NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
(dollar values in thousands, except per share data)
Note 1: Organization and Significant Accounting Policies
Business Description
Novan, Inc. (“Novan” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a medical dermatology company focused primarily on researching, developing and commercializing innovative therapeutic products for skin diseases. Its goal is to deliver safe and efficacious therapies to patients, including developing product candidates where there are unmet medical needs. The Company is developing SB206 (berdazimer gel, 10.3%) as a topical prescription gel for the treatment of viral skin infections, with a current focus on molluscum contagiosum. On March 11, 2022, the Company acquired EPI Health, LLC, a specialty pharmaceutical company focused on medical dermatology (“EPI Health”), from Evening Post Group, LLC, a South Carolina limited liability company (“EPG” or the “Seller”). The acquisition of EPI Health (the “EPI Health Acquisition”) has provided the Company with a commercial infrastructure to sell a marketed portfolio of therapeutic products for skin diseases. Subsequent to the acquisition, the Company sells various medical dermatology products for the treatments of plaque psoriasis, rosacea, acne and dermatoses.
Novan was incorporated in January 2006 under the state laws of Delaware. In 2015, Novan Therapeutics, LLC, was organized as a wholly owned subsidiary under the state laws of North Carolina; in March 2019, the Company completed registration of a wholly owned Ireland-based subsidiary, Novan Therapeutics, Limited; and in March 2022, the Company acquired its wholly owned subsidiary, EPI Health, a South Carolina limited liability company.
See Note 2—“Acquisition of EPI Health” for further information regarding the EPI Health Acquisition. The post-acquisition operating results of EPI Health are reflected within the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2022, specifically from March 11, 2022 through March 31, 2022.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The December 31, 2021 year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. Additionally, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm’s report on the December 31, 2021 financial statements included an explanatory paragraph indicating that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
Basis of Consolidation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the operations of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reverse Stock Split
On May 25, 2021, the Company amended its restated certificate of incorporation effecting a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of its outstanding shares of capital stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Reverse Stock Split did not change the number of authorized shares of capital stock of the Company or cause an adjustment to the par value of the Company’s capital stock. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, the Company adjusted (i) the per share exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon the exercise of all outstanding stock options, warrants to purchase shares of common stock and stock appreciation rights, (ii) the share price targets of the Company’s Tangible Stockholder Return Plan and (iii) the number of shares reserved for issuance pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive compensation plans. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split. Stockholders who would have otherwise held a fractional share of capital stock received a cash payment for any fractional share resulting from the Reverse Stock Split in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the closing sales price of the common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market on May 25, 2021, the last trading day immediately prior to the effectiveness of the Reverse Stock Split. See Note 11—“Stockholders’ Equity” for further information regarding the Reverse Stock Split.
All disclosures of shares and per share data in the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split for all periods presented, and certain amounts within the condensed consolidated balance sheets and condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity were reclassified between common stock and additional paid-in capital.
Liquidity and Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from uncertainty related to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
The Company has evaluated principal conditions and events, in the aggregate, that may raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the date that these financial statements are issued. The Company identified the following conditions:
•The Company has reported a net loss in all fiscal periods since inception and, as of March 31, 2022, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $292,349.
•As of March 31, 2022, the Company had a total cash and cash equivalents balance of $35,492.
•The Company anticipates that it will continue to generate losses for the foreseeable future, and it expects the losses to increase as it continues the development of, and seeks regulatory approvals for, its product candidates and begins activities to prepare for potential commercialization of SB206, if approved.
•The Company has concluded that the prevailing conditions and ongoing liquidity risks faced by the Company, coupled with its current forecasts, including costs associated with implementing the SB206 prelaunch strategy and commercial preparation, raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern.
This evaluation is also based on other relevant conditions that are known or reasonably knowable at the date that the financial statements are issued, including ongoing liquidity risks faced by the Company, the Company’s conditional and unconditional obligations due or anticipated within one year, the funds necessary to maintain the Company’s operations considering its current financial condition, obligations, and other expected cash flows, and other conditions and events that, when considered in conjunction with the above, may adversely affect the Company’s ability to meet its obligations. The Company will continue to evaluate this going concern assessment in connection with the preparation of its quarterly and annual financial statements based upon relevant facts and circumstances, including, but not limited to, its cash and cash equivalents balance and its operating forecast and related cash projection.
Based on the Company’s operating forecast, it believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents balance as of March 31, 2022, plus expected receipts associated with product sales from its commercial product portfolio, will provide it with adequate liquidity to fund its planned operating needs into the early fourth quarter of 2022, but not through the targeted submission of the SB206 new drug application (“NDA”), planned no later than the fourth quarter of 2022. This operating forecast and related cash projection includes (i) costs associated with preparing for and seeking U.S. regulatory approval of SB206 as a treatment for molluscum, including costs to prepare for pre-NDA meetings with the Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) and NDA-enabling drug stability studies for SB206, (ii) costs associated with the readiness of its new corporate headquarters and manufacturing capability necessary to support small-scale drug substance and drug product manufacturing, (iii) conducting drug manufacturing activities with external third-party contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”), (iv) ongoing commercial operations, including sales, marketing, inventory procurement and distribution, and supportive activities, related to its portfolio of therapeutic products for skin diseases acquired with the EPI Health transaction, and (v) initial efforts to support potential commercialization of SB206, but excludes (a) progression of the SB019 program subsequent to the pre-investigational new drug submission, including the execution of a Phase 1 study, (b) any potential costs associated with other late-stage clinical programs, including executing the potentially registrational Phase 3 study of SB204 for acne, and (c) additional operating costs that could occur between a potential NDA submission for SB206 through NDA approval, including, but not limited to, marketing and commercialization efforts to achieve potential launch of SB206. The Company may decide to revise its development, commercial and operating plans or the related timing, depending on information it learns through its research and development activities, including regulatory submission efforts related to SB206, commercialization strategies, ongoing commercial operations, the impact of outside factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company’s ability to enter into strategic arrangements or other transactions, its ability to access additional capital and its financial priorities. The Company does not currently have sufficient funds to complete commercialization of any of its product candidates that are under development, and its funding needs will largely be determined by its commercialization strategy for SB206, subject to the NDA submission timing and the regulatory approval process and outcome, and the operating performance of its commercial product portfolio.
The inability of the Company to obtain significant additional funding on acceptable terms, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and cause the Company to alter or reduce its planned operating activities, including, but not limited to, delaying, reducing, terminating or eliminating planned product candidate development activities, to conserve its cash and
cash equivalents. The Company may pursue additional capital through equity or debt financings or from non-dilutive sources, including partnerships, collaborations, licensing, grants or other strategic relationships. The Company’s anticipated expenditure levels may change if it adjusts its current operating plan. Such actions could delay development timelines and have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations, financial condition and market valuation.
The Company may also explore the potential for additional strategic transactions, such as strategic acquisitions or in-licenses, sales or divestitures of some of its assets, or other potential strategic transactions, which could include a sale of the Company. If the Company were to pursue such a transaction, it may not be able to complete the transaction on a timely basis or at all or on terms that are favorable to the Company. Alternatively, if the Company is unable to obtain significant additional funding on acceptable terms or progress with a strategic transaction, it could instead determine to dissolve and liquidate its assets or seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. If the Company decides to dissolve and liquidate its assets or to seek protection under the bankruptcy laws, it is unclear to what extent the Company would be able to pay its obligations, and, accordingly, it is further unclear whether and to what extent any resources would be available for distributions to stockholders.
Business Acquisitions
The Company accounts for business acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations. ASC 805 requires, among other things, that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recognized at their fair values, as determined in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, as of the acquisition date. For certain assets and liabilities, book value approximates fair value. In addition, ASC 805 establishes that consideration transferred be measured at the closing date of the acquisition at the then-current market price. Under ASC 805, acquisition-related costs (i.e., advisory, legal, valuation and other professional fees) are expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred. The application of the acquisition method of accounting requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions related to the estimated fair values of net assets acquired.
COVID-19
In December 2019, the novel strain of a virus named SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), which causes novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) was reported in China, and in March 2020, the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic. The extent to which COVID-19, and its variant strains, and domestic and global efforts to contain its spread will impact the Company’s business including its operations, preclinical studies, clinical trials, and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time, and include the duration, severity and scope of the pandemic, the availability and effectiveness of vaccines in preventing the spread of COVID-19 (and its variants), and the actions taken by other parties, such as governmental authorities, to contain and treat COVID-19 and its variants.
During the pandemic, the timetable for development of the Company’s product candidates has been impacted and may face further disruption and the Company’s business could be further adversely affected by the outbreak of COVID-19 and its variants. In particular, COVID-19 impacted the timing of trial initiation of the Company’s B-SIMPLE4 Phase 3 study and is a factor influencing the Company’s adjustment of its targeted SB206 submission timing, planned no later than the fourth quarter of 2022.
In addition, certain factors from the COVID-19 pandemic may delay or otherwise adversely affect the Company’s generation of product revenues from its portfolio of therapeutic products for skin diseases, as well as adversely impact the Company’s business generally, including (i) changes in buying patterns caused by lack of normal access by patients to the healthcare system and concern about the supply of medications, (ii) adverse impacts on the Company’s manufacturing operations, supply chain and distribution processes, which may impact its ability to procure, produce and distribute its products or product candidates, (iii) the inability of third parties to fulfill their obligations to the Company due to staffing shortages, production slowdowns or stoppages and disruptions in delivery systems, (iv) the risk of shutdown in countries where the Company relies on CMOs to provide commercial manufacture of its products or clinical batch manufacturing of its product candidates, (v) the ability to procure raw materials needed for the production of the Company’s active pharmaceutical ingredient (“API”) and other manufacturing components for the Company’s product candidates, (vi) the possibility that third parties on which the Company may rely for certain functions and services, including CMOs, suppliers, distributors, logistics providers, and external business partners, may be adversely impacted by restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, which could cause the Company to experience delays or the incurrence of additional costs, and (vii) the risk that the COVID-19 pandemic may intensify other risks inherent in the Company’s business.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company reviews all significant estimates affecting the
condensed consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis and records the effects of any necessary adjustments prior to their issuance.
Significant estimates made by management include provisions for product returns, coupons, rebates, chargebacks, trade and cash discounts, allowances and distribution fees paid to certain wholesalers, inventory net realizable value, useful lives of amortizable intangible assets, stock-based compensation, accrued expenses, valuation of assets and liabilities in business combinations, developmental timelines related to licensed products, valuation of contingent consideration and contingencies. Actual results may differ materially and adversely from these estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and actual results, the Company’s future results of operations will be affected.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements and the related footnote disclosures are unaudited. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial information. The condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature that are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position and its results of operations and cash flows. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or any future period. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 18, 2022.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Prepaid insurance in the amount of $1,697 and other current assets related to leasing arrangement, net in the amount of $109 has been reclassified to prepaid expenses and other current assets. In addition, certain current liabilities totaling $2,164 have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation of accrued expenses. See Note 8—“Accrued Expenses” for additional detail regarding these amounts.
These reclassifications had no impact on the Company’s consolidated current assets, current liabilities or on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss or cash flows as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, comprehensive loss was equal to net loss.
Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by adjusting weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share, since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive for all periods presented.
The following securities, presented on a common stock equivalent basis, have been excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021 because the effect is anti-dilutive due to the net loss reported in each of those periods. All share amounts presented in the table below represent the total number outstanding as of the end of each period. | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 |
| Warrants to purchase common stock (Note 11) | 274,326 | | | 1,278,076 | |
| Stock options outstanding under the 2008 and 2016 Plans (Note 16) | 664,278 | | | 192,252 | |
| Stock appreciation rights outstanding under the 2016 Plan (Note 16) | 60,000 | | | 61,000 | |
| Inducement stock options outstanding (Note 16) | 1,250 | | | 6,250 | |
Segment and Geographic Information
Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker. The Company’s chief operating decision maker reviews financial information on a disaggregated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. See Note 18—“Segment Information” for further information on reportable segments.
Revenue Recognition
The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that are within the scope of Topic 606, the Company (i) identifies the contract with a customer, (ii) identifies the performance obligations within the contract, (iii) determines the transaction price, (iv) allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognizes revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that it will collect the consideration to which it is entitled in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer.
At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of Topic 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within the contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.
Upon occurrence of a contract modification, the Company conducts an evaluation pursuant to the modification framework in Topic 606 to determine the appropriate revenue recognition. The framework centers around key questions, including (i) whether the modification adds additional goods and services, (ii) whether those goods and services are distinct, and (iii) whether the contract price increases by an amount that reflects the standalone selling price for the new goods or services. The resulting conclusions will determine whether the modification is treated as a separate, standalone contract or if it is combined with the original contract and accounted for in that manner. In addition, some modifications are accounted for on a prospective basis and others on a cumulative catch-up basis.
The Company currently has the following types of revenue generating arrangements:
Net Product Revenues
Net product revenues encompass sales recognized resulting from transferring control of products to the customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties and sales taxes. The amount of revenue recognized is the amount allocated to the satisfied performance obligation taking into account variable consideration. The estimated amount of variable consideration is included in the transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.
Product sales are recognized at the point in time when legal transfer of title has occurred, based on shipping terms. For product sales for which the Company owns rights to the products, the Company records a reduction to the transaction price for estimated chargebacks, rebates, coupons, trade and cash discounts and sales returns. A liability is recognized for expected sales returns, rebates, coupons, trade and cash discounts, chargebacks or other reimbursements to customers in relation to sales made in the reporting period. Payment terms can differ from contract to contract, but no element of financing is deemed present as the typical payment terms are less than one year. Therefore, the transaction price is not adjusted for the effects of a significant financing component. A receivable is recognized as soon as control over the products is transferred to the customer as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.
Variable consideration relates to sales returns, rebates, coupons, trade and cash discounts, and chargebacks granted to various direct and indirect customers. The Company recognizes provisions at the time of sale and adjusts them if the actual amounts differ from the estimated provisions. The following describes the nature of each deduction and how provisions are estimated:
Chargebacks – The Company has arrangements with various third-party wholesalers that require the Company to issue a credit to the wholesaler for the difference between the invoice price to the wholesaler and the customer’s contract price. Provisions for chargebacks involve estimates of the contract prices within multiple contracts with multiple wholesalers. The provisions for chargebacks vary in relation to changes in product mix, pricing and the level of inventory at the wholesalers and, in addition, fluctuate in proportion to an increase or decrease in sales. Provisions for estimated chargebacks are calculated using the historical chargeback experience and expected chargeback levels for new products and anticipated pricing changes. Chargeback provisions are compared to externally obtained distribution channel reports for reasonableness. The Company regularly monitors the provisions for chargebacks and makes adjustments when the Company believes that actual chargebacks may differ from estimated provisions.
Rebates – Rebates include managed care services, fee for service and Medicaid rebate programs. Rebates are primarily related to volume-based incentives and are offered to key customers to promote loyalty. Customers receive rebates upon the attainment of a pre-established volume or the attainment of revenue milestones for a specified period. Since rebates are contractually agreed upon, provisions are estimated based on the specific terms in each agreement based on historical trends and expected sales.
Returns – Returns primarily relate to customer returns of expired products that the customer has the right to return up to one year following the product’s expiration date. Such returned products are destroyed and credits and/or refunds are issued to the customer for the value of the returns. Accordingly, no returned assets are recorded in connection with those products. The returns provision is estimated by applying a historical return rate to the amounts of revenue estimated to be subject to returns. Revenue subject to returns is estimated based on the lag time from time of sale to date of return. The estimated lag time is developed by analyzing historical experience. Additionally, the Company considers specific factors, such as levels of inventory in the distribution channel, product dating and expiration, size and maturity of launch, entrance of new competitors, changes in formularies or packaging and any changes to customer terms, in determining the overall expected levels of returns.
Prompt pay discounts – Prompt pay discounts are offered to most customers to encourage timely payment. Discounts are estimated at the time of invoice based on historical discounts in relation to sales. Prompt pay discounts are almost always utilized by customers. As a result, the actual discounts typically do not vary significantly from the estimated amount.
Coupons – The Company offers coupons to market participants in order to stimulate product sales. The redemption cost of consumer coupons is based on historical redemption experience by product and value.
Sales and other taxes the Company collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Shipping and handling costs are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are recorded as cost of revenue. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expense. Costs incurred to obtain a contract will be expensed as incurred when the amortization period is less than a year.
There can be a lag between the Company’s establishment of an estimate and the timing of the invoicing or claim. The Company believes it has made reasonable estimates for future rebates and claims, however, these estimates involve assumptions pertaining to contractual utilization and performance, and payor mix. If the performance or mix across third-party payors is different from the Company’s estimates, the Company may be required to pay higher or lower total price adjustments and/or chargebacks than it had estimated.
License and Collaboration Revenues
The Company has entered into various types of agreements that license the Company’s intellectual property. If the applicable license is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenues from non-refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license. For licenses that are bundled with other promises, the Company’s management utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time and, if over time, the estimated performance period and the appropriate method of measuring progress during the performance period for purposes of recognizing revenue. The Company re-evaluates the estimated performance period and measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts related revenue recognition accordingly.
The Company also enters into various types of collaborative arrangements to develop and commercialize products. The Company’s collaborative activities may include marketing, selling and distribution of the developed drugs, which may be bundled with a license for the Company’s intellectual property, as noted above. These arrangements often include milestone as well as royalty or profit-share payments, contingent upon the occurrence of certain future events linked to the success of the asset in development, as well as expense reimbursements from or payments to the collaboration partner. Because of the risk that products in development will not receive regulatory approval, the Company does not recognize any contingent payments until after regulatory approval has been achieved.
Royalty revenue from licenses provided to the Company’s collaboration partners, which is based on sales to third parties of licensed products and technology, is recorded when the third-party sale occurs and the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied. This royalty revenue is included in collaboration revenue in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Operating expenses for costs incurred pursuant to these arrangements are reported in their respective expense line item. Such contractually required reimbursements are recognized when amounts are known and determinable and are reported as a liability within the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets based upon the timing of cash receipt from the collaboration partner.
Government research contracts and grants revenue
Under the terms of the contracts and grants awarded, the Company is entitled to receive reimbursement of its allowable direct expenses, allocated overhead, general and administrative expenses and payment of other specified amounts. Revenues from development and support activities under government research contracts and grants are recorded in the period in which the related costs are incurred. Associated expenses are recognized when incurred as research and development expense. Revenue recognized in excess of amounts collected from funding sources is recorded as contracts and grants receivable. Any of the funding sources may, at their discretion, request reimbursement for expenses or return of funds, or both, as a result of noncompliance by the Company with the terms of the grants. No reimbursement of expenses or return of funds has been requested or made since inception of the contracts and grants.
Product Cost of Goods Sold
Product cost of goods sold includes the direct costs attributable to the Company’s product revenue. It includes the cost of the purchased finished goods, as well as shipping costs related to the sales of these products.
Advertising Costs
Promotion, marketing and advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Promotion, marketing and advertising costs for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were approximately $113 and zero, respectively, and are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates in effect in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. In estimating future tax consequences, all expected future events are considered other than enactment of changes in the tax law or rates.
The Company did not record a federal or state income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2022 or 2021 due to its conclusion that a full valuation allowance is required against the Company’s deferred tax assets.
The determination of recording or releasing a tax valuation allowance is made, in part, pursuant to an assessment performed by management regarding the likelihood that the Company will generate future taxable income against which benefits of its deferred tax assets may or may not be realized. This assessment requires management to exercise judgment and make estimates with respect to its ability to generate taxable income in future periods.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 includes funds maintained in a deposit account to secure a letter of credit for the benefit of the lessor of the Company’s headquarters. See Note 6—“Leases” for further information regarding the letter of credit.
Accounts Receivable, net
Accounts receivable are carried at original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful receivables. An account receivable is considered to be past due if any portion of the receivable balance is outstanding beyond the agreed-upon due date.
The Company records an allowance for credit losses, which includes a provision for expected losses based on historical write-offs, adjusted for current conditions as deemed necessary, reasonable and supportable based on forecasts about future conditions that affect the expected collectability of the reported amount of the financial asset, as well as a specific reserve for accounts deemed at risk. The allowance is the Company’s estimate for accounts receivable as of the balance sheet date that ultimately will not be collected. Any changes in the allowance are reflected in the results of operations in the period in which the change occurs. The Company writes off accounts receivable and the related allowance recorded previously when it becomes probable, based upon customer facts and circumstances, that such amounts will not be collected. No allowance for credit losses was recorded as of March 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021 as all amounts included in accounts receivable are expected to be collected.
Account balances are written off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. Recoveries of receivables previously written off are recorded when received. The Company does not charge interest on accounts receivable.
As part of the EPI Health Acquisition, accounts receivable, net, were marked to fair value as part of the Company’s ASC 805 business combination accounting. See Note 2—“Acquisition of EPI Health” for additional detail.
Inventory, net
The Company maintains inventory consisting of for-sale pharmaceuticals related to its marketed product portfolio. The Company measures inventory using the first-in, first-out method and values inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated costs to sell.
The Company performs an analysis and records a provision for potentially obsolete inventory. The reserve for obsolescence is generally an estimate of the amount of inventory held at period end that is expected to expire in the future based on projected sales volume and expected product expiration or sell-by dates. These assumptions require the Company to analyze the aging of and forecasted demand for its inventory and make estimates regarding future product sales.
Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the lease or the useful life of the improvements. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Improvements and betterments that add new functionality or extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized. Leases for real estate often include tenant improvement allowances, which the Company assesses according to applicable accounting guidance to determine the appropriate owner, and capitalizes such tenant improvement assets accordingly.
Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill
Intangible assets represent certain identifiable intangible assets, including pharmaceutical product licenses and patents. Amortization for pharmaceutical products licenses is computed using the straight-line method based on the lesser of the term of the agreement and the useful life of the license. Amortization for pharmaceutical patents is computed using the straight-line method based on the useful life of the patent.
Definite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. In the event impairment indicators are present or if other circumstances indicate that an impairment might exist, then management compares the future undiscounted cash flows directly associated with the asset or asset group to the carrying amount of the asset group being determined for impairment. If those estimated cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss is recognized. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value. Considerable judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value of these assets, accordingly, actual results may vary significantly from such estimates.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as goodwill and the cost to obtain and register the Company’s internet domain, are not amortized. The Company tests the carrying amounts of goodwill for recoverability on an annual basis at September 30 or when events or changes in circumstances indicate evidence that a potential impairment exists, using a fair value based test.
A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of goodwill impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include, among others: a significant decline in expected future cash flows, a sustained, significant decline in the Company’s stock price and market capitalization, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, adverse assessment or action by a regulator, and unanticipated competition. Key assumptions used in the annual goodwill impairment test are highly judgmental. Any change in these indicators or key assumptions could have a significant negative impact on the Company’s financial condition, impact the goodwill impairment analysis or cause the Company to perform a goodwill impairment analysis more frequently than once per year.
Contingent Consideration
Contingent consideration is recorded as a liability and is the estimate of the fair value of potential milestone payments related to the EPI Health Acquisition. The estimated fair value of contingent consideration was determined based on a probability-weighted valuation model that measures the present value of the probable cash payments based upon the future milestone events of EPI Health at a discount rate that captures the risk associated with the liability and also based on a Monte Carlo simulation, whereby EPI Health’s forecasted net sales from the EPI Health legacy products were simulated over the measurement period to calculate the contingent consideration. See Note 2—“Acquisition of EPI Health” for further information regarding purchase consideration.
Related Parties
Members of the Company’s board of directors held 123,497 and 100,497 shares of the Company’s common stock as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Accounting Pronouncements Adopted
In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which is designed to provide financial statement users with more information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. When determining such expected credit losses, the guidance requires companies to apply a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The adoption of this new accounting guidance, as of January 1, 2022, did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note 2: Acquisition of EPI Health
On March 11, 2022, the Company completed the EPI Health Acquisition, in which the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding units of membership interest of EPI Health from EPG for estimated purchase consideration of $36,335. EPI Health is an integrated medical dermatology company providing the Company with a commercial infrastructure to support the commercialization of products. Subsequent to the EPI Health Acquisition, the Company sells various dermatological products for the treatments of plaque psoriasis, rosacea, acne and dermatoses.
The portion of the estimated purchase consideration at closing was $27,500, as adjusted for cash, indebtedness, net working capital estimates and other contractually defined adjustments (the “Closing Purchase Price”). The Closing Purchase Price consisted of (i) $11,000 paid in cash, (ii) a secured promissory note issued to EPG in the principal amount of $16,500 (the “Seller Note”), and (iii) a $993 payment representing an adjustment for estimated net working capital. See Note 9—“Notes Payable” for additional detail regarding the Seller Note and its related terms.
The purchase agreement entered into in connection with the EPI Health Acquisition (the “EPI Heath Purchase Agreement”) included the potential payment of additional consideration totaling up to $23,500 upon achievement of certain milestones, as follows:
a.$1,000, as a one-time cash payment, upon EPG’s performance of transition services and the successful completion of the transition provided under the transition services agreement between the Company and EPG;
b.$3,000, as a one-time payment, payable in cash or the Company’s common stock, at the discretion of the Company, upon net sales of certain of EPI Health’s legacy products exceeding $30,000 during the period from April 1, 2022 through March 31, 2023;
c.up to $2,500, paid in quarterly installments in cash or the Company’s common stock at the discretion of the Company, upon net sales of Wynzora Cream (“Wynzora”) exceeding certain quarterly thresholds or an annual threshold of $12,500 during the period from April 1, 2022 through March 31, 2023;
d.$5,000, as a one-time payment, payable in cash or the Company’s common stock at the discretion of the Company, upon the first occurrence of post-closing net sales of certain of EPI Health’s legacy products exceeding $35,000 during any twelve-month period from April 1, 2023 through March 31, 2026; and
e.up to $12,000 based on receipt by EPI Health of regulatory and net sales milestones related to Sitavig from EPI Health’s OTC Switch License Agreement with Bayer.
Certain of the above milestone payments will accelerate and become immediately payable upon certain specified events during the applicable milestone periods, including a sale of all or substantially all of the assets with respect to certain of EPI Health’s legacy products. The EPI Health Purchase Agreement provides that payment of any additional consideration may be made in cash or in shares of the Company’s common stock, so long as the number of shares that may be issued pursuant to the EPI Health Purchase Agreement or otherwise in connection with the EPI Health Acquisition limited to no more than 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock immediately prior to the closing, unless stockholder approval is obtained to issue more than 19.99%.
The EPI Health Acquisition is being accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Under this method of accounting the fair value of the consideration transferred is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values on the date of the EPI Health Acquisition. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company incurred costs related to the EPI Health Acquisition of $4,021 recognized in selling, general and administrative expenses within the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
From the EPI Health Acquisition date through March 31, 2022, $1,246 of total net revenue and a net loss of $726 associated with EPI Health’s operations are included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Purchase Consideration
The following table presents the allocation of the estimated purchase consideration to be allocated to the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired at the EPI Health Acquisition date.
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of March 11, 2022 |
| Initial cash consideration to Seller | | $ | 11,000 | |
Secured promissory note issued to Seller | | 16,500 | |
| Fair value of contingent consideration liability | | 3,773 | |
| Remaining working capital adjustment to be paid | | 4,069 | |
| Working capital adjustment paid at close | | 993 | |
| Total estimated purchase consideration | | $ | 36,335 | |
The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration as of March 31, 2022 is $3,773, of which $443 and $3,330 is recognized as a current liability and long-term liability, respectively, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Significant increases or decreases in any of the probabilities of success or changes in expected achievement of any of the milestones underlying the contingent consideration would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value of the contingent consideration liability. The contingent consideration is revalued at each reporting period and changes in fair value are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss until settlement. See Note 17—“Fair Value” for additional information.
Provisional Allocation of Purchase Consideration to Estimated Fair Values of Net Assets Acquired
ASC 805 requires, among other things, that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date. Further, ASC 805 requires any consideration transferred or paid in a business combination in excess of the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed should be recognized as goodwill.
The total estimated purchase consideration was allocated to the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of March 11, 2022 as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| Assets acquired and liabilities assumed: | | |
| Accounts receivable, net | | $ | 20,083 | |
| Inventory, net | | 1,710 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | 3,692 | |
| Property and equipment, net | | 100 | |
| Intangible assets, net | | 33,000 | |
| Other assets | | 27 | |
| Right-of-use lease assets | | 400 | |
| Total assets | | $ | 59,012 | |
| | |
| Accounts payable | | $ | 947 | |
| Accrued expenses | | 24,892 | |
| Operating lease liabilities, current portion | | 208 | |
| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | | 342 | |
| Other long-term liabilities | | 290 | |
| Total liabilities | | $ | 26,679 | |
| | |
| Total identifiable net assets acquired | | $ | 32,333 | |
| Goodwill | | 4,002 | |
| Total estimated purchase consideration | | $ | 36,335 | |
The Company determined the estimated fair value of the acquired intangible assets as of the closing date using the income approach. This is a valuation technique that is based on the market participant’s expectations of the cash flows that the intangible assets are forecasted to generate. The projected cash flows from these intangible assets were based on various assumptions, including estimates of revenues, expenses, and operating profit, and risks related to the viability of and commercial potential for alternative treatments. The cash flows were discounted at a rate commensurate with the level of risk associated with the projected cash flows. The Company believes the assumptions are representative of those a market participant would use in estimating fair value.
Goodwill was determined on the basis of the provisional fair values of the assets and liabilities identified at the time of the EPI Health Acquisition. The estimated provisional allocation of purchase consideration will be adjusted, within a period of no more than 12 months from the EPI Health Acquisition date, if these fair values change as a result of circumstances existing at the acquisition date. These measurement period adjustments may arise with regard to amounts recorded as assets and liabilities upon verification of such amounts or upon finalization of the required valuations of intangible assets identified. The amounts of reserves and provisions may also be adjusted as a result of ongoing procedures to identify and measure liabilities, including tax, environmental risks and litigation. The purchase consideration may also be adjusted in connection with finalizing the valuation procedures for the contingent consideration liability and finalizing the amount of the working capital adjustment to the purchase price. Any adjustments to amounts may impact the valuation of the consideration or the amounts recorded as goodwill.
Goodwill was calculated as the excess of the consideration paid consequent to completing the acquisition, compared to the net assets recognized. Goodwill represents the future economic benefits arising from the other acquired assets, which could not be individually identified and separately valued. Goodwill is primarily attributable to the acquired commercial platform and infrastructure, including personnel, and expected synergies related to the commercialization of product candidates. Goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
Pro forma Information
The following pro forma information presents the combined results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, as if the Company had completed the EPI Health Acquisition at the beginning of the periods presented. The pro forma financial information is provided for comparative purposes only and is not indicative of what actual results would have been had the EPI Health Acquisition occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor does it give effect to synergies, cost savings, fair market value adjustments, and other changes expected to result from the EPI Health Acquisition. Accordingly, the pro forma financial results do not purport to be indicative of consolidated results of operations as of the date hereof, for any period ended on the date hereof, or for any other future date or period. The pro forma financial information has been calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies and includes adjustments for transaction-related costs.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | March 31, 2022 | | March 31, 2021 |
| Total revenue | | $ | 5,947 | | | $ | 4,868 | |
| Net loss and comprehensive loss | | (14,434) | | | (12,300) | |
| Net loss per share, basic and diluted | | $ | (0.77) | | | $ | (0.82) | |
Note 3: Inventory, net
The major components of inventory, net, were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2022 |
| Finished goods available for sale | | $ | 1,478 | |
| Reserve for obsolescence | | — | |
| Inventory, net | | $ | 1,478 | |
As part of the EPI Health Acquisition, inventory, net, were marked to fair value as part of the Company’s ASC 805 business combination accounting. See Note 2—“Acquisition of EPI Health” for additional detail.
Note 4: Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
The following table represents the components of prepaid expenses and other current assets as of:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Inventory and raw material deposits | | $ | 1,228 | | | $ | — | |
| Prepaid service contracts | | 444 | | | — | |
| Prepaid insurance | | 1,148 | | | 1,697 | |
Prepaid Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) fees | | 923 | | | — | |
| Product samples | | 960 | | | — | |
| Other current assets related to leasing arrangement | | 51 | | | 109 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | 945 | | | 766 | |
| Total prepaid expenses and other current assets | | $ | 5,699 | | | $ | 2,572 | |
Note 5: Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Computer equipment | $ | 101 | | | $ | 58 | |
| Furniture and fixtures | 79 | | | 23 | |
| Laboratory equipment | 4,465 | | | 4,134 | |
| Office equipment | 177 | | | 177 | |
| Leasehold improvements | 10,298 | | | 9,391 | |
| Property and equipment, gross | 15,120 | | | 13,783 | |
| Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (1,679) | | | (1,582) | |
| Total property and equipment, net | $ | 13,441 | | | $ | 12,201 | |
Depreciation and amortization expense was $97 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and $57 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
New Facility
As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had construction in progress amounts related to leasehold improvements of $8,392 and $7,485, respectively.
See Note 6—“Leases” for details regarding the new facility and related lease.
Note 6: Leases
The Company leases office space and certain equipment under non-cancelable lease agreements.
In accordance with ASC 842, Leases, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases and are recorded on the balance sheet as both a right-of-use asset and lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease, if available, otherwise at the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right-of-use asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. Variable lease expenses, if any, are recorded when incurred.
In calculating the right-of-use asset and lease liability, the Company elected, and has in practice, historically combined lease and non-lease components. The Company excludes short-term leases having initial terms of 12 months or less from the guidance as an accounting policy election and recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Office Lease at Triangle Business Center, Durham, North Carolina
On January 18, 2021, the Company entered into a lease with an initial term expiring in 2032, as amended for 19,265 rentable square feet, located in Durham, North Carolina. This lease dated as of January 18, 2021, as amended (the “TBC Lease”), is by and between the Company and Copper II 2020, LLC (the “TBC Landlord”), pursuant to which the Company is leasing space serving as its corporate headquarters and small-scale manufacturing site (the “Premises”) located within the Triangle Business Center. The lease executed on January 18, 2021, as amended, was further amended on November 23, 2021 to expand the Premises by approximately 3,642 additional rentable square feet from 15,623 rentable square feet.
The Premises serves as the Company’s corporate headquarters and has been and continues to be prepared to support various cGMP activities, including research and development and small-scale manufacturing capabilities. These capabilities include the infrastructure necessary to support small-scale drug substance manufacturing and the ability to act as a primary, or secondary backup, component of a potential future commercial supply chain.
The TBC Lease commenced on January 18, 2021 (the “Lease Commencement Date”). Rent under the TBC Lease commenced in October 2021 (the “Rent Commencement Date”). The term of the TBC Lease expires on the last day of the one hundred twenty-third calendar month after the Rent Commencement Date. The TBC Lease provides the Company with one option to extend the term of the TBC Lease for a period of five years, which would commence upon the expiration of the original term of the TBC Lease, with base rent of a market rate determined according to the TBC Lease; however, the renewal period was not included in the calculation of the lease obligation as the Company determined it was not reasonably certain to exercise the renewal option.
The monthly base rent for the Premises is approximately $40 for months 1-10 and approximately $49 for months 11-12, per the second amendment to the primary lease. Beginning with month 13 and annually thereafter, the monthly base rent will be increased by 3%. Subject to certain terms, the TBC Lease provides that base rent will be abated for three months following the Rent Commencement Date. The Company is obligated to pay its pro-rata portion of taxes and operating expenses for the building as well as maintenance and insurance for the Premises, all as provided for in the TBC Lease.
The TBC Landlord has agreed to provide the Company with a tenant improvement allowance in an amount not to exceed $130 per rentable square foot, totaling approximately $2,450, per the primary lease, inclusive of the first amendment, and $115 per rentable square foot, totaling $419, per the second amendment to the TBC Lease. The tenant improvement allowance will be paid over four equal installments corresponding with work performed by the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the TBC Lease, the Company delivered to the TBC Landlord a letter of credit in the amount of $583, as amended, as collateral for the full performance by the Company of all of its obligations under the TBC Lease and for all losses and damages the TBC Landlord may suffer as a result of any default by the Company under the TBC Lease. Cash funds maintained in a separate deposit account at the Company’s financial institution to fully secure the letter of credit are presented as restricted cash in non-current assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Office Lease at Meeting Street, Charleston, South Carolina
On March 3, 2022 EPI Health entered into a sublease agreement with EPG (the “Meeting Street Lease”) for office space at 174 Meeting Street in Charleston, South Carolina for approximately 6,000 rentable square feet.
The term of the Meeting Street Lease is through September 30, 2024, and EPI Health has the right to terminate the Meeting Street Lease with 60 days’ prior notice. The monthly base rent for the Meeting Street Lease is $20 for months 1-12, inclusive of taxes and operating expenses such as maintenance and insurance. Beginning with month 13 and annually thereafter, the monthly base rent will be increased by 3%.
TBC Lease and Meeting Street Lease
Rent expense, including both short-term and variable lease components associated with the TBC Lease and the Meeting Street Lease, as applicable, was $137 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and $145 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
The remaining lease term for the TBC Lease and the Meeting Street Lease are 9.86 years and 2.42 years, respectively, as of March 31, 2022. The weighted average discount rate for both leases was 8.35% as of March 31, 2022.
Future net minimum lease payments, net of amounts expected to be received related to the tenant improvement allowance, as of March 31, 2022 were as follows:
| | | | | |
| Maturity of Lease Liabilities | Operating Lease |
| |
| 2022 | $ | (244) | |
| 2023 | 750 | |
| 2024 | 816 | |
| 2025 | 645 | |
| 2026 | 665 | |
| 2027 and beyond | 3,700 | |
| Total future undiscounted lease payments | $ | 6,332 | |
| Add: reclassification of discounted net cash inflows to other current assets | 51 | |
| Less: imputed interest | (2,251) | |
| Total reported lease liability | $ | 4,132 | |
The table above reflects payments for an operating lease with a remaining term of one year or more, but does not include obligations for short-term leases. In addition, the net cash inflow related to the 2022 fiscal year presented above relates to the expected timing of the remaining balance of the total tenant improvement allowance of $2,450 being funded by the TBC Landlord, which the Company reasonably expects to receive within the next twelve months, partially offset by expected lease payments for the corresponding period.
Components of lease assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2022 were as follows:
| | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 |
| |
| Assets | |
| Other current assets related to leasing arrangement | $ | 51 | |
| Right-of-use lease assets | 2,092 | |
| Total lease assets | $ | 2,143 | |
| |
| Liabilities | |
| Operating lease liabilities, current portion | $ | 228 | |
| Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion | 3,904 | |
| Total lease liabilities | $ | 4,132 | |
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company received $1,523 related to payments as part of the total TBC Landlord funded tenant improvement allowance. The effective discounted value of the remaining tenant improvement allowance payments being funded by the TBC Landlord, of the total tenant improvement allowance of $2,450, partially offset by the expected lease payments by the Company within the next twelve months, results in a net balance of $51. This net amount is presented within the condensed consolidated balance sheets within prepaid expenses and other current assets as of March 31, 2022. Furthermore, this amount is also included in long-term lease liabilities within the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2022.
Note 7: Goodwill and Intangible Assets, net
Goodwill
The Company’s goodwill balance as of March 31, 2022 was $4,002. The entire goodwill balance relates to the EPI Health Acquisition during the three months ended March 31, 2022. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
Intangible Assets
The following table presents both definite and indefinite lived intangible assets as of March 31, 2022, comprised primarily of acquired product rights related to the EPI Health Acquisition:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Initial Carrying Value | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Book Value | | Useful Life (Years) |
| Rhofade | | $ | 15,500 | | | $ | 57 | | | $ | 15,443 | | | 15 |
| Wynzora | | 3,000 | | | 11 | | | 2,989 | | | 15 |
| Minolira | | 3,500 | | | 13 | | | 3,487 | | | 15 |
| Cloderm | | 6,500 | | | 24 | | | 6,476 | | | 15 |
| Nuvail | | 1,000 | | | 3 | | | 997 | | | 15 |
| Sitavig | | 3,500 | | | 13 | | | 3,487 | | | 15 |
| Website domain | | 75 | | | — | | | 75 | | | — | |
| Total intangible assets | | $ | 33,075 | | | $ | 121 | | | $ | 32,954 | | | 15 |
The Company amortizes the product rights related to its commercial product portfolio over their estimated useful lives. As part of the EPI Health Acquisition, product rights were recorded at fair value as part of the Company’s ASC 805 business combination accounting. See Note 2—“Acquisition of EPI Health” for additional detail.
The following table represents annual amortization of definite lived intangible assets for the next five fiscal years, and thereafter:
| | | | | | | | |
| 2022 | | $ | 1,657 | |
| 2023 | | 2,200 | |
| 2024 | | 2,206 | |
| 2025 | | 2,200 | |
| 2026 | | 2,200 | |
| Thereafter | | 22,416 | |
| Total amortization | | $ | 32,879 | |
Note 8: Accrued Expenses
The following table represents the components of accrued expenses as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| | | | |
| Accrued rebates, discounts and chargebacks | | $ | 15,645 | | | $ | — | |
| Accrued returns | | 5,849 | | | — | |
| Accrued compensation | | 2,266 | | | 1,543 | |
| Accrued outside research and development services | | 172 | | | 194 | |
| Accrued royalties | | 1,040 | | | — | |
| Accrued working capital adjustment | | 4,069 | | | — | |
| Accrued construction in process | | 1,297 | | | 1,020 | |
| Accrued SB206 pre-commercial and marketing | | 420 | | | — | |
| Accrued collaboration reimbursement | | 493 | | | — | |
| Accrued other expenses | | 3,368 | | | 2,231 | |
| Total accrued expenses | | $ | 34,619 | | | $ | 4,988 | |
Note 9: Notes Payable
Seller Note with Evening Post Group
On March 11, 2022, at the closing of the EPI Health Acquisition, the Company entered into a secured promissory note and security agreement with EPG. The Company entered into the Seller Note with EPG to finance a portion of the Closing Purchase Price related to the EPI Health Acquisition.
The Seller Note has a principal amount of $16,500 with interest-only payments due over the course of the 24-month term of the Seller Note. The Seller Note will bear interest at the rate of 5.0% per annum for the first 90 days after the closing date, 15.0% per annum for the following 12 months, and 18.0% per annum for the remainder of the term. The non-amortizing principal of the Seller Note is to be paid in full at maturity and is secured by the membership interests of EPI Health held by the Company. EPI Health is a guarantor of the Seller Note. There is no penalty for repaying the Seller Note prior to the end of the term. Based on the escalating interest rate over the term of the Seller Note, the Company has recorded interest expense using the effective interest method.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded interest expense of $132 related to the Seller Note. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had $87 of accrued interest included within accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The following table represents future maturities of the Seller Note obligation as of March 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | |
| 2022 | | $ | — | |
| 2023 | | — | |
| 2024 | | 16,500 | |
| | |
| | |
| Total notes payable | | $ | 16,500 | |
Note 10: Commitments and Contingencies
Contingencies
From time to time, the Company may have certain contingent liabilities that arise in the ordinary course of business activities. The Company accrues a liability for such matters when it is probable that future expenditures will be made and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated. See Legal Proceedings below for further discussion of pending legal claims.
The Company has entered into, and expects to continue to enter into, contracts in the normal course of business with various third parties that support its clinical trials, preclinical research studies, development services, and commercial sales and marketing activities in addition to potential third-party manufacturers for both the manufacture of the Company’s product candidates and procurement of its commercial finished good products. The scope of the services under these agreements can generally be modified at any time, and these agreements can generally be terminated by either party after a period following written notice.
In connection with entering into the Equity Distribution Agreement with Oppenheimer discussed in Note 11—“Stockholders’ Equity,” the Company terminated its common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital on March 10, 2022. Other than such termination, there have been no material contract terminations as of March 31, 2022.
Also, see Note 11—“Stockholders’ Equity” regarding outstanding common stock warrants.
Contingent Payment Obligations Related to the Purchase of EPI Health
See Note 2—“Acquisition of EPI Health” for certain contingent payments related to consideration due to EPG upon achievement of certain milestones by EPI Health.
Contingent Payment Obligations from Historical Acquisitions by EPI Health
EPI Health has in the past acquired certain rights to pharmaceutical products and such arrangements have typically included requirements that EPI Health make certain contingent payments to the applicable seller as discussed below.
Rhofade. On October 10, 2019, EPI Health entered into an agreement whereby it acquired certain assets related to Rhofade (the “Rhofade Acquisition Agreement”). In connection with the Rhofade Acquisition Agreement, EPI Health is required to make the following milestone payments to the seller upon reaching the following net sales thresholds during any calendar year following the closing date, as defined in the Rhofade Acquisition Agreement:
| | | | | | | | |
| Calendar Year Net Sales Threshold | | Milestone Payment |
| $ | 50,000 | | | $ | 5,000 | |
| $ | 75,000 | | | $ | 5,000 | |
| $ | 100,000 | | | $ | 10,000 | |
Under the terms of the Rhofade Acquisition Agreement, EPI Health assumed certain liabilities of the prior licensees of the Rhofade product. In particular, EPI Health would also be required to pay certain earnout payments pursuant to historic acquisition agreements for Rhofade upon the achievement of net sales thresholds higher than those set forth above. However, the Company has not recognized a liability for such Rhofade milestones based on current and historical sales figures and management’s estimates of future sales.
Cloderm. On September 28, 2018, EPI Health entered into an agreement pursuant to which it acquired assets related to the product Cloderm. EPI Health is required to pay a low double-digit royalty once cumulative net sales of Cloderm reach $20,833, until $6,500 of royalty payments have been made by EPI Health.
Minolira. On August 20, 2018, EPI Health entered into an agreement pursuant to which it acquired assets related to the product Minolira. In connection with the agreement, EPI Health is required to make the following milestone payments to the seller upon reaching cumulative net sales thresholds as defined in the acquisition agreement:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cumulative Net Sales Threshold | | Milestone Payment |
| $ | 10,000 | | | | $ | 1,000 | |
| $ | 20,000 | | | | $ | 1,000 | |
| Each additional | $ | 20,000 | | | $ | 1,500 | |
See Note 12—“Licensing and Collaboration Arrangements” for certain obligations and contingent payments related to license agreements, including those related to the Company’s commercial product portfolio.
Also see Note 15—“Research and Development Agreements” for certain obligations regarding the Company’s research and development license agreements, including the Reedy Creek Purchase Agreement and the Ligand Funding Agreement.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded $98 of expense related to royalties on net sales and accruals of certain cumulative sales-based milestones related to its commercial product portfolio, described above. As of March 31, 2022 the Company had accrued royalties of $1,040 and accrued milestones of $297, presented within accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities, respectively, in its condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Development Services Agreement
In July 2021, the Company entered into a development services agreement with a third-party full-scale API manufacturer for certain manufacturing process feasibility services including process familiarization, safety assessments, preliminary engineering studies, and initial process and analytical methods determination. Following the successful completion of certain preliminary activities with this third-party API manufacturer and other preparatory activities, the Company would then proceed with the
third-party API manufacturer beyond the initial stages noted above, in which case the Company expects to incur substantial costs associated with technical transfer efforts, capital expenditures, manufacturing capabilities, and certain quantities of its drug substance.
Legal Proceedings
The Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings and is not aware of any claims or actions pending against the Company that the Company believes could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results, cash flows or financial statements. In the future, the Company might from time to time become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from its ordinary course of business.
Compensatory Obligations
The Company enters into employment agreements with certain officers and employees. These agreements are in the normal course of business and contain certain customary Company controlled termination provisions which, if triggered, could result in future severance payments.
See Note 16—“Stock-Based Compensation” regarding stock options, stock appreciation rights and the Tangible Stockholder Return Plan.
Note 11: Stockholders’ Equity
Capital Structure
In conjunction with the completion of the Company’s initial public offering in September 2016, the Company amended its restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated its bylaws. The amendment provided for 210,000,000 authorized shares of capital stock, of which 200,000,000 shares are designated as $0.0001 par value common stock and 10,000,000 shares are designated as $0.0001 par value preferred stock.
At the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on July 28, 2020 (the “2020 Annual Meeting”), the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s restated certificate of incorporation of the Company to effect a reverse stock split of the Company’s common stock at a ratio of not less than one-for-two and not more than one-for-fifteen, with such ratio and the implementation and timing of such reverse stock split to be determined by the Company’s board of directors in its sole discretion. On May 18, 2021, the Company’s board of directors approved a one-for-ten reverse stock split of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock. On May 24, 2021, the Company filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certification of Incorporation of the Company in order to effect the Reverse Stock Split. The Reverse Stock Split became effective as of 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on May 25, 2021, and the Company’s common stock began trading on a split-adjusted basis on May 26, 2021. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, on the effective date thereof, each outstanding ten (10) shares of common stock combined into and became one (1) share of common stock, and the number of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock was reduced to 15,170,678. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes give retroactive effect to the Reverse Stock Split.
Common Stock
The Company’s common stock has a par value of $0.0001 per share and consists of 200,000,000 authorized shares as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. There were 18,980,122 and 18,815,892 shares of voting common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
The Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Outstanding warrants to purchase common stock | 274,326 | | | 1,274,176 | |
| Outstanding stock options (Note 16) | 665,528 | | | 518,553 | |
| Outstanding stock appreciation rights (Note 16) | 60,000 | | | 60,000 | |
| For possible future issuance under the 2016 Stock Plan (Note 16) | 1,066,249 | | | 1,213,224 | |
| | 2,066,103 | | | 3,065,953 | |
Preferred Stock
The Company’s restated certificate of incorporation provides the Company’s board of directors with the authority to issue $0.0001 par value preferred stock from time to time in one or more series by adopting a resolution and filing a certificate of designations. Voting powers, designations, preferences, dividend rights, conversion rights and liquidation preferences shall be stated and expressed in such resolutions. There were 10,000,000 shares designated as preferred stock and no shares outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
March 2022 Equity Distribution Agreement – At-the-Market Facility
On March 11, 2022, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the “Equity Distribution Agreement”) with Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (“Oppenheimer”). Pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement, the Company may from time to time issue and sell to or through Oppenheimer, acting as the Company’s sales agent, shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share having an aggregate offering price of up to $50,000. Sales of the shares, if any, will be made by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”), or, if expressly authorized by the Company, in privately negotiated transactions. As sales agent, Oppenheimer will offer the shares at prevailing market prices and will use its commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its sales and trading practices, to sell on the Company’s behalf all of the shares requested to be sold by the Company, subject to the terms and conditions of the Equity Distribution Agreement. The Company or Oppenheimer may suspend the offering of the shares upon proper notice to the other party. The offering of the shares pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement will terminate upon the sale of shares in an aggregate offering amount equal to $50,000, or sooner if either the Company or Oppenheimer terminates the Equity Distribution Agreement as permitted by its terms.
The Company will pay Oppenheimer a commission equal to 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from the sale of the shares sold pursuant to the Equity Distribution Agreement and will reimburse Oppenheimer for certain expenses incurred in connection with its services under the Equity Distribution Agreement. The foregoing rate of compensation will not apply when Oppenheimer acts as principal, in which case the Company may sell the shares to Oppenheimer as principal at a price agreed upon among the parties.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company sold 164,230 shares of its common stock at an average price of $3.53 per share for total net proceeds of $562 under the Equity Distribution Agreement.
Outstanding Common Stock Warrants
The Company has historically entered into certain equity offerings with underwriters and placement agents, such as the March 2020 Public Offering, the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering and the January 2018 Offering, that included certain common stock warrant issuances.
The following table presents the Company’s outstanding warrants to purchase common stock for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 | |
Exercise
Price Per
Share |
| | | |
| Warrants to purchase common stock issued in the January 2018 Offering | — | | | 999,850 | | | $ | 46.60 | |
| Warrants to purchase common stock issued in the March 2020 Public Offering | 252,417 | | | 252,417 | | | 3.00 | |
| Underwriter warrants to purchase common stock associated with the March 2020 Public Offering | 11,304 | | | 11,304 | | | 3.75 | |
| Placement agent warrants to purchase common stock issued in the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering | 10,605 | | | 10,605 | | | 5.375 | |
| | 274,326 | | | 1,274,176 | | | |
The weighted average exercise price per share for warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $3.12 and $37.24, respectively.
March 2020 Public Offering
On February 27, 2020, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with H.C. Wainwright, as underwriter, relating to the offering, issuance and sale of common stock, pre-funded warrants, and accompanying common warrants (the “CMPO Common Warrants”), in a public offering (the “March 2020 Public Offering”). The number of CMPO Common Warrants, excluding pre-funded warrants, issued in connection with the March 2020 Public Offering totaled 2,108,333. At closing, the Company also issued to designees of H.C. Wainwright, as underwriter, warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 59,496
shares of common stock (the “CMPO UW Warrants”) representing 3.0% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock sold and shares of common stock underlying the pre-funded warrants sold in the March 2020 Public Offering.
The CMPO Common Warrants have an exercise price of $3.00 per share and expire five years from the date of issuance. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, there were no exercises of CMPO Common Warrants. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, warrant holders exercised 6,250 of the CMPO Common Warrants for total proceeds of approximately $18. There were 252,417 of the CMPO Common Warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2022.
The CMPO UW Warrants have an exercise price of $3.75 per share and expire five years from the date of issuance. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, there were no exercises of CMPO UW Warrants. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, warrant holders exercised 48,192 of the CMPO UW Warrants for total proceeds of approximately $181. There were 11,304 of the CMPO UW Warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2022.
March 2020 Registered Direct Offering
On March 24, 2020, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with several institutional and accredited investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell and issue shares of the Company’s common stock and pre-funded warrants in a registered direct offering priced at the market (the “March 2020 Registered Direct Offering”). The March 2020 Registered Direct Offering closed on March 26, 2020. At closing, the Company issued to designees of H.C. Wainwright, as placement agent, warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 55,814 shares of common stock (the “RDO PA Warrants”) representing 3.0% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock sold and shares of common stock underlying pre-funded warrants sold in the March 2020 Registered Direct Offering.
The RDO PA Warrants have an exercise price of $5.375 per share and expire five years from the date of issuance. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, there were no exercises of RDO PA Warrants. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, warrant holders exercised 45,209 of the RDO PA Warrants for total proceeds of approximately $243. There were 10,605 of the RDO PA Warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2022.
January 2018 Offering
There were no exercises of warrants issued in the Company’s public offering that closed on January 9, 2018 (the “January 2018 Offering”) during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. On January 9, 2022, the remaining 999,850 outstanding warrants related to the January 2018 Offering expired without being exercised.
July 2020 Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement
On July 21, 2020, the Company entered into the Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “July 2020 CSPA”) with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC (“Aspire”), which provided that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations set forth therein, Aspire was committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $30,000 of shares of the Company’s common stock at the Company’s request from time to time during the 30-month term of the July 2020 Aspire CSPA. Upon execution of the July 2020 Aspire CSPA, the Company agreed to sell to Aspire 555,555 shares of its common stock at $9.00 per share for proceeds of $5,000. In consideration for entering into the July 2020 Aspire CSPA, upon satisfaction of certain conditions under the July 2020 Aspire CSPA, the Company issued to Aspire 100,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “July 2020 Commitment Shares”). The July 2020 Commitment Shares, valued at approximately $847, were recorded in July 2020 as non-cash costs of equity financing and included within general and administrative expenses. The July 2020 Aspire CSPA replaced the June 2020 Aspire Common Stock Purchase Agreement, which was terminated under the terms of the July 2020 Aspire CSPA.
On March 9, 2022, the Company provided notice to Aspire electing to terminate the July 2020 CSPA effective as of March 10, 2022. By its terms, the July 2020 CSPA could be terminated by the Company at any time, at its discretion, without any penalty or additional cost to the Company.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, there were no sales of common stock under the July 2020 CSPA. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company sold 493,163 shares of its common stock at an average price of $1.28 for total proceeds of $6,334.
Note 12: Licensing and Collaboration Arrangements
SB204 and SB206 Agreements
The Company has entered into a license agreement, as subsequently amended, with Sato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (“Sato”), relating to SB204, its drug candidate for the treatment of acne vulgaris, and SB206, its drug candidate for the treatment of viral skin infections (the “Sato Agreement”). Pursuant to the Sato Agreement, the Company granted to Sato an exclusive, royalty-bearing, non-transferable license under certain of its intellectual property rights, with the right to sublicense with the Company’s prior written consent, to develop, use and sell products in Japan that incorporate SB204 or SB206 in certain topical dosage forms for the treatment of acne vulgaris or viral skin infections, respectively, and to make the finished form of such products. The Company or its designated contract manufacturer will supply finished product to Sato for use in the development of SB204 and SB206 in the licensed territory. The rights granted to Sato do not include the right to manufacture the API of SB204 or SB206; rather, the parties agreed to negotiate a commercial supply agreement pursuant to which the Company or its designated contract manufacturer would be the exclusive supplier to Sato of the API for the commercial manufacture of licensed products in the licensed territory. Under the terms of the Sato Agreement, the Company also has exclusive rights to certain intellectual property that may be developed by Sato in the future, which the Company could choose to use for its own development and commercialization of SB204 or SB206 outside of Japan.
The term of the Sato Agreement (and the period during which Sato must pay royalties under the amended license agreement) expires on the twentieth anniversary of the first commercial sale of a licensed product in the licensed field in the licensed territory (adjusted from the tenth anniversary of the first commercial sale in the Sato Agreement). The term of the Sato Agreement may be renewed with respect to a licensed product by mutual written agreement of the parties for additional two-year periods following expiration of the initial term. All other material terms of the Sato Agreement remain unchanged by the Sato Amendment.
Sato is responsible for funding the development and commercial costs for the program that are specific to Japan. The Company is obligated to perform certain oversight, review and supporting activities for Sato, including (i) using commercially reasonable efforts to obtain marketing approval of SB204 and SB206 in the United States, (ii) sharing all future scientific information the Company may obtain during the term of the Sato Agreement pertaining to SB204 and SB206, (iii) performing certain additional preclinical studies if such studies are deemed necessary by the Japanese regulatory authority, up to and not to exceed a total cost of $1,000, and (iv) participating in a joint committee that oversees, reviews and approves Sato’s development and commercialization activities under the Sato Agreement. Additionally, the Company has granted Sato the option to use the Company’s trademarks in connection with the commercialization of licensed products in the licensed territory for no additional consideration, subject to the Company’s approval of such use.
The Sato Agreement may be terminated by (i) Sato without cause upon 120 days’ advance written notice to the Company, (ii) either party in the event of the other party’s uncured material breach upon 60 days’ advance written notice, (iii) force majeure, (iv) either party in the event of the other party’s dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy or insolvency, and (v) the Company immediately upon written notice if Sato challenges the validity, patentability, or enforceability of any of the Company’s patents or patent applications licensed to Sato under the Sato Agreement. In the event of a termination, no portion of the upfront fees received from Sato are refundable.
Wynzora Agreements
Effective as of January 1, 2022, EPI Health entered into an amended and restated promotion and collaboration agreement with MC2 Therapeutics Limited (“MC2”), relating to the commercialization of Wynzora for treatment of plaque psoriasis in adults in the United States (the “MC2 Agreement”). Pursuant to the MC2 Agreement, which set forth the collaborative efforts between EPI Health and MC2 to commercialize and promote Wynzora with MC2 in the United States, MC2 granted EPI Health an exclusive right and license under MC2’s intellectual property rights to sell, or detail (as defined in the MC2 Agreement), and engage in certain commercialization activities with respect to Wynzora in the United States.
Under the terms of the MC2 Agreement, EPI Health is entitled to a commercialization fee equivalent to a percentage of net sales ranging from the mid-teens for net sales less than or equal to $65,000 to the upper single digits for annual net sales greater than $105,000. EPI Health collects this commercialization fee by retaining its portion of the Wynzora product net sales it collects, with the remainder of the net sales being remitted to MC2 periodically, pursuant to the MC2 Agreement. EPI Health is also entitled to an incentive fee, which will also be withheld from the royalty payment paid by EPI Health to MC2, equal to 5% of the first $30,000 in net sales of Wynzora sold in the United States by EPI Health in each of the 2022 and 2023 calendar years; provided that such incentive fee shall not exceed $1,500 each year and such incentive fee shall not be credited to EPI Health until the royalty payments paid to MC2 surpass the amount of certain commercialization payments made previously by MC2.
The term of the MC2 Agreement runs until the seventh anniversary of the first commercial sale of Wynzora (as defined in the MC2 Agreement) or June 30, 2028, whichever is earlier. Either party may terminate the MC2 Agreement for the other party’s material uncured breach or the bankruptcy or insolvency of the other party. MC2 may terminate the MC2 Agreement under certain scenarios, including for convenience with twelve months’ advance notice to EPI Health provided that the termination is not effective unless MC2 pays any unpaid historical liabilities related to commercialization of Wynzora owed by MC2. EPI Health may terminate the MC2 Agreement for convenience with twelve months’ advance notice to MC2 provided that the termination is not effective unless the Company provides MC2 with a guarantee of the payment of any outstanding royalty payments, to the extent such royalty payments owed by EPI Health exceed any unpaid historical liabilities related to commercialization of Wynzora owed by MC2.
Rhofade Agreements
In connection with the Rhofade Acquisition Agreement that is described in Note 10—“Commitments and Contingencies,” EPI Health acquired rights to that certain Assignment and License Agreement, whereby EPI Health licenses certain intellectual property from Aspect Pharmaceuticals, LLC (“Aspect” and such agreement, the “Aspect Agreement”). Under the terms of the Aspect Agreement, EPI Health, as successor-in-interest, has exclusive rights to, and is required to use commercially reasonable efforts to, commercialize the Rhofade product. EPI Health also has a duty to certain other parties to use commercially reasonable efforts to commercialize the Rhofade product based on historical acquisition agreements for Rhofade that were assumed by EPI Health.
The Aspect Agreement expires upon the last-to-expire of patent claims made under the assigned and licensed patents under the Aspect Agreement. Aspect may terminate the agreement upon a material breach by EPI Health after providing an opportunity to cure. Upon such termination by Aspect, EPI Health will cease all development and commercialization of Rhofade and EPI Health will assign and convey to Aspect its entire right, title and interest in and to the assigned intellectual property transferred under the Aspect Agreement.
Additionally, under the Aspect Agreement, the Rhofade Acquisition Agreement and the other historical acquisitions related to Rhofade, EPI Health is also required to pay a combined royalty on net sales of Rhofade and related products initially in the low double digits, which rate may increase based on the thresholds of net sales achieved by EPI Health. EPI Health is also required to pay 25% of any upfront, license, milestone or other related payments received by EPI Health related to any sublicenses of Rhofade and related products.
In connection with two abbreviated new drug application (“ANDA”) settlement agreements that EPI Health entered into in connection with Rhofade in 2021, EPI Health granted two ANDA filers a license to launch their own generic product for the treatment of erythema in rosacea. The actual timing of the launch of such generic products is uncertain because the launch dates of such products under the settlement agreements are subject to acceleration under certain circumstances. In the absence of any circumstances triggering acceleration, the earliest launch of such a generic product would be in the third quarter of 2026.
Minolira Agreements
In connection with the Minolira acquisition that is described in Note 10—“Commitments and Contingencies,” EPI Health assumed the royalty obligation related to an ANDA settlement in connection with Minolira. Accordingly, EPI Health is required to pay a royalty to an ANDA filer in the low double digits of any generic form of Minolira that is the pharmaceutical equivalent of the 105 mg or 135 mg strength Minolira product.
Cloderm Agreements
In connection with the Cloderm acquisition that is described in Note 10—“Commitments and Contingencies,” on September 28, 2018, EPI Health entered into a distribution and supply agreement with Prasco, LLC (“Prasco”), whereby EPI Health has agreed to supply and Prasco has the right to purchase, distribute and sell an authorized generic (“AG”) version of the Cloderm product in the United States. Prasco is required to pay EPI Health the supply price for the products, along with an amount equal to net sales of the product, minus an amount for certain fees and expenses of Prasco initially equal to the low double digits of net sales of such product, which is retained by Prasco. The agreement will continue, on a product-by-product basis, for an initial five-year term from the first commercial sale of such product, which will automatically renew for an additional one-year term unless either party elects not to renew. The agreement may be terminated for convenience by EPI Health upon nine months’ written notice. Prasco may terminate with respect to a specific product based, among other factors, on a failure by EPI Health to deliver launch quantities. Either party may terminate immediately upon the occurrence of certain regulatory matters or based on a force majeure event.
Sitavig Agreements
On February 21, 2020, EPI Health entered into an agreement with Vectans Pharma (“Vectans”) in which the parties terminated an existing license agreement dated March 17, 2014 which granted EPI Health the exclusive right to develop and commercialize
a prescription Sitavig product in the United States and Canada, and instead provided that EPI Health would purchase outright certain intellectual property (and license other intellectual property) related to the prescription Sitavig Rx product in the United States and Canada (the “Vectans Agreement”).
At the time it entered into the Vectans Agreement, EPI Health also entered into an OTC Switch License Agreement (the “OTC License Agreement”) with Bayer Healthcare LLC (“Bayer”). Under the OTC License Agreement, EPI Health granted to Bayer an exclusive and sublicensable license to develop and commercialize an OTC product in the United States and Canada.
Under the OTC License Agreement, Bayer has agreed to pay EPI Health various regulatory milestone payments upon the achievement of such regulatory milestones equaling a maximum aggregate amount of $9,500, along with various commercial milestone payments upon the achievement of such commercial milestones equaling a maximum aggregate amount of $20,000. Under the Vectans Agreement, EPI Health is required to pay Vectans various milestone and royalty payments in amounts ranging from 32% ‐ 50% of the amounts paid by Bayer to EPI Health pursuant to the OTC License Agreement, and the Company will also be required to pay a portion of such milestone payments to EPG under the EPI Health Purchase Agreement.
Bayer has also agreed to pay to EPI Health a tiered royalty ranging from a mid-single digit to a low-double digit percentage of net sales of licensed products in the licensed territory, subject to a reduction in the royalty payments in certain circumstances.
Bayer is responsible for funding the development and commercial costs for the OTC product in the United States and Canada. The Company is obligated to perform certain oversight, review and supporting activities for Bayer, including (i) maintaining existing EPI Health patents related to the Sitavig product, and (ii) participating in a joint committee that oversees, reviews and approves development and commercialization activities under the OTC License Agreement.
The OTC License Agreement expires on the tenth anniversary of the first commercial sale of an OTC product on a country-by-country basis. The OTC License Agreement may be terminated by (i) Bayer without cause upon nine months’ advance written notice to EPI Health, (ii) either party in the event of the other party’s uncured material breach upon 60 days’ advance written notice, (iii) either party, upon three months’ notice, in the event Bayer provides EPI Health with notice that Bayer has elected to permanently discontinue development of the OTC product in the United States and Canada, and (iv) either party in the event of the other party’s dissolution, liquidation, bankruptcy or insolvency. On the tenth anniversary of the first commercial sale of the OTC product on a country-by-country basis, assuming Bayer is not in breach and the OTC License Agreement has not been terminated, Bayer will have an irrevocable, royalty-free license to commercialize the OTC product without any further obligations to EPI Health.
Nuvail Agreements
On November 7, 2021, a predecessor of EPI Health entered into an exclusive license agreement with Chesson Laboratory Associates, Inc.(“Chesson”), as subsequently amended, for the sale of Nuvail, and pursuant to such agreement, EPI Health serves as an exclusive distributor of this product in the United States. Pursuant to the Nuvail license agreement, EPI Health is required to pay a tiered royalty up to a low double digit percentage of net sales of Nuvail, subject to a minimum annual royalty payment. The initial term of the license agreement expired in 2021 and was automatically extended for an additional five year renewal period. The license agreement may be terminated by either party for material breach. Chesson may terminate the license agreement early for convenience upon 12 months’ notice but is required to pay a termination fee based on a multiple of trailing twelve months gross sales.
UNC Agreements
The Amended, Restated and Consolidated License Agreement dated June 27, 2012, as amended, with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (“UNC,” and such agreement, the “UNC License Agreement”) provides the Company with an exclusive license to issued patents and pending applications directed to the Company’s library of Nitricil compounds, including patents issued in the United States, Japan and Australia, with claims intended to cover NVN1000, the new chemical entity (“NCE”) for the Company’s current product candidates. The UNC License Agreement requires the Company to pay UNC up to $425 in regulatory and commercial milestones on a licensed product by licensed product basis and a running royalty percentage in the low single digits on net sales of licensed products. Licensed products include any products being developed by the Company or by its sublicensees.
Unless earlier terminated by the Company at its election, or if the Company materially breaches the agreement or becomes bankrupt, the UNC License Agreement remains in effect on a country by country and licensed product by licensed product basis until the expiration of the last to expire issued patent covering such licensed product in the applicable country. The projected date of expiration of the last to expire of the patents issued under the UNC License Agreement is 2036.
Other Research and Development Agreements
The Company has entered into various licensing agreements with universities and other research institutions under which the Company receives the rights, and in some cases substantially all of the rights, of the inventors, assignees or co-assignees to produce and market technology protected by certain patents and patent applications. In addition to the UNC License Agreement, which is the Company’s primary license agreement, the counterparties to the Company’s various other licensing agreements are the University of Akron Research Foundation, Hospital for Special Surgery, Strakan International S.a.r.l., which is a licensee of the University of Aberdeen, KIPAX AB and KNOW Bio.
The Company is required to make payments based upon achievement of certain milestones and will be required to make royalty payments based on a percentage of future sales of covered products or a percentage of sublicensing revenue. As future royalty payments are directly related to future revenues (either sales or sublicensing), future commitments cannot be determined. No accrual for future payments under these agreements has been recorded, as the Company cannot estimate if, when or in what amount payments may become due.
KNOW Bio Agreements
On December 30, 2015, the Company completed the distribution of 100% of the outstanding membership interests of KNOW Bio, LLC (“KNOW Bio”), a former wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, to Novan’s stockholders (the “Distribution”), pursuant to which KNOW Bio became an independent privately held company. In connection with the Distribution, the Company entered into exclusive license agreements and sublicense agreements with KNOW Bio, as described below. The agreements will continue for so long as there is a valid patent claim under the respective agreement, unless earlier terminated, and upon expiration, will continue as perpetual non-exclusive licenses. KNOW Bio has the right to terminate each such agreement, for any reason upon 90 days advance written notice to the Company.
License of existing and potential future intellectual property to KNOW Bio. The Company and KNOW Bio entered into an exclusive license agreement dated December 29, 2015 (the “KNOW Bio License Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the KNOW Bio License Agreement, the Company granted to KNOW Bio exclusive licenses, with the right to sublicense, under certain United States and foreign patents and patent applications that were controlled by the Company as of December 29, 2015 or that became controlled by the Company between that date and December 29, 2018, directed towards nitric-oxide releasing compositions and methods of manufacturing thereof, including methods of manufacturing Nitricil compounds and other nitric oxide-based therapeutics.
Sublicense of UNC and other third party intellectual property to KNOW Bio. The Company and KNOW Bio also entered into sublicense agreements dated December 29, 2015 (the “KNOW Bio Sublicense Agreements” and together with the KNOW Bio License Agreement, the “Original KNOW Bio Agreements”). Pursuant to the terms of the KNOW Bio Sublicense Agreements, the Company granted to KNOW Bio exclusive sublicenses, with the ability to further sublicense, under certain of the United States and foreign patents and patent applications exclusively licensed to the Company from UNC under the UNC License Agreement, and another third party directed towards nitric oxide-releasing compositions, to develop and commercialize products utilizing the licensed technology. Under the exclusive sublicense to the UNC patents and applications (the “UNC Sublicense Agreement”), KNOW Bio is subject to the terms and conditions under the UNC License Agreement, including milestone and diligence payment obligations. However, pursuant to the terms of the UNC License Agreement, the Company is directly obligated to pay UNC any future milestones or royalties, including those resulting from actions conducted by the Company’s sublicensees, including KNOW Bio. Therefore, in the event of KNOW Bio non-performance with respect to its obligations under the UNC Sublicense Agreement, the Company would be obligated to make such payments to UNC. KNOW Bio would then become obligated to repay the Company pursuant to the UNC Sublicense Agreement, otherwise KNOW Bio would be in breach of its agreements with the Company and intellectual property rights would revert back to the Company. There were no milestone or royalty payments required during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
On October 13, 2017, the Company and KNOW Bio entered into certain amendments to the Original KNOW Bio Agreements (the “KNOW Bio Amendments”). Pursuant to the terms of the KNOW Bio Amendments, the Company re-acquired from KNOW Bio exclusive, worldwide rights under certain United States and foreign patents and patent applications controlled by the Company as of December 29, 2015, and that became controlled by the Company between December 29, 2015 and December 29, 2018, directed towards nitric oxide-releasing compositions and methods of manufacturing thereof, including methods of manufacturing Nitricil compounds, and other nitric oxide-based therapeutics, to develop and commercialize products for all diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic and palliative uses for any disease, condition or disorder caused by certain oncoviruses (the “Oncovirus Field”).
KNOW Bio also granted to the Company an exclusive license, with the right to sublicense, under any patents and patent applications which became controlled by KNOW Bio during the three-year period between December 29, 2015 and December 29, 2018 and directed towards nitric oxide-releasing compositions and methods of manufacturing thereof, including methods of manufacturing Nitricil compounds, and other nitric oxide-based therapeutics, but not towards medical devices, to develop and commercialize products for use in the Oncovirus Field.
Upon execution of the KNOW Bio Amendments, in exchange for the Oncovirus Field rights, the Company paid KNOW Bio a non-refundable upfront payment of $250. Products the Company develops in the Oncovirus Field based on Nitricil will not be subject to any further milestones, royalties or sublicensing payment obligations to KNOW Bio under the KNOW Bio Amendments. However, if the Company develops products in the Oncovirus Field that incorporate a certain nitric oxide-releasing composition specified in the KNOW Bio Amendments and (i) are covered by KNOW Bio patents or (ii) materially use or incorporate know-how of KNOW Bio or the Company related to such composition that was created between December 29, 2015 and December 29, 2018, the Company would be obligated to make the certain contingent milestone and royalty payments to KNOW Bio under the KNOW Bio Amendments.
The rights granted to the Company in the Oncovirus Field in the KNOW Bio Amendments continue for so long as there is a valid patent claim under the Original KNOW Bio Agreements, and upon expiration continue on a perpetual non-exclusive basis, and are subject to the termination rights of KNOW Bio and the Company that are set forth in the Original KNOW Bio Agreements. In addition, under the KNOW Bio Amendments, KNOW Bio may terminate the rights granted to the Company in the Oncovirus Field without terminating the Original KNOW Bio Agreements.
The KNOW Bio Amendments also provide a mechanism whereby either party may cause a NCE covered by the Original KNOW Bio Agreements to become exclusive to such party by filing an investigational new drug application (“IND”) on the NCE. An NCE that becomes exclusive to a party under this provision may not be commercialized by the other party until the later of expiration of patents covering the NCE or regulatory exclusivity covering the NCE. A party who obtains exclusivity for an NCE must advance development of the NCE pursuant to terms of the KNOW Bio Amendments in order to maintain such exclusivity; otherwise, such exclusivity will expire.
Note 13: Net Product Revenues
The Company has the following actively promoted products that generate net product revenues:
Rhofade (oxymetazoline hydrochloride cream, 1%), or Rhofade, is an alpha1A adrenoceptor agonist indicated for the topical treatment of persistent facial erythema associated with rosacea in adults.
Minolira (biphasic minocycline hydrochloride immediate release/extended release 105 mg and 135 mg tablets), or Minolira, is indicated to treat inflammatory lesions of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris in patients 12 years of age and older.
Cloderm (clocortoline pivalate cream 0.1%), or Cloderm, is indicated for the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses.
The post-acquisition operating results of EPI Health are reflected within the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2022, specifically from March 11, 2022 through March 31, 2022. Net product revenues are summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total Net Product Revenues | | Percentage of Net Product Revenues |
| Rhofade | | $ | 838 | | | 117 | % |
| Minolira | | 78 | | | 11 | % |
| Cloderm | | 42 | | | 6 | % |
| Other | | (240) | | | (34) | % |
| Net product revenues | | $ | 718 | | | 100 | % |
For the period March 11, 2022 through March 31, 2022, the Company recorded adjustments for certain commercial products for accruals that were assumed as of the EPI Health Acquisition date. As such, the Other category presented in the table above is a net negative balance for the period presented.
As of March 31, 2022, two of the Company’s customers accounted for more than 10% of its total accounts receivable balance at 23% and 14%, respectively.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, one of the Company’s customers accounted for more than 10% of its total gross product revenues, at 13%.
Note 14: License and Collaboration Revenues
The Company has the following actively promoted products that generate license and collaboration revenues:
Wynzora (calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate cream), or Wynzora, is a combination of calcipotriene, a vitamin D analog, and betamethasone dipropionate, a corticosteroid, indicated for the topical treatment of plaque psoriasis in patients 18 years of age or older.
Cloderm AG (clocortoline pivalate cream 0.1%), or Cloderm AG, is indicated for the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses.
The post-acquisition operating results of EPI Health are reflected within the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022, specifically from March 11, 2022 through March 31, 2022. License and collaboration revenues are summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total License and Collaboration Revenues | | Percentage of License and Collaboration Revenues |
| Sato Agreement - SB206 and SB204 | $ | 646 | | | 55 | % |
| MC2 Agreement - Wynzora | 413 | | | 35 | % |
Prasco Agreement - Cloderm AG | 115 | | | 10 | % |
| License and collaboration revenues | $ | 1,174 | | | 100 | % |
Sato Agreement
The Company assessed the Sato Agreement in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and concluded that the contract counterparty, Sato, is a customer within the scope of Topic 606. The Company identified the following promises under the Sato Agreement (i) the grant of the intellectual property license to Sato, (ii) the obligation to participate in a joint committee that oversees, reviews, and approves Sato’s research and development activities and provides advisory support during Sato’s development process, (iii) the obligation to manufacture and supply Sato with all quantities of licensed product required for development activities in Japan, and (iv) the stand-ready obligation to perform any necessary repeat preclinical studies, up to $1,000 in cost. The Company determined that these promises were not individually distinct because Sato can only benefit from these licensed intellectual property rights and services when bundled together; they do not have individual benefit or utility to Sato. As a result, all promises have been combined into a single performance obligation.
The Sato Agreement also provides that the two parties agree to negotiate in good faith the terms of a commercial supply agreement pursuant to which the Company or a third-party manufacturer would be the exclusive supplier to Sato of the API for the commercial manufacture of licensed products in the licensed territory. The Company concluded this obligation to negotiate the terms of a commercial supply agreement does not create (i) a legally enforceable obligation under which the Company may have to perform and supply Sato with API for commercial manufacturing, or (ii) a material right because the incremental commercial supply fee consideration framework in the Sato Agreement is representative of a stand-alone selling price for the supply of API and does not represent a discount. Therefore, this contract provision is not considered to be a promise to deliver goods or services and is not a performance obligation or part of the combined single performance obligation described above.
Sato Amendment
On October 5, 2018, the Company and Sato entered into the second amendment to the Sato Agreement (the “Sato Amendment”). The Sato Amendment expanded the Sato Agreement to include SB206, the Company’s drug candidate for the treatment of viral skin infections. The Company assessed the Sato Agreement in accordance with Topic 606 and concluded the contract modification should incorporate the additional goods and services provided for in the Sato Amendment into the existing, partially satisfied single bundled performance obligation that will continue to be delivered to Sato over the remaining development period. The Company determined that this contract modification accounting is appropriate as the additional goods and services conveyed under the Sato Amendment were determined to not be distinct from the single performance obligation,
and the additional consideration provided did not reflect the standalone selling price of those additional goods and services. As such, the Company recorded a cumulative adjustment as of the amendment execution date to reflect revenue that would have been recognized cumulatively for the partially completed bundled performance obligation.
The Company concluded that the following elements of consideration would be included in the transaction price as they were (i) received prior to March 31, 2022, or (ii) payable upon specified fixed dates and were not contingent upon clinical or regulatory success in Japan:
•The 1.25 billion JPY (approximately $10,813 USD) original upfront payment received on January 19, 2017 following the execution of the Sato Agreement on January 12, 2017.
•A milestone payment of 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,162 USD) received during the fourth quarter of 2018 following Sato’s initiation of a Phase 1 trial in Japan.
•The Sato Amendment upfront payment of 1.25 billion JPY, payable in installments of 0.25 billion JPY, 0.5 billion JPY and 0.5 billion JPY on October 5, 2018, February 14, 2019 and September 13, 2019, respectively. On October 23, 2018, the Company received the first installment from the Sato Agreement of 0.25 billion JPY (approximately $2,224 USD). On March 14, 2019, the Company received the second installment payment related to the Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,460 USD). On November 7, 2019, the Company received the third installment payment related to the Sato Agreement of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,554 USD).
•An aggregate of 1.0 billion JPY in non-contingent milestone payments that become payable upon the earlier occurrence of specified fixed dates in the future or the achievement of specified milestone events. On May 20, 2021, the Company received one such non-contingent milestone payment in the form of a payment of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,572 USD) related to achievement of a time-based developmental milestone. On February 28, 2022, the Company received the remaining time-based milestone payment of 0.5 billion JPY (approximately $4,323 USD).
The Company concluded that the following elements of consideration would not be included in the transaction price as they are contingent upon clinical or regulatory success in Japan:
•Up to an aggregate of 0.5 billion JPY upon the achievement of various development and regulatory milestones.
•Up to an aggregate of 3.9 billion JPY upon the achievement of various commercial milestones.
•A tiered royalty ranging from a mid-single digit to a low-double digit percentage (adjusted from a mid-single digit percentage in the Sato Agreement) of net sales of licensed products in the licensed territory, subject to a reduction in the royalty payments in certain circumstances.
The payment terms contained within the Sato Agreement related to upfront, developmental milestone and sales milestone payments are of a short-term nature and, therefore, do not represent a financing component requiring additional consideration.
The following tables present the Company’s contract assets, contract liabilities and deferred revenue balances for the dates indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Contract Asset | | Contract Liability | | Net Deferred Revenue |
| December 31, 2021 | $ | — | | | $ | 13,251 | | | $ | 13,251 | |
| | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 | $ | — | | | $ | 12,605 | | | $ | 12,605 | |
| | | | | |
| | Short-term Deferred Revenue | | Long-term Deferred Revenue | | Net Deferred Revenue |
| December 31, 2021 | $ | 2,586 | | | $ | 10,665 | | | $ | 13,251 | |
| | | | | |
| March 31, 2022 | $ | 2,586 | | | $ | 10,019 | | | $ | 12,605 | |
The Company has recorded the Sato Agreement (both the initial agreement and as amended by the Sato Amendment) transaction price, including the upfront payments received and the unconstrained variable consideration, as deferred revenue (comprised of (i) a contract liability, net of (ii) a contract asset).
The change in the net deferred revenue balance during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was associated with the recognition of license and collaboration revenue associated with the Company’s performance during the period (continued amortization of deferred revenue).
During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $646 and $747, respectively, in license and collaboration revenue under the Sato Agreement. The Company has concluded that the above consideration is probable of not resulting in a significant revenue reversal and therefore included in the transaction price and is allocated to the single performance obligation. No other variable consideration under the Sato Agreement is probable of not resulting in a significant revenue reversal as of March 31, 2022 and therefore, is currently fully constrained and excluded from the transaction price.
The Company evaluated the timing of delivery for its performance obligation and concluded that a time-based input method is most appropriate because Sato is accessing and benefiting from the intellectual property and technology (the predominant items of the combined performance obligation) ratably over the duration of Sato’s estimated development period in Japan. Although the Company concluded that the intellectual property is functional rather than symbolic, the services provided under the performance obligation are provided over time. Therefore, the allocated transaction price will be recognized using a time-based input method that results in straight-line recognition over the Company’s performance period.
The Company monitors and reassesses the estimated performance period for purposes of revenue recognition during each reporting period. The Company currently estimates a 10-year performance period, completing in the third quarter of 2024, based upon a Sato-prepared SB206 Japanese development program timeline. The SB204 Japanese development plan and program timeline has not been presented by Sato and remains under evaluation by the Company and Sato. Currently, the Company understands that the progression of the Japanese SB204 program could follow the same timeline as the Japanese SB206 program, subject to the nature of the results of Sato’s comprehensive asset developmental program, including SB206.
The estimated timeline remains subject to prospective reassessment and adjustment based upon Sato’s interaction with the Japanese regulatory authorities and other developmental and timing considerations. The combined SB204 and SB206 development program timeline in Japan is continuously reevaluated by Sato and the Company, and may potentially be further affected by various factors, including (i) the analyses, assessments and decisions made by the joint development committee and the applicable regulatory authorities, which will influence and establish the combined SB204 and SB206 Japan development program plan, (ii) the remaining timeline and progression of the SB206 NDA submission in the United States, which has been and may be further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, (iii) the API and drug product supply chain progression, including the Company’s in-house drug manufacturing capabilities, (iv) the Company’s manufacturing technology transfer projects with third-party CMOs, and (v) a drug delivery device technology enhancement project with a technology manufacturing vendor.
If the duration of the combined SB204 and SB206 development program timeline is further affected by the establishment of or subsequent adjustments to, as applicable, the mutually agreed upon SB204 and SB206 development plan in the Japan territory, the Company will adjust its estimated performance period for revenue recognition purposes accordingly, as needed.
In future periods, the Company would lift the variable consideration constraint from each contingent payment if there were no longer a probable likelihood of significant revenue reversal. When the constraint is lifted from a milestone payment, the Company will recognize the incremental transaction price using the same time-based input method that is being used to recognize the revenue, which results in straight-line recognition over the performance period. If the Company’s performance is not yet completed at the time that the constraint is lifted, a cumulative catch-up adjustment will be recognized in the period. If no other performance is required by the Company at the time the constraint is lifted, the Company expects to recognize all revenue associated with such milestone payments at the time that the constraint is lifted.
Performance Obligations under the Sato Agreement
The net amount of existing performance obligations associated with the Sato Agreement unsatisfied as of March 31, 2022 was $12,605. The Company expects to recognize approximately 21% of the remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next 12 months, and the balance thereafter. The Company applied the practical expedient and does not disclose information about variable consideration related to sales-based or usage-based royalties promised in exchange for a license of intellectual property.
MC2 Agreement
The Company assessed the MC2 Agreement in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company identified the product distribution and commercialization services as the one single performance obligation under the MC2 Agreement. Per the MC2 agreement, the Company proposes a commercialization plan and incremental cost budget annually, which is developed in consultation with and subject to the approval of MC2. The Company is required to use commercially reasonable efforts to perform its commercialization activities in accordance with the commercialization plan, although the Company is not obligated to sell any minimum amount of Wynzora. MC2 then pays the Company on a quarterly basis prior to such calendar quarter for incremental costs to be incurred by the Company in the promotion and commercialization of Wynzora, including the supply price of Wynzora product inventory, in line with the budget.
The Company and MC2 work collaboratively in promoting and commercializing Wynzora. For instance, pursuant to the MC2 Agreement, MC2 is responsible for leading the overall strategy of messaging for the promotional materials for Wynzora and the Company is responsible for generating such promotional materials and executing all field promotional and sales activities via the Company’s existing commercial sales force. MC2 is responsible for manufacturing Wynzora, and subject to MC2’s obligation to supply product under the supply terms, the Company fills orders and distributes Wynzora. The parties share regulatory responsibilities, and except for the regulatory responsibilities assigned to the Company under the terms of the MC2 Agreement, MC2 is responsible for maintaining the NDA for Wynzora and all remaining regulatory activities. The MC2 Agreement also establishes a joint steering committee, which monitors and oversees the development, promotion, commercialization, and manufacturing of Wynzora, coordinates the collaborative activities of the parties and resolves disputes.
The transaction price will be allocated entirely to the single performance obligation. Further, the variable consideration is allocated to each distinct period of service, which is determined to be each year in which the pricing structure resets. During the year, the Company will estimate the variable consideration that will be earned and recognize that amount, updating its estimate of variable consideration each reporting period (quarterly). The Company determined that revenue will be recognized at a point in time, upon arranging for the delivery and distribution of Wynzora product on behalf of MC2.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recognized $413 in license and collaboration revenue under this agreement.
Performance Obligations under the MC2 Agreement
The net amount of existing performance obligations related to prepayments for future costs under the MC2 Agreement as of March 31, 2022 was $3,237 and is reflected in the current portion of short-term deferred revenue within the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company expects to recognize these performance obligations as revenue over the next 3 months.
Note 15: Research and Development Agreements
Royalty and Milestone Payments Purchase Agreement with Reedy Creek Investments LLC
On April 29, 2019, the Company entered into a royalty and milestone payments purchase agreement (the “Reedy Creek Purchase Agreement”) with Reedy Creek Investments LLC (“Reedy Creek”), pursuant to which Reedy Creek provided funding to the Company in an amount of $25,000 for the Company to use primarily to pursue the development, regulatory approval and commercialization activities (including through out-license agreements and other third-party arrangements) for SB206, a topical gel with anti-viral properties being developed as a treatment for molluscum, and advancing programmatically such activities with respect to SB204, a once-daily, topical monotherapy being developed for the treatment of acne vulgaris, and SB414, a topical cream-based product candidate being developed for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. If the Company successfully commercializes any such product following regulatory approval, the Company will be obligated to pay Reedy Creek a low single digit royalty on net sales of such products in the United States, Mexico or Canada.
The Company determined that the Reedy Creek Purchase Agreement is within the scope of ASC 730-20, Research and Development Arrangements, and that there has not been a substantive and genuine transfer of risk related to the Reedy Creek Purchase Agreement. As such, the Company determined that the appropriate accounting treatment under ASC 730-20 was to record the proceeds of $25,000 as cash and cash equivalents, as the Company had the ability to direct the usage of funds, and a long-term liability within its classified balance sheet.
Development Funding and Royalties Agreement with Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
On May 4, 2019, the Company entered into a development funding and royalties agreement (the “Ligand Funding Agreement”) with Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (“Ligand”), pursuant to which Ligand provided funding to the Company of $12,000, for the Company to use to pursue the development and regulatory approval of SB206, a topical gel with anti-viral properties being developed as a treatment for molluscum.
Pursuant to the Ligand Funding Agreement, the Company will pay Ligand up to $20,000 in milestone payments upon the achievement by the Company of certain regulatory and commercial milestones associated with SB206 or any product that incorporates or uses NVN1000, the API for the Company’s clinical stage product candidates, as a treatment for molluscum. In addition to the milestone payments, the Company will pay Ligand tiered royalties ranging from 7% to 10% based on annual aggregate net sales of such products in the United States, Mexico or Canada.
The Company determined that the Ligand transaction is within the scope of ASC 730-20 as it represents an obligation to perform contractual services for the development of SB206 using commercially reasonable efforts. As such, the Company concluded that the appropriate accounting treatment under ASC 730-20 was to record the proceeds of $12,000 as a liability and amortize the liability ratably during each reporting period, based on the Ligand funding as a percentage of the total direct costs incurred by the Company during the reporting period related to the estimated total cost to progress the SB206 program to a regulatory approval in the United States. The ratable Ligand funding is presented within the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss within research and development expenses associated with the SB206 program.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded contra-research and development expense related to the SB206 developmental program of $297 and $18, respectively, related to amortization of the Ligand Funding Agreement amount.
Note 16: Stock-Based Compensation
2016 Incentive Award Plan
During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company continued to administer and grant awards under the 2016 Incentive Award Plan, as amended (the “2016 Plan”), the Company’s only active equity incentive plan. Certain of the Company’s stock options granted under the Company’s 2008 Stock Plan (the “2008 Plan”), which is the predecessor to the 2016 Plan and became inactive upon adoption of the 2016 Plan effective September 20, 2016, remain outstanding and exercisable.
Stock Appreciation Rights
The Company has occasionally used stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) as a component of executive compensation. As of December 17, 2019, the Company entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Paula Brown Stafford which provided for a grant of 60,000 SARs with an exercise price of $8.20 per share (the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date) and with a ten year term. These SAR awards were vested in full as of December 31, 2021 and remain outstanding as of March 31, 2022.
Tangible Stockholder Return Plan
On August 2, 2018, the Company’s board of directors approved and established the Tangible Stockholder Return Plan, which was a performance-based long-term incentive plan (the “Performance Plan”). The Performance Plan was effective immediately upon approval and expired on March 1, 2022. The Performance Plan covered all employees, including the Company’s executive officers, consultants and other persons deemed eligible by the Company’s compensation committee. The core underlying metric of the Performance Plan was the potential achievement of two share price goals for the Company’s common stock, which if achieved, could have represented measurable increases in stockholder value.
The Performance Plan expired on March 1, 2022. As the Company’s stock price did not reach the minimum share price targets necessary to trigger a payment, no payments were made under the Performance Plan to any participants during the period the Performance Plan was effective.
Stock Compensation Expense
During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | | | |
| Stock options | $ | 381 | | | $ | 7 | | | | | |
| Stock appreciation rights | — | | | 29 | | | | | |
| Tangible Stockholder Return Plan | — | | | 44 | | | | | |
| Total | $ | 381 | | | $ | 80 | | | | | |
Total stock-based compensation expense included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | | |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | | | |
| Research and development | $ | 73 | | | $ | (52) | | | | | |
| Selling, general and administrative | 308 | | | 132 | | | | | |
| Total | $ | 381 | | | $ | 80 | | | | | |
Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares
Subject to
Outstanding
Options | | Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share | | Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years) | | Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value |
| Options outstanding as of December 31, 2021 | 518,553 | | | $ | 15.48 | | | | | |
| Options granted | 150,000 | | | 3.99 | | | | | |
| Options forfeited | (3,025) | | | 8.38 | | | | | |
| Options exercised | — | | | — | | | | | |
| Options outstanding as of March 31, 2022 | 665,528 | | | $ | 12.92 | | | 8.78 | | $ | 29 | |
As of March 31, 2022, there were a total of 665,528 stock options outstanding and there were 1,066,249 shares available for future issuance under the 2016 Plan.
Note 17: Fair Value
The Company has contingent consideration associated with the EPI Health Acquisition that is required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis, presented within the condensed consolidated balance sheets as both current and long-term liabilities, beginning as of March 11, 2022.
ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement Disclosure, requires use of a three-tiered hierarchy, which requires that fair value measurements be classified and disclosed in one of three tiers. These tiers are: Level 1, defined as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as valuations based on observable inputs other than those included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable input data; and Level 3, defined as valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants.
For assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, it is the Company’s policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy. Fair value measurements for assets and liabilities where there exists limited or no observable market data and therefore, are based primarily upon estimates, are often calculated based on the economic and competitive environment, the characteristics of the asset or liability and other factors. Therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability. Additionally, there may be inherent uncertainties in any calculation technique, and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results of current or future values. The Company utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures.
The carrying values of accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, and certain accrued expenses as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these items. The Company’s notes payable balance, which is comprised of the balance on the Seller Note, also approximates fair value as of March 31, 2022, as the effective interest rate on the notes payable approximates the rates available to the Company as of this date.
The Company’s contingent consideration liability is measured on a recurring basis using level 3 inputs. The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration related to the EPI Health Acquisition requires significant management judgment and estimation, is calculated using a probability-weighted valuation model that measures the present value of the probable cash payments based upon the future milestone events of EPI Health at a discount rate that captures the risk associated with the liability, and is also based on a Monte Carlo simulation, whereby EPI Health’s forecasted net sales from the EPI Health legacy products were simulated over the measurement period to calculate the contingent consideration.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, there were no changes in fair value related to contingent consideration related to the EPI Health Acquisition based upon the closing date of March 11, 2022. See Note 2—“Acquisition of EPI Health” for additional detail regarding contingent consideration related to the transaction.
Note 18: Segment Information
The Company has determined that it operates in two segments, which represent (i) the promotion of commercial products for the treatment of medical dermatological conditions (the “Commercial Operations” segment), and (ii) research and development activities related to the Company’s nitric oxide-based technology to develop product candidates (the “Research and Development Operations” segment).
•The Commercial Operations segment consists of the Company’s portfolio of commercial products.
•The Research and Development Operations segment consists of multiple drug product candidates under clinical development.
Costs associated with the development of SB206 are currently included in the Research and Development Operations segment. There are no significant inter-segment sales. The Company evaluates the performance of each segment based on operating profit or loss. There is no inter-segment allocation of non-operating expenses and income taxes. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) is the Company’s Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer.
Segment revenue, net and comprehensive loss and total assets were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended |
| | March 31, 2022 |
| Revenue | | |
| Commercial operations | | $ | 1,246 | |
| Research and Development operations | | 682 | |
| Total revenue | | $ | 1,928 | |
| | |
| Net loss | | |
| Commercial operations | | $ | (726) | |
| Research and Development operations | | (12,654) | |
| Net loss and comprehensive loss | | $ | (13,380) | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | As of |
| | March 31, 2022 |
| Assets | | |
| Commercial operations | | $ | 59,050 | |
| Research and Development operations | | 52,999 | |
| Total assets | | $ | 112,049 | |
The net revenues attributed to the Commercial Operations segment are primarily derived from the sale of the Company’s commercial products, and the net revenues attributed to the Research and Development Operations segment are primarily derived from the arrangement with the Company’s licensing partner in Japan for SB206 and SB204. Drug development and potential commercialization costs are included in the Research and Development Operations segment. Total assets by reporting segment are not reviewed by the CODM when evaluating the reporting segments’ performance, however, the Commercial Operations segment includes the acquired assets associated with the EPI Health Acquisition and changes in such assets, while the Research and Development Operations segment is comprised of the assets associated with the historical business of the Company related to the Company’s product candidates that are in development.
Substantially all revenue was derived from product sales or from licensing agreements originating in the United States. All of the Company’s long-lived assets are maintained in the United States.
Although all of the Company’s operations are based in, and all net product revenue is generated from, sales in the United States, the revenue generated from its licensing partner in Japan was $646, or 95% of total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2022, which was attributed to the Research and Development Operations segment. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company generated revenue from its licensing partner in Japan of $747, or approximately 91% of total
revenue. Prior to the quarter ended March 31, 2022, the Company operated in only one segment, which was the Research and Development Operations segment.