(1)
For additional information regarding our discontinued operations, refer to Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
(2)
Impairment charges, included in Impairment charges represents non-cash write-downs of long-lived assets and goodwill. Refer to Note 6 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.
(3)
Reclamation and remediation charges, included in Reclamation and remediation, represent revisions to the reclamation and remediation plans and cost estimates at the Company’s former operating properties and historic mining operations that have entered the closure phase and have no substantive future economic value. For additional information, refer to Note 5 in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(4)
Pension settlements, included in Other income (loss), net, primarily represents pension settlement charges related to the annuitization of certain defined benefit plans and lump sum payments to participants in 2022 and related to lump sum payments to participants in 2021 and 2020. Refer to Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.
(5)
Change in fair value of investments, included in Other income (loss), net, primarily represents unrealized gains and losses related to the Company’s investments in current and non-current marketable and other equity securities. For additional information regarding our investments, refer to Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
(6)
Gain on asset and investment sales, included in Gain on asset and investment sales, net, primarily represents gains recognized on the sale of the investment in MARA, on disposal of trucks at Boddington, and the sale of royalty interests at NGM, partially offset by the loss recognized on the sale of the La Zanja equity method investment in 2022; the gain on the sale of the Kalgoorlie Power business, gain on the NGM Lone Tree and South Arturo exchange transaction, and gain on the sale of TMAC in 2021; and gains on the sale of Kalgoorlie and Continental and a gain on the sale of certain royalty interests to Maverix in 2020. For additional information, refer to Note 8 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
(7)
Settlement costs, included in Other expense, net, primarily represents a legal settlement and a voluntary contribution made to support humanitarian efforts in Ukraine in 2022; a voluntary contribution made to the Republic of Suriname in 2021; and costs related to the ecological tax obligation at Peñasquito in Mexico, mineral interest settlements at Ahafo and Akyem in Africa, the Cedros community agreement at Peñasquito in Mexico, a water related settlement at Yanacocha in Peru and other related costs in 2020.
(8)
Restructuring and severance, included in Other expense, net, primarily represents severance and related costs associated with significant organizational and operating model changes implemented by the Company for all periods presented.
(9)
COVID-19 specific costs, included in Other expense, net, primarily includes amounts distributed from Newmont Global Community Support Fund to help host communities, governments and employees combat the COVID-19 pandemic for all periods presented and includes incremental direct costs incurred as a result of actions taken to protect against the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Refer to Note 7 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.
(10)
Loss on assets held for sale, included in Loss on assets held for sale, represents the loss recognized due to the reclassification of the Conga mill assets as held for sale during 2021. The assets were remeasured to fair value less costs to sell. For additional information, refer to Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
(11)
Loss on debt extinguishment, included in Other income (loss), net, primarily represents losses on the debt tender offer and subsequent extinguishment of the 2023 Newmont Senior Notes and the 2023 Goldcorp Senior Notes during 2021 and the extinguishment of a portion of the 2022 Senior Notes and 2023 Senior Notes during 2020.
(12)
Impairment of investments, included in Other income (loss), net, primarily represents other-than-temporary impairment of the TMAC investment in 2020.
(13)
Goldcorp transaction and integration costs, included in Other expense, net, primarily represents costs incurred in 2020 related to Newmont’s acquisition of Goldcorp completed in 2019 as well as subsequent integration costs.
(14)
Primarily represents an $11 reimbursement of certain historical Goldcorp operational expenses related to a legacy project that reached commercial production in the second quarter of 2022 and $7 of penalty income from an energy vendor early terminating a contract in 2022, included Other income (loss), net.
(15)
Adjusted EBITDA has not been adjusted for $ — , $8, and $178 of cash care and maintenance costs, included in Other expense, net, which primarily represent costs incurred associated with certain mine sites being temporarily placed into care and maintenance in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
Adjusted Net Income (loss)
Management uses Adjusted Net Income (Loss) to evaluate the Company’s operating performance and for planning and forecasting future business operations. The Company believes the use of Adjusted Net Income (Loss) allows investors and analysts to understand the results of the continuing operations of the Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries relating to the sale of products, by excluding certain items that have a disproportionate impact on our results for a particular period. Adjustments to continuing operations are presented before tax and net of our partners’ noncontrolling interests, when applicable. The tax effect of adjustments is presented in the Tax effect of adjustments line and is calculated using the applicable regional tax rate. Management’s determination of the components of Adjusted Net Income (Loss) are evaluated