PLAG Planet Green Holdings Corp

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements

See Accompanying Notes to the Financial Statements

Planet Green Holdings Corp. (the “Company” or “PLAG”) is registered as a corporation in the state of Nevada. The Company conducts its primary business activities through its subsidiaries located in the People’s Republic of China, including its operating subsidiary Taishan Muren Agriculture Co. Ltd. Through its subsidiaries, the Company grow herbs and spices, sell sauces and other products developed from these herbs and spices, and offer a variety of food and beverage products, including packaged sauce, tea and brown rice syrup, to consumers and food service businesses.

Method of accounting

Management has prepared the accompanying financial statements and these notes in accordance to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America; the Company maintains its general ledger and journals with the accrual method accounting.

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the Company, and its subsidiaries, which are listed below:

Management has eliminated all significant inter-company balances and transactions in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Ownership interests of subsidiaries that the Company does not wholly-own are accounted for as non-controlling interests.

On May 18, 2018, the Company incorporated Planet Green Holdings Corporation (“Planet Green BVI”), a limited company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. On September 28, 2018, Planet Green BVI acquired JianShi Technology Holding Limited, a limited company, incorporated in Hong Kong on February 21, 2012 and Shanghai Xunyang Internet Technology Co. Ltd., a wholly-owned foreign entity incorporated in Shanghai, PRC on August 29, 2012. The formation and acquisition of these companies was to implement the Company’s restructuring plans.

On September 28, 2018, the Company was restructured by disposing its equity interest in International Lorain and its subsidiaries to the former Chairman, Mr. Si Chen, and re-acquiring certain equity interest in certain of these subsidiaries,; namely, Shandong Greenpia, Beijing Lorain, and Luotian Lorain, indirectly through Planet Green BVI. Please refer to Form 8-K filed on October 2, 2018. The Company entered into exclusive arrangements with Shandong Greenpia, Luotian Lorain, Taishan Muren, and Shenzhen Lorain and its shareholders that give the Company the ability to substantially influence its daily operations and financial affairs. The Company entered into exclusive arrangements with Beijing Lorain; however, the Company does not have significant influence over Beijing Lorain and Beijing Lorain is accounted for as equity method investment.

In December 2018, the Company’s management determined that it would discontinue the operations of Shandong Greenpia and Luotian Lorain. Accordingly, the Company has recorded full impairment related to the value of those assets.

In December 2018, the Company was no longer able to exercise significant influence over Beijing Lorain, and management did not believe that the Company would be able recover the value of its investment; accordingly, the Company recognized full impairment of its investment in Beijing Lorain.

Consolidation of Variable Interest Entity

VIEs are entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders lack adequate decision-making ability. Any VIE with which the Company is involved must be evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the risks and rewards of the VIE. Management makes ongoing reassessments of whether the Company is the primary beneficiary.

On December 14, 2017, the Company formed Shenzhen Lorain as a limited company under the laws of the PRC. Through Shandong Greenpia, the Company entered into exclusive VIE agreements with Lorain Food (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (“Shenzhen Lorain”) and its shareholders that give the Company the ability to substantially influence Shenzhen Lorain’s daily operations and financial affairs and appoint its senior executives. The Company is considered the primary beneficiary of Shenzhen Lorain and it consolidates its accounts as a VIE. On September 27, 2018, the agreements were terminated due to the Company’s restructuring and Shenzhen Lorain was no longer a variable interest entity under Shandong Greenpia.

As of March 31, 2019, the following entities were de-consolidated from the structure as a result of the sale agreement executed on September 28, 2018:

Discontinued operations

In 2017, the Company discontinued the operations in Shandong Lorain Co. Ltd. and Dongguan Lorain Co., Ltd. As a result, the financial results of these two subsidiaries are presented as discontinued operations.

In the first quarter of 2018, the Company’s board of directors resolved to discontinue the operations of Junan Hongrun Foodstuff Co. Ltd.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company disposed International Lorain Holding Inc. and its subsidiaries: Junan Hongrun Foodstuff Co., Ltd., Shandong Lorain Co., Ltd., Dongguan Lorain Co., Ltd. as a result of the sale agreement.

In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company’s board of directors resolved to discontinue the operations of Beijing Lorain Co, Ltd., Luotian Lorain Co., Ltd., and Shandong Greenpia Foodstuff Co., Ltd.

Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made; however, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Investment securities

The Company classifies securities it holds for investment purposes into trading or available-for-sale. Trading securities are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. All securities not included in trading securities are classified as available-for-sale.

Trading and available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value. Unrealized holding gains and losses on trading securities are included in the net income. Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on available for sale securities are excluded from net income and are reported as a separate component of other comprehensive income until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities are determined on a specific-identification basis.

A decline in the market value of any available-for-sale security below cost that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results in a reduction in carrying amount to fair value. The impairment is charged as an expense to the statement of income and comprehensive income and a new cost basis for the security is established. To determine whether impairment is other-than-temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, the severity and duration of the impairment, changes in value subsequent to year end, and forecasted performance of the investee.

Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related available-for-sale security as an adjustment to yield using the effective-interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables are recognized and carried at the original invoice amount less allowance for any uncollectible amounts. An estimate for doubtful accounts is made when collection of the full amount is no longer probable. Bad debts are written off as incurred.

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials and finished goods which are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Finished goods are comprised of direct materials, direct labor, inbound shipping costs, and allocated overhead. The Company applies the weighted average cost method to its inventory.

Advances and prepayments to suppliers

The Company makes advance payment to suppliers and vendors for the procurement of raw materials. Upon physical receipt and inspection of the raw materials from suppliers the applicable amount is reclassified from advances and prepayments to suppliers to inventory.

Plant and equipment

Plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method. The Company typically applies a salvage value of 0% to 10%. The estimated useful lives of the plant and equipment are as follows:

The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts, and any gain or loss are included in the Company’s results of operations. The costs of maintenance and repairs are recognized to expenses as incurred; significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.

Construction in progress and prepayments for equipment

Construction in progress and prepayments for equipment represent direct and indirect acquisition and construction costs for plants, and costs of acquisition and installation of related equipment. Amounts classified as construction in progress and prepayments for equipment are transferred to plant and equipment when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the assets for their intended use are completed. Depreciation is not provided for assets classified in this account.

Land use rights

Land use rights are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over a specified period. Amortization is provided using the straight-line method over 40-50 years.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired in a business combination. The Company conducts an annual assessment of its goodwill for impairment. If the carrying value of its goodwill exceeds its fair value, then impairment has incurred; accordingly, a charge to the Company’s results of operations will be recognized during the period. Fair value is generally determined using a discounted expected future cash flow analysis.

Accounting for the impairment of long-lived assets

The Company annually reviews its long-lived assets for impairment or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable. Impairment may be the result of becoming obsolete from a change in the industry, introduction of new technologies, or if the Company has inadequate working capital to utilize the long-lived assets to generate the adequate profits. Impairment is present if the carrying amount of an asset is less than its expected future undiscounted cash flows.

If an asset is considered impaired, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the asset. Assets to be disposed are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

Statutory reserves

Statutory reserves are referring to the amount appropriated from the net income in accordance with laws or regulations, which can be used to recover losses and increase capital, as approved, and are to be used to expand production or operations. PRC laws prescribe that an enterprise operating at a profit must appropriate and reserve, on an annual basis, an amount equal to 10% of its profit. Such an appropriation is necessary until the reserve reaches a maximum that is equal to 50% of the enterprise’s PRC registered capital.

Foreign currency translation

The accompanying financial statements are presented in United States dollars. The functional currencies of the Company are the Renminbi (RMB). The Company’s assets and liabilities are translated into United States dollars from RMB at year-end exchange rates, and its revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period. Capital accounts are translated at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred.

The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currencies and all foreign exchange transactions must be conducted through authorized financial institutions.

Revenue recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of arrangement exists, the price has been fixed or is determinable, the delivery has been completed and no other significant obligations of the Company exists, and collectability of payment is reasonably assured. Payments received prior to all of the foregoing criteria are recorded as customer deposits. Recorded revenue is derived from the value of goods invoiced less value-added tax (VAT).

Advertising

All advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Shipping and handling

All outbound shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred.

Research and development

All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Retirement benefits

Retirement benefits in the form of mandatory government sponsored defined contribution plans are charged to the either expenses as incurred or allocated to inventory as part of overhead.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income tax using an asset and liability approach and allows for recognition of deferred tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach, deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or that future realization is uncertain.

Comprehensive income

The Company uses FASB ASC Topic 220, “Reporting Comprehensive Income”. Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and all changes to the statements of stockholders’ equity, except the changes in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders due to investments by stockholders.

Earnings per share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per share”. Basic EPS is measured as the income or loss available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis from the potential conversion of convertible securities or the exercise of options and or warrants; the dilutive effects of potentially convertible securities are calculated using the as-if method; the potentially dilutive effect of options or warrants are calculated using the treasury stock method. Securities that are potentially an anti-dilutive effect (i.e. those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

Financial instruments

The Company’s financial instruments, including cash and equivalents, accounts and other receivables, accounts and other payables, accrued liabilities and short-term debt, have carrying amounts that approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments held by the Company. ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” defines fair value, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for receivables and current liabilities each qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of their fair values because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows:

The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity,” and ASC 815.

Commitments and contingencies

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated.

Unaudited interim financial information

These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial reporting and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit reduced disclosure for interim periods. Therefore, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. In the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented have been made. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.

The consolidated balance sheets and certain comparative information as of December 31, 2018 are derived from the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year ended December 31, 2018 (“2018 Annual Financial Statements”), included in the Company’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2018 Annual Financial Statements.

Recent accounting pronouncements

In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance which simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment. The updated guidance eliminates Step 2 of the impairment test, which requires entities to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, determined in Step 1. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on the financial statements of this guidance.

In January 2017, the FASB amended the existing accounting standards for business combinations. The amendments clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses.

The Company is evaluated the timing and the impact of the aforesaid guidance on the financial statements.

Restricted cash represents interest bearing deposits placed with banks to secure banking facilities in the form of loans and notes payable. The funds are restricted from immediate use and are designated for settlement of loans or notes when they become due.

The Company extends credit terms of 15 to 60 days to the majority of its domestic customers, which include third-party distributors, supermarkets and wholesalers.

Inventories consisted of the following as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018

Property, plant, and equipment consisted of the following as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $109,528 and $152,379 respectively.

All of the Company’s continuing operations are located in the PRC. The corporate income tax rate in the PRC is 25%.

The following tables provide the reconciliation of the differences between the statutory and effective tax expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

The difference between the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate was as follows for the Three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:

Components of basic and diluted earnings per share were as follows:

For the year ended December 31, 2016, Taishan Muren Agriculture Co., Ltd. entered into four operating lease agreements leasing two plots of land where biological assets are grown, two offices, and farming facilities. For the year ended December 31, 2017, Taishan Muren Agriculture Co. Ltd. entered into three operating lease agreements leasing three additional plots of land where biological assets are grown. For the year ended December 31, 2018

The leases entered and expires as follows:

The minimum future lease payments for these properties at March 31, 2019 are as follows:

The outstanding lease commitments for the leases listed above as of March 31, 2019 was $2,511,333.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842).” The new standard requires lessees to recognize lease assets (right of use) and lease obligations (lease liability) for leases previously classified as operating leases under generally accepted accounting principles on the balance sheet for leases with terms in excess of 12 months. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is assessing the impact of the adoption of the new standard.

Other expenses consisted of the following:

As of December 31, 2018, the Company has reclassified the results of operations and the financial position of Luotian Lorain and Shandong Greenpia as discontinued operations. Selected details regarding those discontinued operations are provided below. Selected details regarding those discontinued operations are provided below.

The Company’s deposits are made with banks located in the PRC. They do not carry federal deposit insurance and may be subject to loss of the banks become insolvent.

Since the Company’s inception, the age of account receivables has been less than one year indicating that the Company is subject to minimal risk borne from credit extended to customers.

The company is subject to interest rate risk when short term loans become due and require refinancing.

The Company’s operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by changes in the political, economic, and legal environments in the PRC.

The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environment and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

The Company has procured environmental licenses required by the PRC government. The Company has both a water treatment facility for water used in its production process and secure transportation to remove waste off site. In the event of an accident, the Company has purchased insurance to cover potential damage to employees, equipment, and local environment.

Management monitors changes in prices levels. Historically inflation has not materially impacted the company’s financial statements; however, significant increases in the price of raw materials and labor that cannot be passed to the Company’s customers could adversely impact the Company’s results of operations.

On April 10, 2019, the Company’s executive officers determined to dispose the discontinued subsidiaries, Luotian Green Foodstuff Co., Ltd. and Shandong Greenpia Foodstuff Co., Ltd. for the interests of the Company and its stockholders.

On April 29, 2019, the Company issued a press release (the “Press Release”) announcing that on April 26, 2019, the NYSE American LLC (“NYSE American”) notified the Company that the Company had regained compliance with the NYSE American listing requirements because it has resolved the continued listing deficiency with respect to Section 1003(a)(i) and Section 1003(a)(ii) of the NYSE American Company Guide.

On May 9, 2019, the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary Shanghai Xunyang Internet Technology Co., Ltd. (“Subsidiary”) entered into a Share Exchange Agreement with Xianning Bozhuang Tea Products Co., Ltd. (“Target”) and each of the shareholders of Target (collectively, “Sellers”). Such transaction closed on May 14, 2019. Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, the Subsidiary acquired all outstanding equity interests of Target, a company that produces tea products and sells such products in China. Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,080,000 shares of common stock of the Company to the Sellers in exchange for the transfer of all of the equity interest of the Target to the Subsidiary.