JRSH Jerash Holdings US Inc

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS (Continued)

Although Jerash Garments does not own the equity interest of Victory Apparel, our president, director and significant shareholder, Mr. Choi, is also a director of Victory Apparel and controls all decision-making for Victory Apparel along with our other significant shareholder, Mr. Lee Kian Tjiauw, who have the ability to control Victory Apparel’s financial affairs. In addition, Victory Apparel's equity at risk is not sufficient to permit it to operate without additional subordinated financial support from Mr. Choi. Based on these facts, we concluded that Jerash Garments has effective control over Victory Apparel due to Mr. Choi’s roles at both organizations and therefore Victory Apparel is considered a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810-10-05-08A. Accordingly, Jerash Garments consolidates Victory Apparel’s operating results, assets and liabilities.

Treasure Success International Limited (“Treasure Success”) was incorporated on July 5, 2016 in Hong Kong, China, whose 100% equity interest is registered under the name of the Chairman of the Board of Jerash Garments, with the primary purpose to employ staff from China to support Jerash Garments' operations. On October 31, 2016, the Chairman of the Board of Jerash Garments transferred his 100% equity interest of Treasure Success to GTI. Treasure Success was inactive until October 2016. Treasure Success was consolidated as a VIE before October 31, 2016. The transfer was accounted for as a transfer between entities under common control.

On May 11, 2017, the shareholders of GTI contributed 100% of their outstanding capital stock in GTI to Jerash Holdings in exchange for an aggregate of 8,787,500 shares of common stock of Jerash Holdings. Immediately prior to this transaction, Jerash Holdings had 712,500 shares of common stock outstanding with a par value of $0.001 per share. Immediately following this transaction, GTI merged with and into Jerash Holdings, with Jerash Holdings being the surviving entity, as a result of which Jerash Holdings became the direct parent of GTI’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Jerash Garments, including its wholly owned subsidiaries, and Treasure Success. The transactions described above are collectively referred to as the “Merger.”

The Merger was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Under reverse capitalization accounting, GTI is recognized as the accounting acquirer, and Jerash Holdings is the legal acquirer or accounting acquiree. As such, following the Merger, the historical financial statements of GTI and its subsidiaries are treated as the historical financial statements of the combined company.

Consequently, the consolidated financial statements of Jerash Holdings reflect the operations of the accounting acquirer and a recapitalization of the equity of the accounting acquirer.

Jerash Holdings, its subsidiaries and VIE (herein collectively referred to as the “Company”) are engaged in manufacturing customized ready-made outerwear from knitted fabric and exporting produced apparel for large brand-name retailers. The Company is diversifying the range of products to include additional pieces such as trousers and urban styling outerwear and different types of natural and synthetic materials and is also expanding its workforce in Jordan with workers from other countries, including Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar and Nepal.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures, which are normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, have been omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present a fair presentation of the Company's financial position as of December 31, 2018, its results of operations and its cash flows for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, as applicable, have been made. The unaudited interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year or any future periods.

Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Jerash Holdings, its subsidiaries and VIE. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

In accordance with accounting standards regarding consolidation of variable interest entities, VIEs are generally entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders lack adequate decision making ability. All VIEs with which the Company is involved must be evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the risks and rewards of the VIEs. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE for financial reporting purposes.

As described in Note 1, management of the Company has concluded that Victory Apparel is a VIE, and that Jerash Garments is considered the primary beneficiary because Mr. Choi, our president, director and significant shareholder absorbs the risks and rewards of Victory Apparel; therefore, we consolidate Victory Apparel for financial reporting purposes. Noncontrolling interests result from the consolidation of Victory Apparel, which is 100% owned by WCL.

* Receivables from Jerash Garments are eliminated upon consolidation.

Victory Apparel did not generate any income but incurred certain expenses for each of three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. The loss was $721 and $26 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The loss was $746 and $2,845 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, in conformity with U.S. GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s most significant estimates include allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventory reserve and useful lives of buildings and other property. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investment instruments with an original maturity of three months or less from the original date of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, the Company had no cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of cash used as security deposits to obtain credit facilities of the Company from a bank and to secure custom clearance under the requirements of local regulations. The Company is required to keep certain amounts on deposit that are subject to withdrawal restrictions. These security deposits at the bank are refundable only when the bank facilities are terminated. The restricted cash is classified as a non-current asset since the Company has no intention to terminate these bank facilities within one year.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recognized and carried at original invoiced amount less an estimated allowance for uncollectible accounts. The Company usually grants credit to customers with good credit standing for a maximum of 90 days and determines the adequacy of reserves for doubtful accounts based on individual account analysis and historical collection trends. The Company establishes a provision for doubtful receivables when there is objective evidence that the Company may not be able to collect amounts due. The allowance is based on management's best estimates of specific losses on individual exposures, as well as a provision on historical trends of collections. The provision is recorded against accounts receivables balances, with a corresponding charge recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. Actual amounts received may differ from management's estimate of credit worthiness and the economic environment. Delinquent account balances are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable. No allowance was considered necessary as of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventories include cost of raw materials, freight, direct labor and related production overhead. The cost of inventories is determined using the First in, First-out (“FIFO”) method. The Company periodically reviews its inventories for excess or slow-moving items and makes provisions as necessary to properly reflect inventory value.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost, reduced by accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense related to property, plant and equipment is computed using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of the assets, or in the case of leasehold improvements, the shorter of the initial lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvements. The useful life and depreciation method are reviewed periodically to ensure that the method and period of depreciation are consistent with the expected pattern of economic benefits from items of property, plant and equipment. The estimated useful lives of depreciation and amortization of the principal classes of assets are as follows:

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments which substantially extend the useful life of assets are capitalized. The cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization of assets retired or sold are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company assesses its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Factors which may indicate potential impairment include a significant underperformance relative to the historical or projected future operating results or a significant negative industry or economic trend. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset. If impairment is indicated, a loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is estimated based on the discounted future cash flows or comparable market values, if available. The Company did not record any impairment loss during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Revenue Recognition

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606 in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity's contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied. 

The Company has assessed the impact of the guidance by reviewing its existing customer contracts and current accounting policies and practices to identify differences that will result from applying the new requirements, including the evaluation of its performance obligations, transaction price, customer payments, transfer of control and principal versus agent considerations. Based on the assessment, the Company concluded that there was no change to the timing and pattern of revenue recognition for its current revenue streams in scope of Topic 606 and therefore there was no material change to the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption of ASC 606. 

The table below presents the impact of applying the new revenue recognition standard to the components of total revenue within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018. The Company evaluated its revenue recognition policy for all revenue streams within the scope of the ASU under previous standards and using the five-step model under the new guidance and concluded that there was no difference in the pattern of revenue recognition: 

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from product sales, which consist of sales of the Company’s customized ready-made outerwear for large brand-name retailers. The Company considers purchase orders to be a contract with a customer. Contracts with customers are considered to be short-term when the time between order confirmation and satisfaction of the performance obligations is equal to or less than one year, and virtually all of the Company’s contracts are short-term. The Company recognizes revenue for the transfer of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods. The Company typically satisfies its performance obligations in contracts with customers upon shipment of the goods. Generally, payment is due from customers within 30 to 60 days of the invoice date, and the contracts do not have significant financing components. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight are not an obligation of the Company.

All of the Company’s contracts have a single performance obligation satisfied at a point in time and the transaction price is stated in the contract, usually as a price per unit. All estimates are based on the Company's historical experience, complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, and the Company's best judgment at the time the estimate is made.

The contract assets are recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as accounts receivable as of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, respectively. For the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, there was no revenue recognized from performance obligations related to prior periods. As of December 31, 2018, there was no revenue expected to be recognized in any future periods related to remaining performance obligations.

The Company has one revenue generating reportable geographic segment under ASC Topic 280 “Segment Reporting” and derives its sales primarily from its sales of customized ready-made outerwear. The Company believes disaggregation of revenue by geographic region best depicts the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows (see Note 12).

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Shipping and Handling

Proceeds collected from customers for shipping and handling costs are included in revenues. Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and are included in operating expenses, as a part of selling, general and administrative expenses. Total shipping and handling expenses were $177,071 and $111,205 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Total shipping and handling expenses were $593,223 and $508,204 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Income Taxes  

The Company is subject to income taxes on an entity basis on income arising in or derived from the tax jurisdiction in which each entity is domiciled. Jerash Holdings was incorporated in the State of Delaware and is subject to Federal income tax in the United States of America. GTI was incorporated in the BVI and is not subject to income taxes under the current laws of BVI. Treasure Success was registered in Hong Kong and has no operating profit for current tax liabilities. Jerash Garments, Jerash Embroidery, Chinese Garments and Victory Apparel are subject to the regulations of Income Tax Department in Jordan. The corporate income tax rate in Jordan is 14% for the industrial sector. In accordance with the Investment Encouragement Law, Jerash Garments' export sales to overseas customers are entitled to a 100% income tax exemption for a period of 10 years commencing at the first day of production. This exemption was extended for 5 years until December 31, 2018. Effective January 1, 2019 Jerash Garments and its subsidiaries will begin paying corporate income tax in Jordan at a rate of 5%.

The estimated tax savings as a result of the tax exemption for Jerash Garments totaled $261,372 and $342,254 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Per share effect of the tax exemption was $0.02 and $0.04 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

The estimated tax savings as a result of the tax exemption for Jerash Garments totaled $1,623,602 and $1,675,086 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Per share effect of the tax exemption was $0.15 and $0.17 for each of the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Local sales of Jerash Garments are subject to income tax at a fixed rate of 14%. No tax provision was provided for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017 since there was no net income generated from local sales. The income tax expense recorded for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 takes into account the 5% tax rate that Jerash Garments will become subject to as of January 1, 2019.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Income Taxes (Continued)

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires the Company to use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Under this accounting standard, the effect on deferred income taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recognized if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all of, a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Deferred income taxes were immaterial, and accordingly, no deferred tax assets or liabilities were recognized as of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018.

ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. This interpretation requires that an entity recognizes in its financial statements the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not of being sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company has elected to classify interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if and when required, as part of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. There were no uncertain tax positions, and tax returns in Jordan prior to 2015 are not subject to examination by any applicable tax authorities.

On December 22, 2017, the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (the “Tax Act”) was enacted. Under the provisions of the Tax Act, the U.S. corporate tax rate decreased from 35% to 21%. As the Company has a March 31 fiscal year-end, the lower corporate income tax rate will be phased in, resulting in a U.S. statutory federal rate of approximately 28% for our fiscal year ending March 31, 2018, and 21% for subsequent fiscal years. Additionally, the Tax Act imposes a one-time transition tax on deemed repatriation of historical earnings of foreign subsidiaries, and future foreign earnings are subject to U.S. taxation under the new Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (GILTI) regime. Please see further discussion regarding the Company’s accounting for the Tax Act in Note 14.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Foreign Currency Translation

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar and the Company uses the Jordanian Dinar (“JOD”) as its functional currency, except Treasure Success, which uses the Hong Kong Dollar (“HKD”) as its functional currency. The assets and liabilities of the Company have been translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, equity accounts have been translated at historical rates, and revenue and expenses have been translated into U.S. dollars using average exchange rates in effect during the reporting period. Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the periods, therefore, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the consolidated balance sheets. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.

The value of JOD against US dollars and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the Jordan’s political and economic conditions. Any significant revaluation of JOD may materially affect the Company’s financial condition in terms of US dollars reporting. The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the consolidated financial statements in this report:

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures compensation expense for stock-based awards to non-employee contractors and directors based upon the awards’ initial grant-date fair value. The estimated grant-date fair value of the award is recognized as expense over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. The fair value of awards to non-employees is then marked-to-market each reporting period until vesting criteria are met.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)

The Company estimates the fair value of stock warrants and stock options using a Black-Scholes model. This model is affected by the Company's stock price on the date of the grant as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include the expected term of the warrant, expected risk-free rates of return, the expected volatility of the Company's common stock, and expected dividend yield, each of which is more fully described below. The assumptions for expected term and expected volatility are the two assumptions that significantly affect the grant date fair value.

Earnings per Share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share” (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS but presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of potential common shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS (See Note 11).

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of two components, net income and other comprehensive income (loss). The foreign currency translation gain or loss resulting from translation of the financial statements expressed in JOD or HKD to U.S. Dollar is reported in other comprehensive income (loss) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

ASC 825-10 requires certain disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

The Company considers the recorded value of its financial assets and liabilities, which consist primarily of cash, including restricted cash, accounts receivable, other receivables, due from related parties, due from shareholders, accounts payable, accrued expenses, other payables and short-term loan to approximate the fair value of the respective assets and liabilities at December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018 based upon the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities.

Concentrations and Credit Risk

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash. As of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, $5,566,358 and $4,793,527 of the Company’s cash was on deposit at financial institutions in Jordan, where there currently is no rule or regulation requiring such financial institutions to maintain insurance to cover bank deposits in the event of bank failure. As of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, $24,732,451 and $7,400,111 of the Company’s cash was on deposit at financial institutions in Hong Kong, which are insured by the Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board subject to certain limitations. While management believes that these financial institutions are of high credit quality, it also continually monitors their credit worthiness. As of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, $92,932 and $2,472 of the Company’s cash was on deposit in the United States and are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Concentrations and Credit Risk (Continued)

Credit risk (Continued)

Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and derived from revenue earned from customers, and therefore are exposed to credit risk. The risk is mitigated by the Company's assessment of its customers' creditworthiness and its ongoing monitoring of outstanding balances.

Customer and vendor concentration risk

Prior to August 2016, substantially all of the Company’s sales were made to end-customers, through its affiliate (see Note 9), that are located primarily in the United States (see Note 12). Thereafter, the Company began selling directly to its customers. The Company’s operating results could be adversely affected by U.S. government policy on exporting business, foreign exchange rate fluctuations, and change of local market conditions. The Company has a concentration of its revenues and purchases with specific customers and suppliers. For the three months ended December 31, 2018, two end-customers accounted for 82% and 12%, respectively of total revenue. For the nine months ended December 31, 2018, two end-customers accounted for 83% and 5%, respectively of total revenue. For the three months ended December 31, 2017, two end-customers accounted for 72% and 12%, respectively of total revenue. For the nine months ended December 31, 2017, two end-customers accounted for 81% and 8%, respectively of total revenue. Including accounts receivable balances through the Company’s affiliates, as of December 31, 2018, two end-customers accounted for 91% and 8% of the total accounts receivable balance, respectively. Including accounts receivable balances through the Company’s affiliates, as of March 31, 2018, two end-customers accounted for 57% and 22% of the total accounts receivable balance, respectively.

For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Company purchased approximately 33% and 28% of its raw materials from two major suppliers. For the nine months ended December 31, 2018, the Company purchased approximately 16% ,14%, 11% and 10% of its raw materials from four major suppliers. For the three months ended December 31, 2017, the Company purchased approximately 62% and 12%, respectively, of its raw materials from two major suppliers. For the nine months ended December 31, 2017, the Company purchased approximately 87% of its raw materials from one major supplier. As of December 31, 2018 accounts payable to the two major suppliers accounted for 60% and 10% of the total accounts payable balance. As of March 31, 2018, there was a net prepaid balance to one major supplier totaling $874,591.

A loss of any of these customers or suppliers could adversely affect the operating results or cash flows of the Company.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Risks and Uncertainties

The principal operations of the Company are located in Jordan. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by political, economic, and legal environments in Jordan, as well as by the general state of the Jordanian economy. The Company’s operations in Jordan are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environment and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political, regulatory and social conditions in Jordan. Although the Company has not experienced losses from these situations and believes that it is in compliance with existing laws and regulations including its organization and structure disclosed in Note 1, this may not be indicative of future results.

NOTE 3 – RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

The Company considers the applicability and impact of all accounting standards updates (“ASUs”). Management periodically reviews new accounting standards that are issued.

New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted

As disclosed in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Revenue Recognition above, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) effective April 1, 2018 using the retrospective transition method. This new accounting standard outlines a single comprehensive model to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. This standard supersedes existing revenue recognition requirements and eliminates most industry-specific guidance from U.S. GAAP. The core principle of the new accounting standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the adoption of this new accounting standard resulted in increased disclosure, including qualitative and quantitative disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Adoption of this standard did not result in significant changes to the Company’s accounting policies, business processes, systems or controls, or have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows or related disclosures. As such, prior period financial statements were not recast.

On April 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2016-18, Restricted Cash – A Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force, (“ASU 2016-18”), which amends ASC 230, Statement of Cash Flows, to clarify guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows using the full retrospective method. Adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. See our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the reconciliation of cash presented in the statements of cash flows to the cash presented on the balance sheet.

NOTE 3 – RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (Continued)

New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted (Continued)

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting ("ASU 2017-09"), which amends the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements such that an entity would not apply modification accounting if the fair value, vesting conditions and classification of the awards are the same immediately before and after the modification. ASU 2017-09 became effective for the Company beginning April 1, 2018 for both interim and annual reporting periods. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payments granted to nonemployees for goods and services. Under this ASU, most of the guidance on such payments to nonemployees would be aligned with the requirements for share-based payments granted to employees. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption of this ASU is permitted. The Company does not expect adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842), to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing leases assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about lease transactions. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption of this ASU is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of the pronouncement on the financial statements.

As of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018 the balance of accounts receivable includes $3 and $470,659, of factored accounts receivable to be received from Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (“HSBC”) under the Factoring Agreement (see Note 10).

An inventory allowance was not considered necessary as of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018.

Depreciation and amortization expense was $306,433 and $310,953 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense was $959,975 and $899,277 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The construction in progress account represents costs incurred for constructing the Company's two new sewing workshops; the first is an approximately 4,800 square foot workshop in the Tafilah Governorate of Jordan, which is expected to be completed by the middle of calendar year 2019. The second one is an approximately 54,000 square foot workshop in Al-Hasa County in the Tafilah Governorate of Jordan, which is expected to be completed by the middle of calendar year 2019.

NOTE 7 – EQUITY

Preferred Stock

The Company has 500,000 authorized shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share, and with none issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018. The preferred stock can be issued by the Board of Directors of Jerash Holdings in one or more classes or one or more series within any class, and such classes or series shall have such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designations, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such rights as the Board of Directors may determine from time to time.

NOTE 7 – EQUITY (Continued)

Common Stock

Prior to September 17, 2018, the Company had 15,000,000 authorized shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. On September 17, 2018, following approval from its stockholders, the Company filed a certificate of amendment to its certificate of incorporation to increase its authorized shares of common stock from 15,000,000 to 30,000,000. The Company had 11,325,000 shares and 9,895,000 shares of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018 respectively.

Statutory Reserve

In accordance with the Corporate Law in Jordan, Jerash Garments, Jerash Embroidery, Chinese Garments and Victory Apparel are required to make appropriations to certain reserve funds, based on net income determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles of Jordan. Appropriations to the statutory reserve are required to be 10% of net income until the reserve is equal to 100% of the entity’s share capital. This reserve is not available for dividend distribution. As of both December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, the consolidated balance of the statutory reserve was $71,699.

Cash Dividend

On November 1, 2018, the Board of Directors of Jerash Holdings declared a cash dividend of $ 0.05 per share of common stock, payable to shareholders of record at the close of business on November 19, 2018. The dividend, equal to $566,250 in the aggregate, was paid on November 27, 2018.

Private placement

On May 15, 2017, the Company closed the initial closing of a private placement for the sale of an aggregate of 540,000 shares of common stock and warrants exercisable for up to 54,000 shares of common stock to ten accredited investors. Fifty percent of the shares (270,000 shares) purchased in the initial closing were sold by one of the Company’s shareholders at $4.99 per share, the remaining fifty percent of the shares (270,000 shares) were issued by Jerash Holdings. Each share was sold together with one warrant, with each such warrant being immediately exercisable for one-tenth of one share of common stock. 540,000 five-year warrants were issued at $0.01 per warrant to purchase up to 54,000 shares of Jerash Holdings’ common stock at an exercise price per full share equal to $6.25. The Company received aggregate gross proceeds of $1,352,700 for the shares and warrants issued and sold in the initial closing of the private placement, and incurred direct expenses related to the offering of $379,828.

NOTE 7 – EQUITY (Continued )

On August 18, 2017, the Company conducted the second closing of a private placement, pursuant to which an aggregate of 200,000 shares of common stock and warrants exercisable for up to 20,000 shares of common stock were sold to one accredited investor. Fifty percent of the shares (100,000 shares) purchased in the closing were sold by one of the Company’s shareholders at $4.99 per share and the remaining fifty percent of the shares (100,000 shares) were issued by Jerash Holdings. Each share was sold together with one warrant, with each such warrant being immediately exercisable for one-tenth of one share of common stock. 200,000 five-year warrants were issued at $0.01 per warrant to purchase up to 20,000 shares of Jerash Holdings’ common stock at an exercise price per full share equal to $6.25. The Company received net proceeds of $450,910 for the shares and warrants issued and sold in the closing of this private placement.

On September 27, 2017, the Company conducted the third and final closing of a private placement, pursuant to which an aggregate of 50,000 shares of common stock and warrants exercisable for up to 5,000 shares of common stock were sold to two accredited investors. Fifty percent of the shares (25,000 shares) purchased in the closing were sold by one of the Company’s shareholders at $4.99 per share and the remaining fifty percent of the shares (25,000 shares) were issued by Jerash Holdings. Each share was sold together with one warrant, with each such warrant being immediately exercisable for one-tenth of one share of common stock. 50,000 five-year warrants were issued at $0.01 per warrant to purchase up to 5,000 shares of Jerash Holdings’ common stock at an exercise price per full share equal to $6.25. The Company received net proceeds of $110,179 for the shares and warrants issued and sold in the closing of this private placement.

Initial Public Offering

The registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-222596) for the Company’s initial public offering (the “IPO”) was declared effective on March 14, 2018. On May 2, 2018 the Company issued 1,430,000 shares of common stock at $7.00 per share and received gross proceeds of $10,010,000. The Company incurred underwriting commissions of $477,341, underwriter offering expenses of $250,200 and additional underwriting expenses of $352,159, yielding net proceeds from the IPO of $8,930,300.

Independent Board of Directors

Simultaneous with the closing of the IPO, the Company increased the size of the Board of Directors from two to five members and elected three new independent directors who were all reelected to the Board of Directors at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders and will hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders. The Company approved an audit committee charter and formed an audit committee of the Board of Directors, whose chair is an “audit committee financial expert.” The Company also approved a compensation committee charter and a nominating and corporate governance committee charter and formed a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee.

NOTE 8 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

Warrants issued for services

From time to time, the Company issues warrants to purchase its common stock. These warrants are valued using a Black-Scholes model and using the volatility, market price, exercise price, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield appropriate at the date the warrants were issued.

On May 15, 2017, Jerash Holdings issued warrants to the designees of the placement agent in the above private placement to purchase 48,600 units, with each unit consisting of one share of Jerash Holdings common stock and one warrant (with each such warrant being immediately exercisable for one-tenth of one share of its common stock at an exercise price of $6.25 per share for a period of five years from the issuance date), at an exercise price of $5.50 per unit. The fair value of these units was $107,990 and was included in offering costs of the private placement in May 2017.

On May 15, 2017, Jerash Holdings also issued a five-year warrant to purchase up to 50,000 shares of its common stock pursuant to a letter agreement with one of its board advisors. The warrant has an exercise price of $5.00 per share and may be converted by means of “cashless” exercise during the term of the warrant. This warrant may be exercised any time after issuance through and including the five-year anniversary of the issuance date. Stock-based compensation expense was recognized during the quarter ended June 30, 2017 was $116,578 for this warrant. No compensation expense was recognized in connection with this warrant during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018.

On August 1, 2017, warrants to purchase 18,000 units became issuable by Jerash Holdings to the designees of the placement agent in the above private placement, with each unit consisting of one share of Jerash Holdings common stock and one warrant (with each such warrant being immediately exercisable for one-tenth of one share of its common stock at an exercise price of $6.25 per share for a period of five years from the issuance date), at an exercise price of $5.50 per unit. The fair value of these units was $43,122 and was included in offering costs of the private placement in August 2017.

On September 27, 2017, warrants to purchase 4,500 units became issuable by Jerash Holdings to the designees of the placement agent in the above private placement, with each unit consisting of one share of Jerash Holdings common stock and one warrant (with each such warrant being immediately exercisable for one-tenth of one share of its common stock at an exercise price of $6.25 per share for a period of five years from the issuance date), at an exercise price of $5.50 per unit. The fair value of these units was $10,814 and was included in offering costs of the private placement in September 2017.

Simultaneous with the closing of the IPO, the Company issued to the underwriter and its affiliates warrants to purchase 57,200 shares of common stock (“IPO Underwriter Warrants”) at an exercise price of $8.75 per share with an expiration date of May 2, 2023. The shares underlying the IPO Underwriter Warrants were subject to a 180-day lock-up that expired on October 29, 2018.

NOTE 8 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION (Continued)

Warrants issued for services (Continued)

During the period ended December 31, 2018, all of the outstanding warrants were fully vested and exercisable, which became exercisable during the period.

The fair value of these warrants granted was estimated as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions:

Warrant activity is summarized as follows:

Stock Options

On March 21, 2018 the Board of Directors adopted the Jerash Holdings (US), Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), pursuant to which the Company may grant various types of equity awards. 1,484,250 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the Plan. On April 9, 2018, the Board of Directors approved the issuance of 989,500 nonqualified stock options under the Plan in accordance with the Plan at an exercise price of $7.00 per share, and a term of five years. As of December 31, 2018, all of these outstanding stock options were fully vested and exercisable.

On August 3, 2018, the Board of Directors granted the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Head of U.S. Operations a total of 150,000 nonqualified stock options under the Plan in accordance with the Plan at an exercise price of $6.12 per share and a term of ten years. The options vest in three equal six-month installments, with the first one-third having vested on August 3, 2018 and the remaining amounts vesting on February 3 and August 3, 2019.

The fair value of the options granted  on August 3, 2018 was estimated as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions;

The fair value of all of outstanding stock options is $3.21 . Stock option activity is summarized as follows:

Total expense related to the stock options issued was $0 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and $3,399,934 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. There were $387,909 of unrecognized compensation costs at December 31, 2018 relating to unvested awards. 

Pursuant to the terms of a sale and purchase agreement between one of the Company’s current individual shareholders and Victory City Investments Limited, the ultimate 51% shareholder of FGIL, dated July 13, 2016 (the “Sale and Purchase Agreement”), and effective since August 1, 2016, all rights, interests and benefits of any contracts that FGIL had at that time with any of the Company’s customers for products manufactured or to be manufactured by the Company, together with the costs and obligations relating to those contracts were transferred to the Company. Thereafter, the Company has been selling directly to the end-customers and no longer through its affiliate, FGIL.

Related party balances:

Accounts receivable from related party in connection with the collection of accounts receivable from end-customers on behalf of the Company due to the support arrangement during the transition period as described below (see a. Sales to related party) consisted of the following:

NOTE 9 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Continued)

Related party transactions:

Pursuant to the Sale and Purchase Agreement, the Company has all rights, interests and benefits of the sales agreements signed with end-customers since August 2016, together with the costs and obligations of those agreements. During the transition period, the Company’s affiliate supported the Company to complete the transition with no additional fees charged. For the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, $0 and $1,809,475, respectively, of sales were made with the support from FGIL. For the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, $0 and $43,994,497 of sales were made with the support from FGIL.

On January 16, 2018, Treasure Success and Multi-Glory entered into a consulting agreement, pursuant to which Multi-Glory will provide high-level advisory, marketing and sales services to the Company for $300,000 per annum. The agreement renews automatically for one-month terms. The agreement became effective as of January 1, 2018. Total consulting fees under this agreement were $75,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and $225,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018.

On January 12, 2018, Treasure Success and Yukwise entered into a consulting agreement, pursuant to which Mr. Choi will serve as Chief Executive Officer and provide a high level of advisory and general management services for $300,000 per annum, with automatic renewal for one-month terms. This agreement became effective as of January 1, 2018. Total advisory and management expenses under this agreement were $75,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and $225,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018.

Borrowings under the Credit Facility, as defined below, with HSBC are collateralized by the personal guarantees by Mr. Choi and Mr. Ng Tsze Lun.

NOTE 10 – CREDIT FACILITIES   

Pursuant to a letter agreement dated May 29, 2017, Treasure Success entered into an $8,000,000 import credit facility with HSBC (the “Facility Letter”). In addition, pursuant to an offer letter dated June 5, 2017, HSBC offered to provide Treasure Success with a $12,000,000 factoring facility for certain debt purchase services related to our accounts receivables (the “Factoring Agreement” and together with the Facility Letter, the “Credit Facilities”). The Credit Facilities are guaranteed by Jerash Holdings, Jerash Garments, as well as the Company’s two individual shareholders. In addition, the Credit Facilities require cash and other investment security collateral of $3,000,000. The Credit Facilities provide that drawings under the Credit Facilities are charged interest at the Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate (“HIBOR”) plus 1.5% for drawings in Hong Kong dollars, and the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 1.5% for drawings in other currencies. In addition, the Credit Facilities also contain certain service charges and other commissions and fees.

Under the Factoring Agreement, HSBC also provides credit protection and debt services related to each of our preapproved customers. For any approved debts or collections assigned to HSBC, HSBC charges a flat fee of 0.35% on the face value of the invoice for such debt or collection. We may assign debtor payments that are to be paid to HSBC within 90 days, defined as the maximum terms of payment. We may receive advances on invoices that are due within 30 days of the delivery of our goods, defined as the maximum invoicing period.

The Credit Facilities are subject to review at any time, and HSBC has discretion on whether to renew the Facility Letter. Either party may terminate the Factoring Agreement subject to a 30-day notice period.

As of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018, the Company had made $20,915 and $980,195 in withdrawals, respectively, under the Credit Facilities, which are due within 120 days of each borrowing date or upon demand by HSBC. As of December 31, 2018, $20,915 was outstanding under the Factoring Agreement and no amounts outstanding under the Facility Letter.

On January 31, 2019, Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Limited (“SCBHK”) offered to provide an import facility of up to $3.0 million to Treasure Success pursuant to a facility letter, dated June 15, 2018. Pursuant to the agreement, SCBHK agreed to finance import invoice financing and pre-shipment financing of export orders up to an aggregate of $3.0 million. The SCBHK facility bears interest at 1.3% per annum over SCBHK’s cost of funds.

NOTE 11 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. 57,200 IPO Underwriter Warrants, 50,000 stock options to the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and 100,000 stock options to the Company’s Head of U.S. Operations were anti-dilutive for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018 and excluded from the EPS calculation.

NOTE 12 – SEGMENT REPORTING

ASC 280, “Segment Reporting”, establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company's internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in financial statements for details on the Company's business segments. The Company uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. Management, including the chief operating decision maker, reviews operating results by the revenue of the Company’s products. The Company’s major product is outerwear. For the three month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, outerwear accounted for approximately 81.6% and 78.2% of total revenue. For the nine month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, outerwear accounted for approximately 93.2% and 92% of total revenue, respectively. Based on management's assessment, the Company has determined that it has only one operating segment as defined by ASC 280.

The following table summarizes sales by geographic areas for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following table summarizes sales by geographic areas for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

All long-lived assets were located in Jordan as of December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2018.

NOTE 13 – COMMITMENTS     AND CONTINGENCIES

Rent Commitment

The Company leases two manufacturing facilities under operating leases. Operating lease expense amounted to $380,705 and $319,156 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and amounted to $1,070,334 and $949,120 for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

The Company has twenty six operating leases for its facilities that require monthly payments ranging between $247 and $15,301, and are renewable on an annual basis.

In addition, in connection with the Paramount acquisition, the Company entered into a lease for the primary factory facility and housing accommodations utilized by Paramount and expects to lease the satellite facility space.

Acquisition Payment Commitment

On December 11, 2018, Jerash Garments entered into an agreement to purchase all of the outstanding stock of a garment manufacturing business based in Jordan. Pursuant to this agreement, and provided that the transaction closes, Jerash Garments will pay an aggregate purchase price of $980,000. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had paid $380,000 as an acquisition deposit for this acquisition. The acquisition is expected to be completed within one year, and the remaining $600,000 of the aggregate purchase price will be paid at or prior to the closing of the acquisition. (see Note 15 – Subsequent Events).

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues costs associated with these matters when they become probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. The Company’s management does not expect any liability from the disposition of such claims and litigation individually or in the aggregate would not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

NOTE 14 – INCOME TAX

The Tax Act imposes a one-time transition tax on deemed repatriation of historical earnings of foreign subsidiaries, and future foreign earnings are subject to U.S. taxation. The change has caused the Company to record a one-time income tax payable to be paid over 8 years. The one-time transition tax was calculated using the Company’s total post-1986 overseas earnings and profits based on a rate of 15.5% for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and a rate of 8% for its other assets. The Company previously booked a provisional charge of $1,400,000 in fiscal 2018 related to the transition tax for all of its foreign subsidiaries, resulting in an increase in income tax expense of approximately $1,400,000 for the year ended March 31, 2018. The income tax payable attributable to the transition tax is due over an 8-year period beginning in 2018. The Company revised its estimate of the impact of the transition tax which resulted in $1,892,000 of transition tax due. Accordingly, the Company booked a current charge to income tax expense of $492,000 at June 30, 2018. During the third quarter, the Company finalized its transition tax calculation with the filing of the fiscal 2018 income tax returns and has completed its accounting for the transition tax liability. The calculated transition tax liability is $1,687,000.  At December 31, 2018, $885,000 of current income tax is reflected as income tax payable in current liabilities while a noncurrent income tax payable of approximately $1.6 million attributable to the transition tax is reflected in "other liabilities" of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Tax Act also imposed a global intangible low-taxed income tax (“GILTI”), which is a new tax on certain off-shore earnings.  The Company has evaluated the impacts of the GILTI provisions of the Tax Act and the application of ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under U.S. GAAP, the Company is allowed to make an accounting policy choice of either (1) treating taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred (the “period cost method”) or (2) factoring such amounts into the Company’s measurement of its deferred taxes (the “deferred method”). The Company has selected the period cost method as its accounting policy with respect to the new GILTI tax rules, and therefore considered the taxes resulting from GILTI as a current-period expense for the nine-month period ended December 31, 2018.

Income tax expense for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 was $1,251,000 compared to $0 in the nine months ended December 31, 2017. The effective tax rate of 19% for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% as a result of non-US income subject to tax at rates lower than the U.S. rate, the impact of GILTI, and as a result of the Company’s completion of its accounting for the transition tax liability.

The Company booked a $578,000 income tax benefit and $0 in income tax expense for the quarters ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1,251,000 and $0 in income tax expense for the nine months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The $578,000 income tax benefit booked in the quarter ended December 31, 2018 arises from the Company’s completion of its accounting for the transition tax liability, and the cumulative effect of the revision to the estimated effective annual tax rate as a result of clarification surrounding state and local income tax treatment of GILTI.

NOTE 15 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On December 11, 2018, Jerash Garments entered into an agreement with an individual to purchase all of the outstanding stock of a garment manufacturing business based in Jordan. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company will pay an aggregate purchase price of $980,000 for the garment manufacturing business, including the right to lease an approximately 100,900 square foot primary garment manufacturing factory, an approximately 10,800 square foot satellite factory facility and housing accommodations for up to 500 workers located in located in Al Tajamouat Industrial City. This transaction will occur in installments. First, Jerash Garments will pay $380,000 for all of the stock of Paramount and receive possession of the primary factory facility. Then, after the shares of Paramount have been transferred to Jerash Garments, Jerash Garments will pay $300,000 upon operating the satellite factory facility and $300,000 for receiving possession of the housing accommodations, for an aggregate purchase price of $980,000. As of December 31, 2018, $380,000 has been paid as a prepaid deposit for this acquisition. The Company expects this transaction to close within a year.

On January 31, 2019, SCBHK offered to provide an import facility of up to $3.0 million to Treasure Success pursuant to the SCBHK facility letter, dated June 15, 2018. Pursuant to the agreement, SCBHK agreed to finance import invoice financing and pre-shipment financing of export orders up to an aggregate $3.0 million. The SCBHK facility bears interest at 1.3% per annum over SCBHK’s cost of funds.

On February 7, 2019, our Board of Directors approved the payment of a dividend of $0.05 per share payable on February 27, 2019 to shareholders of record on February 19, 2019.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “PSLRA”). All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including, but not limited to: any projections of earnings, revenues or other financial items; any statements regarding the adequacy, availability and sources of capital, any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new products, services or developments; any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements may include the words “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “intend,” “continue,” “believe,” “expect,” “plan” “project” or “anticipate” and other similar words. In addition to any assumptions and other factors and matters referred to specifically in connection with such forward-looking statements, factors that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements include those factors set forth in this Quarterly Report, particularly under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and subsequent reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and to inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed in this Quarterly Report. We do not intend, and undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by law.

Notwithstanding the above, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), expressly states that the safe harbor for forward looking statements does not apply to companies that issue penny stocks. Accordingly, the safe harbor for forward looking statements under the PSLRA is not currently available to the Company because we may be considered to be an issuer of penny stock.

The information included in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes included in this Quarterly Report, and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on June 28, 2018. References to fiscal 2019, fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017 in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations refer to our fiscal years ending March 31, 2019, March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, respectively.

Results of Operations

Three months ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017

The following table summarizes the results of our operations during the three-month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 and provides information regarding the dollar and percentage increase or (decrease) during such periods.

(All amounts, other than percentages, in thousands of U.S. dollars)

Revenue. Revenue increased by approximately $7.1 million or 62%, to $18.7 million, for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from approximately $11.5 million for the same period in fiscal 2018. The increase was mainly the result of the increase in sales to one of our major customers in the United States, our major export destination, and also our execution of local orders in Jordan.

The following table outlines the dollar amount and percentage of total sales to our customers for the three months ended December 31, 2018.

(All amounts, other than percentages, in thousands of U.S. dollars)

According to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Jordan Free Trade Treaty, which became effective December 2001, all apparel manufactured in Jordan can be exported to the U.S. with free duty. This treaty provides substantial benefits to us by allowing us to compete and to expand our garment export business in the U.S.

The increase in sales to the U.S. of approximately 79% in the three months ended December 31, 2018, was mainly attributable to the reason mentioned above regarding the increase in shipments to one of our major customers in the U.S. Revenue from Jordan also increased significantly due to stronger demand of apparel products manufactured in Jordan per the Major Shipper Report issued by the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Cost of goods sold. Following the increase in sales revenue, our cost of goods sold increased by approximately $7.7 million or 99%, to approximately $15.5 million, for the three months ended December 31, 2018 compared to approximately $7.8 million for the same period in fiscal 2018. As a percentage of revenues, the cost of goods sold increased by approximately 16% to 83% for the three months ended December 31, 2018 compared to 67% for the same period in fiscal 2018. The increase in cost of goods sold as a percentage of revenues was primarily attributable to the higher average costs associated with the shipments to one of our major customers and the lower proportion of export orders that typically provide higher profit margin. For the three months ended December 31, 2018, we purchased approximately 33% and 28% of our raw materials from two major suppliers, Dynamic Resources Ent. Ltd (“Dynamic”) and Paramount Garment Ltd (“Paramount”). For the three months ended December 31, 2017, the Company purchased approximately 62% and 12% of its raw materials from two major suppliers, Onset Time Limited (“ONSET”) and Duck San Enterprise Co., Ltd.

Gross profit margin . Gross profit margin was approximately 17% for the three months ended December 31, 2018, which was lower by 16% from 33% for the same period in fiscal 2018. T he lower gross profit margin was attributable to higher average costs associated with the shipments to one of our major customers due to some lower profit margin seasonal programs shipped in the period, and the lower proportion of export orders that typically provide higher profit margin.

Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately 40% from approximately $1.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017 to approximately $2.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to a provision of approximately $180,000 for a newly approved employee incentive plan that became effective in fiscal 2019, increases in expenses to expand marketing and support functions in the Hong Kong office, expenses related to banking and finance functions, and legal and professional fees and compliance costs after we became a public company listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) in May 2018, and the one-time expenses of approximately $170,000 related to the bell ringing ceremony in the Nasdaq in December 2018.

Other income, net . Other income, net was approximately $20,900 for the three months ended December 31, 2018, as compared to other income, net of approximately $12,200 for the same period in fiscal 2018. This increase was primarily due to the foreign currency exchange gain from converting Jordanian Dinars to U.S. Dollars for financial reporting.

Net income before taxation. Net income before taxation for the three months ended December 31, 2018 was approximately $1.1 million compared to net income before taxation of approximately $2.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017. The decrease was mainly attributable to the lower average gross margin and increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $616,000 for reasons mentioned above.

Taxation. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) imposes a one-time transition tax on deemed repatriation of historical earnings of foreign subsidiaries, and future foreign earnings are subject to U.S. taxation. The change has caused the Company to record a one-time income tax payable to be paid over 8 years. The one-time transition tax was calculated using the Company’s total post-1986 overseas earnings and profits based on a rate of 15.5% for the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and a rate of 8% for its other assets. The Company previously booked a provisional charge of $1,400,000 in fiscal 2018 related to the transition tax for all of its foreign subsidiaries, resulting in an increase in income tax expense of approximately $1,400,000 for the year ended March 31, 2018. The income tax payable attributable to the transition tax is due over an 8-year period beginning in 2018. The Company revised its estimate of the impact of the transition tax, which resulted in $1,892,000 of transition tax due. Accordingly, the Company booked a current charge to income tax expense of $492,000 at June 30, 2018. During the third quarter, the Company finalized its transition tax calculation with the filing of the fiscal 2018 income tax returns and has completed its accounting for the transition tax liability.  The calculated transition tax liability is $1,687,000.  At December 31, 2018, $885,000 of current income tax is reflected as Income tax payable in current liabilities while a noncurrent income tax payable of approximately $1.6 million attributable to the transition tax is reflected in "other liabilities" of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Tax Act also imposed a global intangible low-taxed income tax (“GILTI”), which is a new tax on certain off-shore earnings.  The Company has evaluated the impacts of the GILTI provisions of the Tax Act and the application of ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under U.S. GAAP, the Company is allowed to make an accounting policy choice of either (1) treating taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred (the “period cost method”) or (2) factoring such amounts into the Company’s measurement of its deferred taxes (the “deferred method”). The Company has selected the period cost method as its accounting policy with respect to the new GILTI tax rules, and therefore considered the taxes resulting from GILTI as a current-period expense for the three-month period ended December 31, 2018.

Income tax benefit for the three months ended December 31, 2018 was $578,000 compared to $0 in the three months ended December, 2017. The effective tax rate of (55.2%) for the three months ended December 31, 2018 differs from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% as a result of the Company’s completion of its accounting for the transition tax liability, and the cumulative effect of the revision to the estimated effective annual tax rate as a result of clarification surrounding state and local income tax treatment of GILTI.

Net income. Net income for the three months ended December 31, 2018 was $1.6 million compared to a net income of $2.2 million for the same period in fiscal 2018. The decrease was mainly attributable to the lower gross margin and increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $616,000 for reasons mentioned above.

Nine months ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017

The following table summarizes the results of our operations during the nine-month periods ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 and provides information regarding the dollar and percentage increase or (decrease) during such periods.

(All amounts, other than percentages, in thousands of U.S. dollars)