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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_________________________
FORM 10-Q
_________________________
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________to_________.
Commission File Number: 001-38796
_________________________
GOSSAMER BIO, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter).
_________________________
Delaware 47-5461709
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) 		(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
3013 Science Park Road San Diego California 92121
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (858) 684-1300
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading
Symbol(s) 		Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share GOSS Nasdaq Global Select Market
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:    Yes    ☒       No     ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes      ☒     No      ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☒
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☒
1
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  YES ☐  NO ☒
As of November 5, 2020, the registrant had 75,927,877 shares of common stock ($0.0001 par value) outstanding.
2
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)
GOSSAMER BIO, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and par value amounts)
September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 461,956  $ 135,089 
Marketable securities 93,422  266,740 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 10,828  7,488 
Total current assets 566,206  409,317 
Property and equipment, net 5,717  5,425 
Operating lease right-of-use assets 11,394  10,303 
Other assets 861  1,559 
Total assets $ 584,178  $ 426,604 
LIABILITIES, CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK, AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities
Accounts payable 865  956 
Accrued research and development expenses 12,239  19,258 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 19,503  16,709 
Total current liabilities 32,607  36,923 
Long-term convertible senior notes 142,158  — 
Long-term debt 28,665  28,459 
Operating lease liabilities - long-term 8,647  8,737 
Total liabilities 212,077  74,119 
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 700,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019; 75,907,527 shares issued and
72,475,912 shares outstanding as of September 30, 2020, and 66,284,003 shares issued and 61,635,477 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2019
8  7 
Additional paid-in capital 884,677  686,390 
Accumulated deficit (512,926) (334,170)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 342  258 
Total stockholders' equity 372,101  352,485 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 584,178  $ 426,604 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
GOSSAMER BIO, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Operating expenses:
Research and development $ 41,846  $ 40,148  $ 121,944  $ 100,807 
In process research and development 275  —  18,080  2,000 
General and administrative 11,448  9,838  33,851  27,544 
Total operating expenses 53,569  49,986  173,875  130,351 
Loss from operations (53,569) (49,986) (173,875) (130,351)
Other income (expense), net (4,243) 1,486  (4,881) 4,742 
Net loss $ (57,812) $ (48,500) $ (178,756) $ (125,609)
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation, net of tax 68  —  59  — 
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax (293) (168) 25  389 
Other comprehensive income (loss) (225) (168) 84  389 
Comprehensive loss (58,037) (48,668) (178,672) (125,220)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.80) $ (0.80) $ (2.67) $ (2.39)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted 72,245,897  60,755,872  66,931,512  52,535,569 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
GOSSAMER BIO, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share amounts)
 
Series Seed Series A Series B
convertible
preferred stock 		convertible
preferred stock 		convertible
preferred stock 		Common stock Additional paid-in capital Accumulated deficit Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Total stockholders' equity
Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2019 —  $ —  —  $ —  —  $ —  61,635,477  $ 7  $ 686,390  $ (334,170) $ 258  $ 352,485 
Vesting of restricted stock
—  —  —  —  —  —  404,637  —  —  —  —  — 
Exercise of stock options
—  —  —  —  —  —  4,309  —  15  —  —  15 
Stock-based compensation
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  8,244  —  —  8,244 
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Employee Stock Purchase Plan
—  —  —  —  —  —  49,889  —  556  —  —  556 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (54,074) —  (54,074)
Other comprehensive loss
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (763) (763)
Balance as of March 31, 2020 —  $ —  —  $ —  —  $ —  62,094  $ 7  $ 695,205  $ (388,244) $ (505) $ 306,463 
Issuance of common stock in connection with public offering, net of underwriting discounts, commissions, and offering costs
—  —  —  —  —  —  9,433,963  1  117,093  —  —  117,094 
Equity component of convertible note issuance
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  53,635  —  —  53,635 
Debt issuance costs attributable to convertible feature
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (109) —  —  (109)
Vesting of restricted stock
—  —  —  —  —  —  404,637  —  —  —  —  — 
Exercise of stock options
—  —  —  —  —  —  39,698  —  139  —  —  139 
Stock-based compensation
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  8,900  —  —  8,900 
Net loss
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (66,870) —  (66,870)
Other comprehensive income
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  1,072  1,072 
Balance as of June 30,
2020 		—  $ —  —  $ —  —  $ —  71,972,610  $ 8  $ 874,863  $ (455,114) $ 567  $ 420,324 
Vesting of restricted stock —  —  —  —  —  —  404,637  —  —  —  —  — 
Exercise of stock options —  —  —  —  —  —  32,268  —  131  —  —  131 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  8,923  —  —  8,923 
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Issuance of common stock pursuant to Employee Stock Purchase Plan —  —  —  —  —  —  63,397  —  744  —  —  744 
Other additional paid-in capital —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  16  —  —  16 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (57,812) —  (57,812)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (225) (225)
Balance as of September 30,
2020 		—  $ —  —  $ —  —  $ —  72,472,912  $ 8  $ 884,677  $ (512,926) $ 342  $ 372,101 
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Series Seed Series A Series B
convertible
preferred stock 		convertible
preferred stock 		convertible
preferred stock 		Common stock Additional paid-in capital Accumulated deficit Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Total stockholders' equity
Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2018 20,000,000  $ 29,200  45,714,286  $ 79,615  71,506,513  $ 229,552  8,051,418  $ 2  $ 33,853  $ (153,863) $ (61) $ (120,069)
Issuance of common stock in connection with a public offering, net of underwriting discounts, commissions, and offering costs
—  —  —  —  —  —  19,837,500  2  291,342  —  —  291,344 
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into common stock
(20,000,000) (29,200) (45,714,286) (79,615) (71,506,513) (229,552) 30,493,460  3  338,364  —  —  338,367 
Vesting of restricted stock
—  —  —  —  —  —  1,619,592  —  —  —  —  — 
Stock-based compensation
—  —  —  —  —  —  27,500  —  3,089  —  —  3,089 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (32,611) —  (32,611)
Other comprehensive income
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  140  140 
Balance as of March 31, 2019 —  $ —  —  $ —  —  $ —  60,029,470  $ 7  $ 666,648  $ (186,474) $ 79  $ 480,260 
Vesting of restricted stock
—  —  —  —  —  —  404,637  —  —  —  —  — 
Exercise of stock options
—  —  —  —  —  —  33,273  —  86  —  —  86 
Stock-based compensation
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  5,140  —  —  5,140 
Other additional paid-in capital
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  39  —  —  39 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (44,498) —  (44,498)
Other comprehensive income
—  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  417  417 
Balance as of June 30,
2019 		—  $ —  —  $ —  —  $ —  60,467,380  $ 7  $ 671,913  $ (230,972) $ 496  $ 441,444 
Vesting of restricted
stock 		—  —  —  —  —  —  404,639  —  —  —  —  — 
Exercise of stock options —  —  —  —  —  —  112,939  —  369  —  —  369 
Stock-based compensation —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  5,728  —  —  5,728 
Net loss —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (48,500) —  (48,500)
Other comprehensive loss —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  (168) (168)
Balance as of September 30,
2019 		—  $ —  —  $ —  —  $ —  60,984,958  $ 7  $ 678,010  $ (279,472) $ 328  $ 398,873 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
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GOSSAMER BIO, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss $ (178,756) $ (125,609)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 1,044  625 
Stock-based compensation expense 26,067  13,957 
In process research and development expenses 18,080  2,000 
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets 2,015  1,615 
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs 2,294  148 
Amortization of premium on investments, net of accretion of discounts 24  (2,296)
Net realized gain on investments (256) (1)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (3,340) (2,807)
Other assets 698  2,886 
Operating lease liabilities (1,294) (1,566)
Accounts payable 10  333 
Accrued expenses 2,768  (760)
Accrued research and development expenses (7,019) 8,518 
Accrued compensation and benefits (1,959) 2,263 
Net cash used in operating activities (139,624) (100,694)
Cash flows from investing activities
Research and development asset acquisitions, net of cash acquired (18,080) (2,000)
Purchase of marketable securities (108,969) (399,393)
Maturities of marketable securities 199,029  205,750 
Sales of marketable securities 83,515  4,004 
Purchase of property and equipment (1,253) (2,438)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 154,242  (194,077)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock in a public offering, net 117,110  291,311 
Proceeds from issuance of convertible debt, net 193,596  — 
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs of $1,778
—  28,222 
Purchase of shares pursuant to Employee Stock Purchase Plan 1,300  — 
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options 285  527 
Net cash provided by financing activities 312,291  320,060 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (42) — 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 326,909  25,289 
Cash and cash equivalents, at the beginning of the period 135,089  105,419 
Cash and cash equivalents, at the end of the period $ 461,956  $ 130,708 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest $ 1,911  $ 854 
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities $ 3,106  $ 12,458 
Change in unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of tax $ 25  $ 510 
Unpaid property and equipment $ 83  $ 127 
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock $ —  $ 338,367 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
9
GOSSAMER BIO, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Description of the Business
Gossamer Bio, Inc. (including its subsidiaries, referred to as “we,” “us,” “our,”, or the “Company”) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering, acquiring, developing and commercializing therapeutics in the disease areas of immunology, inflammation and oncology. The Company was incorporated in the state of Delaware on October 25, 2015 (originally as FSG Bio, Inc.) and is based in San Diego, California.
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Gossamer Bio, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions among the consolidated entity have been eliminated in consolidation.
Initial Public Offering in February 2019
On February 12, 2019, the Company completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) with the sale of 19,837,500 shares of common stock, including shares of common stock issued upon the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a public offering price of $16.00 per share, resulting in net proceeds of $291.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and offering expenses.
In addition, in connection with the completion of the IPO, all of the Company’s outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock were automatically converted into 30,493,460 shares of common stock.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has incurred significant operating losses since its inception. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $512.9 million. From the Company’s inception through September 30, 2020, the Company has funded its operations primarily through equity and debt financings. The Company raised $942.0 million from October 2017 through September 30, 2020 through Series A and Series B convertible preferred stock financings, a convertible note financing, its IPO, its Credit Facility (as defined in Note 5 below), and concurrent underwritten public offerings of its 5.00% convertible senior notes due 2027 (the “2027 Notes”) and common stock in May 2020. See Note 5 for additional information regarding the Credit Facility and the 2027 Notes. In addition, the Company received $12.8 million in cash in connection with the January 2018 acquisition of AA Biopharma Inc.
The Company expects to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable. As a result, the Company will need to raise capital through equity offerings, debt financings and other capital sources, including potential collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements. Management believes that it has sufficient working capital on hand to fund operations through at least the next twelve months from the date these condensed consolidated financial statements were available to be issued. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in acquiring additional funding, that the Company’s projections of its future working capital needs will prove accurate, or that any additional funding would be sufficient to continue operations in future years.
COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant business disruption around the globe. The extent of the impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s operational and financial performance will depend on certain developments, including the duration and spread of the pandemic and the impact on the Company’s clinical trials, employees and vendors. At this point, the degree to which COVID-19 may impact the Company’s financial condition or results of operations is uncertain.  A prolonged pandemic could have a material and adverse impact on financial results and business operations of the Company, including the timing and ability of the Company to complete certain clinical trials and other efforts required to advance the development of its product candidates and raise additional capital. For example, the Company commenced enrolling patients for a Phase 1b clinical trial in pulmonary arterial hypertension ("PAH") in the first quarter of 2020, and because the Company temporarily paused enrollment as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic, the Company now expects to report topline results from this trial in the fourth quarter of 2020. In addition, due to the challenges of enrolling patients posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company may experience delays in the commencement of its Phase 2 clinical trial of GB002 in PAH and enrollment of patients in its Phase 2 clinical trials of GB004 in ulcerative colitis and of GB002 in PAH, as well as delays in reporting data results from its ongoing trials.
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2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary, which are of a normal and recurring nature, for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and of the results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 24, 2020. The results of operations for the interim period shown in this report are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. The balance sheet at December 31, 2019, has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements relate to the allocation of the 2027 Notes into liability and equity components, accrued research and development expenses, the valuation of preferred and common stock, the valuation of stock options and the valuation allowance of deferred tax assets resulting from net operating losses. These estimates and assumptions are based on current facts, historical experience and various other factors believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the recording of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Convertible Senior Notes
In accounting for the issuance of the 2027 Notes, the Company separated the 2027 Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of similar debt instruments that do not have associated convertible features. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2027 Notes. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the condition for equity classification. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount (“debt discount”) is amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2027 Notes.
The Company allocated the issuance costs incurred to the liability and equity components of the 2027 Notes based on their relative fair values. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component were recorded as a reduction to the liability portion of the 2027 Notes and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2027 Notes. Issuance costs attributable to the equity component, representing the conversion option, were netted with the equity component in stockholders' equity.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For trade receivables and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking expected loss model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, the losses will be recognized as allowances rather than as reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 as of January 1, 2020. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements or related financial statement disclosures.
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Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The Company uses the if-converted method for assumed conversion of the 2027 Notes to compute the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding for diluted net loss per share. Diluted net loss per share excludes the potential impact of the Company’s common stock options and unvested shares of restricted stock and the potential shares issuable upon conversion of the 2027 Notes because their effect would be anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net loss. Since the Company had a net loss in each of the periods presented, basic and diluted net loss per common share are the same.
The table below provides potentially dilutive securities not included in the calculation of the diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive:
As of September 30,
2020 2019
2027 Notes 12,321,900  — 
Shares issuable upon exercise of stock options 10,266,895  8,099,861 
Non-vested shares under restricted stock grants 4,530,998  5,053,169 
3. Balance Sheet Accounts and Supplemental Disclosures
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):
Estimated
Useful Life
(in years) 		September 30,
2020 		December 31,
2019
Office equipment
3-7
$ 1,153  $ 1,097 
Computer equipment 5 143  124 
Software 3 114  87 
Lab equipment
2-5
4,025  3,054 
Leasehold improvements
6-7
2,540  2,229 
Construction in process N/A —  48 
Total property and equipment 7,975  6,639 
Less: accumulated depreciation 2,258  1,214 
Property and equipment, net $ 5,717  $ 5,425 
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
As of
September 30,
2020 		December 31,
2019
Accrued compensation $ 8,623  $ 9,282 
Operating lease liabilities, current 3,548  2,354 
Accrued professional service fees 2,581  2,347 
Accrued interest, current 3,864  — 
Accrued other 612  1,126 
Accrued in process research and development 275  1,600 
Total accrued expenses $ 19,503  $ 16,709 

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4. Fair Value Measurements and Available for Sale Investments
Fair Value Measurements
The accounting guidance defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2: Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
The Company classifies its cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments within Level 1 or Level 2. The fair value of the Company’s investment grade corporate debt securities and commercial paper is determined using proprietary valuation models and analytical tools, which utilize market pricing or prices for similar instruments that are both objective and publicly available, such as matrix pricing or reported trades, benchmark yields, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, and offers.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table presents the hierarchy for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurements at End of Period Using:
Total
Fair Value 		Quoted Market
Prices for
Identical Assets
(Level 1) 		Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2) 		Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
As of September 30, 2020
Money market funds $ 367,344  $ 367,344  $ —  $ — 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities 53,772  53,772  —  — 
Commercial paper 5,580  —  5,580  — 
Corporate debt securities 53,897  —  53,897  — 
As of December 31, 2019
Money market funds $ 82,125  $ 82,125  $ —  $ — 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities 91,717  91,717  —  — 
Commercial paper 37,411  —  37,411  — 
Corporate debt securities 156,277  —  156,277  — 
The Company did not reclassify any investments between levels in the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.
Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash, interest receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximate fair values because of their short maturities.
Interest receivable as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, was $0.5 million and $1.5 million,respectively, and is recorded as a component of prepaid expenses and other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Company believes that its Credit Facility bears interest at a rate that approximates prevailing market rates for instruments with similar characteristics and, accordingly, the carrying value of the Credit Facility approximates fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of long-term debt utilizing an income approach. The Company uses a present value calculation to discount principal and interest payments and the final maturity payment on these liabilities using a discounted
13
cash flow model based on observable inputs. The debt instrument is then discounted based on what the current market rates would be as of the reporting date. Based on the assumptions used to value these liabilities at fair value, the debt instrument is categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.
As of September 30, 2020 the fair value of the Company’s 2027 Notes was $202.0 million.  The fair value was determined on the basis of market prices observable for similar instruments and is considered Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy (see Note 5).
Available for Sale Investments
The Company invests its excess cash in U.S. Treasury and agency securities and debt instruments of corporations and commercial obligations, which are classified as available-for-sale investments. These investments are carried at fair value and are included in the tables below.  The Company evaluates securities with unrealized losses to determine whether such losses, if any, are due to credit-related factors. Realized gains and losses are calculated using the specific identification method and recorded as interest income or expense. The Company does not generally intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be at maturity.
The aggregate market value, cost basis, and gross unrealized gains and losses of available-for-sale investments by security type, classified in marketable securities and long-term investments as of September 30, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):
Amortized
Cost 		Gross
Unrealized
Gains 		Gross
Unrealized
Losses 		Total
Fair Value
Marketable securities
U.S. Treasury and agency securities $ 35,194  $ —  $ —  $ 35,194 
Commercial paper 5,580  —  —  5,580 
Corporate debt securities 52,346  302  —  52,648 
Total marketable securities $ 93,120  $ 302  $ —  $ 93,422 
At each reporting date, the Company performs an evaluation of impairment to determine if any unrealized losses are due to credit-related factors. The Company records an allowance for credit losses when unrealized losses are due to credit-related factors. Factors considered when evaluating available-for-sale investments for impairment include the severity of the impairment, changes in underlying credit ratings, the financial condition of the issuer, the probability that the scheduled cash payments will continue to be made and the Company’s intent and ability to hold the investment until recovery of the amortized cost basis. The Company intends and has the ability to hold its investments in unrealized loss positions until their amortized cost basis has been recovered. As of September 30, 2020, there were no material declines in the market value of the Company’s available-for-sale investments due to credit-related factors.
Contractual maturities of available-for-sale debt securities, as of September 30, 2020, were as follows (in thousands):
Estimated
Fair Value
Due within one year $ 79,582 
One to two years 13,840 
Total $ 93,422 
The Company has the ability, if necessary, to liquidate any of its cash equivalents and marketable securities to meet its liquidity needs in the next 12 months. Accordingly, those investments with contractual maturities greater than one year from the date of purchase are classified as current assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
5. Indebtedness
Credit Facility
On May 2, 2019, the Company entered into a credit, guaranty and security agreement, as amended on September 18, 2019 and July 2, 2020 (the “Credit Facility”), with MidCap Financial Trust (“MidCap”), as agent and lender, and the additional lenders party thereto from time to time (together with MidCap, the “Lenders”), pursuant to which the Lenders, including affiliates of MidCap and Silicon Valley Bank, agreed to make term loans available to the Company for working capital and
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general business purposes, in a principal amount of up to $150.0 million in term loan commitments, including a $30.0 million term loan that was funded at the closing date, with the ability to access the remaining $120.0 million in two additional tranches (each $60.0 million), subject to specified availability periods, the achievement of certain clinical development milestones, minimum cash requirements and other customary conditions. The Company, GB001, Inc., GB002, Inc., and GB004, Inc., each wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company, are designated as co-borrowers to the Credit Facility, whereas GB003, Inc., GB005, Inc., GB006, Inc., GB007, Inc., GB008, Inc. and Gossamer Bio Services, Inc.,each wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company, are designated as guarantors. The remaining two tranches are available no earlier than the satisfaction of the applicable funding conditions, including the applicable clinical development milestones, and no later than December 31, 2022. As of September 30, 2020, no other tranches under the Credit Facility have been drawn. The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s and its domestic subsidiaries’ personal property, including intellectual property.
Each term loan under the Credit Facility bears interest at an annual rate equal to the sum of (i) one-month LIBOR (customarily defined, with a change to prime rate if LIBOR funding becomes unlawful or impractical) plus (ii) 7.00%, subject to a LIBOR floor of 2.00%.  The borrower is required to make interest-only payments on the term loan for all payment dates prior to July 1, 2022.  The term loans under the Credit Facility will begin amortizing on July 1, 2022, with equal monthly payments of principal plus interest being made by the Company to the Lenders in consecutive monthly installments following such interest-only period until the Credit Facility matures on January 1, 2025.  Upon final repayment of the term loans, the borrower must pay an exit fee of 1.75% of the amount borrowed under the Credit Facility, less any partial exit fees previously paid.  Upon partial prepayment of a portion of the term loans, the borrower must pay a partial exit fee of 1.75% of the principal being prepaid. At the borrower’s option, the borrower may prepay the outstanding principal balance of the term loan in whole or in part, subject to a prepayment fee of 3.00% of any amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs through and including the first anniversary of the second amendment effective date, 2.00% of the amount prepaid if the prepayment occurs after the first anniversary of the second amendment effective date through and including the second anniversary of the second amendment effective date, and 1.00% of any amount prepaid after the second anniversary of the second amendment effective date and prior to January 1, 2025.
The Credit Facility includes affirmative and negative covenants applicable to the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. The affirmative covenants include, among others, covenants requiring such entities to maintain their legal existence and governmental approvals, deliver certain financial reports, maintain insurance coverage, maintain property, pay taxes, satisfy certain requirements regarding accounts and comply with laws and regulations.  The negative covenants include, among others, restrictions on such entities from transferring collateral, incurring additional indebtedness, engaging in mergers or acquisitions, paying dividends or making other distributions, making investments, creating liens, amending material agreements and organizational documents, selling assets and suffering a change in control, in each case subject to certain exceptions.  The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are also subject to an ongoing minimum cash financial covenant in which they must maintain unrestricted cash in an amount not less than 25% of the outstanding principal amount of the term loans. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.
The Credit Facility also includes events of default, the occurrence and continuation of which could cause interest to be charged at the rate that is otherwise applicable plus 3.00% and would provide MidCap, as agent, with the right to exercise remedies against the Company and/or certain of its subsidiaries, and the collateral securing the Credit Facility, including foreclosure against the properties securing the credit facilities, including cash.  These events of default include, among other things, failure to pay any amounts due under the Credit Facility, a breach of covenants under the Credit Facility, insolvency or the occurrence of insolvency events, the occurrence of a change in control, the occurrence of certain U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and regulatory events, failure to remain registered with the SEC and listed for trading on Nasdaq, the occurrence of a material adverse change, the occurrence of a default under a material agreement reasonably expected to result in a material adverse change, the occurrence of certain defaults under certain other indebtedness in an amount greater than $2.5 million and the occurrence of certain defaults under subordinated indebtedness and convertible indebtedness.
Long-term debt as of September 30, 2020 consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2020
Term loan $ 30,000 
Debt discount and issuance costs (1,335)
Long-term debt $ 28,665 
The scheduled future minimum principal payments are as follows (in thousands)
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September 30, 2020
2020 (remaining 3 months) $ — 
2021 — 
2022 5,806 
2023 11,613 
2024 11,613 
2025 968 
Total $ 30,000 
5.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027
On May 21, 2020, the Company issued $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.00% convertible senior notes due 2027 in a public offering. The 2027 Notes were registered pursuant to the Company’s Shelf Registration Statement (as defined in Note 7 below). The interest rate on the 2027 Notes is fixed at 5.00% per annum. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing on December 1, 2020. The 2027 Notes will mature on June 1, 2027. The net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering costs, were approximately $193.6 million. The 2027 Notes may be settled in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination thereof, solely at the Company’s election. The initial conversion rate of the 2027 Notes is 61.6095 shares per $1,000 principal amount, which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $16.23 per share, subject to adjustments. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date or if the Company issues a notice of redemption, the Company will increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its 2027 Notes in connection with such a corporate event during the related redemption period in certain circumstances. 
The 2027 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company, ranking senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2027 Notes, and are effectively subordinated to the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness, including all indebtedness under the Credit Facility.
Holders may convert their notes at their option only in the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter) commencing after the calendar quarter ending on September 30, 2020, if the last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2) during the five consecutive business days immediately after any 10 consecutive trading day period (such 10 consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on the Company’s common stock; (4) if the Company calls such notes for redemption; and (5) at any time from, and including, March 1, 2027 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date.
The Company will not have the right to redeem the 2027 Notes prior to June 6, 2024. On or after June 6, 2024 and on or before the 50th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, the Company may redeem the 2027 Notes, in whole or in part, if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect on (1) each of at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends the related redemption notice; and (2)the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends such notice. In the case of any optional redemption, the Company will redeem the 2027 Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
If the Company undergoes a fundamental change prior to the maturity date of the 2027 Notes, holders of the 2027 Notes may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or part of their 2027 Notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2027 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.
The indenture governing the 2027 Notes provides for customary terms and covenants, including that upon certain events of default, either the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the 2027 Notes then outstanding may declare the unpaid principal amount of the 2027 Notes and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon
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immediately due and payable. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with these covenants. In the case of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal amount of the 2027 Notes together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon will automatically become and be immediately due and payable.
As of September 30, 2020, there were no events or market conditions that would allow holders to convert the 2027 Notes.  At the time the 2027 Notes become convertible within 12 months of the balance sheet date, the carrying value of the 2027 Notes will be reclassified to short-term.
In accounting for the issuance of the 2027 Notes, the Company separated the 2027 Notes into liability and equity components.  The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of similar debt instruments that do not have associated convertible features. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was $53.0 million and was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2027 Notes. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2027 Notes at an effective interest rate of 11.17% over the contractual terms of the 2027 Notes.
In accounting for the debt issuance costs of $0.4 million related to the 2027 Notes, the Company allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components of the 2027 Notes based on their relative fair values. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component were $0.3 million and will be amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual terms of the 2027 Notes. Issuance costs attributable to the equity component were netted with the equity component in stockholders’ equity.
The net carrying amount of the liability component of the 2027 Notes was as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Principal amount $ 200,000  $ — 
Unamortized debt discount (57,557) — 
Unamortized debt issuance cost (285) — 
Net carrying amount $ 142,158  $ — 
The net carrying amount of the equity component of the 2027 Notes was as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Debt discount related to the value of conversion option $ 53,635  $ — 
Debt issuance cost (109) — 
Net carrying amount $ 53,526  $ — 
The following table sets forth the interest expense recognized related to the 2027 Notes (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, 2020 Nine months ended September 30, 2020
2020 2019 2020 2019
Contractual interest expense $ 2,500  $ —  $ 3,639  $ — 
Amortization of debt discount 7  —  10  — 
Amortization of debt issuance cost 1,436  —  2,078  — 
Total interest expense related to the 2027 Notes $ 3,943  $ —  $ 5,727  $ — 
6. Licenses, Asset Acquisitions and Contingent Consideration
The following purchased assets were accounted for as asset acquisitions as substantially all of the fair value of the assets acquired were concentrated in a group of similar assets and/or the acquired assets were not capable of producing outputs due to the lack of employees and early stage of development. Because the assets had not yet received regulatory approval, the fair value attributable to these assets was recorded as in process research and development (“IPR&D”) expenses in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.
The Company accounts for contingent consideration payable upon achievement of certain regulatory, development or sales milestones in such asset acquisitions when the underlying contingency is met.
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License from Pulmokine, Inc. (GB002)
On October 2, 2017, the Company, entered into a license agreement with Pulmokine, Inc. under which it was granted an exclusive worldwide license and sublicense to certain intellectual property rights owned or controlled by Pulmokine to develop and commercialize GB002 and certain backup compounds for the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of any and all disease or conditions. The Company also has the right to sublicense its rights under the license agreement, subject to certain conditions. The assets acquired are in the early stages of the FDA approval process, and the Company intends to further develop the assets acquired through potential FDA approval as evidenced by the milestone arrangement in the contract. The development activities cannot be performed without significant cost and effort by the Company. The agreement will remain in effect from the effective date, unless terminated earlier, until, on a licensed product-by-licensed product and country-by-country basis, the later of ten years from the date of first commercial sale or when there is no longer a valid patent claim covering such licensed product or specified regulatory exclusivity for the licensed product in such country. The Company is obligated to make future development and regulatory milestone payments of up to $63.0 million, commercial milestone payments of up to $45.0 million, and sales milestone payments of up to $190.0 million. The Company is also obligated to pay tiered royalties on sales for each licensed product, at percentages ranging from the mid-single digits to the high single-digits. The Company made an upfront payment of $5.5 million in October 2017. As of September 30, 2020, no milestones had been accrued as the underlying contingencies had not yet been met.
AA Biopharma Inc. Acquisition (GB001)
On January 4, 2018, the Company acquired AA Biopharma Inc. pursuant to a merger agreement, and with the acquisition acquired the rights to GB001 and certain backup compounds. In connection with the merger agreement, the Company issued an aggregate of 20,000,000 shares of Series Seed Convertible Preferred Stock and 1,101,278 shares of Common Stock to the AA Biopharma shareholders. The Company recorded IPR&D of $19.3 million in January 2018 in connection with the acquisition of AA Biopharma.
License from Aerpio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (GB004)
On June 24, 2018, the Company entered into a license agreement with Aerpio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Aerpio”) under which the Company was granted an exclusive worldwide license and sublicense to certain intellectual property rights owned or controlled by Aerpio to develop and commercialize GB004, and certain other related compounds for all applications. The Company made an upfront payment of $20.0 million in June 2018, which represented the purchase consideration for an asset acquisition. On May 11, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to the license agreement with Aerpio pursuant to which the Company made an upfront payment of $15.0 million to Aerpio for a reduction in future milestone payments and royalties. Under the amended license agreement, the Company is obligated to make future approval milestone payments of up to $40.0 million and a sales milestone payment of $50.0 million. The Company also has the right to sublicense its rights under the license agreement, subject to certain conditions. The Company is also obligated to pay tiered royalties on sales for each licensed product, at percentages ranging from low- to mid-single digits, subject to certain customary reductions. Aerpio retains its twenty percent (20.00%) participation right on a disposition of GB004. As of September 30, 2020, no milestones had been accrued as the underlying contingencies had not yet been met.
Adhaere Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Acquisition (GB1275)
On September 21, 2018, the Company acquired Adhaere Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Adhaere”) pursuant to a merger agreement for an upfront payment of $7.5 million in cash, and with the acquisition acquired the rights to GB1275 and certain backup compounds. The Company is obligated to make regulatory, development and sales milestone payments of up to $62.0 million and pay tiered royalties on worldwide net sales, at percentages ranging from low to mid-single digits, subject to customary reductions. In September 2018, the Company recorded IPR&D of $7.5 million in connection with the acquisition of Adhaere. In May 2019, the Company made a milestone payment of $1.0 million in connection with the filing of the Investigational New Drug application for the GB1275 program. As of September 30, 2020, no other milestones had been accrued as the underlying contingencies had not yet been met.
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The Company recorded the following IPR&D expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
GB001 $ —  $ —  $ —  $ — 
GB002 —  —  —  — 
GB004 275  —  15,275  — 
GB1275 —  —  —  1,000 
Other Programs —  —  2,805  1,000 
Total in process research and development $ 275  $ —  $ 18,080  $ 2,000 
7. Stockholders’ Equity
In connection with the Company’s IPO, the outstanding shares of the Company’s Series Seed, Series A, and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock automatically converted into 30,493,460 shares of common stock. Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote. Common stock owners are entitled to dividends when funds are legally available and declared by the Board.
Shelf Registration Statement and Stock Offering
On April 10, 2020, the Company filed a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3, covering the offering from time to time of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and units, which registration statement became automatically effective on April 10, 2020 (the “Shelf Registration Statement”).
On May 21, 2020, the Company completed a public offering of 9,433,963 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $13.25 per share. The net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering costs, were approximately $117.1 million. The shares sold in the offering were registered pursuant to the Company’s Shelf Registration Statement.
Founder Shares
On December 3, 2015, the Company issued 9,160,888 shares of common stock as founder shares for services rendered to the Company, valued at $0.0001 par value per share, for a total of approximately $4,100. On January 4, 2018, incremental vesting conditions were placed on the previously issued founder shares. Fifty percent of the previously issued founder shares vested on January 4, 2018, and the remaining founder shares are subject to vesting restrictions over a period of five years.
Pursuant to the employment agreements with the Company’s founders executed January 4, 2018, the Company provided for certain potential additional issuances of common stock (the “anti-dilution shares”) to each of the founders to ensure the total number of shares of common stock held by them and their affiliates (inclusive of any shares subject to equity awards granted by the Company) would represent 15% of the Company’s fully-diluted capitalization until such time as the Company raised $300.0 million in equity capital, including the capital raised in the Series A financing.
In furtherance of this obligation, on May 21, 2018, the Company issued 251,547 shares of common stock to the founders for services rendered to the Company, valued at $2.61 per share with an additional 251,547 shares of restricted stock subject to the same vesting restrictions and vesting period as the founder shares. In addition, on September 6, 2018, the Company issued 1,795,023 shares of common stock to the founders for services rendered to the Company, valued at $9.63 per share, with an additional 1,795,023 shares of restricted stock subject to the same vesting restrictions and vesting period as the founder shares.
Shares of Common Stock Subject to Repurchase
In November 2017, in connection with the issuance of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, certain employees entered into stock restriction agreements, whereby 1,305,427 shares are subject to forfeiture by the Company upon the stockholder’s termination of employment or service to the Company. In January 2018, the Company’s founders entered into stock restriction agreements, whereby 4,580,444 of previously unrestricted shares of common stock were subject to service vesting conditions. These shares are also subject to forfeiture by the Company upon the stockholders’ termination of employment or service to the Company. Any shares subject to repurchase by the Company are not deemed, for accounting purposes, to be outstanding until those shares vest. As such, the Company recognizes the measurement date fair value of the restricted stock over the vesting period as compensation expense. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, 3,434,613
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and 4,648,526 shares of common stock were subject to repurchase by the Company, respectively. The unvested stock liability related to these awards is immaterial to all periods presented.
8. Equity Incentive Plans
2019 Equity Incentive Plan
In January 2019, the Company’s board of directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “2019 Plan”). The 2019 Plan became effective on February 6, 2019, the day prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement filed in connection with the IPO. Under the 2019 Plan, the Company may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and other stock or cash-based awards to individuals who are then employees, officers, directors or consultants of the Company, and employees and consultants of the Company’s subsidiaries. A total of 5,750,000 shares of common stock were approved to be initially reserved for issuance under the 2019 Plan. The number of shares that remained available for issuance under the 2017 Plan (as defined below) as of the effective date of the 2019 Plan were, and shares subject to outstanding awards under the 2017 Plan as of the effective date of the 2019 Plan that are subsequently canceled, forfeited or repurchased by the Company will be, added to the shares reserved under the 2019 Plan. In addition, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2019 Plan will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year during the ten-year term of the 2019 Plan, beginning with January 1, 2020 and ending with January 1, 2029, by an amount equal to 5% of the outstanding number of shares of the Company’s common stock on December 31 of the preceding calendar year or such lesser amount as determined by the Company’s board of directors. As of September 30, 2020, an aggregate of 1,696,802 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the 2019 Plan and 7,291,966 shares of common stock were subject to outstanding awards under the 2019 Plan.
2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In January 2019, the Company’s board of directors and stockholders approved and adopted the 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP became effective as of February 6, 2019, the day prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement filed in connection with the IPO. The ESPP permits participants to purchase common stock through payroll deductions of up to 20% of their eligible compensation. A total of 700,000 shares of common stock were approved to be initially reserved for issuance under the ESPP. In addition, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the ESPP will be automatically increased on the first day of each calendar year during the first ten-years of the term of the ESPP, beginning with January 1, 2020 and ending with January 1, 2029, by an amount equal to 1% of the outstanding number of shares of the Company’s common stock on December 31 of the preceding calendar year or such lesser amount as determined by the Company’s board of directors. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, 113,286 shares were issued pursuant to the ESPP. As of September 30, 2020, an aggregate of 1,249,554 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the ESPP.
2017 Equity Incentive Plan
The Company’s 2017 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”) permitted the granting of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards. Subsequent to the adoption of the 2019 Plan, no additional equity awards can be made under the 2017 Plan. As of September 30, 2020, 4,071,312 shares of common stock were subject to outstanding options under the 2017 Plan, and 342,006 shares of restricted stock awards granted under the 2017 plan were unvested.
Stock Options
The fair value of each employee and non-employee stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company, prior to the closing of its IPO on February 12, 2019, was a private company and lacked company-specific historical and implied volatility information. Therefore, it estimated its expected volatility based on the historical volatility of a publicly traded set of peer companies. Due to the lack of historical exercise history, the expected term of the Company’s stock options for employees has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards. The expected term of stock options granted to non-employees is equal to the contractual term of the option award. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. Expected dividend yield is zero based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
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The following table summarizes stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Shares Subject to
Options Outstanding 		Weighted-
Average 		 
Shares Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price 		Remaining
Contractual
Life
(Years) 		Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019 8,538,060  $ 13.67  9.0 $ 35,385 
Options granted 2,540,122  $ 14.02 
Option exercised (76,275) $ 3.73 
Options forfeited/cancelled (735,012) $ 13.61 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2020 10,266,895  $ 13.83  8.4 $ 19,221 
Options vested and exercisable as of September 30, 2020 3,274,782  $ 12.57  7.7 $ 10,026 
The aggregate intrinsic value in the above table is calculated as the difference between fair value of the Company’s common stock price on September 30, 2020 and the exercise price of the stock options. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $0.7 million.
The weighted-average grant date fair value per share for the stock option grants during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $10.61.
The aggregate fair value of stock options that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $23.1 million.
Restricted Stock
The summary of the Company’s restricted stock activity is as follows:
Number of
Restricted
Stock Units
Outstanding 		Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2019 4,648,526  $ 3.98 
Granted 1,176,340  $ 11.94 
Vested (1,213,911) $ 3.71 
Forfeited (79,957) $ 12.95 
Nonvested at September 30, 2020 4,530,998  $ 5.96 
At September 30, 2020, the total unrecognized compensation related to unvested restricted stock awards granted was $20.7 million, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.2 years.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense has been reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Research and development $ 4,726  $ 2,727  $ 14,094  $ 6,483 
General and administrative 4,197  3,001  11,973  7,474 
Total stock-based compensation $ 8,923  $ 5,728  $ 26,067  $ 13,957 
At September 30, 2020, the total unrecognized compensation related to unvested stock option awards granted was $61.3 million, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.5 years.
As of September 30, 2020, total unrecognized compensation expense related to the ESPP was $1.9 million, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately one year.
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9. Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
The Company subleases certain office and laboratory space under a non-cancelable operating lease expiring in January 2025 for the initial leased space and December 2022 for expansion space leased pursuant to an amendment to the lease agreement entered into in August 2018. The sublease agreement included options to extend for the entire premises through October 2028. The options to extend must be exercised prior to the termination of the original lease agreement. The period covered by the options was not included in the non-cancellable lease term as it not was not determined to be reasonably certain to be executed. The lease agreement also includes a one-time termination option for the expansion space only whereby the Company can terminate the lease with advance written notice. The termination option was not determined to be reasonably certain to be executed. The lease is subject to charges for common area maintenance and other costs, and base rent is subject to an annual 3% increase each subsequent year. Costs determined to be variable and not based on an index or rate were not included in the measurement of the operating lease liabilities.
In November 2019, the Company entered into an additional non-cancelable lease agreement for certain office and laboratory space (the “permanent space”) in San Diego, California, commencing on May 1, 2020 and expiring on December 31, 2021. The lease agreement includes a lease for temporary space commencing on January 1, 2020 and expiring on the commencement date of the lease of the permanent space. The monthly base rent for the permanent and temporary space is $63,425 and $28,745, respectively. The lease agreement included an option to extend the term of the permanent space for twelve months. The option to extend must be exercised nine months prior to the termination of the original lease agreement. The period covered by the option was not included in the non-cancellable lease term as it not was not determined to be reasonably certain to be executed. The lease is subject to charges for common area maintenance and other costs, and base rent is subject to an annual 3% increase each subsequent year.
In June 2020, the Company entered into a sublease agreement for the permanent space with a third party. The sublease commenced on July 1, 2020 and expires on December 31, 2021. The sublessee pays the monthly base rent of $63,425, subject to an annual 3% increase, and is obligated to pay for common area maintenance and other costs.  The sublessee received a 6 months base rent abatement. The Company determined that there was no impairment on the original right-of-use asset and will continue to account for the permanent space as it did before the commencement of the sublease.  The Company recognized $0.1 million in sublease income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.
On July 29, 2020, the Company entered into a lease assignment agreement, whereby it became the assignee to a lease for certain office and laboratory space in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The lease term expires on December 31, 2026 and the Company has the option to extend the term of the lease by up to five years. The period covered by the option was not included in the non-cancellable lease term as it was not determined to be reasonably certain to be executed. The monthly base rent for the space is $28,495. The lease is subject to charges for common area maintenance and other costs, and base rent is subject to an annual 2.5% increase on January 1 of each year.
Monthly rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the leases. The operating leases are included in the balance sheet at the present value of the lease payments at a weighted-average discount rate of 7% using the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment as the leases do not provide an implicit rate. The weighted average remaining lease term was 3.7 years.
Lease costs were comprised of the following (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, 2020 Nine months ended September 30, 2020
Operating lease cost $ 1,007  $ 2,577 
Short-term lease cost 16  54 
Total lease cost $ 1,023  $ 2,631 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $1.0 million and $2.6 million, respectively.
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Gross future minimum annual rental commitments as of September 30, 2020, were as follows (in thousands):
Undiscounted Rent
Payments
Year ending December 31
2020 (remaining 3 months) $ 1,043 
2021 4,273 
2022 3,579 
2023 2,063 
2024 2,123 
2025 387 
Thereafter 397 
Total undiscounted rent payments $ 13,865 
Present value discount (1,670)
Present value $ 12,195 
Current portion of operating lease liability (included as a component of accrued expenses) 3,548 
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities 8,647 
Total operating lease liability $ 12,195 
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 the Company recorded approximately $1.0 million and $2.9 million, respectively, in rent expense.
Litigation
Kuhne vs. Gossamer Bio, Inc., et. al.
On April 3, 2020, Scott Kuhne, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, filed a putative class action lawsuit against the Company, certain of its executive officers and directors, and the underwriters of its IPO in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California (Case No. 3:20-cv-00649-DMS-MDD). The first amended complaint was filed on August 31, 2020. The complaint was filed on behalf of all persons who purchased or otherwise acquired the Company’s securities between February 8, 2019 and December 13, 2019. The first amended complaint alleges that the Company, certain of its executive officers and directors, and the underwriters of its IPO made false and/or misleading statements and failed to disclose material adverse facts about its business, operations and prospects in violation of Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Sections 10(b) (and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The plaintiff seeks damages, interest, costs, attorneys’ fees, and other unspecified equitable relief. Following meet and confer discussions amongst the parties to the litigation, Plaintiff was granted leave to further amend his complaint by no later than November 20, 2020. Thereafter, the Company’s deadline to move to dismiss or otherwise answer that complaint is January 19, 2021. The Company intends to vigorously defend this matter. Given the uncertainty of litigation, the preliminary stage of the case, and the legal standards that must be met for, among other things, class certification and success on the merits, the Company cannot estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss that may result from this action.


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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis and the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on March 24, 2020.
Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this quarterly report, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, prospective products, product approvals, research and development costs, timing and likelihood of success, plans and objectives of management for future operations, clinical developments and future results of product development programs, are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this quarterly report are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this quarterly report and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of this report and Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 24, 2020. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise.
Overview
We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering, acquiring, developing and commercializing therapeutics in the disease areas of immunology, inflammation and oncology. Our goal is to be an industry leader in each of these therapeutic areas and enhance and extend the lives of patients suffering from such diseases. To accomplish this goal, we have assembled a deeply experienced and highly skilled group of industry veterans, scientists, clinicians and key opinion leaders from leading biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, as well as leading academic centers from around the world. Our collective immunology and translational discovery and development expertise serves as the foundation of our company.
We are pursuing product candidates with strong scientific rationale to address indications where there is both a high unmet need and an opportunity to develop best-in-class or first-in-class programs. We currently have four clinical-stage product candidates, in addition to multiple preclinical programs. We have completed the LEDA Phase 2b clinical trial for our most advanced product candidate, GB001, in moderate-to-severe eosinophilic asthma, and in the fourth quarter of 2020, we announced topline results. GB001 did not achieve its primary endpoint of statistically significant reduction in the portion of patients experiencing asthma worsening, though consistent and meaningful numeric reductions in the odds of asthma worsening were observed across all three drug arms, as compared to placebo. GB001 did achieve statistically significant improvements in the key secondary endpoint of time to first asthma worsening in two of the three drug arms, as compared to placebo. We are engaging global regulatory authorities about the clinical development path forward for GB001 in asthma, to inform our thinking on potential partnerships or strategic alternatives. We have completed the TITAN Phase 2 for GB001 in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, both with and without nasal polyps, and in the fourth quarter of 2020, we announced topline results. GB001 did not achieve its primary or secondary endpoints in the TITAN trial, and we will not pursue further clinical development for GB001 in chronic rhinosinusitis. We are developing GB002 for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, or PAH. We commenced enrolling patients for a Phase 1b clinical trial in PAH in the first quarter of 2020, and because we temporarily paused enrollment as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic, we now expect to report topline results from this trial in the fourth quarter of 2020. We have activated sites for the TORREY Phase 2 clinical trial in PAH, and we expect to
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commence the trial in the fourth quarter of 2020. We expect to report topline results of the TORREY trial in the first half of 2022, subject to developments in the ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic. GB002 has received orphan designation from the FDA and the European Medicines Agency, or EMA, for the treatment of PAH. We are developing GB004 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis, or UC, and Crohn’s disease. In the second quarter of 2020, we announced promising topline Phase 1b clinical trial results in mild-to-moderate UC patients with active disease symptoms and histology. We commenced the SHIFT-UC Phase 2 trial of GB004 in UC in the fourth quarter of 2020. We expect to report topline results of the SHIFT-UC trial in the first half of 2022, subject to developments in the ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic. We are developing GB1275 for the treatment of oncology indications. In the third quarter of 2019, we initiated a Phase 1/2 clinical trial for GB1275 in solid tumor indications as a monotherapy and in combination with either pembrolizumab or chemotherapy. Initial results from this trial were presented at the American Society of Oncology Virtual Program in May of 2020, and further results were presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer meeting in November 2020. GB1275 has received orphan designation from the FDA and the EMA for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Our expectations with respect to reporting of topline data and commencement of clinical trials are subject to risks associated with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic discussed further below.
We were incorporated in October 2015 and commenced operations in 2017. To date, we have focused primarily on organizing and staffing our company, business planning, raising capital, identifying, acquiring and in-licensing our product candidates and conducting preclinical studies and early clinical trials. We have funded our operations primarily through equity and debt financings. We raised $942.0 million from October 2017 through September 30, 2020 through Series A and B convertible preferred stock financings, a convertible note financing, our IPO completed in February 2019, proceeds from our Credit Facility, and proceeds from our concurrent underwritten public offerings of 2027 Notes and common stock in May 2020. In addition, we received $12.8 million in cash in connection with the January 2018 acquisition of AA Biopharma Inc., of which Pulmagen Therapeutics (Asthma) Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary. As of September 30, 2020, we had $555.4 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities.
We have incurred significant operating losses since our inception and expect to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 our net loss was $57.8 million and $178.8 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 our net loss was $48.5 million and $125.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, we had an accumulated deficit of $512.9 million. We expect our expenses and operating losses will increase substantially as we conduct our ongoing and planned clinical trials, continue our research and development activities and conduct preclinical studies, and seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates, as well as hire additional personnel, protect our intellectual property and incur additional costs associated with being a public company. In addition, as our product candidates progress through development and toward commercialization, we will need to make milestone payments to the licensors and other third parties from whom we have in-licensed or acquired our product candidates, including GB002, GB004 and GB1275. Our net losses may fluctuate significantly from quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year, depending in particular on the timing of our clinical trials and preclinical studies and our expenditures on other research and development activities.
We do not expect to generate any revenue from product sales unless and until we successfully complete development and obtain regulatory approval for one or more of our product candidates, which we expect will take a number of years. If we obtain regulatory approval for any of our product candidates, we expect to incur significant commercialization expenses related to product sales, marketing, manufacturing and distribution. Accordingly, until such time as we can generate substantial product revenues to support our cost structure, if ever, we expect to finance our cash needs through equity offerings, debt financings or other capital sources, including potentially collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements. However, we may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms or at all. Our failure to raise capital or enter into such other arrangements when needed could have a negative impact on our financial condition and on our ability to pursue our business plans and strategies. If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed, we could be forced to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product candidate development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market our product candidates even if we would otherwise prefer to develop and market such product candidates ourselves.
COVID-19 Pandemic
The current COVID-19 worldwide pandemic has presented substantial public health and economic challenges and is affecting our employees, patients, communities and business operations, as well as the U.S. and global economies and financial markets. International and U.S. governmental authorities in impacted regions are taking actions in an effort to slow the spread of COVID-19, including issuing varying forms of “stay-at-home” orders, and restricting business functions outside of one’s home. In response, we have implemented a work-from-home policy for certain of our employees. To date, we have been able to continue to supply our product candidates to our patients currently enrolled in our clinical trials, including for GB002, GB004
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and GB1275, and do not currently anticipate any interruptions in supply. In addition, while we are continuing the clinical trials we have underway in sites across the globe, COVID-19 precautions have delayed, such as the previous pause in enrollment in our Phase 1b clinical trial for GB002 in PAH earlier this year, and may continue to delay completion of these and future trials and may directly or indirectly impact the timeline for data readouts, initiation of, as well as monitoring, data collection and analysis and other related activities for, some of our current and future clinical trials. For example, our current expectations for when we will initiate our planned Phase 2 clinical trial of GB002 and how we will enroll our Phase 2 clinical trials of GB002 and GB004 are based on an assumption that clinical trial and healthcare activities begin to return to normal and clinical sites remain open or reopen during the fourth quarter of 2020 and first half of 2021 in light of the continued spread of COVID-19. In particular with respect to GB002, some PAH clinical trial sites are currently closed as PAH patients may be at a higher risk of COVID-19 complications than the general population, and some PAH clinical trials may close again if there is a surge of COVID-19 cases in the specific geographies of such trial site locations. Therefore, our assumptions around initiation timing may prove to be incorrect, in particular if COVID-19 continues to spread. In light of recent developments relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, and consistent with the FDA’s updated industry guidance for conducting clinical trials, clinical trials may be deprioritized in favor of treating patients who have contracted the virus or to prevent the spread of the virus. This may lead to clinical trial protocol deviations or to discontinuation of treatment for patients who are currently enrolled in our trials. Any delays in the completion of our clinical trials, data analysis or readouts and any disruption in our supply chain could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will directly or indirectly impact our business, results of operations and financial condition, will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain, including as a result of new information that may emerge concerning COVID-19 and the actions taken to contain or treat it, as well as the economic impact on local, regional, national and international markets.
Components of Results of Operations
Revenue
We have not generated any revenue since our inception and do not expect to generate any revenue from the sale of products for the foreseeable future.
Operating expenses
Research and development
Research and development expenses have related primarily to preclinical and clinical development of our product candidates and discovery efforts. Research and development expenses are recognized as incurred and payments made prior to the receipt of goods or services to be used in research and development are capitalized until the goods or services are received.
Research and development expenses include or could include:
•salaries, payroll taxes, employee benefits, and stock-based compensation charges for those individuals involved in research and development efforts;
•external research and development expenses incurred under agreements with contract research organizations, or CROs, investigative sites and consultants to conduct our clinical trials and preclinical and non-clinical studies;
•laboratory supplies;
•costs related to manufacturing our product candidates for clinical trials and preclinical studies, including fees paid to third-party manufacturers;
•costs related to compliance with regulatory requirements; and
•facilities, depreciation and other allocated expenses, which include direct and allocated expenses for rent, maintenance of facilities, insurance, equipment and other supplies.
Our direct research and development expenses consist principally of external costs, such as fees paid to CROs, investigative sites and consultants in connection with our clinical trials, preclinical and non-clinical studies, and costs related to manufacturing clinical trial materials. We deploy our personnel and facility related resources across all of our research and development activities. We track external costs and personnel expense on a program-by-program basis and allocate common expenses, such as facility related resources, to each program based on the personnel resources allocated to such program. Stock-based compensation and personnel and common expenses not attributable to a specific program are considered unallocated research and development expenses.
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We plan to substantially increase our research and development expenses for the foreseeable future as we continue the development of our product candidates and conduct discovery and research activities for our preclinical programs. We cannot determine with certainty the timing of initiation, the duration or the completion costs of current or future preclinical studies and clinical trials of our product candidates due to the inherently unpredictable nature of preclinical and clinical development. Clinical and preclinical development timelines, the probability of success and development costs can differ materially from expectations. We anticipate that we will make determinations as to which product candidates to pursue and how much funding to direct to each product candidate on an ongoing basis in response to the results of ongoing and future preclinical studies and clinical trials, regulatory developments and our ongoing assessments as to each product candidate’s commercial potential. We will need to raise substantial additional capital in the future.
Our clinical development costs may vary significantly based on factors such as:
•the costs incurred as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including clinical trial delays;
•per patient trial costs;
•the number of trials required for approval;
•the number of sites included in the trials;
•the countries in which the trials are conducted;
•the length of time required to enroll eligible patients;
•the number of patients that participate in the trials;
•the number of doses that patients receive;
•the drop-out or discontinuation rates of patients;
•potential additional safety monitoring requested by regulatory agencies;
•the duration of patient participation in the trials and follow-up;
•the cost and timing of manufacturing our product candidates;
•the phase of development of our product candidates; and
•the efficacy and safety profile of our product candidates.
In process research and development
In process research and development, or IPR&D, expenses include IPR&D acquired as part of an asset acquisition or in-license for which there is no alternative future use, are expensed as incurred.
IPR&D expenses consist of our upfront payments made to Pulmokine, Inc., in connection with the in-license of GB002, the value of our stock issued to former AA Biopharma Inc. shareholders, in connection with the acquisition of GB001, our upfront payments made to Aerpio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Aerpio, in connection with the in-license and subsequent amendment of the in-license of GB004, our upfront and milestone payments made to Adhaere Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Adhaere, in connection with the acquisition of GB1275, and upfront and milestone payments made in connection with the acquisition of certain preclinical programs.
General and administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and employee-related costs, including stock-based compensation, for personnel in executive, finance and other administrative functions. Other significant costs include facility-related costs, legal fees relating to intellectual property and corporate matters, professional fees for accounting and consulting services and insurance costs.
We expect our general and administrative expenses will increase for the foreseeable future to support our expanded infrastructure and increased costs of operating as a public company. These increases will likely include increased expenses related to audit, legal, regulatory and tax-related services associated with maintaining compliance with exchange listing and
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SEC requirements, director and officer insurance premiums, and investor relations costs associated with operating as a public company.
Other income, net
Other income, net consists of (1) interest income on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, (2) sublease income, (3) interest expense related to our Credit Facility and our 5.00% 2027 Notes, and (4) other miscellaneous income (expense).
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make judgments and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our condensed consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events, and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our judgments and estimates in light of changes in circumstances, facts and experience. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies as discussed in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 24, 2020, with the exception of policies put in place with regards to the 2027 Notes (see Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Convertible Senior Notes” to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, of this Form 10-Q).
Results of Operations – Comparison of the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
The following table sets forth our selected statements of operations data for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
Three months ended September 30, 2020 vs 2019
2020 2019 Change
(in thousands)
Operating expenses:
Research and development $ 41,846  $ 40,148  $ 1,698 
In process research and development 275  —  275 
General and administrative 11,448  9,838  1,610 
Total operating expenses 53,569  49,986  3,583 
Loss from operations (53,569) (49,986) (3,583)
Other income (expense), net (4,243) 1,486  (5,729)
Net loss $ (57,812) $ (48,500) $ (9,312)
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The following table sets forth our selected statements of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
Nine months ended September 30, 2020 vs 2019
2020 2019 Change
(in thousands)
Operating expenses:
Research and development $ 121,944  $ 100,807  $ 21,137 
In process research and development 18,080  $ 2,000  16,080 
General and administrative 33,851  27,544  6,307 
Total operating expenses 173,875  130,351  43,524 
Loss from operations (173,875) (130,351) (43,524)
Other income (expense), net (4,881) 4,742  (9,623)
Net loss $ (178,756) $ (125,609) $ (53,147)
Operating Expenses
Research and development
Research and development expenses were $41.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $40.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, for an increase of $1.7 million, which was primarily attributable to an increase of costs related to personnel.
Research and development expenses were $121.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $100.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, for an increase of $21.1 million, which was primarily attributable to an increase of $14.1 million of costs related to personnel and an increase of $4.6 million of costs associated with other preclinical studies.
The following table shows our research and development expenses by program for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
(in thousands) (in thousands)
GB001 $ 11,716  $ 11,007  $ 31,258  $ 29,205 
GB002 11,687  8,856  26,593  24,002 
GB004 10,598  5,246  18,522  14,455 
GB1275 6,181  4,484  13,620  9,861 
Other Programs 1,664  10,555  31,951  23,284 
Total research and development $ 41,846  $ 40,148  $ 121,944  $ 100,807 
In process research and development
There were no significant IPR&D expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 or 2019.
IPR&D expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $18.1 million, compared to $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, for an increase of $16.1 million, which was primarily attributable to a $15.0 million upfront payment to Aerpio in connection with the amendment to the in-license agreement of GB004.
General and administrative
General and administrative expenses were $11.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $9.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, for an increase of $1.6 million, which was primarily attributable to a $1.2 million increase in stock-based compensation costs.
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General and administrative expenses were $33.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $27.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, for an increase of $6.3 million, which was primarily attributable to a $4.5 million increase in stock-based compensation costs and a $1.8 million increase in personnel costs.
Other income (expense), net
Other expense, net was $4.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to other income, net of $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, for a decrease of $5.7 million, which was primarily attributable to a $4.0 million increase in interest expense and a $1.7 million decrease in investment income earned on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities during the period.
Other expense, net was $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to other income, net of $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, for a decrease of $9.6 million, which was primarily attributable to a $6.7 million increase in interest expense and a $3.0 million decrease in investment income earned on our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities during the period.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have incurred substantial operating losses since our inception and expect to continue to incur significant operating losses for the foreseeable future and may never become profitable. As of September 30, 2020, we had an accumulated deficit of $512.9 million.
Our primary use of cash is to fund operating expenses, which consist primarily of research and development expenditures, and to a lesser extent, general and administrative expenditures. Cash used to fund operating expenses is impacted by the timing of when we pay these expenses, as reflected in the change in our outstanding accounts payable and accrued expenses.
From our inception through the nine months ended September 30, 2020, our operations have been financed primarily by gross proceeds of $942.0 million from the sale of our convertible preferred stock, convertible promissory note, proceeds from our IPO, proceeds from our Credit Facility, and proceeds from our concurrent underwritten public offerings of 2027 Notes and common stock. As of September 30, 2020 we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $555.4 million. Cash in excess of immediate requirements is invested in accordance with our investment policy, primarily with a view to capital preservation and liquidity.
On February 12, 2019, we closed our IPO and the underwriters in the IPO purchased 19,837,500 shares, including the full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares of common stock. The net proceeds from the IPO were $291.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering costs. In connection with the closing of the IPO, the outstanding shares of our convertible preferred stock were converted into shares of common stock at a ratio of 4.5-to-one.
On May 2, 2019, we entered into a credit, guaranty and security agreement, as amended on September 18, 2019 and July 2, 2020, pursuant to which the lenders party thereto agreed to make term loans available to us for working capital and general business purposes, in a principal amount of up to $150.0 million in term loan commitments, including a $30.0 million term loan which was funded at the closing date, with the ability to access the remaining $120.0 million in two additional tranches (each $60.0 million), subject to specified availability periods, the achievement of certain clinical development milestones, minimum cash requirements and other customary conditions, or the Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2020, no other tranches under the Credit Facility have been drawn.
On April 10, 2020, we filed a registration statement on Form S-3, or the Shelf Registration Statement, covering the offering from time to time of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants and units, which registration statement became automatically effective on April 10, 2020.
In May 2020, we issued $200.0 million aggregate principal amount 5.00% convertible senior notes due 2027 in a registered public offering. The interest rate on the 2027 Notes is fixed at 5.00% per annum. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year commencing on December 1, 2020. The total net proceeds from the 2027 Notes, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering costs, were approximately $193.6 million. Concurrent with the registered underwritten public offering of the 2027 Notes, we completed an underwritten public offering of 9,433,963 shares of our common stock. We received net proceeds of $117.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering costs. Our concurrent offerings of 2027 Notes and common stock were registered pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement.
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Additional information about our long-term borrowings is presented in Note 5 “Indebtedness” to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, of this Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by this reference.
The following table shows a summary of our cash flows for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively:
Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019
(in thousands)
Net cash used in operating activities $ (139,624) $ (100,694)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 154,242  (194,077)
Net cash provided by financing activities 312,291  320,060 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents $ 326,909  $ 25,289 
Operating activities
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, operating activities used approximately $139.6 million of cash, primarily resulting from a net loss of $178.8 million and changes in operating assets and liabilities of $10.1 million, reduced by stock-based compensation expense of $26.1 million and IPR&D expense of $18.1 million. Net cash used in changes in operating assets and liabilities consisted primarily of changes in accrued research and development expenses and prepaid expenses and other current assets.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, operating activities used approximately $100.7 million of cash, primarily resulting from a net loss of $125.6 million, partially reduced by stock-based compensation expense of $14.0 million and changes in operating assets and liabilities of $10.5 million. Net cash provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities consisted primarily of changes in operating lease right of use assets and liabilities, other assets, accounts payable, accrued research and development expenses, and accrued compensation and benefits of $14.1 million, offset by cash used in prepaid expenses and other current assets and accrued expenses of $3.6 million.
Investing activities
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, investing activities provided approximately $154.2 million of cash, primarily resulting from the sales and maturities of marketable securities of $282.5 million, offset by the purchases of marketable securities of $109.0 million and a $15.0 million upfront payment to Aerpio in connection with the amendment to the in-license agreement of GB004.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, investing activities used approximately $194.1 million of cash, primarily resulting from the purchase of marketable securities of $399.4 million, milestone payments of $2.0 million, and purchases of property and equipment of $2.4 million, offset by sales and maturities of investments of $209.8 million.
Financing activities
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, financing activities provided $312.3 million of cash, primarily resulting from the concurrent registered underwritten public offerings of 2027 Notes and our common stock for net proceeds of $193.6 million and $117.1 million, respectively.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, financing activities provided $320.1 million of cash, primarily resulting from the net proceeds from our IPO of $291.3 million and proceeds from a long-term debt facility of $30 million, offset by $1.8 million of debt issuance costs.
Funding requirements
Based on our current operating plan, we believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and access to our Credit Facility, will be sufficient to fund our operations into the second half of 2023. However, our forecast of the period of time through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is a forward-looking statement that involves risks and uncertainties, and actual results could vary materially. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our capital resources sooner than we expect. Additionally, the process of testing product candidates in clinical trials is costly, and the timing of progress and expenses in these trials is uncertain.
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Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
•the type, number, scope, progress, expansions, results, costs and timing of, our preclinical studies and clinical trials of our product candidates which we are pursuing or may choose to pursue in the future;
•the costs and timing of manufacturing for our product candidates;
•the costs, timing and outcome of regulatory review of our product candidates;
•the costs of obtaining, maintaining and enforcing our patents and other intellectual property rights;
•our efforts to enhance operational systems and hire additional personnel to satisfy our obligations as a public company, including enhanced internal controls over financial reporting;
•the costs associated with hiring additional personnel and consultants as our preclinical and clinical activities increase;
•the timing and amount of the milestone or other payments we must make to the licensors and other third parties from whom we have in-licensed our acquired our product candidates;
•the costs and timing of establishing or securing sales and marketing capabilities if any product candidate is approved;
•our ability to achieve sufficient market acceptance, coverage and adequate reimbursement from third-party payors and adequate market share and revenue for any approved products;
•the terms and timing of establishing and maintaining collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements;
•costs associated with any products or technologies that we may in-license or acquire; and
•any delays and cost increases that result from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Until such time as we can generate substantial product revenues to support our cost structure, if ever, we expect to finance our cash needs through equity offerings, our Credit Facility, debt financings or other capital sources, including potentially collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements.
However, we may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such other arrangements when needed on favorable terms or at all. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of our stockholders will be or could be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our common stockholders. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise funds through collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams, research programs or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us and/or may reduce the value of our common stock. Our failure to raise capital or enter into such other arrangements when needed could have a negative impact on our financial condition and on our ability to pursue our business plans and strategies. If we are unable to raise additional capital when needed, we could be forced to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product candidate development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market our product candidates even if we would otherwise prefer to develop and market such product candidates ourselves.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Under our license agreements with Pulmokine and Aerpio and our merger agreement with Adhaere, as well as our other license and acquisition agreements, we have payment obligations that are contingent upon future events such as our achievement of specified development, regulatory and commercial milestones and are required to make royalty payments in connection with the sale of products developed under those agreements. As of September 30, 2020, we were unable to estimate the timing or likelihood of achieving the outstanding milestones or making future product sales and, therefore, any related payments had not been accrued as the underlying contingencies had not yet been met.
We enter into contracts in the normal course of business with clinical trial sites and clinical supply manufacturers and with vendors for preclinical studies, research supplies and other services and products for operating purposes. These contracts
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generally provide for termination after a notice period, and, therefore, are cancelable contracts. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, there have been no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business in the composition of these contractual obligations or commitments from the information discussed in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Obligations and Commitments” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 24, 2020, with the exception of the contractual obligations and commitments related to the 2027 Notes issued in May 2020.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined under the rules and regulations of the SEC.
JOBS Act
As an emerging growth company under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act, we can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption and, therefore, we will be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. We intend to rely on other exemptions provided by the JOBS Act, including without limitation, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of Sarbanes-Oxley.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the consummation of our IPO, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, (iii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeded $700.0 million as of the last business day of the second fiscal quarter of such year, or (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during the prior three-year period.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As of September 30, 2020, there have been no material changes surrounding our market risk, including interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange risk, and inflation risk, from the discussion provided in Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 24, 2020.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic and current reports that we file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. In addition, the design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
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Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We discuss certain legal proceedings in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the caption “Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements,” in Note 9 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which is captioned “Commitments and Contingencies,” under the sub-caption “Litigation,” and refer you to that discussion, which is incorporated herein by reference to that Note 9, for important information concerning those legal proceedings, including the basis for such actions and, where known, the relief sought.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed by us in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 24, 2020, and in Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020 filed with the SEC on May 14, 2019 and August 8, 2020, respectively, except as follows:
The topline data from our LEDA Phase 2b clinical trial for GB001 may not be predictive of future results, are subject to audit and verification procedures that could result in material changes in the final data, or adversely affect the ability to advance GB001 into Phase 3 clinical development or establish partnerships or strategic alternatives.
In October 2020, we announced topline data for our LEDA Phase 2b and TITAN Phase 2 clinical trials for GB001, which was based on a preliminary analysis of then-available data, and the results and related findings and conclusions are subject to change following a more comprehensive review of the data. We made certain assumptions, estimations, calculations and conclusions as part of our analyses of data, and we may not have received or had the opportunity to fully and carefully evaluate all data. As a result, the topline results that we reported may differ from future results of the same studies, or different conclusions or considerations may qualify such results, once additional data have been received and fully evaluated. Topline data also remain subject to audit and verification procedures that may result in the final data being materially different from the preliminary data we previously published. As a result, topline data should be viewed with caution until the final data are available. We are discussing the results of the LEDA trial with global regulatory authorities and explore potential partnerships or strategic alternatives for the GB001 program. Regulatory agencies or potential partners may not accept or agree with our assumptions, estimates, calculations, conclusions or analyses or may interpret or weigh the importance of data differently, which could materially and adversely affect the feasibility of a Phase 3 development program or the approvability or commercialization of GB001 and the value of the program or our company generally. Further, we may not be successful in establishing strategic partnerships or collaborations for GB001 based on the topline data, regulatory feedback or otherwise, and may not realize the benefits of any established arrangements. In addition, the information we publicly disclosed regarding our LEDA Phase 2b clinical trial results for GB001 included what is typically extensive information; however, others may not agree with what we determined was the material or otherwise appropriate information to include in our disclosure, and any information we determined not to disclose may ultimately be deemed significant with respect to future decisions, conclusions, views, activities or otherwise regarding the potential of GB001 or our business. If the topline data that we reported differ from actual results, or if others, including regulatory authorities or potential partners, disagree with the conclusions reached, our ability to obtain approval for, and commercialize, GB001, or partner the program, may be harmed, which could harm our business, results of operations, prospects or financial condition.
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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
None.
Use of Proceeds
On February 7, 2019, our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-228984) was declared effective by the SEC for our initial public offering. At the closing of the offering on February 12, 2019, we sold 19,837,500 shares of common stock, which included the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase 2,587,500 additional shares, at an initial public offering price of $16.00 per share and received gross proceeds of $317.4 million, which resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $291.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $22.2 million and offering-related transaction costs of approximately $3.9 million. None of the expenses associated with the initial public offering were paid to directors, officers, persons owning ten percent or more of any class of equity securities, or to their associates, or to our affiliates. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, SVB Leerink LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Evercore Group L.L.C. acted as joint book-running managers for the offering.
As of September 30, 2020, we have not used any of the proceeds from our initial public offering. There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our initial public offering from that described in the final prospectus filed by us with the SEC on February 8, 2019.
Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
Not Applicable.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not Applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The exhibits filed or furnished as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are set forth on the Exhibit Index, which Exhibit Index is incorporated herein by reference.
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number 		Exhibit Description Incorporated by Reference Filed Herewith
Form Date Number
3.1 8-K 2/12/2019 3.1
3.2 10-Q 5/12/2020 3.2
4.1 S-1/A 1/23/2019 4.1
4.2 S-1 12/21/2018 4.2
4.3 8-K 5/21/2020 4.1
4.4 8-K 5/21/2020 4.2
4.5 8-K 5/21/2020 4.3
10.1 8-K 7/2/2020 10.1
31.1 X
31.2 X
32.1* X
32.2* X
101.INS XBRL Report Instance Document X
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document X
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document X
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document X
101.PRE XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document X
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document X
* This certification is deemed not filed for purpose of section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
GOSSAMER BIO, INC.
Date: November 10, 2020 By: /s/ Sheila Gujrathi
Sheila Gujrathi
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 10, 2020 By: /s/ Bryan Giraudo
Bryan Giraudo
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
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