Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2020
(Unaudited)
1. Organization and Basis of Presentation
Altisource Asset Management Corporation (“we,” “our,” “us,” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the U.S. Virgin Islands (“USVI”) on March 15, 2012 (our “inception”) and commenced operations on December 21, 2012. Our primary business is to provide asset management and corporate governance services to institutional investors. We have been a registered investment adviser under Section 203(c) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 since October 2013.
Our primary client is Front Yard Residential Corporation (“Front Yard”), a public real estate investment trust (“REIT”) focused on acquiring and managing quality, affordable single-family rental (“SFR”) properties throughout the United States. All of our revenue for all periods presented was generated through our asset management agreements with Front Yard.
On March 31, 2015, we entered into an asset management agreement (the “Former AMA”) with Front Yard, under which we were the exclusive asset manager for Front Yard for an initial term of 15 years from April 1, 2015, with two potential five-year extensions. The Former AMA provided for a fee structure in which we were entitled to a base management fee, an incentive management fee and a conversion fee for mortgage loans and real estate owned (“REO”) properties that became rental properties for the first time during each quarter.
On May 7, 2019, we entered into an amended and restated asset management agreement with Front Yard (the “Amended AMA”), under which we are the exclusive asset manager for Front Yard for an initial term of five years and will renew automatically each year thereafter for an additional one-year term, subject in each case to certain termination provisions. The Amended AMA provides for a fee structure in which we are entitled to a Base Management Fee and a potential Incentive Fee. Accordingly, our operating results continue to be highly dependent on Front Yard's operating results. See Note 5 for additional details of these asset management agreements.
On August 13, 2020, AAMC and Front Yard entered into Termination and Transition Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”), pursuant to which they have agreed to terminate the Amended AMA, thereby effectively internalizing the asset management function of Front Yard in exchange for payment of a termination fee and other consideration to AAMC. For a description of the Termination Agreement and its key terms, please see Note 10.
Since we are heavily reliant on revenues earned from Front Yard, investors may obtain additional information about Front Yard in its Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, including, without limitation, Front Yard’s financial statements and other important disclosures therein, available at http://www.sec.gov and http://ir.frontyardresidential.com/financial-information.
Basis of presentation and use of estimates
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). All wholly owned subsidiaries are included, and all intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial information, in our opinion, contain all adjustments that are of a normal recurring nature and are necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods. The interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. We have omitted certain notes and other information from the interim condensed consolidated financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as permitted by SEC rules and regulations. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our annual consolidated financial statements included within our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2020.
Use of estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Preferred stock
Issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in 2014 Private Placement
During the first quarter of 2014, we issued 250,000 shares of convertible preferred stock for $250.0 million (“Series A Shares”) to institutional investors. Under the Certificate of Designations of the Series A Shares (the “Certificate”), we have the option to redeem all of the Series A Shares on March 15, 2020 and on each successive five-year anniversary of March 15, 2020 thereafter. In connection with these same redemption dates, each holder of our Series A Shares has the right to give notice requesting us to redeem all of the shares of Series A Shares held by such holder out of legally available funds. In accordance with the terms of the Certificate, if we have legally available funds to redeem all, but not less than all, of the Series A Shares requested to be redeemed on a redemption date, we will deliver to those holders who have requested redemption in accordance with the Certificate a notice of redemption. If we do not have legally available funds to redeem all, but not less than all, of the Series A Shares requested to be redeemed on a redemption date, we will not provide a notice of redemption. The redemption right will be exercisable in connection with each redemption date every five years until the mandatory redemption date in 2044. If we are required to redeem all of the holder's Series A Shares, we are required to do so for cash at a price equal to $1,000 per share (the issuance price) out of funds legally available therefor. Due to the redemption provisions of the Series A Preferred Stock, we classify these shares as mezzanine equity, outside of permanent stockholders' equity.
Between January 31, 2020 and February 3, 2020, we received purported notices from holders of our Series A Shares requesting us to redeem an aggregate of $250.0 million liquidation preference of our Series A Shares on March 15, 2020. We do not have legally available funds to redeem all of the Series A Shares on March 15, 2020. As a result, we do not believe, under the terms of the Certificate, that we are obligated to redeem any of the Series A Shares under the Certificate, and, consistent with the exclusive forum provisions of our Third Amended and Restated Bylaws, on January 27, 2020, we filed a claim for declaratory relief in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix, against Luxor Capital Group, LP and certain of its funds and managed accounts (collectively, “Luxor”) to confirm our interpretation of the Certificate. Luxor has removed the action to the U.S District Court for the Virgin Islands, and, on March 24, 2020, AAMC moved to remand the action back to the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix. That motion is fully briefed and pending. On May 15, 2020, Luxor moved to dismiss AAMC's declaratory judgment complaint. That motion has been fully briefed and submitted to the Court as of July 29, 2020.
On February 3, 2020, Luxor filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, against AAMC for breach of contract, specific performance, unjust enrichment, and related damages and expenses. The complaint alleges that AAMC’s position that it will not redeem any of Luxor’s Series A Shares on the March 15, 2020 redemption date is a material breach of AAMC’s redemption obligations under the Certificate. Luxor seeks an order requiring AAMC to redeem its Series A Shares, recovery of no less than $144,212,000 in damages, which is equal to the amount Luxor would receive if AAMC redeemed all of Luxor’s Series A Shares at the redemption price of $1,000 per share set forth in the Certificate, as well as payment of its costs and expenses in the lawsuit. In the alternative, Luxor seeks a return of its initial purchase price of $150,000,000 for the Series A Shares, as well as payment of its costs and expenses in the lawsuit. On May 25, 2020, Luxor’s complaint was amended to add Putnam Equity Spectrum Fund and Putnam Capital Spectrum Fund (collectively, “Putnam”), which also invested in the Series A Shares, as plaintiff. Putnam holds 81,800 Series A Shares. Collectively, Luxor and Putnam seek a recovery of no less than $226,012,000 in damages, which is equal to the amount Luxor and Putnam would receive if AAMC redeemed all of Luxor’s and Putnam’s Series A Shares at the redemption price of $1,000 per share set forth in the Certificate, as well as payment of their costs and expenses in the lawsuit. In the alternative, Luxor and Putnam seek a return of the initial purchase price of $231,800,000 for the Series A Shares, as well as payment of their costs and expenses in the lawsuit. On June 12, 2020, AAMC moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint in favor of AAMC’s first-filed declaratory judgment action in the U.S. Virgin Islands. On August 4, 2020, the court denied AAMC’s motion to dismiss. AAMC is currently considering whether to appeal the court’s decision.
AAMC intends to continue to pursue its strategic business initiatives despite this litigation. If Luxor and Putnam were to prevail in its lawsuit, we may need to cease or curtail our business initiatives and our liquidity could be materially and adversely affected.
The holders of Series A Preferred Stock are not entitled to receive dividends with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock. The shares of Series A Preferred Stock are convertible into shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $1,250 per share (or an exchange ratio of 0.8 shares of common stock for each share of Series A Preferred Stock), subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments.
Upon certain change of control transactions or upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of the Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive an amount in cash per Series A Preferred Stock equal to the greater of:
(i) $1,000 plus the aggregate amount of cash dividends paid on the number of shares of common stock into which such shares of Series A Preferred Stock was convertible on each ex-dividend date for such dividends; and
(ii) the number of shares of common stock into which the Series A Preferred Stock is then convertible multiplied by the then current market price of the common stock.
The Series A Preferred Stock confers no voting rights to holders, except with respect to matters that materially and adversely affect the voting powers, rights or preferences of the Series A Preferred Stock or as otherwise required by applicable law.
With respect to the distribution of assets upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the Series A Preferred Stock ranks senior to our common stock and on parity with all other classes of preferred stock that may be issued by us in the future.
The Series A Preferred Stock is recorded net of issuance costs, which were amortized on a straight-line basis through the first potential redemption date in March 2020.
2016 Employee Preferred Stock Plan
On May 26, 2016, the 2016 Employee Preferred Stock Plan (the “Employee Preferred Stock Plan”) was approved by our stockholders. Pursuant to the Employee Preferred Stock Plan, the Company may grant one or more series of non-voting preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share in the Company to induce certain employees to become employed and remain employees of the Company in the USVI, and any of its future USVI subsidiaries, to encourage ownership of shares in the Company by such USVI employees and to provide additional incentives for such employees to promote the success of the Company’s business.
Pursuant to our stockholder approval of the Employee Preferred Stock Plan, on December 29, 2016, the Company authorized 14 additional series of preferred stock of the Company, consisting of Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock, Series G Preferred Stock, Series H Preferred Stock, Series I Preferred Stock, Series J Preferred Stock, Series K Preferred Stock, Series L Preferred Stock, Series M Preferred Stock, Series N Preferred Stock and Series O Preferred Stock, and each series shall consist of up to an aggregate of 1,000 shares.
We have issued shares of preferred stock under the Employee Preferred Stock Plan to certain of our USVI employees. These shares of preferred stock are mandatorily redeemable by us in the event of such employee's termination of service with the Company for any reason. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had 1,000 and 1,000 shares outstanding, respectively, and we included the redemption value of these shares of $10,000 and $10,000, respectively, within accounts payable and accrued liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In December 2019 and February 2019, our Board of Directors declared and paid an aggregate of $1.0 million (in relation to the 2019 fiscal year) and $1.1 million (in relation to the 2018 fiscal year), respectively, of dividends on these shares of preferred stock. Such dividends are included in salaries and employee benefits in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Recently issued accounting standards
Adoption of recent accounting standards
In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which amends the guidance on measuring credit losses on financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13, as amended, is intended to address the issue that the previous “incurred loss” methodology was restrictive for an entity's ability to record credit losses based on not yet meeting the “probable” threshold. The new language requires these assets to be valued at amortized cost presented at the net amount expected to be collected with a valuation provision. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 should be applied on a modified retrospective transition basis. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2020, and our adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes - Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard.
2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table sets forth the carrying amount and the fair value of the Company's financial assets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of the dates indicated ($ in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
|
Carrying Amount
|
|
Quoted Prices in Active Markets
|
|
Observable Inputs Other Than Level 1 Prices
|
|
Unobservable Inputs
|
|
June 30, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recurring basis (assets):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Front Yard common stock
|
$
|
14,133
|
|
|
$
|
14,133
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recurring basis (assets):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Front Yard common stock
|
$
|
20,046
|
|
|
$
|
20,046
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
We did not transfer any assets from one level to another level during the six months ended June 30, 2020 or during the year ended December 31, 2019.
The fair value of our holdings in Front Yard common stock is based on unadjusted quoted prices from active markets.
We held 1,624,465 shares of Front Yard's common stock at each of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, representing approximately 2.7% and 3.0% of Front Yard's then-outstanding common stock, respectively. All of our shares of Front Yard's common stock were acquired in open market transactions.
The following table presents the cost basis and fair value of our holdings in Front Yard's common stock as of the dates indicated ($ in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
|
|
Gross Unrealized Gains
|
|
Gross Unrealized Losses
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
June 30, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Front Yard common stock
|
$
|
20,596
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(6,463)
|
|
|
$
|
14,133
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Front Yard common stock
|
$
|
20,596
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(550)
|
|
|
$
|
20,046
|
|
3. Leases
We lease office space under various operating leases. We currently occupy office space in Christiansted, U.S. Virgin Islands; Charlotte, North Carolina; College Station, Texas; George Town, Cayman Islands; and Bengaluru, India. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, our weighted average remaining lease term, including applicable extensions, was 8.6 years and 9.1 years, respectively, and we applied a discount rate of 8.4% and 8.4%, respectively, to our office leases. We determine the discount rate for each lease to be either the discount rate stated in the lease agreement or our estimated rate that we would be charged to finance real estate assets.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we recognized rent expense of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, related to long-term operating leases and $27,000 and $54,000, respectively, related to short-term operating leases. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we recognized rent expense of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, related to long-term operating leases and $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, related to short-term operating leases. We include rent expense as a component of general and administrative expenses.
The following table presents our future lease obligations under our operating leases as of June 30, 2020 ($ in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Lease Liabilities
|
|
|
|
2020 (1)
|
$
|
307
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
628
|
|
|
|
|
2022
|
653
|
|
|
|
|
2023
|
680
|
|
|
|
|
2024
|
701
|
|
|
|
|
Thereafter
|
3,091
|
|
|
|
|
Total lease payments
|
6,060
|
|
|
|
|
Less: interest
|
1,808
|
|
|
|
|
Lease liabilities
|
$
|
4,252
|
|
|
|
_____________
(1)Excludes the six months ended June 30, 2020.
4. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation, claims and assessments
Information regarding reportable legal proceedings is contained in the “Commitments and Contingencies” note in the financial statements provided in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. We establish reserves for specific legal proceedings when we determine that the likelihood of an outcome is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We do not currently have any reserves for our legal proceedings. The following updates and restates the description of the previously reported matters:
Erbey Holding Corporation et al. v. Blackrock Management Inc., et al.
On April 12, 2018, a partial stockholder derivative action was filed in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix under the caption Erbey Holding Corporation, et al. v. Blackrock Financial Management Inc., et al. The action was filed by Erbey Holding Corporation (“Erbey Holding”), John R. Erbey Family Limited Partnership (“JREFLP”), by its general partner Jupiter Capital, Inc., Salt Pond Holdings, LLC (“Salt Pond”), Munus, L.P. (“Munus”), Carisma Trust (“Carisma”), by its trustee, Venia, LLC, and Tribue Limited Partnership (collectively, the “Plaintiffs”) each on its own behalf and Salt Pond and Carisma derivatively on behalf of AAMC. The action was filed against Blackrock Financial Management, Inc., Blackrock Investment Management, LLC, Blackrock Investments, LLC, Blackrock Capital Management, Inc., Blackrock, Inc. (collectively, “Blackrock”), Pacific Investment Management Company LLC, PIMCO Investments LLC (collectively, “PIMCO”) and John and Jane Does 1-10 (collectively with Blackrock and PIMCO, the “Defendants”). The action alleges a conspiracy by Blackrock and PIMCO to harm Ocwen and AAMC and certain of their subsidiaries, affiliates and related companies and to extract enormous profits at the expense of Ocwen and AAMC by attempting to damage their operations, business relationships and reputations. The complaint alleges that Defendants’ conspiratorial activities, which included short-selling activities, were designed to destroy Ocwen and AAMC, and that the Plaintiffs (including AAMC) suffered significant injury, including but not limited to lost value of their stock and/or stock holdings. The action seeks, among other things, an award of monetary damages to AAMC, including treble damages under Section 605, Title IV of the Virgin Islands Code related to the Criminally Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, punitive damages and an award of attorney’s and other fees and expenses.
Defendants have moved to dismiss the first amended verified complaint. Plaintiffs and AAMC have moved for leave to file a second amended verified complaint to include AAMC as a direct plaintiff, rather than as a derivative party. On March 27, 2019, the Court held oral argument on Defendants' motions to dismiss the first amended verified complaint and Plaintiffs' motion for leave to file the second amended verified complaint. The Court has not yet decided the pending motions.
At this time, we are not able to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter, nor can we estimate the range of possible damages to be awarded to AAMC, if any. We have determined that there is no contingent liability related to this matter for AAMC.
Altisource Asset Management Corporation v. Luxor Capital Group, LP, et al.
On January 27, 2020, AAMC filed a complaint for declaratory judgment relief in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix, against Luxor Capital Group, LP and certain of its funds and managed accounts (collectively, “Luxor”) regarding AAMC’s redemption obligations under the Certificate of Designations (the “Certificate”) of AAMC’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A Shares”). Under the Certificate, holders of the Series A Shares are permitted on March 15, 2020 and on each successive five-year anniversary of March 15, 2020 to request AAMC, upon not less than 15 nor more than 30 business days’ prior notice, to redeem all but not less than all of their Series A Shares out of legally available funds. AAMC seeks a declaration that AAMC is not required to redeem any of Luxor’s Series A Shares on a redemption date if AAMC does not have legally available funds to redeem all of Luxor’s Series A Shares on such redemption date. Luxor has removed the action to the U.S District Court for the Virgin Islands, and, on March 24, 2020, AAMC moved to remand the action back to the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix. That motion is fully briefed and pending decision. On May 15, 2020, Luxor moved to dismiss AAMC's declaratory judgment complaint. That motion has been fully briefed and submitted to the Court as of July 29, 2020.
Luxor Capital Group, LP, et al. v. Altisource Asset Management Corporation
On February 3, 2020, Luxor filed a complaint in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, against AAMC for breach of contract, specific performance, unjust enrichment, and related damages and expenses. The complaint alleges that AAMC’s position that it would not redeem any of Luxor’s Series A Shares on the March 15, 2020 redemption date is a material breach of AAMC’s redemption obligations under the Certificate. Luxor seeks an order requiring AAMC to redeem its Series A Shares, recovery of no less than $144,212,000 in damages, which is equal to the amount Luxor would receive if AAMC redeemed all of Luxor’s Series A Shares at the redemption price of $1,000 per share set forth in the Certificate, as well as payment of its costs and expenses in the lawsuit. In the alternative, Luxor seeks a return of its initial purchase price of $150,000,000 for the Series A Shares, as well as payment of its costs and expenses in the lawsuit. On May 25, 2020, Luxor's complaint was amended to add Putnam Equity Spectrum Fund and Putnam Capital Spectrum Fund (collectively, “Putnam”), which also invested in the Series A Shares, as plaintiffs. Putnam holds 81,800 Series A Shares. Collectively, Luxor and Putnam seek a recovery of no less than $226,012,000 in damages, which is equal to the amount Luxor and Putnam would receive if AAMC redeemed all of Luxor’s and Putnam’s Series A Shares at the redemption price of $1,000 per share set forth in the Certificate, as well as payment of their costs and expenses in the lawsuit. In the alternative, Luxor and Putnam seek a return of the initial purchase price of $231,800,000 for the Series A Shares, as well as payment of their costs and expenses in the lawsuit. On June 12, 2020, AAMC moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint in favor of AAMC's first-filed declaratory judgment action in the U.S. Virgin Islands. On August 4, 2020, the court denied AAMC’s motion to dismiss. AAMC is currently considering whether to appeal the court’s decision.
COVID-19 Pandemic
Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and globally, our business, our employees and the economy as a whole could be adversely impacted. The magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our cash flows and future results of operations could potentially be significant and will largely depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, the success of actions taken to contain or treat the pandemic, and reactions by consumers, companies, governmental entities and capital markets. Although COVID-19 to date has not adversely impacted our revenues as we continue to rely on a minimum asset management fee, the prolonged duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our primary client, or on any our new businesses in development, could cause or result in office closures and other related disruptions that could materially adversely impact our business operations and impact our financial performance.
5. Related Party Transactions
Asset management agreement with Front Yard
Pursuant to the Amended AMA, we design and implement Front Yard's business strategy, administer its business activities and day-to-day operations and provide corporate governance services, subject to oversight by Front Yard's Board of Directors. We are responsible for, among other duties: (1) performing and administering certain of Front Yard's day-to-day operations; (2) defining investment criteria in Front Yard's investment policy in cooperation with its Board of Directors; (3) sourcing, analyzing and executing asset acquisitions, including the related financing activities; (4) overseeing Front Yard's renovation, leasing and property management of its SFR properties; (5) analyzing and executing sales of certain rental properties, REO properties and residential mortgage loans; (6) performing asset management duties and (7) performing corporate governance and other management functions, including financial, accounting and tax management services.
We provide Front Yard with a management team and support personnel who have substantial experience in the acquisition and management of residential properties. Our management also has significant corporate governance experience that enables us to manage Front Yard's business and organizational structure efficiently. We have agreed not to provide the same or substantially similar services without the prior written consent of Front Yard's Board of Directors to any business or entity competing against Front Yard in (a) the acquisition or sale of SFR and/or REO properties, non-performing and re-performing mortgage loans or other similar assets; (b) the carrying on of an SFR business or (c) any other activity in which Front Yard engages. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we may engage in any other business or render similar or different services to any businesses engaged in lending or insurance activities or any other activity other than those described above. Further, at any time following Front Yard's determination and announcement that it will no longer engage in any of the above-described competitive activities, we would be entitled to provide advisory or other services to businesses or entities in such competitive activities without Front Yard's prior consent.
Terms of the Amended AMA
We and Front Yard entered into the Amended AMA on May 7, 2019 (the “Effective Date”). The Amended AMA amends and restates, in its entirety, the Former AMA. The Amended AMA has an initial term of 5 years and will renew automatically each year thereafter for an additional one-year term, subject in each case to the termination provisions further described below.
Management Fees
The Amended AMA provides for the following management fee structure, which is subject to certain performance thresholds and an Aggregate Fee Cap (as described below):
•Base Management Fee. Front Yard will pay a quarterly base management fee (the “Base Management Fee”) to us as follows:
▪Initially, commencing on the Effective Date and until the Reset Date (as defined below), the quarterly Base Management Fee will be (i) $3,584,000 (the “Minimum Base Fee”) plus (ii) an additional amount (the “Additional Base Fee”), if any, of 50% of the amount by which Front Yard's per share Adjusted AFFO (as defined in the Amended AMA) for the quarter exceeds $0.15 per share (provided that the Base Management Fee for any calendar quarter prior to the Reset Date cannot be less than the Minimum Base Fee or greater than $5,250,000). Beginning in 2021, the Base Management Fee may be reduced, but not below the Minimum Base Fee, in the fourth quarter of each year by the amount that Front Yard's AFFO (as defined below) on a per share basis is less than an aggregate of $0.60 for the applicable calendar year (the “AFFO Adjustment Amount”); and
▪Thereafter, commencing in the first quarter after which the quarterly Base Management Fee first reaches $5,250,000 (the “Reset Date”), the Base Management Fee will be 25% of the sum of (i) the applicable Annual Base Fee Floor plus (ii) the amount calculated by multiplying the applicable Manager Base Fee Percentage by the amount, if any, that Front Yard's Gross Real Estate Assets (as defined below) exceeds the applicable Gross Real Estate Assets Floor (in each case of the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), as set forth in the table below), minus (iii) solely in the case of the fourth quarter of a calendar year, the AFFO Adjustment Amount (if any); provided, that the Base Management Fee for any calendar quarter shall not be less than the Minimum Base Fee.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Real Estate Assets (1)
|
|
Annual Base Fee Floor
|
|
Manager Base Fee Percentage
|
|
Gross Real Estate Assets Floor
|
|
Up to $2,750,000,000
|
|
$21,000,000
|
|
0.325%
|
|
$2,250,000,000
|
|
$2,750,000,000 – $3,250,000,000
|
|
$22,625,000
|
|
0.275%
|
|
$2,750,000,000
|
|
$3,250,000,000 – $4,000,000,000
|
|
$24,000,000
|
|
0.250%
|
|
$3,250,000,000
|
|
$4,000,000,000 – $5,000,000,000
|
|
$25,875,000
|
|
0.175%
|
|
$4,000,000,000
|
|
$5,000,000,000 – $6,000,000,000
|
|
$27,625,000
|
|
0.125%
|
|
$5,000,000,000
|
|
$6,000,000,000 – $7,000,000,000
|
|
$28,875,000
|
|
0.100%
|
|
$6,000,000,000
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
$29,875,000
|
|
0.050%
|
|
$7,000,000,000
|
_______________
(1)Gross Real Estate Assets is generally defined as the aggregate book value of all residential real estate assets owned by Front Yard and its subsidiaries before reserves for depreciation, impairment or other non-cash reserves as computed in accordance with GAAP.
In determining the Base Management Fee, “AFFO” is generally calculated as GAAP net income (or loss) adjusted for (i) gains or losses from debt restructuring and sales of property; (ii) depreciation, amortization and impairment on residential real estate assets; (iii) unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures; (iv) acquisition and related expenses, equity based compensation expenses and other non-recurring or non-cash items; (v) recurring capital expenditures on all real estate assets and (vi) the cost of leasing commissions.
For any partial quarter during the term of the Amended AMA, the Base Management Fee is subject to proration based on the number of calendar days under the Amended AMA in such period.
Incentive Fee. We may earn an annual Incentive Fee to the extent that Front Yard's AFFO exceeds certain performance thresholds. The annual Incentive Fee, if any, shall be an amount equal to 20% of the amount by which Front Yard's AFFO for the calendar year (after the deduction of Base Management Fees but prior to the deduction of Incentive Fees) exceeds 5% of Gross Shareholder Equity (as defined below).
In each calendar year, the Incentive Fee will be limited to the extent that any portion of the Incentive Fee for such calendar year (after taking into account any AFFO Adjustment Amount and the payment of the Incentive Fee) would cause the AFFO per share for such calendar year to be less than $0.60 (the “Incentive Fee Adjustment”). For any partial calendar year under the Amended AMA, the Incentive Fee amount (and Incentive Fee Adjustment, if any) for that partial calendar year is subject to proration based on the number of calendar days of the year that the Amended AMA is in effect.
Gross Shareholder Equity for purposes of the Amended AMA is generally defined as the arithmetic average of all shareholder equity as computed in accordance with GAAP and adding back all accumulated depreciation and changes due to non-cash valuations (including those recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income) and other non-cash adjustments, in each case, as of the first day of such calendar year, the first day of each of the second, third and fourth calendar quarters of such calendar year and the first day of the succeeding calendar year.
Front Yard has the flexibility to pay up to 25% of the annual Incentive Fee to us in shares of its common stock, subject to certain conditions specified in the Amended AMA.
Aggregate Fee Cap
The aggregate amount of the Base Management Fees and Incentive Fees payable to us in any calendar year cannot exceed the “Aggregate Fee Cap,” which is generally defined as follows:
•For any calendar year in which average Gross Real Estate Assets is less than $2,250,000,000, the aggregate fees payable to us shall not exceed $21,000,000; or
•For any calendar years in which average Gross Real Estate Assets exceeds $2,250,000,000, the aggregate fees payable to us shall not exceed the sum of (i) the applicable Aggregate Fee Floor plus (ii) the amount calculated by multiplying the applicable Aggregate Fee Percentage by the amount, if any, by which average Gross Real Estate Assets exceed the applicable Gross Real Estate Assets Floor, in each case as set forth in the table below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Real Estate Assets
|
|
Aggregate Fee Floor
|
|
Aggregate Fee Percentage
|
|
Gross Real Estate Assets Floor
|
|
$2,250,000,000 – $2,750,000,000
|
|
$21,000,000
|
|
0.650%
|
|
$2,250,000,000
|
|
$2,750,000,000 – $3,250,000,000
|
|
$24,250,000
|
|
0.600%
|
|
$2,750,000,000
|
|
$3,250,000,000 – $4,000,000,000
|
|
$27,250,000
|
|
0.500%
|
|
$3,250,000,000
|
|
$4,000,000,000 – $5,000,000,000
|
|
$31,000,000
|
|
0.450%
|
|
$4,000,000,000
|
|
$5,000,000,000 – $6,000,000,000
|
|
$35,500,000
|
|
0.250%
|
|
$5,000,000,000
|
|
$6,000,000,000 – $7,000,000,000
|
|
$38,000,000
|
|
0.125%
|
|
$6,000,000,000
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
$39,250,000
|
|
0.100%
|
|
$7,000,000,000
|
Expenses and Expense Budget
We are responsible for all of our own costs and expenses other than the expenses related to compensation of Front Yard’s dedicated general counsel and, beginning in January 2020, certain specified employees who provide direct property management services to Front Yard. Front Yard and its subsidiaries pay their own costs and expenses, and, to the extent such Front Yard expenses are initially paid by us, Front Yard is required to reimburse us for such reasonable costs and expenses.
Termination Provisions
The Amended AMA may be terminated without cause (i) by Front Yard for any reason, or no reason, or (ii) by Front Yard or us in connection with the expiration of the initial term or any renewal term, in either case with 180 days' prior written notice. If the Amended AMA is terminated by Front Yard without cause or in connection with the expiration of the initial term or any renewal term, Front Yard shall pay a termination fee (the “Termination Fee”) to us in an amount generally equal to three times the arithmetical mean of the aggregate fees actually paid or payable with respect to each of the three immediately preceding completed calendar years (including any such prior years that may have occurred prior to the Effective Date). Upon any such termination by Front Yard, Front Yard shall have the right, at its option, to license certain intellectual property and technology assets from us.
If the Termination Fee becomes payable (except in connection with a termination by us for cause, which would require the payment of the entire Termination Fee in cash), at least 50% of the Termination Fee must be paid in cash on the termination date and the remainder of the Termination Fee may be paid, at Front Yard’s option, either in cash or, subject to certain conditions specified in the Amended AMA, in Front Yard common stock in up to 3 equal quarterly installments (without interest) on each of the six-, nine- and twelve-month anniversaries of the termination date until the Termination Fee has been paid in full.
Front Yard may also terminate the Amended AMA, without the payment of a Termination Fee, upon a change of control of us (as described in the Amended AMA) and “for cause” upon the occurrence of certain events including, without limitation, a final judgment that we or any of our agents, assignees or controlled affiliates has committed a felony or materially violated securities laws; our bankruptcy; the liquidation or dissolution of AAMC; a court determination that we have committed fraud or embezzled funds from Front Yard; a failure of Front Yard to qualify as a REIT as a result of any action or inaction of us; an uncured material breach of a material provision of the Amended AMA; or receipt of certain qualified opinions from our or Front Yard's independent public accounting firm that (i) with respect to such opinions relating to us, are reasonably expected to materially adversely affect either our ability to perform under the Amended AMA or Front Yard, or (ii) with respect to such opinions relating to Front Yard, such opinions are a result of our actions or inaction; in each case, subject to the exceptions and conditions set forth in the Amended AMA. We may terminate the Amended AMA upon an uncured default by Front Yard under the Amended AMA and receive the Termination Fee. A termination “for cause” may be effected by Front Yard with 30 days' written notice or by us with 60 days' written notice. Upon any termination by Front Yard “for cause,” Front Yard shall have the right, at its option, to license certain intellectual property and technology assets from us.
Transition Following Termination
Following any termination of the Amended AMA, we are required to cooperate in executing an orderly transition to a new manager or otherwise in accordance with Front Yard’s direction including by providing transition services as requested by Front Yard for up to one (1) year after termination or such longer period as may be mutually agreed (including by assisting Front Yard with the recruiting, hiring and/or training of new replacement employees) at cost (but not more than the Base Management Fee at the time of termination).
Termination of the Amended AMA
On August 13, 2020, AAMC and Front Yard entered into the Termination Agreement, pursuant to which they have agreed to terminate the Amended AMA, thereby effectively internalizing the asset management function of Front Yard in exchange for payment of a termination fee and other consideration to AAMC. For a description of the Termination Agreement and its key terms, please see Note 10.
Terms of the Former AMA
On March 31, 2015, we entered into the Former AMA with Front Yard. The Former AMA, which became effective on April 1, 2015, provided for the following management fee structure:
•Base Management Fee. We were entitled to a quarterly base management fee equal to 1.5% of the product of (i) Front Yard’s average invested capital (as defined in the Former AMA) for the quarter multiplied by (ii) 0.25, while it had fewer than 2,500 single-family rental properties actually rented (“Rental Properties”). The base management fee percentage increased to 1.75% of average invested capital while Front Yard had between 2,500 and 4,499 Rental Properties and increased to 2.0% of invested capital while Front Yard had 4,500 or more Rental Properties. Because
Front Yard had more than 4,500 Rental Properties, we were entitled to receive a base management fee of 2.0% of Front Yard’s invested capital during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019;
•Incentive Management Fee. We were entitled to a quarterly incentive management fee equal to 20% of the amount by which Front Yard's return on invested capital (based on AFFO, defined as net income attributable to holders of common stock calculated in accordance with GAAP plus real estate depreciation expense minus recurring capital expenditures on all real estate assets owned by Front Yard) exceeded an annual hurdle return rate of between 7.0% and 8.25% (or 1.75% and 2.06% per quarter), depending on the 10-year treasury rate. To the extent Front Yard had an aggregate shortfall in its return rate over the previous seven quarters, that aggregate return rate shortfall was added to the normal quarterly return hurdle for the next quarter before we would be entitled to an incentive management fee. The incentive management fee increased to 22.5% while Front Yard has between 2,500 and 4,499 Rental Properties and increased to 25% while Front Yard has 4,500 or more Rental Properties. No incentive management fee under the Former AMA was earned by us because Front Yard's return on invested capital (as defined in the AMA) was below the cumulative required hurdle rate; and
•Conversion Fee. We were entitled to a quarterly conversion fee equal to 1.5% of assets converted into leased single-family homes by Front Yard for the first time during the applicable quarter.
Under the Former AMA, Front Yard reimbursed us for the compensation and benefits of the General Counsel dedicated to Front Yard and certain other out-of-pocket expenses incurred on Front Yard's behalf.
6. Share-Based Payments
On January 30, 2020, in order to induce our new Co-Chief Executive Officer to join the Company, we granted 60,000 shares of restricted stock and 60,000 stock options to our newly appointed Co-Chief Executive Officer. The restricted stock and stock options had a weighted average grant date fair value of $13.11 and $10.61, respectively. The restricted stock units will vest in four equal annual installments on each of January 30, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024, subject to forfeiture and acceleration. The stock options have an exercise price of $13.11 and consist of two tranches that will vest based on the satisfaction of certain performance criteria and time-based service requirements. The first tranche includes 40,000 stock options and will vest in three allotments beginning on the date the share price equals or exceeds 400% of the exercise price (the “First Performance Goal”). Upon satisfaction of the First Performance Goal, 13,333 options will vest and become exercisable immediately, with the remaining 26,667 options vesting in equal installments on the first and second anniversary of the achievement of the First Performance Goal, subject to forfeiture or expiration. The second tranche of 20,000 stock options will vest in three allotments beginning on the date the share price equals or exceeds 800% of the exercise price of the options (the “Second Performance Goal”). Upon satisfaction of the Second Performance Goal, 6,666 options will vest and become exercisable immediately, with the remaining 13,334 options vesting in equal installments on the first and second anniversary of the Second Performance goal, subject to forfeiture or expiration. All unvested options shall expire on the tenth anniversary of the January 30, 2020 grant date.
On January 23, 2019, we granted 60,329 shares of restricted stock to members of management with a weighted average grant date fair value per share of $26.68. The restricted stock units will vest in three equal annual installments, the first of which occurred on January 23, 2020 with the remaining installments vesting on January 23, 2021 and 2022, subject to forfeiture or acceleration.
Our Directors each receive annual grants of restricted stock equal to $60,000 based on the market value of our common stock at the time of the annual stockholders meeting. These shares of restricted stock vest and are issued after a one-year service period, subject to each Director attending at least 75% of the Board and committee meetings.
We recorded $0.4 million and $0.9 million of compensation expense related to our share-based compensation for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and we recorded $0.6 million and $1.3 million of compensation expense related to our share-based compensation for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had an aggregate $1.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of total unrecognized share-based compensation cost to be recognized over a weighted average remaining estimated term of 2.0 years and 0.8 years, respectively.
7. Income Taxes
We are domiciled in the USVI and are obligated to pay taxes to the USVI on our income. We applied for tax benefits from the USVI Economic Development Commission and received our certificate of benefits (the “Certificate”), effective as of February 1, 2013. Pursuant to the Certificate, as long as we comply with its provisions, we will receive a 90% tax reduction on our USVI-sourced income taxes until 2043.
As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we accrued no interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits, nor did we recognize any interest expense or penalties during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
The following table sets forth the components of our deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
Deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation
|
|
$
|
88
|
|
|
$
|
114
|
|
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
756
|
|
|
669
|
|
|
Net operating losses
|
|
209
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
Lease liabilities
|
|
902
|
|
|
955
|
|
|
Front Yard common stock
|
|
630
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
Other
|
|
69
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
Gross deferred tax assets
|
|
2,654
|
|
|
2,143
|
|
|
Deferred tax liability:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Right-of-use lease assets
|
|
860
|
|
|
922
|
|
|
Front Yard common stock
|
|
—
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
—
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
Gross deferred tax liabilities
|
|
860
|
|
|
968
|
|
|
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance
|
|
1,794
|
|
|
1,175
|
|
|
Valuation allowance
|
|
(946)
|
|
|
(491)
|
|
|
Deferred tax asset, net
|
|
$
|
848
|
|
|
$
|
684
|
|
8. Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the components of diluted loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
Numerator
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
$
|
(7,835)
|
|
|
$
|
3,289
|
|
|
$
|
(11,592)
|
|
|
$
|
2,449
|
|
|
Amortization of preferred stock issuance costs
|
—
|
|
|
(52)
|
|
|
(42)
|
|
|
(103)
|
|
|
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS – net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders
|
(7,835)
|
|
|
3,237
|
|
|
(11,634)
|
|
|
2,346
|
|
|
Add back amortization of preferred stock issuance costs
|
—
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
Numerator for diluted EPS – net (loss) income available to common stockholders after assumed conversions
|
$
|
(7,835)
|
|
|
$
|
3,289
|
|
|
$
|
(11,634)
|
|
|
$
|
2,449
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic
|
1,629,285
|
|
|
1,589,492
|
|
|
1,622,497
|
|
|
1,585,775
|
|
|
Stock options, treasury stock method
|
—
|
|
|
13,554
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13,867
|
|
|
Restricted stock, treasury stock method
|
—
|
|
|
17,198
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
30,621
|
|
|
Preferred stock, if converted method
|
—
|
|
|
200,000
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
200,000
|
|
|
Weighted average common stock outstanding – diluted
|
1,629,285
|
|
|
1,820,244
|
|
|
1,622,497
|
|
|
1,830,263
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) earnings per basic common share
|
$
|
(4.81)
|
|
|
$
|
2.04
|
|
|
$
|
(7.17)
|
|
|
$
|
1.48
|
|
|
(Loss) earnings per diluted common share
|
$
|
(4.81)
|
|
|
$
|
1.81
|
|
|
$
|
(7.17)
|
|
|
$
|
1.34
|
|
We excluded the items presented below from the calculation of diluted earnings per share as they were antidilutive for the periods indicated ($ in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended June 30, 2020
|
|
|
|
Six months ended June 30, 2020
|
|
|
|
Numerator
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reversal of amortization of preferred stock issuance costs
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock options
|
7,988
|
|
|
|
|
9,549
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted stock
|
49,502
|
|
|
|
|
49,768
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, if converted
|
200,000
|
|
|
|
|
200,000
|
|
|
|
9. Segment Information
Our primary business is to provide asset management and certain corporate governance services to institutional investors. Because all of our revenue is derived from the services we provide to Front Yard, we operate as a single segment focused on providing asset management and corporate governance services.
10. Subsequent Events
Management has evaluated the impact of all subsequent events through the issuance of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements and has determined that there were no subsequent events requiring adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements, except as follows:
On August 13, 2020, AAMC and Front Yard entered into Termination and Transition Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) pursuant to which they have agreed to effectively internalize the asset management function of Front Yard. The Termination Agreement provides that the Amended AMA will terminate following a transition period to enable the internalization of Front Yard’s asset management function, allow for the assignment of certain vendor contracts and implement the transfer of certain employees to Front Yard and the training of required replacement employees at each company. The transition period will end at the time that AAMC and Front Yard mutually agree that all required transition activities have been successfully completed (the “Termination Date”), which will occur no later than February 9, 2021. On the Termination Date, the Amended AMA will terminate, and AAMC will no longer provide services to Front Yard under the Amended AMA. Below are the material terms of the Termination Agreement:
•Front Yard will pay AAMC an aggregate termination fee of $46,000,000, consisting of the following payments:
◦$15,000,000 payable in cash within two business days after the execution of the Termination Agreement,
◦$15,000,000 payable in cash on the Termination Date, and
◦$16,000,000 payable in cash or Front Yard common stock, at the option of Front Yard and subject to certain conditions, restrictions, and limitations on the Termination Date.
•Front Yard will acquire certain assets from AAMC (which may include the transfer of certain operating assets and personnel or the exchange of the equity interests in Front Yard's and AAMC’s India subsidiaries and the transfer of AAMC’s Cayman subsidiary) for an aggregate purchase price of $8,200,000, a portion of which may be paid in Front Yard common stock, at Front Yard’s option and subject to certain conditions, restrictions, and limitations.
•Front Yard will continue to pay Base Management Fees to AAMC under the Amended AMA in the amount of $3,584,000 per quarter through the date that Front Yard delivers written notice to AAMC that the transition has been satisfactorily completed, subject to proration for partial quarters.
•AAMC has agreed to vote any shares of Front Yard common stock that it receives in connection with the termination in accordance with recommendations of the Front Yard board of directors for a period of one year following the Termination Date.
•Upon execution of the Termination Agreement, George G. Ellison and Robin N. Lowe were reinstated as the Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively, of AAMC, and Mr. Ellison resigned as Chairman of the Board but will remain a director of AAMC.
•Effective two business days prior to the Termination Date, Mr. Ellison shall resign as a director and as Co-Chief Executive Officer of AAMC.
AAMC expects to file a Current Report on Form 8-K within four business days of the date of the execution of the Termination Agreement providing further details thereof, including the filing of the Termination Agreement as an exhibit thereto.