Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)

Registration No. 333-225377

 

PROSPECTUS

 

$30,000,000

 

SIGMA LABS, INC.

 

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

Units

 

 

 

We, directly or through underwriters, dealers or agents designated by us from time to time, may offer, issue and sell, together or separately, up to $30,000,000 in the aggregate of:

 

  shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share;
     
  shares of our preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share;
     
  debt securities;
     
  warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, shares of our preferred stock or our debt securities; and
     
  units consisting of two or more of the securities described above.

 

The common stock, the preferred stock, the debt securities, the warrants and the units collectively are referred to in this prospectus as the “ securities .”

 

We will provide the specific terms of each offering of securities, including the price and the type and amount of securities to be offered and sold, in a supplement to this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the prospectus supplement carefully before you invest.

 

We may offer and sell these securities directly to purchasers or to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, and on a continuous or delayed basis. If we sell securities to or through underwriters, dealers or agents, we will include their names and the fees, commissions and discounts that they will receive, as well as the net proceeds to us, in the prospectus supplement. This prospectus may not be used to sell our securities unless it is accompanied by the prospectus supplement. The delivery of this prospectus together with a prospectus supplement relating to the offered securities shall not constitute an offer of any other securities covered by this prospectus.

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” on page 3 of this prospectus and in the applicable prospectus supplement for a discussion of risks that you should consider before you invest in our securities.

 

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SGLB.” On May 30, 2018, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market was $1.955 per share. The aggregate market value of our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates as of the date of this prospectus is approximately $10,393,689 million, calculated based upon 5,316,465 shares of outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates and a per share price of $1.955, the closing sale price of our common stock as reported on The NASDAQ Capital Market on May 30, 2018 (a date within 60 days of the date hereof). Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, in no event will we sell securities registered on the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part in a public primary offering with a value exceeding more than one-third of our public float in any 12-month period if our public float, measured in accordance with such instruction, remains below $75 million. As of the date hereof, we have not offered any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 during the 12-month period prior to and including the date of this prospectus.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

The date of this prospectus is June 14, 2018.

 

 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS 1
SIGMA LABS 2
RISK FACTORS 3
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 3
USE OF PROCEEDS 4
FINANCIAL RATIOS 4
THE SECURITIES THAT WE MAY OFFER 4
DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK 5
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK 6
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES 8
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS 17
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS 18
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION 19
LEGAL MATTERS 21
EXPERTS 21
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION 21
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE 21

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

 

This prospectus is a part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”) utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more transactions up to a total dollar amount of $30,000,000.

 

The rules and regulations of the SEC allow us to omit from this prospectus certain information that is included in the registration statement. For further information about us and our securities, you should review the registration statement and the exhibits filed with the registration statement. In addition, the SEC allows us to incorporate by reference into this prospectus information in the reports and other documents that we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those reports and other documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we later file with the SEC will automatically update and, where applicable, modify or supersede that information. You may read the registration statement (including its exhibits) and the reports and other documents that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s website, www.sec. g ov , or at the SEC’s Public Reference Room described below under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer securities under this shelf registration, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with the additional information described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.” To the extent that any information in the prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the information in this prospectus, the information in the prospectus supplement will modify or supersede this prospectus.

 

This prospectus and the related prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus and the related prospectus supplement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction.

 

You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus and the related prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct as of any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus and any related prospectus supplement is delivered or securities are sold on a later date. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, in the related prospectus supplement and in any documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We have not authorized any salesperson, dealer or other person to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus, in the related prospectus supplement or in any documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you are not entitled to rely upon any such different information.

 

References in this prospectus to “Sigma,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Sigma Labs, Inc.

 

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SIGMA LABS

 

Sigma is a software company that has developed In-Process-Quality-Assurance (“IPQA”) software known as PrintRite3D®. This technology is also sometimes referred to as Real-Time-Computer-Aided Inspection (“CAI”). Sigma believes that its PrintRite3D® solves the major quality assurance problem that has prevented large-scale metal part production using 3D printers for high yield and cost efficient production runs.

 

Sigma’s business is currently focused on the continued development and commercialization of Sigma’s PrintRite3D® suite of software applications. We are specifically focusing on the 3D printing (“3DP”) and additive manufacturing (“AM”) industries and further developing our contract additive manufacturing business for metal 3DP to be a customer prototype center available for cutting edge 3D challenges and a concurrent means of demonstrating and proving the merit of PrintRite3D® for customers’ parts or application. Our strategy is to continue to leverage our advanced manufacturing knowledge, experience and capabilities through the following means:

 

  Identify, develop and commercialize our quality assurance software applications for advanced manufacturing technologies. The applications are designed to assure part quality in real time, and improve process control practices for a variety of industries;
     
  Provide materials and process engineering consulting services with our PrintRite3D® CAI quality assurance software applications for advanced manufacturing to customers that need:

 

  to learn and characterize the individual performance parameters of each machine intended to produce 3D metal parts;
     
  to determine and characterize the traits, signatures, and in-process behaviors of the materials designated for a given part’s production;
     
  to improve manufacturing quality yields by utilizing IPQA;
     
  to improve, perhaps for the first time, documentable third party part-by-part quality certification.

 

  Build and run a prototype and small lot contract manufacturing and demonstration division for metal 3DP beginning with our EOSM290 state-of-the-art metal printer.

 

We are presently engaged with and focused primarily on the following industry sectors:

 

  Aerospace and defense manufacturing;
     
  Energy and power generation;
     
  Bio-medical manufacturing.

 

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We generate revenues through PrintRite3D® hardware and CAI software licensing of our PrintRite3D® technology to customers that seek to improve their manufacturing production processes, and through ongoing annual software upgrades and maintenance fees. Additionally, we generate revenues from our contract manufacturing activities in metal AM. By running a small-scale contract AM services operation, we are able to understand the current needs of our customers and where they are going with their next-generation product development efforts. Contract AM further allows us a means for material on-going partial self-funding of our IPQA®-enabled R&D and product development activities for CAI software. We provide our AM contract manufacturing services to customers in the form of Quality as a Service. Starting with our PrintRite3D® cloud-based SaaS model, customers will contract with us for CAE, CAM and CAI services to generate and establish a Digital Quality Record (DQR) for AM built parts. Each DQR is cloud-based and allows for archiving and storage of quality data, access to our big data ANALYTICS™ software App for continuous quality monitoring and improvement, and automatic industry benchmarking while maintaining firewalls between company-specific data.

 

We possess the resident expertise to provide manufacturing materials and process engineering services and support to companies using our PrintRite3D® software Apps for metal AM. Accordingly, in addition to our primary business focus, we intend to generate revenues by providing such engineering services and support to businesses that license our PrintRite3D® software Apps. Our President and Chief Technology Officer has worked at or with the Edison Welding Institute and United States Department of Energy (“DOE”) national laboratories (including the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory, Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratory) over the past 34 years. Due to his work with the DOE, our President and Chief Technology Officer has developed extensive relationships with the DOE and its network of national laboratories. Accordingly, we expect to leverage these relationships in connection with licensing and developing technologies created at such national laboratories for commercialization in the private sector.

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 3900 Paseo del Sol, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87507, and our telephone number is (505) 438-2576. Our website address is www.sigmalabsinc.com, although the information on our website is not deemed to be part of this prospectus.

 

RISK FACTORS

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before you decide whether to purchase any of our securities, in addition to the other information in this prospectus and the related prospectus supplement, you should carefully consider the risks described under the heading “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as the same may be updated from time to time by our future filings with the SEC. You should also carefully consider any additional risks that are described in the prospectus supplement related to the offering of our securities. If one or more of these risks materializes, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected. In that event, the value of our securities could decline.

 

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements, and we anticipate that the related prospectus supplement will contain forward-looking statements. These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “may,” “could,” “anticipate,” “predict,” or “expect” and similar expressions. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements since they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are, in many cases, beyond our control. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. Actual events or results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. Except as required by applicable law, we do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

 

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We will discuss certain of these risks and uncertainties in greater detail in any prospectus supplement under the heading “Risk Factors.” Additional cautionary statements or discussions of risks and uncertainties that could affect our results or the achievement of the expectations described in forward-looking statements may also be contained in the documents we incorporate by reference into this prospectus, including our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed subsequently with the SEC.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities described in this prospectus for general corporate purposes which may include, among other things, acquiring other businesses (although we currently have no agreement to acquire any business), reducing indebtedness, repurchasing our common stock and making capital expenditures, as well as for working capital. Until we use the net proceeds for these purposes, we intend to invest the net proceeds in investment-grade, interest-bearing securities. We have not determined the amounts we plan to spend on any of these areas or the timing of these expenditures. As a result, our management will have broad discretion regarding the application of the net proceeds from the sale of securities described in this prospectus.

 

FINANCIAL RATIOS

 

If required in connection with any offer of our debt securities or shares of our preferred stock, we will provide a ratio of earnings to fixed charges or of combined fixed charges and preference dividends to earnings in the related prospectus supplement.

 

THE SECURITIES THAT WE MAY OFFER

 

We, directly or through underwriters, dealers or agents designated by us from time to time, may offer, issue and sell, together or separately, up to $30,000,000 in the aggregate of:

 

  ●  shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share;
     
  shares of our preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share;
     
  debt securities;
     
  warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, shares of our preferred stock or our debt securities; and
     
    units consisting of two or more of the securities described above.

 

The common stock, the preferred stock, the debt securities, the warrants and the units collectively are referred to in this prospectus as the “ securities .”

 

We have summarized below the material terms of the various types of securities that we may offer. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the detailed terms of the securities offered by that supplement. If indicated in the prospectus supplement, the terms of the offered securities may differ from the terms summarized below.

 

This prospectus may not be used to sell our securities unless it is accompanied by the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK

 

We are presently authorized to issue 15,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock. As of May 30, 2018, 5,703,929 shares of our common stock were outstanding and there were outstanding warrants to purchase 2,535,500 shares of our common stock. The following summary of our common stock is qualified by reference to the provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to the Form S-3 registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

We have one class of common stock. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by stockholders and do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Holders of shares of common stock are entitled to receive on a pro rata basis such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors in its discretion from funds legally available for that use, subject to any preferential dividend rights of outstanding preferred stock. They are also entitled to share on a pro rata basis in any distribution to our common stockholders upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, subject to the prior rights of any outstanding preferred stock. Common stockholders do not have preemptive rights to subscribe to any additional stock issuances by us, and they do not have the right to require the redemption of their shares or the conversion of their shares into any other class of our stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of outstanding preferred stock and any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.

 

The following provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws could have the effect of delaying or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us and could encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors:

 

  a classified board of directors with three-year staggered terms, which may delay the ability of stockholders to change the membership of a majority of our board of directors;
     
  no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;
     
  the exclusive right of our board of directors to elect a director to fill a vacancy created by the expansion of the board of directors or the resignation, death or removal of a director, which prevents stockholders from being able to fill vacancies on our board of directors;
     
  the ability of our board of directors to authorize the issuance of additional shares of preferred stock and to determine the terms of those shares, including preferences and voting rights, without stockholder approval, which could adversely affect the rights of our common stockholders or be used to deter a possible acquisition of our company;
     
  the ability of our board of directors to alter our bylaws without obtaining stockholder approval;
     
  the required approval of the holders of at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors to adopt, amend or repeal our bylaws or repeal the provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws regarding the election and removal of directors;
     
  a prohibition on stockholder action by written consent, which forces stockholder action to be taken at an annual or special meeting of our stockholders;

 

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  the requirement that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by the chairman of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the president or the board of directors, which may delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors; and
     
    advance notice procedures that stockholders must comply with in order to nominate candidates to our board of directors or to propose matters to be acted upon at a stockholders’ meeting, which may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us.

 

The transfer agent and registrar of our common stock is Interwest Transfer Company, Inc. The address of our transfer agent and registrar is 1981 Murray Holladay Road, Suite 100 Salt Lake City, Utah 84117, and its telephone number is (801) 272-9294.

 

Our common stock is traded on the The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “SGLB.”

 

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK

 

We are presently authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value preferred stock, of which 1,610,000 shares have been designated “Series A Preferred Stock” and 1,000 shares have been designated “Series B Convertible Preferred Stock,” or “Series B Preferred Stock.” As of May 30, 2018, we had 500 shares of Series B Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, which are convertible into 500,000 shares of common stock.

 

Under our articles of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by stockholders, to designate one or more series of preferred stock and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions and relative rights granted to or imposed upon the preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, liquidation preference and sinking fund terms, any or all of which may be preferential to or greater than the rights of the common stock.

 

Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of the common stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in our control and may adversely affect the market price of the common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock.

 

In connection with our underwritten public offering of equity securities on February 21, 2017, we created a series of Preferred Stock called “Series A Preferred Stock.” None of such shares were issued in such offering. In our April 6, 2018 private placement, we issued 1,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred”), which were initially convertible into 1,000,000 shares of common stock. The shares of Series B Preferred bear cumulative dividends at a rate of 10% per annum of the stated value, payable in cash upon conversion of the Series B Preferred (with respect to the shares being converted). Such dividends will cease to accrue upon the second annual anniversary of the date of issuance of the Series B Preferred. The holders of Series B Preferred also are entitled to participate in dividends (on an as-converted basis) as and when declared and paid to the holders of common stock.

 

The initial conversion price of the Series B Preferred is $1.00 per share of common stock, subject to standard adjustments for certain transactions affecting the Company’s securities (such as stock dividends, stock splits, and the like). Shares of Series B Preferred are convertible into common stock at the option of the holder from time to time, subject to a beneficial ownership limitation of 4.99% (or 9.99% at the option of the holder).

 

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The Series B Preferred generally has no voting rights. However, for so long as any shares of Series B Preferred are outstanding, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of the Series B Preferred is required to: (a) alter or change adversely the powers, preferences or rights given to the Series B Preferred or alter or amend the Certificate of Designation, (b) amend the Company’s articles of incorporation or other charter documents in any manner that adversely affects any rights of the holders of Series B Preferred, (c) increase the number of authorized shares of Series B Preferred, or (d) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.

 

Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, that is not a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Certificate of Designation), the holders of Series B Preferred are entitled to receive out of the assets the Company the same amount they would have received on an as-converted basis, disregarding any conversion limitations. Such amounts are to be paid on a pari passu basis with all holders of common stock.

 

We will describe in a prospectus supplement relating to any series of preferred stock being offered the following terms:

 

  the distinguishing designation of the series of preferred stock;
     
  the number of shares of the series of preferred stock offered, the liquidation preference per share and the offering price of the series;
     
  the dividend rate(s), period(s) or payment date(s) or method(s) of calculation applicable to the series of preferred stock;
     
  whether dividends are cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends on the series of preferred stock will accumulate;
     
  the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any, for the series of preferred stock;
     
  the provisions for a sinking fund, if any, for the series of preferred stock;
     
  the provision for redemption, if applicable, of the series of preferred stock;
     
  any listing of the series of preferred stock on any securities exchange;
     
  the terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which the series of preferred stock will be convertible into common stock, including the conversion price or manner of calculation and conversion period;
     
  voting rights, if any, of the series of preferred stock;
     
  a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the series of preferred stock;
     
  the relative ranking and preferences of the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs;

 

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  any limitations on issuance of any series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock being offered as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs; and
     
  any other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations or restrictions of the series of preferred stock.

 

Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the preferred stock will rank, relating to dividends and upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up:

 

  senior to all classes or series of our common stock and to all of our equity securities ranking junior to the preferred stock;
     
  on a parity with all of our equity securities the terms of which specifically provide that the equity securities rank on a parity with the preferred stock; and
     
  junior to all of our equity securities the terms of which specifically provide that the equity securities rank senior to the preferred stock.

 

Stock Options

 

As of March 31, 2018, options to purchase an aggregate of 493,626 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $3.27 per share were outstanding.

 

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

 

The following is a summary of the general terms of the debt securities that we may offer. We will file a prospectus supplement that may contain additional terms when we issue debt securities. The terms presented here, together with the terms in a related prospectus supplement, will be a description of the material terms of the debt securities. You should also read the indenture under which the debt securities are to be issued. We have filed a form of indenture governing different types of debt securities with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

We may issue, from time to time, debt securities, in one or more series. The debt securities we offer will be issued under an indenture between us and the trustee named in the indenture. The debt securities that we may issue include senior debt securities, subordinated debt securities, convertible debt securities and exchangeable debt securities.

 

The following is a summary of the material provisions of the indenture filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. For each series of debt securities, the applicable prospectus supplement for the series may change and supplement the summary below.

 

General Terms of the Indenture

 

The indenture provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize, and they may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. Except for the limitations on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets contained in the indenture, the terms of the indenture do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in our operations, financial condition or transactions involving us. For each series of debt securities, any restrictive covenants for those debt securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement for those debt securities.

 

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We may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may, for United States federal income tax purposes, be treated as if they were issued with “original issue discount” because of interest payment and other characteristics. Special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with original issue discount will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.

 

You should refer to the prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of debt securities for a description of the following terms of the debt securities offered by that prospectus supplement and by this prospectus:

 

    the title and authorized denominations of those debt securities;
     
  any limit on the aggregate principal amount of that series of debt securities;
     
  the date or dates on which principal and premium, if any, of the debt securities of that series is payable;
     
  interest rates, and the dates from which interest, if any, on the debt securities of that series will accrue, and the dates when interest is payable;
     
  the right, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of the extensions;
     
  if the amount of payments of principal or interest is to be determined by reference to an index or formula, or based on a coin or currency other than that in which the debt securities are stated to be payable, the manner in which these amounts are determined and the calculation agent, if any, with respect thereto;
     
  the place or places where and the manner in which principal of, premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the debt securities of that series will be payable and the place or places where those debt securities may be presented for transfer and, if applicable, conversion or exchange;
     
  the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, the currency or currencies in which, and other terms and conditions upon which those debt securities may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at our option or the option of a holder of those securities, if we or a holder is to have that option;
     
    our obligation or right, if any, to redeem, repay or purchase those debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provision or at the option of a holder of those securities, and the terms and conditions upon which the debt securities will be redeemed, repaid or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to that obligation;
     
    the terms, if any, on which the debt securities of that series will be subordinate in right and priority of payment to our other debt;
     
  the denominations in which the debt securities will be issuable;
     
  if other than the entire principal amount of the debt securities when issued, the portion of the principal amount payable upon acceleration of maturity as a result of a default on our obligations;
     
    whether the debt securities will be issued in fully registered form without coupons or in a form registered as to principal only with coupons or in bearer form with coupons;
     
    whether any securities of that series are to be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities and the depositary for those global securities;

 

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  if other than United States dollars, the currency or currencies in which payment of principal of or any premium or interest on those debt securities will be payable;
     
  if the principal of or any premium or interest on the debt securities of that series is to be payable, or is to be payable at our election or the election of a holder of those securities, in securities or other property, the type and amount of those securities or other property, or the manner of determining that amount, and the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, any such election may be made;
     
  the events of default and covenants relating to the debt securities that are in addition to, or modify or delete, those described in this prospectus;
     
    conversion or exchange provisions, if any, including conversion or exchange prices or rates and adjustments thereto;
     
  whether and upon what terms the debt securities may be defeased, if different from the provisions set forth in the indenture;
     
    the nature and terms of any security for any secured debt securities;
     
    the terms applicable to any debt securities issued at a discount from their stated principal amount; and
     
  any other material terms of the debt securities.

 

The applicable prospectus supplement will present material United States federal income tax considerations for holders of any debt securities and the securities exchange or quotation system on which any debt securities are to be listed or quoted.

 

Conversion or Exchange Rights

 

Debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our equity securities or other securities. The terms and conditions of conversion or exchange will be stated in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms will include, among others, the following:

 

  the conversion or exchange price;
     
  the conversion or exchange period;
     
  provisions regarding our ability or the ability of any holder to convert or exchange the debt securities;
     
  events requiring adjustment to the conversion or exchange price; and
     
  provisions affecting conversion or exchange in the event of our redemption of the debt securities.

 

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Consolidation, Merger or Sale

 

We cannot consolidate or merge with or into, or transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets to, any person, unless the successor corporation or person to which our assets are transferred or leased is organized under the laws of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia and it expressly assumes our obligations under the debt securities and the indenture. In addition, we cannot complete such a transaction unless immediately after completing the transaction, no event of default under the indenture, and no event that, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an event of default under the indenture, has occurred and is continuing. When the person to whom our assets are transferred or leased has assumed our obligations under the debt securities and the indenture, we will be discharged from all our obligations under the debt securities and the indenture except in limited circumstances.

 

This covenant would not apply to any recapitalization transaction, a change of control affecting us or a highly leveraged transaction, unless the transaction or change of control were structured to include a merger or consolidation or transfer or lease of all or substantially all of our assets.

 

Events of Default

 

The indenture provides that the following will be “events of default” with respect to any series of debt securities:

 

  ●  failure to pay interest for thirty days after the date payment is due and payable;
     
  failure to pay principal or premium, if any, on any debt security when due, either at maturity, upon any redemption, by declaration or otherwise and, in the case of technical or administrative difficulties, only if such default persists for a period of more than three business days;
     
    failure to make sinking fund payments when due and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days;
     
  failure to perform other covenants for 60 days after notice that performance was required;
     
  events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization relating to us; or
     
    any other event of default provided in the applicable officer’s certificate, resolution of our board of directors or the supplemental indenture under which we issue a series of debt securities.

 

An event of default for a particular series of debt securities does not necessarily constitute an event of default for any other series of debt securities issued under the indenture. For each series of debt securities, any modifications to the above events of default will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement for those debt securities.

 

The indenture provides that if an event of default specified in the first, second, third, fourth or sixth bullets above occurs and is continuing, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may declare the principal amount of all those debt securities (or, in the case of discount securities or indexed securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) to be due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the fifth bullet above occurs and is continuing, then the principal amount of all those debt securities (or, in the case of discount securities or indexed securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) will be due and payable immediately, without any declaration or other act on the part of the trustee or any holder. In certain cases, holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may, on behalf of holders of all those debt securities, rescind and annul a declaration of acceleration.

 

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The indenture imposes limitations on suits brought by holders of debt securities against us. Except for actions for payment of overdue principal or interest, no holder of debt securities of any series may institute any action against us under the indenture unless:

 

  ●  the holder has previously given to the trustee written notice of default and continuance of such default;
     
  the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the affected series have requested that the trustee institute the action;
     
    the requesting holders have offered the trustee indemnity for the reasonable expenses and liabilities that may be incurred by bringing the action;
     
    the trustee has not instituted the action within 60 days of the request and offer of indemnity; and
     
  the trustee has not received inconsistent direction by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the affected series.

 

We will be required to file annually with the trustee a certificate, signed by one of our officers, stating whether or not the officer knows of any default by us in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any condition or covenant of the indenture.

 

Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance

 

We can discharge or decrease our obligations under the indenture as stated below.

 

We may discharge obligations to holders of any series of debt securities that have not already been delivered to the trustee for cancellation and that have either become due and payable or are by their terms to become due and payable, or are scheduled for redemption, within one year. We may effect a discharge by irrevocably depositing with the trustee cash or government obligations denominated in the currency of the debt securities, as trust funds, in an amount certified to be enough to pay when due, whether at maturity, upon redemption or otherwise, the principal of, and any premium and interest on, the debt securities and any mandatory sinking fund payments.

 

Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may also discharge any and all of our obligations to holders of any series of debt securities at any time, which we refer to as defeasance. We may also be released from the obligations imposed by any covenants of any outstanding series of debt securities and provisions of the indenture, and we may omit to comply with those covenants without creating an event of default under the trust declaration, which we refer to as covenant defeasance. We may effect defeasance and covenant defeasance only if, among other things:

 

    we irrevocably deposit with the trustee cash or government obligations denominated in the currency of the debt securities, as trust funds, in an amount certified to be enough to pay at maturity, or upon redemption, the principal (including any mandatory sinking fund payments) of, and any premium and interest on, all outstanding debt securities of the series; and
     
  we deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel from a nationally recognized law firm to the effect that the holders of the series of debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the defeasance or covenant defeasance and that defeasance or covenant defeasance will not otherwise alter the holders’ U.S. federal income tax treatment of principal, and any premium and interest payments on, the series of debt securities.

 

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In the case of a defeasance by us, the opinion we deliver must be based on a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service issued, or a change in U.S. federal income tax law occurring, after the date of the indenture, since such a result would not occur under the U.S. federal income tax laws in effect on that date.

 

Although we may discharge or decrease our obligations under the indenture as described in the preceding paragraphs, we may not avoid, among other things, our duty to register the transfer or exchange of any series of debt securities, to replace any temporary, mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen series of debt securities or to maintain an office or agency in respect of any series of debt securities.

 

Modification of the Indenture

 

The indenture provides that we and the trustee may enter into supplemental indentures without the consent of the holders of debt securities to, among other things:

 

    evidence the assumption by a successor entity of our obligations;
     
  add to our covenants for the benefit of the holders of debt securities, or to surrender any rights or power conferred upon us;
     
    add any additional events of default;
     
    cure any ambiguity or correct any inconsistency or defect in the indenture;
     
    add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of the indenture in a manner that will become effective only when there is no outstanding debt security which is entitled to the benefit of the provision as to which the modification would apply;
     
    secure any debt securities;
     
  establish the forms or terms of debt securities of any series;
     
  evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee and add to or change any of the provisions of the indenture as is necessary for the administration of the trusts by more than one trustee;
     
  modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of the indenture as shall be necessary to effect the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or under any similar federal statute later enacted, and to add to the indenture such other provisions as may be expressly required by the Trust Indenture Act; and
     
  make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the indenture that will not be inconsistent with any provision of the indenture as long as the new provisions do not adversely affect the interests of the holders of any outstanding debt securities of any series created prior to the modification.

 

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The indenture also provides that we and the trustee may, with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of debt securities of each series of debt securities affected by such supplemental indenture then outstanding, add any provisions to, or change in any manner, eliminate or modify in any way the provisions of, the indenture or any supplemental indenture or modify in any manner the rights of the holders of the debt securities. We and the trustee may not, however, without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security affected thereby:

 

  ●  extend the final maturity of any debt security;
     
  reduce the principal amount or premium, if any;
     
    reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest;
     
    reduce the amount of the principal of any debt security issued with an original issue discount that is payable upon acceleration;
     
  change the currency in which the principal, and any premium or interest, is payable;
     
  impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on any debt security when due;
     
  if applicable, adversely affect the right of a holder to convert or exchange a debt security; or
     
  reduce the percentage of holders of debt securities of any series whose consent is required for any modification of the indenture or for waivers of compliance with or defaults under the indenture with respect to debt securities of that series.

 

The indenture provides that the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then-outstanding debt securities of any series, by notice to the relevant trustee, may on behalf of the holders of the debt securities of that series waive any default and its consequences under the indenture except:

 

  ●  a default in the payment of, any premium and any interest on, or principal of, any such debt security held by a nonconsenting holder; or
     
  a default in respect of a covenant or provision of the indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security of each series affected.

 

Registered Global Securities and Book Entry System

 

The debt securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in book-entry form and will be represented by one or more fully registered global securities. We will deposit any registered global securities with a depositary or with a nominee for a depositary identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of such depositary or nominee. In such case, we will issue one or more registered global securities denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of all of the debt securities of the series to be issued and represented by such registered global security or securities. This means that we will not issue certificates to each holder.

 

Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for debt securities in definitive registered form, a registered global security may not be transferred except as a whole:

 

  ●  by the depositary for the registered global security to its nominee;
     
  by a nominee of the depositary to the depositary or another nominee of the depositary; or
     
    by the depositary or its nominee to a successor of the depositary or a nominee of the successor.

 

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The prospectus supplement relating to a series of debt securities will describe the specific terms of the depositary arrangement involving any portion of the series represented by a registered global security. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements for debt securities:

 

  ●  ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be limited to persons that have accounts with the depositary for such registered global security, these persons being referred to as “participants,” or persons that may hold interests through participants;
     
  upon the issuance of a registered global security, the depositary for the registered global security will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal amounts of the debt securities represented by the registered global security beneficially owned by the participants;
     
  any dealers, underwriters, or agents participating in the distribution of the debt securities will designate the accounts to be credited; and
     
    ownership of beneficial interests in the registered global security will be shown on, and the transfer of the ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary for the registered global security for interests of participants, and on the records of participants for interests of persons holding through participants.

 

The laws of some states may require that specified purchasers of securities take physical delivery of the securities in definitive form. These laws may limit the ability of those persons to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in registered global securities.

 

So long as the depositary for a registered global security, or its nominee, is the registered owner of the registered global security, the depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by the registered global security for all purposes under the indenture. Except as stated below, owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security:

 

    will not be entitled to have the debt securities represented by a registered global security registered in their names;
     
  will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the debt securities in the definitive form; and
     
    will not be considered the owners or holders of the debt securities under the relevant indenture.

 

Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for the registered global security and, if the person is not a participant, on the procedures of a participant through which the person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the indenture.

 

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We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a registered global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the indenture, the depositary for the registered global security would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take the action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through the participants to give or take the action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.

 

We will make payments of principal and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on debt securities represented by a registered global security registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owners of the registered global security. Neither we nor the trustee, or any other agent of ours or the trustee will be responsible or liable for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, beneficial ownership interests in the registered global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to the beneficial ownership interests.

 

We expect that the depositary for any debt securities represented by a registered global security, upon receipt of any payments of principal and premium, if any, and interest, if any, in respect of the registered global security, will credit participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the registered global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that standing customer instructions and customary practices will govern payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in the registered global security held through the participants, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name.” We also expect that any of these payments will be the responsibility of the participants.

 

If the depositary for any debt securities represented by a registered global security is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or stops being a clearing agency registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, we will appoint an eligible successor depositary. If we fail to appoint an eligible successor depositary within 90 days, we will issue the debt securities in definitive form in exchange for the registered global security. In addition, we may at any time and in our sole discretion decide not to have any of the debt securities of a series represented by one or more registered global securities. In that event, we will issue debt securities of the series in a definitive form in exchange for all of the registered global securities representing the debt securities. The trustee will register any debt securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a registered global security in the name or names as the depositary, based upon instructions from its participants, shall instruct the trustee.

 

We may also issue bearer debt securities of a series in the form of one or more global securities, referred to as “bearer global securities.” We will deposit these securities with a depositary identified in the prospectus supplement relating to the series. The prospectus supplement relating to a series of debt securities represented by a bearer global security will describe the applicable terms and procedures. These will include the specific terms of the depositary arrangement and any specific procedures for the issuance of debt securities in definitive form in exchange for a bearer global security, in proportion to the series represented by a bearer global security.

 

Concerning the Trustee

 

The indenture provides that there may be more than one trustee under the indenture, each for one or more series of debt securities. If there are different trustees for different series of debt securities, each trustee will be a trustee of a trust under the indenture separate and apart from the trust administered by any other trustee under that indenture. Except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, any action permitted to be taken by a trustee may be taken by such trustee only on the one or more series of debt securities for which it is the trustee under the indenture. Any trustee under the indenture may resign or be removed from one or more series of debt securities. All payments of principal of, and any premium and interest on, and all registration, transfer, exchange, authentication and delivery of, the debt securities of a series will be effected by the trustee for that series at an office designated by the trustee.

 

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The indenture provides that, except during the continuance of an event of default, the trustee will perform only such duties as are specifically set forth in the indenture. During the existence of an event of default, the trustee will exercise those rights and powers vested in it under the indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

 

If the trustee becomes a creditor of ours, the indenture places limitations on the right of the trustee to obtain payment of claims or to realize on property received in respect of any such claim as security or otherwise. The trustee may engage in other transactions. If it acquires any conflicting interest relating to any duties concerning the debt securities, however, it must eliminate the conflict or resign as trustee.

 

No Individual Liability of Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers or Directors

 

The indenture provides that no past, present or future director, officer, stockholder or employee of ours, any of our affiliates, or any successor corporation, in their capacity as such, shall have any individual liability for any of our obligations, covenants or agreements under the debt securities or the indenture. This release may not be effective to waive liabilities into U.S federal securities laws, and it is the view of the SEC that such a waiver is against public policy.

 

Governing Law

 

The indenture and the debt securities will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

 

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

 

We may issue warrants for the purchase of shares of our common stock or preferred stock or of debt securities. We may issue warrants independently or together with other securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from any offered securities. If a series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and the investors or a warrant agent, we will so specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. The following summary of the material provisions of the warrants and warrant agreements is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrants and any warrant agreement applicable to a particular series of warrants. The terms of any warrants offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement, as well as the complete warrants and warrant agreements that contain the terms of the warrants.

 

The material terms of any issue of warrants will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the issue. Those terms may include:

 

    the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase such shares and the price at which such number of shares may be purchased upon such exercise;
     
  a summary of the designation and terms (including, without limitation, liquidation, dividend, conversion and voting rights) of the series of preferred stock purchasable upon exercise of warrants to purchase preferred stock as set forth in the certificate of designation for such series of preferred stock;
     
    the principal amount of debt securities that may be purchased upon exercise of a debt warrant and the exercise price for the warrants, which may be payable in cash, securities or other property;

 

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    the date, if any, on and after which the warrants and the related debt securities, preferred stock or common stock will be separately transferable;
     
  the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;
     
    the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;
     
  U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to the warrants; and
     
  any additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the exchange, exercise and settlement of the warrants.

 

Each warrant will entitle its holder to purchase the principal amount of debt securities or the number of shares of preferred stock or common stock at the exercise price set forth in, or calculable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

 

A holder of warrant certificates may exchange them for new warrant certificates of different denominations, present them for registration of transfer and exercise them at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Until any warrants to purchase debt securities are exercised, the holder of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the debt securities that can be purchased upon exercise, including any rights to receive payments of principal, premium or interest on the underlying debt securities or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture. Until any warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock are exercised, the holders of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the underlying common stock or preferred stock, including any rights to receive dividends or payments upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up on the common stock or preferred stock, if any.

 

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

 

We may issue units consisting of any combination of the other types of securities offered under this prospectus in one or more series. We may elect to evidence each series of units by unit certificates that we will issue under a separate unit agreement. We may enter into unit agreements with a unit agent. Each unit agent will be a bank or trust company that we select. We will indicate the name and address of the unit agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of units.

 

The following description, together with the additional information included in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the general features of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. You should read any prospectus supplement related to the series of units being offered, as well as the complete unit agreements that contain the terms of the units. Specific unit agreements will contain additional important terms, and we will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from another report that we file with the SEC, the form of each unit agreement relating to units offered under this prospectus.

 

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If we offer any units, certain terms of that series of units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, including, without limitation, the following, as applicable:

 

  ●  the title of the series of units;
     
  identification and description of the separate constituent securities comprising the units;
     
  the price or prices at which the units will be issued;
     
    the date, if any, on and after which the constituent securities comprising the units will be separately transferable;
     
    a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the units; and
     
    any other material terms of the units and their constituent securities.

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION.

 

We may sell the securities covered by this prospectus from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods or through underwriters or dealers, through agents and/or directly to one or more purchasers. The securities may be distributed from time to time in one or more transactions:

 

  ●  at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
     
  at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
     
  at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or
     
    at negotiated prices.

 

Each time that we sell securities covered by this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement or supplements that will describe the method of distribution and set forth the terms and conditions of the offering of such securities, including the offering price of the securities and the proceeds to us, if applicable.

 

Offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus may be solicited directly. Agents may also be designated to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. Any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities will be identified in a prospectus supplement.

 

If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, the securities will be sold to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.

 

If an underwriter is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter at the time of sale and the name of any underwriter will be provided in the prospectus supplement that the underwriter will use to make resales of the securities to the public. In connection with the sale of the securities, we or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. The underwriter may sell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for which they may act as agent. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, an agent will be acting on a best efforts basis and a dealer will purchase securities as a principal, and may then resell the securities at varying prices to be determined by the dealer.

 

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Any compensation paid to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers, will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof and to reimburse those persons for certain expenses.

 

Any common stock issued by us will be traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market unless we specify otherwise in the prospectus supplement, but any other securities may or may not be publicly traded or listed on a national securities exchange. To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involve the sale by persons participating in the offering of more securities than were sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option, if any. In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.

 

If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, underwriters or other persons acting as agents may be authorized to solicit offers by institutions or other suitable purchasers to purchase the securities at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement, pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in the prospectus supplement. These purchasers may include, among others, commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies and educational and charitable institutions. Delayed delivery contracts will be subject to the condition that the purchase of the securities covered by the delayed delivery contracts will not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States to which the purchaser is subject. The underwriters and agents will not have any responsibility with respect to the validity or performance of these contracts.

 

We may engage in at-the-market offerings into an existing trading market in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act. In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement. In addition, we may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.

 

The specific terms of any lock-up provisions in respect of any given offering will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

In compliance with the guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“ FINRA ”), the maximum consideration or discount to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker dealer may not exceed 8% of the aggregate proceeds of the offering.

 

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The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

TroyGould PC, Los Angeles, California, has issued an opinion about certain legal matters with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus. Certain attorneys employed by TroyGould PC beneficially own shares of our common stock constituting in the aggregate less than 1% of our outstanding shares of common stock. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us, or for any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we name in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

EXPERTS

 

The financial statements of Sigma Labs, Inc. as of December 31, 2017 and for the year then ended, which are incorporated into this prospectus by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Haynie & Company, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. The financial statements of Sigma Labs, Inc. as of December 31, 2016 and for the year then ended, which are incorporated into this prospectus by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Pritchett, Siler & Hardy, P.C, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We are subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”) and, in accordance with that act, file periodic reports and other information with the SEC. The periodic reports and other information filed by us are available for inspection and copying at prescribed rates at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains all reports and other information that we file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we have filed with the SEC under the Securities Act for the securities offered under this prospectus (the “ Form S-3 Registration Statement ”). The Form S-3 Registration Statement, including the exhibits to the Form S-3 Registration Statement, contains additional information about us and the securities offered by this prospectus. The rules and regulations of the SEC allow us to omit from this prospectus certain information that is included in the Form S-3 Registration Statement. For further information about us and our securities, you should review the Form S-3 Registration Statement and the exhibits filed with the Form S-3 Registration Statement.

 

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

 

The SEC allows us to incorporate into this prospectus by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to the documents containing that information. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we later file with the SEC will automatically update and, where applicable, modify or supersede that information.

 

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We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the following documents that we have filed, or will file, with the SEC:

 

  ●  Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, filed with the SEC on April 17, 2018;
     
  Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2018;
     
    Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 25, 2018, May 15, 2018 and May 24, 2018, respectively;
     
    The description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on February 14, 2017, and any amendment or report subsequently filed for the purpose of updating such description; and
     
    Each document that we file with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date on which we filed the Form S-3 Registration Statement and before the termination of this offering, with information in each such filing to be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus as of the date we make the filing with the SEC.

 

You may request a copy of any of these filings from us at no cost by writing or calling our Chief Executive Officer at the following address or telephone number: Sigma Labs, Inc.; 3900 Paseo del Sol, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87507; (505) 438-2576.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no portion of any document that is “furnished” but not “filed” in accordance with SEC rules under Exchange Act shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained in any other subsequently filed document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

 

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PROSPECTUS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$30,000,000

 

 

 

 

SIGMA LABS, INC.

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

Units

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The date of this prospectus is June 14, 2018.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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