majority of the combined voting power of our outstanding share capital, due to the voting rights of any Class B common shares that it retains. If our Class B common shares at any time represent less than 10% of the combined voting power of our Class A common shares and Class B common shares together, however, the Class B common shares then outstanding will automatically convert into Class A common shares. For a description of the dual class structure, see “Item 10. Additional Information—Memorandum and Articles of Association.”

The market price of our Class A common shares may decline because of sales of a large number of our Class A common shares in the market (including Class A common shares issuable upon conversion of Class B common shares) or the perception that these sales may occur. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate.

As of December 31, 2021, we have outstanding 202,053,365 Class A common shares (including treasury shares) and 127,554,861 Class B common shares. All Class B common shares are beneficially owned by UOL. The Class A common shares sold in our October 2019 follow-on offering are freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act by persons other than our affiliates within the meaning of Rule 144 of the Securities Act.

Our shareholders or entities controlled by them or their permitted transferees are able to sell their shares in the public market from time to time without registering them, subject to certain limitations on the timing, amount and method of those sales imposed by regulations promulgated by the SEC. If any of our shareholders, the affiliated entities controlled by them or their respective permitted transferees were to sell a large number of their Class A common shares, the market price of our Class A common shares may decline significantly. In addition, the perception in the public markets that sales by them might occur may also cause the trading price of our Class A common shares to decline.

We have not adopted a dividend policy with respect to future dividends. The amount of any distributions will depend on many factors such as our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, prospects and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors or, where applicable, our shareholders. Accordingly, if we do not declare dividends in the future, investors will most likely have to rely on sales of their Class A common shares, which may increase or decrease in value, as the only way to realize cash from their investment. There is no guarantee that the price of our Class A common shares will ever exceed the price that you pay.

We may issue additional equity securities to raise capital, make acquisitions, or for a variety of other purposes. Additional issuances of our shares may be made pursuant to the exercise or conversion of convertible debt securities, warrants, stock options or other equity incentive awards such as the LTIP and LTIP-Goals. Any strategic partnership, issuance or placement of shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares may affect the market price of our shares and could result in dilution of your equity interest.

The trading market for our Class A common shares depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our Class A common shares could decline, which might cause the market price and trading volume of our Class A common shares to decline.

In July 2017, S&P Dow Jones, a provider of widely followed stock indices, announced that companies with multiple share classes, such as ours, will not be eligible for inclusion in certain of their indices. As a result, our Class A common shares are not eligible for these stock indices. Many investment funds are precluded from investing in companies that are not included in such indices, and these funds would be unable to purchase our Class A common shares if we were not included in such indices. We cannot assure you that other stock indices will not take a similar approach to S&P Dow Jones in the future. Exclusion from indices could make our Class A common shares less attractive to investors and, as a result, the market price of our Class A common shares could be adversely affected.

We are a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability. Our corporate affairs are governed by our Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders and the responsibilities of members of our board of directors may be different from the rights of shareholders and responsibilities of directors in companies governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions. In the performance of its duties, the board of directors of a solvent Cayman Islands exempted company is required to consider the company’s interests, which is generally defined with reference to the interests of its shareholders (both present and future) as a whole, which may differ from the interests of one or more of its individual shareholders. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Memorandum and Articles of Association—Principal Differences between Cayman Islands and U.S. Corporate Law.”

Furthermore, the Cayman Islands enacted the International Tax Co-operation (Economic Substance) Act (As Revised), or the Cayman Economic Substance Act, in January 2019. We are required to comply with the Cayman Economic Substance Act and related regulations and guidelines. As we are a Cayman Islands exempted company, compliance obligations include filing annual notifications for the Company, which need to state whether we are carrying out any relevant activities and if so, whether we have satisfied economic substance tests to the extent required under the Cayman Economic Substance Act and the filing of an annual return with the Department of International Tax Co-Operation. We may need to allocate additional resources and make changes to our operations in order to comply with all requirements under the Cayman Economic Substance Act. Failure to satisfy these requirements may subject us to penalties under the Cayman Economic Substance Act.

Lastly, in February 2021, the Cayman Islands was added to the Financial Action Task Force, or FATF, list of jurisdictions whose anti-money laundering practices are under increased monitoring, commonly referred to as the “FATF grey list.” When the FATF places a jurisdiction under increased monitoring, it means the country has committed to resolve swiftly the identified strategic deficiencies within agreed timeframes and is subject to increased monitoring during that timeframe. In its October 2021 plenary, the FATF recognized the progress made by the Cayman Islands to improve its anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing regime. Despite this recognition, it is still unclear how long this designation will remain in place and what ramifications, if any, the designation will have for the Company.

Our corporate affairs are governed by our Memorandum and Articles of Association, by the Companies Act, and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under the laws of the Cayman Islands are not as clearly defined as under statutes or judicial precedent in existence in jurisdictions in the United States. Therefore, you may have more difficulty protecting your interests than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction in the United States, due to the comparatively less formal nature of Cayman Islands law in this area.

While Cayman Islands law allows a dissenting shareholder to express a shareholder’s view that a court sanctioned reorganization of a Cayman Islands company would not provide fair value for the shareholder’s shares, Cayman Islands statutory law in respect of schemes of arrangement does not specifically provide for shareholder appraisal rights in connection with a court sanctioned reorganization (by way of scheme of arrangement). This may make it more difficult for you to assess the value of any consideration you may receive in a merger or consolidation (by way of scheme of arrangement) or to require that the acquirer gives you additional consideration if you believe the consideration offered is insufficient. However, Cayman Islands statutory law, which permits a merger/consolidation without a court order, provides a mechanism for a dissenting shareholder in a merger or consolidation to require us to apply to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands for a determination of the fair value of the dissenter’s shares if it is not possible for the company and the dissenter to agree on a fair price within the time limits prescribed.

Shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies (such as us) have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records and accounts or to obtain copies of lists of shareholders. Our directors have discretion under our Articles of Association to determine whether, and under what conditions, our corporate records may be inspected by our shareholders, but are not obliged to make them available to our shareholders. This may make it more difficult for you to obtain information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.

Subject to limited exceptions, under Cayman Islands law, a minority shareholder may not bring a derivative action against the board of directors. Class actions are not recognized in the Cayman Islands, but groups of shareholders with identical interests may bring representative proceedings, which are similar.

Our Memorandum and Articles of Association contain certain provisions that could limit the ability of others to acquire our control, including a provision that grants authority to our board of directors to issue new shares in our company from time to time (including common shares and preferred shares) without action by our shareholders. These provisions could have the effect of depriving our shareholders of the opportunity to sell their Class A common shares at a premium over the prevailing market price by discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain our control in a tender offer or similar transactions. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Memorandum and Articles of Association—Anti-Takeover Provisions in our Memorandum and Articles of Association.”

PagSeguro Digital is a Cayman Islands exempted company and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, all of our current directors and officers are residents of Brazil, and a substantial portion of their assets is located outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons. It may also be difficult to enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us and those officers and directors.

Further, it is unclear if original actions predicated on civil liabilities based solely upon U.S. federal securities laws are enforceable in courts outside the United States, including in the Cayman Islands and Brazil. Courts of the Cayman Islands may not, in an original action in the Cayman Islands, recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state of the United States on the grounds that such provisions are penal in nature. Although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, courts of the Cayman Islands will recognize a foreign judgment in personam of a court of competent jurisdiction and give a judgment based thereon if such judgment is final, for a liquidated sum, provided it is not in respect of taxes or a fine or penalty, is not inconsistent with a Cayman Islands’ judgment in respect of the same matters, and was not obtained in a manner which is contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands. In addition, a Cayman Islands court may stay proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere.

Most of our assets are located in Brazil. If proceedings are brought in the courts of Brazil seeking to enforce our obligations in respect of our Class A common shares, we may not be required to discharge our obligations in a currency other than the real. Under Brazilian exchange control laws, an obligation in Brazil to pay amounts denominated in a currency other than the real may only be satisfied in Brazilian currency at the exchange rate in effect on the date of the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice’s enforcement of the obligation. These amounts are then adjusted to reflect exchange rate variations through the effective payment date and, if applicable, eventual default interest. The exchange rate at that time may not afford non-Brazilian investors with full compensation for any claim arising out of or related to our obligations under the Class A common shares.

The judicial recognition process for foreign judgments before the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice may be time consuming and may also give rise to difficulties in enforcing such foreign judgment in Brazil. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that judicial recognition of a foreign judgment would be successful, that the judicial recognition process would be conducted in a timely manner or that a Brazilian court would enforce a judgment of non-Brazilian courts. Furthermore, upon its recognition by the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice, the enforcement of a foreign judgment would be delegated to a lower federal court.

As a foreign private issuer, the disclosure requirements that we must comply with and other requirements are different from those applicable to U.S. domestic registrants. For example, as a foreign private issuer for U.S. purposes, we are not subject to the same disclosure requirements as a domestic U.S. registrant under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, including the requirements to prepare and issue quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or to file current reports on Form 8-K upon the occurrence of specified significant events, the proxy rules applicable to domestic U.S. registrants under Section 14 of the Exchange Act or the insider reporting and short-swing profit rules applicable to domestic U.S. registrants under Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we rely on exemptions from certain U.S. rules which permit us to follow Cayman Islands legal requirements rather than certain of the requirements that are applicable to U.S. domestic registrants.

We follow the Cayman Islands laws and regulations that are applicable to Cayman Islands companies. However, these laws and regulations do not contain any provisions comparable to the U.S. proxy rules, the U.S. rules relating to the filing of reports on Form 10-Q or 8-K or the U.S. rules relating to liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time, as referred to above.

Furthermore, foreign private issuers are required to file their annual report on Form 20-F within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, while U.S. domestic issuers that are large, accelerated filers are required to file their annual report on Form 10-K within 60 days after the end of each fiscal year. Foreign private issuers are also exempt from Regulation Fair Disclosure, aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information. As a result of the above, even though we are required to file reports on Form 6-K disclosing the limited information that is material to us and which we make public pursuant to Cayman Islands law, or are required to distribute to shareholders generally, you may not receive information of the same type or amount that is required to be disclosed to shareholders of a U.S. company.

We cannot predict if investors will find our Class A common shares less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common shares and our share price may be more volatile.

We report under the Exchange Act as a non-U.S. company with foreign private issuer status. The NYSE rules provide that foreign private issuers are permitted to follow home country practice in lieu of certain NYSE corporate governance standards. The standards applicable to us are considerably different from the standards applied to U.S. domestic issuers. For instance, we are not required to:

•have a majority of independent members on our board of directors (other than as may result from the requirements for the audit committee member independence under the Exchange Act);

•have a minimum of three members on our audit committee;

•have a compensation committee or a nominating and corporate governance committee;

•have regularly scheduled executive sessions of our board that consist of independent directors only; or

•adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees.

As a foreign private issuer, we may follow home country practice from the Cayman Islands in lieu of the above requirements. Therefore, the approach to governance adopted by our board of directors may be different from that of a board of directors consisting of a majority of independent directors, and, as a result, our management oversight may be more limited than if we were subject to all of the NYSE corporate governance standards. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are not foreign private issuers.

We do not expect to be a PFIC for the current taxable year or any future year, based on our current business plans. However, whether we are a PFIC will be determined annually based upon the composition and nature of our income, the composition, nature and valuation of our assets (including goodwill), all of which are subject to change, and which may be determined in large part by reference to the market value of our shares, which may be volatile, and our corporate structure and the classification for U.S. federal income tax purposes of our subsidiaries. The determination of whether we are a PFIC will also depend upon the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules concerning the classification of our assets (including goodwill) and income for this purpose, and the application of these rules is uncertain in some respects. Moreover, the determination of the value of our assets (including goodwill and certain intangible assets) may depend on our market capitalization, and that market capitalization may fluctuate. Accordingly, due to the lack of directly applicable authority regarding the foregoing, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge any determination by us that we are not a PFIC.

If we were classified as a PFIC, special adverse U.S. federal tax rules would generally apply to a United States Holder (as defined in “Item 10. Additional Information—Taxation—U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations”) that holds our Class A common shares. United States Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the potential tax consequences of the PFIC rules to their particular circumstances.

The investment in our Class A common shares is subject to risks. Investors who wish to invest in our Class A common shares are thus subject to asset losses, including loss of the entire value of their investment, as well as other risks, including those related to our Class A common shares, the company, the sector in which we operate, our shareholders and the general macroeconomic environment in Brazil and all other countries in the world, among other risks.

Each potential investor in our Class A common shares must therefore determine the suitability of that investment in light of its own circumstances. In particular, each potential investor should:

•have sufficient knowledge and experience to make a meaningful evaluation of our Class A common shares, the merits and risks of investing in our Class A common shares and the information contained in this annual report;

•have access to, and knowledge of, appropriate analytical tools to evaluate, in the context of its particular financial situation, an investment in our Class A common shares and the impact our Class A common shares will have on its overall investment portfolio;

•have sufficient financial resources and liquidity to bear all of the risks of an investment in our Class A common shares;

•understand thoroughly the terms of our Class A common shares and be familiar with the behavior of any relevant indices and financial markets; and

•be able to evaluate (either alone or with the help of a financial advisor) possible scenarios for economic, interest rate and other factors that may affect its investment and its ability to bear the applicable risks.

We are a disruptive provider of financial technology solutions focused primarily on consumers, individual entrepreneurs, micro-merchants, small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), in Brazil, aiming to provide a safe, seamless, digital, mobile first and affordable ecosystem, combining payments and financial services, including, supporting, and empowering millions of Brazilians.

•full acquirer company, with a complete set of payment solutions through POS devices and e-commerce;

•digital platform with proprietary solutions for business management such as check-out, conciliation, split payments, product and inventory management, business reports, anti-fraud system and CRM;

•cross-border PSP in Latin America and Europe;

•multiple digital banking services, including checking account, savings account, card issuance, credit offerings, investments and insurance; and

•free digital accounts with several features such as bill payments, top ups for mobile prepaid phones and partners (Shell, Uber, Sky, IFood, Playstation, Xbox, Steam and Minecraft), pix and wire transfers, marketplace, QR code payments, payroll portability and financial education.

Our end-to-end digital ecosystem enables our merchants not only to accept payments, but also to grow and manage their businesses. Before PagSeguro, many of these individual entrepreneurs, micro-merchants and SMEs were overlooked or underserved by incumbent payment providers and large financial institutions in Brazil. According to our proprietary research, in January 2022, 69% of merchants who own our entry-level mobile POS, mPOS, device, the Minizinha, did not accept card payments prior to signing up with PagSeguro.

Our digital banking ecosystem features our free PagBank digital account, under the brand PagBank, and offers 40 cash-in methods and 13 cash-out options.

Focusing primarily on individual entrepreneurs, micro-merchants and SMEs, we offer a range of POS and mPOS devices specifically designed to fit their business needs. Our devices offer competitive transaction fees and access to our end-to-end digital banking ecosystem with a free PagBank digital account, which is similar to a regular checking account. They span from our entry-level product, the Minizinha, to the Moderninha Smart. Unlike the incumbent payment providers in Brazil, who rent their POS devices to merchants, we innovated by allowing merchants to acquire their own POS device from us in 12 monthly installments. For the equivalent of three to six months of rental fees with the incumbents, merchants can have a comparable device from PagSeguro with a free PagBank digital account.

Our digital banking ecosystem helps drive financial inclusion in Brazil providing business solutions primarily designed for consumers, individual entrepreneurs, micro-merchants and SMEs. Our main target markets include underserved clients and unbanked clients who have been ignored or underserved by the incumbents. Our digital banking ecosystem serves both consumers and merchants on a single platform. These merchants and consumers are attracted by our disruptive technology, which enables us to offer free, innovative, scalable and low-cost products and services with simpler onboarding, no paperwork and a high acceptance rate, while maintaining levels of fraud below those required by the card schemes. Once on our platform, merchants can offer consumers 40 cash-in methods, choose to obtain early payment of their card receivables on consumer installment transactions, and manage their cash balances on our free PagBank digital account, which offers 13 cash-out options including wire and peer to peer transfers, QR code payments, bill payments, top up prepaid mobile phone, Uber, Spotify or Google Play credits and in-person and online purchases or cash withdrawals using our PagSeguro prepaid and cash cards. Our management tools help them start or grow their businesses with PagSeguro as a partner, with software functionalities such as sales reports, credit and debit card reconciliation and inventory control, which we believe create a strong commercial bond with our clients. We believe the combination of all these features increases our clients’ loyalty, leading them to conduct additional business with us, in a virtuous cycle. Our merchants span businesses of all types and sizes, ranging from individual entrepreneurs, micro-merchants and small companies such as street vendors and beauty salons, to medium-sized companies in retail and other sectors. We also have a growing presence in the business-to-business commerce segment.

Our cross-border payments business unit is branded under the name of Boa Compra and is a wholly owned subsidiary of PagSeguro. Boa Compra operates as a cross-border PSP, providing online payment services for international merchants throughout Latin America, Portugal, Spain and Turkey, through more than 140 payment options.

Some of our key financial and operating data are as follows:

•At December 31, 2021, our active merchants totaled 7.7 million, representing an increase of 9.4% compared with 7.0 million at year-end 2020. Our active merchants at year-end 2020 represented an increase of 34.6% compared with 5.3 million at year-end 2019.

•In 2021, our TPV totaled R$456.1 billion, representing an increase of 97.0% compared with R$161.5 billion in 2020. Our TPV in 2020 represented an increase of 101.6% compared with R$114.8 billion in 2019.

•In 2021, our Total revenue and income totaled R$10,448.7 million, representing an increase of 53.3% compared with R$6,814.7 million in 2020. Our Total revenue and income in 2020 represented an increase of 19.4% compared with R$5,707.2 million in 2019. The principal components of our Total revenue and income posted the following growth:

*Our two revenue items (Revenue from transaction activities and other services and Revenue from sales) together totaled R$6,784.8 million in 2021, an increase of 50.5% compared with R$4,508.7 million in 2020. The total of these revenue items in 2020 represented an increase of 27.0% compared with R$3,550.3 million in 2019.

*Our Financial income totaled R$3,514.4 million in 2021, an increase of 61.4% compared with R$2,177.4 million in 2020. Financial income in 2020 represented an increase of 7.2% compared with R$2,030.5 million in 2019.

•In 2021, our Net income for the year totaled R$1,166.3 million, representing a decrease of 9.8% compared with R$1,292.3 million in 2020. Net income for the year in 2020 represented a decrease of 5.5% compared with R$1,367.0 million in 2019.

•At December 31, 2021, our PagBank active users totaled 13.1 million, representing an increase of 66.2% compared with 7.9 million at December 31, 2020. Our PagBank active users in 2020 represented an increase of 187.0% compared with 2.7 million in 2019.

With respect to the labor market, in December 2021, according to information from IBGE’s PNAD, Brazil had 44.8 million formal economy employees and 21.1 million informal economy employees (considering the private sector, domestic services and the public sector), representing a major market opportunity for digital banks, as most of the 21.1 million individuals employed in the informal economy remain unbanked and seek digital payments and credit solutions.

According to SEBRAE (Portal do Empreendedor) and Brazil’s Internal Revenue Services (Receita Federal), there were 13.3 million micro-merchants in Brazil on December 31, 2021. Also, according to the most recent Annual Social Information Report (Relação Anual de Informações Sociais - RAIS), published by the Ministry of the Economy, on December 31, 2020, there were 3.7 million SMEs. Additionally, according to IBGE’s PNAD, on December 31, 2021, there were 19.5 million individuals self-employed in the informal economy, usually individual customers of card acquirers. Taken together, this totals an addressable market of 36.6 million formal and informal businesses. In addition, according to SEBRAE, the number of Individual Micro Entrepreneurs in Brazil increased significantly from 2010 to March 2022, from 780 thousand to 13.8 million.

We believe that by continuing to migrate these individual micro entrepreneurs and micro companies into our ecosystem, we can continue to drive significant additional revenue growth in the coming years. At the same time, we will continue to introduce more value-added products and services targeted to larger clients. For example, we have introduced a number of products and services during the prior years, which include the following:

•In February 2018, we announced a new functionality for our Moderninha Wi-Fi and Moderninha Pro, enabling multiple merchants to share a single POS device;

•In March 2018, we launched our Minizinha Chip, a POS device that combines high-end functionalities, such as Wi-Fi and GPRS connection (chip) in compact hardware that can fit in a merchant’s pocket and comes with its own SIM card and a free data plan, thus no longer requiring smartphone pairing like traditional POS devices;

•In May 2018, we launched our Moderninha Plus, the next-generation substitute for our highly successful Moderninha Wi-Fi, now with an improved physical keyboard, a faster processor and double the battery life;

•In October 2018, we launched our Moderninha Smart, a modern, portable and fully integrated Android based POS device that offers a full integration of hardware, our apps and a fast and secure payments network;

•In April 2019, we introduced our instant payments feature which enables merchants to receive payments immediately following debit and credit card transactions (both with and without installments) at the same cost as our one day payment date election service;

•In September 2019, we launched a new feature for our free PagBank digital account through which we will pay interest at a rate of 100% over the CDI, representing 8% more than traditional savings accounts, on account balances maintained for at least 30 days;

•In September 2019, we launched our prepaid mobile recharge service in our Moderninha payment terminals that allows customers to purchase top-up credits for prepaid mobiles from the main telephone operators in Brazil;

•In October 2019, we launched Moderninha X, which is a modern payment terminal designed to work without needing a smartphones or tablet. Moderna X is uses the Android 10 platform to process financial and non-financial transactions and even payments in cash or credit, through the PagVendas application. It also accepts payments via credit and debit cards, Pix transactions, QR codes and approximation (NFC) cards;

•In February 2020, we launched a program that allows merchants to offer customers the option to pay for their products in up to 18 installments;

•In September 2020, we launched the Moderninha Pro (V240m) payment terminal aiming to expand our hardware suppliers, as we source the V240M model from the manufacturer Verifone. This payment terminal has the same features as Moderninha Pro and accepts payments by credit and debit card, Pix transactions, QR codes and approximation (NFC) cards;

•In December 2020, we launched the service of accepting Pix transactions in our Moderninhas payment terminals. PagBank has free and unlimited Pix transactions offered at any time of the day, including weekends and holidays;

•In Janurary 2021, we launched a pre-authorization card which allows a pre-authorizated transaction to occur as credit and can be confirmed for a lower amount later if needed (never a higher amount). This service is aimed at the airline, car rental and hotel segments. This transaction requires a physical card to be completed;

•In May 2021, we launched Moderninha Profit, a payment terminal that was developed to meet the demand of a niche of sellers who do not need a touch screen device but instead insist on having a device with a printer;

•In April 2021, we launched PagPhone, a smartphone and card machine device. This device aims to ensure that the seller does not to lose sales, it accepts payments by credit and debit cards, Pix transactions, QR codes and approximation (NFC) cards. PagPhone is a complete cell phone that guarantees greater practicality and mobility for merchants. This device allows the merchant to receive messages and respond to customers on social media and WhatsApp, in addition to taking and posting product photos, all on a single device and uses Android 10 technology;

•In April 2021, we launched ClubePag, which is a customer loyalty tool, provided free of charge by PagSeguro to retain its customers. At ClubePag, you build your club, create your own offers, and make cashback available to customers to accumulate credit;

•In September 2021, we launched Moderninha Wi-fi Plus, which has 3G and Wifi connection but does not include a printer or a touchscreen, but allows messages to be sent via SMS, accepts payments by credit and debit cards, Pix transactions, QR codes and approximation (NFC) cards;

•In October 2021, we launched the anticipation function in our Moderninhas payment terminals, , which allows the anticipation of receivables by scheduling payments for transactions carried out within the 30 and 14-day period whenever you need it;

•In January 2022, we launched the Minizinha Chip 3 payment terminal, with a larger display and color screen, the new Minizinha Chip 3 payment terminal aims to facilitate the merchant’s day to day acitivies. A mobile phone isn’t needed as the payment terminalhas a Wi-Fi connection and a SIM card with a free data plan. This payment terminal accepts payments by credit and debit cards, Pix transactions and approximation (NFC) cards;

•In January 2022, we launched PagTotem, ideal for use in stores, markets, and fast-food restaurants, PagTotem posses a touch screen, printer, and integrated card reader. PagTotem is a comprehensive solution that guarantees practicality and connectivity during the checkout process and allows the merchant to manage their equipment through the PagSeguro Store. This self-service equipment has a 23 inch touchscreen display, with ethernet connection, 2.4/5 Ghz Wi-Fi bandwidths, and Bluetooth;

•In February 2022, we launched the typed pre-authorization. In this modality, the pre-authorization sale can be used by providing the card data, security code and validity information;

•In March 2022, we launched the prepaid mobile top-up service in the Minizinha Chip payment terminal, a mobile top-up and service top-up functionality that has been expanded and now possesses the modality to be accepted in the Minizinhas Chip payment terminals; and

•In March 2022, we launched the Moderninha Plus 2 payment terminal, which allows sales to be carried out quickly with 3G and Wifi connections, and is a particularly well-suited device for professionals that work in establishments such as beauty salons, tattoo studios and wellness clinics, as it can be shared with up to six professionals. With a modern design, it accepts payments by Pix transactions and card approximation and comes with a chip and data plan.

In 2020, BancoSeguro expanded its investment alternatives in the Super App service, with the issuance of banking deposit certificates (Certificados de Depósito Bancário, or CDB) yielding a rate of 105% to 200% over the CDI. In addition, we began to distribute quotas in new investment funds managed by third parties and backed by incentive debt issuances, corporate debt issuances, and Brazilian treasury bills and shares, and we recently started to offer a new service that allows our customers to buy, hold and sell quotas for investment funds in cryptocurrencies also managed by third parties. Through the PagInvest platform, the digital asset management platform available for our clients, now millions of customers can invest in digital currencies through a new cryptocurrency investment fund, with an initial ticket of R$500. We believe this feature will not only increase loyalty and engagement to our digital banking ecosystem but also help us acquire new users, since according to the Brazilian Association of Financial and Capital Markets Entities, or ANBIMA, as of December 2021, 90% of Brazilian investors are classified as traditional retail consumers and, as of February 2022, 65% of this group invested in savings accounts.

We launched PagSeguro in 2006 as an online payment platform to provide the digital payment infrastructure necessary for e-commerce growth in Brazil. By 2016 we were considered the largest Brazilian online payment company in terms of TPV, according to data compiled by Ebit. UOL’s credibility in the Brazilian internet sector was key to this successful, launch and remains so today. Founded in 1996, UOL is Brazil’s largest internet content, digital products and services company. According to comScore, 106 million unique visitors (approximately 70% of Brazilian internet users) accessed a UOL website in February 2022 representing an increase of 2.5% from 103.4 million in February 2021, an increase of 17% from 90.4 million in April 2018 and an increase of 30% from 81.2 million in May 2017. In addition, according to Google Ad Manager (the add server system that we utilize) as of March 2022, UOL achieved approximately 6.9 billion page views, provided approximately 15 billion display ads and had a potential video inventory of 872 million video ads. The PagSeguro and UOL brands together gave Brazilian online consumers the confidence to use their sensitive personal and financial data on our payments platform, in order to shop online easily and safely. As an example, we brought trust to the online merchant-customer relationship by introducing a feature where we hold the consumer’s payment in escrow for a period of time after the purchase, as a precaution in case of any commercial claims.

In 2008, PagSeguro was named “Preferred E-commerce Company” by Info Exame magazine. Customer numbers continued to grow, with 20,000 stores and approximately 600,000 consumers carrying out transactions through the PagSeguro platform during the year.

In 2009, we strengthened our presence in digital payments by acquiring Boldcron Technologies, a gateway payment company linked to the main acquisition providers in Brazil, which offered payment programs and networks. In the same year, Exame magazine named UOL in the Digital Industry category as one of the 1000 Melhores e Maiores, or biggest and best companies in Brazil, when many of the PagSeguro business activities were still operated by UOL. In 2009, approximately 100,000 online stores carried out transactions through the PagSeguro platform.

In 2010, approximately 5,000,000 consumers carried out transactions through the PagSeguro platform.

In 2011, we acquired Boa Compra, a company focused on online gaming licenses and digital payment solutions in various countries. In the same year, approximately 311,000 online stores and approximately 6.5 million consumers carried out transactions through the PagSeguro platform using one of the 14 payment methods we accepted at the time.

In 2013, the Central Bank amended regulations to terminate the exclusive banking arrangements between banks and some card and meal voucher schemes, ending the effective duopoly in the acquirer industry in Brazil. This move was part of a concerted focus by the Central Bank on concentration in the market, following a report it issued in 2010 on the effective duopoly between two acquirers, both of which were owned by some of the largest banks in Brazil: RedeCard (now known as Rede, which had exclusive accreditation with MasterCard) and Visanet (now known as Cielo, which had exclusive accreditation with Visa).

Also in 2013, we expanded from online payments into point of sale, or POS, payments, which enable merchants to receive in-person payments from payment cards, becoming the first payment provider in Brazil to sell POS devices (as opposed to offering rentals). Our first POS, a magnetic strip card reader that plugged into a smartphone headphone jack combined with an app, was released in April 2013. In the same year, we became accredited with Sorocred, a local card scheme, as an acquirer, and we also received PCI-DSS Certificate-Data Security Standard Certification. In 2013, approximately 7.8 million consumers carried out transactions through the PagSeguro platform.

In 2014, we applied to the Central Bank to become an authorized payment institution under Brazilian Federal Law No. 12,865/2013. Since we were already accredited by Sorocred as an acquirer, the Central Bank regulations permitted us to continue carrying out our activities until the authorization was granted, as further described in “—Regulation—Regulation of the digital payments industry in Brazil.”

In March 2014, we launched our first POS device, which was compatible with iOS and Android, that allowed merchants to process debit and credit cards using chips. In the same year, we accepted 25 payment methods.

In 2015, we launched the Moderninha, our first standalone POS device branded with its own nickname, and our PagSeguro prepaid card under the MasterCard scheme. We also established a partnership with Ticket, a major meal voucher scheme. With the launch of our PagSeguro prepaid card, we became the first payment provider in Brazil to operate as a closed loop where clients are able to receive and spend funds all within our end-to-end digital ecosystem.

In 2016, we became the first payments provider in Brazil, other than the incumbent acquirers associated with banks, to obtain accreditation as an acquirer with MasterCard and Visa. We had already been operating as a local acquirer for Sorocred since 2014, and we began operating as an acquirer on a large-scale basis in the second half of 2016, once we had completed the integration of our platform with Visa and MasterCard. In the same year, we established partnerships with Elo, a card scheme, and Sodexo, a major meal voucher card scheme. We also launched our Moderninha Wi-Fi and Moderninha Pro standalone POS devices; began accepting in-app checkout; and launched our free POS app PagVendas (previously called PagSeguro Vendas and then PagSeguro Vendas 2.0). In 2016, we became larger than our parent company UOL for the first year in terms of our Total revenue and income as compared with UOL’s net revenue (without including its consolidated subsidiaries).

In 2017, we launched PlugPag, our POS device Minizinha, EFTPOS, our i-Banking app PagBank – PagSeguro and Pag.ae and other new services such as our Facebook chatbot, reconciliation services and one-day approval for merchants who wish to obtain early payment of their installment receivables. The launch of our EFTPOS integration solution made us the first payment provider in Brazil to connect POS devices to a merchant’s sales system. We also obtained accreditation as an issuer with Visa, established partnerships with major meal voucher schemes VR and Alelo, and obtained accreditation as an acquirer with Hipercard. Furthermore, in October 2017, we acquired a controlling interest in Bivaco Holding Ltda., or BIVA, an online platform that facilitates peer-to-peer lending. Between November 2017 and April 2018, we acquired an additional interest in BIVA, bringing our total interest to 77.4% of BIVA’s share capital. The total amount we paid for our shareholding in BIVA was R$23.9 million.

In January 2018, we carried out our IPO, in which UOL and we offered and sold a total of 121,193,388 of our Class A common shares. Our Class A common shares are listed on the NYSE. In February 2018, we announced a new functionality for our Moderninha Wi-Fi and Moderninha Pro, enabling multiple merchants to share a single POS device, and in March 2018, we launched our Minizinha Chip, a POS device that combines high-end functionalities, such as Wi-Fi and GPRS connection (chip) in compact hardware that can fit in a merchant’s pocket and comes with its own SIM card and a free data plan, thus no longer requiring smartphone pairing like traditional mPOS devices. In May 2018, we launched our Moderninha Plus, the next-generation substitute for our highly successful Moderninha Wi-Fi, now with an improved physical keyboard, a faster processor and double the battery life. In June 2018, we carried out a follow-on offering, in which UOL and we offered and sold a total of 35,950,000 of our Class A common shares. In October 2018, we launched our Moderninha Smart, a modern, portable and fully integrated Android based POS device that offers a full integration of hardware, our apps and a fast and secure payments network. In October 2018, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program under which our management is responsible for determining the timing and number of shares to be acquired, within the limits established by the board of directors. For more information on our share repurchase program, see “Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.” In December 2018, we acquired Tilix Digital Ltda., or Tilix. Tilix provides software development for managing payment solutions for business-to-customer, or B2C, and business-to-business, or B2B.

In January 2019, we acquired BBN Banco Brasileiro de Negócios S.A. (renamed BancoSeguro S.A. in February 2019), through BS Holding Financeira Ltda., or BS Holding, a holding company incorporated under PagSeguro Digital. BancoSeguro holds a multi-bank license to provide financial services. We expect that this acquisition will allow us to expand our products and services offering. As a financial institution, BancoSeguro is subject to Law 4,595/64 and the rules of the CMN and the Central Bank. In March 2019, we launched a PagSeguro Visa NFC enabled cash card that is linked directly with the balance of the free PagBank digital account without the need to reload the card, unlike our PagSeguro prepaid cards. In May 2019, furthermore, we officially launched PagBank, our free PagBank digital account, which offers banking services through the PagBank mobile app. Also, in May 2019, we enabled onboarding through our free PagBank digital account app, allowing consumer clients to sign up for a free PagBank digital account and manage all of their services directly through our app for free. In May 2019, we also launched a PagSeguro Visa credit card, accepted in Brazil and abroad, that has no annual or membership fees to our best merchants. In July 2019, we launched the Minizinha Chip 2 which is an additional POS device and an upgraded version of the Minizinha Chip that features a better user experience, NFC communication and a larger screen. In August 2019, we acquired 100% of the software provider Yamí Software & Inovação Ltda., or Yamí, which provides a back-office platform for e-commerce and marketplace, assisting merchants, particularly with exchanges and returns, and is compatible with major e-commerce platforms in Brazil such as VTEX and Oracle. Furthermore, the platform is a gateway specialized in split payments. In September 2019, we launched a new feature for our free PagBank digital account through which we will pay interest on account balances maintained for at least 30 days. In addition, in order to simplify inventory control and the acquisition of POS devices by our clients, beginning on September 1, 2019 we changed the way we provide POS devices to our clients. Instead of selling our POS devices, we now require a one-time and non-refundable membership fee. This arrangement is currently for an indeterminate period and does not change the way our clients access our POS devices. In October 2019, we carried out a follow-on offering, in which UOL offered and sold a total of 16,750,000 of our Class A common shares. In addition, in October 2019, we launched our Moderninha X Smart POS device, an innovative and advanced POS device, which was built for simplicity and ease of use and offers a full integration of hardware, our apps and a fast and secure payments network.

In June 2020, we launched the public transportation top-up in app functionality. PagBank clients can now reload their public transportation ticket “Bilhete Único” in the PagBank app using the balance of the digital account, bringing more convenience and additional engagement with the PagBank ecosystem. This functionality also helps reduce lines in ticket counters of bus, subway, and train stations, facilitating contactless transactions that have been increasing since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Additionally, PagBank is partnering with Roldão Atacadista, one of the most prominent food retailers in Brazil. PagBank clients can search for the nearest store through Sales Map “Radar de Ofertas” and pay through the PagBank QR Code, resulting in cash back of 10% (limited to R$30/month per user) directly into their PagBank digital account, fostering greater functionality of our closed loop transaction ecosystem.

On July 23, 2020, we acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Zygo. The total consideration for this transaction amounted to R$8.0 million, of which R$5.1 million was settled in cash on the same date and the remaining portion of the purchase price was retained to indemnify for possible liabilities. Zygo is a multisided customer engagement and loyalty platform that enables micro, small and medium sized merchants to acquire, engage and grow their customer base by offering customized marketing and loyalty programs and providing consumer insights and analytics. We expect that this acquisition will allow us to expand our product and services offerings.

Since August 19, 2020, TikTok users can receive their balances through a PagBank digital account in a safe, fast, and practical manner. The balance of the digital accounts can be used in all services offered by PagBank, such as wire transfers, top ups, bill payments, super app features and investments.

On August 31, 2020, we acquired 100.00% of the outstanding shares of CDS. The total consideration for this transaction amounted to R$2.4 million, which was settled in cash on the same date. We expect that this acquisition will allow us to expand our product and services offerings.

On September 29, 2020, PagSeguro Brazil completed the acquisition of MOIP, and the final regulatory approvals for the acquisition were obtained in December 2020. MOIP has an innovative and experienced team that has built as online payment solutions with more than 200 thousand customers, including e-commerce platforms, marketplaces and virtual store platforms. For PagBank, the acquisition of MOIP presented several advantages, such as incremental TPV. In addition, the combination of the key strengths of our brands allows us to offer broader payment options and integrated end-to-end digital payment accounts that are 100% omnichannel for millions of customers.

In January 2021, we submitted to the Central Bank a request for the approval of a corporate reorganization that involved certain of our subsidiaries and we received the corresponding approval in August 2021. As a result of this reorganization, the entities Net+Phone, Boa Compra, BCPS, R2TECH, BIVA and CDS were spun off from PagSeguro Brazil and since then they have been controlled by PagSeguro Digital’s direct subsidiary, PagSeg Participações Ltda., or PagSeg. In addition, TILIX, Yamí and Zygo subsidiaries were spun off from PagSeguro Brazil with control passing to PagBank Holding, a holding company that we incorporated in Brazil to receive the Group’s unregulated assets.

•In March 2021, we incorporated PagSeguro Holding Ltd., or PagSeguro Holding, to serve as a holding company directly under PagSeguro Digital;

•In the third quarter of 2021, we incorporated four new subsidiaries under PagSeguro Holding consisting of the following entities

◦Pagseguro Chile SPA, or Pagseguro Chile;

◦Pagseguro Colombia S.A.S, or Pagseguro Colombia;

◦PSGP México S.A de C.V., or PSGP Mexico; and

◦Pagseguro Peru S.A.C., or Pagseguro Peru.

•In August 2021, we acquired Concil Inteligência em Conciliação S.A., or Concil, which now operates as a subsidiary of PagSeguro Brazil;

•In December 2021, Boa Compra incorporated R2Tech; and

•In December 2021 Biva Serv incorporated BIVA.

As a result of the above, our current organizational structure reflects the following:

•    PagSeguro Digital subsidiaries include PagSeguro Brazil, PagSeg, BS Holding, and PagSeguro Holding Ltd;

•PagSeguro Brazil subsidiaries include Biva Sec, FIDC, RegistraSeguro, Concil and MOIP.

•    BS Holding’s subsidiary will include BancoSeguro.

•    PagSeg subsidiaries will include Net+Phone, Boa Compra, BCPS, PagSeguro Biva Serviços Financeiros Ltda., CDS and PagBank Holding.

•    PagBank Holding, subsidiaries will include TILIX, Yamí and Zygo, and

•PagSeguro Holding Ltd. subsidiaries will include: Pagseguro Chile, Pagseguro Colombia, PSGP Mexico and Pagseguro Pagseguro Peru.

PagSeguro Brazil, MOIP and BancoSeguro are subject to the Central Bank regulation and supervision. This reorganization is intended to improve the administration of our corporate structure and to group our operating subsidiaries under appropriate holding companies based on the services provided by each subsidiary.

The net total of our capital expenditures (purchases of property and equipment and purchases and development of intangible assets), for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were R$1,751.8 million, R$2,046.6 million and R$693.4 million, respectively, most of which related to data processing equipment, machinery and equipment, development of software and technology and software licenses, all in Brazil. All of our capital expenditures are funded with internal resources.

We provide a wide range of affordable solutions and tools for merchants and consumers. These include a variety of payments and banking products, cash-in and cash-out options with features designed to attract and retain clients, provide them with access to working capital and help them manage their cash flow. We have an in-depth understanding of our clients, the issues they face and the markets in which they operate. As a pioneer in the Brazilian digital payments market, we are able to anticipate trends and translate them into new products and solutions that meet our clients’ needs more efficiently than foreign competitors operating in Brazil. The Brazilian market expects payments providers to offer a number of country-specific features, such as Pix boletos and early payment of merchants’ receivables when consumers purchase in installments by credit card, all of which are central to Brazilian financial culture. We built our payments ecosystem, merchant services and our banking solutions offering around these specificities, offering tailor-made solutions for the Brazilian market. Although all our solutions also work for desktop and other non-mobile platforms, we design our solutions on a mobile-first basis so that our clients can be self-sufficient at all times. All of our transaction systems are fully compatible with the mobile environment. We also maintain a strict focus on ongoing innovation, selecting and developing new products and services with a high level of speed to market. This is evidenced by our investment of R$715.4 million in expenditures on software and technology in the year ended December 31, 2021, equal to 6.8% of our Total revenue and income for the year. Additionally, we believe our distribution platform and marketing strategies are well-suited to reaching micro-merchants and SMEs in Brazil.

With the increased adoption of mobile devices by merchants and consumers as a form of payment, we design all our solutions on a mobile-first basis so that our merchants can be self-sufficient at all times and offer payment options to consumers using mobile devices.

Our industry is characterized by rapidly changing technology, changing customer needs, evolving industry standards and frequent introductions of new products and services. We strive to continue to develop and release new products and services to match the needs and expectations of our clients, as well as retain and deepen relationships with our existing clients. Many of our merchants have grown within our platform, for example from purchasing a single POS device to choosing to receive early payment of their card receivables on consumer installment transactions, and we believe our software business management tools and our banking products can be further leveraged to increase customer engagement.

Evidencing our commitment to deepening relationships with our existing clients, among unique active accounts, we have experienced higher engagement across various areas. In less than three years, we believe we have created the most complete digital bank & payments experience in Brazil, which includes services and products such as payments solutions, day-to-day banking, cards, credit offerings, investments and insurance. As of December 31, 2021, we had a total of 21.9 million customers and 13.1 million PagBank active users (including active merchants using one additional digital account feature/service beyond acquiring and consumers with a balance in their digital account on the last day of the relevant month), becoming the second largest Brazilian digital bank according to data from Brazilian Central Bank. Our deposits increased 66% while our credit portfolio increased by 212% year-on-year at December 31, 2021. PagBank’s cash and cash equivalents increased by nine times in 2021 and 9% of all Pix transactions that occurred in Brazil were carried out through PagBank.

Our end-to-end digital ecosystem operates as a closed loop where our clients are able to address their main day to day financial needs, including receiving and spending funds and managing and growing their businesses. Our main products and services fall into the following categories, described in further detail below:

•the free PagBank digital account, around which all our functionalities and services are designed;

• 40 cash-in solutions;

•early payment of merchants’ installment receivables;

•advanced built-in functionalities as well as value-added services and features; and

•13 cash-out methods.

In May 2019, we officially launched PagBank, our free PagBank digital account, which offers banking services through the PagBank mobile app. PagBank enables us to expand into the Brazilian banking market which, according to internal research for 2021, using official data from Abecs (Card Schemes Data), the Central Bank, banks’ investor relations websites, JP Morgan Research, the Superintendence of Private Insurance (Superintendência de Seguros Privados - SUSEP), the National Federation of Private Insurance Brokers (Federação Nacional dos Corretores de Seguros Privados - Fenacor), the National Confederation for General Insurance Companies (Confederação Nacional das Empresas de Seguros Gerais - Cnseg), the International Data Corporation (IDC Software Report), Goldman Sachs Research, ANBIMA Retail Investment Statistics, and internal estimates, is about 30 times larger than the Brazilian payments market itself in terms of net income (profit pool). In 2020 we became an associated member of ANBIMA and joined the distribution code, which allows the offer of bonds and securities to customers in the Brazilian market.

Supported by our strong PagSeguro brand, which, according to Google Trends, filtering by the Financials Category, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, had an average of almost two times more searches than the second player in our market, Mercado Pago (followed by SumUp, Cielo and Rede), our PagBank business activity has a strong platform to gain new users and promote client loyalty. As evidence of the success of our platform, we saw a year-over-year increase of almost two times in PagBank active users at December 31, 2021. In addition, PagSeguro remained one of the largest prepaid card issuers in Brazil in 2021, according to Abecs, and our PagBank app had 284 million logins in the month of December 2021 alone.

The free PagBank digital account, which is the core of our client offering for both merchants and consumers, centralizes all cash-in options, functionalities, services and cash-out options in a single ecosystem so that our clients can grow their businesses and manage their financings in a safe, affordable, scalable and simple way, all without needing a bank account.

The free PagBank digital account has a 100% online onboarding process, without paperwork, with a quick turnaround and a high acceptance rate. We offer functionalities such as bill payments, top up prepaid mobile phone, Pix, wire transfers, peer-to-peer transfers, cash cards, prepaid cards, credit cards, loans, investments, payroll portability, QR code payments, shopping, Uber, Spotify, Games or Google Play credits, among other digital banking services.

Merchants and consumers can sign up for a free PagBank digital account, gaining access to all of the offerings in our ecosystem, through a single online contract that can be completed in minutes without paperwork. By signing up with us and requesting one of our devices, merchants can automatically start accepting a wide range of cash-in methods, all with antifraud protection, and can access our software business management tools. For merchants who require more complex functionalities, we offer value-added services and features such as the early payment of installment receivables, accounting reconciliation and shipping solutions. With our free PagBank digital account, merchants do not need to transfer their revenues to another bank checking account, they can use those revenues directly on our platform with our day-to-day banking solutions, such as: (i) paying bills, (ii) making peer-to-peer, pix or wire transfers, (iii) making QR code payments, (iv) buying online, (v) topping up mobile phone, Uber, Spotify, Games or Google Play credits, (vi)investing their money, (vii) using their cashcard or transferring their balance to the PagSeguro prepaid card, allowing them to buy goods and services in-person and online or withdraw cash at more than one million Cirrus network ATMs in Brazil and abroad.

We believe these products and services create a “network growth effect.” The advantages of our digital payment solutions for merchants drive growth in their businesses, and the advantages of our digital payment solutions for consumers lead them to prefer merchants who offer these solutions, resulting in the acquisition of new clients through word-of-mouth recommendations by both merchants and consumers.

•Our cash-in methods can be accepted through web checkout, in-app checkout or in-person using our POS devices. They include credit and debit cards, meal vouchers, boletos, peer-to-peer and wire transfers and bank debits.

•Instant payments.

•Our payroll portability allows consumers to have their salaries directly deposited to our free PagBank digital account.

•Instant wire transfers (TEDs) and peer-to-peer transfers.

•Issuance of boletos that can be paid electronically or at any bank branch.

•Loans.

•Investments: a new feature for our free PagBank digital account through which we will pay interest on account balances maintained for at least 30 days.

•Certificates of Deposits: Beginning in March 2020, we began offering certificates of deposits (referred to herein as CDs), to all PagBank users. These CDs are offered in addition to our current PagBank savings account offering. Other investment possibilities include mutual funds, Brazilian government bonds and stocks.

•The purpose of our platform is to bring quality investment options to all types of investors, with a minimum investment amount of 1 Brazilian real. By the end of 2020, we started to offer fixed income and mutual funds investment options, and in early 2022, there were over 100 different investment options available on our marketplace. We also implemented a cashback function on our platform, which offers up to 1% year-on-year additional return. In 2021, we established an educational area on our platform that aims to demystify investing and to teach more to our customers about investing their money. In 2021, we also added new features to this educational tool, that include investment portfolio recommendations, a research area that analyzes and recommends equities and government bonds. We have provided direct access to Brazilian governament bond investments through the “Tesouro Direto” function and provided access to investing activities in the B3 through three different methods, (i) Home Broker, (ii) Internet Banking, and (iii) Trading Desk. To support our clients in their investment activities, we have a designated sales team knowledgeable in investment products and internal processes.

•Pix transactions, for instant wire transfers and payments, both online via checkout and our PagBank app and through our POS systems.

•Since 2020, customers can also add funds to their PagBank account using virtual debit cards.

•Online and In-Person Payment Tools

Our merchants can choose to accept payments from consumers through various online and in-person payment tools. For our merchants conducting business online, we offer web checkout solutions and in-app payment options. For merchants conducting in-person transactions, we offer a range of POS devices.

•Online Payment Tools

We offer a variety of online payment tools that enable merchants to integrate sophisticated checkout and payment processes into their online business. These include: (i) three web checkout options for merchants conducting business over browsers (whether desktop or mobile); (ii) an in-app payment tool for merchants conducting business using mobile apps; and (iii) P2P and social payment tools.

(i) Web Checkout: Our web checkout options offer tokenization, advanced handling of shipping information, management of subscriptions and automatic billing and order tracking. PagSeguro offer three different levels of web checkout integration: “Redirect,” “Lightbox” and “Transparent,” all of which are easy to set up and customize. PagSeguro supplies its code and documentation to merchants free of charge, allowing merchants to select and implement the web checkout solution that best meets the needs of the merchant’s on its business.

(ii) In-App Checkout: Our in-app checkout is a payment tool developed to integrate merchants’ mobile apps, which allows payment processing via the PagSeguro secure domain, while offering single-click checkout within the merchant’s mobile app.

(iii) P2P and Social Payment Tools: Our innovative P2P and “social payment” merchants and consumers to transfer their balances between free PagBank digital accounts free of charge. For P2P, our “social payment” tools also allow our clients to request payments by sending a web link via social media directly to the person paying, creating a fast and easy way for anyone to send and receive money electronically. Users can request payments even if they do not have a website, and the person paying does not need to register with PagSeguro and may pay through a variety of options, including credit card, boleto or bank deposit. With our social payment tool, customers can request payments creating a payment link and send it to customers via e-mail, social network or messaging service such as WhatsApp, using the recipient’s phone number or e-mail address. The payer clicks on the link and can make the payment easily in various ways (credit card, boleto or bank deposit). Payment link allows the recipient to pay in up to 12 installments.

We believe these P2P and social payment tools drive organic growth in our customer base, establishing relationships with potential PagSeguro customers and encouraging them to join our platform when they make a payment. Furthermore, recently, we have been actively promoting these payment methods as a way to limit person-to-person contact and help our customers continue to run and grow their businesses while maintaining the social distancing and quarantine practices triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic.

•In-Person Payment Tools

PagSeguro’s wide range of affordable POS devices enable merchants to accept credit, debit and meal voucher on an in-person, chip and pin or NFC basis. PagSeguro’s POS devices can be set up in less than five minutes. It is designed to be easy to use and have high levels of system availability, efficient back-up solutions, value-added functionalities and a five-year warranty.

With PagSeguro, merchants can purchase their own device with a flexible payment plan and no monthly usage or other recurring fees. For the equivalent of three to six months’ rental payments to an incumbent, merchants can buy a comparable or better device from PagSeguro, freeing them from the incumbents’ continuous monthly rental fees. No credit checks on the merchant are required. All of our POS devices come with a free PagSeguro prepaid card to give the merchant an immediate cash-out option without needing a bank account. We offer a comprehensive suite of POS devices, from our entry-level Minizinha to the Moderninha SMART. These POS devices are offered separately from our transaction services.

•Minizinha NFC mPOS connects, through Bluetooth, to PagVendas a PagSeguro platform to accept payment, and offers access to a wide range of features like inventory management, on line store and, issuing tax receipts and others. Minizinha provides receipts via SMS for the consumer. PagSeguro offers Minizinha for 12 installments of R$4.90 (or US$0.94), appealing to the micro-merchants and SMEs who plan their own business expenses on a monthly basis.

•Minizinha Chip 3 is an additional POS device and an upgraded version of the Minizinha Chip mPOS device that features a better user experience, NFC communication and a larger screen. PagSeguro offers Minizinha Chip 3 for 12ºinstallments of R$8.90 (or US$1.71).

•For businesses with greater needs, we offer three more sophisticated devices, (i) Moderninha Plus 2 (priced at 12 installments of R$12.90 (or US$2.47)), (ii) Moderninha Pro 2 (priced at 12 installments of R$24.90 (or US$4,77) and (iii) Moderninha Smart (priced at 12 installments of R$39.90 (or or US$7.68)). Moderninha Plus, provides consumer receipts via SMS, is focus on merchants that generate lower transaction volumes; while the Moderninha Pro, which provides consumer receipts via SMS or in paper form, is focus on merchants that generate higher transaction volumes. Moderninha Pro is the first single unit to offer GPRS/2G/3G chip connection, NFC, plug-and-play Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connections (for commercial automation and connection to other devices) on the same device, making it the POS device with the most connectivity features in Brazil. The device switches automatically between the various connection formats. In February 2018, PagSeguro launched a new functionality for the Moderninha Pro and Moderninha Wi-Fi (replacing Moderninha Plus in May 2018), enabling several merchants to share a single POS device (each terminal can serve up to six digital accounts, handling sales transactions for each account separately). Moderninha Smart offers the same features of the Moderninha Pro, plus the integration of a product catalog and inventory management software, an installment payment calculator, boleto issuance and payment links. The integration of software and hardware helps merchants be more productive and better serve its clients.

•PagSeguro also offers a Smart POS device, the Moderninha X, which is an innovative and advanced POS device. Moderninha X was built for simplicity and ease of use, offers a full integration of hardware, our apps and a fast and secure payments network. By combining high-end functionalities such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and 4G connections, as well NFC and QR Code acceptance, the Moderninha X, offers a robust managed payment experience. The integration of software and hardware helps merchants be more productive and better serve clients. PagSeguro offers Moderninha X for 12 installments of R$19.90 (or US$3.83). With no additional cost and new technologies in one single POS device, Moderninha X is the most attractive product for micro-merchants and small businesses. Additionally,Moderninha X integrates our free PagBank digital account and international cash card, free of charge.

We generate revenues from its provision of POS devices to merchants, and from MDR (a percentage of the commissions held by PagSeguro that is generated on the credit, debit and meal voucher card transactions). Beyond standard installment programs, PagSeguro’s merchants can offer customers the options to pay in up to 18 installments on credit card payment transactions

We currently rely on one manufacturer to manufacture, test and assemble a significant amount of our POS devices, although we are expanding our range of POS devices, which would be derived from different equipment providers. The Agreement for the Supply of Equipment, dated as of June 26, 2014, as amended from time to time, by and among PAX BR Comércio de Equipamentos de Informática Ltda., or PAX Brazil, Transire Fabricação de Componentes Eletrônicos Ltda., or Transire Brazil, and Net+Phone Telecomunicações Ltda, or Net+Phone, sets forth the types of POS devices to be sold by PAX Brazil, Transire Brazil and Tec Toy S.A., or Tectoy, to us and the standard terms and conditions governing this supply of POS devices. PAX Brazil, Transire Brazil and Tectoy together serve as our main supplier of POS devices. Consideration payable to PAX Brazil, Transire Brazil and Tectoy under this agreement is determined by the number of POS devices ordered by us. For more information, see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Some of the key components of our POS devices are sourced from a limited number of suppliers. We are therefore at risk of shortage, price increases, changes, delay or discontinuation of key components, which could disrupt and harm our business

•.Payment Methods

The free PagBank digital account provides 40 cash-in methods, including the items listed below. Our cash-in methods can be accepted through web checkout, in-app checkout, or in-person using our POS devices. For debit card transactions, card issuers in Brazil pay us as acquirer on the first business day following the consumer transaction; and for credit card transactions, card issuers in Brazil pay us as acquirer on the 30th business day following the consumer transaction. We believe our pricing model is simple, transparent and easy to understand, when compared with that of incumbent payment processing providers, which is typically determined based on a mix of volume, card scheme and payment method. We believe that these incumbent providers have little incentive to make aggressive price changes as they may run the risk of cannibalizing their own merchant base as a result.

•Credit cards

We accept card payments, through our online and in-person POS payment tools, from all the major credit card schemes active in Brazil, including Visa, MasterCard, Elo, American Express, Hiper and regional schemes. The major credit card schemes accepted on our platform together represent 99.7% of the total payment volume carried out using credit and debit cards in Brazil in 2020, according to card monitor. We generate revenue from credit card transactions by charging a merchant discount rate, or MDR, a commission withheld by us from the transaction value paid to the merchant. The transaction amount, less the MDR, is credited to the merchant’s free PagBank digital account. Our MDR pricing model is standardized, easy to understand and transparent. We also offer customized MDR pricing for certain merchants who process large payment volumes. We recognize the MDR fees in our financial statements as revenue.

In addition, Brazilian consumers expect merchants to allow them to choose at the point of purchase to have the purchase price either (i) charged to their credit card accounts in a single payment, as in other markets, or (ii) split into several payments and only charged to their credit card accounts in monthly installments. In this case, the merchant only receives the revenues after the respective monthly installment has been charged, rather than 30 business days after the original transaction. Together, the 30-day payment cycle and the installment option create working capital difficulties for merchants. We offer two services to help merchants improve their cash flow. To shorten the payment cycle, our “payment date election” service (regime de recebimento) allows our merchants to receive their credit card sales from us either (i) in the regular 30-day payment cycle, or (ii) if the merchant so elects, on the 14th business day, the 1st business day or immediately after the transaction. To help our merchants offer the installment payment option to consumers, we offer to pay the monthly installment receivables to our merchants either (i) when each installment is charged to the consumer’s card, or (ii) if the merchant elects our early payment feature, on an up-front basis. Micro-merchants and SMEs have historically faced difficulties obtaining this service from the incumbent payment processing providers, and they often require merchants to request early payment on a transaction-by-transaction basis. We offer a solution to these bottlenecks through simpler onboarding and preapproval of a merchant’s early payments. The underlying receivables relating to these payments are owed to us by the credit card issuers, which are owned primarily by Brazil’s large retail banks. This early payment of receivables feature creates an important working capital alternative for our merchants while also generating income for us.

When merchants choose to make use of this early payment of receivables feature we charge them a finance fee in the form of a discount from the lump sum of the receivable. This discount is additional to the MDR fee withheld from the merchant. The finance fee is deducted from the amounts payable to the merchant at the same time as MDR, but is recognized in our financial statements as financial income rather than revenues. The discount that generates our Financial income relates only to the early payment of the second and successive installments of the purchase; the first installment is not paid early as it is disbursed to the merchant within the normal billing cycle, so it does not generate remuneration in the form of Financial income (although it does generate MDR, which is recognized as Gross revenue from transaction activities and other services). (The lump sum receivable, less the finance fee discount and the MDR or the intermediation transaction, is credited to the merchant on the 30th, 14th or 1st business day after the transaction, according to the merchant’s “payment date election” described in the paragraph above.)

Merchants who choose not to make use of our early payment of receivables feature only receive the amount payable to them under the consumer transaction (after deduction of the MDR fee) after the monthly installments are charged to the consumer’s credit card and the card issuer has paid us.

•Debit cards

We accept debit cards from all the major card schemes active in Brazil, including Maestro (MasterCard), Visa Electron and Elo, for in-person payments. We generate revenues in the form of MDR commissions using a standardized, easy to understand and transparent pricing model. Unlike credit cards, Brazilian debit cards do not offer an installment payment option.

For debit card transactions, we receive the underlying payment from the debit card issuer one business day after the consumer transaction, and we pay the amount of the consumer transaction (less our commission) to the merchant on the same day as we receive it.

•Meal voucher cards

Meal voucher cards are a labor benefit included in Brazilian employment contracts. The employer simply credits the employee’s card on a prepaid basis, and the employee can use the prepaid balance on the card to make purchases in restaurants and grocery stores. We accept in-person card payments from the principal meal voucher card issuers active in Brazil, generating revenues in the form of a value added network, or VAN, commission, which is currently charged at a flat rate per transaction. Meal voucher cards do not offer an installment payment option.

•Instant payments

Through our instant payments feature, merchants can receive payments immediately following debit and credit card transactions (both with and without installments) at the same cost as our one-day payment election service.

•Payroll portability

Through our payroll portability feature, anyone working in Brazil as a registered employee has the ability to have their salary deposited directly into their free PagBank digital account at no cost.

•Boletos

Boletos are payment slip documents issued by Brazilian businesses and utilities through banks to enable consumers to pay their bills. Boletos can be used for products or services, utilities or taxes. Each boleto refers to a specific merchant and customer transaction, and includes the merchant’s name, customer information, expiration date and total amount due, plus a serial number that identifies the account to be credited and a barcode so that the entire document can be read and processed. The consumer can pay the boleto through his or her bank either online, over the phone, at a branch or at an ATM. Merchants can receive credits from boletos directly into their free PagBank digital account. We generate MDR commissions on cash-in payments made via boletos to a merchant’s free PagBank digital account, merchants and consumers can also use boletos to add cash to their PagBank account (cash-in) free of charge.

•Bank transfers and bank debits

Consumers can make transfers from bank accounts, either to their own free PagBank digital account in order to add funds to their account balance that can then be used anywhere on our ecosystem, or to a merchant’s digital account to pay for a product or service. These payments can be made via any bank transfer or, in the case of payments to merchants, via an online bank debit tool. We generate MDR commissions on payments made via bank transfer or bank debit to a merchant’s free PagBank digital account. There is no MDR or any other commission charged by us when consumers add funds to their own free PagBank digital account.

•Cash deposits

Similar to bank transfers, consumers can make cash deposits at a bank branch or ATM directly to their free PagBank digital accounts – either to a merchant’s digital account to pay for a product or service, or to the consumer’s own digital account. We generate MDR commissions on payments made via cash deposit to a merchant’s free PagBank digital account. There is no MDR or any other commission charged by us when consumers add funds to their own free PagBank digital account.

•PagBank CD (Certificates of deposit)

Since March 2021, we have been offering CDs to all PagBank users. These CDs are offered in addition to our current PagBank savings account offering. PagBank users may choose among three different grace periods for their CDs: (i) daily liquidity, (ii) 180 days, or (iii) one year. We believe that is CD offering allows us to provide PagBank users with better investment offerings, while improving engagement with our ecosystem.

•Early payment of installment receivables

As described under “Cash-in Solutions—Credit Cards” above, our early payment of installment receivables feature helps our merchants offer the installment payment option to their clients paying by credit card, without sacrificing their own cash flow. In addition to generating financial income for us, this early payment feature is an important source of working capital for merchants, in particular for our micro-merchants and SMEs, who may not otherwise have efficient access to capital from banks or traditional financial institutions. We believe that by offering this feature, we can strengthen our business partnerships with our merchants by providing this capital to help them grow their businesses.

We generate financial income through this early payment feature by charging a finance fee in the form of a discount from the second and successive installments that are paid early in the lump sum, in addition to the MDR fee on the intermediation transaction. The finance fee is deducted from the amounts payable to the merchant, but is recognized in our financial statements as financial income rather than revenues.

Prior to our IPO, we funded the working capital for this early payment service using debt incurred by us. In addition, in November 2017, we set up a Brazilian investment fund to purchase and hold receivables known as a Fundo de Investimento em Direitos Creditórios (a Fund for Investment in Credit Rights, or FIDC), which we use to finance the early payment of receivables of our merchants. The FIDC is controlled by PagSeguro Brazil, which owns 100% of the subordinated quotas. Our remuneration from the early payment of receivables feature continues to be reflected as Financial income in our consolidated financial statements. We do not expect the establishment of the FIDC to impact the discount rate we charge in connection to the early payment of receivables feature or the expenses we incur to obtain early payment of receivables from card issuers and acquirers. For further information regarding the FIDC, see “Organizational Structure.”

•Advanced Built-In Functionalities and Value-Added Services and Features

Our free PagBank digital account comes with a number of advanced built-in functionalities, provided free of charge, as well as value-added services and features that are designed to help both consumers and merchants. These functionalities and value-added services and features include:

•PagSeguro credit cards for merchants;

•card reconciliation services through R2Tech Informática Ltda., or R2Tech,;

•enterprise resource planning, or ERP, services through NetPOS

•bill payments;

•e-commerce support through Yamí;

•purchase protection mechanisms;

•antifraud platform;

•account and business management tools;

•our POS App (PagVendas);

•PagBank – PagSeguro (i-Banking App) and Super App service; and

•order management and food delivery through our proprietary delivery app, PedeFácil.

Our platform also provides solutions such as PlugPag, a free tool compatible with iOS, Android and Windows, aimed at our medium-sized and larger merchants, enabling them to connect their POS device directly to their ERP software or sales automation system via Bluetooth; cart recovery solutions to improve sales conversion rates on e-commerce websites; and developer platforms allowing merchants to give third-party developers access to their free PagBank digital accounts on a secure basis using application programming interfaces, or APIs; among other functionalities.

✓    Purchase Protection

Our Purchase Protection solution adds multiple layers of security for online purchases made on our platform. As a payment card industry, or PCI, compliant company, we do not share consumer credit card data or sensitive information with merchants, helping to prevent fraud and data misuse. For added protection to online consumers, our ecosystem holds consumer payments in escrow for a set period after purchase. If there is no consumer complaint, the funds are typically released to the merchant in two weeks from the purchase date. If a problem occurs with the purchase and the transaction is eligible for Purchase Protection, the consumer can file a claim and, if requested, we will act as mediator to help resolve the issue with the merchant. If the issue is not resolved, we reimburse the consumer for the full purchase price plus shipping costs. In the year ended December 31, 2021, only 0.04% of our online transactions required claim mediation and for those that did, the average time for claim mediation settlement was 17 days. 84.18% of the disagreements related to non-receipt of a purchase, and 40.94% were resolved in favor of the merchant.

✓    Antifraud platform

In addition, our IT background combined with the 14 years of historical transaction data we have amassed since our launch allow us to develop proprietary technology and gain expertise against online fraud and chargebacks related to fraudulent transactions in Brazil. Our antifraud platform combines proprietary features, such as internal risk modeling and scoring through artificial intelligence and risk assessment tools that collect public and private market information, as well as front-line third-party solutions such as Feedzai, Emailage and Threatmetrix. The antifraud platform is fully integrated into our ecosystem, and features processes designed to monitor potential fraud in real time, tracking transaction approvals and denials, enabling us to maintain high transaction approval rates and low incidences of fraud.

When a client requests a chargeback from the card issuer, we verify whether the sale occurred and whether the product or service was delivered by the merchant. If the chargeback claim was fraudulent, we pay the amount due to the merchant and we contest the attempted chargeback with the card issuer by providing the supporting documentation. If the chargeback claim was justified, we pass on the cost to the merchant. For information on claim mediation requests filed by our clients on our platform, see “Protecting Our Clients—Transaction Security.”

✓    Account management tools

We aim to help our merchants expand their businesses by offering free tools such as account statements for their free PagBank digital account, customized digital invoicing, sales data reports, simulations of early payment of merchants’ receivables, and revenue management.

✓    Business management tools

For merchants who generate larger transaction volumes and require more complex controls, we offer value-added services and features such as: (i) flexible crediting dates; (ii) payment into separate bank accounts for each card scheme; (iii) a split payment solution, which automatically segregates credits between two different companies; (iv) a seamless single-click checkout option, allowing customers to make purchases with a single click; and (v) our EFTPOS integration solution. Our innovative approach also brought trust to the online merchant-customer relationship by introducing a feature where we hold the consumer’s payment in escrow for a period after the purchase, as a precaution in case of any commercial claims. Our split payment solution allows merchants to generate payments, integrate employees, manage receivables and receive commissions in real time. We offer these services by providing our merchants with the code and documentation to implement these tools.

✓    POS App (Pag Vendas)

Our free sales app PagVendas is a POS software app available for smartphones and tablets running iOS or Android that integrates seamlessly with our payment processing solution but can also be used on a stand-alone basis. PagVendas allows our merchants to add products and manage POS software. By using this app, merchants are able to increase productivity and manage their sales and inventory, among other items. The tablet version of the app allows merchants using POS devices to improve their business operations by registering and itemizing their services and products, selling merchandise on customizable terms, tracking business data and allowing for faster in-app checkout. Items can be grouped, categorized, sorted, and linked to inventory management. PagVendas is user-friendly and secure, and fully integrated with our merchants’ free PagBank digital accounts and the Moderninha Wi-Fi, Moderninha Pro, Moderninha Smart and Minizinha POS devices. As of April 10, 2022, PagVendas was rated an average of 4.3 stars by 846 thousand reviewers in Apple’s Brazilian app store and 4.6 stars by 16,677 thousand reviewers in Google Play.

✓    PagBank – PagSeguro (i-Banking App) and Super App service

Our free digital account app, PagBank – PagSeguro, is a transaction and digital account management app available for smartphones and tablets running iOS or Android which provides our clients with an easy and practical way to manage their transactions, account balances and day-to-day banking. Through PagBank – PagSeguro, our clients can pay bills, make peer-to-peer, Pix or wire transfers, make QR code payments, complete online purchases using their PagBank account balance, invest their money in different investments options such as CDBs, use their cashcard or prepaid card to buy goods and services or withdraw cash, contract financial service products such as insurances, loans and credit cards. PagBank – PagSeguro also provides real-time statements of a user’s historical account and PagSeguro prepaid and cash card activity, as well as a merchant sales panel through which merchants can generate reports and statements as well as manage their sales. In March 2021, PagBank – PagSeguro was rated an average of 4.8 stars by 826,506 reviewers in Apple’s Brazilian app store and 4.5 stars by 1,609,486 reviewers in Google Play.

In addition, through our Super App services, users of our i-Banking app PagBank – PagSeguro have the option to top up prepaid mobile phone, Uber, Spotify, Games or Google Play credits. Through our partnership with the Shell brand, since March 2020, PagBank users are able to make payments at gas stations directly through our Super App via a P2P transaction, thus eliminating their need to use a physical card for these purchases. Through our PagBank – PagSeguro digital account, we also pay interest (totaling 110% over the amount generated by “poupança” account (a traditional Brazilian savings account) on account balances maintained for at least 30 days. In December 2021, according to the Consolidated Retail Product Distribution Statistics from ANBIMA this savings account feature had a total of over R$ 985 billion under management and 188 million accounts throughout Brazil). We believe this feature will not only increase loyalty and engagement to our digital banking ecosystem but also help us acquire new PagBank users.

Through our Super App services, we also offer our clients health and transportation benefits. Through our partnership with a third party healthcare assistance company, we developed PagBank Health, which we launched in April 2020. Clients that sign up for this service will receive discounts on medical exams, doctor’s appointments and pharmacy purchases, all through our Super App. We receive a rebate from the monthly subscription fee charged to clients that sign up for PagBank Health. Through our partnership with the Shell brand, since March 2020, PagBank users are able to pay gas stations directly through our Super App through a P2P transaction, thus eliminating their need to use a plastic card for these purchases. In addition, when our clients pay at Shell gas stations using our Super App, they will also receive up to R$50 cash back. Through our partnership with Cabify, our clients will be able to request a Cabify driver directly through our Super App. In addition, beginning in February 2020, we offer Cabify drivers incentives to adopt PagBank as their primary digital bank. For instance, currently, Cabify drivers typically receive their cash once a week. However, if they choose PagBank, they will receive their cash three times a week.

✓    PlugPag

PlugPag is a free tool, aimed at our medium-sized and larger merchants, enabling them to connect their POS device directly to their enterprise resource planning (ERP) software or sales automation system via Bluetooth. The PlugPag feature offers various advantages such as a direct connection between the merchant’s software and the POS device, which automates the flow of information, avoiding human intervention to minimize potential mistakes and fraud. By sending the confirmation or rejection of each sale directly to the merchant’s software, this tool facilitates automatic reconciliation of sales records, a common requirement of larger merchants.

✓    Accounting reconciliation

We offer merchants a platform for reconciling their digital transaction revenues and the related fees with their bank account balance and accounting records. This service offering ramped up significantly with our acquisition of R2Tech, a company specialized in reconciliation, and is supported by our expertise in middleware and back-office solutions processing. We generate revenues from this service in the form of a flat commission per transaction reconciled for the client.

✓    Online Lending

Through our 100% controlling interest in BIVA, which we acquired between October 2017 and April 2019, we facilitate peer-to-peer lending services. This activity consists of connecting a borrower to a lender or group of lenders. We generate revenues from this service in the form of a commission per transaction, plus a performance fee if the lenders’ return on their portfolio of loans exceeds certain targets. The lenders take the full credit risk on the loans; as intermediary between lender and borrower, we are not exposed to this credit risk.

✓    Cart recovery

Our cart recovery solution aims to improve sales conversion rates on e-commerce websites. If the consumer accesses a merchant website, places items in the website’s virtual cart, continues to our web checkout but then leaves the website before finalizing the purchase, this tool keeps the items in the cart, saving the consumer time if he or she later returns to the merchant’s website to complete the purchase. It also features e-mail reminders and remarketing to direct the consumer back to the merchant’s web checkout.

✓    Subscription service and automatic billing

Our merchants can provide subscription services and automatic billing for their consumers. This tool enables the merchant to manage, cancel or renew subscriptions and manage and cancel automatic billings, all through the free PagBank digital account.

✓    Smart Supply

Our Moderninha Smart and Moderninha Pro have built-in technology that measures the consumption of POS receipt paper. This technology, combined with an advanced logistics system, allows us to deliver replacement paper rolls to the merchant automatically in advance. We believe this tool increases merchant satisfaction while reducing inquiries and the related customer service costs. We consider this service a loyalty initiative and provide it free of charge.

✓    POS Assistance

All of our POS devices have a five-year warranty. In order to reduce the inconvenience of waiting for repair to or replacement of a POS device, we offer eligible merchants three levels of assistance: (i) standard service, where the replacement device is delivered via mail; (ii) express service, where the replacement device is delivered via courier service; and (iii) quarterly preventive assistance for larger clients, where our field technicians visit the merchant periodically to carry out maintenance on a preventive basis.

✓    Developer platform

We enable merchants to give third-party developers access to their free PagBank digital accounts on a secure basis using application programming interfaces, or APIs. Our APIs are designed to allow developers a plug-and-play service to create integrated websites and software applications that connect to the PagSeguro platform, allowing merchants to benefit fully from the features and value-added services and features available on our ecosystem, while keeping our customers’ financial information confidential. Our developer platform offers integration tests and guides (including modules and a virtual library) and community and GitHub forums.

✓    Shipping solutions

Through a partnership with the Brazilian Post Office, we offer integrated shipping solutions enabling online merchants to send, insure and track their packages at lower overall shipping rates than the Brazilian Post Office’s standard prices. Delivery fees can be included in the online sales transaction or paid separately by the purchaser. Using our shipping cost calculator, merchants can choose to offer (i) a fixed freight rate based on the number of items shipped, (ii) a weight-based rate, or (iii) a customized rate based on a fixed amount plus an incremental rate for each additional item. Merchants can also track all shipments and insure their products against loss. We monitor and review the Brazilian Post Office’s performance and compliance with our contractual terms.

✓    EFTPOS Integration Solution

Our EFTPOS integration solution, which we launched in August 2017, offers solutions that integrate EFTPOS technology with merchant software, secured via PIN pad. This service allows merchants to process of large transaction volumes and issue tax receipts more easily than with traditional POS devices.

✓    Single-Click

Our Single-Click service is a functionality offered across our e-commerce platforms that enables merchants to request customer approval to save their payment information, simplifying future purchases. Once approved, e-commerce merchants can provide a seamless checkout option, allowing customers to make purchases with a single click.

✓    Promotional engine

Our promotional engine is a marketing tool that allows merchants to advertise across our client base. For example, a merchant can offer promotional discounts to other PagSeguro customers in specific sectors.

✓    Multiple merchant feature

In February 2018, we launched an innovative functionality for both our Moderninha Wi-Fi and Moderninha Pro which enables multiple merchants to share a single POS device. Our Moderninha Plus (which we launched in May 2018) and our Moderninha Pro 2 (which we launched in December 2019) also have this functionality. With this new functionality, each of these POS devices can serve up to six digital accounts, handling sales transactions for each account separately and allowing entrepreneurs and merchants to manage multiple businesses using a single POS device. The launch of this new functionality, innovative in the Brazilian market, furthers our continuous process of democratization and greater penetration of our payment terminals for entrepreneurs and merchants across all types of businesses.

✓    Software solutions

We offer software solutions through our subsidiaries R2Tech, Tilix and Yamí as well as through our PagVendas app and our proprietary food delivery app PedeFácil. Through these software solutions, our merchants are able to increase sales and manage their business.

Through R2Tech, merchants can reconcile payment transactions. Through Tilix, PagSeguro clients can improve their bill payment experience with facilitated management and payment of bills through a simple and user-friendly interface. Through PagVendas, merchants can combine payments and software integration into our smart POS. Through Yamí, PagBank clients have access to a back-office platform for e-commerce and marketplaces.

Through our PedeFácil offering, restaurant segment customers can manage orders in real time, and PedeFácil is currently being rolled out to a limited number of our merchants. Our revenues from PedeFácil will be a take rate over the value of each order. We believe that PedeFácil is well positioned to help merchants as they face unprecedented shifts in their businesses due to social distancing and quarantine practices triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in an increased demand for electronic ordering and delivery services. Our revenues from PedeFácil will be a monthly subscription fee plus a take rate over the value of each order. We believe that the launch of PedeFácil is well positioned to help merchants in the bar and restaurant industry as they face unprecedented shifts in their businesses due to social distancing and quarantine practices triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in an increased demand for electronic ordering and delivery services.

According to IDC (International Data Corporation), the total addressable market in Brazil for retail management software in 2020 was R$11.1 billion. This represents a large potential revenue addressable market for us, especially since as of March 31, 2022, PagSeguro has a total of 799,000 active users subscribed to our software.

Our cash-out solutions enable our clients to transfer or spend the balance on their free PagBank digital account securely by a variety of means including in-person and online purchases or cash withdrawals using our PagSeguro prepaid cards or cash cards, on-platform peer-to-peer transfers, instant Central Bank wire transfers, cross-border remittances, bill payments, top up prepaid mobile phone, Uber, Spotify or Google Play credits and QR code transactions with PagSeguro terminals.

✓    PagSeguro credit, cash and prepaid cards

We offer PagSeguro Visa credit cards, PagSeguro Visa NFC enabled cash cards and PagSeguro MasterCard prepaid cards.

Our PagSeguro Visa credit cards have no annual or membership fees and are offered to our best merchants. The credit card is accepted in Brazil and abroad and the credit card’s information can be stored in the free PagBank digital account to permit NFC or QR Code transactions. As NFC and QR Codes do not require contact between the buyer and the seller’s POS device, the transactions are contactless.

Our PagSeguro Visa NFC enabled cash card is linked directly with the balance of the free PagBank digital account without the need to reload the card, unlike our PagSeguro prepaid cards.

Our PagSeguro MasterCard prepaid cards allow merchants or consumers to use the balance from their free PagBank digital account to buy goods and services in-person and online or withdraw cash at more than one million Cirrus network ATMs in Brazil and abroad. Merchants can therefore receive payments from sales transactions into their free PagBank digital account and spend that money directly using the PagSeguro prepaid card, without needing a bank account. With a modest initial purchase cost, the card comes with no annual fees or interest rates – and we provide it free to merchants who purchase a PagSeguro POS or mPOS device. The PagSeguro prepaid card does not require credit checks on the merchant or preapproval for issuance. In 2020, we issued more than 6 million cards, including PagSeguro prepaid, cash and credit cards. In 2021, we also issued more than six million cards, including the same modalities as in the previous year.

We generate revenues from: (i) the issuance fees for PagSeguro prepaid cards; (ii) interchange fees we receive, as a card issuer, from each transaction made through PagSeguro prepaid cards; and (iii) a flat fee for cash withdrawals at ATMs using PagSeguro prepaid cards. After the initial issuance fee, the cardholder does not pay an annual fee or other fees for using the card.

✓    On-platform peer-to-peer transfers

Our clients can use the balance on their free PagBank digital account to transfer funds to other free PagBank digital accounts on our platform. We charge a commission paid by the recipient of the payment.

✓    Bank transfers

Clients can make transfers from their free PagBank digital account directly to a bank account. We believe, however, that our numerous direct cash-out options are increasingly reducing the need for our merchants to transfer balances out of our digital platform. We do not receive revenues from cash-out bank transfers.

✓    Bill payment

Clients can pay a wide variety of bills, such as utilities, consumer, tax and other boletos, through our i-banking app PagBank – PagSeguro using the cash balance in their free PagBank digital account. There is no cost to our clients for using this feature. We receive revenues in the form of a flat fee from the issuer of the bill for each bill payment processed.

✓    Cross-border remittance

Our “Boa Compra” platform provides international merchants with local payment solutions for their consumers located in different countries across Latin America, Spain, Portugal and Turkey (for example, for foreign merchants selling to Brazilian consumers, or for Brazilian merchants selling to foreign consumers in Latin America – although the platform is also used for transactions where neither party is Brazilian). Boa Compra originally operated in the online gaming industry and has been particularly attractive to clients in that industry. Since its launch, however, Boa Compra has now expanded to serve other industries.

Using Boa Compra, international online merchants, such as Valve (Steam), Garena, Electronic Arts and Riot Games, can provide their end-users with local payment methods, leveraging conversion rates and unlocking the market potential of cross-border e-commerce.

The Boa Compra platform features both an integrated web-checkout solution and a direct checkout, which allow clients to save their credit card information for future transactions and enables international checkout by offering users more than 140 payment methods in multiple currencies. When Brazilian consumers, for instance, make a purchase using Boa Compra, Boa Compra manages the payment processing and collection and organizes the remittance of the funds outside Brazil on behalf of each customer in accordance with Central Bank regulations using the consumer’s Brazilian taxpayer identification number.

Additionally, the Boa Compra platform also features a payout solution and has built a strong relationship with Tik Tok (Bytedance Group). When Tik Tok’s Brazilian end-users are eligible for receiving small amounts from the publisher, Boa Compra intermediates the transaction, which collects the cash from Tik Tok abroad and settles the amount for the payee in Brazil, into a PagBank account held by the end-user.

✓    PAGS capital

Our PAGS Capital offering is a lending product with a small number of clients selected according to characteristics such as registered account date, TPV and frequency. PAGS Capital charges lending fees that are almost three times lower than those of incumbent banks. We expect this product to increase client loyalty and to help our clients gain access to working capital in order to grow their businesses. At December 31, 2021, we had a total portfolio of R$1.9 billion (including working capital, credit cards and initiatives such as public and private payroll loans).

We offer our clients free digital accounts, which they can use to sell products as merchants, or to buy products as consumers. There is no division between the two categories, since the same digital account serves both types of clients – indeed, our merchants are also consumers when they spend their digital account balance using our cash-out features, and our consumer clients can also be merchants.

We offer the following major benefits for both merchants and consumers:

•PagBank offers to our customers a free PagBank digital account. Customers do not need a bank account to join our ecosystem because our free PagBank digital account is similar to a regular checking account linked to the Central Bank’s platform. With a 100% online onboarding process, without paperwork, quick turnaround and a high acceptance rate, we offer to our consumers and merchants access to our advanced digital banking ecosystem, with functionalities such as bill payments, top up prepaid mobile phone, Uber, Spotify or Google Play credits, wire transfers, peer to peer cash transfers, prepaid credit cards, cash cards, loans, investments, QR code payments, and payroll portability, among other digital banking services.

•Consumers and merchants can sign up for PagBank through an in-App registration process that takes less than three minutes.

•For merchants, we provide access to our advanced digital payment processing and early payment of merchants’ installment receivables. We accept merchants who are either individuals or companies.

•We offer a full suite of 40 cash-in options under a single contract, with security and reliability, plus 13 cash-out options including wire and peer to peer transfers, QR code payments, bill payments, top up prepaid mobile phone, Uber, Spotify or Google Play credits and in-person and online purchases or cash withdrawals using our PagSeguro prepaid and cash cards.

•Our pricing model for all of our services– whether transaction fees, early payment of installment receivables or POS devices – is simple, transparent and easy to understand. We also offer promotions on our MDR pricing, such as zero MDR for new merchants using POS devices for the earlier of the first R$1,500 or 30 days. These promotions are applicable to debit and credit card transactions without installments and purchases made through all of our POS devices.

•Our social payment solution, and payment link allows merchants to use their PagSeguro account and website to request payments via web links that are sent through e-mail, social networks or messaging services like WhatsApp. Beyond that, we provide a full stack of API and on line payment solution such as: checkouts, disbursment, refunds and others.

•We offer a comprehensive suite of affordable POS devices, with user-friendly features and functionalities, reliable connectivity and a five-year warranty. Our devices range from the entry-level Minizinha to the Moderninha Smart, which is an innovative and advanced POS device. This PagSeguro Android based terminal (Smart), launched in October 2019 based on simplicity and ease of use, offers a full integration between hardware and software. This environment allows more than 200 software developers to offer its solution through our smart Terminal combining different kind of apps to form a fast and secure payments network. For the equivalent of three to six months’ rental payments with incumbents, merchants can have a comparable device from PagSeguro and avoid continuous monthly rental fees.

•Data protection and confidentiality for consumers, with merchant verification and transaction protection mechanisms, including escrow periods and claim mediation services.

•Our payment solutions reduce the need for consumers to carry cash since more individual entrepreneurs, micro-merchants and SMEs are able to accept digital payments in-person.

•We may offer additional credit lines to eligible merchants, such as lending and credit cards. At December 31, 2021, we had a total portfolio of R$1.9 billion, including working capital, credit cards and initiatives such as public and private payroll loans).

Since we only provide the payment service and the acquiring service, the consumer in the underlying commercial transaction is not our client, and we are not responsible for providing the goods or services or fulfilling the consumer order. As provider of the payment service, we facilitate the payment transaction on behalf of the merchant; while as acquirer, we enable merchants to accept payment cards by completing the processing of the payment transaction.

Our merchant base is highly diversified, which shields us from dependence on a small number of business sectors or major accounts. In 2021, department stores, our largest volume sector, and professional services, our second largest volume sector, accounted for 11% and 9%, respectively, of our overall transaction business. No other major business sector (fast food restaurants (9%), eating venues and restaurants (3%), wholesale clubs (3%) or barbers and beauty parlors (3%) accounted for more than 10% of our overall TPV. We are not dependent on any individual merchants. In 2021, our top 10 clients represented less than 5% of our TPV and our top 100 clients represented less than 13% of our TPV.

We have taken a new approach to offering digital financial services to Brazilian clients, both consumers and merchants, focused on individual entrepreneurs, micro-merchants and SMEs. Instead of simply processing transactions, our end-to-end digital platform creates an ecosystem where our clients can transact and manage their cash by providing a free PagBank digital account. We are focused on providing disruptive products and solutions that are secure, affordable, scalable and easy to use, with simple and transparent pricing.

We principally target micro-merchants and SMEs, many of whom were ignored or underserved by the incumbent payment providers and financial institutions in Brazil before PagSeguro was launched. These incumbents generally charge micro-merchants and SMEs higher overall fees and commissions because they generate lower transaction volumes. Our platform enables us to keep overall per-transaction fees lower for merchants who generate lower transaction volumes. We believe our client data supports this model: according to a survey that we conducted in February 2022, 60% of our merchants used PagSeguro as their sole electronic payments service and 56% of Minizinha owners did not accept card payments prior to signing up with us.

We strive to provide relevant products, efficient customer service, account support and protection from fraud and loss. We have developed a number of security procedures to provide protection to consumers by offering escrow periods and claim mediation, covering issues such as non-delivery or failure to match the merchant’s description of the product sold. See, “Protecting Our Clients” and “Our Products and Services—The Free PagBank Digital Account—The PagSeguro Ecosystem—Advanced Built-In Functionalities and Value-Added Services and Features—Purchase Protection.”

We develop most of the software technology used by our digital payments and banking platform in-house, although we also outsource certain projects to outside developers in order to expedite the delivery of software and keep our time-to-market advantage. Through this combination of technology, developed both in-house and by outsourced developers, we have developed a stable, reliable, proprietary and highly scalable platform with intuitive user interfaces, management tools, transaction processing, APIs, and database and network applications that help our customers utilize our suite of products and services, while keeping their financial information confidential.

Our payments platform allows consumers to make purchases using a broad range of payment methods, regardless of where a merchant is located. For purchases made outside Brazil, we collaborate with local payment service providers. Our banking platform offers a large number of options for making transfers, paying bills, refilling prepaid phones and other wallets. It also includes a complete set of cards, including a cash card, a prepaid card and a credit card.

We manage large volumes of system access data and transactions, with more than 99.55% availability in 2021, using internet data centers provided by Scala Data Centers and outsourcing, cloud computing and other managed IT services provided by Compasso UOL, a UOL group company. Scala Data Centers and Compasso UOL provide these services to UOL, PagSeguro and several other large clients. Our transactions per second monthly peak increased from 79 in June 2016 to 284 in December 2021, and our average monthly deployments increased by a multiple of 13.5 from 597 average monthly deployments in 2017 to 12,273 average monthly deployments in 2021. With our hybrid infrastructure, combining local data centers and cloud computing, we are able to scale up our services while retaining high availability for peak – volume occasions such as Christmas, Mother’s Day and Black Friday. This high-availability and continuously deployed platform ensures that all of our clients are able to operate with the latest features and the newest innovations without needing to patch or upgrade their software. Our scale as a UOL group company allows us to establish favorable partnerships with several suppliers, including software developers and hardware manufacturers.

Technology and innovation are in the DNA of the UOL group and are at the core of our business success, with products and engineering personnel representing 44.31% of the total headcount of PagSeguro as at December 31, 2021. With our specialized team of 3,716 people focused on developing reliable, scalable and proprietary systems and new products and features, we regularly roll out innovative and disruptive solutions that are tailored to the Brazilian market. Our expenditure on software and technology (including salaries) amounted to R$697.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2021, R$531.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2020, R$326.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2019 and R$218.9 million in 2018.

We strive to offer new features and formats to improve our users’ experience on our platform. This process starts by listening to suggestions from our clients. We hold focus group meetings and conduct surveys periodically with regular and highly active customers to obtain feedback regarding our products and services, as well as suggestions and ideas for new features.

We test all new products and features rigorously in-house and with pilot groups of merchants before rolling them out. Once our internal team has ensured they are working properly, we typically roll them out first to a select group of customers on a trial basis, listening to feedback and suggestions and enhancing the final details of the product or feature before rolling out to all customers. We frequently update our software products and follow a regular software release schedule with improvements deployed periodically, ensuring our merchants get immediate access to the latest features.

Managing our platform’s software architecture and hardware is as important as offering new products and features. We focus on optimizing our processes and equipment to help ensure that our systems are capable of handling our rapid growth in an efficient and cost-effective way.

Our technology infrastructure simplifies the storage and processing of large amounts of data, automates many administrative tasks, and enables us to deploy and operate products and services on a wide scale. Our technology infrastructure is designed to reduce downtime in the event of system outages or catastrophic events, with continuity features, system redundancy and protection against cybersecurity threats. For further information on the measures we take to protect against cybersecurity threats, see “Protecting Our Clients.” We strive to improve our technology infrastructure and platform continuously in order to enhance the customer experience and to increase security, efficiency and scalability.

PagSeguro’s research and development activities are based on years of experience in solid agile practices. These activities are distributed among small teams, known as squads, which work in parallel on complex projects. In addition to our information technology professionals, the squads consist of people from different disciplines, including our products department, domain-specific business areas, information security department and customer relationship management team, among others. The exact composition of each squad is different and appropriate for each context. People on the squads apply methods like Scrum and Kanban to manage their daily activities. In order to have a global view of our projects, we use a portfolio management system which utilizes dashboards containing the scope of each development cycle, the backlog and what has been deployed thus far. Our experimentation and decisions are guided by lean practices that are heavily based on factual, data-driven information and hypothesis validation, helping us optimize our prioritization. For hypothesis tests, we heavily use practices like AB tests, data analysis and inferences. Our squads are encouraged to have an open mind and engage in frank communications, while maintaining responsibility and an appropriate level of autonomy.

Our efficiencies of scale, relentless cost discipline, and ongoing improvements to systems and processes. As our scale has expanded, our expenses have increased when compared to our Total revenue and income: for example, in the year ended December 31, 2021, our Total expenses increased to 85.8% of our Total revenue and income from 74.0% in the year ended December 31, 2020, while Revenue from transaction activities and other services and Financial income, taken together, increased to 98.6% of our Total revenue and income from 98.1% in the year ended December 31, 2020. In the year ended December 31, 2021, our non-GAAP Total expenses totaled 82.0% of our non-GAAP Total revenue and income, compared to 70.8% in the year ended December 31, 2020. For a reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to the most closely related GAAP financial measures, see “Item 3. Key Information—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” By maintaining our spirit of innovation combined with our focus on reducing costs, we intend to continue to drive costs down to achieve further profitable growth. We anticipate that we will continue to devote considerable resources to research and development in the future as we add new features and functionality to our products and services to strengthen and extend our digital banking solutions. Our market is characterized by rapidly changing and disruptive technologies, as well as evolving industry and regulatory standards, and we seek to remain in the front line of these changes. We believe our ability to adapt to rapidly changing technologies, products and services in an evolving industry is the cornerstone of our future success. For further information on the technological challenges in our industry, see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Business and Industry—Increasingly intense competition may harm our business.”

Trust and security are essential to success in the digital payments market. Fraud is a constant threat, involving items such as account takeover, identity theft and malicious counterparty activities. The ability to protect our clients from financial loss and data theft has been key to our competing successfully and growing our business sustainably, and we believe security will continue to be a major competitive factor in the future. We invest in providing comprehensive protection for our clients on our ecosystem, focusing on three main areas: transaction security; platform security; and customer service. Our investments in this area have been recognized by our customers and the industry. For example, we were recognized as the “Best Company for Consumers” for electronic payments in 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016 and for online payments in 2015 by Época magazine and Reclame Aqui, a consumer protection service, and were recognized for client service excellence in the financial services category in 2015, 2017 and 2019 by Consumidor Moderno and in 2019 by Exame IBRC.

We have focused and is part of our culture since our launch on ensuring the security of payment transactions carried out on our ecosystem. We believe we have been a pioneer in developing technology and expertise against online fraud and chargebacks related to fraudulent transactions in Brazil, supported by the reputation of the PagSeguro and UOL brands. Our transaction approval rate dropped slightly in 2021 compared to 2020, from 81% to 78%. In 2016, we were named the Brazilian acquirer with the lowest chargeback-to-sales ratio by Visa. Our net chargeback rates for transactions of six months old averaged 0.10%% in 2021, a decrease of 16% from 0,12% in 2020. These net chargeback rates compare highly favorably with the 1.0% limit established by the card schemes. We achieve transaction security through a combination of antifraud technology, the design of our platform, and protection programs for our clients.

As is the case with any digital transaction, those that take place on our digital platform are susceptible to potentially fraudulent or improper sales. We use two main processes to control this fraud risk. The first process consists of monitoring credit card, debit card and boleto transactions on a real time basis, through systems that identify potential fraud. This process approves or rejects suspicious transactions at the time of the authorization, based on statistical models that are revised on an ongoing basis. The second process, which occurs after approval of the transaction, consists of a reconciliation process in which PagSeguro Brazil follows up on all chargebacks with the card issuers and, where appropriate, opens a claim process to seek reversal of the chargeback. This is a complementary process and increases our ability to avoid and manage chargebacks.

Our antifraud platform combines proprietary features, such as internal risk modeling and scoring through artificial intelligence and risk assessment tools that collect public and private market information, combined by advanced fraud combat tools such as biometric engine with facial recognition with liveliness detection features, as well as front-line third-party solutions such as Feedzai, Emailage, Serasa Experian and Threatmetrics. For more information, see “Our Products and Services—The Free PagBank Digital Account—The PagSeguro Ecosystem—Advanced Built-In Functionalities and Value-Added Services and Features—Antifraud Platform.”

The design of our platform also assists in preserving data confidentiality. Consumers can make payments through PagSeguro without sharing sensitive financial information such as credit card or debit card details with the merchant. Transactions on PagSeguro are tokenized and payment authorization credentials are kept separated from account holder’s information, helping us to better detect and prevent fraud when funds enter, flow through and exit our ecosystem. In addition, the ability to make and accept digital payments increases personal security in in-person transactions by reducing the need for both consumers and merchants to carry cash.

Our protection programs guard our clients from loss through fraud and counterparty non-performance. We believe the history and critical mass of our consumer database allows us to provide quicker and more reliable transaction approval when compared with smaller or more recently established digital payments providers in Brazil. Our protection programs, which apply to online purchase transactions completed through our ecosystem, aim to reassure consumers the confidence that they will only be required to pay if they receive the product in the condition as described, and merchants the confidence that they will receive payment for the product that they are delivering to the customer.

Our merchant program protects against losses for chargebacks related to fraudulent transactions and similar claims on substantially all of our online transactions. A chargeback situation may also occur if the card used was unauthorized or if there is a non-fraudulent cardholder claim. If a chargeback claim is valid, the card issuer sends the transaction back to the merchant and charges the merchant the amount of the questioned sale. If the merchant cannot remedy the chargeback, it is the merchant’s loss. If there are not sufficient funds in the merchant’s account, the chargeback amount is charged to the acquirer.

For consumers, we provide protection against losses under which they can submit a claim if there is a problem with a purchase. The consumer can file a claim through our PagSeguro website, in which case the consumer and the merchant can seek to resolve the claim together. If they cannot resolve the claim within seven days after the claim is filed, the consumer has up to 20 days after filing the claim to request our assistance, in which case we act as mediator to help resolve the issue with the merchant. If a consumer does not request mediation within 20 days after filing a claim, the claim will be resolved in favor of the merchant.

The architecture of our proprietary end-to-end payments platform coupled with third-party front-line solutions are key to our ability to provide consumers and merchants with continuity and security in their transactions. Through our numerous cash-in and cash-out options we are able to collect data from our clients, which allows us to save important information on customers for purposes of the approval of future transactions. The multiple layers of protection included in our platform help ensure continuity as well as addressing the cybersecurity risks discussed in “—Transaction Security” above.

We have developed intuitive user interfaces, customer tools and transaction processing and database and network applications that help our users complete transactions reliably and securely, both on our platform and on merchant sites integrated with PagSeguro. Our technology infrastructure simplifies the storage and processing of large amounts of data, facilitates the deployment and operation of large-scale global products and services, and automates administrative tasks. This technology infrastructure has been designed around industry-standard architectures to reduce downtime in the event of outages or catastrophic occurrences. We periodically conduct risk assessments on our business processes and critical assets, identifying the need for the adoption and improvement of our continuity and contingency plans, as well as following an extensive testing program on our business continuity and disaster recovery plans. In addition, we regularly adapt our environment monitoring activities to reduce the time to identify and respond to cyber-attacks and improving the resilience of the environment whenever necessary. We work hard to improve our technology infrastructure continuously in order to enhance customer experience and increase efficiency, scalability and security. We also make use of well-known security protocols and solutions to secure user data, including, among others: EV-SSL certificate, multiple data encryption techniques, intrusion detection (IPS/IDS), application firewalls (WAF), Anti-Distributed Denial-of-Service (Anti-DDos), Data Loss Prevention (DLP), 2-factor authentication and encrypted communications. We also hold the following certifications: PIN security; MasterCard and Visa merchant acquiring host; MasterCard terminal integration process, or M-TIP; Visa acquirer device validation toolkit, or ADVT; MasterCard end-to-end demonstration services, or ETED; PCI Data Security Standard, or PCI-DSS; and Europay, MasterCard, and Visa, or EMV, Levels 1 and 2. Our data centers are also certified under the International Organization of Securitization, or ISO, standards 9001, 20000 and 27001. We also perform security penetration tests on a regular basis and apply top-most security solutions for code and application scanning (SAST/DAST). We maintain a private "Bug Bounty" program for identifying bugs and security vulnerabilities in our systems and applications exposed on the Internet. For information on new data protection regulations, see “Item 3A. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Our business is subject to cyberattacks and security and privacy breaches.”

Our platform’s architecture enables us to connect all parties regardless of whether the transaction is occurring at a traditional physical location (such as inside a store), a non-traditional physical location (such as in a park), or online, and whether through a mobile or fixed-line device. We believe that mobile devices, in addition to being the future of e-commerce, create opportunities to make digital payments safer. For example, we are able to use location data from mobile devices to reduce risk for our clients.

Following our acquisition of our subsidiary MOIP in October 2020, which represented less than 3% of our consolidated assets as of December 31, 2021 and less than 2% and 1% of our consolidated revenue and net income for the year ended December 31, 2021, we discovered that MOIP was involved in a cyberattack between September 25 and September 29, 2021. The hackers demanded that specified payments be made to prevent the public disclosure or sale of the targeted data that was compromised in the incident, which included personal profile information of MOIP customers. At the time of the incident, MOIP had a distinct and separate IT server and operating environment from the rest of our IT platform and systems, and therefore none of our databases, customer information or systems were subject or comprised, or formed part of the compromised data, beyond those independently within the MOIP IT environment. We promptly followed the requirements of applicable Brazilian law, including the filing of a formal report to the ANPD and the Central Bank on October 7, 2021. After completion of the assessment, without financial impacts, we provided further information regarding the incident to the ANPD on January 5, 2022 through a complementary form. On March 11, 2022, the ANPD

We believe in excellence in customer service and we continually invest in our merchant and consumer relationships by providing continuous customer service, account support and innovative solutions. By helping our clients navigate our applications and answering their questions quickly, we have been able to grow rapidly and to build trust with our clients, which has increased their loyalty and enhanced our reputation.

We provide our customers with an array of digital self-service features including real-time online chat, chatbots, customer service e-mail and a customer service hotline. Our customer service operations are provided by a combination of PagSeguro employees and outsourced providers, which together make up approximately 3,778 full-time equivalent, or FTE, positions.

We maintain service quality by placing emphasis on careful selection of our customer service personnel and regular monitoring of employee performance. Our employees are trained to have in-depth product and service knowledge, professional service attitudes and communication skills to best address customer needs and inquiries.

Our marketing strategy is designed to grow our platform by building and maintaining the brand recognition and trust of the PagSeguro and UOL brands, attracting new users and generating more frequent activity by our existing users. Our marketing initiatives aiming to recruit merchants to our ecosystem currently focus on our POS devices, web checkout solutions and other online payment solutions. We believe that introducing our digital payment solutions to merchants who are not yet our clients is the most efficient and cost-effective strategy to sustain our growth among both merchants and consumers, creating a “network growth effect.” The advantages of our digital payment solutions for merchants drive growth in their businesses, and the advantages of our digital payment solutions for consumers lead them to prefer merchants who offer these solutions, resulting in the acquisition of new clients through word-of-mouth recommendations by both merchants and consumers.

Our existing clients, many of whom use PagSeguro as an exclusive payment method, enable us to grow our merchant base rapidly and organically. Each time a consumer who has not yet registered with PagSeguro visits our website or pays a merchant using one of our online or in-app checkout solutions, the consumer is invited to open a free PagBank digital account to make his or her next purchase with PagSeguro easy and seamless.

We strive to position PagSeguro products and services in top of mind and present them as a desirable, easy and secure means to accept and make payments in Brazil, while accompanying the consumer throughout the purchasing process, from general brand awareness through to actual purchase or account registration. As a digital company, and with the support of UOL’s audience, we continue to build and maintain brand recognition and trust through a variety of marketing campaigns, including advertising through traditional media, such as television, magazines and newspapers, and online advertising such as display media, videos, search results and social media, including:

•traditional offline media: television advertisements and merchandising (broadcast and cable), radio, movie theaters, the printed press, festivals and events, and display media such as billboards, urban digital time and weather displays, and airport and bus station displays;

•traditional online advertising: display media (including banners, rich media, interstitials, videos and native ads) on a variety of online platforms, such as premium websites, portals, video platforms such as YouTube, social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram, mobile apps, e-mail marketing and affiliates programs; and

•search: we have expertise in positioning our products in preferential placements on search platforms displayed on desktops, tablets and smartphones, using specific initiatives such as paid search (Search Engine Marketing, or SEM, which includes bid management tools and keywords analysis) and natural or organic search (Search Engine Optimization, or SEO, which includes website optimization).

Our marketing department develops all these online and offline marketing strategies using single integrated concepts, so that our campaigns include key visual characteristics and consistent messages across all channels. In line with our growth strategy, most of our campaigns focus on micro-merchants and SMEs, with messages that highlight our easy, safe and hassle-free way of accepting payments, such as “a single online contract that allows you to accept more than 40 cash-in methods” and “free yourself from POS rental fees.” We regularly compare our pricing to our competitors’ and point out the advantages of our products and services for new or growing businesses. At the same time, we also advertise value-added products and services targeted at larger merchants and consumers from higher income sectors, including our business management tools and commercial automation solutions.

We believe that our association with the UOL group brings experience and competitive advantages in designing, negotiating and purchasing advertising space.

The strength of our brand, products and services has been recognized in a number of awards, including:

•Recognized as the 8th Most Innovative Company in Latin America by Fast Company in 2019 for helping Brazilian businesses manage their finances;

•Recognized for conducting the Initial Public Offering of the Year by LatinFinance and Deal of the Year in Latin America by IFR in 2018;

•Recognized for conducting the equity deal of the year by the Prêmio Golden Tombstone of the Instituto Brasileiro de Executivos de Finanças São Paulo in 2019;

•Recognized as having the most easily memorizable commercial in April 2017 and the commercial that attracted the most attention in 2018 by Forebrain, a consumer opinions research company;

•Named as the “Best Company for Consumers” for electronic payments in 2020, 2018, 2017 and 2016, for payments in 2019 and for online payments in 2015 by Época magazine and Reclame Aqui, a consumer protection service;

•Recognized as the best company in its industry in terms of client service excellence by Consumidor Moderno Award in 2015;

•Recognized for leading performance in Brazilian retail by Prêmio BR Week in 2015 and 2016.

•Recognized for innovation in the payments industry by Prêmio Whow de Inovação in 2018 and 2020;

•Recognized as the most promising fintech by Best Corporates in the Capital Markets Awards in 2018 by LatinFinance;

•Recognized for its fair stand in the APAS Show (biggest fair directed to supermarket and grocery stores industry in Latin America) by Prêmio Caio in 2018;

•Recognized by WOB – Women on Board, a non-governmental organization linked to the United Nations, for having more than two women on its Board of Directors in 2020;

•Recognized as the most innovative company in Brazil in the payments industry by Consumidor Moderno Award in 2020;

•Recognized as one of the 1000 largest companies in 2020 by the Valor Econômico newspaper;

•Recognized as one of the 500 largest companies by the Exame magazine Melhores & Maiores Award in 2019;

• Recognized as the most Innovative Electronic Payment Company in Brazil by GBO Awards in 2020;

•Recognized as one of the most Valuable Brazilian Brands in 2020 by Interbrand.

•Recognized as one of the World’s Best Banks in 2021 by Forbes;

•Recognized as the best in Acquisiton category and the 4th in the Fintech category in Brazil by iBest in 2021;

•Recognized as one of the most valuable brands of 2021 by Interbrand; and

•Recognized as the 3rd in the Bank category of companies that provided the best service to society throughout 2021 by Brazilian newspaper Estadão.

Further supporting the strength of our brand, PagBank has already shown strong results in brand recognition. Since launch, according to Google Trends on April 5, 2022, the number of internet searches for “PagBank” has grown exponentially when compared to the number of internet searches for “PagSeguro account.” Searches for “PagBank” have remained higher the those for “PagSeguro account” since April 2021.

In addition, our PagBank – PagSeguro app had 6.9 million downloads in the fourth quarter of 2021. Further evidencing the strength of our brand, according to an internal survey conducted by us, 91% of our users would hire products and services offered by PagBank. In addition, as of March 31, 2022, our PagBank – PagSeguro app was rated an average of 4.8 stars by 826,506 reviewers in Apple’s Brazilian app store and 4.5 stars by 1,609,486 reviewers in Google Play.

These rankings compare favorably to those of our main competitors’ apps, which as of the same date were rated between 3,5 to 4.8 stars in Apple’s Brazilian app store and 3.6 and 4.7 stars in Google Play.

In addition, from January 2021 to December 2021, according to data provided by Google, complementary to their January 2022 Industry Report – Finance, the number of searches for PagBank, in keywords related to all financial services, increased from 7,1% to 9.5% of financial services searches among digital banks. Searches related to PagBank in the context of all financial services represented more than a third (34.4%) of all searches for digital banks in the same context.

			Brand			Indexed Volume			Month to  Month Growth			Prior Month Ranking
1			PagBank			1.00			0.2%			1
2			Nubank			0.76			13.8%			2
3			Banco Inter			0.32			(1.3)%			3
4			Banco Pan			0.35			(1.2)%			4
5			C6			0.18			(0.6)%			5
6			Neon			0.05			(2.0)%			6
7			Original			0.08			7.1%			7
8			Superdigital			0.02			(4.5)%			8
9			Next			0.06			1.9%			9
10			Iti/Itaú			0.08			43.4%			10

We use our proprietary tools and market measurement systems developed by third parties, such as Adobe and Google, to deepen our knowledge about consumer behavior and, consequently, optimize our marketing efforts and expenditures by customizing our sales messages to make it easier for users to understand, find and buy our products and services.

Our marketing strategy is customized and we manage our desktop sites, mobile websites and mobile applications differently, each optimized for the screens they fit and the way our customers use them.

In addition to our online and offline advertising efforts described above, we developed a broad range of marketing and sales channels to access potential clients, including:

•our own sales team, mainly focused on offering our POS devices and online products and solutions to larger clients, as well as on providing ongoing support to those clients;

•partner companies that distribute PagSeguro devices and solutions to their customer base (mostly point of sale solutions’ companies);

•third parties hired as independent sale organizations to distribute our POS devices across Brazil;

•online store platforms and web development companies, which integrate PagSeguro as an exclusive or preferred payment method to their clients; and

•third-party call center service provider hired to answer calls, e-mails and chat inquiries from our clients and prospects, and to offer our devices and solutions.

We are an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands with the legal name PagSeguro Digital Ltd. and are a subsidiary of Universo Online S.A., or UOL, a Brazilian sociedade por ações de capital fechado that was founded in 1996 and Brazil’s largest internet content, digital products and services company. Our principal executive office is located at Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 1384, 01451-001, São Paulo – SP, Brazil and our telephone number is +55 (11) 3914-9524. Our investor relations office can also be reached at +55 (11) 3914-9524. The SEC maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants, such as us, that file electronically with the SEC. Our internet address is www.pagseguro.uol.com.br. On occasion, we may use our website as a channel of distribution of material company information. Financial and other material information regarding us is routinely posted on and accessible at https://https://investors.pagseguro.com/. Information provided on our website is not part of this annual report and is not incorporated by reference herein.

We carry out our operations principally through our Brazilian operating company, PagSeguro Internet Instituição de Pagamento S.A. (or PagSeguro Brazil), a Brazilian sociedade por ações.

PagSeguro Brazil carries out most operations directly, and also has four wholly-owned or substantially wholly-owned subsidiaries: (i) RegistraSeguro S.A., or RegistraSeguro, organized in Brazil, is expected to operate as trade repository (registradora) once it becomes operational and authorized by the Brazilian Central Bank; (ii) Wirecard Brazil Instituição de Pagamento S.A. (formely Wirecard Brazil S.A.), or MOIP, organized in Brazil, which provides collection and registration information activities; (iii) PagSeguro Biva Securitizadora de Créditos Financeiros S.A., organized in Brazil, which provides services related to the acquisition and securitization of financial credit operations and the issuance of securities guaranteed by such credit; and (iv) Concil Inteligência em Conciliação S.A., organized in Brazil, which when operational is expected to provide professional data processing services, application service providers, internet hosting services, technical support, maintenance and other services in information technology, licensing and assignment of the right to use computer programs. PagSeguro Brazil also holds a non-controlling interest in NetPOS Serviços de Informática S.A., an information technology company, which specializes in the development and licensing of software related to store front commercial automation and provides us with a set of solutions for our merchants to perform sales management, inventory control, financial reporting and tax issuing. In March 2019, October 2020 and August 2021, we acquired 10% of NetPOS, 100% of MOIP and 100% of Concil Inteligência em Conciliação S.A., respectvely. We incorporated RegistraSeguro in October 2019.

PagSeg Participações Ltda., or PagSeg, a holding company organized in Brazil and incorporated in July 2020, has six wholly-owned or substantially wholly-owned subsidiaries: (i) Boa Compra Tecnologia Ltda., organized in Brazil, which operates our online gaming and cross-border digital services in Latin America, Portugal, Spain and Turkey; (ii) BCPS Online Services, Lda, or BCPS, organized in Portugal, which serves as Boa Compra’s hub in Portugal and handles part of its account management; (iii) CDS Serviços Financeiros Ltda., organized in Brazil, which provides services as correspondent for financial institutions; (iv) NET+Phone Telecomunicações Ltda., organized in Brazil, which handles the exploration and provides services of telecommunications in general; (v) PagSeguro Biva Serviços Financeiros Ltda., organized in Brazil, which is a payment scheme owner which provides consulting and financial services; and (vi) PagBank Holding, a company organized in Brazil. PagBank Holding has three wholly-owned subsidiaries: (a) Yamí Software & Inovação Ltda., organized in Brazil, which is a gateway specialized in split payments and provides a back-office platform for e-commerce and marketplace, assisting merchants, particularly with exchanges and returns, and is compatible with major e-commerce platforms in Brazil such as VTEX and Oracle; (b) Tilix Digital Ltda., organized in Brazil, which provides software development for payment solutions; (c) Zygo Serviços de Tecnologia S.A., organized in Brazil, which develops computer programs on request; and PagBank Holding also holds a non-controlling interest in Boletoflex Tecnologia e Serviços S.A., organized in Brazil, which provides banking financial institutions services, credit analysis, sales promotion, collection, development and licensing of custom computer programs, and development of innovative and customized solutions for the retail, health, data center and industry sectors, among others.

PagSeguro Biva Serviços Financeiros Ltda. holds 100% of PagSeguro Biva Correspondente Bancário Ltda., organized in Brazil, which provides banking correspondent services as wholly-owned or substantially wholly owned subsidiaries. We incorporated PagBank Holding in November 2020. In 2017, in December 2018, August 2019 and July 2020, we acquired BCPS, Tilix Digital Ltda., Yamí Software & Inovação Ltda. and Zygo Serviços de Tecnologia S.A., respectively.

In addition to our operations carried out by PagSeguro Brazil, on January 4, 2019, we acquired 100% of BancoSeguro, organized in Brazil, through our wholly-owned direct subsidiary BS Holding, a holding company organized in Brazil, whose sole purpose is to hold interest in financial institutions, as required by current banking regulations and through which we hold BancoSeguro. BancoSeguro holds a license to provide financial services. This acquisition has allowed us to expand our product and services offering.

In November 2017 we set up a FIDC. The FIDC is controlled by PagSeguro Brazil, which owns 100% of the subordinated quotas In accordance with Brazilian law, the FIDC may use between 50% and 100% of its capital to purchase merchant receivables. The FIDC is used to finance the early payment of receivables of our merchants. Our remuneration from the early payment of receivables feature continues to be reflected as financial income in our consolidated financial statements. We do not expect the establishment of the FIDC to impact the discount rate we charge in connection with the early payment of receivables feature or the expenses we incur to obtain early payment of receivables from card issuers and acquirers. The FIDC is a common structure for Brazilian payment providers who offer early payment of merchants’ receivables. In addition to broadening our financing options for this feature generally, it reduces certain regulatory constraints since the FIDC structure is specifically designed for this financing activity under Brazilian law. For further information regarding our early payment of receivables feature, see “Our Products and Services—The Free PagBank Digital Account—The PagSeguro Ecosystem—Early payment of installment receivables.”

In March 2021, we incorporated a holding company under PagSeguro Digital called PagSeguro Holding Ltd., an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Additionally, during the third quarter of 2021, four new subsidiaries were set up under PagSeguro Holding Ltd., which include Pagseguro Chile SPA, Pagseguro Colombia S.A.S, PSGP México S.A de C.V. and Pagseguro Peru S.A.C.

The chart below shows our corporate structure, including our wholly-owned and majority owned subsidiaries, as of the date of this annual report:

(*)			Including 0.0053% of treasury shares and 1.98% of shares issued under the LTIP and LTIP-Goals.
(**)			Refers to total capital; UOL directly holds 86.38% of our voting capital.

The Brazilian payments industry is highly competitive and fast-changing. We compete in the online digital payments and financial services market and in the POS payments market.

In the online digital payments market, we compete primarily with international online payment services, such as PayPal, and regional players, such as MercadoPago from MercadoLibre. In the POS payments market, we compete primarily with international players, such as SumUp/Payleven, and regional players, such as MercadoPago from MercadoLibre. In the digital banking market, we compete primarily with regional player Nubank and Inter. Our business model differs from the model used by the incumbent Brazilian providers, such as Cielo, Rede, GetNet and Stone, who generally offer their POS devices under long-term monthly rental contracts with pricing that works out to be more expensive than the monthly installments for the lending of our POS devices. These incumbent providers also target larger clients, since their business model results in more expensive products and services, while our primary target customers are currently micro-merchants and SMEs, who are underserved by incumbent payment providers and large financial institutions in Brazil.

Like the digital payments industry in general, we also compete with other means of payment, both digital and traditional, including cash, checks, money orders and electronic bank deposits.

Among our peers, we are the only financial technology provider in Brazil, however, whose business model covers all of the following six pillars:

•multiple digital banking solutions;

•in-person payments via POS devices that we provide to clients;

•free digital accounts that we provide to our consumers and merchants with functionalities such as bill payments, top up prepaid mobile phone, Uber, Spotify or Google Play credits, wire transfers, peer to peer cash transfers, prepaid credit cards, cash cards, loans, investments, QR code payments, and payroll portability, among other digital banking services;

•issuer of prepaid, cash and credit cards;

•operate as a full acquirer; and

•operate as a cross-border PSP.

We seek to differentiate ourselves from our competitors primarily because of this end-to-end coverage as well as our focus on transaction security, on ease of use, and on the mobile environment. While competitive factors and their relative importance vary based on the size, industry and focus of each merchant, we believe the following factors are key to competition in the digital payments market in Brazil:

•an ecosystem that attracts, retains and engages merchants and consumers;

•speed and simplicity of the customer onboarding process;

•consumer confidence in transaction security, including the ability for consumers to make payments without sharing their financial information with the merchant or counterparty;

•POS devices with affordable prices and no rental fees;

•quality of customer service;

•breadth and depth of features and functionality; and

•brand recognition and reputation.

The Central Bank’s regulatory program seeks to increase competition in the banking and payments industry. Recently it terminated the exclusive banking arrangements between banks and some card and meal voucher schemes. By seizing these opportunities, disruptive product offerings like our free PagBank digital account gave unbanked customers access to a free payment account. We were also the first payments provider not linked to a bank in Brazil, other than the incumbent acquirers controlled by banks, to obtain accreditation from MasterCard and Visa as an acquirer, and we have also signed partnerships with Elo, American Express and other card schemes. We will continue using our local knowledge and proximity to customers to seize new business opportunities as the market continues to open.

For information on risks relating to increased competition in our industry, see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Business and Industry—Increasingly intense competition may harm our business.”

We have insurance policies with reputable insurers in amounts that our management considers to be sufficient to cover potential losses arising from events that may affect our assets, as well as for any damages that we may have to pay to third parties due to our business activities. We seek coverage against risks that are appropriate for our business activities and our scale, taking into account the nature of our business, the risks we are exposed to, market practices in our industry, and advice from our insurance consultants. We currently have the following insurance policies, which were contracted by our controlling shareholder, UOL, and list our company or our subsidiaries as co-beneficiaries, as applicable:

•insurance policy for coverage of damages to property, business interruption and lost profits, which expires on December 31, 2022 and has a coverage limit of R$294.3 million;

•cyber insurance, which expires on May 21, 2022 and has a coverage limit of R$30 million;

•D&O insurance, which expires on March 1, 2023 and has a coverage limit of R$134.4 million;

•warehouse and storage facility insurance policy, which expires on November 17, 2022 and has a coverage limit of R$122 million; and

•general liability insurance, which covers damage awards paid by us in connection with tort claims. This policy expires on December 31, 2022 and has a coverage limit of R$15 million.

We review our coverage limits every year when the policies are renewed, to ensure that they remain consistent with the value of our assets and the liabilities linked to our business. We do not currently anticipate any difficulties in renewing any of our insurance policies.

While we believe our insurance contracts reflect standard market practices, there are certain types of risks that may not be covered by our policies (such as war, terrorism, acts of God and force majeure, liability for certain harm or interruption of certain business activities). Therefore, if any of these uncovered events occur, we may be required to incur additional costs to remedy the situation, reconstitute our assets or indemnify our customers, which may adversely affect us. In addition, even if a risk is covered by our policies, we cannot assure you that any payment from our insurers will be sufficient to cover the loss.

Insurance terms are influenced by economic and market conditions. The increase and recurrence of cyberattacks in recent years may impact negatively in cybersecurity insurance premiums or even in the interest of insurance companies to offer us a cybersecurity insurance. Thus, we may not be able to renew such insurance upon expiration of our current policy and we can be subject to losses that would otherwise be contemplated in such insurance policy. For information about cybersecurity related risks, see “Item 3A. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Our business is subject to cyberattacks and security and privacy breaches.”

We operate in a somewhat seasonal industry, which tends to experience relatively fewer transactions in the first quarter of the year, increased activity as the year-end holiday shopping season initiates, and fewer transactions after the year-end holidays. While we have not experienced significant seasonality in our results at the date of this annual report due to our ongoing growth, this could change in the future. For additional information, see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Our quarterly results of operations and operating metrics may fluctuate and are unpredictable and subject to seasonality, which could result in the price of our Class A common shares being unpredictable or declining.”

Our activities in Brazil are subject to Brazilian laws and regulations relating to the payments industry. Law No. 12,865/2013, which took effect on October 9, 2013, sets forth the first set of rules regulating the payments industry within the overall Brazilian Payment System (the Sistema de Pagamentos Brasileiro, or SPB), which refers to all the entities, systems and procedures related to the clearing and settlement of funds transfer, including operations in foreign currencies. This law created the concepts of payment schemes (arranjos de pagamento), payment scheme owners (instituidores de arranjos de pagamento) and payment institutions (instituições de pagamento).

Law No. 12,865/2013 gave the Central Bank and the CMN powers to regulate entities involved in the payments industry, including those operating in digital environments. These powers cover matters such as the incorporation and operation of these entities, risk management, the opening and managing of payment accounts, and the transfer of funds to and from payment accounts. After enactment of Law No. 12,865/2013, the CMN and the Central Bank created a regulatory framework regulating the operation of payment schemes and payment institutions. Currently, the main rules of this framework consist of CMN Resolution No. 4,282/13, Central Bank Resolutions No. 80/21, 81/21, 96/21, 150/21 and Circulars No. 3,681/13, 3,704/14 and 3,721/14, among others.

Circular Nos. 3,885/18, 3,886/18 and 3,887/18, all issued on March 26, 2018, introduced several changes relevant to payment schemes and payment institutions. Such measures included, among others: (i) the introduction of a formal definition of sub-acquirers and determination of conditions that require sub-acquirers to use centralized settlement via the Brazilian Interbank Payments Clearinghouse (CIP) system; and (ii) a cap on interchange fees in debit cards of up to 0.8% in any debit transaction and maximum average interchange fee of 0.5% on total debit transaction volume. Circulars No. 3,885/18 and 3,886/18 have been replaced by Central Bank Resolutions No.80/21 and 150/21, respectively, as further detailed in this section.

On April 8, 2021, the Central Bank published Resolution No. 85/21, which sets forth the cybersecurity policy and requirements for the contracting data processing and storage services as well as cloud based computing services that payment institutions authorized to operate by the Central Bank must follow. In addition to adhering to this policy and requirements, these payment institutions must also establish a plan of action and incident response. The cybersecurity policy and requirements set forth in Resolution No. 85/21 are in line with the requirements applicable to financial institutions and other entities authorized to operate by the Central Bank under CMN Resolution No. 4,893, published on February 26, 2021. In accordance with Resolution No. 85/21, payment institutions had until December 31, 2021 to be fully compliant with cybersecurity rules (to which we have successfully adhered within the regulatory deadline).

On December 20, 2018, Circular 3,925/2018 prompted additional changes to the regulatory regime of the industry: (i) open-loop payment scheme owners (such as Visa and Mastercard), directly or through the acquirers, were permitted to impose to sub-acquirers with whom they have a relationship disclosure and monitoring obligations as to their compliance with relevant rules and adherence to payment scheme owners own regulations; (ii) sub-acquirers that also offer pre-paid payment accounts may act as domicile institution under a payment scheme; and (iii) interoperability between open-loop and closed loop payment schemes was expressly permitted. Such changes remain applicable under Resolution 150/21, which repealed Circular 3,925/18 and consolidated several rules regarding payment schemes. For more information, see “Payment Schemes” below.

Innovative regulatory changes have been recently implemented by the Central Bank, resulting in modifications to the regulatory framework of the Brazilian payments and financial industries. In February 2020, the Central Bank announced its 24/7 instant payments platform, which operates under the name “Pix”. It was launched in November 2020 as a new instant payments scheme operated by the Central Bank, which, by promoting the digitalization of payments, is intended to foster competition, reduce social costs associated with paper-based instruments and provide a better payment experience for Brazilians. Pix is based on a centralized and sole settlement infrastructure operated and maintained by the Central Bank, the Instant Payments System (SPI), and in a Account Identifier Directory (DITC), where all final users’ information and corresponding accounts are stored.

Currently, the main rules governing Pix consists of Central Bank Resolution No. 1/2020, which introduced the Pix payment scheme and approved its regulation, and Circular No. 4,027/2020, which governs the Instant Payments System (SPI). Participation in Pix is mandatory for financial institutions and payment institutions with more than 500 thousand active customer accounts, considering deposit accounts, savings accounts and prepaid payment accounts.

On September 23, 2021, the Central Bank issued Resolution No. 142, introducing security measures to be adopted by institutions under its regulation and supervision to prevent frauds in the provision of payment services, applicable to all electronic payment methods.

Among the obligations established by Resolution No. 142/21, financial and payment institutions are required to limit the provision of payment services during the nightly period to a maximum amount per deposit or prepaid payment account, as applicable. This limit may be increased at the client's request, upon formalization in the relevant electronic service channels, but the institution must establish a minimum period of 24 hours for the increase to take effect. Resolution No. 142/21 required payment service providers to implement the new transaction limit by October 4, 2021.

Pursuant to Resolution No. 142/21, financial and payment institutions must also implement:

(i)    procedures aimed at evaluating the customer prior to offering same-day early payment of receivables ; and

(ii)    daily registration of fraud or attempted fraud occurrences, including the corrective measures adopted by the institution. Based on these records, the institutions must prepare a monthly report consolidating the occurrences and the preventive and corrective measures adopted. This report must be forwarded to the institution’s audit and risk committees, internal audit unit, executive board and board of directors, as applicable.

Furthermore, on September 28, 2021, the Central Bank issued Resolution No. 147, which, in addition to detailing, within the scope of Pix, the measures established by Resolution No. 142/21, also set forth security mechanisms specific to Pix transactions, including the obligation of the receiving institution to perform fraud assessment of Pix transactions and precautionary blocking of funds. If necessary, in case of sufficient indications of fraud or because of operational failure in the systems of one of the participant institutions, the relevant funds may be reversed to the payer by means of the “Special Return Mechanism”. The Special Return Mechanism was implemented by the Central Bank by means of Resolution No. 3/21, which entered into effect on November 16, 2021.

The security measures announced by the Central Bank entered into effect on November 16, 2021, with the exception of the new transaction limits, which entered into effect on October 4, 2021

Also aiming to promote competition, in May 2020 the Central Bank issued baseline regulations for open banking. Based on the model used in the United Kingdom, open banking in Brazil operates through application programming interfaces (API) and customers’ consent is always required before any data sharing.

Open banking has a four-stage implementation plan, as follows:

•Stage 1 (completed in February 2021): public access to participating institutions’ data on their access channels and product/service channels related to checking, savings, prepaid payment accounts and to lending transactions.

•Stage 2 (completed in August 2021): sharing of customer record data and customer transactional data in connection with accounts, credit cards and credit transactions, among the participating institutions.

•Stage 3 (started in October 2021): beginning of Pix transactions by payment initiation service providers, as well as the gradual entry of other payment arrangements, and the forwarding of loan proposals (expected to be completed by the end of 2022).

•Stage 4 (started in December 2021): sharing of customer transactional data related to additional products, including the following: (i) insurance, open-end private pension and capitalization products; (ii) merchant acquiring services; (iii) foreign exchange transactions; and (iv) time deposit accounts and other investment products. Stage 4 implementation deadlines are still under discussion among the regulator and market participants.

Stages 1 and 2 were mandatory only for financial institutions belonging to segments S1 and S2 of the Brazilian financial system (which comprises major large banks), according to prudential segmentation rules set forth in Brazil (CMN Resolution 4,553/17). Institutions offering deposit accounts or payment accounts (such as PagSeguro), as well as payment initiation service providers, are mandatory participants in Stage 3, with respect to the sharing of payment initiation services. Banks that hire banking correspondents must also take part in Stage 3, with respect to the forwarding of loan proposals (which is the case of BancoSeguro). The main rules governing open banking are Joint Resolution No. 1/20 and Central Bank Circular No. 4,015/20 and further regulations may still be issued.

In December 2021, Law No. 14,286 or the New Foreign Exchange Law was published and will become effective one year counted from the date of its publication. It includes provisions relating to Brazilian capital abroad and foreign capital in the country. The main goals of the New Foreign Exchange Law are to liberalize the Brazilian foreign exchange market, which faces a lot of regulatory complexity as well as certain inconsistencies, modernize the system as well as increase innovation and competition.

According to the Central Bank, this new legislation may cause a positive impact on attracting foreign capital, for investments in the financial and capital markets and other forms of direct investment, which include long-term investments in infrastructure and concession projects. In addition to greater international insertion, the New Foreign Exchange Law contributes to the greater international use of the real, facilitating the use of domestic currency in international financial transactions, such as allowing the entry and remittance of payment orders in Brazilian reais from accounts in Brazilian reais held by institutions abroad with banks in the country.

This new legislation also consolidates over 40 legal provisions that began to be edited about 100 years ago, with dispersed commands that total more than 400 articles. This new legislation is concise, with 29 articles and current language, which will bring a greater level of legal certainty to the subjects it concerns. Additionally, the New Foreign Exchange Law encourages the reduction of operational and legal structures of foreign exchange market participants, with greater efficiency in the operations procedures and in the forwarding of information determined by the Central Bank.

In addition to instant payments and open banking, the above-mentioned authorities have been discussing adjustments to the collection in foreign currency by international card issuers. On March 1, 2020, Circular 3,918/20 became effective, amending Circular 3,691/2020 in order to improve the provisions related to international credit cards. From the effectiveness of Circular 3,918/20, the quotation of the foreign currency used for credit card expenses abroad must be that of the day on which the purchase is made.

Moreover, the CMN and the Central Bank issued new rules in order to enhance foreign exchange and international capital regulation, considering technological innovations and new business models relating to international payments and transfers. The new rules seek to promote a more competitive, inclusive and innovative environment for providing services to citizens and companies that send or receive funds from abroad.

The recently enacted rules will allow: (i) authorized payment institutions to operate in the foreign exchange market, operating exclusively through electronic means; (ii) non-banking institutions authorized to operate in the foreign exchange market (such as securities brokerage companies, foreign exchange brokerage companies and payment institutions) to directly use their foreign currency accounts held abroad to settle transactions carried out in the foreign exchange market; (iii) Brazilian exporters to also receive export revenues in a payment account held in their name with a financial institution abroad or in an account abroad of a non-banking institution authorized to operate in the foreign exchange market; (iv) the receipt or delivery of reais in foreign exchange transactions, without amount limitation, to also occur from the customers’ payment accounts held with financial institutions and other institutions authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or in payment institutions participating in the Pix; and (v) prepaid payment accounts in reais to be held by residents, domiciled or headquartered abroad.

The regulation of international payment or transfer services in the foreign exchange market have also been consolidated and modernized, providing an equal treatment for purchases of goods and services carried out with the participation of issuers of international cards, international payment facilitators and intermediaries/representatives in cross-border deliverables acquisition. Since October 2021, such services became classified in the foreign exchange regulations by the term “eFX”. Moreover, it has also been allowed, through the eFX system, to carry out current unilateral transfers and funds transfers between accounts held by the customer in Brazil and abroad, up to US$10,000.00.

The aforementioned measures were introduced under CMN Resolution No. 4,942 and Central Bank Resolution No. 137, both issued on September 9, 2021, and which came into force on October 1, 2021 (with the exception of the permission for payment institutions to operate in the foreign exchange market, which will come into force on September 1, 2022).

Moreover, Law No. 14,031/2020 provides guarantee mechanisms for the financial risks associated with the transfer and settlement of funds between the participants of open-loop payment schemes, particularly issuers and acquirers, to ensure that such funds are received by the merchants (final beneficiaries). Law No. 14,031/2020 was introduced to ensure that, in the event that an issuer or acquirer fails, the merchant receives the values arising from payment transactions carried out with credit cards. The concept of segregate net equity (patrimônio segregado) was introduced by Law No. 12,865/2013, when it created a protection against bankruptcy to the funds held in or that flow through payments accounts, setting forth that funds deposited in prepaid payment accounts are segregated from the payment institution’s own assets. In addition, in order to enforce those legal requirements, the payment institution must hold all the funds deposited in the prepaid payment account in certain specified instruments: either (i) in a specific account with the Central Bank that does not pay interest, or (ii) in federal government bonds registered with the SELIC. Law No. 14,031/2020 expanded that concept to cover all the funds flowing between participants of an open-loop payment scheme.

In November 2020, the Central Bank launched Public Consultation Notice No. 78, which provided a set of regulations that sought to harmonize the prudential treatment applicable to payment transactions, whether carried out by a payment institution or by financial institution. It also aimed to harmonize the regulatory treatment of exposures arising from related activities conducted by payment institutions with that applicable to the same exposures of financial institutions. The proposal suggested the gradual implementation of the new rules, with full adoption in January 2025.

In this context, the Central Bank has recently published a set of new rules defining the prudential regulation applicable to payment institutions. This set includes BCB Resolutions No. 197, 198, 199, 200, 201 and 202, all of March 11, 2022.

Pursuant to these rules, in order to facilitate the application of the respective prudential frameworks, prudential conglomerates will be classified into one of the following types:

•Type 1: prudential conglomerate led by a financial institution;

•Type 2: prudential conglomerate led by a payment institution and not integrated by a financial institution or by another institution authorized to operate by the Central Bank; or

•Type 3: prudential conglomerate led by a payment institution and integrated by a financial institution or other institution authorized to operate by the Central Bank.

According to the Central Bank, the concept of regulatory capital applicable to payment institutions was modified in order to ensure greater capacity to absorb unexpected losses. This treatment will consist of deducting certain institution's assets from the calculation of regulatory capital that, in situations of financial stress, have little or no value for maintaining the institution's operation.

Furthermore, the new rules sought to adapt the minimum capital requirement according to the intrinsic risks of each type of activity (payment or financial activity) for a Type 3 conglomerate, recognizing the peculiarities of the payment services and their differentiated legal status, and give specific prudential treatment to the risks arising from them. In this context, a portion of the Risk Weighted Assets of payment services (RWAsp) was created, encompassing the activities of acquiring, issuance of electronic currency and initiation of payment transactions.

With regard to prudential segmentation, it is worth mentioning that this will also be applied to Type 3 conglomerates. Based on their size and complexity, Type 3 conglomerates will be classified between S2 and S5 and will comply with the prudential rules of the respective segment. With regard to Type 2 conglomerates, as they have less complexity and risk, they will be subject to payments, simplified credit and simplified market portions. Type 1 conglomerates will also have the RWAsp portion, with the exception of institutions classified under S1 – in any case, these conglomerates will be subject to specific rules, to be edited by the CMN.

Under the new regulation, the prudential conglomerate made up by BancoSeguro, PagSeguro Brazil and MOIP will be classified as Type 3 conglomerate.

The new requirements will be enforceable according to an implementation schedule. The new rules will come into effect in January 2023, and full implementation will take place in January 2025. The Central Bank hopes that this will ensure sufficient time for institutions to adjust their internal controls and adjust their equity structure.

A payment scheme, for Brazilian regulatory purposes, is a body of rules and procedures governing certain payment services provided to the public with direct access by its end users (i.e., payors and receivers). In addition, such payment service must be accepted by more than one receiver in order to qualify as a payment scheme.

Not all the payment schemes are subject to the applicable regulation of the payment industry, including license requirements and supervision by the Central Bank. The regulatory framework imposes supervision only over payment schemes that are considered systemically relevant and, thus, are part of the SPB. The requirements for such classification depend on certain features, as follows:

•Payment schemes that exceed certain thresholds on number of payment transactions or aggregate value of transactions are considered to form part of the SPB and are subject to the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the payments industry in Brazil, including the requirement to obtain authorization by the Central Bank.

•Payment schemes that operate below these thresholds are not considered to form part of the SPB and are therefore not subject to the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the payments industry in Brazil, including the requirement to obtain authorization from the Central Bank, although they are required to report certain operational information to the Central Bank if so requested by the regulator. Furthermore, the Central Bank can issue an order requiring these payment schemes to apply for authorization to be part of the SPB on a case-by-case basis. In case an operational threshold is met, the payment scheme become part of the SPB and an application must be filed, but the payment scheme can continue to operate as usual until the authorization is granted by the Central Bank.

•Limited-purpose payment schemes are not considered as part of the SPB and, therefore, not subject to the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the payments industry in Brazil, including the requirement to obtain Central Bank authorization. Limited-purpose payment schemes are those whose payment orders are: (i) accepted only at the network of merchants that clearly presents the same visual identity as the issuer, such as franchisees and other merchant licensed to use the issuer’s brand; (ii) intended for payment of specific public services, such as public transportation and public telecommunications; (iii) related to employee benefits established by law (such as meal vouchers) or (iv) issued and accepted exclusively in the scope of a closed-loop payment scheme and intended for payment of specific services as set forth by Central Bank by means of Central Bank Resolution No. 150/21..

•Certain types of payment schemes have specific exemptions from the requirement to obtain authorization from the Central Bank. This applies, for example, to payment schemes set up by governmental authorities, closed-loop payment schemes set up by certain financial institutions and closed-loop payment schemes set up by an authorized payment institution in which financial settlement of payment transactions are carried out exclusively using the book-transfer method.

Moreover, there are two key types of payment schemes:

(i) Closed-loop payment scheme (arranjos de pagamento fechados), in which payment services (management of payment account, issuance and acquiring) are all carried out by the same entity that is the payment scheme owner or by an entity that controls or is controlled by or is under the same control of the payment scheme owner; and

(ii) Open-loop payment schemes (arranjos de pagamento abertos): all other payment schemes that do not fall under the closed-loop category.

In October 2021, Central Bank Resolution No. 150/21 revoked Circular No. 3,682 and Resolution 89/21 to promote changes and consolidate the rules applicable to payment schemes (many of them already introduced by the changes brought under Resolution 89/21). The objectives of the rule were, in addition to modernizing regulation on the matter, (i) reducing the regulatory cost on smaller schemes or that serve specific markets, (ii) improving the rules for settlement of prepayment of arrangements receivables and (iii) giving more equal treatment to agents who perform similar activities in open-loop payment arrangements.

Payment scheme owners, for Brazilian regulatory purposes, are the legal entities responsible for managing the rules, procedures and the use of the brand associated with a payment scheme. Central Bank regulations require that payment scheme owners must be incorporated in Brazil, must have a corporate purpose compatible with payments activities, and must have the technical, operational, organizational, administrative and financial capacity to meet their obligations. They must also have clear and effective corporate governance mechanisms that are appropriate for the needs of payment institutions and the users of payment schemes, and rules and procedures contemplating risk management of the participants, minimum operational requirements to be observed by the participants, monitoring of fraudulent actions, settlement of transactions among participants, interoperability mechanism, among others.

Payment scheme settlors that are responsible for managing open payments schemes part of the SPB are also subject to: (i) rules that impose the creation of internal control systems and procedures; (ii) bank secrecy rules; (iii) administrative sanctioning process of the Central Bank; and (iv) the application of preventive measures by the Central Bank, in order to ensure the soundness, efficiency and regular functioning of payment schemes.

Payment institutions are classified into the following types under Brazilian regulations, as per Central Bank Resolution No. 80/21:

•Issuers of electronic currency (i.e., e-money, generally in the form of prepaid deposits): these payment institutions manage prepaid payment accounts for cardholders or end-users, carry out payment transactions using electronic currency deposited into these pre-paid accounts, and convert the deposits into physical or book-entry currency or vice versa.

•Issuers of post-paid payment instruments (mainly credit cards): these payment institutions manage payment accounts where the cardholder or end-user intends to make payment on a post-paid basis. They carry out payment transactions using these post-paid accounts.

•Acquirers: these payment institutions do not manage payment accounts, but enable merchants to accept payment instruments issued by a payment institution or by a financial institution that participates in a payment scheme. They participate in the settlement process for payment transactions by receiving the payment from the issuer of the prepaid or post-paid instrument, and settling with the merchant.

•Payment transaction initiators: these payment institutions provide payment transaction initiation services without managing payment accounts nor holding, at any time, the transferred funds. Additionally, they may not store end-users credential data used to authenticate payment transactions. The regulations on payment transaction initiators were recently enacted by the Central Bank and these entities are expected to operate mainly within the scope of open banking.

As for issuers of post-paid payment instruments and acquirers, the regulations apply only to payment institutions that are relevant and thus considered part of the SPB, including the requirement to obtain Central Bank authorization. This depends on certain features, such as the annual cash value of transactions handled by the payment institution. Issuers of post-paid payment instruments and acquirers below the relevant operational threshold can start operations and carry out payment activities immediately, provided that, in case of open-loop payment schemes, they have been granted with a license by the payment scheme owner. While operating below the relevant operational threshold, those payment institutions only need to comply with certain reporting requirements. Once the payment institutions reach the relevant operational thresholds, they need to file the authorization request, but the regulations determined that such entities continue rendering payment services while their applications are being analyzed by the Central Bank.

In addition, certain financial institutions are waived from requiring an authorization from the Central Bank to render certain payment services. Furthermore, certain payment institutions are not subject to the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the payments industry in Brazil. This applies, for example, to payment institutions that only participate in limited-purpose payment schemes and payment institutions that provide services in the scope of programs set up by governmental authorities and payment schemes related to employee benefits established by law.

Recent regulations issued by the Central Bank tightened the rules applicable to issuers of electronic currency, requiring them to obtain Central Bank authorization before launching operations. Before this change, these issuers could operate without a license until reaching certain operational thresholds. The institutions already operating below the previously established thresholds should seek authorization according to a predetermined schedule. All existing issuers of electronic currency must request authorization by June 2023.

As for payment transaction initiators, applicable regulations provide that they must obtain Central Bank authorization prior to providing payment initiation services. Any payment institution already licensed in another modality may operate as a payment transaction initiator, provided a 90-day prior notification is sent to the Central Bank.

A payment institution must be incorporated in Brazil and must have a corporate purpose that is compatible with payments activities, and, once they become part of the SPB, as described above, they must comply with several requirements. The CMN and Central Bank regulations applicable to payment institutions that are part of the SPB cover a wide variety of issues, including: (i) homologation by the Central Bank of officers and directors; (ii) the transfer of corporate control requires prior approval of the Central Bank; (iii) minimum corporate capital and net equity; (iv) implementation of internal controls and procedures; (v) constitution of an ombudsman’s office; (vi) preparation of accounting statements pursuant to the Standard Chart of Accounts of the National Financial System (Plano Contábil das Instituições do Sistema Financeiro Nacional—COSIF); (vii) implementation of operational, liquidity, market and credit risk management structures; (viii) anti-money laundering and know-your-client requirements; (ix) banking secrecy rules; (x) settlement of payment transactions arising under open-loop payment schemes at the centralized settlement system of the Brazilian Interbank Payments Clearinghouse (CIP); and (xi) administrative penalties for non-compliance, among others. Acquiring companies must as well integrate with an authorized registration entity in order to register all merchants’ receivables and settle transactions in accordance with the information provided in such entities’ systems.

The regulations applicable to payment institutions also cover “payment accounts” (contas de pagamento), which are the end-user accounts, in registered (i.e., book-entry) form, which are opened with payment institutions that are issuers of prepaid or post-paid instruments and used for carrying out each payment transaction.

In order to provide protection from bankruptcy, Law No. 12,865/2013 sets forth that funds deposited in prepaid payment accounts are considered segregate net equity (patrimônio segregado), i.e. such funds are segregated from the payment institution’s own assets. In addition, in order to enforce such legal provision, the payment institution must hold all of the funds deposited in the prepaid payment account in certain specified instruments, either: (i) in a specific account with the Central Bank that does not pay interest, or (ii) in federal government bonds registered with the SELIC, the Central Bank’s overnight rate. In this regard, PagSeguro Brazil’s activities as a payment institution issuer of electronic currency (prepaid account management) have 100% of all deposits received invested in such instruments and protected from PagSeguro Brazil’s bankruptcy.

On May 19, 2021, the Central Bank issued Resolution No. 96/21 which amended and restated the rules relating to the opening of postpaid payment accounts (i.e., those used in products such as credit cards) and prepaid payment accounts, in addition to making the criteria for opening these accounts compatible with the rules applicable to the opening of deposit accounts (checking accounts).

Among other measures, Resolution No. 96/21 eliminated the exhaustive list of minimum customer registration information for opening prepaid and postpaid payment accounts; each institution will have discretion to determine what information it will require from the customer, depending on its profile. It also provides for new procedures with the goal of facilitating requests for prepaid and postpaid payment accounts to be closed.