Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
Registration Statement No. 333-253421
The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not
complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is
not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these
securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not
permitted.

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Subject to Completion. Dated November 23, 2022.
GS Finance Corp.
$
Autocallable Nasdaq-100 Index®-Linked
Notes due
guaranteed by
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.
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The notes do not bear interest. The notes will mature on the stated maturity
date (expected to be November 27, 2026) unless they are
automatically called on the call observation date (expected to be
November 27, 2023). Your notes will be automatically called on the
call observation date if the closing level of the
Nasdaq-100 Index®
on such date is greater than or
equal to the initial index level (set on the trade date and may be
higher or lower than the actual closing level of such index on that
date), resulting in a payment on the call payment date (expected to
be November 30, 2023) for
each $1,000 face amount of your notes equal to $1,160.
If your notes are not automatically called, the
amount that you will be paid on your notes on the stated maturity
date will be based on the performance of the index as measured from
the trade date (expected to be November 23, 2022) to and including
the determination date (expected to be November 23, 2026).
If the final index level on the determination date is greater than or equal to the initial index level, the
return on your notes will be positive or zero and will equal at
least 1.2 (set on the trade date) times the index return. If the final
index level declines by up to 20% from the initial index level, you
will receive the face amount of your notes.
If the final index level declines by more than 20% from the initial
index level, the return on your notes will be negative. You could
lose your entire investment in the notes.
If your notes are not automatically called on the
call observation date, we will determine your payment at maturity
by calculating the index return, which is the percentage increase
or decrease in the final index level from the initial index level.
At maturity, for each $1,000 face amount of your notes, you will
receive an amount in cash equal to:
●
|
if the index return
is positive
or zero
(the final index level
is greater
than or
equal
to the initial
index level), the sum
of (i) $1,000
plus
(ii) the
product
of (a) $1,000
times
(b) at least 1.2 (set
on the trade date) times
(c) the index
return;
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●
|
if the index return
is negative
but not below -20% (the
final index level is less than
the initial index
level, but not by more than 20%), $1,000; or
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●
|
if the index return
is negative
and is
below
-20%
(the final index level
is less than
the initial index level
by more than 20%), the sum
of
(i) $1,000 plus
(ii) the
product
of the index
return times
$1,000.
You
will receive less than 80% of the face amount of your
notes.
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You should read the disclosure herein to better understand the
terms and risks of your investment, including the credit risk of GS
Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. See page PS-10.
The estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your
notes are set on the trade date is expected to be between $905 and
$935 per $1,000 face amount. For a discussion of the estimated
value and the price at which Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC would
initially buy or sell your notes, if it makes a market in the
notes, see the following page.
Original issue date:
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expected to be November 29, 2022
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Original issue price:
|
100% of the face amount
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Underwriting discount:
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% of the face amount
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Net proceeds to the issuer:
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% of the face amount
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Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other
regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or
passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense. The notes are not bank deposits and are not
insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other
governmental agency, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by,
a bank.
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
Pricing Supplement No. dated
, 2022.
The issue price, underwriting discount and net proceeds listed
above relate to the notes we sell initially. We may
decide to sell additional notes after the date of this pricing
supplement, at issue prices and with underwriting discounts and net
proceeds that differ from the amounts set forth above. The return
(whether positive or negative) on your investment in notes will
depend in part on the issue price you pay for such
notes.
GS Finance Corp. may use this prospectus in the initial sale of the
notes. In addition, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC or any other
affiliate of GS Finance Corp. may use this prospectus in a
market-making transaction in a note after its initial
sale. Unless GS Finance Corp. or
its agent informs the purchaser otherwise in the confirmation of
sale, this prospectus is being used in a market-making
transaction.
Estimated Value of Your Notes
The estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your
notes are set on the trade date (as determined by reference to
pricing models used by Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (GS&Co.) and
taking into account our credit spreads) is expected to be between
$905 and $935 per $1,000 face amount, which is less than the
original issue price. The value of your notes at any time will
reflect many factors and cannot be predicted; however, the price
(not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask spreads) at which
GS&Co. would initially buy or sell notes (if it makes a market,
which it is not obligated to do) and the value that GS&Co. will
initially use for account statements and otherwise is equal to
approximately the estimated value of your notes at the time of
pricing, plus an additional amount (initially equal to
$ per
$1,000 face amount).
Prior
to ,
the price (not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask
spreads) at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if it
makes a market, which it is not obligated to do) will equal
approximately the sum of (a) the then-current estimated value of
your notes (as determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing
models) plus (b) any remaining additional amount (the additional
amount will decline to zero on a straight-line basis from the time
of pricing
through
). On and
after
, the price (not including GS&Co.’s customary bid and ask
spreads) at which GS&Co. would buy or sell your notes (if it
makes a market) will equal approximately the then-current estimated
value of your notes determined by reference to such pricing
models.
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About Your Prospectus
The notes are part of the Medium-Term Notes, Series F program of GS
Finance Corp. and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by The
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. This prospectus includes this pricing
supplement and the accompanying documents listed below. This
pricing supplement constitutes a supplement to the documents listed
below, does not set forth all of the terms of your notes and
therefore should be read in conjunction with such documents:
•General
terms supplement no. 2,913 dated June 17, 2021
•Underlier
supplement no. 29 dated October 26, 2022
•Prospectus
supplement dated March 22, 2021
•Prospectus
dated March 22, 2021
The information in this pricing supplement supersedes any
conflicting information in the documents listed above. In addition,
some of the terms or features described in the listed documents may
not apply to your notes.
We refer to the notes we are offering by this pricing supplement as
the “offered notes” or the “notes”. Each of the offered notes has
the terms described below. Please note that in this pricing
supplement, references to “GS Finance Corp.”, “we”, “our” and “us”
mean only GS Finance Corp. and do not include its subsidiaries or
affiliates, references to “The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.”, our
parent company, mean only The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and do not
include its subsidiaries or affiliates and references to “Goldman
Sachs” mean The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. together with its
consolidated subsidiaries and affiliates, including us. The notes
will be issued under the senior debt indenture, dated as of October
10, 2008, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture,
dated as of February 20, 2015, each among us, as issuer, The
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor, and The Bank of New York
Mellon, as trustee. This indenture, as so supplemented and as
further supplemented thereafter, is referred to as the “GSFC 2008
indenture” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.
The notes will be issued in book-entry form and represented by
master note no. 3, dated March 22, 2021.
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PS-2
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
CUSIP / ISIN: 40057P2N1
/
US40057P2N10
Company (Issuer): GS
Finance Corp.
Guarantor: The Goldman Sachs
Group, Inc.
Underlier: the Nasdaq-100
Index®
(current Bloomberg symbol: “NDX Index”), or any successor
underlier, as it may be modified, replaced or adjusted from time to
time as provided herein
Face amount: $ in the
aggregate on the original issue date; the aggregate face amount may
be increased if the company, at its sole option, decides to sell an
additional amount on a date subsequent to the trade date
Authorized denominations: $1,000
or any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof
Principal amount: Subject to
redemption by the company as provided under “— Company’s
redemption right (automatic call feature)” below, on the stated
maturity date the company will pay, for each $1,000 of the
outstanding face amount, an amount, if any, in cash equal to the
cash settlement amount.
Cash settlement amount:
●
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if the final underlier level is
greater than
or equal to the initial underlier level, the
sum
of (i) $1,000 plus (ii) the product of (a) $1,000 times (b) the upside
participation rate times (c) the underlier return;
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●
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if the final underlier level is
less than
the initial underlier level but
greater than
or equal to the trigger buffer level, $1,000; or
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●
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if the final underlier level is
less than
the trigger buffer level, the
sum
of (i) $1,000 plus (ii) the product of (a) $1,000 times (b) the underlier return
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Company’s redemption right (automatic call feature): if a redemption event occurs, then the
outstanding face amount will be automatically redeemed in whole and
the company will pay an amount in cash on the call payment date,
for each $1,000 of the outstanding face amount, equal to
$1,160.
Redemption event: a redemption
event will occur if, as measured on the call observation date, the
closing level of the underlier is greater than or equal to the
initial underlier level
Initial underlier level (set on the trade date and may be higher or
lower than the actual closing level of such underlier on that
date):
Final underlier
level: the closing
level of the underlier on the determination date, subject to
adjustment as provided in “- Consequences of a market disruption
event or non-trading day” and “- Discontinuance or modification of
the underlier” below
Upside participation rate (set on the trade date): at least 120%
Underlier return: the quotient
of (i) the final underlier
level minus the initial underlier level
divided
by (ii) the initial
underlier level, expressed as a percentage
Trigger buffer level: 80% of the
initial underlier level
Trade date: expected to be
November 23, 2022
Original issue date (set on the trade date): expected to be November 29, 2022
Determination date (set on the trade date): expected to be November 23, 2026, unless the
calculation agent determines that a market disruption event occurs
or is continuing on such day or such day is not a trading day. In
that event, the determination date will be the first following
trading day on which the calculation agent determines that no
market disruption event occurs or is continuing. In no event,
however, will the determination date be postponed to a date later
than the originally scheduled stated maturity date or, if the
originally scheduled stated maturity date is not a business day,
later than the first business day after the originally scheduled
stated maturity date. If a market disruption event occurs or is
continuing on the day that is the last possible determination date
or such last possible day is not a trading day, that day will
nevertheless be the determination date.
Stated maturity date (set on the trade date): expected to be November 27, 2026, unless that
day is not a business day, in which case the stated maturity date
will be postponed to the next following business
PS-3
day. The stated maturity date
will also be postponed if the determination date is
postponed as described under
“— Determination
date” above. In such a case, the stated maturity date will be
postponed by the same number of business day(s) from but excluding
the originally scheduled determination date to and including the
actual determination date.
Call observation date (set on the trade date): expected to be November 27, 2023, unless the
calculation agent determines that a market disruption event occurs
or is continuing on that day or that day is not otherwise a trading
day. In that event, the call observation date will be the first
following trading day on which the calculation agent determines
that no market disruption event occurs or is continuing. In no
event, however, will the call observation date be postponed to a
date later than the originally scheduled call payment date or, if
the originally scheduled call payment date is not a business day,
later than the first business day after the originally scheduled
call payment date. On such last possible call observation
date, if a market disruption event occurs or is continuing or if
such last possible day is not a trading day, that day will
nevertheless be the call observation date.
Call payment date (set on the trade date): expected to be November 30, 2023, or,
if such day is not a business day, the next succeeding business
day. If the call observation date is postponed as described under
“— Call observation date” above, the call payment date will be
postponed by the same number of business day(s) from but excluding
the originally scheduled call observation date to and including the
actual call observation date.
Closing level: for any
given trading day, the official closing level of the underlier or
any successor underlier published by the underlier sponsor on such
trading day
Trading day: a day on which the
respective principal securities markets for all of the underlier
stocks are open for trading, the underlier sponsor is open for
business and the underlier is calculated and published by the
underlier sponsor
Successor underlier: any
substitute underlier approved by the calculation agent as a
successor underlier as provided under “— Discontinuance or
modification of the underlier” below
Underlier sponsor: at any time,
the person or entity, including any successor sponsor, that
determines and publishes the underlier as then in effect. The notes
are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by the underlier
sponsor or any of its affiliates and the underlier sponsor and its
affiliates make no representation regarding the advisability of
investing in the notes.
Underlier stocks: at any time,
the stocks that comprise the underlier as then in effect, after
giving effect to any additions, deletions or
substitutions
Market disruption event: With
respect to any given trading day, any of the following will be a
market disruption event with respect to the underlier:
•
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a suspension, absence or material
limitation of trading in underlier stocks constituting 20% or more,
by weight, of such underlier on their respective primary markets,
in each case for more than two consecutive hours of trading or
during the one-half hour before the close of trading in that
market, as determined by the calculation agent in its sole
discretion,
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•
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a suspension, absence or material
limitation of trading in option or futures contracts relating to
such underlier or to underlier stocks constituting 20% or more, by
weight, of such underlier in the respective primary markets for
those contracts, in each case for more than two consecutive hours
of trading or during the one-half hour before the close of trading
in that market, as determined by the calculation agent in its sole
discretion, or
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•
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underlier stocks constituting 20% or
more, by weight, of such underlier, or option or futures contracts,
if available, relating to such underlier or to underlier stocks
constituting 20% or more, by weight, of such underlier do not trade
on what were the respective primary markets for those underlier
stocks or contracts, as determined by the calculation agent in its
sole discretion,
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and, in the case of any of these events, the calculation agent
determines in its sole discretion that such event could materially
interfere with the ability of the company or any of its affiliates
or a similarly situated person to unwind all or a material portion
of a hedge that could be effected with respect to this note.
The following events will not be market disruption events:
PS-4
•
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a limitation on the hours or numbers
of days of trading, but only if the limitation results from an
announced change in the regular business hours of the relevant
market, and
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•
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a decision to permanently discontinue
trading in option or futures contracts relating to such underlier
or to any underlier stock.
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For this purpose, an “absence of trading” in the primary securities
market on which an underlier stock is traded, or on which option or
futures contracts relating to such underlier or an underlier stock
are traded, will not include any time when that market is itself
closed for trading under ordinary circumstances. In contrast, a
suspension or limitation of trading in an underlier stock or in
option or futures contracts, if available, relating to such
underlier or an underlier stock in the primary market for that
stock or those contracts, by reason of:
•
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a price change exceeding limits set by
that market,
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•
|
an imbalance of orders relating to
that underlier stock or those contracts, or
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•
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a disparity in bid and ask quotes
relating to that underlier stock or those contracts,
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will constitute a suspension or material limitation of trading in
that stock or those contracts in that market.
Consequences of a market disruption event or a non-trading day:
If a market disruption event
occurs or is continuing on a day that would otherwise be the call
observation date or the determination date, or such day is not a
trading day, then the call observation date or the determination
date will be postponed as described under “— Call observation date”
or “— Determination date” above.
If the calculation agent determines that the closing level of the
underlier that must be used to determine the amount payable on the
call payment date or the stated maturity date is not available on
the last possible call observation date or the last possible
determination date because of a market disruption event, a
non-trading day or for any other reason (other than as described
under “— Discontinuance or modification of the underlier” below),
the calculation agent will nevertheless determine the closing level
of the underlier based on its assessment, made in its sole
discretion, of the level of the underlier on that day.
Discontinuance or modification of the underlier: If the underlier sponsor discontinues
publication of the underlier and the underlier sponsor or any other
person or entity publishes a substitute underlier that the
calculation agent determines is comparable to the underlier and
approves as a successor underlier, or if the calculation agent
designates a substitute underlier, then the calculation agent will
determine the amount payable on the call payment date or the stated
maturity date by reference to such successor underlier.
If the calculation agent determines that the publication of the
underlier is discontinued and there is no successor underlier, the
calculation agent will determine the amount payable on the call
payment date or the stated maturity date, as applicable, by a
computation methodology that the calculation agent determines will
as closely as reasonably possible replicate the underlier.
If the calculation agent
determines that (i)
the underlier, the underlier stocks comprising such underlier or
the method of calculating such underlier is changed at any time in
any respect — including any addition, deletion or substitution and
any reweighting or rebalancing of such underlier or the underlier
stocks and whether the change is made by the underlier sponsor
under its existing policies or following a modification of those
policies, is due to the publication of a successor underlier, is
due to events affecting one or more of the underlier stocks or
their issuers or is due to any other reason — and is not otherwise
reflected in the level of the underlier by the underlier sponsor
pursuant to the then-current underlier methodology of the underlier
or (ii) there has been a split or reverse split of the underlier,
then the calculation agent will be permitted (but not required) to
make such adjustments in the underlier or the method of its
calculation as it believes are appropriate to ensure that the
closing levels of the underlier used to determine the amount
payable on the call payment date or the stated maturity date, as
applicable, is equitable.
All determinations and adjustments to be made by the calculation
agent with respect to the underlier may be made by the calculation
agent in its sole discretion. The calculation agent is not
obligated to make any such adjustments.
Calculation agent: Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
(“GS&Co.”)
PS-5
Tax characterization: The
holder, on behalf of itself and any other person having a
beneficial interest in this note, hereby agrees with the company
(in the absence of a change in law, an administrative determination
or a judicial ruling to the contrary) to characterize this note for
all U.S. federal income tax purposes as a pre-paid derivative
contract in respect of the underlier.
Overdue principal rate: the
effective Federal Funds rate
PS-6
HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLES
The following examples are provided for purposes of illustration
only. They should not be taken as an indication or
prediction of future investment results and are intended merely to
illustrate the impact that the various hypothetical closing levels
of the underlier on the call observation date and on the
determination date could have on the amount of cash payable on the
call payment date or on the stated maturity date, as the case may
be, assuming all other variables remain constant.
The examples below are based on a range of underlier levels that
are entirely hypothetical; no one can predict what the closing
level of the underlier will be on any day throughout the life of
your notes, and no one can predict what the closing level of the
underlier will be on the call observation date or on the
determination date. The underlier has been highly
volatile in the past — meaning that the underlier level has changed
considerably in relatively short periods — and its performance
cannot be predicted for any future period.
The information in the following examples reflects hypothetical
rates of return on the offered notes assuming that they are
purchased on the original issue date at the face amount and held to
the call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case may
be. If you sell your notes in a secondary market prior
to the call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case
may be, your return will depend upon the market value of your notes
at the time of sale, which may be affected by a number of factors
that are not reflected in the examples below such as interest
rates, the volatility of the underlier, the creditworthiness of GS
Finance Corp., as issuer, and the creditworthiness of The Goldman
Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor. In addition, the
estimated value of your notes at the time the terms of your notes
are set on the trade date (as determined by reference to pricing
models used by GS&Co.) is less than the original issue price of
your notes. For more information on the estimated value
of your notes, see “Additional Risk Factors Specific to Your Notes
— The Estimated Value of Your Notes At the Time the Terms of Your
Notes Are Set On the Trade Date (as Determined By Reference to
Pricing Models Used By GS&Co.) Is Less Than the Original Issue
Price Of Your Notes” on page PS-10 of this pricing
supplement. The information in the examples also
reflects the key terms and assumptions in the box below.
Key Terms and Assumptions
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Face amount
|
$1,000
|
Upside participation rate
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120%
|
Trigger buffer level
|
80% of the initial underlier level
|
Neither a market disruption event nor a non-trading day occurs on
the originally scheduled call observation date or the originally
scheduled determination date
|
No change in or affecting any of the underlier stocks or the method
by which the underlier sponsor calculates the underlier
|
Notes purchased on original issue date at the face amount and held
to the call payment date or the stated maturity date
|
Moreover, we have not yet set the initial underlier level that will
serve as the baseline for determining the underlier return and the
amount that we will pay on your notes, if any, on the call payment
date or at maturity. We will not do so until the trade date. As a
result, the actual initial underlier level may differ substantially
from the underlier level prior to the trade date.
For these reasons, the actual
performance of the underlier over the life of your notes, as well
as the amount payable on the call payment date or at maturity, if
any, may bear little relation to the
hypothetical examples shown below or to the historical underlier
levels shown elsewhere in this pricing supplement. For
information about the historical levels of the underlier during
recent periods, see “The Underlier — Historical Closing Levels of
the Underlier” below. Before investing in the offered
notes, you should consult publicly available information to
determine the levels of the underlier between the date of this
pricing supplement and the date of your purchase of the offered
notes.
PS-7
Also, the hypothetical examples shown below do not take into
account the effects of applicable taxes. Because of the
U.S. tax treatment applicable to your notes, tax liabilities could
affect the after-tax rate of return on your notes to a
comparatively greater extent than the after-tax return on the
underlier stocks.
Hypothetical Payment on the Call
Payment Date
The example below shows that the hypothetical payment that we would
pay on the call payment date with respect to each $1,000 face
amount of the notes if the closing level of the underlier is
greater than or
equal to the initial
underlier level on the call observation date.
If your notes are automatically
called on the call observation date (i.e., on the call observation date the
closing level of the underlier is greater than
or equal to the initial underlier level), the amount
in cash that we would deliver for each
$1,000 face amount of your notes on the call payment date would be
$1,160. If, for example, the closing level of the underlier on the
first call observation date were determined to be 120% of the
initial underlier level, your notes would be automatically called
and the amount in cash that we would deliver on your notes on the
call payment date would be 116% of the face amount of your notes
or $1,160 for each $1,000 of the face amount of your
notes.
Hypothetical Payment at Maturity
If the notes are not automatically called on the
call observation date (i.e., on the call observation date the
closing level of the underlier is less than the initial underlier
level), the amount in cash we would deliver for each $1,000 face
amount of your notes on the stated maturity date will depend on the
performance of the underlier on the determination date, as shown in
the table below. The table below assumes that the notes have
not been
automatically called on the call observation date and reflects hypothetical cash
settlement amounts that you could receive on the stated maturity
date. The levels in the left column of the table below represent
hypothetical final underlier levels and are expressed as
percentages of the initial underlier level. The amounts
in the right column represent the hypothetical cash settlement
amounts, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier
level, and are expressed as percentages of the face amount of a
note (rounded to the nearest one-thousandth of a percent). Thus, a
hypothetical cash settlement amount of 100.000% means that the
value of the cash payment that we would deliver for each $1,000 of
the outstanding face amount of the offered notes on the stated
maturity date would equal 100.000% of the face amount of a note,
based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level and
the assumptions noted above.
The Notes Have Not Been Automatically
Called
|
Hypothetical Final Underlier Level
(as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)
|
Hypothetical Cash Settlement Amount
(as Percentage of Face Amount)
|
200.000%
|
220.000%
|
175.000%
|
190.000%
|
150.000%
|
160.000%
|
125.000%
|
130.000%
|
100.000%
|
100.000%
|
90.000%
|
100.000%
|
85.000%
|
100.000%
|
80.000%
|
100.000%
|
79.999%
|
79.999%
|
50.000%
|
50.000%
|
25.000%
|
25.000%
|
0.000%
|
0.000%
|
If, for example, the notes have
not been
automatically called on the call observation date and the final underlier level were determined
to be 25.000% of the initial underlier level, the cash settlement
amount that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would
be 25.000% of the face amount of your notes, as shown
in the table above. As a result, if you purchased your notes on the
original issue date at the face amount and held them to the stated
maturity date, you would lose 75.000% of your investment (if you
purchased your notes at a premium to face amount you would lose a
correspondingly higher percentage of your investment).
PS-8
The amounts shown above are entirely hypothetical; they are based
on market prices for the underlier stocks that may not be achieved
on the call observation date or the determination date, as the case
may be, and on assumptions that may prove to be erroneous. The
actual market value of your notes on the stated maturity date or at
any other time, including any time you may wish to sell your notes,
may bear little relation to the hypothetical amounts shown above,
and these amounts should not be viewed as an indication of the
financial return on an investment in the offered
notes. The hypothetical amounts on notes held to the
stated maturity date in the examples above assume you purchased
your notes at the face amount and have not been adjusted to reflect
the actual issue price you pay for your notes. The return on your
investment (whether positive or negative) in your notes will be
affected by the amount you pay for your notes. If you purchase your
notes for a price other than the face amount, the return on your
investment will differ from, and may be significantly lower than,
the hypothetical returns suggested by the above
examples. Please read “Additional Risk Factors Specific
to Your Notes — The Market Value of Your Notes May Be Influenced by
Many Unpredictable Factors” on page PS-12.
Payments on the notes are
economically equivalent to the amounts that would be paid on a
combination of other instruments. For example, payments on the
notes are economically equivalent to a combination of an
interest-bearing bond bought by the holder and one or more options
entered into between the holder and us (with one or more implicit
option premiums paid over time). The discussion in this paragraph
does not modify or affect the terms of the notes or the U.S.
federal income tax treatment of the notes, as described elsewhere
in this pricing supplement.
We cannot predict the actual closing level of the underlier on the
call observation date or the determination date or what the market
value of your notes will be on any particular trading day, nor can
we predict the relationship between the underlier level and the
market value of your notes at any time prior to the stated maturity
date. The actual amount that you will receive, if any, on the call
payment date or the maturity date and the rate of return on the
offered notes will depend on whether the notes are called, the
actual initial underlier level and the upside participation rate,
which we will set on the trade date, and the actual final underlier
level determined by the calculation agent as described above.
Moreover, the assumptions on which the hypothetical returns are
based may turn out to be inaccurate. Consequently, the amount of
cash to be paid in respect of your notes, if any, on the call
payment date or the stated maturity date may be very different from
the information reflected in the examples above.
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PS-9
ADDITIONAL RISK
FACTORS SPECIFIC TO YOUR NOTES
An investment in your notes is subject to the risks described
below, as well as the risks and considerations described in the
accompanying prospectus, in the accompanying prospectus
supplement, under
“Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Securities” in the
accompanying underlier supplement no. 29 and under “Additional Risk
Factors Specific to the Notes” in the accompanying general terms
supplement no. 2,913. You should carefully review these risks and
considerations as well as the terms of the notes described herein
and in the accompanying prospectus, the accompanying prospectus
supplement, the accompanying underlier supplement no. 29 and the
accompanying general terms supplement no. 2,913. Your notes are a
riskier investment than ordinary debt securities. Also, your notes
are not equivalent to investing directly in the underlier stocks,
i.e., the stocks comprising the underlier to which your notes are
linked. You should carefully consider whether the offered notes are
appropriate given your particular circumstances.
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Risks Related to
Structure, Valuation and Secondary Market Sales
The Estimated Value of Your
Notes At the Time the Terms of Your Notes Are Set On the Trade Date
(as Determined By Reference to Pricing Models Used By GS&Co.)
Is Less Than the Original Issue Price Of Your Notes
The original issue price for your notes exceeds the estimated value
of your notes as of the time the terms of your notes are set on the
trade date, as determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing
models and taking into account our credit spreads. Such estimated
value on the trade date is set forth above under “Estimated Value
of Your Notes”; after the
trade date, the estimated value as determined by reference to these
models will be affected by changes in market conditions, the
creditworthiness of GS Finance Corp., as issuer, the
creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as
guarantor, and other
relevant factors. The price at which GS&Co. would initially buy
or sell your notes (if GS&Co. makes a market, which it is not
obligated to do), and the value that GS&Co. will initially use
for account statements and otherwise, also exceeds the estimated
value of your notes as determined by reference to these models. As
agreed by GS&Co. and the distribution participants, this excess
(i.e., the additional amount described under “Estimated Value of
Your Notes”) will decline to zero on a straight line basis over the
period from the date hereof through the applicable date set forth
above under “Estimated Value of Your Notes”. Thereafter, if
GS&Co. buys or sells your notes it will do so at prices that
reflect the estimated value determined by reference to such pricing
models at that time. The price at which GS&Co. will buy or sell
your notes at any time also will reflect its then current bid and
ask spread for similar sized trades of structured notes.
In estimating the value of your notes as of the time the terms of
your notes are set on the trade date, as disclosed above under
“Estimated Value of Your Notes”, GS&Co.’s pricing models
consider certain variables, including principally our credit
spreads, interest rates (forecasted, current and historical rates),
volatility, price-sensitivity analysis and the time to maturity of
the notes. These pricing models are proprietary and rely
in part on certain assumptions about future events, which may prove
to be incorrect. As a result, the actual value you would receive if
you sold your notes in the secondary market, if any, to others may
differ, perhaps materially, from the estimated value of your notes
determined by reference to our models due to, among other things,
any differences in pricing models or assumptions used by
others. See “ — The Market Value of Your Notes May Be
Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors” below.
The difference between the estimated value of your notes as of the
time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date and the
original issue price is a result of certain factors, including
principally the underwriting discount and commissions, the expenses
incurred in creating, documenting and marketing the notes, and an
estimate of the difference between the amounts we pay to GS&Co.
and the amounts GS&Co. pays to us in connection with your
notes. We pay to GS&Co. amounts based on what we would pay to
holders of a non-structured note with a similar
maturity. In return for such payment, GS&Co. pays to
us the amounts we owe under your notes.
In addition to the factors discussed above, the value and quoted
price of your notes at any time will reflect many factors and
cannot be predicted. If GS&Co. makes a market in the
notes, the price quoted by GS&Co. would reflect any changes in
market conditions and other relevant factors, including any
deterioration in our creditworthiness or perceived creditworthiness
or the creditworthiness or perceived creditworthiness of The
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. These changes may adversely affect the
value of
PS-10
your notes, including the price you may receive for your notes in
any market making transaction. To the extent that GS&Co. makes
a market in the notes, the quoted price will reflect the estimated
value determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing models at
that time, plus or minus its then current bid and ask spread for
similar sized trades of structured notes (and subject to the
declining excess amount described above).
Furthermore, if you sell your notes, you will likely be charged a
commission for secondary market transactions, or the price will
likely reflect a dealer discount. This commission or
discount will further reduce the proceeds you would receive for
your notes in a secondary market sale.
There is no assurance that GS&Co. or any other party will be
willing to purchase your notes at any price and, in this regard,
GS&Co. is not obligated to make a market in the notes. See
“Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes — Your Notes May Not
Have an Active Trading Market” on page S-7 of the accompanying
general terms supplement no. 2,913.
The Notes Are Subject to the Credit Risk of the Issuer and the
Guarantor
Although the return on the notes will be based on the performance
of the underlier, the payment of any amount due on the notes is
subject to the credit risk of GS Finance Corp., as issuer of the
notes, and the credit risk of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as
guarantor of the notes. The notes are our unsecured
obligations. Investors are dependent on our ability to
pay all amounts due on the notes, and therefore investors are
subject to our credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of
our creditworthiness. Similarly, investors are dependent
on the ability of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor of
the notes, to pay all amounts due on the notes, and therefore are
also subject to its credit risk and to changes in the market’s view
of its creditworthiness. See “Description of the Notes We May Offer
— Information About Our Medium-Term Notes, Series F Program — How
the Notes Rank Against Other Debt” on page S-5 of the accompanying
prospectus supplement and “Description of Debt Securities We May
Offer – Guarantee by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.” on page 67 of
the accompanying prospectus.
The Amount You Will Receive on the Call Payment Date or on the
Stated Maturity Date is Not Linked to the Closing Level of the
Underlier at Any Time Other Than on the Call Observation Date or
the Determination Date, as the Case May Be
The amount in cash you will receive on the call payment date, if
any, will be paid only if the closing level of the underlier on the
call observation date is greater than or equal to the initial
underlier level. Therefore, the closing level of the
underlier on dates other than the call observation date will have
no effect on any amount paid in respect of your notes on the call
payment date. In addition, the cash settlement amount you will
receive on the stated maturity date, if any, will be based on the
closing level of the underlier on the determination date.
Therefore, for example, if the closing level of the underlier
dropped precipitously on the determination date, the cash
settlement amount for the notes would be significantly less than it
would otherwise have been had the cash settlement amount been
linked to the closing level of the underlier prior to such drop.
Although the actual closing level of the underlier on the call
payment date, stated maturity date or at other times during the
life of the notes may be higher than the closing level of the
underlier on the call observation date or the determination date,
you will not benefit from the closing levels of the underlier at
any time other than on the call observation date or on the
determination date.
You May Lose Your Entire Investment in the Notes
You can lose your entire investment in the notes. Assuming your
notes are not automatically called on the call observation date,
the cash settlement amount on your notes on the stated maturity
date will be based on the performance of the underlier as measured
from the initial underlier level set on the trade date to the
closing level on the determination date. If the final
underlier level is less
than the trigger buffer level, you will have a loss for each
$1,000 of the face amount of your notes equal to the product of the underlier return
times $1,000. Thus, you may
lose your entire investment in the notes, which would include any
premium to face amount you paid when you purchased the notes.
Also, the market price of your notes prior to the call payment date
or the stated maturity date, as the case may be, may be
significantly lower than the purchase price you pay for your
notes. Consequently, if you sell your notes before the
stated maturity date, you may receive far less than the amount of
your investment in the notes.
PS-11
The Return on Your Notes
May Change Significantly Despite Only a Small Change in the
Underlier Level
If the final underlier level is less
than the trigger buffer level, you will receive less than the face
amount of your notes and you could lose all or a substantial
portion of your investment in the notes. This means that while
a decrease in the final underlier level to the trigger buffer
level will not result in a loss of principal on the notes, a
decrease in the final underlier level to less than the trigger
buffer level will result in a loss of a significant portion of the
face amount of the notes despite only a small change in the level
of the underlier.
The Amount You Will Receive on the Call Payment Date Will Be
Capped
Regardless of the closing level of the underlier on the call
observation date, the amount in cash you may receive on the call
payment date is capped. Even if the closing level of the underlier
on the call observation date exceeds the initial underlier level,
causing the notes to be automatically called, the amount in cash
payable on the call payment date will be capped, and you will not
benefit from any increases in the closing level of the underlier
above the initial underlier level on the call observation date. If
your notes are automatically called on the call observation date,
the maximum payment you will receive for each $1,000 face amount of
your notes will be $1,160.
Your Notes Are Subject to Automatic Redemption
We will automatically call and redeem all, but not part, of your
notes on the call payment date, if the closing level of the
underlier on the call observation date is greater than or equal to
the initial underlier level. Therefore, the term for your notes may
be reduced. You may not be able to reinvest the proceeds from an
investment in the notes at a comparable return for a similar level
of risk in the event the notes are called prior to maturity. For
the avoidance of doubt, if your notes are automatically called, no
discounts, commissions or fees described herein will be rebated or
reduced.
Your Notes Do Not Bear Interest
You will not receive any interest payments on your notes. As a
result, even if the cash settlement amount payable for your notes
on the stated maturity date exceeds the face amount of your notes,
the overall return you earn on your notes may be less than you
would have earned by investing in a non-indexed debt security of
comparable maturity that bears interest at a prevailing market
rate.
You Have No Shareholder Rights or Rights to Receive Any Underlier
Stock
Investing in your notes will not make you a holder of any of the
underlier stocks. Neither you nor any other holder or
owner of your notes will have any rights with respect to the
underlier stocks, including any voting rights, any right to receive
dividends or other distributions, any rights to make a claim
against the underlier stocks or any other rights of a
holder of the underlier stocks. Your notes will be paid
in cash and you will have no right to receive delivery of any
underlier stocks.
We May Sell an Additional Aggregate Face Amount of the Notes at a
Different Issue Price
At our sole option, we may decide to sell an additional aggregate
face amount of the notes subsequent to the date of this pricing
supplement. The issue price of the notes in the subsequent sale may
differ substantially (higher or lower) from the original issue
price you paid as provided on the cover of this pricing
supplement.
The Market Value of Your Notes May
Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors
When we refer to the market value of your notes, we mean the value
that you could receive for your notes if you chose to sell them in
the open market before the stated maturity date. A number of
factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the
market value of your notes, including:
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the level of the
underlier;
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the volatility –
i.e., the frequency and magnitude of changes – in the closing level
of the underlier;
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the dividend rates
of the underlier stocks;
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economic,
financial, regulatory, political, military, public health and other
events that affect stock markets generally and the underlier
stocks, and which may affect the closing level of the
underlier;
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interest rates and
yield rates in the market;
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PS-12
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the time remaining
until your notes mature; and
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our
creditworthiness and the creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs
Group, Inc., whether actual or perceived, and including actual or
anticipated upgrades or downgrades in our credit ratings or the
credit ratings of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. or changes in other
credit measures.
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Without limiting the
foregoing, the market value of your notes may be negatively
impacted by increasing interest rates. Such adverse impact of
increasing interest rates could be significantly enhanced in notes
with longer-dated maturities, the market values of which are
generally more sensitive to increasing interest rates.
These factors may influence the market value of your notes if you
sell your notes before maturity, including the price you may
receive for your notes in any market making transaction. If you
sell your notes prior to maturity, you may receive less than the
face amount of your notes. You cannot predict the future
performance of the underlier based on its historical
performance.
If You Purchase Your
Notes at a Premium to Face Amount, the Return on Your Investment
Will Be Lower Than the Return on Notes Purchased at Face Amount and
the Impact of Certain Key Terms of the Notes Will Be Negatively Affected
The amount in cash that you may be paid on your notes on the call
payment date or the stated maturity date will not be adjusted based
on the issue price you pay for the notes. If you purchase notes at
a price that differs from the face amount of the notes, then the
return on your investment in such notes held to the call payment
date or the stated maturity date will differ from, and may be
substantially less than, the return on notes purchased at face
amount. If you purchase your notes at a premium to face amount and
hold them to the call payment date or the stated maturity date, the
return on your investment in the notes will be lower than it would
have been had you purchased the notes at face amount or a discount
to face amount.
Additional Risks Related
to the Nasdaq-100 Index®
As Compared to Other Index
Sponsors, Nasdaq, Inc. Retains Significant Control and
Discretionary Decision-Making Over the Nasdaq-100 Index®, Which
May Have an Adverse Effect on the Level of the Nasdaq-100
Index® and
on Your Notes
Pursuant to the Nasdaq-100
Index® methodology,
Nasdaq, Inc. retains the right, from time to time, to exercise
reasonable discretion as it deems appropriate in order to ensure
Nasdaq-100 Index® integrity,
including, but not limited to, changes to quantitative inclusion
criteria. Nasdaq, Inc. may also, due to special circumstances,
apply discretionary adjustments to ensure and maintain quality of
the Nasdaq-100 Index®.
Although it is unclear how and to what extent this discretion could
or would be exercised, it is possible that it could be exercised by
Nasdaq, Inc. in a manner that materially and adversely affects the
level of the Nasdaq-100 Index® and
therefore your notes. Nasdaq, Inc. is not obligated to, and will
not, take account of your interests in exercising the discretion
described above.
An Investment in the
Offered Notes Is Subject to Risks Associated with Foreign
Securities
The value of your notes is
linked, in part, to an underlier that is comprised, in part, of
stocks from one or more foreign securities markets. Investments
linked to the value of foreign equity securities involve particular
risks. Any foreign securities market may be less liquid, more
volatile and affected by global or domestic market developments in
a different way than are the U.S. securities market or other
foreign securities markets. Both government intervention in a
foreign securities market, either directly or indirectly, and
cross-shareholdings in foreign companies, may affect trading prices
and volumes in that market. Also, there is generally less publicly
available information about foreign companies than about those U.S.
companies that are subject to the reporting requirements of the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Further, foreign companies
are subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting
standards and requirements that differ from those applicable to
U.S. reporting companies.
The prices of securities in
a foreign country are subject to political, economic, financial and
social factors that are unique to such foreign country's
geographical region. These factors include: recent changes, or the
possibility of future changes, in the applicable foreign
government's economic and fiscal policies; the possible
implementation of, or changes in, currency exchange laws or other
laws or restrictions applicable to foreign companies or investments
in foreign equity securities; fluctuations, or the possibility
of
PS-13
fluctuations, in currency
exchange rates; and the possibility of outbreaks of hostility,
political instability, natural disaster or adverse public health
developments. The United Kingdom ceased to be a member of the
European Union on January 31, 2020 (an event commonly referred to
as “Brexit”). The effects of Brexit are uncertain, and, among other
things, Brexit has contributed, and may continue to contribute, to volatility
in the prices of securities of companies located in Europe (or
elsewhere) and currency exchange rates, including the valuation of
the euro and British pound in particular. Any one of these factors,
or the combination of more than one of these factors, could
negatively affect such foreign securities market and the price of
securities therein. Further, geographical regions may react to
global factors in different ways, which may cause the prices of
securities in a foreign securities market to fluctuate in a way
that differs from those of securities in the U.S. securities market
or other foreign securities markets. Foreign economies may also
differ from the U.S. economy in important respects, including
growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital
reinvestment, resources and self-sufficiency, which may have a
positive or negative effect on foreign securities
prices.
Government Regulatory Action, Including Legislative Acts and
Executive Orders, Could Result in Material Changes to the
Composition of an Underlier with Underlier Stocks from One or More
Foreign Securities Markets and Could Negatively Affect Your
Investment in the Notes
Government regulatory action, including legislative acts and
executive orders, could cause material changes to the composition
of an underlier with underlier stocks from one or more foreign
securities markets and could negatively affect your investment in
the notes in a variety of ways, depending on the nature of such
government regulatory action and the underlier stocks that are
affected. For example, recent executive orders issued by the United
States Government prohibit United States persons from purchasing or
selling publicly traded securities of certain companies that are
determined to operate or have operated in the defense and related
materiel sector or the surveillance technology sector of the
economy of the People’s Republic of China, or publicly traded
securities that are derivative of, or that are designed to provide
investment exposure to, those securities (including indexed notes).
If the prohibitions in those executive orders (or prohibitions
under other government regulatory action) become applicable to
underlier stocks that are currently included in an underlier or
that in the future are included in an underlier, such underlier
stocks may be removed from an underlier. If government regulatory
action results in the removal of underlier stocks that have (or
historically have had) significant weight in an underlier, such
removal could have a material and negative effect on the level of
such underlier and, therefore, your investment in the notes.
Similarly, if underlier stocks that are subject to those executive
orders or subject to other government regulatory action are not
removed from an underlier, the value of the notes could be
materially and negatively affected, and transactions in, or
holdings of, the notes may become prohibited under United States
law. Any failure to remove such underlier stocks from an underlier
could result in the loss of a significant portion or all of your
investment in the notes, including if you attempt to divest the
notes at a time when the value of the notes has declined.
Risks Related to
Tax
The Tax Consequences of an Investment in Your Notes Are
Uncertain
The tax consequences of an investment in your notes are uncertain,
both as to the timing and character of any inclusion in income in
respect of your notes.
The Internal Revenue Service announced on December 7, 2007 that it
is considering issuing guidance regarding the proper U.S. federal
income tax treatment of instruments such as your notes, and any
such guidance could adversely affect the tax treatment and the
value of your notes. Among other things, the Internal Revenue
Service may decide to require the holders to accrue ordinary income
on a current basis and recognize ordinary income on payment at
maturity, and could subject non-US investors to withholding tax.
Furthermore, in 2007, legislation was introduced in Congress that,
if enacted, would have required holders that acquired instruments
such as your notes after the bill was enacted to accrue interest
income over the term of such instruments even though there will be
no interest payments over the term of such instruments. It is not
possible to predict whether a similar or identical bill will be
enacted in the future, or whether any such bill would affect the
tax treatment of your notes. We describe these developments in more
detail under “Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal Income Tax
Consequences – United States Holders – Possible Change in Law”
below. You should consult your tax advisor about this matter.
Except to the extent otherwise provided by law, GS Finance Corp.
intends to continue treating the notes for U.S. federal income tax
purposes in accordance with the treatment described under
PS-14
“Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal
Income Tax Consequences”
below unless and until such time as Congress, the Treasury
Department or the Internal Revenue Service determine that some
other treatment is more appropriate. Please also consult your tax
advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax and any other
applicable tax consequences to you of owning your notes in your
particular circumstances.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) Withholding May Apply to
Payments on Your Notes, Including as a Result of the Failure of the
Bank or Broker Through Which You Hold the Notes to Provide
Information to Tax Authorities
Please see the discussion under “United States Taxation — Taxation
of Debt Securities — Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)
Withholding” in the accompanying prospectus for a description of
the applicability of FATCA to payments made on your notes.
PS-15
THE UNDERLIER
The Nasdaq-100 Index® is a
modified market capitalization-weighted index that is designed to
measure the performance of 100 of the largest Nasdaq listed
non-financial stocks. For more details about the Nasdaq-100
Index®, the
underlier sponsor and license agreement between the underlier
sponsor and the issuer, see “The Underliers — Nasdaq-100
Index®” on
page S-60 of the accompanying underlier supplement no. 29.
The Product(s) is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by
Nasdaq, Inc. or its affiliates (Nasdaq, with its affiliates, are
referred to as the “Corporations”). The Corporations have not
passed on the legality or suitability of, or the accuracy or
adequacy of descriptions and disclosures relating to, the
Product(s). The Corporations make no representation or warranty,
express or implied to the owners of the Product(s) or any member of
the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities
generally or in the Product(s) particularly, or the ability of the
Nasdaq-100 Index® to
track general stock market performance. The Corporations' only
relationship to GS Finance Corp. (“Licensee”) is in the licensing
of the Nasdaq®,
Nasdaq-100 Index®, and
certain trade names of the Corporations and the use of the
Nasdaq-100 Index® which
is determined, composed and calculated by Nasdaq without regard to
Licensee or the Product(s). Nasdaq has no obligation to take the
needs of the Licensee or the owners of the Product(s) into
consideration in determining, composing or calculating the
Nasdaq-100 Index®. The
Corporations are not responsible for and have not participated in
the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the
Product(s) to be issued or in the determination or calculation of
the equation by which the Product(s) is to be converted into cash.
The Corporations have no liability in connection with the
administration, marketing or trading of the Product(s).
The Corporations do not guarantee the accuracy and/or uninterrupted
calculation of Nasdaq-100 Index® or any
data included therein. The Corporations make no warranty, express
or implied, as to results to be obtained by Licensee, owners of the
product(s), or any other person or entity from the use of the
Nasdaq-100 Index® or any
data included therein. The Corporations make no express or implied
warranties, and expressly disclaim all warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with
respect to the Nasdaq-100 Index® or any
data included therein. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no
event shall the Corporations have any liability for any lost
profits or special, incidental, punitive, indirect, or
consequential damages, even if notified of the possibility of such
damages.
PS-16
Historical Closing Levels of the Underlier
The closing level of the underlier has fluctuated in the past and
may, in the future, experience significant fluctuations.
In particular, the underlier has
recently experienced extreme and unusual volatility. Any
historical upward or downward trend in the closing level of the
underlier during the period shown below is not an indication that
the underlier is more or less likely to increase or decrease at any
time during the life of your notes.
You should not take the historical closing levels of the underlier
as an indication of the future performance of the underlier,
including because of the recent volatility described
above. We cannot give
you any assurance that the future performance of the underlier or
the underlier stocks will result in your receiving an amount
greater than the outstanding face amount of your notes on the
stated maturity date.
Neither we nor any of our affiliates make any representation to you
as to the performance of the underlier. Before investing
in the offered notes, you should consult publicly available
information to determine the levels of the underlier between the
date of this pricing supplement and the date of your purchase of
the offered notes and, given the
recent volatility described above, you should pay particular
attention to recent levels of the underlier. The actual
performance of the underlier over the life of the offered notes, as
well as the amount payable on your notes, may bear little relation
to the historical levels shown below.
The graph below shows the daily historical closing levels of the
underlier from January 1, 2017 through November 21, 2022. As a
result, the following graph does not reflect the global financial
crisis which began in 2008, which had a materially negative impact
on the price of most equity securities and, as a result, the level
of most equity indices. We obtained the closing levels in the graph
below from Bloomberg Financial Services, without independent
verification.
Historical Performance of the Nasdaq-100 Index®

PS-17
Supplemental discussion of U.S.
federal income tax consequences
The following section supplements the discussion of U.S. federal
income taxation in the accompanying prospectus.
The following section is the opinion of Sidley Austin llp, counsel to GS Finance Corp.
and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. In addition, it is the opinion of
Sidley Austin llp
that the characterization of the notes for U.S. federal income tax
purposes that will be required under the terms of the notes, as
discussed below, is a reasonable interpretation of current law.
This section does not apply to you if you are a member of a class
of holders subject to special rules, such as:
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a dealer in securities or
currencies;
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a trader in securities that elects to
use a mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities
holdings;
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a life insurance company;
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a regulated investment
company;
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an accrual method taxpayer subject to
special tax accounting rules as a result of its use of financial
statements;
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a tax exempt organization;
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a person that owns a note as a hedge
or that is hedged against interest rate risks;
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a person that owns a note as part of a
straddle or conversion transaction for tax purposes; or
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a United States holder (as defined
below) whose functional currency for tax purposes is not the U.S.
dollar.
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Although this section is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed
regulations under the Internal Revenue Code, published rulings and
court decisions, all as currently in effect, no statutory, judicial
or administrative authority directly discusses how your notes
should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and as a
result, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment
in your notes are uncertain. Moreover, these laws are subject to
change, possibly on a retroactive basis.
You should consult your tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal
income tax and other tax consequences of your investment in the
notes, including the application of state, local or other tax laws
and the possible effects of changes in federal or other tax
laws.
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United States Holders
This section applies to you only if you are a United States holder
that holds your notes as a capital asset for tax purposes. You are
a United States holder if you are a beneficial owner of a note and
you are:
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a citizen or resident of the United
States;
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a domestic corporation;
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an estate whose income is subject to
U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or
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a trust if a United States court can
exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and
one or more United States persons are authorized to control all
substantial decisions of the trust.
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Tax Treatment. You will be
obligated pursuant to the terms of the notes — in the absence of a
change in law, an administrative determination or a judicial ruling
to the contrary — to characterize your notes for all
PS-18
tax purposes as pre-paid
derivative contracts in respect of the underlier. Except as
otherwise stated below, the discussion below assumes that the notes
will be so treated.
Upon the sale, exchange, redemption or maturity of your notes, you
should recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference
between the amount realized on the sale, exchange, redemption or
maturity and your tax basis in your notes. Your tax basis in your
notes will generally be equal to the amount that you paid for the
notes. Such capital gain or loss should generally be short-term
capital gain or loss if you hold the notes for one year or less,
and should be long-term capital gain or loss if you hold the notes
for more than one year. Short-term capital gains are generally
subject to tax at the marginal tax rates applicable to ordinary
income.
No statutory, judicial or administrative authority directly
discusses how your notes should be treated for U.S. federal income
tax purposes. As a result, the U.S. federal income tax consequences
of your investment in the notes are uncertain and alternative
characterizations are possible. Accordingly, we urge you to consult
your tax advisor in determining the tax consequences of an
investment in your notes in your particular circumstances,
including the application of state, local or other tax laws and the
possible effects of changes in federal or other tax laws.
Alternative Treatments. There is no judicial or administrative
authority discussing how your notes should be treated for U.S.
federal income tax purposes. Therefore, the Internal Revenue
Service might assert that a treatment other than that described
above is more appropriate. For example, the Internal Revenue
Service could treat your notes as a single debt instrument subject
to special rules governing contingent payment debt
instruments.
Under those rules, the amount of interest you are required to take
into account for each accrual period would be determined by
constructing a projected payment schedule for the notes and
applying rules similar to those for accruing original issue
discount on a hypothetical noncontingent debt instrument with that
projected payment schedule. This method is applied by first
determining the comparable yield — i.e., the yield at which we
would issue a noncontingent fixed rate debt instrument with terms
and conditions similar to your notes — and then determining a
payment schedule as of the applicable original issue date that
would produce the comparable yield. These rules may have the effect
of requiring you to include interest in income in respect of your
notes prior to your receipt of cash attributable to that
income.
If the rules governing contingent payment debt instruments apply,
any gain you recognize upon the sale, exchange, redemption or
maturity of your notes would be treated as ordinary interest
income. Any loss you recognize at that time would be treated as
ordinary loss to the extent of interest you included as income in
the current or previous taxable years in respect of your notes,
and, thereafter, as capital loss.
If the rules governing contingent payment debt instruments apply,
special rules would apply to persons who purchase a note at other
than the adjusted issue price as determined for tax purposes.
It is also possible that your notes could be treated in the manner
described above, except that any gain or loss that you recognize at
maturity or upon redemption would be treated as ordinary gain or
loss. You should consult your tax advisor as to the tax
consequences of such characterization and any possible alternative
characterizations of your notes for U.S. federal income tax
purposes.
It is possible that the Internal Revenue Service could seek to
characterize your notes in a manner that results in tax
consequences to you that are different from those described above.
You should consult your tax advisor as to the tax consequences of
any possible alternative characterizations of your notes for U.S.
federal income tax purposes.
Possible Change in Law
In 2007, legislation was introduced in Congress that, if enacted,
would have required holders that acquired instruments such as your
notes after the bill was enacted to accrue interest income over the
term of such instruments even though there will be no interest
payments over the term of such instruments. It is not possible to
predict whether a similar or identical bill will be
enacted in the future, or whether any such bill would affect the
tax treatment of your notes.
In addition, on December 7, 2007, the Internal Revenue Service
released a notice stating that the Internal Revenue Service and the
Treasury Department are actively considering issuing guidance
regarding the proper U.S. federal income tax treatment of an
instrument such as the offered notes including whether the
PS-19
holders should be required to accrue ordinary income on a current
basis and whether gain or loss should be ordinary or capital. It is
not possible to determine what guidance they will ultimately issue,
if any. It is possible, however, that under such guidance, holders
of the notes will ultimately be required to accrue income currently
and this could be applied on a retroactive basis. The Internal
Revenue Service and the Treasury Department are also considering
other relevant issues, including whether foreign holders of such
instruments should be subject to withholding tax on any deemed
income accruals, and whether the special “constructive ownership
rules” of Section 1260 of the Internal Revenue Code might be
applied to such instruments. Except to the extent otherwise
provided by law, GS Finance Corp. intends to continue treating the
notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes in accordance with the
treatment described above unless and until such time as Congress,
the Treasury Department or the Internal Revenue Service determine
that some other treatment is more appropriate.
It is impossible to predict what any such legislation or
administrative or regulatory guidance might provide, and whether
the effective date of any legislation or guidance will affect notes
that were issued before the date that such legislation or guidance
is issued. You are urged to consult your tax advisor as to the
possibility that any legislative or administrative action
may adversely affect the tax treatment of your notes.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
You will be subject to generally applicable information reporting
and backup withholding requirements as discussed in the
accompanying prospectus under “United States Taxation — Taxation of
Debt Securities — Backup Withholding and Information Reporting —
United States Holders” with respect to payments on your notes and,
notwithstanding that we do not intend to treat the notes as debt
for tax purposes, we intend to backup withhold on such payments
with respect to your notes unless you comply with the requirements
necessary to avoid backup withholding on debt instruments (in which
case you will not be subject to such backup withholding) as set
forth under “United States Taxation — Taxation of Debt Securities —
United States Holders” in the accompanying prospectus. Please see
the discussion under “United States Taxation — Taxation of Debt
Securities — Backup Withholding and Information Reporting—United
States Holders” in the accompanying prospectus for a description of
the applicability of the backup withholding and information
reporting rules to payments made on your notes.
Non-United States Holders
This section applies to you only if you are a non-United States
holder. You are a non-United States holder if you are the
beneficial owner of the notes and are, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes:
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a nonresident alien
individual;
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a foreign corporation; or
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an estate or trust that in either case
is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on
income or gain from the notes.
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You will be subject to generally applicable information reporting
and backup withholding requirements as discussed in the
accompanying prospectus under “United States Taxation — Taxation of
Debt Securities — Backup Withholding and Information Reporting —
Non-United States Holders” with respect to payments on your notes
and, notwithstanding that we do not intend to treat the notes as
debt for tax purposes, we intend to backup withhold on such
payments with respect to your notes unless you comply with the
requirements necessary to avoid backup withholding on debt
instruments (in which case you will not be subject to such backup
withholding) as set forth under “United States Taxation – Taxation
of Debt Securities – Non-United States Holders” in the accompanying
prospectus.
Furthermore, on December 7, 2007, the Internal Revenue Service
released Notice 2008-2 soliciting comments from the public on
various issues, including whether instruments such as your notes
should be subject to withholding. It is therefore possible that
rules will be issued in the future, possibly with retroactive
effect, that would cause payments on your notes to be subject to
withholding, even if you comply with certification requirements as
to your foreign status.
As discussed above, alternative characterizations of the notes for
U.S. federal income tax purposes are possible. Should an
alternative characterization of the notes, by reason of a change or
clarification of the law, by regulation or otherwise, cause
payments with respect to the notes to become subject to
PS-20
withholding tax, we will withhold tax at the applicable statutory
rate and we will not make payments of any additional amounts.
Prospective
non-United
States holders of the notes should consult their tax advisors in
this regard.
In addition, the Treasury Department has issued regulations under
which amounts paid or deemed paid on certain financial instruments
(“871(m) financial instruments”) that are treated as attributable
to U.S.-source dividends could be treated, in whole or in part
depending on the circumstances, as a “dividend equivalent” payment
that is subject to tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate under an
applicable treaty), which in the case of any amounts a non-United
States holder receives upon the sale, exchange, redemption or
maturity of the notes, could be collected via withholding. If these
regulations were to apply to the notes, we may be required to
withhold such taxes if any U.S.-source dividends are paid on the
stocks included in the underlier during the term of the notes. We
could also require a non-United States holder to make
certifications (e.g., an applicable Internal Revenue Service Form
W-8) prior to the maturity of the notes in order to avoid or
minimize withholding obligations, and we could withhold accordingly
(subject to the non-United States holder’s potential right to claim
a refund from the Internal Revenue Service) if such certifications
were not received or were not satisfactory. If withholding was
required, we would not be required to pay any additional amounts
with respect to amounts so withheld. These regulations generally
will apply to 871(m) financial instruments (or a combination of
financial instruments treated as having been entered into in
connection with each other) issued (or significantly modified and
treated as retired and reissued) on or after January 1, 2025, but
will also apply to certain 871(m) financial instruments (or a
combination of financial instruments treated as having been entered
into in connection with each other) that have a delta (as defined
in the applicable Treasury regulations) of one and are issued (or
significantly modified and treated as retired and reissued) on or
after January 1, 2017. In addition, these regulations will not
apply to financial instruments that reference a “qualified index”
(as defined in the regulations). We have determined that, as of the
issue date of your notes, your notes will not be subject to
withholding under these rules. In certain limited circumstances,
however, you should be aware that it is possible for non-United
States holders to be liable for tax under these rules with respect
to a combination of transactions treated as having been entered
into in connection with each other even when no withholding is
required. You should consult your tax advisor concerning these
regulations, subsequent official guidance and regarding any other
possible alternative characterizations of your notes for U.S.
federal income tax purposes.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
(FATCA) Withholding
Pursuant to Treasury regulations, Foreign Account Tax Compliance
Act (FATCA) withholding (as described in “United States
Taxation—Taxation of Debt Securities—Foreign Account Tax Compliance
Act (FATCA) Withholding” in the accompanying prospectus) will
generally apply to obligations that are issued on or after July 1,
2014; therefore, the notes will generally be subject to the FATCA
withholding rules.
PS-21
Supplemental plan of distribution;
conflicts of interest
See “Supplemental Plan of
Distribution” on page S-49 of the accompanying general terms
supplement no. 2,913 and “Plan of Distribution — Conflicts of
Interest” on page 129 of the accompanying prospectus; GS Finance
Corp. estimates that its share of the total offering expenses,
excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be
approximately $ .
GS Finance Corp. will sell
to GS&Co., and GS&Co. will purchase from GS Finance Corp.,
the aggregate face amount of the offered notes specified on the
front cover of this pricing supplement. GS&Co. proposes
initially to offer the notes to the public at the original issue
price set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement, and
to certain securities dealers at such price less a concession not
in excess of % of the
face amount. GS&Co. is an affiliate of GS Finance Corp. and The
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and, as such, will have a “conflict of
interest” in this offering of notes within the meaning of Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA) Rule 5121.
Consequently, this offering of notes will be conducted in
compliance with the provisions of FINRA Rule 5121. GS&Co. will
not be permitted to sell notes in this offering to an account over
which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior
specific written approval of the account holder. We have been
advised that GS&Co. will also pay a fee in connection with the
distribution of the notes to SIMON Markets LLC, a broker-dealer in
which an affiliate of GS Finance Corp. holds an indirect minority
equity interest.
We expect to deliver the
notes against payment therefor in New York, New York on November
29, 2022. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, trades in the secondary market generally are required to
settle in two business
days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree
otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade notes on any
date prior to two business days before delivery will be required to
specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a
failed settlement.
We have been advised by
GS&Co. that it intends to make a market in the notes. However,
neither GS&Co. nor any of our other affiliates that makes a
market is obligated to do so and any of them may stop doing so at
any time without notice. No assurance can be given as to the
liquidity or trading market for the notes.
The notes will not be
listed on any securities exchange or interdealer quotation
system.
PS-22
We have not authorized anyone to provide any information or to make
any representations other than those contained or incorporated by
reference in this pricing supplement, the accompanying general
terms supplement no. 2,913, the accompanying underlier supplement
no. 29, the accompanying prospectus supplement or the accompanying
prospectus. We take no responsibility for, and can
provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other
information that others may give you. This pricing
supplement, the accompanying general terms supplement no. 2,913,
the accompanying underlier supplement no. 29, the accompanying
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is an offer
to sell only the notes offered hereby, but only under circumstances
and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The
information contained in this pricing supplement, the accompanying
general terms supplement no. 2,913, the accompanying underlier
supplement no. 29, the accompanying prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus is current only as of the respective dates
of such documents.
$
GS Finance Corp.
Autocallable Nasdaq-100 Index®-Linked
Notes due
guaranteed by
The Goldman Sachs
Group, Inc.
_______________

_______________
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
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