General and administrative
In the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022, general and administrative expense increased by $1.6 million, or 27%, and $6.8 million or 40%, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, respectively. The increases were primarily driven by the additional infrastructure and spending from the acquisition of Neos (“Neos Acquisition”) in March 2021, partially offset by reduced spending by our Consumer Health segment.
Acquisition related costs
In the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, acquisition related costs were $1.5 million and $2.8 million, respectively, which were primarily related to the Neos Acquisition in March 2021. Such costs include legal fees, due diligence expenses and financial advisory fees. There was no such cost during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022.
Restructuring costs
In the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, restructuring costs were $4.8 million and $4.9 million, respectively, primarily related to the Neos Acquisition, which was closed on March 19, 2021. There was no such cost during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022.
Impairment expense
In the three months ended March 31, 2022, we recognized total impairment expense of $45.2 million, consisting of (i) $37.7 million in goodwill impairment, (ii) $4.9 million intangible assets write-down, (iii) $2.0 million inventory write-down, (iv) $0.4 million other assets write-down and (v) $0.2 million property and equipment write-down. In the nine months ended March 31, 2022, we recognized total impairment expense $64.6 million, consisting of (i) $57.2 million in goodwill impairment, (ii) $4.9 million intangible assets write-down, (iii) $2.0 million inventory write-down, (iv) $0.4 million other assets write-down and (v) $0.2 million property and equipment write-down. The impairment expense related to write-down of assets was due to the discontinuation of commercializing certain products in our BioPharma Segment. See Note 8 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements for further information.
In the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, we recognized impairment expense of $4.3 million related to impairment of the Natesto licensed intangible asset, which was divested on March 31, 2021.
Amortization of intangible assets
In the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022, amortization expense of intangible assets, excluding amounts included in cost of sales, decreased by $0.5 million, or 33%, and $1.5 million, or 32%, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, respectively. The decrease was primarily related to licensed intangible assets that were being amortized during the three months ended March 31, 2021 but have subsequently been divested or discontinued.
Other income/(expense), net
In the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022, other expense, net decreased by $0.4 million, or 87%, and $1.5 million, or 95%, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, respectively. The decreases were primarily due to proceeds from the Natesto divestiture, partially offset by increases in interest expense from our debt.
Gain (loss) from contingent consideration
In the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022, net gain from contingent consideration increased by $0.6 million, or 99%, and $3.4 million, or 128%, compared to the three and nine months ended March 31, 2021, respectively. In each of the three and nine months ended March 31, 2022, gain from contingent consideration included a $0.6 million