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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File Number 001-38919
Rattler Midstream LP
(Exact Name of Registrant As Specified in Its Charter)
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DE
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83-1404608 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or
Organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
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500 West Texas |
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Suite 1200 |
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Midland, |
TX |
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79701
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(Address of principal executive offices) |
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(Zip code)
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(432) 221-7400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934:
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Title of each class |
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Trading Symbol(s) |
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Name of each exchange on which registered |
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Common Units |
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RTLR |
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The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |
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(NASDAQ Global Select Market) |
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Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the
Act: |
None |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned
issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities
Act. Yes ☐
No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file
reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
Act. Yes ☐
No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90
days. Yes ☒
No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted
electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter)
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to submit such
files). Yes ☒
No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a
smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the
definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,”
“smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large Accelerated Filer |
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Accelerated Filer |
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Non-Accelerated Filer |
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Smaller Reporting Company |
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Emerging Growth Company |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange
Act. ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on
and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section
404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the
registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit
report.
☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act). Yes ☐
No ☒
The aggregate market value of the common units held by
non-affiliates was approximately $443.2 million on June 30,
2021, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently
completed second fiscal quarter, based on closing prices in the
daily composite list for transactions on the Nasdaq Global Select
Market on such date. As of February 18, 2022, 38,139,805
common units representing limited partner interests and 107,815,152
Class B units representing limited partner interests were
outstanding.
Documents Incorporated By Reference: None
RATTLER MIDSTREAM LP
FORM 10-K
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GLOSSARY OF OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS
The following is a glossary of certain oil and natural gas industry
terms used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”
or this “report”):
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Basin
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A large depression on the earth’s surface in which sediments
accumulate.
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Bbl or barrel
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One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in
reference to crude oil, natural gas liquids or other liquid
hydrocarbons.
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Bbl/d
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Bbl per day. |
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British thermal unit or Btu
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The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound
of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
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Completion
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The process of treating a drilled well, followed by the
installation of permanent equipment for the production of natural
gas or oil or, in the case of a dry hole, the reporting of
abandonment to the appropriate agency.
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Condensate
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Liquid hydrocarbons associated with production that is primarily
natural gas.
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Crude oil
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Liquid hydrocarbons found in the earth, which may be refined into
fuel sources.
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Dry hole
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A well found to be incapable of producing hydrocarbons in
sufficient quantities such that proceeds from the sale of such
production exceed production expenses and taxes.
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Field
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The general area encompassed by one or more crude oil or natural
gas reservoirs or pools that are located on a single geologic
feature, or that are otherwise closely related to such geologic
feature (either structural or stratigraphic). |
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Gross acres or gross wells
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The total acres or wells, as the case may be, in which a working
interest is owned.
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Horizontal drilling
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A drilling technique used in certain formations where a well is
drilled vertically to a certain depth and then drilled at a right
angle with a specified interval.
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Hydraulic fracturing
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The process of creating and preserving a fracture or system of
fractures in a reservoir rock, typically by injecting a fluid under
pressure through a wellbore and into the targeted
formation.
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Hydrocarbon
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An organic compound containing only carbon and
hydrogen.
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MBbl
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One thousand barrels.
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MBbl/d
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One thousand barrels per day.
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MMcf |
One million cubic feet of natural gas. |
MMcf/d |
One million cubic feet of natural gas per day. |
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MMBbl
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One million barrels.
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MMBbl/d
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One million barrels per day.
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MMBtu
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One million British thermal units.
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MMBtu/d
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One million British thermal units per day.
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Natural gas
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Hydrocarbon gas found in the earth, composed of methane, ethane,
butane, propane and other gases.
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NGL
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Natural gas liquids; the combination of ethane, propane, butane and
natural gasolines that, when removed from natural gas, becomes
liquid under various levels of higher pressure and lower
temperature.
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Operator
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The individual or company responsible for the exploration and/or
production of a crude oil or natural gas well or
lease.
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Reserves
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Estimated remaining quantities of crude oil and natural gas and
related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of
a given date, by application of development projects to known
accumulations. In addition, there must exist, or there must be a
reasonable expectation that there will exist, the legal right to
produce or a revenue interest in the production, installed means of
delivering crude oil and natural gas or related substances to the
market and all permits and financing required to implement the
project. Reserves should not be assigned to adjacent reservoirs
isolated by major, potentially sealing, faults until those
reservoirs are penetrated and evaluated as economically producible.
Reserves should not be assigned to areas that are clearly separated
from a known accumulation by a non-productive reservoir (i.e.,
potentially recoverable resources from undiscovered
accumulations).
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Throughput
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The volume of product transported or passing through a pipeline,
plant, terminal or other facility.
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Tight formation
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A formation with low permeability that produces natural gas with
very low flow rates for long periods of time.
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Working interest
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An operating interest that gives the owner the right to drill,
produce and conduct operating activities on the property and
receive a share of production and requires the owner to pay a share
of the costs of drilling and production operations.
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GLOSSARY OF CERTAIN OTHER TERMS
The following is a glossary of certain other terms used in this
report:
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ASU |
Accounting Standards Update. |
ASC |
Accounting Standards Codification. |
Delaware Act
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Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act.
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Diamondback
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Diamondback Energy, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its
subsidiaries other than the Partnership and its subsidiaries
(including the Operating Company).
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DOT
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The U.S. Department of Transportation.
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EPA
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
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Exchange Act
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The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
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FASB |
Financial Accounting Standards Board. |
FERC
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Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
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GAAP
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Accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States.
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General Partner
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Rattler Midstream GP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company; the
General Partner of the Partnership and a wholly owned subsidiary of
Diamondback.
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GHG
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Greenhouse gases.
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Holding Company |
Rattler Holdings LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of
Rattler. |
IPO
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The Partnership’s initial public offering.
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LIBOR |
The London interbank offered rate. |
LTIP |
Rattler Midstream LP Long Term Incentive Plan. |
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Nasdaq
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The Nasdaq Global Select Market.
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Notes |
The $500.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.625% Senior
Notes due 2025 issued on July 14, 2020. |
Operating Company
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Rattler Midstream Operating LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company and a consolidated subsidiary of the
Partnership.
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OPEC |
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. |
OSHA
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Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act.
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Partnership
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Rattler Midstream LP, a Delaware limited partnership.
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Partnership agreement
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The first amended and restated agreement of limited partnership of
Rattler Midstream LP, dated May 28, 2019.
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Predecessor
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The Operating Company, prior to May 28, 2019 for accounting
purposes.
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RRC |
The Railroad Commission of Texas. |
SEC
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Securities and Exchange Commission.
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Securities Act
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The Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This Annual Report contains “forward-looking statements” within the
meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the
Exchange Act, which involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions.
All statements, other than statements of historical fact, including
statements regarding our: future performance; business strategy;
future operations; estimates and projections of revenues, losses,
costs, expenses, returns, cash flow, and financial position;
anticipated benefits of strategic transactions (including
acquisitions and divestitures); and plans and objectives of
management (including plans for future cash flow from operations)
are forward-looking statements. When used in this document, the
words “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,”
“estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “future,” “guidance,” “intend,”
“may,” “model,” “outlook,” “plan,” “positioned,” “potential,”
“predict,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,”
and similar expressions (including the negative of such terms) as
they relate to the Partnership are intended to identify
forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking
statements contain such identifying words. Although we believe that
the expectations and assumptions reflected in our forward-looking
statements are reasonable as and when made, they involve risks and
uncertainties that are difficult to predict and, in many cases,
beyond our control. Accordingly, forward-looking statements are not
guarantees of future performance and our actual outcomes could
differ materially from what we have expressed in our
forward-looking statements. Unless the context requires otherwise,
references to “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Partnership” are intended
to mean the business and operations of the Partnership and its
consolidated subsidiaries.
Factors that could cause our outcomes to differ materially include
(but are not limited to) the following:
•Diamondback’s
ability to meet its drilling and development plans on a timely
basis or at all;
•changes
in supply and demand levels for oil, natural gas, and natural gas
liquids, and the resulting impact on the price for those
commodities;
•the
impact of public health crises, including epidemic or pandemic
diseases such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and any related company or
government policies or actions;
•actions
taken by the members of OPEC and Russia affecting the production
and pricing of oil, as well as other domestic and global political,
economic, or diplomatic developments;
•changes
in general economic, business or industry conditions, including
changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates, and
inflation rates;
•regional
supply and demand factors, including delays, curtailment delays or
interruptions of production, or governmental orders, rules or
regulations that impose production limits;
•federal
and state legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to
hydraulic fracturing, including the effect of existing and future
laws and governmental regulations;
•restrictions
on the use of water, including limits on the use of produced water
and a moratorium on new produced water well permits recently
imposed by the RRC in an effort to control induced seismicity in
the Permian Basin;
•significant
declines in prices for oil, natural gas, or natural gas liquids,
which could require recognition of significant impairment
charges;
•changes
in U.S. energy, environmental, monetary and trade
policies;
•conditions
in the capital, financial and credit markets, including the
availability and pricing of capital for drilling and development
operations and our environmental and social responsibility
projects;
•challenges
with employee retention and an increasingly competitive labor
market due to a sustained labor shortage or increased turnover
caused by the COVID-19 pandemic;
•changes
in the demand for and costs of conducting midstream infrastructure
services;
•changes
in safety, health, environmental, tax, and other regulations or
requirements (including those addressing air emissions, water
management, or the impact of global climate change);
•security
threats, including cybersecurity threats and disruptions to our
business and operations from breaches of our information technology
systems, or from breaches of information technology systems of
third parties with whom we transact business;
•our
ability to identify, complete and effectively integrate
acquisitions into our operations;
•our
ability to achieve anticipated synergies, system optionality and
accretion associated with acquisitions;
•the
results of our investments in joint ventures;
•the
conditions impacting the timing and amount of common units
repurchased under our common unit repurchase program;
•severe
weather conditions;
•acts
of war or terrorist acts and the governmental or military response
thereto;
•defaults
by Diamondback under our commercial agreements;
•changes
in the financial strength of counterparties to our credit
agreement;
•changes
in our credit rating; and
•the
risk factors discussed in Item 1A of Part I of this Annual Report
on Form 10-K.
In light of these factors, the events anticipated by our
forward-looking statements may not occur at the time anticipated or
at all. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly
changing environment and new risks emerge from time to time. We
cannot predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all
factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or
combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ
materially from those anticipated by any forward-looking statements
we may make. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on
any forward-looking statements made in this document. All
forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this
document or, if earlier, as of the date they were made. We do not
intend to, and disclaim any obligation to, update or revise any
forward-looking statements unless required by applicable
law.
PART I
References in this Annual Report to (i) “Rattler,” “the
Partnership,” “our Partnership,” “we,” “our,” “us” or like terms
refer to Rattler Midstream LP individually and collectively with
its subsidiary, Rattler Midstream Operating LLC, as the context
requires, (ii) “our General Partner” refers to Rattler Midstream GP
LLC, our General Partner and a wholly owned subsidiary of
Diamondback, (iii) the “Holding Company” or “HoldCo” refer to
Rattler Holdings LLC, (iv) the “Operating Company” refer to Rattler
Midstream Operating LLC, and (v) “Diamondback” refers collectively
to Diamondback Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries other than the
Partnership and its subsidiaries.
ITEMS 1 AND 2. BUSINESS AND
PROPERTIES
Overview
We are a publicly traded Delaware limited partnership formed by
Diamondback to own, operate, develop and acquire midstream and
energy-related infrastructure assets in the Midland and Delaware
Basins of the Permian Basin, one of the most prolific oil producing
areas in the world. We have elected to be treated as a corporation
for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
On December 22, 2021, we completed an internal reorganization,
which we refer to as the Reorganization, including the
contribution, which we refer to as the Contribution, of 100% of the
limited liability company interests we held in the Operating
Company to the Holding Company, our newly-formed, wholly-owned
subsidiary. As a result of the Contribution, the Holding Company
was admitted as a member of the Operating Company, and replaced us
as the managing member of the Operating Company.
Our operations are conducted through, and our operating assets are
owned by, the Operating Company. As of December 31, 2021, the
Holding Company directly owned a 26% membership interest and 100%
of the sole managing membership interest in the Operating Company,
while Diamondback owned a 74% economic, non-voting interest in the
Operating Company. Our assets and operations are reported in one
business segment. Effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2021,
the Partnership determined the former real estate operations
segment no longer met the criteria to be an operating segment due
to a change in focus and the relative immateriality of the
activity.
We are Diamondback’s primary provider of water-related midstream
services (including water sourcing and transportation and produced
water gathering and disposal) and a significant provider of
long-term crude oil gathering and, as such, are critical to its
development plans. We have long-term acreage dedications, which we
refer to as the Acreage Dedications, from Diamondback spanning
approximately 450,000 gross acres on Diamondback’s core leasehold
in the Permian (approximately 265,000 gross acres in the Midland
Basin and approximately 185,000 gross acres in the Delaware Basin).
We entered into commercial agreements with Diamondback in June
2018, effective as of January 1, 2018, that have initial terms
ending in 2034.
Our General Partner’s management team consists of members of the
management team of Diamondback. We believe that our relationship
with Diamondback and our common strategic and operational interests
provide the optimal platform to execute our business plan and drive
unitholder value.
Significant 2021 and 2022 Acquisitions and
Divestitures
Acquisitions
WTG Joint Venture Acquisition
On October 5, 2021, we and a private affiliate of an investment
fund formed Remuda Midstream Holdings LLC, which we refer to as the
WTG joint venture. The Operating Company invested approximately
$104.0 million in cash to acquire a 25% interest in the WTG
joint venture, which then completed an acquisition of a majority
interest in WTG Midstream LLC, or WTG Midstream, from West Texas
Gas, Inc. and its affiliates. WTG Midstream’s assets primarily
consist of an interconnected gas gathering system and six major gas
processing plants servicing the Midland Basin with 925 MMcf/d of
total processing capacity with additional gas gathering and
processing expansions planned.
Drop Down Transaction
On December 1, 2021, we acquired certain water midstream assets
from Diamondback and certain of its subsidiaries for $160.0
million, including closing adjustments, in cash in a drop down
transaction that we refer to as the Drop Down. We funded the
transaction with borrowings under the Operating Company’s revolving
credit facility. The Drop Down was accounted for as a transaction
between entities under common control, with assets recognized at
Diamondback’s historical carrying value.
The Drop Down assets include nine active saltwater disposal
injection wells with 330 MBbl/d of capacity, seven produced water
recycling and storage facilities, 20 fresh water pits and
approximately 4,000 acres of fee surface. Also included are 55
miles of produced water gathering pipeline and 18 miles of sourced
water gathering pipeline.
BANGL Joint Venture Acquisition
On January 19, 2022, we invested approximately $22.2 million in
cash to acquire a 10% interest in BANGL, LLC, which we refer to as
the BANGL joint venture. The BANGL pipeline, which began full
commercial service in the fourth quarter of 2021, provides NGL
takeaway capacity from MPLX and WTG gas processing plants in the
Permian Basin to the NGL fractionation hub in Sweeny, Texas and has
expansion capacity of up to 300,000 Bbl/d.
Divestitures
Amarillo Rattler Divestiture
On April 30, 2021, we and our joint venture partner, Amarillo
Midstream, LLC, each sold our respective 50% interests in Amarillo
Rattler, LLC, which we refer to as Amarillo Rattler, to EnLink
Midstream Operating, LP. Net of transaction expenses and working
capital adjustments, we received $23.5 million at closing. An
incremental $5.0 million is payable to us in April 2022, and we
could receive up to $7.5 million in total contingent earn-out
payments from 2023 to 2025.
Real Estate Divestiture
On June 28, 2021, we closed on the sale of one of our real estate
properties located in Midland, Texas for proceeds of $9.1 million,
including closing adjustments, which resulted in a loss on disposal
of $0.4 million.
Pecos County Gas Gathering Divestiture
On November 1, 2021, we completed the sale of substantially all of
our natural gas gathering assets to Brazos Delaware Gas, LLC, an
affiliate of Brazos Midstream, for aggregate total gross potential
consideration of $93.0 million, consisting of (i) $83.0 million
paid at closing, after customary closing adjustments, (ii) a $5.0
million contingent payment due in 2023 if the aggregate actual
deliveries of gas volumes into the gas gathering system by and/or
on behalf of Diamondback and its affiliates exceed certain
specified thresholds during 2022, and (iii) a $5.0 million
contingent payment due in 2024 if the aggregate actual deliveries
of gas volumes into the gas gathering system by and/or on behalf of
Diamondback and its affiliates exceed certain specified thresholds
during 2022 and 2023. The contingent payments will be recorded if
and when they become realizable.
Our Assets
As of December 31, 2021, we own and operate 866 miles of crude
oil, sourced water and produced water gathering pipelines on
acreage that overlays Diamondback’s core Midland and Delaware Basin
development areas. Our water system obtains, stores and distributes
sourced water for use in drilling and completion operations and
collects flowback and produced water, which we refer to
collectively as produced water, for recycling and disposal. Our oil
gathering systems transport oil from the infield production
batteries to intermediary pipelines. Additionally, we own equity
interests in three long-haul crude oil pipelines and one NGL
pipeline that run from the Permian to the Texas Gulf Coast. We also
own equity interests in third-party operated gathering systems and
processing facilities supported by commercial agreements, including
acreage dedications with Diamondback and other
operators.
The transportation of water and hydrocarbon volumes away from the
producing wellhead is paramount to ensuring the efficient
operations of a crude oil or natural gas well. To facilitate this
transportation, our midstream infrastructure includes a network of
gathering pipelines that collect and transport crude oil, sourced
water and produced water from Diamondback’s operations in the
Midland and Delaware Basins. These assets are predominately located
in Pecos, Reeves, Ward, Loving, Midland, Howard, Andrews, Martin
and Glasscock Counties.
The following table provides information regarding our gathering,
compression and transportation system as of December 31,
2021:
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Pipeline Infrastructure Assets |
(miles)(1)
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Delaware Basin |
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Midland Basin |
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Permian Total |
Crude oil |
113 |
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|
46 |
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|
159 |
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Produced water |
273 |
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|
310 |
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|
583 |
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Sourced water |
27 |
|
|
97 |
|
|
124 |
|
Total |
413 |
|
|
453 |
|
|
866 |
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(capacity/capability)(1)
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Delaware Basin |
|
Midland Basin |
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Permian Total |
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Utilization |
Crude oil gathering (Bbl/d) |
240,000 |
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|
65,000 |
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|
305,000 |
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27 |
% |
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Produced water gathering and disposal (Bbl/d) |
1,330,000 |
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|
2,134,000 |
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|
3,464,000 |
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|
24 |
% |
Sourced water gathering (Bbl/d) |
120,000 |
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|
544,000 |
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|
664,000 |
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43 |
% |
(1)Does
not include any assets of our equity method investment joint
ventures.
The following table provides information regarding our throughput
volumes for each of the periods indicated:
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Year Ended December 31, |
(throughput)(1)
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2021 |
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2020 |
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2019 |
Crude oil gathering (Bbl/d) |
79,071 |
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|
92,056 |
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|
85,164 |
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Natural gas gathering (MMBtu/d) |
112,130 |
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|
121,637 |
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|
85,283 |
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Produced water gathering and disposal (Bbl/d) |
783,259 |
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|
821,543 |
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|
806,078 |
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Sourced water gathering (Bbl/d) |
268,259 |
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|
253,907 |
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|
415,939 |
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(1)Does
not include any volumes from our equity method investment joint
ventures.
Crude oil gathering and transportation assets
As of December 31, 2021, excluding the assets of our joint
ventures discussed below, our crude oil gathering system consists
of (i) 159 miles of crude oil pipelines, which have 305,000 Bbl/d
of crude oil throughput capacity and 118,000 Bbl of crude oil
storage. Our crude oil gathering and transportation system is
purpose built with firm capacity on intermediary pipelines
providing connections to long-haul pipelines that terminate on the
Texas Gulf Coast. Our crude oil gathered volumes, excluding volumes
gathered by our joint ventures, averaged 79 MBbl/d for the year
ended December 31, 2021.
Produced water gathering and disposal assets
Crude oil and natural gas cannot be produced without significant
produced water transport and disposal capacity given the high water
volumes that accompany the hydrocarbons. At the well site, crude
oil and produced water are separated to extract the crude oil for
sale and the produced water for proper disposal, treatment and
recycling. We own strategically located produced water gathering
pipeline systems spanning a total of 583 miles that connect the
overwhelming majority of Diamondback operated crude oil and natural
gas wells to our produced water disposal well sites. As of
December 31, 2021, we have a total of 141 produced water
disposal wells with an aggregate capacity of 3.5 MMBbl/d located
across the Midland and Delaware Basins. Diamondback has instituted
a program in its operations to use treated water for completion
operations, and 23% of the sourced water volumes sold by Rattler
were recycled produced water during the year ended December 31,
2021. We have and expect to continue to realize increased margins
for produced water disposal as a result of this recycling
program.
Water sourcing and distribution assets
Our water sourcing and distribution system, with storage capacity
of 75 MMBbl/d, is critical to Diamondback’s completion operations,
and obtains, stores and distributes water from sourced water wells
from the Capitan Reef formation, Edwards-Trinity, Pecos Alluvium
and Rustler aquifers in the Permian. Our sourced water system
consists of a combination of permanent buried pipelines, portable
surface pipelines, produced water treatment facilities and sourced
water storage facilities, as well as pumping stations to transport
the sourced water throughout the pipeline network. Having access to
water sources is an important element of the hydraulic fracturing
process.
Investment in long-haul crude oil and NGL pipelines
We own a 10% equity interest in each of EPIC Crude Holdings LP,
Gray Oak Pipeline, LLC, and BANGL, LLC, and a 4% equity interest in
Wink to Webster Pipeline LLC. We refer to these joint ventures as
the EPIC, Gray Oak, BANGL and Wink to Webster joint ventures,
respectively. Our equity interests in these pipeline joint ventures
are expected to provide us with a steady cash flow stream from
long-haul crude oil and NGL transportation.
EPIC, which began full operations in April 2020, owns and operates
a long-haul crude oil pipeline from the Permian and the Eagle Ford
Shale to Corpus Christi, Texas. This pipeline, which we refer to as
the EPIC pipeline, is capable of transporting approximately 600,000
Bbl/d which, with the installation of additional pumps and storage,
can be increased to approximately 1,000,000 Bbl/d.
Gray Oak, which also began full operations in April 2020, owns and
operates a long-haul crude oil pipeline from the Permian and the
Eagle Ford Shale to points along the Texas Gulf Coast, including a
marine terminal connection in Corpus Christi, Texas. This pipeline,
which we refer to as the Gray Oak Pipeline, is capable of
transporting approximately 900,000 Bbl/d.
BANGL, which began full commercial service in the fourth quarter of
2021, provides NGL takeaway capacity from the MPLX and WTG gas
processing plants in the Permian Basin to the NGL fractionation hub
in Sweeny, Texas and has expansion capacity of up to 300,000
Bbl/d.
Wink to Webster owns and operates a long-haul crude oil pipeline
system with origin points at Wink and Midland in the Permian Basin
and delivery points at multiple Houston area locations. The joint
venture owns a 71% undivided joint interest in the main pipeline
segment between Midland and Houston. The Wink to Webster pipeline’s
main segment began interim service operation in the fourth quarter
of 2020, and the joint venture is expected to begin full commercial
operations in the first quarter of 2022. Upon completion, this
pipeline, which we refer to as the Wink to Webster pipeline, will
be capable of transporting approximately 1,500,000
Bbl/d.
Investment in crude oil gathering system
We own a 60% equity interest in OMOG JV LLC, a joint venture that
owns Reliance Gathering, LLC, which owns and operates an in-basin
crude oil gathering and transportation system in the Northern
Midland Basin underpinned by long-term transportation agreements.
The crude oil gathering and transportation system includes
approximately 245 miles of crude oil gathering and regional
transportation pipelines and approximately 200,000 barrels of crude
oil storage in Midland, Martin, Andrews and Ector Counties, Texas.
We refer to this joint venture as the OMOG joint venture. Over
150,000 gross acres in the Northern Midland Basin are dedicated to
the system under long-term, fixed-fee agreements, some of which
benefit from minimum volume commitments.
Investment in gas gathering and processing system
We own a 25% equity interest in the WTG joint venture, which owns a
majority interest in WTG Midstream. WTG Midstream has assets
primarily consisting of an interconnected gas gathering system and
six major gas processing plants servicing the Midland Basin with
925 MMcf/d of total processing capacity with additional gas
gathering and processing expansions planned.
Our Relationship with Diamondback
As
of December 31, 2021, our General Partner had a 100% general
partner interest in us, and Diamondback owned no common units and
beneficially owned all of our 107,815,152 outstanding Class B
units, representing approximately 74% of our total units
outstanding. Diamondback also owns and controls our General
Partner.
We believe Diamondback views our assets as an integral part of its
strategy of remaining a premier, low-cost Permian operator. The
fundamental role we play in Diamondback’s operational success
allows us to capitalize on Diamondback’s expected Permian
production and strong track record of accretive acquisitions. We
plan to build our midstream infrastructure in concert with and in
advance of Diamondback’s expected production in order to allow
Diamondback the operational flexibility to execute on its
development plan. We believe that Diamondback will continue to be a
low cost producer as a result of its management expertise, premier
asset base with a deep inventory of economic potential horizontal
drilling locations, well capitalized balance sheet and operational
execution track record. As such, we expect Diamondback’s consistent
requirements for our midstream services, along with Rattler’s
declining capital needs, will drive free cash flow growth in the
future. Our anticipated capital expenditures are mainly associated
with building out infield gathering and capacity and contributions
to equity method joint ventures, which are expected to be minimal
going forward as the majority of projects are at or near their full
length and capacity. Our visibility into Diamondback’s drilling and
production plans will allow us to utilize a synchronized midstream
development plan that optimizes capital spending and free cash flow
generation.
Business Strategies
Our primary objective is to increase unitholder value by executing
the following business strategies:
•Serve
as a significant provider of midstream services for
Diamondback.
Pursuant to the Acreage Dedications, we will continue to provide
sourced water handling and gathering, produced water handling and
disposal and crude oil transportation and gathering services for
Diamondback until 2034, and extended thereafter on a yearly basis
unless terminated by a party. We expect that Diamondback’s
development of its core areas, and therefore its need for midstream
services, will continue on the Acreage Dedications and we intend to
utilize this relationship with Diamondback to drive free cash flow.
Significant past investment in building or acquiring our midstream
assets will allow us to support Diamondback’s expected production
volumes, even as our expected operating capital expenditures
decline.
•Focus
on cash flow generation to fund our capital plan, support our
distribution policy and maximize unitholder returns.
Our operations are underpinned by high-margin, stable cash flow as
a result of our long-term, fixed-fee contracts with
Diamondback. In addition, other than our equity commitments in
connection with our joint ventures, all of which are at or near
their full length and capacity and should have minimal capital
contributions going forward, we expect to have low future operating
capital expenditure requirements, which will allow us to generate
free cash flow and make distribution payments to our common
unitholders while limiting our reliance on the capital markets. A
core component of our strategy is to maximize free cash flow while
maintaining a conservative debt to equity ratio.
•Emphasize
providing midstream services under long-term, fixed-fee contracts
to avoid direct commodity price exposure, mitigate volatility and
enhance stability of our cash flow.
Our commercial agreements with Diamondback are structured as
long-term, fixed-fee contracts, which mitigates our direct exposure
to commodity prices and enhances stability and predictability of
our cash flow. We intend to pursue future opportunities that
primarily utilize fixed-fee structures to insulate our cash flow
from direct commodity price exposure.
Competitive Strengths
We have a number of competitive strengths that we believe will help
us successfully execute our business strategies,
including:
•Fundamental,
strategic relationship with Diamondback.
We believe our assets are integral to Diamondback’s strategy and we
believe the fundamental role we play in Diamondback’s operational
success allows us to capitalize on Diamondback’s expected Permian
production. We plan to build our midstream infrastructure in
concert with and in advance of Diamondback’s expected production in
order to allow Diamondback the operational flexibility to execute
on its development plan. Our visibility into Diamondback’s drilling
and production plans allows us to utilize a synchronized midstream
development plan that optimizes capital spending and free cash flow
generation.
•Experienced
management team with an extensive track record of value
creation.
The management team of our General Partner consists of executives
from Diamondback and we believe their significant experience,
successful track record and discipline in deploying capital at
Diamondback distinguishes us from our peers and helps us deliver
attractive unitholder returns.
•Asset
base located in the core of the Permian with highly visible
underlying production.
Our asset base is located in what we believe is the core of the
Midland and Delaware Basins of the Permian and overlays
Diamondback’s core development areas. These areas are characterized
by high return single well economics that we believe are among the
best in the Lower 48 and have a deep inventory of economic
horizontal drilling locations. The close proximity of our assets to
other leading exploration and production operators provide
additional opportunities to execute third party contracts for
midstream services.
•Structural
and strategic alignment with unitholders.
We are focused on creating differentiated unitholder value and
providing strong return on and return of capital to unitholders.
Through its ownership of Class B and common units in us and
its ownership of membership interests in the Operating Company,
Diamondback directly benefits if we grow free cash flow and
distributions. We do not have incentive distribution rights or
subordinated units, which we believe better aligns the interests of
our unitholders with those of Diamondback. Additionally, we are
structured as a partnership that elected to be treated as a
corporation for tax purposes, which we believe increases stability
and creates a more liquid trading market for our common units,
given our access to a potentially broader unitholder base. We
believe the preceding is a differentiator in the public midstream
sector and provides the optimal platform to pursue a balanced plan
for value creation that benefits all unitholders
equally.
•High-margin
business that generates significant, predictable free cash
flow.
Our revenue is generated as a result of our fee-based commercial
agreements with Diamondback, which are based upon the prevailing
market rates at the time of execution with annual escalators
(subject to potential adjustment by regulators). We believe such
agreements provide exposure to Diamondback’s production with no
direct commodity price exposure, thus enhancing the predictability
of free cash flow and our performance. We believe the current
capacity of our assets should result in minimal incremental
operating capital expenditures to meet Diamondback’s anticipated
production volumes, and will result in significant long-term free
cash flow generation that supports a self-funding model for our
core business and the return of capital to unitholders through a
distribution.
•Financial
flexibility and conservative capital structure.
We have a conservative capital structure that we believe provides
us with the financial flexibility to execute our business
strategies. As of December 31, 2021, we had $425 million of
liquidity, including $405 million of available borrowings under our
credit agreement, and a debt to equity ratio of approximately 0.7
to 1.0. We believe that our significant liquidity and strong
capital structure allows us to execute our strategy while limiting
our reliance on the capital markets.
Competition
If and when we expand our crude oil and water-related midstream
services to third party producers, we will face a high level of
competition, including major integrated crude oil and natural gas
companies and interstate and intrastate pipelines. Competition is
often the greatest in geographic areas experiencing robust drilling
by producers and during periods of high commodity prices for crude
oil, natural gas or NGLs.
Within the Acreage Dedications, we do not compete with other
midstream companies to provide Diamondback with midstream services.
However, for certain midstream services within the Acreage
Dedications, Diamondback may continue to use third party service
providers until the expiration or termination of certain
pre-existing dedications.
Seasonal Nature of Business
The volumes of condensate produced at our processing facilities
fluctuate seasonally, with volumes generally increasing in the
winter months and decreasing in the summer months as a result of
the physical properties of natural gas and comingled
liquids.
Regulation
The midstream services we provide are subject to regulations that
may affect certain aspects of our business and the market for our
services.
Environmental Matters
Our gathering pipelines, crude oil treating facilities and produced
water facilities are subject to certain federal, state and local
laws and regulations governing the emission or discharge of
materials into the environment or otherwise relating to the
protection of the environment.
As an owner or operator of these facilities, we comply with these
laws and regulations at the federal, state and local levels. These
laws and regulations can restrict or impact our business activities
in many ways, such as:
•requiring
the acquisition of permits to conduct regulated
activities;
•restricting
the way we can handle or dispose of our materials or
wastes;
•limiting
or prohibiting construction, expansion, modification and
operational activities based on National Ambient Air Quality
Standards, or NAAQS, and in sensitive areas, such as wetlands,
coastal regions, seismically sensitive areas, or areas inhabited by
endangered species;
•requiring
remedial action to mitigate pollution conditions caused by our
operations or attributable to former operations;
•enjoining,
or compelling changes to, the operations of facilities deemed not
to be in compliance with permits issued pursuant to such
environmental laws and regulations; and
•requiring
noise, lighting, visual impact, odor or dust mitigation, setbacks,
landscaping, fencing and other measures; and limiting or
restricting water use.
Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may trigger a
variety of administrative, civil and criminal enforcement measures,
including the assessment of monetary penalties, the imposition of
remedial requirements and the issuance of orders enjoining current
and future operations. Certain environmental statutes impose strict
liability (i.e., no showing of “fault” is required) that may be
joint and several for costs required to clean up and restore sites
where hazardous substances have been disposed or otherwise
released. Moreover, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners
and other third parties to file claims for property damage or
possibly personal injury allegedly caused by the release of
substances or other waste products into the
environment.
The historic trend in environmental regulation is to place more
restrictions and limitations on activities that may affect the
environment. Thus, there can be no assurance as to the amount or
timing of future expenditures for environmental compliance or
remediation, and actual future expenditures may be different from
the amounts we currently anticipate. When possible, we attempt to
anticipate future regulatory requirements that might be imposed and
plan accordingly to manage the costs of such
compliance.
Our producers are subject to various environmental laws and
regulations, including the ones described below, and could
similarly face suspension of activities or substantial fines and
penalties or other costs resulting from noncompliance with such
laws and regulations. Any costs incurred to comply with or fines
and penalties imposed related to alleged violations of
environmental law that have the potential to impact or curtail
production from the producers utilizing our midstream assets could
subsequently reduce throughput on our systems and in turn adversely
affect our business and results of operations. Changes in
environmental laws and regulations occur frequently, and any
changes that result in more stringent and costly pollution control
or waste handling, storage, transport, disposal or cleanup
requirements could materially adversely affect our operations and
financial position, as well as the oil and natural gas industry in
general.
Air Emissions
The federal Clean Air Act, or the CAA, as amended, and comparable
state laws and regulations, regulate emissions of various air
pollutants through the issuance of permits and the imposition of
other requirements. The EPA has developed, and continues to
develop, stringent regulations governing emissions of air
pollutants at specified sources. New facilities may be required to
obtain permits before work can begin, and existing facilities may
be required to obtain additional permits and incur capital costs in
order to remain in compliance. Our operations are subject to the
CAA, and comparable state and local requirements. We may be
required to incur certain capital expenditures for air pollution
control equipment in connection with maintaining or obtaining
preconstruction and operating permits and approvals. For example,
on August 16, 2012, the EPA published final regulations under
the CAA that establish new emission controls for oil and natural
gas production and processing operations. See “—Climate Change”
below. Also, on June 3, 2016, the EPA published a final rule
regarding the criteria for aggregating multiple small surface sites
into a single source for air-quality permitting purposes applicable
to the oil and gas industry. This rule could cause small
facilities, on an aggregate basis, to be deemed a major source,
thereby triggering
more stringent air permitting processes and requirements. These
laws and regulations may increase the costs of compliance for some
facilities we own or operate, and federal and state regulatory
agencies can impose administrative, civil and criminal penalties
for non-compliance with air permits or other requirements of the
CAA and associated state laws and regulations.
Compliance with these or other new legal requirements could, among
other things, require installation of new emission controls on some
of our equipment, result in longer permitting timelines, and
significantly increase our capital expenditures and operating
costs, which could adversely impact our business. We believe that
we are in substantial compliance with all applicable air emissions
regulations and that we hold all necessary and valid construction
and operating permits for our operations. Obtaining or renewing
permits has the potential to delay the development of oil and
natural gas projects.
Climate Change
In recent years, federal, state and local governments have taken
steps to reduce emissions of GHGs. The EPA has finalized a series
of GHG monitoring, reporting and emission control rules for the oil
and natural gas industry, and the U.S. Congress has, from time to
time, considered adopting legislation to reduce emissions. Almost
one-half of the states have already taken measures to reduce
emissions of GHGs primarily through the development of GHG emission
inventories and/or regional GHG cap-and-trade programs. In
addition, states have imposed increasingly stringent requirements
related to the venting or flaring of gas during oil and natural gas
operations.
Furthermore, on June 3, 2016, the EPA amended its New Source
Performance standards to impose new standards for methane and
volatile organic compounds emissions for certain new, modified, and
reconstructed equipment, processes, and activities across the oil
and natural gas sector. However, on August 13, 2020, in response to
an executive order by former President Trump to review and revise
unduly burdensome regulations, the EPA amended the New Source
Performance standards to ease regulatory burdens, including
rescinding standards applicable to transmission or storage segments
and eliminating methane requirements altogether. On June 30, 2021,
President Biden signed into law a joint resolution of Congress
disapproving the 2020 amendments (with the exception of some
technical changes) thereby reinstating the 2016 New Source
Performance standards. The EPA expects owners and operators of
regulated sources to take “immediate steps” to comply with these
standards. Additionally, on November 15, 2021, the EPA published a
proposed rule that would expand and strengthen emission reduction
requirements for both new and existing sources in the oil and
natural gas industry by requiring increased monitoring of fugitive
emissions, imposing new requirements for pneumatic controllers and
tank batteries, and prohibiting venting of natural gas in certain
situations. These new standards, to the extent implemented, as well
as any future laws and their implementing regulations, may require
us to obtain pre-approval for the expansion or modification of
existing facilities or the construction of new facilities expected
to produce air emissions, impose stringent air permit requirements,
or mandate the use of specific equipment or technologies to control
emissions.
At the international level, in December 2015, the United States
participated in the 21st Conference of the Parties of the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris, France.
The resulting Paris Agreement calls for the parties to undertake
“ambitious efforts” to limit the average global temperature, and to
conserve and enhance sinks and reservoirs of GHGs. The Paris
Agreement went into effect on November 4, 2016. The Paris
Agreement establishes a framework for the parties to cooperate and
report actions to reduce GHG emissions. Although the United States
withdrew from the Paris Agreement, effective November 4, 2020,
President Biden issued an Executive Order on January 20, 2021 to
rejoin the Paris Agreement, which took effect on February 19, 2021.
On April 21, 2021, the United States announced that it was setting
an economy-wide target of reducing its GHG emissions by 50-52
percent below 2005 levels in 2030. In November 2021, in connection
with the 26th Conference of the Parties in Glasgow, Scotland, the
United States and other world leaders made further commitments to
reduce GHG emissions, including reducing global methane emissions
by at least 30% by 2030. Furthermore, many state and local leaders
have stated their intent to intensify efforts to support the
international climate commitments.
Although it is not possible at this time to predict how legislation
or new regulations that may be adopted to address GHG emissions
would impact our business, such future laws and regulations
imposing reporting obligations on, or limiting emissions of GHGs
from, our equipment and operations could require us to incur costs
to reduce emissions of GHGs associated with our operations.
Substantial limitations on GHG emissions could also adversely
affect demand for the crude oil and natural gas we
gather.
In addition, there have also been efforts in recent years to
influence the investment community, including investment advisors
and certain sovereign wealth, pension and endowment funds promoting
divestment of fossil fuel equities and pressuring lenders to limit
funding to companies engaged in the extraction of fossil fuel
reserves. Such environmental activism and initiatives aimed at
limiting climate change and reducing air pollution could interfere
with our business activities, operations and ability to access
capital. Furthermore, claims have been made against certain energy
companies alleging that GHG emissions from oil and natural gas
operations constitute a public nuisance under federal and/or state
common law. As a result, private individuals or public entities may
seek to enforce environmental laws and regulations against us and
could allege
personal injury, property damages, or other liabilities. While our
business is not a party to any such litigation, we could be named
in actions making similar allegations. An unfavorable ruling in any
such case could significantly impact our operations and could have
an adverse impact on our financial condition.
Moreover, climate change may be associated with extreme weather
conditions such as more intense hurricanes, thunderstorms,
tornadoes and snow or ice storms, as well as rising sea levels.
Another possible consequence of climate change is increased
volatility in seasonal temperatures. Some studies indicate that
climate change could cause some areas to experience temperatures
substantially hotter or colder than their historical averages.
Extreme weather conditions, such as, the severe winter storms in
the Permian Basin in February 2021, can interfere with our
operations or Diamondback’s exploration and production operations,
which in turn could affect demand for our services. Damage
resulting from extreme weather may not be fully insured. However,
at this time, we are unable to determine the extent to which
climate change may lead to increased storm or weather hazards
affecting our operations.
Remediation of Hazardous Substances
Our operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations
relating to the management and release of hazardous substances or
solid wastes, including petroleum hydrocarbons. These laws
generally regulate the generation, storage, treatment,
transportation and disposal of solid and hazardous waste, and may
impose strict, joint and several liabilities for the investigation
and remediation of areas at a facility where hazardous substances
may have been released or disposed. The Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act, as amended, which we
refer to as CERCLA or the “Superfund” law, and analogous state
laws, generally impose liability, without regard to fault or
legality of the original conduct, on classes of persons who are
considered to be responsible for the release of a “hazardous
substance” into the environment. These persons include the current
owner or operator of a contaminated facility, a former owner or
operator of the facility at the time of contamination, and those
persons that disposed or arranged for the disposal of the hazardous
substance at the facility. Under CERCLA and comparable state
statutes, persons deemed “responsible parties” are subject to
strict liability that, in some circumstances, may be joint and
several for the costs of removing or remediating previously
disposed wastes (including wastes disposed of or released by prior
owners or operators) or property contamination (including
groundwater contamination), for damages to natural resources and
for the costs of certain health studies. In addition, it is not
uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file
claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by
the hazardous substances released into the environment. Despite the
“petroleum exclusion” of CERCLA Section 101(14) that currently
encompasses crude oil and natural gas, we may nonetheless handle
hazardous substances within the meaning of CERCLA, or similar state
statutes, in the course of our ordinary operations and, as a
result, may be jointly and severally liable under CERCLA for all or
part of the costs required to clean up sites at which these
hazardous substances have been released into the environment.
Therefore, governmental agencies or third parties may seek to hold
us responsible under CERCLA and comparable state statutes for all
or part of the costs to clean up sites at which such “hazardous
substances” have been released.
Waste Handling
We also generate solid wastes, including hazardous wastes that are
subject to the requirements of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, or RCRA, and comparable state statutes. The RCRA, as
amended, and comparable state statutes and regulations promulgated
thereunder, affect oil and natural gas development and production
activities by imposing requirements regarding the generation,
transportation, treatment, storage, disposal and cleanup of
hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. With federal approval, the
individual states administer some or all of the provisions of the
RCRA, sometimes in conjunction with their own, more stringent
requirements. Although most wastes associated with the development
and production of crude oil and natural gas are exempt from
regulation as hazardous wastes under the RCRA, such wastes may
constitute “solid wastes” that are subject to the less stringent
non-hazardous waste requirements. Moreover, the EPA or state or
local governments may adopt more stringent requirements for the
handling of non-hazardous wastes or categorize some non-hazardous
wastes as hazardous for future regulation. Indeed, legislation has
been proposed from time to time in Congress to re-categorize
certain oil and natural gas exploration, development and production
wastes as “hazardous wastes.” Also, in December 2016, the EPA
agreed in a consent decree to review its regulation of oil and
natural gas waste. However, in April 2019, the EPA concluded that
revisions to the federal regulations for the management of oil and
natural gas waste are not necessary at this time. Any changes in
such laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on
our capital expenditures and operating expenses.
Administrative, civil and criminal penalties can be imposed for
failure to comply with waste handling requirements. We currently
own or lease properties where petroleum hydrocarbons are being or
have been handled for many years. Although we have utilized
operating and disposal practices that were standard in the industry
at the time, petroleum hydrocarbons or other wastes may have been
disposed of or released on or under the properties owned or leased
by us or on or under the other locations where these petroleum
hydrocarbons and wastes have been taken for treatment or disposal.
In addition, certain of these properties have been operated by
third parties whose treatment and disposal or release of petroleum
hydrocarbons or other wastes was not under our control. These
properties and wastes disposed thereon may be subject to CERCLA,
RCRA and analogous state laws. Under these laws, we could be
required to remove or remediate previously disposed wastes
(including wastes disposed of or released by prior owners or
operators), to clean up contaminated property (including
contaminated groundwater) or to perform remedial operations to
prevent future contamination. We believe that we are in substantial
compliance with applicable requirements related to waste handling,
and that we hold all necessary and up-to-date permits,
registrations and other authorizations to the extent that our
operations require them under such laws and regulations. Although
we do not believe the current costs of managing our wastes, as
presently classified, to be significant, any legislative or
regulatory reclassification of oil production wastes could increase
our costs to manage and dispose of such wastes.
Water Discharges
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended, also
referred to as the “Clean Water Act,” or the CWA, and analogous
state laws impose restrictions and strict controls regarding the
unauthorized discharge of pollutants, including produced waters and
other oil and natural gas wastes, into navigable waters of the
United States, as well as state waters. Pursuant to the CWA and
analogous state laws, the discharge of pollutants into regulated
waters is prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a
permit issued by the EPA or the state. The CWA and regulations
implemented thereunder also prohibit the discharge of dredge and
fill material into regulated waters, including jurisdictional
wetlands, unless authorized by an appropriately issued
permit.
The scope of waters regulated under the CWA has fluctuated in
recent years. On June 29, 2015, the EPA and the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers, or the Corps, jointly promulgated final rules
redefining the scope of waters protected under the CWA. However, on
October 22, 2019, the agencies published a final rule to
repeal the 2015 rules, and then on April 21, 2020, the EPA and the
Corps published a final rule replacing the 2015 rule, which
significantly reduced the waters subject to federal regulation
under the CWA. On August 30, 2021, a federal court struck down the
replacement rule and, on December 7, 2021, the EPA and the Corps
published a proposed rule that would put back into place the
pre-2015 definition of “waters of the United States,” updated to
reflect Supreme Court decisions, while the agencies continue to
consult with stakeholders on future regulatory actions. As a result
of such recent developments, substantial uncertainty exists
regarding the scope of waters protected under the CWA. To the
extent the rules expand the range of properties subject to the
CWA’s jurisdiction, we could face increased costs and delays with
respect to obtaining permits for dredge and fill activities in
wetland areas
Spill prevention, control and countermeasure plan, or SPCC,
requirements under federal law require appropriate containment
berms and similar structures to help prevent the contamination of
navigable waters in the event of a petroleum hydrocarbon tank
spill, rupture or leak. In some instances, we may also be required
to develop a Facility Response Plan that demonstrates our
facility’s preparedness to respond to a worst case crude oil
discharge. The CWA imposes substantial potential civil and criminal
penalties for non-compliance.
The EPA has also adopted regulations requiring certain oil and
natural gas exploration and production facilities to obtain
individual permits or coverage under general permits for storm
water discharges. Costs may be associated with implementing storm
water pollution prevention plans, as well as for monitoring and
sampling the storm water runoff from certain of our facilities.
Some states also maintain groundwater protection programs that
require permits for discharges or operations that may impact
groundwater conditions.
The Oil Pollution Act is the primary federal law for oil spill
liability. The Oil Pollution Act contains numerous requirements
relating to the prevention of and response to petroleum releases
into waters of the United States, including the requirement that
operators of offshore facilities and certain onshore facilities
near or crossing waterways must develop and maintain facility
response contingency plans and maintain certain significant levels
of financial assurance to cover potential environmental cleanup and
restoration costs. The Oil Pollution Act subjects owners of
facilities to strict liability that, in some circumstances, may be
joint and several for all containment and cleanup costs and certain
other damages arising from a release, including, but not limited
to, the costs of responding to a release of oil to surface
waters.
Non-compliance with the CWA or the Oil Pollution Act may result in
substantial administrative, civil and criminal penalties, as well
as injunctive obligations. We believe we are in material compliance
with the requirements of each of these laws. Additionally, we
believe that compliance with existing permits and compliance with
foreseeable new permit requirements will not have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition or results of
operations.
Hydraulic Fracturing
We do not conduct hydraulic fracturing operations, but
substantially all of Diamondback’s crude oil and natural gas
production on the Acreage Dedications are developed from
unconventional sources that require hydraulic fracturing as part of
the completion process. The majority of our sourced water services
business is related to the storage and transportation of water for
use in hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is an important
common practice that is used to stimulate production of
hydrocarbons, particularly natural gas, from tight formations,
including shales. The process, which involves the injection of
water, sand and chemicals under pressure into formations to
fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production, is
typically regulated by state oil and natural gas commissions.
However, federal, state and local jurisdictions have adopted, or
are considering adopting, regulations that could restrict or
prohibit hydraulic fracturing in certain circumstances, impose more
stringent operating standards and/or require the disclosure of the
composition of hydraulic fracturing fluids. Additionally, there are
certain governmental reviews either underway or being proposed that
focus on environmental aspects of hydraulic fracturing practices,
which could spur initiatives to further regulate hydraulic
fracturing. Additional levels of regulation and permits required
through the adoption of new laws and regulations at the federal,
state or local level could lead to delays, increased operating
costs and process prohibitions that could reduce the volumes of
crude oil and natural gas that move through our gathering systems
and decrease demand for our water services, which in turn could
materially adversely impact our revenues.
We dispose of large volumes of produced water, gathered from
Diamondback and other customers in connection with their respective
drilling and producing operations, and inject it into wells
pursuant to permits issued to us by governmental authorities
overseeing such activities. While these permits are issued pursuant
to the Safe Drinking Water Act and other implementing laws and
regulations, the legal requirements are subject to change, which
could result in imposition of more stringent operating constraints
or new monitoring and reporting requirements. Regulators in some
states have sought additional requirements to assess the
relationship between seismicity and the use of disposal wells. For
example, the RRC has recently imposed standards for operators of
disposal wells to assess risk in seismically active areas.
Additionally, the RRC can impose increased frequency of injection
data to the state, inclusive of daily rate and pressure. Utilizing
the permit required for risk assessment and increased data density,
if the applicant of a disposal well cannot demonstrate that the
produced water or other fluids are confined to the disposal zone or
are likely to be or determined to be contributing to seismic
activity, then the RRC may deny, modify, suspend, or terminate the
permit application or existing permit for such well. The RRC has
used this authority to deny permits and temporarily suspend
operations for disposal wells, and in September 2021, the RRC
curtailed the amount of water companies are permitted to inject
into some wells near Midland and Odessa in the Permian Basin. Since
this action, the RRC has indefinitely suspended some permits and
identified other areas of increased seismic risk with associated
imposition of permit modification. These restrictions on disposal
of produced water could result in increased operating costs through
alternative water handling strategies, not limited to, trucking
water to low risk areas, recycling of produced water, or pumping it
through a pipeline network to low risk areas.
Endangered Species
The federal Endangered Species Act, or ESA, and analogous state
laws restrict activities that may affect listed endangered or
threatened species or their habitats. If endangered species are
located in areas where we operate, our operations or any work
performed related to them could be prohibited or delayed or
expensive mitigation may be required. While some of our operations
may be located in areas that are designated as habitats for
endangered or threatened species, we believe that we are in
compliance with the ESA. However, the designation of previously
unprotected species, such as the dunes sagebrush lizard, in areas
where we operate as threatened or endangered could result in the
imposition of restrictions on our operations and consequently have
a material adverse effect on our business.
Safety and Maintenance Regulation
We are subject to regulation by DOT under the Hazardous Liquids
Pipeline Safety Act of 1979, or HLPSA, and comparable state
statutes with respect to design, installation, testing,
construction, operation, replacement and management of pipeline
facilities. HLPSA covers petroleum and petroleum products,
including NGLs and condensate, and requires any entity that owns or
operates pipeline facilities to comply with such regulations, to
permit access to and copying of records and to file certain reports
and provide information as required by the United States Secretary
of Transportation. These regulations include potential fines and
penalties for violations. We believe that we are in compliance in
all material respects with these HLPSA regulations.
We are also subject to the Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act of 1968,
or NGPSA, and the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002. The
NGPSA regulates safety requirements in the design, construction,
operation and maintenance of natural gas pipeline facilities while
the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act establishes mandatory
inspections for all United States crude oil
and natural gas transportation pipelines and some gathering
pipelines in high-consequence areas within ten years. DOT, through
the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, or
PHMSA, has developed regulations implementing the Pipeline Safety
Improvement Act that requires pipeline operators to implement
integrity management programs, including more frequent inspections
and other safety protections in areas where the consequences of
potential pipeline accidents pose the greatest risk to people and
their property.
The Pipeline Safety and Job Creation Act, enacted in 2011, and the
Protecting our Infrastructure of Pipelines and Enhancing Safety Act
of 2016, also known as the PIPES Act, enacted in 2016, amended the
HLPSA and NGPSA and increased safety regulation. The Pipeline
Safety and Job Creation Act doubles the maximum administrative
fines for safety violations from $100,000 to $200,000 for a single
violation and from $1.0 million to $2.0 million for a
related series of violations (now increased for inflation to
$225,134 and $2,251,334, respectively), and provides that these
maximum penalty caps do not apply to civil enforcement actions,
establishes additional safety requirements for newly constructed
pipelines, and requires studies of certain safety issues that could
result in the adoption of new regulatory requirements for existing
pipelines, including the expansion of integrity management, use of
automatic and remote-controlled shut-off valves, leak detection
systems, sufficiency of existing regulation of gathering pipelines,
use of excess flow valves, verification of maximum allowable
operating pressure, incident notification, and other
pipeline-safety related requirements. The PIPES Act ensures that
the PHMSA completes the Pipeline Safety and Job Creation Act
requirements; reforms PHMSA to be a more dynamic, data-driven
regulator; and closes gaps in federal standards.
PHMSA has undertaken rulemakings to address many areas of this
legislation. For example, on October 1, 2019, PHMSA published
final rules to expand its integrity management requirements and
impose new pressure testing requirements on regulated pipelines,
including certain segments outside High Consequence Areas. The
rules, once effective, also extend reporting requirements to
certain previously unregulated hazardous liquid gravity and rural
gathering lines. Also, on November 15, 2021, PHMSA published a
final rule extending reporting requirements to all onshore gas
gathering operators and establishing a set of minimum safety
requirements for certain gas gathering pipelines with large
diameters and high operating pressures. Additional rulemakings are
anticipated, including rulemakings to adjust repair criteria for
gas transmission lines, to require inspection of gas pipelines
following extreme events, and to strengthen integrity management
assessment requirements. Also, on June 7, 2021, PHMSA issued an
advisory bulletin reminding pipeline owners and operators that,
pursuant to legislation signed into law in December 2020, they must
take several steps to eliminate hazardous leaks and minimize
releases of natural gas by December 27, 2021. These requirements
could require us to install new or modified safety controls, pursue
additional capital projects or conduct maintenance programs on an
accelerated basis, any or all of which tasks could result in our
incurring increased operating costs that could have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.
In addition, any material penalties or fines issued to us under
these or other statutes, rules, regulations or orders could have an
adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of
operation and cash flow.
States are largely preempted by federal law from regulating
pipeline safety but may assume responsibility for enforcing
intrastate pipeline regulations at least as stringent as the
federal standards, and many states have undertaken responsibility
to enforce the federal standards. The RRC is the agency vested with
intrastate natural gas pipeline regulatory and enforcement
authority in Texas. The Commission’s regulations adopt by reference
the minimum federal safety standards for the transportation of
natural gas. In addition, on December 17, 2019, the Commission
adopted rules requiring that operators of gathering lines take
“appropriate” actions to fix safety hazards. We do not anticipate
any significant problems in complying with applicable federal and
state laws and regulations in Texas. Our gathering pipelines have
ongoing inspection and compliance programs designed to keep the
facilities in compliance with pipeline safety and pollution control
requirements.
In addition, we are subject to the requirements of OSHA and
comparable state statutes, whose purpose is to protect the health
and safety of workers, both generally and within the pipeline
industry. Moreover, the OSHA hazard communication standard, the EPA
community right-to-know regulations under Title III of the federal
Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act and comparable state
statutes require that information be maintained concerning
hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that
this information be provided to employees, state and local
government authorities and citizens. We and the entities in which
we own an interest are also subject to OSHA Process Safety
Management regulations, which are designed to prevent or minimize
the consequences of catastrophic releases of toxic, reactive,
flammable or explosive chemicals. These regulations apply to any
process which involves a chemical at or above specified thresholds,
or any process which involves flammable liquid or gas, pressurized
tanks, caverns and wells in excess of 10,000 pounds at various
locations. Flammable liquids stored in atmospheric tanks below
their normal boiling point without the benefit of chilling or
refrigeration are exempt from these standards. Also, the Department
of Homeland Security and other agencies such as the EPA continue to
develop regulations concerning the security of industrial
facilities, including crude oil and natural gas facilities. We are
subject to a number of requirements and must prepare Federal
Response Plans to comply. We must also prepare Risk Management
Plans under the regulations promulgated by the EPA to implement the
requirements under the CAA to prevent the accidental release of
extremely hazardous substances. We have an internal program of
inspection designed to monitor and enforce
compliance with safeguard and security requirements. We believe
that we are in compliance in all material respects with all
applicable laws and regulations relating to safety and
security.
FERC and State Regulation of Natural Gas and Crude Oil
Pipelines
The FERC’s regulation of crude oil and natural gas pipeline
transportation services and natural gas sales in interstate
commerce affects certain aspects of our business and the market for
our products and services.
Natural Gas Gathering Pipeline Regulation
Section 1(b) of the Natural Gas Act of 1938, or NGA, exempts
natural gas gathering facilities from the jurisdiction of FERC
under the NGA. We believe that our natural gas gathering facilities
meet the traditional tests FERC has used to establish a pipeline’s
status as a gathering pipeline and therefore our natural gas
gathering facilities should not be subject to FERC jurisdiction.
However, the distinction between FERC-regulated interstate
transportation services and federally unregulated gathering
services has been the subject of frequent litigation and varying
interpretations, and FERC determines whether facilities are
gathering facilities on a case by case basis, so the classification
and regulation of our gathering facilities may be subject to change
based on future determinations by FERC, the courts, or Congress. If
FERC were to determine that all or some of our gathering facilities
or the services provided by us are not exempt from FERC regulation,
the rates for, and terms and conditions of, services provided by
such facilities would be subject to regulation by FERC, which could
in turn decrease revenue, increase operating costs, and, depending
upon the facility in question, adversely affect our results of
operations and cash flow.
The Energy Policy Act of 2005, or EPAct 2005, amended the NGA to
add an anti-market manipulation provision. Pursuant to FERC’s rules
promulgated under EPAct 2005, it is unlawful for any entity,
directly or indirectly, in connection with the purchase or sale of
natural gas subject to the jurisdiction of FERC, or the purchase or
sale of transportation services subject to FERC jurisdiction:
(1) to use or employ any device, scheme or artifice to
defraud; (2) to make any untrue statement of material fact or
omit a material fact; or (3) to engage in any act or practice
that operates as a fraud or deceit upon any person. EPAct 2005
provided FERC with substantial enforcement authority, including the
power to assess civil penalties of up to $1.0 million per day
per violation, now increased for inflation to more than
$1.3 million per day per violation, to order disgorgement of
profits and to recommend criminal penalties. Failure to comply with
the NGA, EPAct 2005 and the other federal laws and regulations
governing our business can result in the imposition of
administrative, civil and criminal remedies.
Texas regulation of gathering facilities includes various safety,
environmental and ratable take requirements. Our gathering
operations are subject to regulation by the RRC. Texas’s Natural
Resources Code, or TNRC, provides that each person purchasing or
taking for transportation crude oil or natural gas from any owner
or producer shall purchase or take ratably, without discrimination
in favor of any owner or producer over any other owner or producer
in the same common source of supply offering to sell his crude oil
or natural gas produced therefrom to such person. This statute has
the effect of restricting our right as an owner of gathering
facilities to decide with whom we contract to transport natural
gas.
The RRC’s regulations require operators of natural gas gathering
lines to file several forms and provide financial assurance, and
they also impose certain requirements on gathering system waste.
Moreover, the RRC retains authority to regulate the installation,
reclamation, operations, maintenance, and repair of gathering
systems should the RRC choose to do so. Should the RRC exercise
this authority, the consequences for us will depend upon the extent
to which the authority is exercised. We cannot predict what effect,
if any, the exercise of such authority might have on our
operations.
Our natural gas gathering facilities are not subject to rate
regulation or open access requirements by the RRC. However, the RRC
requires us to register as pipeline operators, pay assessment and
registration fees, undergo inspections and report annually on the
miles of pipeline we operate.
Many of the producing states, including Texas, have adopted some
form of complaint-based regulation that generally allows natural
gas producers and shippers to file complaints with state regulators
in an effort to resolve grievances relating to natural gas
gathering access and rate discrimination. Further, additional rules
and legislation pertaining to these matters are considered or
adopted from time to time. We cannot predict what effect, if any,
such changes might have on our operations, but we could be required
to incur additional capital expenditures and increased costs
depending on future legislative and regulatory
changes.
Crude Oil Pipeline Regulation
Pipelines that transport crude oil in interstate commerce are
subject to regulation by FERC pursuant to the Interstate Commerce
Act, or ICA, the Energy Policy Act of 1992, and related rules and
orders. The ICA requires, among other things, that tariff rates for
common carrier crude oil pipelines be “just and reasonable” and not
unduly discriminatory or preferential, and that such rates and
terms and conditions of service be filed with FERC. The ICA permits
interested persons to challenge proposed new or changed rates. FERC
is authorized to suspend the effectiveness of such rates for up to
seven months, though rates are typically suspended only for a
nominal period and allowed to become effective, subject to refund
and investigation. If, after investigation, FERC finds that the new
or changed rate is unlawful, it may require the carrier to pay
refunds for the period that the unlawful rate was in effect. FERC
also may investigate, upon complaint or on its own motion, rates
that are already in effect and may order a carrier to change its
rates prospectively at the conclusion of the investigation. Upon an
appropriate showing, a shipper may obtain reparations for damages
sustained for a period of up to 2 years prior to the filing of a
complaint. The rates charged for crude oil pipeline services are
generally based on a FERC-approved indexing methodology, which
allows a pipeline to charge rates up to a prescribed ceiling that
changes annually based on the year-to-year change in the Producer
Price Index for Finished Goods (PPI-FG). A rate increase within the
indexed rate ceiling is presumed to be just and reasonable unless a
protesting party can demonstrate that the rate increase is
substantially in excess of the pipeline’s actual operating and
maintenance costs, depreciation and a reasonable return on
investment. The FERC reviews the index level every five years. The
current index level is the PPI-FG, plus 0.78 percent, which is
in effect until June 30, 2026. As an alternative to this indexing
methodology, pipelines may also choose to support changes in their
rates based on a cost-of-service methodology, by obtaining advance
approval to charge “market-based rates,” or by charging “settlement
rates” agreed to by all affected shippers.
We have a FERC tariff on file to gather crude oil in interstate
commerce and a RRC tariff on file to gather crude oil in intrastate
commerce.
Other Oil and Natural Gas Industry Regulation
The State of Texas is engaged in a number of initiatives that may
impact our operations directly or indirectly. To the extent that
the State of Texas adopts new regulations that impact Diamondback,
as our primary current customer, the impact of these regulations on
Diamondback production activity may result in decreased demand from
Diamondback for the services we provide.
We continue to monitor proposed and new regulations and legislation
in all our operating jurisdictions to assess the potential impact
on our company. Concurrently, we are engaged in extensive public
education and outreach efforts with the goal of engaging and
educating the general public and communities about the economic and
environmental benefits of safe and responsible crude oil and
natural gas development.
Employees
Neither we, the Holding Company, the Operating Company nor our
General Partner has any employees. We rely solely on Diamondback to
operate our assets and perform other management, administrative and
operating services for us and our General Partner. All of the
individuals that conduct our business, including our executive
officers, are employed by Diamondback.
Facilities
We own the Fasken Center which has over 421,000 net rentable square
feet within its two office towers and associated assets in Midland,
Texas. We, Diamondback and Viper Energy Partners LP, or Viper, are
headquartered at the Fasken Center. Diamondback and unrelated third
parties lease office space within the Fasken Center from us under
long-term lease agreements. We also own field offices and related
facilities in Midland and Reeves Counties, Texas. We believe that
these facilities are adequate for our current
operations.
Availability of Partnership Reports
Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q,
current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports are
available free of charge on the Investor Relations page of our
website at
www.rattlermidstream.com
as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is
electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information
contained on, or connected to, our website is not incorporated by
reference into this Annual Report and should not be considered part
of this or any other report that we file with or furnish to the
SEC.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Limited partner interests are inherently different from the capital
stock of a corporation, although many of the business risks to
which we are subject are similar to those that would be faced by a
corporation engaged in a similar business. If any of the following
risks were to occur, our business, financial condition, results of
operations and cash available for distribution could be materially
adversely affected. In that case, we might not be able to make
distributions on our common units, the trading price of our common
units could decline and unitholders could lose all or part of their
investment. Other risks are also described in “Items 1 and 2.
Business and Properties” and “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures About Market Risk.”
Risks Related to Our Business
Our business and operations have been and could continue to be
adversely affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and volatility
in the oil and natural gas markets.
After briefly reaching negative levels in April 2020, oil prices
recovered during 2021, closing at $85.43 per bbl WTI as of
January 18, 2022, spurred by the global economic recovery from
the COVID-19 pandemic and producer restraint. Demand for oil and
natural gas increased during 2021, as many restrictions on
conducting business implemented in response to the COVID-19
pandemic were lifted due to improved treatments and availability of
vaccinations in the U.S. and globally. The emergence of the Delta
COVID-19 variant in the latter part of 2021 and the subsequent
surge of the highly transmissible Omicron variant, however,
continue to contribute to economic and pricing volatility and a
cautious production outlook for 2022, as industry and market
participants evaluate the potential impact of Omicron COVID-19
cases. Further, on January 4, 2022, OPEC and its non-OPEC allies,
known collectively as OPEC+, agreed to continue their program
(commenced in August 2021) of gradual monthly output increases in
February 2022, raising its output target by 400,000 Bbl per day,
which move is expected to boost oil supply in response to rising
demand. In its report issued on February 10, 2022, OPEC noted its
expectation that world oil demand will rise by 4.15 MBbl per day in
2022, as the global economy continues to post a strong recovery
from the COVID-19 pandemic. Although this demand outlook is
expected to underpin oil prices, already seen at a seven-year high
in February 2022, we cannot predict any future volatility in
commodity prices or demand for crude oil.
Notwithstanding the return of crude oil demand, Diamondback has
announced capital plans to maintain its fourth quarter 2021
production volumes for 2022. Because we derive substantially all of
our revenue from our commercial agreements with Diamondback, which
do not contain minimum volume commitments, any reductions of
Diamondback’s drilling and development plan on our Acreage
Dedications could have a direct and adverse impact on Diamondback’s
demand for our midstream services and, consequently, our results of
operations.
Besides the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and actions by
OPEC+, other significant factors that are likely to continue to
affect commodity prices in future periods include, but are not
limited to, the effect of U.S. energy, monetary and trade policies,
U.S. and global economic conditions, U.S. and global political and
economic developments, including the Biden Administration’s energy
and environmental policies and the potential impact of any
Russian-Ukrainian conflict on the global energy markets, all of
which are beyond our control.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic continues to present operational,
health, labor, logistics and other challenges, and it is difficult
to assess the ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our
business, financial condition and cash flows.
There are many variables and uncertainties regarding the COVID-19
pandemic, including the emergence, contagiousness and threat of new
and different strains of the virus and their severity; the
effectiveness of treatments or vaccines against the virus or its
new strains; the extent of travel restrictions, business closures
and other measures that are or may be imposed in affected areas or
countries by governmental authorities; disruptions in the supply
chain; an increasingly competitive labor market due to a sustained
labor shortage or increased turnover caused by the COVID-19
pandemic; increased logistics costs; additional costs due to remote
working arrangements, adherence to social distancing guidelines and
other COVID-19-related challenges. Further, there remain increased
risks of cyberattacks on information technology systems used in
remote working environment; increased privacy-related risks due to
processing health-related personal information; absence of
workforce due to illness; the impact of the pandemic on any of our
contractual counterparties; and other factors that are currently
unknown or considered immaterial. It is difficult to assess the
ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial
condition and cash flows.
We derive substantially all of our revenue from Diamondback. If
Diamondback changes its business strategy, alters its current
drilling and development plan on the Acreage Dedications, or
otherwise significantly reduces the volumes of crude oil, produced
water or sourced water with respect to which we perform midstream
services, our revenue would decline and our business, financial
condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability to make
distributions to our common unitholders would be materially and
adversely affected.
We derive substantially all of our revenue from our commercial
agreements with Diamondback, which do not contain minimum volume
commitments, as well as volumes attributable to third-party
interest owners that participate in Diamondback’s operated wells
and are charged under short-term contracts at market sensitive
rates. As a result, we are subject to the operational and business
risks of Diamondback, the most significant of which include the
following: a reduction in or slowing of Diamondback’s drilling and
development plan on the Acreage Dedications; the volatility of
crude oil, natural gas and NGL prices; Diamondback’s costs of
producing crude oil, natural gas and NGLs; the availability of
capital on an economic basis to fund Diamondback’s exploration and
development activities, if needed; drilling and operating risks,
including potential environmental liabilities and litigation
associated with Diamondback’s operations on the Acreage
Dedications; downstream processing and transportation capacity
constraints and interruptions, including the failure of Diamondback
to have sufficient contracted processing or transportation
capacity; and adverse effects of increased or changed governmental
and environmental regulation or enforcement of existing
regulation.
In addition, Diamondback is under no obligation to adopt a business
strategy that is favorable to us. Thus, we are subject to the risk
that Diamondback could cancel its planned development on the
Acreage Dedications, prioritize planned development on acreage
outside of the Acreage Dedications, sell any of the Acreage
Dedications to a third party whose financial condition could be
materially worse than Diamondback’s, breach its commitments with
respect to future dedications or otherwise fail to pay or perform,
including with respect to our commercial agreements. Any material
non-payment or non-performance by Diamondback under our commercial
agreements would have a significant adverse impact on our business,
financial condition, results of operations and cash flow and could
therefore materially adversely affect our ability to make cash
distributions to our common unitholders.
Our commercial agreements with Diamondback provide for temporary or
permanent releases of volumes or acreage from the Acreage
Dedications under certain circumstances. Our commercial agreements
also include provisions that permit Diamondback to suspend, reduce
or terminate its obligations under each agreement if certain events
occur. These events include force majeure events that would prevent
us from performing some or all of the required services under the
applicable agreement. Diamondback has the discretion to make such
decisions notwithstanding the fact that they may significantly and
adversely affect us. Any temporary or permanent release of volumes
or acreage from the Acreage Dedications or reduction, suspension,
or termination of Diamondback’s obligations under our commercial
agreements could materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability
to make cash distributions to our common unitholders.
As of December 31, 2021, we did not have any material
customers other than Diamondback. However, we may in the future
enter into material commercial contracts with other customers. To
the extent we derive substantial income from or commit to capital
projects to service new customers, each of the risks indicated
above would apply to such arrangements and customers.
Our exposure to commodity price risk may change over time and we
cannot guarantee the terms of any existing or future agreements for
our midstream services with our customers.
We currently generate the majority of our revenues pursuant to
fee-based agreements under which we are paid based on volumetric
fees, rather than the underlying value of the commodity.
Consequently, our existing operations and cash flow have little
direct exposure to commodity price risk. However, Diamondback and
our other customers are exposed to commodity price risk, and
extended reduction in commodity prices could reduce the production
volumes available for our midstream services in the future below
expected levels. Although we intend to maintain fee-based pricing
terms on both new contracts and existing contracts for which prices
have not yet been set, our efforts to negotiate such terms may not
be successful, which could have a material adverse effect on our
business.
We may not have sufficient cash to pay any quarterly distribution
on our common units and, regardless of whether we have sufficient
cash, we may choose not to pay any quarterly distribution on our
common units.
We may not generate sufficient cash to support or pay any
distribution to our common unitholders. Furthermore, our
partnership agreement does not require us to pay distributions on a
quarterly basis or otherwise. The amount we will be able to
distribute on our common units will depend on the amount of cash we
receive from the Operating Company, which in turn will principally
depend on the amount of cash the Operating Company generates from
our operations, which will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based
on, among other things: market prices of crude oil, natural gas and
NGLs and their effect on Diamondback’s drilling and development
plan on the Acreage Dedications and the volumes of hydrocarbons and
water that are produced on the Acreage Dedications and for which we
provide midstream services; Diamondback’s and our other customers’
ability to fund their drilling and development plan on the Acreage
Dedications; downstream processing and transportation capacity
constraints and interruptions; the levels of our operating
expenses, maintenance expenses and general and administrative
expenses; regulatory action affecting the supply of, or demand for,
crude oil, natural gas, NGLs and water; regulatory action affecting
our operating costs and the rates we can charge for our midstream
services, including the rates that EPIC, Gray Oak, Wink to Webster,
BANGL, WTG Midstream and OMOG can charge for their transportation,
gathering, processing and terminal services, as applicable;
prevailing economic conditions; and adverse weather
conditions.
In addition, the actual amount of cash we have available for
distribution depends on other factors, some of which are beyond our
control, including: the level and timing of our capital
expenditures, including capital calls associated with any
investment we make in our joint ventures; our debt service
requirements and other liabilities; our ability to borrow under our
debt agreements to fund our capital expenditures and operating
expenditures and to pay distributions; fluctuations in our working
capital needs; restrictions on distributions contained in any of
our debt agreements; the cost of acquisitions, if any; the fees and
expenses of our General Partner and its affiliates (including
Diamondback) that we are required to reimburse; the amount of cash
reserves established by our General Partner; our cash flow; and
other business risks affecting our cash levels.
The board of directors of our General Partner may modify or revoke
our cash distribution policy at any time at its discretion. Our
partnership agreement does not require us to make any distributions
on our common units at all.
The board of directors of our General Partner may change our cash
distribution policy at any time at its discretion and could elect
not to pay distributions on our common units for one or more
quarters. Any modification or revocation of our cash distribution
policy could substantially reduce or eliminate the amounts of
distributions to our common unitholders. The amount of
distributions we make, if any, and the decision to make any
distribution at all will be determined by the board of directors of
our General Partner, whose interests may differ from those of our
common unitholders. Our General Partner has limited duties to our
common unitholders, which may permit it to favor its own interests
or the interests of Diamondback to the detriment of our common
unitholders. For information regarding our distribution policy and
the recent modifications, see “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations”
included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
We own interests in certain pipeline projects and other joint
ventures, and we may in the future enter into additional joint
ventures, and our control of such entities is limited by provisions
of the limited partnership and limited liability company agreements
of such entities and by our percentage ownership in such
entities.
We have ownership interests in several joint ventures, including
the EPIC, Gray Oak, Wink to Webster, BANGL, WTG and OMOG joint
ventures, and we may enter into other joint venture arrangements in
the future. While we own equity interests and have certain voting
rights with respect to our joint ventures, we do not act as
operator of or control our joint ventures (including our 60%
interest in the OMOG joint venture), each of which is operated by
another joint venture partner. We have limited ability to influence
the business decisions of these entities, and it may therefore be
difficult or impossible for us to cause the joint venture to take
actions that we believe would be in our or the relevant joint
venture’s best interests. Moreover, joint venture arrangements
involve various risks and uncertainties, such as committing us to
fund operating and/or capital expenditures, the timing and amount
of which we may not control, and which could adversely affect our
ability to make distributions to our common unitholders. In
addition, our joint venture partners may not satisfy their
financial obligations to the joint venture and may have economic,
business or legal interests or goals that are inconsistent with
ours, or those of the joint venture.
Certain of these joint ventures have incurred substantial debt and
servicing such debt or complying with debt covenants may limit the
ability of the joint ventures to make distributions to us and the
other joint venture partners. These joint ventures also have
internal control environments independent of our oversight and
review. If our joint venture partners have control deficiencies in
their accounting or financial reporting environments, it may result
in inaccuracies in the reporting for our percentage of the
financial results for the joint venture, which may result in
material misstatements in our reported consolidated financial
results that could result in the need to restate and reissue
previously issued consolidated financials filed with the
SEC.
We are also unable to control the amount of cash we receive from
the operation of these entities, which affects our ability to make
distributions to our common unitholders. Joint venture arrangements
may also restrict our operational and organizational flexibility
and our ability to manage risk, which could have a material and
adverse effect on our business, cash flow and results of
operations.
Any impairment of our long -lived assets or equity method
investments will reduce our earnings and could negatively impact
the value of our common units.
Consistent with GAAP, we evaluate our long-lived assets and equity
method investments whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. For our
equity method investments, the impairment test requires us to
consider whether the fair value of the investment, not just that of
the underlying net assets, has declined and whether that decline is
other than temporary. If we determine that an other than temporary
impairment is indicated, we are required to record a non-cash
charge to earnings with a corresponding reduction in the carrying
value of the investment.
Acreage Dedications may be lost as a result of title defects in the
properties in which Diamondback invests.
When acquiring oil and natural gas leases, Diamondback may not
elect to incur the expense of retaining lawyers to examine the
title to the mineral interest. Rather, Diamondback may rely upon
the judgment of oil and gas lease brokers or landmen who perform
the fieldwork in examining records in the appropriate governmental
office before attempting to acquire a lease in a specific mineral
interest. The existence of a material title deficiency can render a
lease worthless. If Diamondback fails to cure any title defects, it
may be delayed or prevented from utilizing the associated mineral
interest which could result in a decrease in the volumes on our
systems and an associated decrease in our revenues.
We may not own in fee the land on which our pipelines and
facilities are located, which could result in disruptions to our
operations.
The majority of the land on which our midstream systems have been
constructed is owned by third parties or held by surface use
agreements, rights-of-way, surface leases or other easement rights,
which may limit or restrict our rights or access to or use of the
surface estates. Accommodating these competing rights of the
surface owners may adversely affect our operations. In addition, we
are subject to the possibility of more onerous terms or increased
costs to retain necessary land use if we do not have valid
rights-of-way, surface leases or other easement rights or if such
usage rights lapse or terminate. We may obtain the rights to
construct and operate our pipelines on land owned by third parties
and governmental agencies for a specific period of time. Our loss
of these rights, through our inability to renew rights-of-way,
surface leases or other easement rights or otherwise, could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
results of operations, cash flow and ability to make cash
distributions.
Our midstream assets are currently located exclusively in the
Permian Basin in Texas, making us vulnerable to risks associated
with operating in a single geographic area.
Our midstream assets are currently located exclusively in the
Permian Basin in Texas. As a result of this concentration, we are
disproportionately exposed to the impact of regional supply and
demand factors, delays or interruptions of production from wells in
this area caused by governmental regulation, market limitations,
water shortages or restrictions, drought related conditions or
other weather-related conditions, such as the severe winter storms
in the Permian Basin in February 2021, or interruption of the
processing or transportation of crude oil and water. If any of
these factors were to impact the Permian Basin more than other
producing regions, our business, financial condition, results of
operations and ability to make cash distributions could be
adversely affected relative to other midstream companies that have
a more geographically diversified asset portfolio.
Oil and natural gas producers’ operations, especially those using
hydraulic fracturing, are substantially dependent on the
availability of water. Restrictions on our ability to obtain water
could reduce demand for our water services, which could have an
adverse effect on our cash flow.
Water is an essential component of oil and natural gas production
during both the drilling and hydraulic fracturing processes.
However, the availability of suitable water supplies may be limited
by prolonged drought conditions and changing laws and regulations
relating to water use and conservation. For example, in recent
years, Texas has experienced extreme drought conditions. As a
result of this severe drought, some local water districts have
begun restricting the use of water subject to their jurisdiction
for hydraulic fracturing to protect local water supply. A reduction
in the availability of water could impact the water services we
provide and, as a result, our financial condition, results of
operations and cash available for distribution could be adversely
affected.
If third-party pipelines or other facilities interconnected, or
expected to be interconnected, to our midstream systems become
partially or fully unavailable, or if the volumes we gather or
treat do not meet the quality requirements of such pipelines or
facilities, our business, financial condition, results of
operations, cash flow and ability to make distributions to our
common unitholders could be adversely affected.
We depend upon third-party pipelines and associated operations to
provide delivery options from our pipelines. Because we do not
control these pipelines and associated operations, their continuing
operation is not within our control. If any pipeline were to become
unavailable for current or future volumes of crude oil or refined
products due to repairs, damage to the facility, lack of capacity,
shut in by regulators or any other reason, or if the volumes we
gather or transport do not meet the quality requirements of such
pipelines or facilities, our business, financial condition, results
of operations, cash flow and ability to make distributions to our
common unitholders could be adversely affected.
Increased competition from other companies that provide midstream
services, or from alternative fuel sources, could have a negative
impact on the demand for our services, which could adversely affect
our financial results.
Our systems compete for third party customers primarily with other
crude oil and natural gas gathering systems and sourced and
produced water service providers. Some of our competitors have
greater financial resources and may now, or in the future, have
access to greater supplies of crude oil, natural gas and sourced
water than we do. Some of these competitors may expand or construct
gathering systems that would create additional competition for the
services we would provide to third party customers. In addition,
potential third party customers may develop their own gathering
systems instead of using ours. Moreover, Diamondback and its
affiliates are not limited in their ability to compete with us,
except with respect to the Acreage Dedications contained in our
commercial agreements. Further, hydrocarbon fuels compete with
other forms of energy available to end-users, including electricity
and coal. Increased demand for such other forms of energy at the
expense of hydrocarbons could lead to a reduction in demand for our
services. All of these competitive pressures could make it more
difficult for us to attract new customers as we seek to expand our
business, which could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to
make quarterly cash distributions to our common
unitholders.
Our construction of new midstream assets or the acquisitions of
assets or businesses may not result in revenue increases and may be
subject to regulatory, environmental, political, contractual, legal
and economic risks, which could adversely affect our cash flow,
results of operations and financial condition and, as a result, our
ability to distribute cash to unitholders.
The construction of additions or modifications to our existing
systems and the expansion into new production areas to service
Diamondback involve numerous regulatory, environmental, political,
contractual, legal and economic uncertainties beyond our control.
For instance, we may not be able to construct in certain locations
due to setback requirements, expand certain facilities that are
deemed to be part of a single source or aggregate crude oil and
natural gas production facility emissions according to permitting
requirements. As a result, we may not be able to complete such
projects on schedule, at the budgeted cost or at all. Similarly, if
we build additional gathering assets, the construction may occur
over an extended period of time or occur in an area where
anticipated growth does not materialize. In either case, we may not
receive any material increases in revenues or achieve our expected
investment return. Further the construction of additions to our
existing assets may require us to obtain new rights-of-way, surface
use agreements or other real estate agreements prior to
constructing new pipelines or facilities. We may be unable to
timely obtain such rights-of-way to connect new crude oil and water
sources to our existing infrastructure, obtain them in a
cost-efficient manner or capitalize on other attractive expansion
opportunities.
Acquisitions of assets or businesses may require the expenditure of
significant amounts of capital and involve potential risks that may
disrupt our business, including the following, among other things:
mistaken assumptions about volumes or the timing of those volumes,
revenues or costs, including synergies; an inability to
successfully integrate the acquired assets or businesses; the
assumption of unknown liabilities, including exposure to potential
lawsuits; limitations on rights to indemnity from the seller; the
diversion of management’s and employees’ attention from other
business concerns; unforeseen difficulties operating in new
geographic areas; and customer or key employee losses at the
acquired businesses.
We, Diamondback or any third party customers may incur significant
liability under, or costs and expenditures to comply with, a broad
range of federal, state and local regulations, including those
relating to environmental, commerce, transportation and health and
safety matters, which are complex and subject to frequent
change.
We are subject to regulation by multiple governmental agencies,
which could adversely impact our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
As an owner and operator of gathering systems, we are directly or
indirectly subject to regulation by multiple federal, state and
local governmental agencies. Risks and uncertainties related to
such regulation include:
•The
historic trend of more expansive and stricter environmental laws
and regulations, including those related to GHGs and climate
change, air quality, water quality, the storage, treatment and
disposal of waste, including produced water, protection of
endangered or threatened species, and the remediation of
contaminated soil and groundwater, may continue in the long-term
potentially resulting in increased costs of doing
business;
•The
rates charged for gathering service over our regulated crude oil
assets are subject to review and reporting by FERC and the RRC,
which could adversely affect our revenues;
•A
change by FERC in policy or the jurisdictional characterization of
some of our assets may result in increased regulation of our
assets, which may cause our operating expenses to increase, limit
the rates we charge for certain services and decrease the amount of
cash we have available for distribution;
•Federal
and state legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to
pipeline safety that require the use of new or more stringent
safety controls or result in more stringent enforcement of
applicable legal requirements could subject us to increased capital
costs, operational delays and costs of operation;
•Increased
regulation of hydraulic fracturing could result in reductions or
delays in crude oil and natural gas production by Diamondback and
our other customers, which could reduce the throughput on our
gathering and other midstream systems, which could adversely impact
our revenues;
•Federal
and state legislative and regulatory initiatives intended to
address seismic activity could restrict our ability to dispose of
produced water gathered from Diamondback and our other customers,
which could have a material adverse effect on our
business;
•Climate
change laws and regulations restricting emissions of GHGs could
result in increased operating costs and reduced demand for the
crude oil that we gather while potential physical effects of
climate change could disrupt Diamondback’s and our other customers’
production and cause us to incur significant costs in preparing for
or responding to those effects; and
•Certain
plant or animal species are or could be designated as endangered or
threatened, which could have a material impact on our and
Diamondback’s operations.
Proposals and proceedings that affect the midstream industry are
regularly considered by Congress, as well as by state legislatures
and federal and state regulatory commissions, agencies and courts.
We cannot predict when or whether any such proposals or proceedings
may become effective or the magnitude of the impact changes in laws
and regulations may have on our business. However, additions to the
regulatory burden on our industry can increase our cost of doing
business and adversely impact our business, financial condition,
results of operations and cash available for distributions. See
“Items 1
and 2. Business and Properties-Regulation”
included elsewhere in this Annual Report for a description of
certain laws and regulations that affect or could affect our
operations.
Changes in environmental laws could increase our or our operators’
costs and adversely impact our business, financial condition and
cash flows.
President Biden has indicated that he is supportive of, and has
issued executive orders promoting various programs and initiatives
designed to, among other things, curtail climate change, control
the release of methane from new and existing oil and natural gas
operations, and decarbonize electric generation and the
transportation sector. It remains unclear what additional actions
President Biden will take and what support he will have for any
potential legislative changes from Congress. Further,
it
is uncertain to what extent any new environmental laws or
regulations, or any repeal of existing environmental laws or
regulations, may affect our or our operators’ business. However,
such actions could significantly increase our operators’ costs or
impair their ability to explore and develop other projects, which
could adversely impact our business, financial condition and cash
flows.
Our business involves many hazards and operational risks, some of
which may not be fully covered by insurance. The occurrence of a
significant accident or other event that is not fully insured could
curtail our operations and have a material adverse effect on our
ability to make cash distributions and, accordingly, the market
price for our common units.
Our operations are subject to all of the hazards inherent in the
gathering of crude oil and produced water and the delivery and
storage of sourced water, including: damage to pipelines,
centralized gathering facilities, pump stations, related equipment
and surrounding properties caused by design, installation,
construction materials or operational flaws, natural disasters,
acts of terrorism or acts of third parties; leaks of crude oil or
NGLs or losses of crude oil or NGLs as a result of the malfunction
of, or other disruptions associated with, equipment or facilities;
fires, ruptures and explosions; and other hazards that could also
result in personal injury and loss of life, pollution and
suspension of operations. Any of these risks could adversely affect
our ability to conduct operations or result in substantial loss to
us as a result of claims for; injury or loss of life; damage to and
destruction of property, natural resources and equipment; pollution
and other environmental damage; regulatory investigations and
penalties; suspension of our operations; and repair and remediation
costs.
We may elect not to obtain insurance for any or all of these risks
if we believe that the cost of available insurance is excessive
relative to the risks presented. In addition, pollution and
environmental risks generally are not fully insurable. The
occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability to make
cash distributions.
A shortage of equipment and skilled labor could reduce equipment
availability and labor productivity and increase labor and
equipment costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our
business and results of operations.
Our gathering and other midstream services require special
equipment and laborers who are skilled in multiple disciplines,
such as equipment operators, mechanics and engineers, among others.
If we experience shortages of necessary equipment or skilled labor
in the future, our labor and equipment costs could increase and our
business and results of operations could be materially and
adversely affected.
The loss of key personnel could adversely affect our ability to
operate.
We depend on the services of a relatively small group of
individuals, all of whom are employees of Diamondback and provide
services to us pursuant to the services and secondment agreement.
We do not maintain, nor do we plan to obtain, any insurance against
the loss of any of these individuals. The loss of the services of
these individuals who represent all of our General Partner’s senior
management could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and ability
to make cash distributions.
Neither we, the Operating Company nor our General Partner has any
employees, and we rely solely on the employees of Diamondback to
manage our business. The management team of Diamondback, which
includes the individuals who manage us, also perform similar
services for Diamondback and certain of its affiliates, and thus
are not solely focused on our business.
Neither we, the Holding Company, the Operating Company nor our
General Partner has any employees, and we rely solely on
Diamondback to operate our assets and perform other management,
administrative and operating services for us and our General
Partner. Because Diamondback provides services to us that are
similar to those performed for itself and its affiliates,
Diamondback may not have sufficient human, technical and other
resources to provide those services at a level it would otherwise
provide to us if it were solely focused on our business and
operations. Diamondback may make internal decisions on how to
allocate its available resources and expertise that may not always
be in our best interest compared to Diamondback’s interests. There
is no requirement that Diamondback favor us over itself or others
in providing its services. If the employees of Diamondback and
their affiliates do not devote sufficient attention to the
management and operation of our business, our financial results may
suffer and our ability to make distributions to our common
unitholders may be reduced.
In the future we may face increased obligations relating to the
closing of our produced water facilities and may be required to
provide an increased level of financial assurance to guaranty the
appropriate closure activities occur for a produced water
facility.
Obtaining a permit to own or operate produced water facilities
generally requires us to establish performance bonds, letters of
credit or other forms of financial assurance to
address clean-up and closure obligations. As we acquire
additional produced water facilities or expand our existing
produced water facilities, these obligations will increase.
Additionally, in the future, regulatory agencies may require us to
increase the amount of our closure bonds at existing produced water
facilities. We have accrued approximately $17.0 million on our
balance sheet related to our future closure obligations of our
produced water facilities and oil gathering systems as of
December 31, 2021. However, actual costs could exceed our
current expectations, as a result of, among other things, federal,
state or local government regulatory action, increased costs
charged by service providers that assist in closing produced water
facilities and additional environmental remediation requirements.
The obligation to satisfy increased regulatory requirements
associated with our produced water facilities could result in an
increase of our operating costs and affect our ability to make
distributions to our common unitholders.
Our operations depend heavily on electrical power, internet and
telecommunication infrastructure and information and computer
systems. If any of these systems are compromised or unavailable,
our business could be adversely affected.
We are heavily dependent on electrical power, internet and
telecommunications infrastructure and our information systems and
computer-based programs, including our well operations information,
seismic data, electronic data processing and accounting data. If
any of such infrastructure, systems or programs were to fail or
become unavailable or compromised, or create erroneous information
in our hardware or software network infrastructure, our ability to
safely and effectively operate our business will be limited and any
such consequence could have a material adverse effect on our
business.
A terrorist attack or armed conflict could harm our
business.
Terrorist activities, anti-terrorist efforts and other armed
conflicts involving the United States or other countries may
adversely affect the United States and global economies and could
prevent us from meeting our financial and other obligations. If any
of these events occur, the resulting political instability and
societal disruption could reduce overall demand for crude oil and
natural gas, potentially putting downward pressure on demand for
our services and causing a reduction in our revenues. Crude oil and
natural gas related facilities could be direct targets of terrorist
attacks, and our operations could be adversely impacted if
infrastructure integral to our operations is destroyed or damaged.
Costs for insurance and other security may increase as a result of
these threats, and some insurance coverage may become more
difficult to obtain, if available at all.
A cyber incident could result in information theft, data
corruption, operational disruption and/or financial
loss.
The oil and natural gas industry has become increasingly dependent
on digital technologies to conduct day-to-day operations including
certain midstream activities. We depend on digital technology,
including information systems and related infrastructure as well as
cloud applications and services, to manage gathering and
transportation systems, process and record financial and operating
data and to communicate with the employees of Diamondback and our
business service providers. The technologies needed to conduct
midstream activities make certain information the target of theft
or misappropriation. As dependence on digital technologies has
increased, cyber incidents, including deliberate attacks or
unintentional events, also has increased. A cyber incident
involving our information systems and related infrastructure, or
that of our business service providers, could disrupt our business
plans and negatively impact our operations. Our implementation of
various controls and processes, including globally incorporating a
risk-based cyber security framework, to monitor and mitigate
security threats and to increase security for our information,
facilities and infrastructure is costly and labor intensive.
Moreover, there can be no assurance that such measures will be
sufficient to prevent security breaches from occurring. As cyber
threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend
significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance
our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any
information security vulnerabilities. We maintain specialized
insurance for possible liability resulting from a cyberattack on
our assets, however, we cannot assure you that the insurance
coverage will be adequate to cover claims that may arise, or that
we will be able to maintain adequate insurance at rates we consider
reasonable. A loss not fully covered by insurance could have a
material adverse effect on our financial position, results of
operations and cash flows.
If we are deemed an “investment company” under the Investment
Company Act of 1940, it could have a material adverse effect on our
business and the price of our common units.
Our assets include interests in certain pipeline projects and other
joint ventures. If a sufficient amount of our assets, such as our
ownership interests in other midstream ventures, now owned or in
the future acquired, are deemed to be “investment securities”
within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, we may
have to register as an “investment company” under the Investment
Company Act, claim an exemption, obtain exemptive relief from the
SEC or modify our organizational structure or our contract rights.
Registering as an “investment company” could, among other things,
materially limit our ability to engage in transactions with
affiliates, including the purchase and sale of certain securities
or other property to or from our affiliates, restrict our ability
to borrow funds or engage in other transactions involving leverage,
and require us to add additional directors who are independent of
us or our affiliates. The occurrence of some of these events would
adversely affect the price of our common units and could have a
material adverse effect on our business.
Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
We have in the past incurred, and we expect in the future to
continue to incur, borrowings under the Operating Company’s
revolving credit facility. Unless we are able to repay borrowings
under the revolving credit facility with cash flow from operations
or other sources, including proceeds from equity and debt
offerings, implementing our capital programs may require an
increase in our total leverage through additional debt issuances.
In addition, a reduction in availability under the revolving credit
facility and the inability to otherwise obtain financing for our
capital programs could require us to curtail our capital
expenditures.
As a result of our cash distribution policy, we have limited cash
available to reinvest in our business or to fund acquisitions and
have historically relied on availability under the Operating
Company’s revolving credit facility to fund a portion of our
capital expenditures and for other purposes. We expect that we will
continue to fund a portion of our capital expenditures and other
needs with borrowings under the revolving credit facility and from
the proceeds of debt and equity offerings. In the past, we have
created availability under the revolving credit facility by
repaying outstanding borrowings with the proceeds from equity and
debt offerings. We cannot assure you that we will choose to or be
able to access the capital markets to repay any such future
borrowings. If the availability under the revolving credit facility
were reduced, and we were otherwise unable to secure other sources
of financing, we may be required to curtail our capital
expenditures, which could result in an inability to complete
acquisitions or finance the capital expenditures necessary to
replace our reserves.
Restrictive covenants in the Operating Company’s revolving credit
facility, the indenture governing the Notes and future debt
instruments may limit our ability to respond to changes in market
conditions or pursue business opportunities.
The Operating Company’s revolving credit facility and the indenture
governing our outstanding Notes contain, and the terms of any
future indebtedness may contain, restrictive covenants that limit
our and the Operating Company’s ability to, among other things:
incur or guarantee additional debt; redeem or repurchase units or
make distributions under certain circumstances; make certain
investments and acquisitions; incur certain liens or permit them to
exist; issue redeemable equity; voluntarily redeem or prepay debt,
including the Notes; enter into certain types of transactions with
affiliates; designate certain of our subsidiaries as unrestricted
subsidiaries; create unrestricted subsidiaries; sell or discount
receivables; merge or consolidate with another company; and
transfer, sell or otherwise dispose of assets.
We may be prevented from taking advantage of business opportunities
that arise because of the limitations imposed on us and the
Operating Company by the restrictive covenants contained in the
revolving credit facility and the indenture that governs the Notes.
In addition, the revolving credit facility requires us to maintain
certain financial ratios and tests. The requirement that we comply
with these provisions may materially adversely affect our ability
to react to changes in market conditions, take advantage of
business opportunities we believe to be desirable, obtain future
financing, fund needed capital expenditures or withstand a
continuing or future downturn in our business.
Our and the Operating Company’s future ability to comply with these
restrictions and covenants is uncertain and will be affected by the
levels of cash flow from our operations and other events or
circumstances beyond our control. If market or other economic
conditions deteriorate, our ability to comply with these covenants
may be impaired. A breach of any of these restrictive covenants
could result in default under the revolving credit facility. If a
default occurs, the lenders under the revolving credit facility may
elect to declare all borrowings outstanding, together with accrued
interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable, which
would result in an event of default under the indenture governing
the Notes. The lenders will also have the right in these
circumstances to terminate any commitments they have to provide
further borrowings. If we and the Operating Company are unable to
repay outstanding borrowings when due, the lenders under the
revolving credit facility will also have the right to proceed
against the collateral granted to them to secure the indebtedness.
If the indebtedness
under the revolving credit facility and the Notes were to be
accelerated, we cannot assure you that our assets would be
sufficient to repay in full that indebtedness.
Servicing our indebtedness requires a significant amount of cash,
and we may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to pay
our substantial indebtedness.
Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay
interest on or to refinance our indebtedness depends on our future
performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive
and other factors beyond our control. We are dependent on cash flow
generated by the Operating Company to repay the Notes. The
Operating Company’s business may not generate cash flow from
operations in the future sufficient to service our debt and make
necessary capital expenditures. If the Operating Company is unable
to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more
alternatives, such as reducing or delaying capital expenditures,
selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional capital
on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. However, we cannot
assure you that undertaking alternative financing plans, if
necessary, would allow us to meet our debt obligations. In the
absence of such cash flows, we could have substantial liquidity
problems and might be required to sell material assets or
operations to attempt to meet our debt service and other
obligations. The Operating Company’s revolving credit facility and
the indenture governing our outstanding Notes restrict our ability
to use the proceeds from asset sales. We may not be able to
consummate those asset sales to raise capital or sell assets at
prices that we believe are fair, and proceeds that we do receive
may not be adequate to meet any debt service obligations then due.
Our ability to refinance our indebtedness will depend on the
capital markets and our financial condition at the time. We may not
be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these
activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on
our debt obligations and have an adverse effect on our financial
condition.
If we experience liquidity concerns, we could face a downgrade in
our debt ratings which could restrict our access to, and negatively
impact the terms of, current or future financings or trade
credit.
Our ability to obtain financings and trade credit and the terms of
any financings or trade credit is, in part, dependent on the credit
ratings assigned to our debt by independent credit rating agencies.
We cannot provide assurance that any of our current ratings will
remain in effect for any given period of time or that a rating will
not be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency if, in its
judgment, circumstances so warrant. Factors that may impact our
credit ratings include debt levels, planned asset purchases or
sales, liquidity, asset quality and cost structure. A ratings
downgrade could adversely impact our ability to access financings
or trade credit and increase our or the Operating Company’s
borrowing costs.
Increases in interest rates could adversely affect our
business.
The terms of the Operating Company’s credit agreement provide for
interest at a per annum rate that is based on the prime rate or
LIBOR, in each case plus an applicable margin. LIBOR tends to
fluctuate based on multiple facts, including general short-term
interest rates, rates set by the U.S. Federal Reserve, which has
indicated plans for multiple rate increases in 2022, and other
central banks, the supply of and demand for credit in the London
interbank market and general economic conditions. We have not
hedged our interest rate exposure with respect to our floating rate
debt. Accordingly, our interest expense for any particular period
will fluctuate based on LIBOR and other variable interest. If
interest rates increase, our results of operations, cash flow and
financial condition and, as a result, our ability to make cash
distributions to our common unitholders, could be materially
adversely affected by significant increases in interest
rates.
On July 27, 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the
authority that regulates LIBOR), which we refer to as the FCA,
announced that it intends to stop compelling banks to submit rates
for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. On March 5, 2021, the ICE
Benchmark Administration, which administers LIBOR, and the FCA
announced that all LIBOR settings will either cease to be provided
by any administrator, or no longer be representative immediately
after 2021, for all non-U.S. dollar LIBOR settings and one-week and
two-month U.S. dollar LIBOR settings, and immediately after June
30, 2023 for the remaining U.S. dollar LIBOR settings. In light of
these announcements, the future of LIBOR at this time is uncertain
and any changes in the methods by which LIBOR is determined or
regulatory activity related to LIBOR’s phase-out could cause LIBOR
to perform differently than in the past or cease to exist. Our
current credit agreement provides for any changes away from LIBOR
to a successor rate to be based on prevailing or equivalent
standards, however, changes in the method of calculating LIBOR, or
the discontinuation, reform, or replacement of LIBOR or any other
benchmark rates may adversely affect interest rates and result in
higher borrowing costs. This could materially and adversely affect
our results of operations, cash flow and liquidity.
Risks Inherent in an Investment in Us
Diamondback owns and controls our General Partner, which has sole
responsibility for conducting our business and managing our
operations. Our General Partner and its affiliates, including
Diamondback, have conflicts of interest with us and limited duties,
and they may favor their own interests to the detriment of us and
our common unitholders.
Diamondback owns and controls our General Partner and appoints all
of the directors of our General Partner. All of the executive
officers and certain of the directors of our General Partner are
also officers and/or directors of Diamondback. Although our General
Partner has a duty to manage us in a manner that it believes is not
adverse to our interest, the executive officers and directors of
our General Partner have a fiduciary duty to manage our General
Partner in a manner that is in the best interests of Diamondback.
Therefore, conflicts of interest may arise between Diamondback or
any of its affiliates, including our General Partner, on the one
hand, and us and/or any of our common unitholders, on the other
hand. In resolving these conflicts of interest, our General Partner
may favor its own interests and the interests of its affiliates
over the interests of our common unitholders. These conflicts
include the following situations, among others:
•our
General Partner is allowed to take into account the interests of
parties other than us, such as Diamondback, in exercising certain
rights under our partnership agreement;
•Diamondback
and other affiliates of our General Partner may compete with us
as
neither our partnership agreement nor any other agreement requires
Diamondback to pursue a business strategy that favors
us;
•our
partnership agreement replaces the fiduciary duties that would
otherwise be owed by our General Partner with contractual standards
governing its duties;
•our
partnership agreement limits our General Partner’s liabilities and
restricts the remedies available to holders of our common units for
actions taken by our General Partner that might otherwise
constitute breaches of fiduciary duty;
•except
in limited circumstances, our General Partner has the power and
authority to conduct our business without unitholder
approval;
•our
General Partner determines the amount and timing of asset purchases
and sales, borrowings, issuances of additional partnership
securities and the level of cash reserves, each of which can affect
the amount of cash that is distributed to our common
unitholders;
•cost
reimbursements, which are determined in our General Partner’s sole
discretion, and fees due our General Partner and its affiliates for
services provided may be substantial and will reduce the amount of
cash we have available for distribution to our common
unitholders;
•contracts
between us, on the one hand, and our General Partner and its
affiliates, on the other hand, will not be the result of
arm’s-length negotiations;
•our
partnership agreement does not restrict our General Partner from
causing us to pay it or its affiliates for any services rendered to
us or entering into additional contractual arrangements with its
affiliates on our behalf;
•our
General Partner intends to limit its liability regarding our
contractual and other obligations;
•common
unitholders have no right to enforce the obligations of our General
Partner and its affiliates under agreements with us;
and
•our
General Partner decides whether to retain separate counsel,
accountants or others to perform services for us.
By purchasing a common unit, a unitholder is treated as having
consented to the provisions in our partnership agreement, including
being subject to the risks discussed above.
Our General Partner may exercise its right to call and purchase
common units if it and its affiliates own more than 80% of the
common units and Class B units, taken together and such right may
be exercised at an undesirable time or price.
If at any time our General Partner and its affiliates own more than
80% of our common units, our General Partner will have the right,
which it may assign to any of its affiliates or to us, but not the
obligation, to acquire all, but not less than all, of the common
units held by unaffiliated persons at a price equal to the greater
of (i) the average of the daily closing price of our common units
over the 20 consecutive trading days preceding the date three days
before notice of exercise of the call right is first mailed and
(ii) the highest per-unit price paid by our General Partner or any
of its affiliates for common units during the 90-day period
preceding the date such notice is first mailed. As a result,
unitholders may be required to sell their common units at an
undesirable time or price and may not receive any return or a
negative return on their investment. Unitholders may also incur a
tax liability upon a sale of their units. Our General Partner is
not obligated to obtain a fairness opinion regarding the value of
the common units to be repurchased by it upon exercise of the
limited call right. There is no restriction in our partnership
agreement that prevents our General Partner from causing us to
issue additional common units and then exercising
its call right. If our General Partner exercised its limited call
right, the effect would be to take us private and, if the units
were subsequently deregistered, we would no longer be subject to
the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and our common units
will no longer be listed or traded on the Nasdaq Global Select
Market. As of February 18, 2022, Diamondback owned all of our
107,815,152 outstanding Class B units, together with the same
number of Operating Company units, which are exchangeable from time
to time, at Diamondback’s discretion, for common units. Such units
represent approximately 74% of our total units
outstanding.
Holders of our common units have limited voting rights and are not
entitled to elect our General Partner or its directors, or remove
our General Partner without its consent, even if they are
dissatisfied.
Unlike the holders of common stock in a corporation, common
unitholders have only limited voting rights on matters affecting
our business and, therefore, limited ability to influence
management’s decisions regarding our business. Common unitholders
have no right on an annual or ongoing basis to elect our General
Partner or its board of directors. The board of directors of our
General Partner, including the independent directors, is chosen
entirely by Diamondback, as a result of it owning our General
Partner, and not by our common unitholders. Unlike publicly traded
corporations, we do not conduct annual meetings of our common
unitholders to elect directors or conduct other matters routinely
conducted at annual meetings of stockholders of corporations. As a
result of these limitations, the price at which our common units
trade could be diminished because of the absence or reduction of a
takeover premium in the trading price.
If our common unitholders are dissatisfied with the performance of
our General Partner, they have limited ability to remove our
General Partner. The vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of all
outstanding units, including any units owned by our General Partner
and its affiliates, voting as a single class, is required to remove
our General Partner. In addition, any vote to remove our General
Partner must provide for the election of a successor general
partner by the holders of a majority of the outstanding units,
voting together as a single class. As of December 31, 2021,
Diamondback owned all of our 107,815,152 outstanding
Class B units representing 74% of our total units
outstanding. This gives Diamondback the ability to prevent the
removal of our General Partner.
Furthermore, common unitholders’ voting rights are further
restricted by our partnership agreement provision providing that
any units held by a person or group that owns 20% or more of any
class of units then outstanding, other than our General Partner,
its affiliates, their transferees, and persons who acquired such
units with the prior approval of the board of directors of our
General Partner, cannot vote on any matter.
Our partnership agreement also contains provisions limiting the
ability of common unitholders to call meetings or to acquire
information about our operations, as well as other provisions
limiting the unitholders’ ability to influence the manner or
direction of our management.
Our General Partner interest or the control of our General Partner
may be transferred to a third party without unitholder
consent.
Our General Partner may transfer its general partner interest to a
third party without the consent of our unitholders. Furthermore,
our partnership agreement does not restrict the ability of the
owner of our General Partner to transfer its membership interests
in our General Partner to a third party. After any such transfer,
the new member or members of our General Partner would then be in a
position to replace the board of directors and the executive
officers of our General Partner with its own designees and thereby
exert significant control over the decisions taken by the board of
directors and the executive officers of our General Partner. This
effectively permits a “change of control” without the vote or
consent of the common unitholders.
Common unitholders may have liability to repay distributions and in
certain circumstances may be personally liable for our
obligations.
Under certain circumstances, common unitholders may have to repay
amounts wrongfully returned or distributed to them. Under
Section 17-607 of the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited
Partnership Act, or the Delaware Act, we may not make a
distribution to our common unitholders if the distribution would
cause our liabilities to exceed the fair value of our assets.
Delaware law provides that for a period of three years from the
date of any impermissible distribution, limited partners who
received the distribution and who knew at the time of the
distribution that it violated Delaware law will be liable to the
limited partnership for the distribution amount. Liabilities to
partners on account of their partnership interests and liabilities
that are non-recourse to us are not counted for purposes of
determining whether a distribution is permitted.
A limited partner that participates in the control of our business
within the meaning of the Delaware Act may be held personally
liable for our obligations under the laws of Delaware, to the same
extent as our General Partner. This liability would extend to
persons who transact business with us under the reasonable belief
that the limited partner is a general partner. Neither our
partnership agreement nor the Delaware Act specifically provides
for legal recourse against our General Partner if a limited partner
were to lose limited liability through any fault of our General
Partner.
We may issue additional common units and other equity interests
without unitholder approval, which would dilute existing unitholder
ownership interests.
Under our partnership agreement, we are authorized to issue an
unlimited number of additional interests, including common units,
without a vote of the unitholders. The issuance by us of additional
common units or other equity interests of equal or senior rank will
have the following effects: the proportionate ownership interest of
common unitholders in us immediately prior to the issuance will
decrease; the amount of cash distributions on each common unit may
decrease; the relative voting strength of each previously
outstanding common unit may be diminished; and the market price of
the common units may decline. The issuance by us of an additional
general partner interest may have the following effects, among
others, if such general partner interest is issued to a person who
is not an affiliate of Diamondback: management of our business may
no longer reside solely with our current General Partner; and
affiliates of the newly admitted general partner may compete with
us, and neither that general partner nor such affiliates will have
any obligation to present business opportunities to
us.
Our partnership agreement does not limit our ability to issue units
ranking senior to the common units.
In accordance with Delaware law and the provisions of our
partnership agreement, we may issue additional partnership
interests that are senior to the common units in right of
distribution, liquidation and voting. The issuance by us of units
of senior rank may (i) reduce or eliminate the amount of cash
available for distribution to our common unitholders;
(ii) diminish the relative voting strength of the total common
units outstanding as a class; or (iii) subordinate the claims
of the common unitholders to our assets in the event of our
liquidation.
Our partnership agreement includes exclusive forum, venue and
jurisdiction provisions. By purchasing a common unit, a limited
partner is irrevocably consenting to these provisions regarding
claims, suits, actions or proceedings and submitting to the
exclusive jurisdiction of Delaware courts. Our partnership
agreement also provides that any unitholder bringing an
unsuccessful action will be obligated to reimburse us for any costs
we have incurred in connection with such unsuccessful
action.
Our partnership agreement is governed by Delaware law. Our
partnership agreement includes exclusive forum, venue and
jurisdiction provisions designating Delaware courts as the
exclusive venue for most claims, suits, actions and proceedings
involving us or our officers, directors and employees. In addition,
if any person brings any of the aforementioned claims, suits,
actions or proceedings and such person does not obtain a judgment
on the merits that substantially achieves, in substance and amount,
the full remedy sought, then such person shall be obligated to
reimburse us and our affiliates for all fees, costs and expenses of
every kind and description, including but not limited to all
reasonable attorneys’ fees and other litigation expenses, that the
parties may incur in connection with such claim, suit, action or
proceeding. By purchasing a common unit, a limited partner is
irrevocably consenting to these limitations and provisions
regarding claims, suits, actions or proceedings and submitting to
the exclusive jurisdiction of Delaware courts.
Our General Partner may amend our partnership agreement, as it
determines necessary or advisable, to permit the General Partner to
redeem the units of certain unitholders.
Our General Partner may amend our partnership agreement, as it
determines necessary or advisable, to obtain proof of the
nationality, citizenship or other related status of our limited
partners (and their owners, to the extent relevant) and to permit
our General Partner to redeem the units held by any person
(i) whose nationality, citizenship or related status creates
substantial risk of cancellation or forfeiture of any of our
property and/or (ii) who fails to comply with the procedures
established to obtain such proof. The redemption price in the case
of such a redemption will be the average of the daily closing
prices per unit for the 20 consecutive trading days immediately
prior to the date set for redemption.
The market price of our common units could be adversely affected by
sales of substantial amounts of our common units in the public or
private markets.
Sales by holders of a substantial number of our common units in the
public markets, or the perception that such sales might occur,
could have a material adverse effect on the price of our common
units or could impair our ability to obtain capital through an
offering of equity securities. In addition, we have provided
certain registration rights to Diamondback. Pursuant to these
registration rights, we have agreed to register, under the
Securities Act, all of the common units owned by Diamondback and
its assignees for resale (including common units issuable in
exchange for Class B units and our Operating Company units).
Under our partnership agreement, our General Partner and its
affiliates also have registration rights relating to the offer and
sale of any common units that they hold.
For as long as we are an emerging growth company, we are not
required to comply with certain disclosure requirements, including
those relating to accounting standards and disclosure about our
executive compensation and internal control auditing requirements
that apply to other public companies.
We are classified as an “emerging growth company” under
Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act. For as long as we are
an emerging growth company, which may be up to five full fiscal
years, unlike other public companies, we are not required to, among
other things, (i) provide an auditor’s attestation report on
management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our system of
internal control over financial reporting pursuant to
Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, (ii) comply
with any new requirements adopted by the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board requiring mandatory audit firm rotation or a
supplement to the auditor’s report in which the auditor would be
required to provide additional information about the audit and the
financial statements of the issuer, (iii) comply with any new
audit rules adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board after April 5, 2012 unless the SEC determines otherwise
or (iv) provide certain disclosures regarding executive
compensation required of larger public companies.
If we fail to develop or maintain an effective system of internal
controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial
results or prevent fraud. As a result, current and potential common
unitholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which
would harm our business and the trading price of our common
units.
We are required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing
Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which
requires our management to certify financial and other information
in our quarterly and annual reports and provide an annual
management report on the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting. Effective internal controls are necessary for
us to provide reliable financial reports, prevent fraud and operate
successfully as a publicly traded partnership. If we cannot provide
reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our reputation and
operating results would be harmed. We cannot be certain that our
efforts to maintain our internal controls will be successful, that
we will be able to maintain adequate controls over our financial
processes and reporting in the future or that we will be able to
comply with our obligations under Section 404 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. For example, Section 404 requires
us, among other things, to annually review and report on, and our
independent registered public accounting firm to attest to, the
effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting,
with auditor attestation of the effectiveness of our internal
controls over financial reporting beginning with our Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year in which we cease to qualify as an
emerging growth company. Any failure to develop or maintain
effective internal controls, or difficulties encountered in
implementing or improving our internal controls, could harm our
operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting
obligations. Ineffective internal controls could also cause
investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information,
which would likely have a negative effect on the trading price of
our common units.
Nasdaq does not require a publicly traded limited partnership like
us to comply with certain of its corporate governance
requirements.
Our common units are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market.
Because we are a publicly traded partnership, Nasdaq does not
require us to have a majority of independent directors on our
General Partner’s board of directors or to establish a compensation
committee or a nominating and corporate governance committee.
Additionally, any future issuance of additional common units or
other securities, including to affiliates, will not be subject to
Nasdaq’s stockholder approval rules that apply to a corporation.
Accordingly, unitholders do not have the same protections afforded
to stockholders of certain corporations that are subject to all of
Nasdaq’s corporate governance requirements.
We are treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes and our cash available for distribution to our common
unitholders may be substantially reduced.
We are a Delaware limited partnership and have elected to be
treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a
result, we are subject to tax as a corporation at the corporate tax
rate. While we expect to generate net operating losses or utilize
net operating losses to offset a portion of our taxable income over
the next several years, there is no guarantee that we will not have
any taxable income as a result of our equity interests in the
Operating Company. Because an entity-level tax is imposed on us due
to our status as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, our distributable cash flow may be substantially reduced
by our tax liabilities.
Distributions to common unitholders may be taxable as
dividends.
Because we are treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, if we make distributions to our common unitholders from
current or accumulated earnings and profits as computed for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, such distributions will be treated as
distributions on corporate stock for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, and generally be taxable to our common unitholders as
ordinary dividend income for U.S. federal income tax purposes (to
the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits).
Such dividend distributions paid to non-corporate U.S. unitholders
will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at preferential rates,
provided that certain holding period and other requirements are
satisfied. Any portion of our distributions to common unitholders
that exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits as
computed for U.S. federal income tax purposes will constitute a
non-taxable return of capital distribution to the extent of a
unitholder’s basis in its common units, and thereafter as gain on
the sale or exchange of such common units.
Future U.S. tax legislation may adversely affect our business,
financial condition, results of operations, and cash
flow.
From time to time, legislation has been proposed that, if enacted
into law, would make significant changes to U.S. federal and state
income tax laws affecting the oil and natural gas industry,
including (i) eliminating the immediate deduction for intangible
drilling and development costs, (ii) the repeal of the percentage
depletion allowance for oil and natural gas properties and (iii) an
extension of the amortization period for certain geological and
geophysical expenditures. No accurate prediction can be made as to
whether any such legislative changes will be proposed or enacted in
the future or, if enacted, what the specific provisions or the
effective date of any such legislation would be. These proposed
changes in the U.S. tax law, if adopted, or other similar changes
that would impose additional tax on our activities or reduce or
eliminate deductions currently available to our customers,
including Diamondback, with respect to natural gas and oil
exploration, development or similar activities, could adversely
affect our business, financial condition, results of operations,
and cash flows.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF
COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Due to the nature of our business, we may be, from time to time,
involved in routine litigation or subject to disputes or claims
related to our business activities. See “Note
15—Commitments
and Contingencies”
included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements
included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY
DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON
EQUITY, RELATED UNITHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY
SECURITIES
Listing and Holders of Record
Our common units are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market
under the symbol “RTLR”. There were two holders of record of our
common units on February 18, 2022.
Cash Distribution Policy
The board of directors of our General Partner sets and administers
the cash distribution policies for the Partnership and the
Operating Company. Cash distributions paid by the Operating Company
to Diamondback and the Partnership as the beneficial owners
of
the Operating Company’s common units are determined by the board of
directors of our General Partner on a quarterly basis. The board of
directors of our General Partner may change our distribution policy
at any time and from time to time. Our partnership agreement does
not require us to pay distributions to our common unitholders on a
quarterly or other basis.
Repurchases of Equity Securities
Our common unit repurchase activity for the three months ended
December 31, 2021 was as follows:
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Period |
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Total Number of Units Purchased |
|
Average Price Paid Per Unit
(1)
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|
Total Number of Units Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced
Plan |
|
Approximate Dollar Value of Units that May Yet Be Purchased Under
the Plan
(2)
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($ in thousands, except per unit amounts) |
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|
|
October 1, 2021 - October 31, 2021 |
|
156,480 |
|
$ |
11.92 |
|
|
156,480 |
|
$ |
104,768 |
|
November 1, 2021 - November 30, 2021 |
|
676,797 |
|
$ |
11.14 |
|
|
676,797 |
|
$ |
97,229 |
|
December 1, 2021 - December 31, 2021 |
|
872,200 |
|
$ |
10.96 |
|
|
872,200 |
|
$ |
87,668 |
|
Total |
|
1,705,477 |
|
$ |
11.12 |
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|
1,705,477 |
|
|
(1)The
average price paid per common unit includes commissions paid to
repurchase common units.
(2)In
October 2020, the board of directors of our General Partner
approved an initial common unit repurchase program to acquire up to
$100.0 million of our outstanding common units through December 31,
2021. In October 2021, the repurchase program authorization was
increased to $150.0 million and the program was extended
indefinitely. This repurchase program may be suspended from time to
time, modified, extended or discontinued by the board of directors
of our General Partner at any time.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]
ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction
with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto
presented in this Annual Report. The following discussion contains
“forward-looking statements” that reflect our future plans,
estimates, beliefs, and expected performance. Actual results and
the timing of events may differ materially from those contained in
these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors. See
“Item
1A. Risk Factors”
and “Cautionary
Statement Regarding Forward-Looking
Statements”
included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Overview
We are a Delaware limited partnership formed by Diamondback to own,
operate, develop and acquire midstream and energy-related
infrastructure assets in the Midland and Delaware Basins of the
Permian Basin, one of the most prolific oil producing areas in the
world. Our assets and operations are reported in one operating
business segment. We have elected to be treated as a corporation
for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
We provide crude oil and water-related midstream services
(including water sourcing and transportation and produced water
gathering and disposal) to Diamondback under long-term, fixed-fee
contracts. As of December 31, 2021, our midstream
infrastructure assets include 866 miles of pipeline across the
Midland and Delaware Basins with approximately 305,000 Bbl/d of
crude oil gathering capacity, 3.5 MMBbl/d of produced water
disposal capacity and 664,000 Bbl/d of sourced water gathering
capacity. In addition to our midstream infrastructure assets, we
own equity interests in three long-haul crude oil pipelines and one
NGL pipeline that run from the Permian to the Texas Gulf Coast, and
also own equity interests in third-party operated gathering systems
and processing facilities supported by dedications from
Diamondback. We are critical to Diamondback’s growth plans because
we provide a long-term midstream solution to its increasing crude
oil and water-related services needs through our robust infield
gathering systems and produced water disposal
capabilities.
As of December 31, 2021, our General Partner held
a 100% general partner interest in us, Diamondback
held no common units and beneficially owned all of
our 107,815,152 outstanding Class B units, representing
approximately 74% of our total units outstanding.
Diamondback also owns and controls our General
Partner.
On December 22, 2021, we completed the Reorganization, which
included the Contribution of 100% of the limited liability company
interests we held in the Operating Company to the Holding Company.
As a result of the Contribution, the Holding Company was admitted
as a member of the Operating Company, and replaced the Partnership
as the managing member of the Operating Company.
As of December 31, 2021, the Holding Company owned a 26%
membership interest and 100% of the sole managing membership
interest in the Operating Company, and Diamondback owned, through
its ownership of the Operating Company units, a 74% economic,
non-voting interest in the Operating Company. As required by GAAP,
we consolidate 100% of the assets and operations of the Holding
Company and the Operating Company in our financial statements and
reflect a non-controlling interest.
2021 Transactions and Recent Developments
COVID-19 and Effects on Commodity Prices
After briefly reaching negative levels in April 2020, oil prices
recovered during 2021, spurred by the global economic recovery from
the COVID-19 pandemic and producer restraint. Demand for oil and
natural gas increased during 2021, as many restrictions on
conducting business, implemented in response to the COVID-19
pandemic, have been lifted due to improved treatments and
availability of vaccinations in the U.S. and globally. However, the
emergence of the COVID-19 Delta variant in the latter part of 2021
and the subsequent surge of the highly transmissible Omicron
variant continued to contribute to the economic and pricing
volatility and cautious oil and natural gas production outlook for
2022, as industry and market participants evaluate the potential
impact of Omicron variant cases. Further, on January 4, 2022, OPEC+
agreed to continue their program (commenced in August 2021) of
gradual monthly output increases in February 2022, raising its
output target by 400,000 Bbl per day, which move is expected to
further boost oil supply in response to rising demand. In its
report issued on February 10, 2022, OPEC noted its expectation that
world oil demand will rise by 4.15 MBbl per day in 2022, as the
global economy continues to post a strong recovery from the
COVID-19 pandemic. Although this demand outlook is expected to
underpin oil prices, already seen at a seven-year high in February
2022, we cannot predict any future volatility in commodity prices
or demand for crude oil.
Despite the recovery in commodity prices and rising demand,
Diamondback kept its production relatively flat during 2021, using
excess cash flow for debt repayment and/or return to its
stockholders rather than expanding its drilling
program.
We derive substantially all of our revenue from our commercial
agreements with Diamondback which do not contain minimum volume
commitments. The reduction of Diamondback’s drilling and
development plan on the acreage dedicated to us by Diamondback
directly and adversely impacts Diamondback’s demand for our
midstream services. Reduced demand stemming from the price
volatility discussed above has had and may continue to have a
detrimental effect on our sourced water business line and our
overall operations. Diamondback recently announced its 2022
production target of between 218,000 and 222,000 barrels of oil per
day. We cannot predict the extent to which Diamondback’s business
would be impacted if conditions in the energy industry were to
further deteriorate nor can we estimate the impact such conditions
would have on Diamondback’s ability to execute its drilling and
development plan on the Acreage Dedications or to perform under our
commercial agreements.
During 2021, we reduced operated capital expenditures to less than
25% of 2020 levels and less than 15% of 2019 levels. Combined with
the fact that our equity method joint venture build cycle is
nearing its end, and changing from a net outflow of capital
contributions to a net inflow of cash distributions, we believe
that this stabilized volume outlook will present meaningful free
cash flow generation in the current commodity price
environment.
Acquisitions
WTG Joint Venture Acquisition
On October 5, 2021, we and a private affiliate of an investment
fund formed the WTG joint venture. The Operating Company invested
approximately $104.0 million in cash to acquire a 25% interest
in the WTG joint venture, which then completed an acquisition of a
majority interest in WTG Midstream from West Texas Gas, Inc. and
its affiliates. WTG Midstream’s assets primarily consist of an
interconnected gas gathering system and six major gas processing
plants servicing the Midland Basin with 925 MMcf/d of total
processing capacity with additional gas gathering and processing
expansions planned.
Drop Down Transaction
On December 1, 2021, we acquired certain water midstream assets
from Diamondback and certain of its subsidiaries for $160.0
million, including closing adjustments, in cash in a drop down
transaction. We funded the transaction with borrowings under the
Operating Company’s revolving credit facility. The Drop Down was
accounted for as a transaction between entities under common
control, with assets recognized at Diamondback’s historical
carrying value in the consolidated balance sheet.
The Drop Down assets include nine active saltwater disposal
injection wells with 330 MBbl/d of capacity, seven produced water
recycling and storage facilities, 20 fresh water pits and
approximately 4,000 acres of fee surface. Also included are 55
miles of produced water gathering pipeline and 18 miles of sourced
water gathering pipeline.
BANGL Joint Venture Acquisition
On January 19, 2022, we invested approximately $22.2 million in
cash to acquire a 10% interest in the BANGL joint venture. The
BANGL pipeline, which began full commercial service in the fourth
quarter of 2021, provides NGL takeaway capacity from MPLX and WTG
gas processing plants in the Permian Basin to the NGL fractionation
hub in Sweeny, Texas and has expansion capacity of up to 300,000
Bbl/d.
Divestitures
Amarillo Rattler Divestiture
On April 30, 2021, we and our joint venture partner, Amarillo
Midstream, LLC, each sold our respective 50% interests in Amarillo
Rattler to EnLink Midstream Operating, LP. Net of transaction
expenses and working capital adjustments, we received $23.5 million
at closing, which resulted in a gain on sale of equity method
investments of $23.0 million. An incremental $5.0 million is
payable to us in April 2022, and we could receive up to $7.5
million in total contingent earn-out payments from 2023 to
2025.
Real Estate Divestiture
On June 28, 2021, we closed on the sale of one of our real estate
properties located in Midland, Texas for proceeds of $9.1 million,
including closing adjustments, which resulted in a loss on disposal
of $0.4 million.
Pecos County Gas Gathering Divestiture
On November 1, 2021, we completed the sale of substantially all of
our natural gas gathering assets to Brazos Delaware Gas, LLC, an
affiliate of Brazos Midstream, for aggregate total gross potential
consideration of $93.0 million, consisting of (i) $83.0 million
paid at closing, after customary closing adjustments, (ii) a $5.0
million contingent payment due in 2023 if the aggregate actual
deliveries of gas volumes into the gas gathering system by and/or
on behalf of Diamondback and its affiliates exceed certain
specified thresholds during 2022, and (iii) a $5.0 million
contingent payment due in 2024 if the aggregate actual deliveries
of gas volumes into the gas gathering system by and/or on behalf of
Diamondback and its affiliates exceed certain specified thresholds
during 2022 and 2023. The contingent payments will be recorded if
and when they become realizable.
Operational Update
Highlights
The following are our significant operating results for the year
ended December 31, 2021, as compared with the year ended December
31, 2020:
•average
crude oil gathering volumes were 79,071 Bbl/d, a decrease of 14%
year over year;
•average
produced water gathering and disposal volumes were 783,259 Bbl/d, a
decrease of 5% year over year; and
•average
sourced water gathering volumes were 268,259 Bbl/d, an increase of
6% year over year.
Pipeline Infrastructure Assets
The following tables provide information regarding our gathering
and transportation system as of December 31, 2021 and
utilization for the year ended December 31, 2021:
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(Miles)(1)
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Delaware Basin |
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Midland Basin |
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Permian Total |
Crude oil |
113 |
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46 |
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|
159 |
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Produced water |
273 |
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|
310 |
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|
583 |
|
Sourced water |
27 |
|
|
97 |
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|
124 |
|
Total |
413 |
|
|
453 |
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|
866 |
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(Capacity/capability)(1)
|
Delaware Basin |
|
Midland Basin |
|
Permian Total |
|
Utilization |
Crude oil gathering (Bbl/d) |
240,000 |
|
|
65,000 |
|
|
305,000 |
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|
27 |
% |
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Produced water gathering and disposal (Bbl/d) |
1,330,000 |
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|
2,134,000 |
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|
3,464,000 |
|
|
24 |
% |
Sourced water gathering (Bbl/d) |
120,000 |
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|
544,000 |
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|
664,000 |
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|
43 |
% |
(1)Does
not include any assets of our equity method investment joint
ventures.
Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31,
2021
and
2020
The following table sets forth selected historical operating data
for the periods indicated:
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Year Ended December 31, |
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2021 |
|
2020 |
|
|
Operating Results: |
(In thousands, except operating data) |
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
Midstream revenues—related party |
$ |
356,498 |
|
|
$ |
379,089 |
|
|
|
Midstream revenues—third party |
26,893 |
|
|
31,124 |
|
|
|
Other revenues—related party |
8,909 |
|
|
7,801 |
|
|
|
Other revenues—third party |
4,041 |
|
|
5,891 |
|
|
|
Total revenues |
396,341 |
|
|
423,905 |
|
|
|
Costs and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
Direct operating expenses |
102,925 |
|
|
131,393 |
|
|
|
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and
amortization) |
43,470 |
|
|
38,370 |
|
|
|
Real estate operating expenses |
2,231 |
|
|
2,361 |
|
|
|
Depreciation, amortization and accretion |
49,196 |
|
|
53,123 |
|
|
|
Impairment and abandonments |
3,371 |
|
|
918 |
|
|
|
General and administrative expenses |
21,611 |
|
|
16,367 |
|
|
|
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets |
4,956 |
|
|
(729) |
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|
|
Total costs and expenses |
227,760 |
|
|
241,803 |
|
|
|
Income (loss) from operations |
168,581 |
|
|
182,102 |
|
|
|
Other income (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income (expense), net |
(32,080) |
|
|
(17,287) |
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|
|
Gain (loss) on sale of equity method investments |
23,020 |
|
|
— |
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|
|
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
14,779 |
|
|
(9,881) |
|
|
|
Total other income (expense), net |
5,719 |
|
|
(27,168) |
|
|
|
Net income (loss) before income taxes |
174,300 |
|
|
154,934 |
|
|
|
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes |
10,530 |
|
|
10,229 |
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
163,770 |
|
|
144,705 |
|
|
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling
interest |
126,990 |
|
|
110,014 |
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Rattler Midstream LP |
$ |
36,780 |
|
|
$ |
34,691 |
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|
Operating Data: |
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Throughput(1)
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|
Crude oil gathering (Bbl/d) |
79,071 |
|
92,056 |
|
|
Natural gas gathering (MMBtu/d) |
112,130 |
|
121,637 |
|
|
Produced water gathering and disposal (Bbl/d) |
783,259 |
|
821,543 |
|
|
Sourced water gathering (Bbl/d) |
268,259 |
|
253,907 |
|
|
(1) Does not include volumes from our equity
method investment joint ventures.
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2021
and
2020
Revenues
Total revenues decreased by $27.6 million to $396.3 million in 2021
compared to $423.9 million in 2020, primarily due to declines in
revenue from (i) produced water gathering and disposal of $20.1
million,(ii) crude oil gathering of $4.2 million, and (iii) natural
gas gathering of $1.7 million.
The decreases in revenues from produced water gathering and crude
oil gathering in 2021 were due to a reduction in volumes
transported by Diamondback through the systems on our dedicated
acreage. The decrease in revenues from natural gas gathered was due
primarily to the sale of the Pecos gas gathering assets in the
fourth quarter of 2021.
See Note 3—Revenue
from Contacts with Customers
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional discussion of our
revenues.
Direct Operating Expenses
Direct operating expenses decreased by $28.5 million to $102.9
million in 2021 compared to $131.4 million in 2020, primarily due
to a decline in volumes year over year and a focus on reducing
costs. Additionally, we received electricity credits of $3.4
million related to the February 2021 winter storm in the Permian
Basin and the sale of the Pecos gas gathering assets resulted in an
additional decrease in expenses of approximately $1.5
million.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
increased by $5.1 million to $43.5 million in 2021 compared to
$38.4 million in 2020 due to an increase in sourced water volumes
transported in the second and third quarters of 2021.
Depreciation, Amortization and Accretion
Depreciation, amortization and accretion decreased by $3.9 million
to $49.2 million in 2021 compared to $53.1 million in 2020, largely
due to the 2020 period including $3.0 million of accelerated
depreciation related to the abandonment of certain disposal well
assets and $1.1 million of accelerated amortization of in-place
lease intangibles for early terminated leases. This reduction was
partially offset by further development of existing gathering and
compression, transportation and disposals systems which increased
our depreciable asset base.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased by $5.2 million to
$21.6 million in 2021 compared to $16.4 million, for 2020,
primarily due to $4.0 million of higher shared service allocations
and additional professional service fees attributable to business
growth, as well as $1.2 million of additional public company costs
incurred.
Interest Expense, Net
Net interest expense increased by $14.8 million to $32.1 million in
2021 compared to $17.3 million for 2020, primarily due to
additional interest accrued on the Notes which were issued in July
2020 and bear interest at a rate of 5.625% per annum.
Currently, we expect to incur aggregate future cash interest costs
of $112.5 million on our Notes, consisting of approximately $28.1
million due in each of the years from 2022 through
2025.
Gain (loss) on Sale of Equity Method Investments
The gain of $23.0 million on sale of equity method investments in
2021 related to the sale of our interest in Amarillo Rattler. See
Note 4—Acquisitions
and Divestitures
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for discussion of the
sale.
Income (Loss) from Equity Method Investments
Income from equity method investments was $14.8 million in 2021
compared to a loss of $9.9 million in 2020, primarily due to the
2020 period including a proportional charge of $15.8 million in
goodwill impairment recorded by an investee. The remaining change
primarily stemmed from the addition of $5.6 million in income from
the WTG joint venture acquired in the fourth quarter of 2021, and a
general recovery in the operations of our other equity method
investments in 2021 after the oil and gas industry downturn due to
the COVID-19 pandemic and other economic factors in 2020. See Note
7—Equity
Method Investments
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional
discussion.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview of Sources and Uses of Cash
As we pursue our business and financial strategy, we regularly
consider which capital resources, including cash flow and equity
and debt financings, are available to meet our future financial
obligations and liquidity requirements. Our primary sources of
liquidity have included cash generated from operations, borrowings
under the credit agreement and the issuance of the Notes. Our
primary uses of capital have been for additions to property, plant
and equipment, contributions to equity method investments,
distributions to our unitholders and repurchases of our common
units. As of December 31, 2021, we had approximately $425
million of liquidity consisting of $20 million in cash and $405
million available under the Operating Company’s revolving credit
facility.
Our working capital requirements are supported by our cash and the
revolving credit facility. We believe that cash generated from the
sources discussed above will be sufficient to meet our short-term
and long-term funding requirements including our capital spending
programs, distribution payments, repayment of the Operating
Company’s revolving credit facility, repurchase program, expenses
under the services and secondment agreement with Diamondback and
other amounts that may ultimately be paid in connection with
commitments and contingencies. We do not have any commitment from
Diamondback, our General Partner or any of their respective
affiliates to fund our cash flow deficits or provide other direct
or indirect financial assistance to us. Although we expect that our
sources of capital will be adequate to fund our short-term and
long-term liquidity requirements, should we require additional
capital, the indirect effect of volatile commodity markets and/or
adverse macroeconomic conditions may limit our access to, or
increase our cost of, capital or make capital unavailable on terms
acceptable to us or at all.
Cash Flows
The following table presents our cash flows for the periods
indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ |
248,100 |
|
|
$ |
229,899 |
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(183,323) |
|
|
(180,809) |
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
(68,807) |
|
|
(35,796) |
|
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash |
$ |
(4,030) |
|
|
$ |
13,294 |
|
|
|
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $18.2
million during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the
year ended December 31, 2020, primarily due to distributions
representing returns on investment from our equity method
investments of $34.7 million, a decrease in direct operating
expenses of $28.5 million, and an $8.1 million fluctuation in
working capital primarily due to the timing of when collections are
made on accounts receivable and payments are made on accounts
payable and accrued liabilities. These increases in cash flow were
partially offset by a $27.6 million decline in revenues, an
increase in cash paid for interest of $21.8 million, and less
significant increases in cost of goods sold and cash general and
administrative costs. See
—Results
of Operations
for further discussion of changes in revenue, operating expenses
and interest expense and Note 7—Equity
Method Investments
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for further discussion of
distributions.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $183.3
million for the year ended December 31, 2021 and
consisted primarily of (i) a payment of $160.0 million for the Drop
Down acquisition, (ii) contributions of $113.6 million to our
equity method investments, including the initial investment in the
WTG joint venture, and (iii) other capital expenditures of $32.2
million which primarily related to our produced water disposal
assets, See
—2021
Transactions and Recent
Developments
for additional discussion of these expenditures.
Cash outflows for investing activities in 2021 were partially
offset by proceeds from divestitures of $113.3 million, and $9.1
million in distributions considered to be returns of investment
received from certain of our equity method investments prior to
placing constructed assets in service.
Net cash used in investing activities was $180.8 million for
the year ended December 31, 2020, and primarily related to $136.8
million in capital expenditures and $102.5 million in contributions
to our equity method investments. Our capital expenditures
consisted of (i) $111.2 million for our produced water disposal
assets, (ii) $8.9 million for our natural gas gathering
assets, (iii) $8.2 million for our sourced water assets, (iv) $7.9
million for our crude oil gathering assets and (v) $0.6 million for
our real estate assets.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $68.8
million during the year ended December 31, 2021, and
primarily related to distributions paid to our unitholders of
$133.7 million, net payments on the revolving credit facility of
$116.0 million and $47.6 million in repurchases of common units
under our repurchase program.
Net cash used in financing activities was $35.8 million during the
year ended December 31, 2020, and primarily related to net payments
on the revolving credit facility of $345.0 million and
distributions to our unitholders of $162.4 million, which were
largely offset by proceeds from the notes offering of $500.0
million.
Capital Resources
The Operating Company’s Revolving Credit Facility
The Operating Company’s credit agreement provides for a revolving
credit facility in the maximum credit amount of $600.0 million,
which is expandable to $1.0 billion upon our election, subject to
obtaining additional lender commitments and satisfaction of
customary conditions.
As of December 31, 2021, there was $195.0 million of
outstanding borrowings under the Operating Company’s revolving
credit facility. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings
under the credit agreement was 1.41% for the year ended
December 31, 2021. The revolving credit facility matures in
2024.
As of December 31, 2021, the Operating Company was in
compliance and expects to be in compliance with all financial
maintenance covenants under the credit agreement.
For additional information regarding the revolving credit facility
and outstanding debt, see Note 8—Debt
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Capital Requirements
2022 Capital Budget
The midstream energy business is capital intensive, requiring the
maintenance of existing gathering systems and other midstream
assets and facilities and the acquisition or construction and
development of new gathering systems and other midstream assets and
facilities. However, with respect to capital expenditures incurred
for acquisitions or capital improvements, we have some discretion
and control. In a time of reduced operational activity, we may
choose to defer a portion of our budgeted capital expenditures
until later periods to achieve the desired balance between sources
and uses of liquidity and prioritize capital projects that we
believe have the highest expected returns and potential to generate
near-term cash flow. Subject to financing alternatives, we may also
increase our capital expenditures significantly to take advantage
of opportunities we consider to be attractive. We consistently
monitor and may adjust our projected capital expenditures in
response to factors both within and outside our
control.
We estimate that our total capital expenditures related to
midstream assets for 2022 will be between $80 million and $100
million. Our estimated capital expenditures do not include our
anticipated total capital commitments related to our equity method
investments of approximately $10 million to $15 million. We also
estimate we will receive $45 million to $55 million in
distributions related to our equity method investments. However,
this range could change due to the continued impact, either
directly or indirectly, of the COVID-19 pandemic or volatility in
crude oil prices on our business.
As of February 18, 2022, we own equity interests in the EPIC, Gray
Oak, Wink to Webster, OMOG, WTG Midstream and BANGL joint ventures.
Each of these joint ventures is accounted for using the equity
method. The following table sets forth our cumulative capital
contributions and anticipated future capital commitment for each of
our equity method investment interests:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ownership Interest |
|
Acquisition Date |
|
Cumulative Capital Contributions to Date |
|
Anticipated Future Capital Commitment |
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
EPIC Crude Holdings, LP |
10 |
% |
|
February 1, 2019 |
|
$ |
138,034 |
|
|
$ |
2,620 |
|
Gray Oak Pipeline, LLC |
10 |
% |
|
February 15, 2019 |
|
$ |
142,096 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
Wink to Webster Pipeline LLC |
4 |
% |
|
July 30, 2019 |
|
$ |
89,453 |
|
|
$ |
18,547 |
|
OMOG JV LLC |
60 |
% |
|
October 1, 2019 |
|
$ |
218,555 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
Remuda Midstream Holdings LLC |
25 |
% |
|
October 5, 2021 |
|
$ |
104,502 |
|
|
$ |
2,012 |
|
BANGL, LLC |
10 |
% |
|
January 19, 2022 |
|
$ |
22,150 |
|
|
$ |
5,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Note 7—Equity
Method Investments
and Note 16—Subsequent
Events
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for further discussion regarding
our equity method investments.
Volume Commitment Agreement
As discussed in Note 15—Commitments
and Contingencies
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report, the Partnership has a water
services agreement for produced water disposal services through
2034. The aggregate remaining minimum commitment is $51.1 million,
with approximately $4.6 million due in each of the years from 2022
through 2025, $3.7 million due in 2026 and the remainder due in the
years thereafter.
Common Unit Repurchase Program
In October 2021, the board of directors of our General Partner
approved an increase of the authorization of our common unit
repurchase program to $150.0 million of the Partnership’s
outstanding common units and extended the program indefinitely.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we repurchased
approximately $47.6 million of common units under the repurchase
program. As of December 31, 2021, $87.7 million remained
available for future repurchases of our common units under our
program. See Note 10—Unitholders'
Equity and Distributions
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for further discussion of the
common unit repurchase program.
Cash Distributions
We do not have a minimum quarterly distribution or employ
structures intended to consistently maintain or increase
distributions over time. The board of directors of our General
Partner may change our distribution policy at any time and from
time to time. Our partnership agreement does not require us to pay
distributions to our common unitholders on a quarterly basis or
other basis.
On February 16, 2022, the board of directors of the General Partner
approved a cash distribution for the fourth quarter of 2021 of
$0.30 per common unit, payable on March 14, 2022, to common
unitholders of record at the close of business on March 7,
2022.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results
of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements,
which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Certain amounts included in or affecting our consolidated financial
statements and related disclosures must be estimated by our
management, requiring certain assumptions to be made with respect
to values or conditions that cannot be known with certainty at the
time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. These
estimates and assumptions affect the amounts we report for assets
and liabilities and our disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements.
Critical accounting policies cover accounting estimates that are
inherently uncertain because the future resolution of such matters
is unknown and actual results could differ from those
estimates.
We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis, using historical
experience, consultation with experts and other methods we consider
reasonable in the particular circumstances. Any effects on our
business, financial position or results of operations resulting
from revisions to these estimates are recorded in the period in
which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.
Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include
(i) accounting for equity method investments and (ii) estimate of
income taxes.
We consider the following to be our most critical accounting
estimates and have reviewed these critical accounting estimates
with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Below, we have provided expanded discussion of our most critical
accounting estimates, assumptions, judgments and uncertainties that
are inherent in our application of GAAP.
Equity Method Investments
We review our investments to determine if a loss in value which is
other than a temporary decline has occurred when events indicate
the carrying value of the investment may not be recoverable. When
such indicators are present and the decline in value is considered
to be other than temporary the carrying value of the investment is
written down to its fair value. In making the determination as to
whether a decline is other than temporary, we consider such factors
as the length of time the fair value is below the investor’s
carrying value, current expected performance relative to expected
performance when we initially invested in the investee, the
investee’s performance relative to peers, the industry’s
performance relative to the economy, regulatory actions, the
investee’s ability to refinance its debt in future periods, and
estimated discounted cash flows for the investment, among other
factors. Such analysis requires management to make significant
estimates and assumptions and apply judgment based on historical
experience. If such a loss has occurred, we recognize an impairment
provision and do not increase the cost basis of the investment for
subsequent recoveries in fair value. A reduction of the carrying
value of equity method investments would represent a Level 3 fair
value measurement.
Based on indicators present at December 31, 2021, we reviewed our
investment in EPIC for impairment utilizing an estimate of fair
value calculated in a discounted cash flow model in accordance with
the income approach in
ASC 820— Fair Value Measurement.
The discounted cash flow model incorporates our expectations of
EPIC’s future revenue, operating expenses, and non-operating
expenses including debt service costs based on expected future debt
levels, and discounts the projected cash flows to the current fair
value using an estimated weighted average cost of capital at the
date of valuation. The resulting fair value was below the current
carrying value of the EPIC investment. However, based on our
consideration of the factors noted above, among others, we
determined the decline in fair value is temporary and, thus, no
impairment expense was recorded at December 31, 2021. Key factors
impacting our conclusion that the decline in fair value is
temporary include forecasted increases in asset utilization based
on published industry data, reported production increases by major
producers transporting production on EPIC’s pipeline and a
determination that EPIC will refinance its maturing debt
obligations by 2026. Based on the subjectivity of the estimates
included in the various scenarios of our fair value estimate,
should our analysis of the factors above change in future periods,
we could recognize an other than temporary impairment. The amount
of future impairment, if any, will be based on updated assumptions
at that time. If our estimate of fair value changes or if our
conclusion regarding the temporary nature of any decline in fair
value changes, it could have a material impact on our future
consolidated financial statements and results of
operations.
Income Taxes
We are treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. The amount of income taxes we record requires
interpretations of complex rules and regulations of federal, state,
provincial and foreign tax jurisdictions.
We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income
taxes, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are
recognized for the future tax consequences of (i) temporary
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and
the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities and (ii) operating
loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred income tax assets and
liabilities are based on enacted tax rates applicable to the future
period when those temporary differences are expected to be
recovered or settled, and are often based on assumptions that are
subject to a significant amount of judgment. These assumptions and
judgments are reviewed and adjusted by management as facts and
circumstances change. A valuation allowance is provided for
deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not the deferred
tax assets will not be realized after
considering all positive and negative evidence available concerning
the realizability of our deferred tax assets. As of December 31,
2021, no such valuation allowance was determined to be necessary
against our deferred tax asset of $62.4 million. However, any
changes in the positive or negative evidence evaluated, including a
change in our projected future income or losses due to a decline in
economic conditions, or other estimates and considerations, could
result in a material impact to our deferred tax assets and income
tax expense.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2—Summary
of Significant Accounting Policies
in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for recent accounting
pronouncements and accounting policies not yet adopted, if
any.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE
DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to market risk, including the effects of adverse
changes in commodity prices and interest rates as described below.
The primary objective of the following information is to provide
quantitative and qualitative information about our potential
exposure to market risks. The term “market risk” refers to the risk
of loss arising from adverse changes in oil and natural gas prices
and interest rates. The disclosures are not meant to be precise
indicators of expected future losses, but rather indicators of
reasonably possible losses.
Commodity Price Risk
We currently generate the majority of our revenues pursuant to
fee-based agreements with Diamondback under which we are paid based
on volumetric fees, rather than the underlying value of the
commodity. Consequently, our existing operations and cash flow have
little direct exposure to commodity price risk. However,
Diamondback and our other customers are exposed to commodity price
risk, and an extended reduction in commodity prices could reduce
the production volumes available for our midstream services in the
future below expected levels. Although we intend to maintain
fee-based pricing terms on both new contracts and existing
contracts for which prices have not yet been set, our efforts to
negotiate such terms may not be successful, which could have a
materially adverse effect on our business.
We may acquire or develop additional midstream assets in a manner
that increases our exposure to commodity price risk. Future
exposure to the volatility of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs
prices could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and ability
to make cash distributions to our unitholders.
Credit Risk
We are subject to counterparty credit risk related to our midstream
commercial contracts, lease agreements and joint venture
receivables. We derive substantially all of our revenue from our
commercial agreements with Diamondback. As a result, we are
directly affected by changes to Diamondback’s business related to
operational and business risks or otherwise. We cannot predict the
extent to which Diamondback’s business would be impacted if
conditions in the energy industry were to deteriorate, nor can we
estimate the impact such conditions would have on Diamondback’s
ability to execute its drilling and development program or to
perform under our agreements. While we monitor the creditworthiness
of purchasers, lessees and joint venture partners with which we
conduct business, we are unable to predict sudden changes in
solvency of these counterparties and may be exposed to associated
risks. Non-performance by a counterparty could result in
significant financial losses.
Interest Rate Risk
We are subject to market risk exposure related to changes in
interest rates on our indebtedness under the Operating Company’s
credit agreement. The terms of the credit agreement provide for
interest at a rate elected by the Operating Company that is based
on the prime rate or LIBOR, in each case plus margins ranging from
0.250% to 1.250% for prime-based loans and 1.250% to 2.250% per
annum for LIBOR loans, in each case depending on the Consolidated
Total Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit agreement). The
Operating Company is obligated to pay a quarterly commitment fee
ranging from 0.250% to 0.375% per annum on the unused portion of
the commitment, which fee is also dependent on the Consolidated
Total Leverage Ratio.
As of December 31, 2021, we had $195.0 million of outstanding
borrowings and $405.0 million available for future borrowings under
the credit agreement. The weighted average interest rate on
borrowings under the credit agreement was 1.41% for the year ended
December 31, 2021.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this Item appears beginning on page F-1
of this report.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH
ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Control and Procedures.
Under the direction of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer of our General Partner, we have established
disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure
that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that
we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
SEC’s rules and forms. The disclosure controls and procedures are
also intended to ensure that such information is accumulated and
communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer of our General Partner, as appropriate
to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In
designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures,
management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter
how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable
assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition,
the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the
fact that there are resource constraints and that management is
required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible
controls and procedures relative to their costs.
As of December 31, 2021, an evaluation was performed under the
supervision and with the participation of management, including the
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of our General
Partner, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under
the Exchange Act. Based upon the evaluation, the Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer of our General Partner have
concluded that as of December 31, 2021, our disclosure
controls and procedures are effective.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial
Reporting.
In July 2021, we implemented an enterprise resource planning system
covering various financial and accounting processes. As a result of
this implementation, certain internal controls over financial
reporting have been automated, modified or implemented to address
the new environment associated with the implementation of this
system. We believe we have maintained appropriate internal control
over financial reporting during the implementation and believe this
new system will strengthen our internal control system. However,
there are inherent risks in implementing any new system, and we
will continue to evaluate these control changes as part of our
assessment of internal control over financial reporting. There have
not been any changes in our internal control over financial
reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31,
2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, internal controls over financial
reporting.
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL
REPORTING
The management of our General Partner is responsible for
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting of the Partnership. The Partnership’s internal
control over financial reporting is a process designed under the
supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer of our General Partner to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of the Partnership’s financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles.
Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the
Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting based on
the framework in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission. Based on its evaluation under the framework in the 2013
Internal Control-Integrated Framework, management did not identify
any material weaknesses in the Partnership’s internal control over
financial reporting and determined that the Partnership maintained
effective internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2021.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting
Firm.
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of the
company’s registered public accounting firm due to the SEC rules
applicable to “emerging growth companies.” We will remain an
“emerging growth company,” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act, for up to five full fiscal years following the IPO, although
we will lose such status sooner if we have more than $1.07 billion
of revenues in a fiscal year, become a large accelerated filer or
issue more than $1.07 billion of non-convertible debt cumulatively
over a three-year period.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Management of Rattler Midstream LP
We are managed and operated by the board of directors and the
executive officers of our General Partner.
Diamondback owns all of the membership interests in our General
Partner. As a result of owning our General Partner, Diamondback has
the right to appoint all members of the board of directors of our
General Partner, including the independent directors. Our common
unitholders are not entitled to elect our General Partner or its
directors or otherwise directly participate in our management or
operation. Our General Partner owes certain duties to our common
unitholders as well as a fiduciary duty to its owner.
The executive officers of our General Partner manage the day-to-day
affairs of our business. All of the executive officers of our
General Partner also serve as executive officers of Diamondback and
the General Partner of Viper. Our executive officers listed below
allocate their time between managing our business and the
businesses of Diamondback and Viper. Our executive officers intend,
however, to devote as much time as is necessary for the proper
conduct of our business.
Executive Officers and Directors of Our General
Partner
The following table presents information regarding the executive
officers and directors of our General Partner as of
January 31, 2022. Directors hold office until their successors
have been elected or qualified or until the earlier of their death,
resignation, removal or disqualification. Executive officers serve
at the discretion of the board of directors of our General Partner.
There are no family relationships among any of our General
Partner’s directors or executive officers.
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Name |
Age |
Position With Our General Partner |
Travis D. Stice |
60 |
Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Kaes Van't Hof |
35 |
President and Director |
Teresa L. Dick |
52 |
Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President and Assistant
Secretary |
Matt Zmigrosky |
43 |
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary |
Steven E. West |
61 |
Chairman of the Board |
Laurie H. Argo |
49 |
Director |
Arturo Vivar |
59 |
Director |
Travis D. Stice.
Mr. Stice has served as Chief Executive Officer and a director
of our General Partner since July 2018. He has served as Chief
Executive Officer of Diamondback since January 2012 and as a
director since November 2012. Mr. Stice has also served as the
Chief Executive Officer and a director of the general partner of
Viper since February 2014. Prior to his current positions with our
General Partner, Diamondback and Viper’s general partner, he served
as Diamondback’s President and Chief Operating Officer from April
2011 to January 2012. From November 2010 to April 2011,
Mr. Stice served as a Production Manager of Apache
Corporation, an oil and gas exploration company. Mr. Stice served
as a Vice President of Laredo Petroleum Holdings, Inc., an oil and
gas exploration and production company, from September 2008 to
September 2010 and as a Development Manager of
ConocoPhillips/Burlington Resources Mid-Continent Business Unit, an
oil and gas exploration company, from April 2006 until August 2008.
Prior to that, Mr. Stice held a series of positions of increasing
responsibilities at Burlington Resources, most recently as a
General Manager, Engineering, Operations and Business Reporting of
its Mid-Continent Division from January 2001 until Burlington
Resources’ acquisition by ConocoPhillips in March 2006. He started
his career with Mobil Oil in 1985. Mr. Stice has over 35 years of
industry experience in production operations, reservoir
engineering, production engineering and unconventional oil and gas
exploration and over 20 years of management experience. Mr. Stice
graduated from Texas A&M University with a Bachelor of Science
degree in Petroleum Engineering. Mr. Stice is a registered engineer
in the State of Texas, and is a 35-year member of the Society of
Petroleum Engineers.
We believe Mr. Stice’s expertise and extensive industry and
executive management experience, including at Diamondback and
Viper, make him a valuable asset to the board of directors of our
General Partner.
Kaes Van’t Hof.
Mr. Van’t Hof has served as President and a director of our
General Partner since July 2018. He has served as Diamondback’s
Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Business
Development since March 2019 after joining Diamondback in July 2016
as Vice President and serving as its Senior Vice President-Strategy
and Corporate Development from February 2017 to February 2019. Mr.
Van’t Hof has also served as the President of the general partner
of
Viper since March 2017. Prior to his positions with our General
Partner, Diamondback and Viper’s general partner, Mr. Van’t Hof
served as Chief Executive Officer for Bison Drilling and Field
Services from September 2012 to June 2016. From August 2011 to
August 2012, Mr. Van’t Hof was an analyst for Wexford Capital, LP
responsible for developing operating models and business plans,
including for Diamondback’s initial public offering, and before
that worked for the Investment Banking-Financial Institutions Group
of Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. from February 2010 to August
2011. Mr. Van’t Hof was a professional tennis player from May 2008
to January 2010. Mr. Van’t Hof received a Bachelor of Science
degree in Accounting and Business Administration from the
University of Southern California.
We believe Mr. Van’t Hof’s background in finance, accounting
and private equity energy investments, as well as his expertise and
executive management experience, make him a valuable asset to the
board of directors of our General Partner.
Teresa L. Dick.
Ms. Dick has served as Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice
President and Assistant Secretary of our General Partner since July
2018. She has also served as Diamondback’s Executive Vice President
and Chief Accounting Officer since March 2019. Ms. Dick served as
Diamondback’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
from February 2017 to February 2019, as its Assistant Secretary
since October 2012, as its Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice
President from November 2009 to February 2017 and as its Corporate
Controller from November 2007 until November 2009. Ms. Dick has
also served as Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President
and Assistant Secretary of the General Partner of Viper since
February 2017 and served as its Chief Financial Officer, Senior
Vice President and Assistant Secretary from February 2014 to
February 2017. From June 2006 to November 2007, Ms. Dick held a key
management position as the Controller/Tax Director at Hiland
Partners, a publicly-traded midstream energy MLP. Ms. Dick has over
20 years of accounting experience, including over eight years of
public company experience in both audit and tax areas. Ms. Dick
received her Bachelor of Business Administration degree in
Accounting from the University of Northern Colorado. Ms. Dick is a
certified public accountant and a member of the American Institute
of CPAs and the Council of Petroleum Accountants
Societies.
Matt Zmigrosky.
Mr. Zmigrosky has served as Executive Vice President, General
Counsel and Secretary of our General Partner since February 2019.
Since February 2019, he has also served as Executive Vice
President, General Counsel and Secretary of both Diamondback and
the General Partner of Viper. Prior to joining Diamondback and
Viper’s general partner, Mr. Zmigrosky was in the private practice
of law for over 15 years. From October 2012 until January 2019, Mr.
Zmigrosky was a partner at Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP,
an international law firm, where he worked extensively with
Diamondback and its subsidiaries. Mr. Zmigrosky received a Bachelor
of Science in Management degree in finance from Tulane University
and a Juris Doctorate degree from Southern Methodist University
Dedman School of Law.
Steven E. West.
Mr. West has served as the Chairman of the Board of our General
Partner since May 2019, and as a director and Chairman of the
General Partner of Viper since February 2014. Mr. West has also
served as a director of Diamondback since December 2011 and as its
Chairman of the Board since October 2012. He served as
Diamondback’s Chief Executive Officer from January 2009 to December
2011. From January 2011 until December 2016, Mr. West was a partner
at Wexford Capital LP, focusing on Wexford’s private equity energy
investments. From August 2006 until December 2010, Mr. West served
as senior portfolio advisor at Wexford. From August 2003 until
August 2006, he was the Chief Financial Officer of Sunterra
Corporation, a former Wexford portfolio company. From December 1993
until July 2003, Mr. West held senior financial positions at Coast
Asset Management and IndyMac Bank. Prior to that, he worked at
First Nationwide Bank, Lehman Brothers and Peat Marwick Mitchell
& Co., the predecessor of KPMG LLP. Mr. West earned a Bachelor
of Science degree in Accounting from California State University,
Chico.
We believe that Mr. West’s background in finance, accounting and
private equity energy investments, as well as his executive
management skills developed as part of his career with Wexford, its
portfolio companies and other financial institutions, qualify him
to serve on the board of directors of our General Partner. In
particular, we believe Mr. West’s strengths in the following core
competencies provide value to our General Partner’s board of
directors: corporate governance; finance/capital markets; financial
reporting/accounting experience; industry background; executive
experience; executive compensation; and risk
management.
Laurie H. Argo.
Ms. Argo is a director of our General Partner and member of the
audit and conflicts committee. Ms. Argo served as a director and
member of the audit committee of EVRAZ plc, a multinational,
vertically integrated steel making and mining company from August
2018 through June 2021, with additional compensation and
stakeholder engagement committee memberships from 2020-2021. From
January 2015 until September 2017, Ms. Argo served as Senior Vice
President of Enterprise Products Holdings LLC, the general partner
of Enterprise Products Partners L.P., a midstream natural gas and
crude oil pipeline company. From January 2014 to January 2015, Ms.
Argo was Vice President, NGL Fractionation, Storage and Unregulated
Pipelines of Enterprise Products Partners L.P. From October 2014 to
February 2015, Ms. Argo was President and Chief Executive Officer
of OTLP GP, LLC, the general partner of Oiltanking Partners, L.P.
and an affiliate of Enterprise Products Partners L.P. From 2005 to
January 2014, Ms. Argo held various positions in the NGL and
Natural Gas Processing
businesses for Enterprise Products Partners L.P., where her
responsibilities included the commercial and financial management
of four joint venture companies. From 2001 to 2004, Ms. Argo worked
for San Diego Gas and Electric Company in San Diego, California,
and PG&E Gas Transmission, a subsidiary of PG&E
Corporation, in Houston, Texas, from 1997 to 2000. Ms. Argo earned
a Master of Business Administration from National University in La
Jolla, California and graduated from St. Edward’s University in
Austin, Texas with a degree in Accounting. Ms. Argo has over 25
years of experience in the energy industry, continues to perform
consulting services for clients in the energy industry and is a
member of the National Association of Corporate Directors
(NACD).
We believe Ms. Argo’s extensive experience in the oil and gas
industry, including the midstream sector, as well as her previous
board and audit committee experience, qualify her for service on
the board of directors of our general partner.
Arturo Vivar.
Mr. Vivar is a director of our General Partner. Mr. Vivar has
served as the Chief Executive Officer of Monterra Energy Holdings
LLC, a midstream development company, since December 2014. Mr.
Vivar was also a founder and served as the Chief Financial Officer
of Rangeland Energy, LLC, a midstream development company, from
November 2009 to March 2013. Prior to that, Mr. Vivar served as the
Vice President of Business Development at WesPac Energy, LLC from
July 2004 to February 2009, where he focused on developing energy
infrastructure, hedging and risk management. Mr. Vivar has more
than 30 years of experience in the energy industry. Mr. Vivar
received his Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering from
Cal Polytechnic University and earned his Master of Business
Administration degree from Stanford University.
We believe Mr. Vivar’s strong background and diverse experience in
the energy industry, especially the midstream sector, qualify him
for service on the board of directors of our General
Partner.
Director Independence and Diversity
The board of directors of our General Partner has five directors,
three of whom are independent as defined under the independence
standards established by Nasdaq and the Exchange Act. Steven E.
West, Laurie H. Argo and Arturo Vivar serve as the independent
members of the board of directors of our General Partner. Although
a majority of the board of directors of our General Partner is
independent, Nasdaq does not require a listed publicly traded
partnership, such as ours, to have a majority of independent
directors on the board of directors of our General Partner,
disclose details regarding board diversity or establish a
compensation committee or a nominating and corporate governance
committee. However, our General Partner is required to have an
audit committee of at least three members, and all its members are
required to meet the independence and experience standards
established by Nasdaq and the Exchange Act.
The board of directors of our General Partner has established an
independent audit committee and a conflicts committee, discussed in
more detail below, and has diverse representatives on its board,
including a female director.
Board Leadership Structure and Role in Risk Oversight
Leadership of our General Partner’s board of directors is vested in
the Chairman of the Board. Steven E. West serves as the Chairman of
the Board of our General Partner and as a director of Diamondback.
Mr. West was also the Chairman of the Board of Diamondback from
October 2012 to February 2022, when he was succeeded in that role
by Mr. Stice. Our General Partner’s board of directors has
determined that Mr. West’s roles of Chairman of the Board of
directors of our General Partner and a director of Diamondback
allows the board of directors to take advantage of the leadership
skills of Mr. West and that Mr. West’s in-depth knowledge of, and
experience in, our business, history, structure and organization
facilitates timely communications between the board of directors of
Diamondback and the board of directors of our General
Partner.
As a partnership engaged in the oil and natural gas industry, we
face a number of risks, including risks associated with supply of
and demand for oil and natural gas, volatility of oil and natural
gas prices, exploring for, developing, producing and delivering oil
and natural gas, declining production, environmental and other
government regulations and taxes, weather conditions that can
affect oil and natural gas operations over a wide area, adequacy of
our insurance coverage, political instability or armed conflict in
oil and natural gas producing regions and the overall economic
environment. Management is responsible for the day-to-day
management of risks we face as a partnership, while the board of
directors of our General Partner, as a whole and through its
committees, has responsibility for the oversight of risk
management. In its risk oversight role, the board of directors of
our General Partner has the responsibility to satisfy itself that
the risk management processes designed and implemented by
management are adequate and functioning as designed.
The board of directors of our General Partner believes that full
and open communication between management and the board is
essential for effective risk management and oversight. The Chairman
of the board of directors of our General Partner meets regularly
with the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer to
discuss strategy and risks facing us. Executive officers may attend
the board meetings of our General Partner and are available to
address any questions or concerns raised by the board on risk
management-related and any other matters. Other members of our
management team periodically attend the board meetings or are
otherwise available to confer with the board to the extent their
expertise is required to address risk management matters.
Periodically, the board of directors of our General Partner
receives presentations from senior management on strategic matters
involving our operations. During such meetings, the board also
discusses strategies, key challenges, and risks and opportunities
for us with senior management.
While the board of directors of our General Partner is ultimately
responsible for our risk oversight, its two committees assist the
board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities in certain areas
of risk. The audit committee assists the board in fulfilling its
oversight responsibilities with respect to risk management in the
areas of financial reporting, internal controls and compliance with
legal and regulatory requirements, and discusses policies with
respect to risk assessment and risk management. The conflicts
committee assists the board in fulfilling its oversight
responsibilities with respect to specific matters that the board
believes may involve conflicts of interest.
Meetings of the Board of Directors
During 2021, the board of directors of our General Partner met five
times. Each director attended 100% of the meetings of the board and
the committees of the board on which he or she served that occurred
during 2021.
Communications with Directors
Unitholders or interested parties may communicate directly with the
board of directors of our General Partner, any committee of the
board, any independent directors, or any one director, by sending
written correspondence by mail addressed to the board, committee or
director to the attention of our Secretary at the following
address: c/o Secretary, Rattler Midstream LP, 500 West Texas, Suite
1200, Midland, Texas. Communications are distributed to the board
of directors, committee of the board of directors, or director as
appropriate, depending on the facts and circumstances outlined in
the communication. Commercial solicitations or communications will
not be forwarded.
Committees of the Board of Directors
The board of directors of our General Partner has an audit
committee and a conflicts committee. We do not have a compensation
committee or a nominating and corporate governance committee.
Rather, the board of directors of our General Partner has authority
over compensation matters and nominating and corporate governance
matters.
Audit Committee
The audit committee assists the board of directors in its oversight
of the integrity of our financial statements and our compliance
with legal and regulatory requirements and partnership policies and
controls. The audit committee has the sole authority to retain and
terminate our independent registered public accounting firm,
approve all auditing services and related fees and the terms
thereof performed by our independent registered public accounting
firm, and pre-approve any non-audit services and tax services to be
rendered by our independent registered public accounting firm. The
audit committee is also responsible for confirming the independence
and objectivity of our independent registered public accounting
firm. Our independent registered public accounting firm is given
unrestricted access to the audit committee and our management, as
necessary. The audit committee has adopted a charter, which is
available on our website under the “corporate governance” section
at
https://www.rattlermidstream.com/investor-relations.
Steven E. West, Laurie H. Argo and Arturo Vivar currently serve on
the audit committee, of which Mr. West serves as the Chairman. The
board of directors of our General Partner has determined each of
Steven E. West, Laurie H. Argo, and Arturo Vivar meet the
independence and experience standards established by the Nasdaq and
the Exchange Act and that Mr. West is an “audit committee financial
expert” as defined under SEC rules.
Conflicts Committee
Our conflicts committee reviews specific matters that the board
believes may involve conflicts of interest and determines to submit
to the conflicts committee for review. The conflicts committee
determines if the resolution of the conflict of interest is in our
best interest. The members of the conflicts committee may not be
officers or employees of our General Partner or directors, officers
or employees of its affiliates, including Diamondback, and must
meet the independence standards established by Nasdaq and the
Exchange Act to serve on an audit committee of a board of
directors, along with other requirements in our partnership
agreement. Any matters approved by the conflicts committee will be
conclusively deemed to be approved by us and all of our partners
and not a breach by our General Partner of any duties it may owe us
or our unitholders. Laurie H. Argo and Arturo Vivar are the members
of the conflicts committee.
Corporate Governance
The board of directors of our General Partner has adopted a Code of
Business Conduct and Ethics, or Code of Ethics, that applies to all
employees, including executive officers, and directors of our
General Partner. Amendments to or waivers from the Code of Ethics
will be disclosed on our website. We have also made the Code of
Ethics available on our website under the “Corporate Governance”
section at
https://www.rattlermidstream.com/investor-relations.
Reimbursement of Expenses of our General Partner
Our partnership agreement requires us to reimburse our General
Partner and its affiliates, including Diamondback, for all expenses
they incur and payments they make on our behalf in connection with
operating our business. Our partnership agreement does not set a
limit on the amount of expenses for which our General Partner and
its affiliates may be reimbursed. These expenses include salary,
bonus, incentive compensation and other amounts paid to persons who
perform services for us or on our behalf and expenses allocated to
our General Partner by its affiliates. Our partnership agreement
provides that our General Partner will determine the expenses that
are allocable to us. In addition, at the closing of our IPO, we and
our General Partner entered into the services and secondment
agreement with Diamondback.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
As is commonly the case for publicly traded limited partnerships,
we have no officers. Our General Partner has the sole
responsibility for conducting our business and for managing our
operations, and its board of directors and executive officers make
decisions on our behalf. Our General Partner’s executive officers
are employed and compensated by Diamondback or a subsidiary of
Diamondback. All of our General Partner’s executive officers that
are responsible for managing our day-to-day affairs are also
current executive officers of Diamondback.
All of the executive officers of our General Partner have
responsibilities to us, Diamondback and Viper, and the executive
officers of our General Partner allocate their time between
managing our business and managing the businesses of Diamondback
and Viper. Since all of these executive officers are employed by
Diamondback or one of its subsidiaries, the responsibility and
authority for compensation-related decisions for these executive
officers resides with the compensation committee of the board of
directors of Diamondback. Diamondback has the ultimate
decision-making authority with respect to the total compensation of
the executive officers that are employed by Diamondback including,
subject to the terms of our partnership agreement and the
operational service and secondment agreement, the portion of that
compensation that is allocated to us pursuant to Diamondback’s
allocation methodology. Any such compensation decisions are not
subject to any approvals by the board of directors of our General
Partner or any committees thereof. However, all determinations with
respect to awards (as defined below) that are made to our General
Partner’s executive officers, key employees, and independent
directors under our LTIP are made by the board of directors of our
General Partner or a committee thereof that may be established for
such purpose.
The executive officers of our General Partner, as well as the
employees of Diamondback who provide services to us, may
participate in employee benefit plans and arrangements sponsored by
Diamondback, including plans that may be established in the future.
Certain of our General Partner’s executive officers and employees
and certain employees of Diamondback who provide services to us
currently hold grants under Diamondback’s and Viper’s equity
incentive plans. Except with respect to any awards that may be
granted under the LTIP, the executive officers of our General
Partner do not receive separate amounts of compensation in relation
to the services they provide to us. In accordance with the terms of
our partnership agreement and the operational service and
secondment agreement, we reimburse Diamondback for compensation
related expenses attributable to the portion of the executive’s
time dedicated to providing services to us. Although we bear
an
allocated portion of Diamondback’s costs of providing compensation
and benefits to employees who serve as executive officers of our
General Partner, we have no control over such costs and do not
establish nor direct the compensation policies or practices of
Diamondback. Except with respect to awards granted under the LTIP,
compensation paid or awarded by us in 2021 consisted only of
the portion of compensation paid by Diamondback that is allocated
to us and our General Partner pursuant to Diamondback’s allocation
methodology and subject to the terms of our partnership
agreement.
A full discussion of the compensation programs for Diamondback’s
executive officers and the policies and philosophy of the
compensation committee of Diamondback’s board of directors will be
set forth in Diamondback’s 2022 proxy statement under the heading
“Compensation Discussion and Analysis.” Specifically, compensation
paid directly by us through our LTIP or indirectly by us through
reimbursement pursuant to our partnership agreement will be
included in the amounts set forth in certain of the tables included
in Diamondback’s 2022 proxy statement, with awards outstanding
pursuant to our LTIP separately identified.
Long-Term Incentive Plan
To incentivize our management and directors to continue to grow our
business, the board of directors of our General Partner adopted a
long-term incentive plan, or the LTIP, for employees, officers,
consultants and directors of our General Partner and any of its
affiliates, including Diamondback, who perform services for
us.
The purpose of the LTIP is to provide a means to attract and retain
individuals who are essential to our growth and profitability and
to encourage them to devote their best efforts to advancing our
business by affording such individuals a means to acquire and
maintain ownership of awards, the value of which is tied to the
performance of our common units. The LTIP provides for the grant of
unit options, unit appreciation rights, restricted units, unit
awards, phantom units, distribution equivalent rights, cash awards,
performance awards, other unit-based awards and substitute awards,
or, collectively, awards. These awards are intended to align the
interests of employees, officers, consultants and directors with
those of our common unitholders and to give such individuals the
opportunity to share in our long-term performance. Any awards that
are made under the LTIP will be approved by the board of directors
of our General Partner or a committee thereof that may be
established for such purpose. We will be responsible for the cost
of awards granted under the LTIP.
During 2021 and 2020, our General Partner made grants under the
LTIP of phantom units to the non-employee directors of our General
Partner (see “–Director Compensation” below for information
regarding those awards). In addition, on May 28, 2019, our General
Partner granted 114,286 and 1,142,857 phantom units, respectively,
to Messrs. Stice and Van’t Hof under the LTIP, with each such grant
vesting in five equal installments beginning on May 28,
2020.
Administration
The LTIP is administered by the board of directors of our General
Partner pursuant to its terms and all applicable state, federal, or
other rules or laws. The board of directors of our General Partner
has the power to determine to whom and when awards will be granted,
determine the amount of awards (measured in cash or common units),
proscribe and interpret the terms and provisions of each award
agreement (the terms of which may vary), accelerate the vesting
provisions associated with an award, delegate duties under the LTIP
and execute all other responsibilities permitted or required under
the LTIP.
Amendment or Termination of Long-Term Incentive
Plan
The plan administrator of the LTIP, at its discretion, may
terminate the LTIP at any time with respect to the common units for
which a grant has not previously been made. The plan administrator
of the LTIP also has the right to alter or amend the LTIP or any
part of it from time to time or to amend any outstanding award made
under the LTIP, provided that no change in any outstanding award
may be made that would materially reduce the vested rights or
benefits of the participant without the consent of the affected
participant or result in additional taxation to the participant
under Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, or the Code.
Change of Control
Upon a “change of control” (as defined in the LTIP), the plan
administrator may, in its discretion, (i) remove any
forfeiture restrictions applicable to an award,
(ii) accelerate the time of exercisability or vesting of an
award, (iii) require awards to be surrendered in exchange for
a cash payment, (iv) cancel unvested awards without payment or
(v) make adjustments to awards as the plan administrator deems
appropriate to reflect the change in control. The LTIP provides the
plan administrator discretion to determine whether or not vesting
of awards will accelerate in connection with a change in control
and what conditions will apply to acceleration, such as whether
acceleration will be single trigger or double trigger. The intent
is to give
the plan administrator flexibility to determine the appropriate
form of incentive that will motivate and retain employees and be in
the best interest of equity holders.
Termination of Employment or Service
The consequences of the termination of a participant’s employment,
consulting arrangement or membership on the board of directors of
our General Partner will be determined by the plan administrator in
the terms of the relevant award agreement.
Compensation Report
Neither we nor the board of directors of our General Partner has a
compensation committee. Additionally, as an emerging growth
company, we are not required to include a Compensation Discussion
and Analysis section in this Annual Report. However, the board of
directors of our General Partner has reviewed and discussed the
Compensation Discussion and Analysis set forth above. Based on this
review and discussion, the board of directors of our General
Partner has approved the Compensation Discussion and Analysis for
inclusion in this Annual Report.
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|
|
The Board of Directors of Rattler Midstream GP LLC |
Travis D. Stice |
Kaes Van't Hof |
Steven E. West |
Laurie H. Argo |
Arturo Vivar |
Director Compensation
The executive officers or employees of our General Partner or of
Diamondback who also serve as directors of our General Partner do
not receive additional compensation for their service as a director
of our General Partner. Directors of our General Partner who are
not executive officers or employees of our General Partner or of
Diamondback receive compensation as “non-employee directors” as set
by our General Partner’s board of directors.
Each non-employee director receives a compensation package that
consists of an annual cash retainer of $60,000 plus an
additional annual payment of $15,000 for the chairperson and
$10,000 for each other member of the audit committee and
$10,000 for the chairperson and $5,000 for each other member
of each other committee. Each non-employee director is eligible to
participate in the LTIP as described above and may receive grants
of equity-based awards from time to time for so long as he or she
serves as a director. The number of phantom units awarded is
calculated by dividing $100,000 by the average closing price of our
common units for the five trading days immediately preceding the
date of grant. The awards vest on the first anniversary of the
grate date. Our directors are also reimbursed for out-of-pocket
expenses in connection with attending meetings of the board of
directors or its committees. The maximum value of the annual cash
and equity compensation that any non-employee director may receive
will not exceed $350,000.
Each member of the board of directors of our General Partner is
indemnified for his or her actions associated with being a director
to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law.
The following table sets forth the aggregate dollar amount of all
fees paid to each of the non-employee directors of our General
Partner during 2021 for their services on the board:
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|
Name |
Fees Earned or Paid in cash(a) |
Unit Awards(b) |
Total |
Steven E. West(c)(d)
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
99,965 |
|
$ |
174,965 |
|
Laurie H. Argo(c)(d)
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
99,965 |
|
$ |
174,965 |
|
Arturo Vivar(c)(d)
|
$ |
75,000 |
|
99,965 |
|
$ |
174,965 |
|
(a)This
column reflects the value of a director’s annual
retainer.
(b)The
amount in this column represents the aggregate grant date fair
value of phantom units granted in the fiscal year calculated in
accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting
Standards Codification Topic 718, “Compensation - Stock
Compensation.” Distribution equivalent rights are not reflected in
the aggregate grant date fair value of phantom unit
awards.
(c)Each
of Ms. Argo and Messrs. West and Vivar received a grant of 11,011
phantom units on July 10, 2020, which vested and settled on July
10, 2021, pursuant to the LTIP, with each unit having a grant date
fair value of $8.23. Each phantom unit is the economic equivalent
of one of our common units.
(d)Each
of Ms. Argo and Messrs. West and Vivar received a grant of 9,256
phantom units on July 12, 2021, which will vest and settle on July
12, 2022, pursuant to the LTIP, with each unit having a grant date
fair value of $10.80. Each phantom unit is the economic equivalent
of one of our common units.
Messrs. Stice and Van’t Hof are directors of our General Partner,
and are also executive officers of our General Partner and
employees of Diamondback E&P LLC. Messrs. Stice and Van’t Hof
have received awards pursuant to the LTIP for their service as
executive officers or employees, respectively, and unrelated to
their service as directors of our General Partner. These awards are
reflected in the tables contained in Diamondback’s 2022 proxy
statement under the heading “Compensation Discussion and
Analysis.”
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider
Participation
As previously noted, our General Partner’s board of directors is
not required to maintain, and does not maintain, a separate
compensation committee. Messrs. Van’t Hof and Stice, each a
director and executive officer of our General Partner, are also
directors and executive officers of Diamondback. However, all
compensation decisions with respect to Messrs. Van’t Hof and Stice
are made by Diamondback and Messrs. Van’t Hof and Stice do not
receive any compensation directly from us or our General Partner
except for awards under our LTIP. As described in “– Compensation
Discussion and Analysis,” decisions regarding the compensation of
our General Partner’s executive officers are made by Diamondback.
See “Items 1
and 2. Business and Properties–Our Relationship with
Diamondback”
and “Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence”
included elsewhere in this Annual Report for more information about
relationships among us, our General Partner and
Diamondback.
Compensation Policies and Practices as They Relate to Risk
Management
We do not have any employees. We are managed and operated by the
directors and officers of our General Partner and employees of
Diamondback perform services on our behalf. See
“–Compensation
Discussion and Analysis”
above and “Items 1
and 2. Business and Properties–Our Relationship with
Diamondback”
included elsewhere in this Annual Report for more information about
this arrangement. For an analysis of any risks arising from
Diamondback’s compensation policies and practices, see
Diamondback’s 2022 proxy statement. We have made awards of unit
options subject to time-based vesting under our LTIP, which we
believe drive a long-term perspective and which we believe make it
less likely that our General Partner’s executive officers will take
unreasonable risks because the unit options retain value even in a
depressed market.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN
BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED UNITHOLDER
MATTERS
Holdings of Officers and Directors
The following table presents information regarding the beneficial
ownership of our common units as of January 31, 2022
by:
•our
General Partner;
•each
of our General Partner’s directors and executive officers;
and
•all
of our General Partner’s directors and executive officers as a
group.
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Name of Beneficial Owner |
|
Common Units Beneficially Owned(1)
|
|
Percentage of Common Units Beneficially Owned
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rattler Midstream GP LLC |
|
— |
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Travis D. Stice(2)
|
|
118,419 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kaes Van’t Hof(3)
|
|
268,256 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Teresa L. Dick(4)
|
|
20,749 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Matt Zmigrosky(5)
|
|
8,568 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Laurie H. Argo(6)
|
|
17,225 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arturo Vivar(6)
|
|
30,975 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Steven E. West(6)
|
|
27,100 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
All directors and executive officers of our General Partner as a
group (7 persons) |
|
491,292 |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Less than 1%
(1)Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with SEC rules and generally
includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. In
computing percentage ownership of each person, (i) common units
subject to options held by that person that are exercisable as of
January 31, 2022 and (ii) common units subject to options or
phantom units held by that person that are exercisable or vesting
within 60 days of January 31, 2022 are all deemed to be
beneficially owned. These common units, however, are not deemed
outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership
of each other person. The percentage of common units beneficially
owned is based on 38,139,805 common units outstanding as of
January 31, 2022. Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts
exclude common units issuable upon the exercise of outstanding
options and vesting of phantom units that are not exercisable
and/or vested as of January 31, 2022 or within 60 days of
January 31, 2022. Unless otherwise noted, the address for each
beneficial owner listed below is 500 West Texas Avenue, Suite 1200,
Midland, Texas 79701. Except as noted, each unitholder in the above
table is believed to have sole voting and sole investment power
with respect to the units beneficially held.
(2)All
of these units are held by Stice Investments, Ltd., which is
managed by Stice Management, LLC, its general partner. Mr. Stice
and his spouse hold 100% of the membership interests in Stice
Management, LLC, of which Mr. Stice is the manager. Excludes 68,572
phantom units, that are scheduled to vest in three remaining equal
installments beginning on May 28, 2022.
(3)Excludes
685,715 phantom units, that are scheduled to vest in three equal
installments beginning on May 28, 2022.
(4)Excludes
34,286 phantom units, that are scheduled to vest in three equal
installments beginning on May 28, 2022.
(5)Excludes
13,715 phantom units, that are scheduled to vest in three equal
installments beginning on May 28, 2022.
(6)Excludes
9,256 phantom units, that are scheduled to vest on July 12,
2022.
The following table sets forth, as of January 31, 2022, the
number of shares of common stock of Diamondback beneficially owned
by each of the directors and executive officers of our General
Partner and all directors and executive officers of our General
Partner as a group.
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Shares of Diamondback
Common Stock Beneficially Owned(1)
|
Name of Beneficial Owner |
|
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership |
|
Percentage of
Class |
Travis D. Stice(2)
|
|
403,324 |
|
* |
Kaes Van’t Hof(3)
|
|
45,615 |
|
* |
Teresa L. Dick(4)
|
|
49,535 |
|
* |
Matt Zmigrosky(5)
|
|
14,175 |
|
* |
Laurie H. Argo |
|
— |
|
— |
Arturo Vivar |
|
— |
|
— |
Steven E. West(6)
|
|
3,756 |
|
* |
All directors and executive officers as a group (7
persons) |
|
516,405 |
|
* |
* Less than 1%.
(1)Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with SEC rules. In computing
percentage ownership of each person, (i) shares of common stock
subject to options held by that person that are exercisable as of
January 31, 2022 and (ii) shares of common stock subject to
options or restricted stock units held by that person that are
exercisable or vesting within 60 days of January 31, 2022, are
all deemed to be beneficially owned. These shares, however, are not
deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage
ownership of each other person. The percentage of shares
beneficially owned is based on 177,412,057 shares of common stock
outstanding as of January 31, 2022. Unless otherwise
indicated, all amounts exclude shares issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options and vesting of restricted stock units that are
not exercisable and/or vested as of January 31, 2022 or within
60 days of January 31, 2022. Except as noted, each stockholder
in the above table is believed to have sole voting and sole
investment power with respect to the shares of common stock
beneficially held.
(2)All
of these shares are held by Stice Investments, Ltd., which is
managed by Stice Management, LLC, its general partner. Mr. Stice
and his spouse hold 100% of the membership interests in Stice
Management, LLC, of which Mr. Stice is the manager. Includes 26,325
restricted stock units, that are scheduled to vest on March 1,
2022. Excludes 11,499 restricted stock units, that are scheduled to
vest on March 1, 2023. Also excludes (i) 49,436 performance-based
restricted stock units awarded on March 1, 2019, that vested
effective December 31, 2021 (representing 100% vesting of the
originally reported amount) based upon final determination upon
certification of certain stockholder return performance conditions
relative to Diamondback’s peer group during the three-year
performance period ended on December 31, 2021 by Diamondback’s
compensation committee, (ii) 66,714 performance-based restricted
stock units awarded to Mr. Stice on March 1, 2020, which are
subject to the satisfaction of certain stockholder return
performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s peer group during
the three-year performance period ending on December 31, 2022 and
(iii) 51,748 performance-based restricted stock units awarded to
Mr. Stice on March 1, 2021, which are subject to the satisfaction
of certain stockholder return performance conditions relative to
Diamondback’s peer group during the three-year performance period
ending on December 31, 2023.
(3)Includes
12,955 restricted stock units, that are scheduled to vest on March
1, 2022. Excludes (i) 6,038 restricted stock units, that are
scheduled to vest on March 1, 2023, (ii) 8,790 restricted stock
units, that are scheduled to vest in five equal annual installments
beginning on March 1, 2025, (iii) 23,070 performance-based
restricted stock units awarded on March 1, 2019, that vested
effective December 31, 2021 (representing 100% vesting of the
originally reported amount) based upon final determination upon
certification of certain stockholder return performance conditions
relative to Diamondback’s peer group during the three-year
performance period ended on December 31, 2021 by Diamondback’s
compensation committee, (iv) 13,183 performance-based restricted
stock units awarded to Mr. Van’t Hof on March 1, 2019 (representing
100% vesting of the originally reported amount) based upon final
determination upon certification of certain stockholders return
performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s peer group during
the three-year performance period ended on December 31, 2021, that
are scheduled to vest in five equal installments beginning on March
1, 2025, (v) 31,133 performance-based restricted stock units
awarded to Mr. Van’t Hof on March 1, 2020, that are subject to the
satisfaction of certain stockholder return performance conditions
relative to Diamondback’s peer group during the three-year
performance period ending on December 31, 2022 and (vi) 27,168
performance-based restricted stock units awarded to Mr. Van’t Hof
on March 1, 2021, which are subject to the satisfaction of certain
stockholder return performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s
peer group during the three-year performance period ending on
December 31, 2023.
(4)Includes
7,403 restricted stock units, that are scheduled to vest on March
1, 2022. Excludes 3,450 restricted stock units, that are scheduled
to vest on March 1, 2023. Also excludes (i) 13,183
performance-based restricted stock units awarded to Ms. Dick on
March 1, 2019, that vested effective December 31, 2021
(representing 100% vesting of the originally reported amount) based
upon final determination upon certification of certain stockholder
return performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s peer group
during the three-year performance period ended on December 31, 2021
by Diamondback’s compensation committee, (ii) 17,790
performance-based restricted stock units awarded to Ms. Dick on
March 1, 2020, which awards are subject to the satisfaction of
certain stockholder return performance conditions relative to
Diamondback’s peer group during the three-year performance period
ending on December 31, 2022 and (iii) 15,524 performance-based
restricted stock units awarded to Ms. Dick on March 1, 2021, which
are subject to the satisfaction of certain stockholder return
performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s peer group during
the three-year performance period ending on December 31,
2023.
(5)Includes
5,922 restricted stock units, that are scheduled to vest on March
1, 2022. Excludes 2,760 restricted stock units, that are scheduled
to vest on March 1, 2023. Also excludes (i) 10,546
performance-based restricted stock units awarded to Mr. Zmigrosky
on March 1, 2019, that vested effective December 31, 2021
(representing 100% vesting of the originally reported amount) based
upon final determination upon certification of certain stockholder
return performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s peer group
during the three-year performance period ended on December 31, 2021
by Diamondback’s compensation committee and (ii) 14,232
performance-based restricted stock units awarded to Mr. Zmigrosky
on March 1, 2020, that are subject to the satisfaction of certain
stockholder return performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s
peer group during the three-year performance period ending on
December 31, 2022 and (iii) 12,420 performance-based restricted
stock units awarded to Mr. Zmigrosky on March 1, 2021, which are
subject to the satisfaction of certain stockholder return
performance conditions relative to Diamondback’s peer group during
the three-year performance period ending on December 31,
2023.
(6)Excludes
2,435 restricted stock units that are scheduled to vest on the
earlier of the one-year anniversary of the date of grant and the
date of the 2022 annual meeting of stockholders of
Diamondback.
Holdings of Major Unitholders
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the
beneficial ownership of our common units and Class B units as
of February 14, 2022 by each unitholder known by us to
beneficially own 5% or more of our common units or Class
B units.
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Common Units |
|
Class B Units |
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner |
|
Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
|
Percentage of Class Beneficially Owned |
|
Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership(1)
|
|
Percentage of Class Beneficially Owned |
Diamondback Energy, Inc.(2)
500 West Texas Avenue, Suite
1200
Midland, Texas
79701
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
107,815,152 |
|
|
100 |
% |
Cardinal Capital Management, LLC(3)
4 Greenwich Office
Park
Greenwich, CT
06831
|
|
3,199,594 |
|
|
8.4 |
% |
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|
ClearBridge Investments, LLC
(4)
620 8th Avenue
New York, NY 10018
|
|
3,086,248 |
|
|
8.1 |
% |
|
— |
|
|
— |
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Capital World Investors
(5)
333 South Hope
Street
Los Angeles, CA
90071
|
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2,859,750 |
|
|
7.5 |
% |
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|
Macquarie Group Limited
(6)
50 Martin Place
Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia
|
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2,269,273 |
|
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6.0 |
% |
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|
Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, LP
(7)
1800 Avenue of the Stars, Third
Floor
Los Angeles, CA
90067
|
|
2,065,968 |
|
|
5.4 |
% |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
(1)Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with SEC rules. The
percentage of common units beneficially owned is based on
38,139,805 common units outstanding as of January 31, 2022.
Except as noted, each unitholder in the above table is believed to
have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to the
common units and Class B units beneficially held.
(2)Diamondback
Energy, Inc. is a publicly traded company and holds no common units
and no Class B units directly. Diamondback has the beneficial
ownership of 107,815,152 Class B units, which are held by
Diamondback E&P LLC, its indirect wholly owned subsidiary
(“Diamondback E&P”). The 107,815,152 Class B units, together
with the same number of units of the Operating Company (each, an
“Operating Company unit”), held by Diamondback E&P, are
exchangeable from time to time, at Diamondback’s discretion, for
common units (that is, one Operating Company unit and one Class B
unit, together, are exchangeable for one common unit), and, as a
result, Diamondback may be deemed to have the beneficial ownership
of such common units. Diamondback also has shared voting and
dispositive power of 107,815,152 Class B units held by Diamondback
E&P, which represent 100% of the outstanding Class B units. The
directors of Diamondback are Travis D. Stice, Steven E. West,
Vincent K. Brooks, Michael P. Cross, David L. Houston, Stephanie K.
Mains, Mark L. Plaumann and Melanie M. Trent. Travis D. Stice is
the sole director of Diamondback E&P.
(3)Based
solely on Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 14, 2022 by
Cardinal Capital Management, LLC (“Cardinal Capital”). Cardinal
Capital reported beneficial ownership of 3,199,594 common units, as
well as sole voting power over 2,730,898 common units and sole
dispositive power over 3,199,594 common units. No shared voting
power and no shared dispositive power was reported by Cardinal
Capital.
(4)Based
solely on Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 9, 2022 by
ClearBridge Investments, LLC (“ClearBridge”). The securities
reported are beneficially owned by one or more open‑end investment
companies or other managed accounts that are investment management
clients of ClearBridge, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of
Franklin Resources, Inc. ClearBridge reported beneficial ownership
of, as well as sole voting power and sole dispositive power over,
3,086,248 common units. No shared voting power and no shared
dispositive power was reported by ClearBridge.
(5)Based
solely on Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 16, 2021 by
Capital World Investors (“Capital World”), a division of Capital
Research and Management Company. Capital World reported beneficial
ownership of, as well as sole voting power and sole dispositive
power over, 2,859,750 common units. No shared voting power and no
shared dispositive power was reported by Capital
World.
(6)Based
solely on Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 11, 2022 by
Macquarie Group Limited on behalf of itself and Macquarie
Management Holdings Inc, Macquarie Investment Management Business
Trust and Ivy Investment Management Company. As of December 31,
2021, Macquarie Management Holdings Inc had sole voting and
dispositive power over 2,268,849 shares, Macquarie Investment
Management Business Trust had sole voting and dispositive power
over 2,268,849 shares, and Ivy Investment Management Company had
shared voting and dispositive power over 424 shares. Macquarie
Group Limited is deemed to beneficially own 2,269,273 shares due to
its ownership of the entities above. The address of Macquarie Bank
Limited is 50 Martin Place, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The
address of Macquarie Management Holdings Inc. and Macquarie
Investment Management Business Trust is 2005 Market Street,
Philadelphia, PA 19103. The address of Ivy Investment Management
Company is 6301 Glenwood St Overland Park, KS 66202.
(7)Based
solely on Schedule 13G jointly filed with the SEC on February 3,
2022 by Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. and Richard A. Kayne.
Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. reported beneficial ownership
of, as well as shared voting power and shared dispositive power
over, 2,065,968 common units. Richard A. Kayne reported beneficial
ownership of, as well as shared voting power and shared dispositive
power over, 2,065,968 common units. No sole voting power and no
sole dispositive power was reported by any filer.
Securities Authorized For Issuance Under Equity Compensation
Plans
The following table summarizes information about our equity
compensation plans as of December 31, 2021:
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|
|
|
|
Plan Category |
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and rights (a) |
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants
and rights (b) |
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under
equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column
(a)) (c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |
— |
|
— |
|
— |
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security
holders(1)
|
1,737,525 |
|
— |
|
12,696,146 |
|
Change in Control
Our General Partner may transfer its general partner interest to a
third party without the consent of our unitholders. Furthermore,
our partnership agreement does not restrict the ability of the
owner of our General Partner to transfer its membership interests
in our General Partner to a third party. After any such transfer,
the new member or members of our General Partner would then be in a
position to replace the board of directors and executive officers
of our General Partner with its own designees and thereby exert
significant control over the decisions taken by the board of
directors and executive officers of our General Partner. This
effectively permits a “change of control” without the vote or
consent of the unitholders.
Treatment of Equity Awards Granted under the LTIP Upon Termination,
Resignation and Death or Disability of Certain Executive Officers
of our General Partner and Change of Control
The following sets forth information with respect to the treatment
of the unvested equity awards, which were granted to the executive
officers of our General Partner and were outstanding as of
December 31, 2021 under the LTIP, in connection with certain
termination events, including a termination related to a change of
control of Rattler or Diamondback.
Under the terms of Mr. Stice’s phantom unit awards made to Mr.
Stice under the LTIP, all unvested phantom unit awards granted to
Mr. Stice will accelerate and immediately vest in the following
circumstances: (i) upon the change of control of Rattler or
Diamondback, provided that Diamondback is the sole General Partner
of Rattler, (ii) Mr. Stice’s termination without cause, (iii) Mr.
Stice’s resignation for good reason, or (iv) Mr. Stice’s death or
disability. As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Stice held 68,572
unvested phantom units granted under the LTIP, all which are
scheduled to vest in three equal installments beginning on May 28,
2022, and had a value of $780,349 as of December 31,
2021.
Under the terms of Mr. Van’t Hof’s, Ms. Dick’s and Mr. Zmigrosky’s
phantom unit awards made to these executive officers of our General
Partner under the LTIP, all of their unvested phantom unit awards
will accelerate and immediately vest upon the change of control of
Rattler or Diamondback, provided that Diamondback is the sole
General Partner of Rattler, or upon such executive officer’s death
or disability. As of December 31, 2021, Mr. Van’t Hof held
685,715 unvested phantom units granted under the LTIP, all of which
are scheduled to vest in three equal annual installments beginning
on May 28, 2022, and had a value of $7,803,437 as of
December 31, 2021; Ms. Dick held 34,286 unvested phantom units
granted under the LTIP, all of which are scheduled to vest in three
equal annual installments beginning on May 28, 2022, and had a
value of $390,175 as of December 31, 2021; and Mr. Zmigrosky
held 13,715 unvested phantom units granted under the LTIP, all of
which are scheduled to vest in three equal annual installments
beginning on May 28, 2022, and had an aggregate value of $156,077
as of December 31, 2021. No other executive officers of our
General Partner held equity awards under the LTIP as of
December 31, 2021.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED
TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Agreements and Transactions with Affiliates
We have entered into certain agreements and transactions with
Diamondback and its affiliates.
Commercial Agreements
The Partnership derives substantially all of its revenue from its
commercial agreements with Diamondback for the provision of
midstream services. Under the crude oil gathering agreement, we
receive a volumetric fee per Bbl for gathering, transporting and
delivering crude oil produced by Diamondback within the Acreage
Dedications. Under the natural gas gathering agreement, we receive
a volumetric fee per MMBtu for gathering, compressing, transporting
and delivering all natural gas produced by Diamondback within the
Acreage Dedications. Under the produced gathering and disposal
agreement, we receive a volumetric fee per Bbl for gathering,
transporting and disposing all produced water generated from
operating crude oil and natural gas wells within the Acreage
Dedications. Under the sourced water gathering agreement, we
receive a volumetric fee per Bbl for sourcing, transporting and
delivering all raw sourced water and recycled sourced water
required by Diamondback to carry out its oil and natural gas
activities within the Acreage Dedications. On December 1, 2021, the
Partnership further amended its commercial agreements covering
produced water gathering and disposal and sourced water gathering
services to add certain Diamondback leasehold acreage to the
Rattler dedication.
Fasken Center Agreement
Under this agreement, Diamondback leases from us certain office
space located within the Fasken Center in Midland,
Texas.
Partnership Agreement
Under this agreement, the Partnership reimburses the General
Partner for all direct and indirect expenses incurred or paid on
the Partnership’s behalf and all other expenses allocable to the
Partnership or otherwise incurred by the General Partner in
connection with operating the Partnership’s business. The
Partnership Agreement does not limit the amount of expenses for
which the General Partner and its affiliates may be reimbursed.
These expenses include salary, bonus, incentive compensation and
other amounts paid to persons who perform services for the
Partnership or on its behalf and expenses allocated to the General
Partner by its affiliates. The General Partner is entitled to
determine the expenses that are allocable to the Partnership. See
“Item
10—Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate
Governance—Reimbursement of Expenses of our General
Partner”
included elsewhere in this Annual Report for more details regarding
the reimbursement provisions of our partnership
agreement.
Services and Secondment Agreement
As amended on December 22, 2021, the Holding Company was added as a
party to the services and secondment agreement to support the
Holding Company’s role as the managing member of the Operating
Company. Under this agreement, Diamondback seconds certain
operational, construction, design and management employees and
contractors of Diamondback to our General Partner, us and our
subsidiaries, or, collectively, the partnership parties, to provide
management, maintenance and operational functions with respect to
our assets. During their period of secondment, the seconded
employees are under the direct management, supervision and control
of Diamondback and its subsidiaries (other than the partnership
parties) with respect to the provision of services to the
partnership parties.
The partnership parties reimburse Diamondback for the cost of the
seconded employees and contractors, including their wages and
benefits. If a seconded employee or contractor performs services
for both Diamondback and its subsidiaries (other than the
partnership parties) and the partnership parties, the partnership
parties only reimburse Diamondback for a prorated portion of such
employee’s overall wages and benefits or the costs associated with
such contractor, in each case based on the percentage of the
employee’s or contractor’s time spent working for the partnership
parties, as determined in good faith by Diamondback and its
subsidiaries (other than the partnership parties) and the
partnership parties. The partnership parties will reimburse
Diamondback on a monthly basis or at other intervals that
Diamondback and the General Partner may agree from time to time.
The size of the reimbursement to Diamondback varies with the size
and scale of our operations, among other factors.
The services and secondment agreement has an initial term of 15
years and automatically extends for successive extension terms of
one year each, unless terminated by either party upon at least 30
days’ prior written notice before the end of the initial term or
any extension term. In addition, the partnership parties may
terminate the agreement in whole at any time upon written notice
stating the date of termination or terminate any particular service
provided to the partnership parties by a seconded employee or
contractor under the agreement at any time upon 30 days’ prior
written notice.
Distributions paid to Diamondback
Diamondback is entitled to receive its pro rata portion of the
distributions the Operating Company makes in respect of the
Operating Company units. However, Diamondback is not entitled to
receive cash distributions on our Class B units that it
beneficially owns, except to the extent of the cash preferred
distributions equal to 8% per annum payable quarterly on the $1.0
million capital contribution it made to us. During the year ended
December 31, 2021, Diamondback received distributions from the
Operating Company in the aggregate amount of $97.1
million.
Tax Sharing Agreement
Under this agreement, the Operating Company reimburses Diamondback
for our share of state and local income and other taxes for which
the Operating Company’s results are included in a combined or
consolidated tax return filed by Diamondback. The amount of any
such reimbursement is limited to the tax that the Operating Company
would have paid had it not been included in a combined group with
Diamondback. Diamondback may use its tax attributes to cause its
combined or consolidated group, of which the Operating Company may
be a member for this purpose, to owe less or no tax. In such a
situation, the Operating Company agreed to nevertheless reimburse
Diamondback for the tax the Operating Company would
have owed had the attributes not been available or used for its
benefit, even though Diamondback had no cash tax expense for that
period.
The following table presents the Partnership’s revenues generated
or expenses incurred under these agreements or through transactions
with Diamondback during the year ended December 31,
2021.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, 2021
|
|
(In thousands) |
Revenues Generated under Agreements and Transactions with
Affiliates |
|
Produced
water gathering and disposal commercial agreement |
$ |
263,833 |
|
Sourced water gathering commercial agreement |
$ |
65,503 |
|
Natural gas gathering commercial agreement |
$ |
18,827 |
|
Crude oil gathering commercial agreement |
$ |
8,104 |
|
Surface revenue transactions |
$ |
231 |
|
Fasken Center agreement |
$ |
8,910 |
|
Expenses Incurred under Agreements with Affiliates |
|
Services and secondment agreement |
$ |
7,657 |
|
Partnership agreement |
$ |
738 |
|
Tax sharing agreement |
$ |
1,319 |
|
Procedures for Review, Approval and Ratification of Related Person
Transactions
The board of directors of our General Partner adopted policies for
the review, approval and ratification of transactions with related
persons. Under our Code of Ethics, a director is expected to bring
to the attention of the chief executive officer or the board of
directors of our General Partner any conflict or potential conflict
of interest that may arise between the director or any affiliate of
the director, on the one hand, and us or our General Partner on the
other. The resolution of any such conflict or potential conflict
should, at the discretion of the board of directors of our General
Partner in light of the circumstances, be determined by a majority
of the disinterested directors.
If a conflict or potential conflict of interest arises between our
General Partner or its affiliates, on the one hand, and us or our
common unitholders, on the other hand, the resolution of any such
conflict or potential conflict should be addressed by the board of
directors of our General Partner in accordance with the provisions
of our partnership agreement. At the discretion of the board of
directors of our General Partner in light of the circumstances, the
resolution may be determined by the board of directors of our
General Partner in its entirety or by a conflicts committee meeting
the definitional requirements for such a committee under our
partnership agreement.
Pursuant to our Code of Ethics, any executive officer is required
to avoid conflicts of interest unless approved by the board of
directors of our General Partner.
Our Code of Ethics described above was adopted at the closing of
our IPO, and as a result, the transactions described above were not
reviewed according to such procedures.
Director Independence
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND
SERVICES
The audit committee of the board of directors of our General
Partner selected Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, to audit our consolidated financial
statements for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. The
audit committee’s charter requires the audit committee to approve
in advance all audit and non-audit services to be provided by our
independent registered public accounting firm. All services
reported in the audit, audit-related, tax and all other fees
categories below with respect to our annual reports for the years
ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were approved by the audit
committee.
The following table summarizes the aggregate Grant Thornton LLP
fees that were allocated to us for independent auditing, tax and
related services:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
|
|
(In thousands) |
Audit fees(1)
|
$ |
402 |
|
|
$ |
365 |
|
|
|
Audit-related fees(2)
|
— |
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
Tax fees(3)
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
All other fees(4)
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
Total |
$ |
402 |
|
|
$ |
431 |
|
|
|
(1)Audit
fees represent amounts billed in each of the years presented for
assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the
performance of the annual audit or quarterly reviews.
(2)Audit-related
fees represent amounts billed for each of the periods presented for
professional services rendered in connection with those services
normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory
filings or engagements including comfort letters, consents and
other services related to SEC matters.
(3)Tax
fees represent amounts billed in each of the years presented for
professional services rendered in connection with tax compliance,
tax advice, and tax planning.
(4)All
other fees represent amounts billed in each of the years presented
for services not classifiable under the other categories listed in
the table above.
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT
SCHEDULES
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(a) |
Documents included in this report: |
|
1. Financial Statements |
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2. Financial Statement Schedules |
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Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are
either not required, not applicable or the information required to
be presented is included in our consolidated financial statements
and related notes. |
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3. Exhibits
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Exhibit Number
|
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Description
|
2.1# |
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2.2# |
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2.3# |
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3.1 |
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3.2 |
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3.3 |
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3.4 |
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3.5 |
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3.6 |
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3.7 |
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3.8 |
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3.9 |
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4.1 |
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3. Exhibits
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Exhibit Number
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Description
|
4.2 |
|
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4.3 |
|
Indenture, dated as of July 14, 2020, among Rattler Midstream LP,
as issuer, Rattler Midstream Operating LLC, Tall City Towers LLC,
Rattler OMOG LLC and Rattler Ajax Processing LLC, as guarantors,
and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (including
the form of Rattler Midstream LP’s 5.625% Senior Notes due 2025)
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant’s
Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38919) filed on July 14,
2020).
|
4.4* |
|
Supplemental Indenture,
dated as of December 8, 2021, among Rattler WTG LLC, as
guaranteeing subsidiary, Rattler Midstream LP, as issuer, Rattler
Midstream Operating LLC, Tall City Towers LLC, Rattler OMOG LLC and
Rattler Ajax Processing LLC, as the other guarantors, and Wells
Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee.
|
4.5* |
|
Supplemental Indenture,
dated as of December 22, 2021, among Rattler Holdings LLC, as
guaranteeing subsidiary, Rattler Midstream LP, as issuer, Rattler
Midstream Operating LLC, Tall City Towers LLC, Rattler OMOG LLC and
Rattler Ajax Processing LLC, as the other guarantors, and Wells
Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee.
|
10.1^ |
|
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10.2 |
|
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10.3^ |
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10.4^ |
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10.5^ |
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10.6^ |
|
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10.7^ |
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10.8^ |
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10.9^ |
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10.10 |
|
Credit Agreement, dated as of May 28, 2019, by and among Rattler
Midstream Operating LLC, as borrower, Rattler Midstream LP, as
parent, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the
administrative agent, and certain lenders from time to time party
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File 001-38919) filed on
May 29, 2019).
|
10.11 |
|
First Amendment to the Credit Agreement and Guaranty and Security
Agreement, dated as of October 23, 2019, by and among Rattler
Midstream Operating LLC, as borrower, Rattler Midstream LP, as
parent, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the
administrative agent, and certain lenders from time to time party
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File 001-38919) filed on
October 28, 2019).
|
10.12 |
|
Second Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 2,
2020, by and among Rattler Midstream Operating LLC, as borrower,
Rattler Midstream LP, as parent, Wells Fargo Bank, National
Association, as the administrative agent, and certain lenders from
time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.3 of the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No.
001-38919) filed on November 5, 2020).
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Exhibits
|
Exhibit Number
|
|
Description
|
10.13 |
|
Third Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 21,
2021, among Rattler Midstream Operating LLC, as borrower, Rattler
Midstream LP, as parent, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as
administrative agent, and the lenders from time to time party
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File 001-38919) filed on
December 27, 2021).
|
10.14 |
|
|
10.15+ |
|
|
10.16+ |
|
|
10.17+ |
|
|
10.18+ |
|
|
10.19 |
|
|
10.20 |
|
|
10.21 |
|
|
21.1* |
|
|
23.1* |
|
|
31.1* |
|
|
31.2* |
|
|
32.1++ |
|
|
101 |
|
The following financial information from the Registrant’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, formatted
in Inline XBRL: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated
Statements of Operations, (iii) Consolidated Statements of
Comprehensive Income (iv) Consolidated Statement of Changes in
Unitholders’ Equity, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and
(vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
|
104 |
|
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and
contained in Exhibit 101).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Filed herewith.
|
#
|
The schedules (or similar attachments) referenced in this agreement
have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation
S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule (or similar attachment) will be
furnished supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission
upon request.
|
^
|
Confidential treatment has been requested for certain portions
thereof pursuant to a Confidential Treatment Request filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. Such provisions have been filed
separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
+
|
Management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement. |
++
|
The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 accompany this Annual
Report on Form 10-K pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and
shall not be deemed “filed” by the Registrant for purposes of
Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended.
|
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of
1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Annual Report to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly
authorized.
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|
RATTLER MIDSTREAM LP |
Date: |
February 24, 2022 |
|
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|
By: |
RATTLER MIDSTREAM GP LLC, |
|
|
|
its General Partner |
|
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|
|
By: |
/s/ Travis D. Stice |
|
|
Name: |
Travis D. Stice |
|
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of
1934, this Annual Report has been signed below by the following
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on
the dates indicated.
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|
|
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
/s/ Travis D. Stice |
|
Chief Executive Officer and Director |
|
February 24, 2022 |
Travis D. Stice |
|
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
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|
|
/s/ Teresa L. Dick |
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
February 24, 2022 |
Teresa L. Dick |
|
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
|
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|
/s/ Kaes Van’t Hof |
|
President and Director |
|
February 24, 2022 |
Kaes Van’t Hof |
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/s/ Laurie H. Argo |
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Director |
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February 24, 2022 |
Laurie H. Argo |
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|
/s/ Arturo Vivar |
|
Director |
|
February 24, 2022 |
Arturo Vivar |
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/s/ Steven E. West |
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Director |
|
February 24, 2022 |
Steven E. West |
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING
FIRM
Board of Directors and Unitholders
Rattler Midstream LP
Opinion on the financial statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Rattler Midstream LP (a Delaware limited partnership) and
subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020,
the related consolidated statements of operations, statements of
comprehensive income, changes in unitholders’ equity, and cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2021, and the related notes
(collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our
opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of the Company
as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of
its
operations and its
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public
accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S.
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of
the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error
or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged
to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial
reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an
understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not
for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those
risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as
well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
February 24, 2022
Rattler Midstream LP
Consolidated Balance Sheets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
(In thousands) |
Assets |
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
Cash |
$ |
19,897 |
|
|
$ |
23,927 |
|
Accounts receivable—related party |
58,154 |
|
|
57,447 |
|
Accounts receivable—third party, net |
9,415 |
|
|
5,658 |
|
Sourced water inventory |
13,081 |
|
|
10,108 |
|
Other current assets |
1,181 |
|
|
1,127 |
|
Total current assets |
101,728 |
|
|
98,267 |
|
Property, plant and equipment: |
|
|
|
Land |
98,645 |
|
|
85,826 |
|
Property, plant and equipment |
1,075,405 |
|
|
1,012,777 |
|
Accumulated depreciation, amortization and accretion |
(121,507) |
|
|
(100,728) |
|
Property, plant and equipment, net |
1,052,543 |
|
|
997,875 |
|
Right of use assets |
— |
|
|
574 |
|
Equity method investments |
612,541 |
|
|
532,927 |
|
Real estate assets, net |
84,609 |
|
|
96,687 |
|
Intangible lease assets, net |
3,650 |
|
|
4,262 |
|
Deferred tax asset |
62,356 |
|
|
73,264 |
|
Other assets |
3,708 |
|
|
4,732 |
|
Total assets |
$ |
1,921,135 |
|
|
$ |
1,808,588 |
|
Liabilities and Unitholders’ Equity |
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
$ |
48,267 |
|
|
$ |
42,647 |
|
Taxes payable |
603 |
|
|
192 |
|
Short-term lease liability |
— |
|
|
574 |
|
Asset retirement obligations |
79 |
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
48,949 |
|
|
43,448 |
|
Long-term debt |
687,956 |
|
|
569,947 |
|
Asset retirement obligations |
16,911 |
|
|
15,093 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
753,816 |
|
|
628,488 |
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
|
|
|
|
Unitholders’ equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General Partner—Diamondback |
819 |
|
|
899 |
|
Common units—public (38,356,771 units issued and outstanding as of
December 31, 2021 and 42,356,637 units issued and outstanding
as of December 31, 2020)
|
350,230 |
|
|
385,189 |
|
Class B units—Diamondback (107,815,152 units issued and outstanding
as of December 31, 2021 and as of December 31,
2020)
|
819 |
|
|
899 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
10 |
|
|
(123) |
|
Total Rattler Midstream LP unitholders’ equity |
351,878 |
|
|
386,864 |
|
Non-controlling interest |
815,441 |
|
|
793,638 |
|
Non-controlling interest in accumulated other comprehensive income
(loss) |
— |
|
|
(402) |
|
Total equity |
1,167,319 |
|
|
1,180,100 |
|
Total liabilities and unitholders’ equity |
$ |
1,921,135 |
|
|
1,808,588 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated
financial statements.
Rattler Midstream LP
Consolidated Statements of Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
2021 |
|
2020 |
|
2019 |
|
(In thousands, expect per unit amounts) |
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
Midstream revenues—related party |
$ |
356,498 |
|
|
$ |
379,089 |
|
|
$ |
409,120 |
|
Midstream revenues—third party |
26,893 |
|
|
31,124 |
|
|
24,324 |
|
Other revenues—related party |
8,909 |
|
|
7,801 |
|
|
5,150 |
|
Other revenues—third party |
4,041 |
|
|
5,891 |
|
|
9,079 |
|
Total revenues |
396,341 |
|
|
423,905 |
|
|
447,673 |
|
Costs and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
Direct operating expenses |
102,925 |
|
|
131,393 |
|
|
106,311 |
|
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and
amortization) |
43,470 |
|
|
38,370 |
|
|
62,856 |
|
Real estate operating expenses |
2,231 |
|
|
2,361 |
|
|
2,643 |
|
Depreciation, amortization and accretion |
49,196 |
|
|
53,123 |
|
|
42,336 |
|
Impairment and abandonments |
3,371 |
|
|
918 |
|
|
— |
|
General and administrative expenses |
21,611 |
|
|
16,367 |
|
|
12,663 |
|
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets |
4,956 |
|
|
(729) |
|
|
1,524 |
|
Total costs and expenses |
227,760 |
|
|
|