UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
FORM F-10
REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
ASANKO GOLD INC.
(Exact
name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
British Columbia
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1040
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Not Applicable
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(Province or other jurisdiction
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(Primary Standard Industrial
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(I.R.S. Employer
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of incorporation or organization)
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Classification Code Number)
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Identification Number)
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Suite 680, 1066 West Hastings Street
Vancouver,
British Columbia, Canada V6E 3X2
Telephone: (604) 683-8193
(Address and telephone number of Registrants principal executive
offices)
Puglisi & Associates
850 Library Avenue, Suite
204
Newark, Delaware
United States 19711
Tel:
(302) 738-6680
(Name, address (including zip code) and telephone
number (including area code) of agent for service in the United States)
Copy to:
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Peter Breese, Chief Executive Officer
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Bernie Zinkhofer
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Fausto Di Trapani, Chief Financial Officer
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Michael Taylor
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Asanko Gold Inc.
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McMillan LLP
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Suite 680, 1066 West Hastings Street
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1500 1055 West Georgia Street
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Vancouver, British Columbia
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Vancouver, British Columbia
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Canada V6E 3X2
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Canada V6E 4N7
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Telephone: (604) 683-8193
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Telephone: (604) 689-9111
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale of the
securities to the public:
From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes
effective.
Province of British Columbia, Canada
(Principal jurisdiction regulating this offering)
It is proposed that this filing shall become effective (check
appropriate box below):
A.
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[ ]
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upon filing with the Commission, pursuant to Rule 467(a)
(if in connection with an offering being made contemporaneously in the
United States and Canada).
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B.
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[X]
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at some future date (check appropriate box below)
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1.
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[ ]
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pursuant to Rule 467(b) on (
date
) at (
time
)
(designate a time not sooner than 7 calendar days after
filing).
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2.
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[ ]
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pursuant to Rule 467(b) on (
date
) at (
time
)
(designate a time 7 calendar days or sooner after filing) because the
securities regulatory authority in the review jurisdiction has issued a
receipt or notification of clearance on (
date
).
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3.
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[ ]
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pursuant to Rule 467(b) as soon as practicable after
notification of the Commission by the Registrant or the Canadian
securities regulatory authority of the review jurisdiction that a receipt
or notification of clearance has been issued with respect
hereto.
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4.
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[X]
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after the filing of the next amendment to this Form (if
preliminary material is being filed).
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If any of the securities being registered on this form are to
be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to the home jurisdictions
shelf prospectus offering procedures, check the following box. [X]
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of each
class of securities
to be registered
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Amount to be
registered
(1)
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Proposed maximum
offering price per
unit
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Proposed maximum
aggregate offering
price
(3)
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Amount of
registration
fee
(3)(4)
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Common Shares, no par value
Common Share Purchase
Warrants
Subscription Receipts Debt Securities Units
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Total
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US$300,000,000
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(2)
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US$300,000,000
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US$37,350
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(1)
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Includes an indeterminate number of common shares, common
share purchase warrants, debt securities, subscription receipts for any
combination thereof or units of any combination thereof. The securities
which may be offered pursuant to this registration statement include,
pursuant to Rule 416 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
U.S. Securities Act
), such additional number of common shares of
the Registrant that may become issuable as a result of any stock split,
stock dividends or similar event.
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(2)
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The proposed maximum initial offering price per security
will be determined, from time to time, by the Registrant in connection
with the sale of the securities under this Registration
Statement.
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(3)
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The estimated registration fee for the securities has
been calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o).
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(4)
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Based on the SECs registration fee of $124.50 per
$1,000,000 of securities registered.
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The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on
such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the
registration statement shall become effective as provided in Rule 467 under the
U.S. Securities Act, or on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to
Section 8(a) of the U.S. Securities Act, may determine.
A1
PART I
INFORMATION REQUIRED TO BE DELIVERED TO OFFEREES OR
PURCHASERS
I-1
Information contained herein is subject
to completion or amendment. A registration statement relating to these
securities has been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the
time the registration statement becomes effective. This prospectus shall not
constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall
there be any sale of these securities in any U.S. state in which such offer,
solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification
under the securities laws of any such U.S. state.
No securities regulatory authority has expressed an opinion
about these securities and it is an offence to claim otherwise. This short form
base shelf prospectus constitutes a public offering of these securities only in
those jurisdictions where they may be lawfully offered for sale and therein only
by persons permitted to sell such securities.
Information has been incorporated by reference in this
prospectus from documents filed with the securities commissions or similar
authorities in Canada.
Copies of the documents incorporated herein by
reference may be obtained on request without charge from The Company Inc., Suite
680, 1066 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6E 3X2 (Telephone
778-729-0627) (Attn: the Chief Financial Officer), and are also available
electronically at
www.sedar.com
.
PRELIMINARY SHORT FORM BASE SHELF PROSPECTUS
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New Issue
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December 28, 2017
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US$300,000,000
Common Shares
Warrants
Subscription
Receipts
Units
Debt Securities
This short-form base shelf prospectus (the
Prospectus
)
relates to the offering for sale of common shares (the
Common Shares
),
warrants (the
Warrants
), subscription receipts (the
Subscription
Receipts
), debt securities (the
Debt Securities
), or any
combination of such securities (the
Units
) (all of the foregoing,
collectively, the
Securities
) by Asanko Gold Inc. (the
Company
or
Asanko
) from time to time, during the 25-month period that the
Prospectus, including any amendments hereto, remains effective, in one or more
series or issuances, with a total offering price of the Securities in the
aggregate, of up to US$300,000,000. The Securities may be offered in amounts at
prices to be determined based on market conditions at the time of the sale and
set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement (a
Prospectus
Supplement
). In addition, the Securities may be offered and issued in
consideration for the acquisition of other businesses, assets or securities by
the Company or a subsidiary of the Company. The consideration for any such
acquisition may consist of any of the Securities separately, a combination of Securities or any combination of,
among other things, Securities, cash and assumption of liabilities.
Investing in the Securities of the Company involves a high
degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks outlined in this
Prospectus (together with any Prospectus Supplement) and in the documents
incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and consider such risks in
connection with an investment in such Securities. See Risk Factors.
This offering is made by a Canadian issuer that is
permitted, under a multijurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the United
States and Canada (MJDS), to prepare this Prospectus in accordance with
Canadian disclosure requirements. Prospective investors in the United States
should be aware that such requirements are different from those of the United
States. Financial statements included or incorporated by reference herein have
been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards
(IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and
may not be comparable to financial statements of United States companies. Our
financial statements are subject to Canadian generally accepted auditing
standards and auditor independence standards, in addition to the independence
standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Prospective investors should be aware that the acquisition
of the Securities described herein may have tax consequences both in the United
States and in Canada. Such consequences for investors who are resident in, or
citizens of, the United States may not be described fully herein. Prospective
investors should read the tax discussion contained in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement with respect to a particular offering of Securities.
The enforcement by investors of civil liabilities under the
United States federal securities laws may be affected adversely by the fact that
the Company is incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada, that the
majority of its officers and directors are residents of Canada or other foreign
countries, that none of the experts named in the registration statement are
residents of the United States, and that all of the assets of the Company and
said persons are located outside the United States.
NEITHER THE SEC NOR ANY STATE OR CANADIAN SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS
PROSPECTUS IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENCE.
The specific terms of the Securities with respect to a
particular offering will be set out in one or more Prospectus Supplements and
may include, where applicable: (i) in the case of Common Shares, the number of
Common Shares offered, the offering price and any other specific terms; (ii) in
the case of Warrants, the offering price, the designation, number and terms of
the Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, any procedures that
will result in the adjustment of these numbers, the exercise price, dates and
periods of exercise, the currency in which the Warrants are issued and any other
specific terms; (iii) in the case of Subscription Receipts, the number of
Subscription Receipts being offered, the offering price, the procedures for the
exchange of the Subscription Receipts for Common Shares or Warrants, as the case
may be, and any other specific terms; (iv) in the case of Debt Securities, the
specific designation, aggregate principal amount, the currency or the currency
unit for the Debt Securities being offered, the maturity, interest provisions,
authorized denominations, offering price, covenants, events of default, any
terms for redemption or retraction, any exchange or conversion terms, whether
the Debt Securities are secured, affiliate-guaranteed, senior or subordinated
and any other terms specific to the Debt Securities being offered; and (v) in
the case of Units, the designation, number and terms of the Common Shares,
Warrants, Subscription Receipts or Debt Securities comprising the Units. Where
required by statute, regulation or policy, and where Securities are offered in
currencies other than Canadian dollars, appropriate disclosure of foreign
exchange rates applicable to the Securities will be included in the Prospectus
Supplement describing the Securities.
The Debt Securities that may be offered may be guaranteed by
certain direct and indirect subsidiaries of Asanko with respect to the payment
of the principal, premium, if any, and interest on the Debt Securities. The
Company expects that any guarantee provided in respect of senior Debt Securities
would constitute a senior and unsecured obligation of the applicable guarantor,
subordinated to current debt unless it is discharged by the proceeds of Debt
Securities. In order to comply with certain registration
statement form requirements under U.S. law, such subsidiary guarantees may be
guaranteed by Asanko on a senior and unsecured basis.
For a more detailed
description of the Debt Securities that may be offered, see Description of
Securities Description of Debt Securities - Guarantees, below.
ii
All information permitted under applicable securities
legislation to be omitted from the Prospectus will be contained in one or more
Prospectus Supplement(s) that will be delivered to purchasers together with the
Prospectus, except in cases where an exemption from such delivery requirements
have been obtained. Each Prospectus Supplement will be incorporated by reference
into the Prospectus for the purposes of applicable securities legislation as of
the date of the Prospectus Supplement and only for the purposes of the
distribution of the Securities to which the Prospectus Supplement pertains.
Investors should read the Prospectus and any applicable Prospectus Supplement
carefully before investing in the Companys Securities.
This Prospectus constitutes a public offering of the Securities
only in those jurisdictions where they may be lawfully offered for sale and only
by persons permitted to sell the Securities in such jurisdictions. We may offer
and sell Securities to, or through, underwriters or dealers, directly to one or
more other purchasers, or through agents pursuant to exemptions from
registration or qualification under applicable securities laws. A Prospectus
Supplement relating to each issue of Securities will set forth the names of any
underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the offering and sale of the
Securities and will set forth the terms of the offering of the Securities, the
method of distribution of the Securities, including, to the extent applicable,
the proceeds to us and any fees, discounts, concessions or other compensation
payable to the underwriters, dealers or agents, and any other material terms of
the plan of distribution. In connection with any offering of the Securities,
other than an at-the-market distribution (as defined under applicable Canadian
securities legislation) unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement,
the underwriters or agents may over-allot or effect transactions which stabilize
or maintain the market price of the Securities offered at a higher level than
that which might exist in the open market. Such transaction, if commenced, may
be interrupted or discontinued at any time. See Plan of Distribution.
In connection with any offering of the Securities (unless
otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement), other than an at-the-market
distribution, the underwriters may over-allot or effect transactions which
stabilize or maintain the market price of the Securities offered at a level
above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. Such transactions,
if commenced, may be discontinued at any time. No underwriter or dealer involved
in an at-the-market distribution under this Prospectus, no affiliate of such
an underwriter or dealer and no person or company acting jointly or in concert
with such an underwriter or dealer will over-allot securities in connection with
such distribution or effect any other transactions that are intended to
stabilize or maintain the market price of the Securities. See Plan of
Distribution.
No underwriter has been involved in the preparation of the
Prospectus or performed any review of the contents of the Prospectus.
Michael Price, Peter Breese, William Smart, Collin Steyn, Hugo
Truter and Josephat Zvapia, each a director and/or an officer of the Company,
and Charles Muller, David Morgan, Doug Heher, Malcolm Titley, Thomas
Obiri-Yeboah, Glenn Bezuidenhout, Phil Bentley and Dr Godknows Njowa, each named
as an expert herein, reside outside of Canada. Each of the above individuals has
appointed McMillan LLP, located at Suite 1500 1055 West Georgia Street,
Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 4N7, as his agent for service of process in
British Columbia. Purchasers are advised that it may not be possible for
investors to enforce judgments obtained in Canada against any such person, even
though they have each appointed an agent for service of process.
iii
The Companys outstanding Common Shares are listed for trading
on the Toronto Stock Exchange (the
TSX
) under the trading symbol AKG
and on the NYSE American Stock Exchange, formerly NYSE MKT (
NYSE
American
) under the trading symbol AKG. The closing price of the
Companys Common Shares on the TSX and NYSE American on December 27, 2017, the
last trading day before the date of the Prospectus, was C$0.81 per Common Share
and US$0.6456 per Common Share, respectively.
Unless otherwise disclosed in
any applicable Prospectus Supplement, the Debt Securities, the Warrants, the
Subscription Receipts and the Units will not be listed on any securities
exchange. Unless the Securities are disclosed to be listed, there will be no
market through which these Securities may be sold and purchasers may not be able
to resell these Securities purchased under this Prospectus. This may affect the
pricing of such Securities in the secondary market, the transparency and availability of trading prices, the
liquidity of such Securities, and the extent of issuer regulation.
The head office of the Company is located at Suite 680, 1066
West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6E 3X2. The registered
office of the Company is located at Suite 1500 1055 West Georgia Street,
Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 4N7.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
You should rely only on the information contained in or
incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and in any applicable Prospectus
Supplement. The Company has not authorized anyone to provide you with different
information. The Company is not making any offer of these Securities in any
jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the
information contained in this Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement is
accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of those documents or
that any information contained in any document incorporated by reference is
accurate as of any date other than the date of that document.
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this
Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement to we, our, us, Asanko or the
Company refer to Asanko Gold Inc. and each of its material subsidiaries.
v
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
We incorporate by reference into this Prospectus documents
that we have filed with securities commissions or similar authorities in Canada,
which have also been filed with, or furnished to, the United States Securities
and Exchange Commission (the SEC).
You may obtain copies of the documents
incorporated herein by reference without charge from Asanko Gold Inc., Suite
680, 1066 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6E 3X2 (Telephone
778-729-0627) Attn: Chief Financial Officer. These documents are also available
electronically from the website of Canadian Securities Administrators at
www.sedar.com
(
SEDAR
) and from the EDGAR filing website of the
United States Securities Exchange Commission at www.sec.gov (
EDGAR
).
The Companys filings through SEDAR and EDGAR are not incorporated by reference
in the Prospectus except as specifically set out herein.
The following documents filed on SEDAR with the securities
regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions in Canada in which the Company is a
reporting issuer are specifically incorporated by reference into and, except
where herein otherwise provided, form an integral part of, this Prospectus:
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1.
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our annual information form for the year ended December
31, 2016, dated as at March 15, 2017 and filed on March 16, 2017 (our
2016 AIF
);
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2.
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our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 comprised of the consolidated
balance sheets as at December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the consolidated
statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), cash flows and
changes in equity for the years then ended, and the notes thereto and the
report of the independent auditor thereon, as filed March 16,
2017;
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3.
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our management's discussion and analysis for the year
ended December 31, 2016, filed March 16, 2017 (our
2016 Annual
MD&A
);
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4.
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our condensed consolidated interim financial statements
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the
notes thereto, filed November 3, 2017;
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5.
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our managements discussion and analysis for the three
and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, filed November 3, 2017
(our
Q3 2017 MD&A
);
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6.
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the management information circular dated April 28, 2017
with respect to the annual general and special meeting of our shareholders
held on June 9, 2017; and
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7.
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the technical report titled Definitive Feasibility
Study in relation our Asanko Gold Mine filed on SEDAR July 18, 2017 and
as amended and restated on December 20, 2017 and filed on SEDAR on December 27, 2017 (our
12/17/DFS
).
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In addition, we also incorporate by reference into this
Prospectus any document of the types referred to in the preceding paragraph
(excluding press releases) or of any other type required to be incorporated by
reference into a short form prospectus pursuant to National Instrument 44- 101
Short Form Prospectus Distributions
that are filed by us with a
securities commission or similar authority in Canada after the date of this
Prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering under any Prospectus
Supplement. As discussed below, this Prospectus may also expressly update or
revise any document incorporated by reference and such document should be deemed
so amended or updated hereby.
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To the extent that any document or information incorporated by
reference into the Prospectus is included in any report on Form 6-K, Form 40-F,
Form 20-F, Form 10-K, Form 10-Q or Form 8-K (or any respective successor form)
that is filed with or furnished to the SEC after the date of the Prospectus,
such document or information shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference as
an exhibit to the registration statement of which the Prospectus forms a part.
In addition, we may incorporate by reference into the Prospectus, or the
registration statement of which it forms a part, other information from
documents that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
Exchange Act
), if and to the extent expressly provided therein.
Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed
to be incorporated by reference herein will be deemed to be modified or
superseded for the purposes of the Prospectus to the extent that a statement
contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document that is also
incorporated or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or
supersedes such statement. The modifying or superseding statement need not state
that it has modified or superseded a prior statement or include any other
information set forth in the document that it modifies or supersedes. The making
of a modifying or superseding statement will not be deemed an admission for any
purpose that the modified or superseded statement, when made, constituted a
misrepresentation, an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to
state a material fact that is required to be stated or that is necessary to make
a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances in which it was made.
Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so
modified or superseded, to constitute a part of the Prospectus.
All information permitted under applicable securities
legislation to be omitted from the Prospectus will be contained in one or more
Prospectus Supplements that will be delivered to purchasers together with the
Prospectus, except in cases where an exemption from such delivery requirements
has been obtained. A Prospectus Supplement containing the specific terms of an
offering of Securities will be delivered to purchasers of such Securities
together with this Prospectus and will be deemed to be incorporated by reference
into this Prospectus as of the date of such Prospectus Supplement, but only for
the purposes of the offering of Securities covered by that Prospectus
Supplement. Investors should read the Prospectus and any applicable Prospectus
Supplement carefully before investing in the Companys Securities.
Any template version of any marketing materials (as such term
is defined in NI 44-101) filed after the date of a Prospectus Supplement and
before the termination of the distribution of the Securities offered pursuant to
such Prospectus Supplement (together with this Prospectus) is deemed to be
incorporated by reference in such Prospectus Supplement.
Upon a new annual information form and related annual financial
statements being filed by us with, and where required, accepted by, the
applicable securities regulatory authority during the currency of this
Prospectus, the previous annual information form, the previous annual financial
statements and all interim financial statements, material change reports and
information circulars and all Prospectus Supplements filed prior to the
commencement of our financial year in which a new annual information form is
filed shall be deemed no longer to be incorporated into this Prospectus for
purposes of future offers and sales of Securities hereunder.
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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
The Prospectus, including the documents incorporated by
reference, contain forward-looking statements and forward-looking information
(collectively referred to as
forward-looking statements
) which may not
be based on historical fact, including without limitation statements regarding
our expectations in respect of future financial position, business strategy,
future production, reserve potential, exploration drilling, exploitation
activities, events or developments that we expect to take place in the future,
projected costs and plans and objectives. Often, but not
always, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of the words
believes, may, plan, will, estimate, scheduled, continue,
anticipates, intends, expects, and similar expressions.
Such statements reflect our managements current views with
respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties and are
necessarily based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that, while
considered reasonable by the Company, are inherently subject to significant
business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties and
contingencies. Many factors could cause our actual results, performance or
achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or
achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking
statements, including, among others:
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the value of its reserves and our outlook for profitable
mining from its operations is dependent on gold prices continuing to be
around US$1,250 and on us achieving our planned production rates and
life-of-mine all-in sustaining costs per ounce of gold sold. Gold prices
are driven by many factors including industrial demand and jewellery use,
but gold also has speculative investment demand and so prices have been
historically volatile and can be subject to long periods of depressed
prices;
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the estimation of mineral resources and reserves is, to a
significant degree, a subjective process, the accuracy of which is a
function of the quantity and quality of available data and the assumptions
made in the engineering and geological interpretation of that data and
such assumptions and judgment, may prove mistaken. The Companys estimates
of resources and reserves may be subject to revision based on various
factors, some of which are beyond our control, for example due to natural
variations in underground structures and future gold price fluctuations;
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other mining risks which affect all companies in the
industry to various degrees include impact and cost of compliance with
environmental regulations and the actions of groups opposed to mining,
adverse changes in mining and reclamation laws and compliance with
increasingly complex worker health and safety rules; and
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other risks which are detailed in our annual information
forms, annual reports, MD&A, quarterly reports and material change
reports filed with and furnished to securities regulators, and those risks
which are discussed herein under the heading
Risk Factors
.
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Such information is included,
among other places, in the Prospectus under the headings The Company, Use of
Proceeds, Risk Factors, in our 2016 AIF under the headings Description of
Business and Risk Factors and in our 2016 Annual MD&A, each of which
documents are incorporated by reference into this Prospectus.
Should one or more of these risks and uncertainties
materialize, or should underlying factors or assumptions prove incorrect, actual
results may vary materially from those described in the forward-looking
statements. Material factors or assumptions involved in developing
forward-looking statements include, without limitation, that:
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that the price of gold over the next several years will
not fall significantly below US$1,250 per ounce for a prolonged period of
time;
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that there will be no significant changes to Ghanas
mining, environmental or tax laws, or the imposition of exchange and
export controls in Ghana that materially adversely affect the
Companys operations or changes in laws or policy that could
affect title to its Asanko Gold Mine or restrict a change of control of the
Company;
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- 4 -
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that no significant impediments develop in respect of the
Companys ability to comply with environmental, safety and other
regulatory requirements;
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that any further material upheavals in world financial
markets will not be prolonged and that interest and exchange rates will
remain relatively low and stable, respectively; and
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that key personnel will continue their employment with
the Company.
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These factors should be considered carefully and readers are
cautioned to appreciate the inherent limitations of forward-looking statements.
Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list of risk factors is not exhaustive
and it is recommended that prospective investors consult the more complete
discussion of risks and uncertainties facing the Company included in the
Prospectus. See
Risk Factors
for a more detailed discussion of these
risks.
Although we believe that the expectations conveyed by the
forward-looking statements are reasonable based on the information available to
us on the date such statements were made, no assurances can be given as to
future results, approvals or achievements. The forward-looking statements
contained in the Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein
are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement. We cannot be responsible
to update any of our forward-looking statements after the date of the Prospectus
to conform such statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations
except in the limited circumstances required by applicable law.
GLOSSARY OF CERTAIN TECHNICAL TERMS
This Prospectus uses the certain technical terms presented
below as they are defined in accordance with the CIM Definition Standards on
Mineral Resources and Reserves (the
2014 CIM Definition Standards
)
adopted by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (the
CIM Council
). Unless otherwise indicated, all reserve and resource
estimates contained in or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus have been
prepared in accordance with the CIM Standards, as required by Canadian National
Instrument 43-101. The following definitions are reproduced from the latest
version of the CIM Standards, which were adopted by the CIM Council on May 10,
2014:
feasibility study
|
A comprehensive technical and economic study of the
selected development option for a mineral project that includes
appropriately detailed assessments of applicable modifying factors
together with any other relevant operational factors and detailed
financial analysis that are necessary to demonstrate, at the time of
reporting, that extraction is reasonably justified (economically
mineable). The results of the study may reasonably serve as the basis for
a final decision by a proponent or financial institution to proceed with,
or finance, the development of the project. The confidence level of the
study will be higher than that of a pre-feasibility study. The Company
uses the term 12/17 DFS to describe its current definitive feasibility
study.
|
indicated mineral
resource
|
That part of a mineral resource for which quantity, grade
or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics are estimated
with sufficient confidence to allow the application of modifying factors
in sufficient detail to support mine planning and evaluation of the
economic viability of the deposit. Geological evidence is derived from
adequately detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing and is
sufficient to assume geological and grade or quality continuity between
points of observation. An indicated mineral resource has a lower level of
confidence than that applying to a measured mineral resource and may only
be converted to a probable mineral reserve.
|
- 5 -
inferred mineral
resource
|
That part of a mineral resource for which quantity and
grade or quality are estimated on the basis of limited geological evidence
and sampling. Geological evidence is sufficient to imply but not verify
geological and grade or quality continuity. An Inferred Mineral Resource
has a lower level of confidence than that applying to an Indicated Mineral
Resource and may not be converted to a Mineral Reserve. It is reasonably
expected that the majority of Inferred Mineral Resources could be upgraded
to Indicated Mineral Resources with continued exploration.
|
measured mineral
resource
|
That part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade
or quality, densities, shape, and physical characteristics are estimated
with confidence sufficient to allow the application of Modifying Factors
to support detailed mine planning and final evaluation of the economic
viability of the deposit. Geological evidence is derived from detailed and
reliable exploration, sampling and testing and is sufficient to confirm
geological and grade or quality continuity between points of observation.
A Measured Mineral Resource has a higher level of confidence than that
applying to either an Indicated Mineral Resource or an Inferred Mineral
Resource. It may be converted to a Proven Mineral Reserve or to a Probable
Mineral Reserve.
|
mineral reserve
|
The economically mineable part of a Measured and/or
Indicated Mineral Resource. It includes diluting materials and allowances
for losses, which may occur when the material is mined or extracted and is
defined by studies at Pre- Feasibility or Feasibility level as appropriate
that include application of Modifying Factors. Such studies demonstrate
that, at the time of reporting, extraction could reasonably be justified.
The reference point at which Mineral Reserves are defined, usually the
point where the ore is delivered to the processing plant, must be stated.
It is important that, in all situations where the reference point is
different, such as for a saleable product, a clarifying statement is
included to ensure that the reader is fully informed as to what is being
reported. The public disclosure of a Mineral Reserve must be demonstrated
by a Pre-Feasibility Study or Feasibility Study.
|
mineral resource
|
A concentration or occurrence of solid material of
economic interest in or on the Earths crust in such form, grade or
quality and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade or quality, continuity
and other geological characteristics of a Mineral Resource are known,
estimated or interpreted from specific geological evidence and knowledge,
including sampling.
|
modifying factors
|
Considerations used to convert Mineral Resources to
Mineral Reserves. These include, but are not restricted to, mining,
processing, metallurgical, infrastructure, economic, marketing, legal,
environmental, social and governmental factors.
|
- 6 -
pre-feasibility study
|
A comprehensive study of a range of options for the
technical and economic viability of a mineral project that has advanced to
a stage where a preferred mining method, in the case of underground
mining, or the pit configuration, in the case of an open pit, is
established and an effective method of mineral processing is determined.
It includes a financial analysis based on reasonable assumptions on the
Modifying Factors and the evaluation of any other relevant factors which
are sufficient for a Qualified Person, acting reasonably, to determine if
all or part of the Mineral Resource may be converted to a Mineral Reserve
at the time of reporting. A Pre-Feasibility Study is at a lower confidence
level than a Feasibility Study.
|
probable mineral
reserve
|
The economically mineable part of an Indicated, and in
some circumstances, a Measured Mineral Resource. The confidence in the
Modifying Factors applying to a Probable Mineral Reserve is lower than
that applying to a Proven Mineral Reserve.
|
proven mineral
reserve
|
The economically mineable part of a Measured Mineral
Resource. A Proven Mineral Reserve implies a high degree of confidence in
the Modifying Factors.
|
In addition, we use the following
defined terms in this Prospectus:
AGM
|
Our principal asset, the Asanko Gold Mine located in
Ghana, West Africa. The AGM may also be referred to as the
Project
|
AISC/oz (all-in
sustaining
cost
per
ounce of gold)
|
This is a non-GAAP financial measurement which the
Company has adopted using World Gold Council's guidance for calculation of
this number. AISC include total cash costs, corporate overhead expenses,
sustaining capital expenditure, capitalized stripping costs and
reclamation cost accretion for each ounce of gold sold. AISC is intended
to assist the comparability of the Companys operations with those of
other gold producers who disclose operating results using the same or
similar guidance standards.
|
Au
|
Chemical symbol for gold
|
brownfields
|
A reference to a mining project situated in an existing
mining area with the result that environmental approval procedures are
generally expedited (as contrasted with a greenfields project which is a
mine proposed for a previously non-mining area or an altogether
undisturbed area.
|
Carbon-in-leach
process or
CIL
|
a process used to recover dissolved gold inside a cyanide
leach circuit. Coarse activated carbon particles are introduced in the
leaching circuit and are moved counter-current to the slurry, absorbing
dissolved gold in solution as they pass through the circuit. Loaded carbon
is removed from the slurry by screening. Gold is recovered from the loaded
carbon by stripping in a caustic cyanide solution followed by
electrolysis. CIL is a process similar to CIP (carbon-in- pulp) except
that the gold leaching and the gold absorption are done simultaneously in
the same stage compared with CIP where the gold-absorption stage follows
the gold-leaching stage.
|
- 7 -
concentrate
|
a product containing the valuable metal and from which
most of the waste material in the ore has been eliminated.
|
contained ounces
|
means ounces in the mineralized rock without reduction
due to mining loss or processing loss.
|
cut-off grade
|
the lowest grade of mineralized material considered
economic; used in the estimation of mineral reserves in a given deposit.
|
depletion
|
the decrease in quantity of mineral reserves in a deposit
or property resulting from extraction or production during a particular
period.
|
DFS and 12/17 DFS
|
The Definitive Feasibility Study technical report for
the Asanko Gold Mine originally filed on SEDAR on July 18, 2017, which was
subsequently amended and restated on December 20, 2017 (the latter version
is herein the
12/17
DFS
).
|
dilution
|
an estimate of the amount of waste or low-grade
mineralized rock which will be mined with the ore as part of normal mining
practices in extracting an ore body.
|
Exchange Act
|
The United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended
|
Ghana
|
The Republic of Ghana
|
g/t Au
|
Reference to ore grade, it means gram of gold per tonne
(1 gm/t is equivalent to one part per million)
|
grade
|
the relative quantity or percentage of metal or mineral
content.
|
IFRS
|
International Financial Reporting Standards.
|
LoM
|
Life of mine
|
Mt
|
Million tonnes
|
Mtpa
|
Mt per annum
|
NI 43-101
|
Canadian National Instrument 43-101 -
Standards of
Disclosure for Mineral
Projects
, as adopted by the Canadian
Securities Administrators
|
NYSE American
|
NYSE American Stock Exchange
|
ounce
|
refers to one troy ounce, which is equal to 31.1035 grams
|
Project
|
the Asanko Gold Mine, also known as the
AGM
|
Project 5M or P5M
|
Project 5M (or P5M) is a two-stage planned upgrade to
the AGM with first stage being the upgrade of the CIL plants throughput
to 5Mtpa and the second stage to expand mining operations to integrate the
Esaase deposit, including the construction of a 27-kilometer overland ore
conveyor. Stage one has an estimated capital cost of US$22 million and the
stage two cost is estimated at US$128 million.
|
- 8 -
Project 10M
or P10M
|
Project 10M (or P10M) means a future expansion project
of the AGM which has the potential to increase production from about
200,000 ounces per annum to over 450,000 ounces per annum. Project 10M
requires the construction of an additional 5Mtpa CIL plant to double
throughput from 5Mtpa to 10Mtpa at an estimated cost of some US$200
million.
|
qualified person
|
an individual who is an engineer or geoscientist with a
university degree, or equivalent accreditation, in an area of geosciences,
or engineering, relating to mineral exploration or mining who has at least
five years of experience in mineral exploration, mine development or
operation, or mineral project assessment, or any combination of these,
that is relevant to his or her professional degree or area of practice,
and who has experience relevant to the subject matter of the mineral
project or technical report, and who is in good standing with a
professional association, as more fully referenced in NI 43-101
|
RC
|
reversed circulation (a method of drilling)
|
recovery
|
the proportion of valuable material obtained during
mining or processing. Generally expressed as a percentage of the material
recovered compared to the total material present
|
SAG
|
semi-autogenous grinding (ore is tumbled to smash against
itself)
|
SEDAR
|
System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval
available on the Internet at www.sedar.com, (the Canadian securities
regulatory filings website)
|
SEC
|
The United States Securities and Exchange Commission
|
stripping
|
in mining, the process of removing overburden or waste
rock to expose ore
|
tailings
|
the material that remains after metals or minerals
considered economic have been removed from ore during processing
|
Tailings Storage
Facility
or
TSF
|
a containment area used to deposit tailings from milling
|
tonne
|
Is commonly referred to as the metric ton in the United
States, is a metric unit of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms; it is
equivalent to approximately 2,204.6 pounds, 1.102 short tons (US) or 0.984
long tons (imperial).
|
TSX
|
Toronto Stock Exchange
|
U.S. Securities
Act
|
The United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended
|
- 9 -
CAUTIONARY NOTE TO UNITED STATES INVESTORS REGARDING
ESTIMATES OF
RESERVES AND MEASURED, INDICATED AND INFERRED RESOURCES
This Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference
herein have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Canadian
provincial securities laws, which differ from the requirements of U.S.
securities laws. Unless otherwise indicated, all reserve and resource estimates
included or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus have been prepared in
accordance with NI 43-101 and CIM Standards. NI 43-101 is a rule developed by
the Canadian Securities Administrators that establishes standards for all public
disclosure an issuer makes of scientific and technical information concerning
mineral projects.
The Prospectus includes mineral reserve estimates that have
been calculated in accordance with NI 43-101 and CIM Standards, as required by
Canadian securities regulatory authorities. The terms mineral reserve, proven
mineral reserve and probable mineral reserve are Canadian mining terms as
defined in accordance with NI 43-101 and CIM standards. These definitions differ
from the definitions adopted by the SEC in the SECs Industry Guide 7.
In addition, the Prospectus uses the terms measured mineral
resources, indicated mineral resources and inferred mineral resources to
comply with the reporting standards in Canada. We advise investors that while
those terms are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, these terms are
not defined terms under SEC Industry Guide 7, are not recognized by the SEC and
are normally not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements
filed with the SEC. Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all
of the mineral deposits in these categories will ever be converted into either
NI 43-101 or SEC defined mineral reserves. These terms have a great amount of
uncertainty as to their existence, and great uncertainty as to their economic
and legal feasibility.
Further, inferred resources have a great amount of uncertainty
as to their existence and as to whether they can be mined legally or
economically. Therefore, investors are also cautioned not to assume that all or
any part of the inferred resources exist. In accordance with Canadian rules,
estimates of inferred mineral resources cannot form the basis of feasibility
or other economic studies, except in rare cases.
It cannot be assumed that all or any part of measured mineral
resources, indicated mineral resources, or inferred mineral resources will ever
be upgraded to a higher category. Investors are cautioned not to assume that any
part of the reported measured mineral resources, indicated mineral resources, or
inferred mineral resources in the Prospectus is economically or legally
mineable.
Disclosure of contained ounces in a resource is permitted
disclosure under Canadian regulations; however, the SEC normally only permits
issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute reserves by SEC
Industry Guide 7 standards as in place tonnage and grade without reference to
unit measures.
For the above reasons, information contained in the Prospectus
and the documents incorporated by reference herein containing descriptions of
the Companys mineral deposits may not be comparable to similar information made
public by U.S. companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements
under the United States federal securities laws and the rules and regulations
thereunder.
NOTE TO UNITED STATES READERS REGARDING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
UNITED
STATES AND CANADIAN FINANCIAL REPORTING PRACTICES
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with IFRS, as
issued by the IASB, which differs from U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles (
U.S. GAAP
). Accordingly, our financial statements incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, and in the
documents incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, may not be comparable to
financial statements of United States companies prepared in accordance with U.S.
GAAP.
- 10 -
CURRENCY PRESENTATION AND EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION
Unless stated otherwise or as the context otherwise requires,
all references to dollar amounts in this Prospectus and any Prospectus
Supplement are references to United States dollars (US dollars). References to
C$ are to Canadian dollars and references to $ are to US dollars.
Except as otherwise noted in our 2016 AIF and the Companys
financial statements and related managements discussion and analysis of
financial condition and results of operations of the Company that are
incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, the financial information
contained in such documents is expressed in US dollars. The Company operates in
Ghana, which has as its national currency the Ghanaian Cedi. However, a large
proportion of supplies and services available in Ghana are priced in US dollars.
Exchange rates between US dollars and Ghanaian Cedi follow below the Canadian:
US dollars exchange table.
The high, low, average and closing noon rates for the US dollar
in terms of Canadian dollars for each of the financial periods of the Company
ended September 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2015, as quoted by
the Bank of Canada, were as follows:
|
|
Nine months ended
|
|
|
Year ended
December
|
|
|
Year ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2017
|
|
|
31, 2016
|
|
|
December 31, 2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(expressed in
Canadian dollars)
|
|
High
|
|
1.3743
|
|
|
1.4589
|
|
|
1.3990
|
|
Low
|
|
1.2128
|
|
|
1.2544
|
|
|
1.1728
|
|
Average
|
|
1.3074
|
|
|
1.3248
|
|
|
1.2787
|
|
Closing
|
|
1.2480
|
|
|
1.3427
|
|
|
1.3840
|
|
On December 27, 2017, the exchange rate for the US dollar
in terms of Canadian dollars, as quoted by the Bank of Canada, was $1.00 =
C$1.2641.
The high, low, average and closing noon rates for the Ghanaian
Cedi in terms of US dollars for each of the financial periods of the Company
ended September 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2015, as quoted by
the Bank of Canada, were as follows:
|
|
Nine months ended
|
|
|
Year ended
December
|
|
|
Year ended
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2017
|
|
|
31, 2016
|
|
|
December 31, 2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(expressed in US
dollars)
|
|
High
|
|
0.2402
|
|
|
0.2644
|
|
|
0.3125
|
|
Low
|
|
0.2172
|
|
|
0.2381
|
|
|
0.2306
|
|
Average
|
|
0.2303
|
|
|
0.2557
|
|
|
0.2692
|
|
Closing
|
|
0.2276
|
|
|
0.2381
|
|
|
0.2635
|
|
On December 27, 2017, the exchange rate for the Ghanaian
Cedi in terms of US dollars, as quoted by the Bank of Canada, was cedi 1.00 =
$0.2208.
- 11 -
THE COMPANY
Asanko is a Canadian-incorporated gold miner with a single mine
operation in the Republic of Ghana. The Companys primary asset is the AGM
located in Ghana, West Africa. The mine has been commercially operating since
2016 and is planned to be expanded in two phases. The construction of the
current mine, which includes a 3Mtpa CIL processing facility and associated
infrastructure, was completed in early 2016 within budget and ahead of schedule.
Gold production commenced in January, 2016, with commercial production status
declared on April 1, 2016. The base AGM operation reached steady-state
production levels by the end of the second quarter of 2016 and has operated at
processing rates of 20% above design since achieving steady-state. Gold
production is expected to be about 205,000-225,000 ounces for calendar 2017.
Asanko has developed plans for two production expansions, which
combined have the potential to increase production to about 450,000 ounces per
annum. These projects are named with reference to their projected throughput of
ore so that Project 5M will upgrade the existing CIL plants throughput from
3.6Mtpa to 5Mtpa. The first stage of Project 5M, the brownfield modifications
and upgrades to the CIL processing plant to increase throughput to 5Mtpa, was
approved in November 2016 and is in process. The Company has completed the
volumetric upgrades to the plant under budget and ahead of schedule. The second
stage of Project 5M includes the construction of a 27km overland conveyor to
integrate the nearby Esaase deposit, which, along with the development of the
Esaase deposit, is estimated to have a total capital cost of $128 million. The
decision to proceed with the second stage of P5M has been deferred until
2018.
A second planned expansion project, known as Project 10M,
comprises the construction of an additional 5Mtpa CIL ore processing plant in
order to double plant capacity from 5Mtpa to 10Mtpa. The timing of the second
stage of Project 5M or Project 10M will be at the Boards discretion and is also
dependent on the Companys balance sheet, financing opportunities as well as
favourable market conditions. These two expansion projects were originally
analyzed in a technical report called
Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report
with an
effective date of June 5, 2017. This report was amended and restated to clarify
certain of its contents and filed on SEDAR on December 27, 2017. (the amended
version being herein the
12/17 DFS
). The 12/17 DFS is the primary
source for the current technical information referenced in this Prospectus.
Corporate Group Structure Planned Simplification
The Company is in the process of implementing a reorganization
of its corporate group structure which has existed since its acquisition of the
previously publicly traded PMI Gold Corp in 2014. The simplification will not
have material tax or financial consequences to shareholders but is expected to
result in some cost savings through elimination of redundant corporate entities
and a more efficient structure. The reorganization is expected to be completed
in Q1 2018 and is subject to approval by the government of Ghana. Before, that
is, as of the date hereof, (right-hand side) and after (left-hand side) Asanko
corporate group organization charts are expected to be as follows:
- 12 -
Figure 1 Asanko Corporate Group and its Planned Simplification
THE ASANKO GOLD MINE
Current Technical Report- the 12/17 DFS
Subsequent to the filing of the Companys 2016 AIF on March 16,
2017, the Company filed its DFS on July 18, 2017. The DFS was amended and
restated on December 20, 2017 (the
12/17 DFS
) to revise and clarify
some of the contents of the original DFS. This Prospectus incorporates by
reference disclosure from both the 2016 AIF and the 12/17 DFS, however the
narrative in this Prospectus focuses on highlighting matters which have been
revised or refined since the 2016 AIF through to the filing of the 12/17
DFS.
The summary disclosure herein about the AGM is supported by the
12/17 DFS and is qualified by reference to the entire 12/17 DFS. Readers seeking
details beyond the summarized information contained in this Prospectus and the
2016 AIF, are encouraged to review the full 12/17 DFS filed under the Companys
profile at www.sedar.com on December 27, 2017.
Project Description and Location
The AGM (or
Project
) comprises two mining concessions,
seven mining leases and a number of prospecting licenses aggregating some 679
sq. km over a 30km strike-length in the Asankrangwa Gold Belt in Ghana. This gold belt lies within the Amansie West
District of the Ashanti Region of Ghana, as illustrated in the map below. The
leases, licenses and the two mining concessions (Obotan and Esaase) are all
owned 100% by Asanko Gold Ghana Limited (
Asanko Gold Ghana
) which is a
100% indirectly owned Ghanaian subsidiary. Ownership of mineral interests in
Ghana are subject to a 10% free carried interest (described further below) in
favour of the Government of Ghana.
- 13 -
Figure 2 Asanko Gold Mine Location
The following map shows the location of the various mining
tenements comprising the AGM along with the proposed route of the P5M (Stage 2)
ore conveyor:
- 14 -
Figure 3 AGM Concessions and Leases
The Company s mining leases are summarized in the table below.
The mining lease concessions cover an area of approximately 213.2 km.
Asanko Gold Mine Mining Licenses
Tenement
name
|
Licence
Category
|
100% owned
title
holder
|
Minerals
Commission
|
Status of licence
|
Area
Km²
|
Datano
|
Mining Lease
|
Asanko Gold Ghana 100%
|
PL 6/32/Vol 3
|
Valid-ML renewal
|
53.78
|
Abore
|
Mining Lease
|
Asanko Gold Ghana 100%
|
PL 6/303
|
Valid-ML received
|
28.47
|
Abirem
|
Mining Lease
|
Asanko Gold Ghana 100%
|
PL 6/303
|
Valid-ML received
|
47.13
|
Adubea
|
Mining Lease
|
Asanko Gold Ghana 100%
|
PL 6/310
|
Valid-ML received
|
13.38
|
Esaase
|
Mining Lease
|
Asanko Gold Ghana 100%
|
PL 6/8/Vol.8
|
Valid-ML received
|
27.03
|
Jeni River
|
Mining Lease
|
Asanko Gold Ghana 100%
|
RL 6/21
|
Valid
|
43.41
|
Miradani
|
Mining Lease
|
Asanko Gold Ghana 100%
|
PL 6/22
|
Valid
|
14.98
|
- 15 -
The Obotan, Esaase, Abore, Abirem, Datano, Jenni River and
Adubea Mining Leases contain all of the mineral resources defined to date. All
other concessions held by the Company in the area contain exploration potential
defined to date and in some instances locations for infrastructure. The Ghana
Environmental Protection Agency (
EPA
) grants permits on a perennial
basis to conduct exploration. The Company believes that all permitting is up to
date with governmental permitting requirements and in good standing.
All Ghanaian concessions are subject to a 10% free carried
interest in favour of the Ghanaian government. The government interest is
reflected in an entitlement based on 10% of profits available for dividend
distributions in the Companys operating subsidiary (Asanko Gold Ghana Limited).
The free-carried interest does not entitle or obligate the government to
contribute any capital. The Ghanaian government receives its 10% only when
dividends are declared by Asanko Gold Ghana, although the Company recognizes the
Ghanaian government`s 10% entitlement on an ongoing basis. The leases are also
subject to a 5% royalty payable to the Government of Ghana. The Adubea
concession is also subject to an additional 0.5% gross revenue royalty to a
predecessor owner, as is the Esaase mining lease. There is also a 35% income tax
rate on taxable income earned in Ghana. Changes of control in the owners of
mining rights in Ghana are subject to Ghanaian government approval.
Accessibility, Climate, Infrastructure and Physiography
The AGM concessions and leases are located approximately 250 km
northwest of the capital Accra, and about 50 km to 80 km southwest of the
regional capital of Kumasi. There are several local villages near the AGM
project areas, with the villages of Tetrem and Esaase being in close proximity
to the Esaase deposit. Mining personnel are readily available in Ghana, due to
its long tradition of gold mining, with a highly skilled workforce and numerous
mining operations in the country. Gold accounts for some 48% of Ghanaian
exports. Several other gold mining companies operate there.
There are daily flights from Accra to Kumasi flown by several
airlines. In addition, there is an airstrip located adjacent to the Obatan
project site west of the Nkran village, which is used by the AGM to transport
staff and critical service providers to and from Accra on bi-weekly return
trips. Existing road access to the site is available from the west, south and
east, but the main access used will be from the ports of Tema and Takoradi to
the south via Kumasi, or Obuasi. The total distance from Tema to the project
site, via Kumasi is approximately 400 km.
- 16 -
The AGM is located in hilly terrain dissected by broad, flat
drainages that typically form swamps in the wet season between May and late
October. Hill tops are generally at very similar elevations, reflecting the
elevation of a previous erosional peneplane that is now extensively eroded.
Maximum elevations are around 80m above sea level, but the areas impacted by the
AGM deposits generally lie at less than 50m elevation. Despite the subdued
topography, hill slopes are typically steep. Ecologically the AGM area is
situated in the wet evergreen forest zone.
History
There have been no updates to the history of the Project since
the 2016 AIF
.
The project lies on the Asankrangwa Gold Belt and
much of the Project area has seen historical workings from artisanal miners.
There are 9 known deposits comprising the AGM located in 11 pits (see Fig 3).
The Nkran area in particular has a history of artisanal gold mining that dates
back many generations and remains quite extensive to the present day. In the
late 1980s, Nkran attracted the attention of explorers and by early 1995
resource estimates were being reported. Resolute Mining Limited (Resolute)
started initial mining at Nkran in 1997 and by May 1997, the first gold was
poured. Resolute reportedly produced about 730,000 ounces before closing the
mine. Mining operations ceased in 2002 due to low gold prices and the
concessions were reclaimed and returned to the Government of Ghana.
The Abore area was covered in a prospecting concession granted
to the Oda River Gold small-scale mining licence (Asuadai prospect) at Adubea in
1991. Early artisanal pits focused mainly on narrow quartz veins associated with
the stock work system. Extensive drilling in the area (mainly RC, but
considerable diamond drilling as well) has outlined a sizeable resource (now
known as the Abore north prospect). In early 2001, an agreement was reached with
Resolute whereby ore was trucked from Abore north to the Resolute plant for
treatment.
During the late 1990s, the Resolute plant started to process
oxide ores from the Adubiaso gold deposit, located about 7.5 km north-north-west
of Nkran. There were no known historical workings on this area. The Asuadai
prospect has predominantly been worked by local artisanal miners who have
undertaken minor pitting in the region down to 5m to 10m through the oxide
material in order to expose these stock work vein sets. There were no known
formal historical mining workings on this area. There was no historical
exploration or mining activity known at Dynamite Hill.
Predecessors had reportedly recovered an estimated 200,000 oz
of alluvial gold on the Esaase concession and another 300,000 oz downstream on
the Jeni River concession, prior to entering into receivership in 2002. It
should be noted that previous gold production is of no relevance to the
Companys mine development program, which is entirely focused on the development
of in-situ (hard rock) resources.
Geological Setting, Mineralization and Deposit Types
The Project is located in one of several gold belts known in
Ghana. A detailed technical discussion of the regional geological setting can be
found in the 12/17 DFS. The figures below summarize regional gold occurrences.
- 17 -
A discussion of the significant mineralized zones encountered
on the Project, surrounding rock types and relevant geological controls, and the
length, width, depth and continuity of the mineralization together with a
description of the type, character and distribution of the mineralization as
well as the mineral deposit type or geological model or concepts being applied
are all reviewed in the 2016 AIF and the 12/17 DFS.
AGM Gold Deposits
The AGM or Project is a collective term for the significant
Nkran and Esaase gold deposits plus nine other satellite deposits. These are all
located on the Asankrangwa Belt within the Kumasi Basin sediments. AGM
mineralization is hosted along multiple parallel shear corridors, which is
typical of other Ghanaian gold deposits. A majority of deposits are sediment or
intrusive hosted. One deposit, Nkran, was previously exploited by Resolute
(1997-2001). The Nkran pit was dewatered and reopened by the Company in 2015-
2016.
Although each gold occurrence within the AGM has its own
idiosyncrasies, geological and geophysical studies have advanced a similar mine
scale setting for all the deposits discovered to date. There is an underlying
structural relationship between reactivated WNW basement structures and the
dominant NE-SW shears that have juxtaposed the sandstone, siltstone and lesser
shale meta-sedimentary packages, coupled by N-S structures that may control
flexures in the steeply dipping sediments.
Gold mineralisation has occurred at least twice at two or more
distinct deformational events. Gold occurs largely as free particles. It is
deposited in economic concentrations predominantly around zones of rheological
contrast between sandstone (porous) and siltstone facies (non-porous) that are
commonly subvertical shear zones, as well as in late, shallow dipping conjugate
quartz vein arrays that transgress rheologically contrasting meta-sedimentary
units and the later granite intrusives.
The Project deposits are all located along major shear zones
with cross- cutting faults. The mineralisation is directly related to the
structural setting and specific lithological units. Delineated geological models
based on lithological- structural interpretations form the
basis for the MRE. Lower grade background lithologies host higher grade veins,
and the individual mineralisation boundaries of these high-grade veins can be
difficult to define.
- 18 -
Previous Exploration
The nature and extent of the exploration work conducted by the
Company, including a summary and interpretation of the relevant results, is
contained in the 12/17 DFS. The work formed the basis for the decision in 2014
to proceed to commercial production which was achieved in 2016. Ongoing
exploration is discussed below under Planned Exploration.
Drilling
In excess of 1,200 km of drilling has been effected on the
various deposits on the AGM property. This drilling included some 651 diamond
drill holes over 151,686 meters, 2,567 reverse circulation drill holes over
248,570 meters, and 105,931 rotary air blast drilling, over some 727,289 meters,
as summarized in the table below. The results of this drilling are discussed in
detail in the 12/17 DFS on an area by area basis.
Sampling, Analysis and Data Verification
The Companys sampling and assaying including sample
preparation methods and quality control measures employed before they are sent
to an analytical or testing laboratory, the security measures taken to ensure the validity and integrity of samples taken, assaying
and analytical procedures used and quality control measures and data
verification procedures, as well as their results are discussed in detail in the
12/17 DFS, which does not materially change any disclosure from the 2016 AIF.
The Company and its QPs consider the data collection and verification procedures
used to represent good industry practice.
- 19 -
Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing
The Company conducted extensive testing of mineral processing
and metallurgical testing before construction of the AGM. These tests and the
process flow diagram are detailed in the 12/17 DFS which does not materially
vary from disclosures in the 2016 AIF. The Companys experience from over 18
months of commercial operations is that the predicted gold recoveries of over
94% are being consistently realized (see operating results table for the nine
months to September 30, 2017 below).
Mineral Resource Estimates
The Companys mineral resource estimates for the AGM includes
resources estimated at each of the Nkran, Adubiaso, Adubiaso Extension, Nkran
Extension, Abore, Dynamite Hill, Asuadai, Akwasiso, Esaase Main, Esaase B and
Esaase D deposits.
The mineral resources and mineral reserves, the effective date
of the estimates, the quantity and grade or quality of each category of mineral
resources and mineral reserves, the key assumptions, parameters, and methods
used to estimate the mineral resources and mineral reserves, the extent to which
the estimate of mineral resources and mineral reserves may be materially
affected by metallurgical, environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation,
socio-economic, marketing, political, and other relevant issues are all
discussed in the 12/17 DFS. The 12/17 DFS reflects some changes to these factors
from the 2016 AIF, which are discussed below.
The principal change from the resources reported in the 2016
AIF is that during 2017 the Company augmented its mineral resource disclosure to
calculate mineral resources using a lowered constraining gold price of $1,500/oz
as opposed to the previously used $2,000/oz constraining price. As a result of
using the $1,500/oz constraining price the Companys aggregate measured and
indicated mineral resource estimate decreased 12% but mineral reserves estimates
remained unchanged from the 2016 AIF (101 million tonnes at an average grade of
1.57 g/t resulting in 5.1 million ounces of contained gold, based on a $1,300/oz
gold price.) The AGM mineral reserves, which are the economically viable portion
within the US$1,500/oz pit shell resources, are estimated at a US$1,300/oz Au
price. Based on the DFS, the AGM mineral reserves support a variable LoM between
21 years, if the Company only processes 5Mtpa (P5M) or 12 years if the Company
decides to double its processing capacity to 10Mtpa (P10M).
In summary, with respect to the AGM mineral resource and
reserve disclosures, it should be noted that:
|
|
The Company has adjusted the mineral resource
constraining Au price shell from US$2,000/oz Au to US$1,500/oz Au
|
|
|
|
|
|
All Mineral Resources are stated inclusive of Mineral
Reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
The adoption of a US$1,500/oz Au resource shell does not
impact stated Mineral Reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
Economic evaluation of the AGM is based on Mineral
Reserves, not Mineral Resources
|
- 20 -
|
|
Given that the AGM has between a 12 and 21 year LoM based
on current mineral reserves, US$1,500/oz was deemed by CSA as an
appropriate future gold price for the potential of eventual economic
extraction and best practice Mineral Resource disclosure
|
Cut-off Grade Estimate
The AGM Mineral Resource cut-off grade (0.5 g/t Au) is based on
the actual operating expenditure for the Nkran pit. The operating costs for the
Nkran pit opencast mining from April 2016 (commencement of commercial
production) to the end of May 2017 have been used as a basis of establishing a
pay limit or break-even grade, as set out in the table below. The analysis
indicates a pay limit of 0.45 g/t Au. This supports the application of a cut-off
grade of 0.50 g/t Au for Mineral Resource disclosure. This cut-off has been
deemed appropriately conservative for this purpose and validated by CSA.
- 21 -
Updated Mineral Resource Estimate
The Companys updated MRE as determined in the 12/17 DFS using
a $1,500 pit-shell constraining gold price is summarized in the following
tables:
AGM Measured and
Indicated Resources
|
31
st
December, 2016
(Akwasiso 25
th
April 2017) at a 0.5 g/t Au cut-off within a
US$1,500/oz Au shell
|
Deposit
|
Measured
Resources
|
Indicated
Resources
|
Total
Measured
and
Indicated Resources
|
Mt
|
Au g/t
|
Au
Moz
|
Mt
|
Au g/t
|
Au
Moz
|
Mt
|
Au g/t
|
Au
Moz
|
Esaase Main
|
26.49
|
1.38
|
1.17
|
57.53
|
1.38
|
2.55
|
84.02
|
1.38
|
3.72
|
Nkran Main
|
5.50
|
1.68
|
0.30
|
24.57
|
1.81
|
1.43
|
30.07
|
1.78
|
1.72
|
Akwasiso
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
6.33
|
1.50
|
0.31
|
6.33
|
1.50
|
0.31
|
Abore
|
2.23
|
1.41
|
0.10
|
3.09
|
1.48
|
0.15
|
5.33
|
1.45
|
0.25
|
Dynamite Hill
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
3.41
|
1.48
|
0.16
|
3.41
|
1.48
|
0.16
|
Adubiaso
|
1.38
|
1.89
|
0.08
|
1.35
|
1.72
|
0.07
|
2.73
|
1.8
|
0.16
|
Esaase D
|
0.83
|
1.11
|
0.03
|
1.16
|
1.42
|
0.05
|
2.00
|
1.29
|
0.08
|
Esaase B
|
0.75
|
1.01
|
0.02
|
1.90
|
0.78
|
0.05
|
2.65
|
0.84
|
0.07
|
Asuadai
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1.88
|
1.22
|
0.07
|
1.88
|
1.22
|
0.07
|
Adubiaso Ext
|
0.16
|
1.96
|
0.01
|
0.26
|
1.71
|
0.01
|
0.42
|
1.61
|
0.02
|
Nkran Ext
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.19
|
2.70
|
0.02
|
0.19
|
2.7
|
0.02
|
Total
|
37.34
|
1.43
|
1.72
|
101.67
|
1.49
|
4.87
|
139.01
|
1.47
|
6.59
|
AGM Inferred Resources
|
31 December 2016 (Akwasiso 25
April 2017): 0.5 g/t Au cut-off within a US$1,500/oz Au
Shell
|
Deposit
|
Inferred
|
Mt
|
Au g/t
|
Au oz
|
Au Moz
|
Esaase Main
|
0.09
|
1.08
|
2,812
|
0.003
|
Nkran Main
|
0.31
|
1.86
|
18,319
|
0.018
|
Abore
|
1.28
|
1.61
|
66,084
|
0.066
|
Dynamite Hill
|
0.21
|
1.58
|
10,726
|
0.011
|
Akwasiso
|
0.18
|
0.81
|
4,611
|
0.005
|
Adubiaso
|
0.01
|
1.92
|
364
|
0.000
|
Esaase D
|
1.01
|
1.26
|
40,916
|
0.041
|
Esaase B
|
2.12
|
0.86
|
58,278
|
0.058
|
Asuadai
|
0.63
|
1.75
|
35,115
|
0.035
|
Adubiaso Ext
|
0.14
|
3.10
|
13,741
|
0.014
|
Nkran Ext
|
0.01
|
1.02
|
254
|
0.000
|
Total
|
5.96
|
1.31
|
250,966
|
0.251
|
- 22 -
The following demonstrates the overall impact on the 2016 AIF
MRE which used a $2,000 pit-shell constraining gold price:
Table 1: Asanko Gold Mine Global Mineral Resource Estimate
(MRE)
Constraining
Gold Price
|
Measured
|
Indicated
|
Total
(M&I)
|
Mt
|
g/t Au
|
Moz
|
Mt
|
g/t Au
|
Moz
|
Mt
|
g/t Au
|
Moz
|
$2,000/oz
|
37.4
|
1.42
|
1.70
|
123.0
|
1.46
|
5.79
|
160.4
|
1.45
|
7.49
|
$1,500/oz
|
37.3
|
1.43
|
1.72
|
101.7
|
1.49
|
4.87
|
139.0
|
1.47
|
6.59
|
All pits use a cut-off of 0.5g/t Au. All figures are rounded to
reflect appropriate levels of confidence.
Mineral Reserves Estimates
The Mineral Reserve Estimates (
MRev
) for the AGM is
shown in the table below.
Table 2 Summary of AGM Mineral Reserves
Deposit
|
Classification
|
Tonnage (Mt)
|
Grade (g/t Au)
|
Content (Moz Au)
|
Nkran
|
Proven
|
4.40
|
1.85
|
0.26
|
Probable
|
18.37
|
1.93
|
1.14
|
Total
|
22.77
|
1.91
|
1.40
|
Nkran Ext
|
Proven
|
0.11
|
2.47
|
0.01
|
Probable
|
0.08
|
1.91
|
0.00
|
Total
|
1.19
|
2.24
|
0.01
|
Abore
|
Proven
|
1.59
|
1.44
|
0.07
|
Probable
|
1.60
|
1.53
|
0.08
|
Total
|
3.18
|
1.48
|
0.15
|
Adubiaso
|
Proven
|
1.04
|
2.00
|
0.07
|
Probable
|
1.04
|
1.82
|
0.07
|
Total
|
2.09
|
2.08
|
0.14
|
Adubiaso Ext
|
Proven
|
0.12
|
1.66
|
0.01
|
Probable
|
0.09
|
1.34
|
0.00
|
Total
|
0.21
|
1.53
|
0.01
|
Dynamite Hill
|
Proven
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Probable
|
2.84
|
1.49
|
0.14
|
Total
|
2.84
|
1.49
|
0.14
|
Akwasiso
|
Proven
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Probable
|
4.95
|
1.51
|
0.24
|
Total
|
4.95
|
1.51
|
0.24
|
Asuadai
|
Proven
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Probable
|
1.30
|
1.09
|
0.05
|
Total
|
1.30
|
1.09
|
0.05
|
Total Obotan Reserve
|
Proven
|
7.26
|
1.79
|
0.42
|
Probable
|
30.47
|
1.76
|
1.72
|
Total
|
37.74
|
1.76
|
2.14
|
Esaase
(Main Pit)
|
Proven
|
21.51
|
1.44
|
1.00
|
|
|
|
|
Probable
|
41.05
|
1.47
|
2.94
|
Total
|
62.57
|
1.46
|
2.94
|
Esaase
(B Zone)
|
Proven
|
0.10
|
0.83
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
Probable
|
0.00
|
0.92
|
-
|
Total
|
0.10
|
0.83
|
-
|
Esaase
(D Zone)
|
Proven
|
0.20
|
1.05
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
Probable
|
0.40
|
1.70
|
0.02
|
Total
|
0.60
|
1.56
|
0.03
|
Total AGM
Reserve
|
Proven
|
29.08
|
1.52
|
1.42
|
|
|
|
|
Probable
|
71.92
|
1.59
|
3.68
|
Total
|
101.00
|
1.57
|
5.11
|
Source: 12/17 DFS
- 23 -
The Nkran, Dynamite Hill and Akwasiso deposits have been
estimated using the updated MRE that was prepared by CSA Global (
CSA
)
in 2016. The MRev for Esaase, Abore, Adubiaso, Asuadai, Adubiaso Extension and
Nkran Extension deposits were estimated using the resource model that was
prepared by QP Charles J. Muller (the CJM Esaase MRE). CSA validated the CJM
Esaase MRE. The Mineral Reserves are, generally speaking, the portion of the
Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources that have been identified as being
economically extractable and which incorporate mining losses and the addition of
waste dilution.
The MRev for each of the deposits were developed through an
open pit optimisation analysis utilising industry standard and accepted 3D
Lerchs-Grossmann algorithm to determine the economic pit limits based on
technical, financial and cost inputs. These inputs include unit mining costs,
processing costs, general and administrative costs, and unit revenue estimates.
Pit optimisation technical parameters include pit footprint constraint,
estimates of mining dilution, mining loss, process recovery, and pit overall
slope angles. Pit overall slope angles are derived from geotechnical criteria
adjusted for the expected haulage ramp layout. Only those ore blocks classified
in the Measured and Indicated categories drive the pit optimisation for a
feasibility level study. Inferred resource blocks, regardless of grade and
recovery, bear no economic value and are treated as waste.
- 24 -
The pit optimisation analysis process identified the pit shell
for each of the deposits that should be used as the basis for the open pit
detailed design. The additional Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources that
are outside the limits of these optimised pit shells were not considered for an
underground mining operation. The identified pit-shells resulting from the open
pit optimisation analysis were used in conjunction with the pit slope
recommendations and technical parameters to execute a detailed mine design and
associated mine schedule. Only Measured and Indicated material (modified for
dilution and ore-loss) above the economic cut-off grades are reported as Mineral
Reserves. There are no known modifying factors such as environmental,
permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio-economic, marketing, political or
other such issue which would preclude mining these deposits. Furthermore, the
estimate of Mineral Reserves reflects all material mining, metallurgical,
infrastructure, and other relevant factors.
Reserves for each pit are based on detailed pit designed
informed by $1,300/oz pit shells. Minimum economic cut-off grade for the Esaase
deposit is 0.6g/t Au. All other pits use an economic cut-off grade of 0.5g/t Au
and 0.7g/t Au for oxide and fresh (non-oxide) material, respectively. No
inferred, deposit, or mineralised waste contributes value to the pit
optimisation or is included in the Mineral Reserves. Proven and Probable Mineral
Reserves are modified to include ore-loss and dilution. Reserves exclude Obotan
surface stockpiles (as at 1st April 2011) of 1.95 Mt @ 1.22g/t Au. Mineral
Reserves exclude approximately 10Mt at 0.55g/t Au of very low-grade material in
the measured and indicated categories contained within the Esaase main pit
design.
Mining Operations
The 12/17 DFS details the mining operations, which do not vary
materially from the description in the 2016 AIF.
The AGM comprises 9 known deposits across 11 pits and a single
mill and CIL processing facility. Mining operations have been underway at the
first pit (Nkran) since 2015 and since June, 2017 also at Akwasiso which is 3kms
from the CIL plant. At Akwasiso approximately 20,000 tonnes per month (tpm)
oxides are expected to be mined in Q3 & Q4 2017 with fresh ore commencing H1
2018. The Akwasiso mining contractor is a local Ghanaian contractor, Thonket
Plant Pool Ltd. A third mining operation has now commenced at a third pit,
Dynamite Hill, which is located 7kms from the processing plant. Dynamite Hill
currently mines limited oxide ore and is expected to do so through Q4 2017,
ramping up to 70,000tpm in Q1 2018. This third pit adds flexibility to the AGM
operations. The Dynamite Hill operations are conducted by another local mining
contractor, Rocksure International Limited.
The AGM sources its electrical power from the Ghanaian power
grid and uses conventional open pit, truck and shovel, drill and blast
operations. Vegetation, topsoil and overburden is stripped and stockpiled for
future reclamation use. The ore and waste rock are mined with 6m high benches,
drilled, blasted and loaded into rigid frame haul trucks (94t) by means of
hydraulic excavators (17m
3
). The primary mining fleet of trucks and
excavators is supported by standard open-cut drilling and auxiliary equipment.
Pit support equipment consists of dozers, graders, fuel bowsers, water bowsers,
hydraulic hammer, tractor-loader-backhoe and wheel loaders.
Nkran pit mining operations use a local outside contractor (PW
Mining Ghana) which is currently mining Nkran at rate of some 27-30Mtpa. The
Nkran equipment comprises three Cat 6030 300t excavators, one Cat 6015 200t
excavator and twenty-three Cat 777D trucks.
The CIL processing facility, located near the Nkran pit site is
currently operating at rates in excess of 3.6Mtpa and is expected to ramp up to
the nameplate 5Mtpa post the commissioning of the P5M upgrades. Crushing
capacity has been augmented at the AGM with the inclusion of mobile crushers
optimising feed size of harder rock to the SAG mill in order to
achieve nameplate milling capacity, despite the reduction in oxide ore
availability in 2017. The Company expects to install and commission a permanent
secondary crusher in Q2 2018. Tailings (waste rock after processing) are managed
in a conventional tailings storage facility. The CIL processing plant was
commissioned during Q4 2015 and is achieving gold recoveries in excess of
94%.
- 25 -
The CIL processing plant design is based on a typical
single-stage crushing, SAG and ball milling circuit followed by a CIL plant. The
flow sheet includes a single-stage jaw crusher that can either feed onto a live
stockpile, or directly into an open circuit SAG (complete with pebble crusher)
and ball milling unit in closed circuit with classification cyclones. A gravity
recovery circuit is utilised to treat a portion of the cyclone underflow stream
in order to recover coarse free gold from the recirculating load.
The milled product (cyclone overflow) gravitates to a pre-leach
thickener, via a trash removal screen. Thickener underflow is pumped directly to
a pre- oxidation stage followed by a seven-stage CIL circuit. Leached gold
absorbs onto activated carbon, which flows counter-currently to the gold-bearing
slurry. Loaded carbon is directed to the elution circuit while tailings
gravitate to the cyanide destruction circuit.
Table 3 AGM Operating Statistics Nine Months Ended September
30, 2017
AGM 2017 Production
Statistics
|
Units
|
Q3 2017
|
Q2 2017
|
Q1 2017
|
Total Tonnes Mined
|
000 t
|
8,519
|
7,506
|
6,637
|
Waste Tonnes Mined
|
000 t
|
7,339
|
6,458
|
5,620
|
Ore Tonnes Mined
|
000 t
|
1,180
|
1,048
|
1,017
|
Strip Ratio
|
W:O
|
6.2:1
|
6.2:1
|
5.5:1
|
Average Gold Grade Mined
|
g/t
|
1.8
|
1.5
|
1.8
|
Ore Treated
|
000 t
|
862
|
887
|
908
|
Gold Feed Grade
|
g/t
|
1.9
|
1.7
|
2.0
|
Gold Recovery
|
%
|
94
|
94
|
95
|
Gold Produced
|
oz
|
49,293
|
46,017
|
58,187
|
Source: Company records
2018 Outlook
Once the first stage of P5M is completed, the CIL plant will be
able to process approximately 5Mtpa whereas the Nkran pit is limited to ore
mining rates of approximately 3Mtpa with cyclical ore yields as the various
development cuts are executed. The Nkran operation is currently over half-way
through the Cut 2 pushback. This second cut will continue through 2018 with
exposure of approximately 9mt of ore. Geotechnical redesign of the oxide slopes
(in light of the result of a geotechnical review) has added an additional waste
strip requirement of 4Mt in 2018. The Company also previously announced a 1.2Mt
reduction in the predicted oxide ore tonnes from Akwasiso due to historic
artisanal workings as well as additional granitic rock which is harder to
process (restricting throughput rates due to high Bond Work Index). However,
given that the AGM enjoys multiple (four, currently) ore sources vis-à-vis
Nkran, Akwasiso, Dynamite Hill and the 3Mt on-surface stockpile, aggregate
targeted throughput of 5Mtpa after stage one of the Project 5M expansion is not
expected to be adversely affected.
- 26 -
Akwasiso, where mining operations commenced in June 2017, has
limited oxides. 50% of the fresh rock at Akwasiso appears to be hosted in
granites at a 1.5 g/t average grade, with some higher grade (2 g/t) areas.
Mining at Dynamite Hill ramped up in Q4 2017 and the pit has an estimated 2.8Mt
ore with 500,000t oxides grading an average of 1.5 g/t. Stockpiled feed will be
required to offset the oxides reductions at Akwasiso, but overall mill feed
grade is expected to be consistent with LOM reserve grade. The high Bond Work
Index granites will be blended at limited rates into the feed.
Accordingly, the Companys current forward production guidance
is that 2018 production will be similar to 2017. The Company is now on track to
meet its (revised) 2017 guidance of 205,000 to 225,000 ounces. Production
improvements after 2018 are predicted based on the completion of an optimized
P5M implementation plan presently underway.
Processing and Recovery Operations
The 12/17 DFS contains a detailed description of current
processing methods and information about test results relating to the
recoverability of gold. Actual experience shows gold recoveries averaging above
94% as was predicted by the feasibility work. The Company is now employing new
ore movement tracking technologies (measuring heave and swell of ore resulting
from blasting), which is improving the reconciliation of gold recovered to ore
estimates and predicted recoveries (+7% variance on grade control to resources
and +1% variance on mill feed to reserves).
Infrastructure, Permitting and Compliance Activities
The 12/17 DFS details the infrastructure and logistic
requirements for the AGM as well as an analysis of each of projects P5M and
P10M. The 12/17 DFS also contains information on environmental, permitting, and
social or community factors related to the Project. The information is
summarized in the 2016 AIF and has not been materially varied by the 12/17
DFS.
The Companys Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
(
ESIA
) filing for Nkran was approved in 2015 by the Ghanaian EPA,
resulting in the issuing of an environmental permit. An ESIA for the Esaase pit
and the overland conveyor between Esaase and Obotan was submitted to the EPA in
November 2016 and the environmental permit was granted in January 2017. Detailed
baseline studies were completed and this provided the required level of
information for development of the ESIA.
Air quality, noise, surface water hydrology, groundwater
hydrogeology, water quality, soil, fauna and flora baseline studies were
completed and reports generated. Traffic, socio-economic and medical surveys
were likewise completed.
The Company held a number of public forums as part of the
environmental permitting for P5M in 2016. This included a visit by senior
dignitaries from the Esaase community and the EPA to the Sasol Ltd. operation at
Secunda in South Africa to see one of the worlds longest single-flight overland
conveyors.
The Company engages regularly with a number of stakeholder
groups and committees as platforms through which to provide project updates;
address concerns and discuss matters of mutual interest. The Company also
engages with local government and village leaders, including: Amansie West
District Assembly; Ministry of Food and Agriculture; Ghana Health Service; Land
Valuation Board; Environmental Protection Agency; Forestry Commission; Minerals
Commission; Inspectorate Division of Minerals Commission; Water Resources
Commission. The Company views its relationships with mining regulatory
authorities and local communities as positive. The AGM employs a 98% Ghanaian
workforce and in 2016 won the award for the Ghanaian Corporate Social Investment
Project of the year. The AGM has enjoyed an industry leading safety record (0.19 lost time
injury frequency rate per million man-hours).
- 27 -
Capital and Operating Costs
As at September 30, 2017, the Companys mineral properties
plant and equipment related to the AGM had a net carrying value of $582 million.
This figure included acquisition and mine construction costs capitalized under
IFRS less applicable depletion and depreciation since the commencement of
commercial production in April, 2016.
The Companys anticipated mine operating costs are analyzed in
the 12/17 DFS. Actual experience with production operating costs (and gold
revenues) during the nine months year-to-date to September 30, 2017 is
summarized in the following table:
Table 4 AGM Operating Cost Statistics Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017
Operating Cost and
Related Information- Quarters 1, 2 and 3, 2017
|
|
Q3
|
Q2
|
Q1
|
Waste Mined ('000t)
|
7,339
|
6,457
|
5,620
|
Ore Mined ('000t)
|
1,181
|
1,049
|
1,017
|
Strip Ratio (W:O)
|
6.2:1
|
6.2:1
|
5.5:1
|
Mining Cost ($/t mined)
|
3.35
|
3.22
|
3.89
|
Ore Treated ('000t)
|
862
|
887
|
908
|
Gold Feed Grade (g/t)
|
1.9
|
1.7
|
2.1
|
Gold Recovery (%)
|
94
|
94
|
95
|
Processing Cost ($/t treated)
|
12.94
|
12.80
|
13.36
|
Gold Production (oz)
|
49,293
|
46,017
|
58,187
|
Gold Sales (oz)
|
50,241
|
48,461
|
57,812
|
Average Realised Gold Price
($/oz)
|
1,265
|
1,238
|
1,199
|
Operating Cash Costs
1
($/oz)
|
485
|
572
|
578
|
Total Cash Costs
($/oz)
2
|
549
|
634
|
638
|
All-in Sustaining Costs
("AISC")
3
($/oz)
|
975
|
930
|
956
|
All-in Sustaining Margin
($/oz)
|
290
|
308
|
243
|
Gross Gold Revenue ($m)
|
63.5
|
60.0
|
69.3
|
Production Costs, including
Royalties ($m)
|
28.0
|
31.3
|
37.7
|
Income from Mine Operations
($m)
|
17.9
|
14.5
|
15.1
|
Source: Company records
Notes
- 28 -
1
Non-GAAP Performance Measures
The Company has included certain
non-GAAP performance measures in this Prospectus, including operating cash
costs, total cash costs, all-in sustaining costs per ounce of gold sold and
all-in sustaining margin. These non-GAAP performance measures do not have any
standardized meaning. Accordingly, these performance measures are intended to
provide additional information and should not be considered in isolation or as a
substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. Refer
to the Q3 2017 MD&A for a reconciliation of the non-GAAP performance measure
to the nearest GAAP measure.
2
Operating Cash Costs per ounce and Total Cash Costs per ounce
Operating cash costs are reflective of
the cost of production, adjusted for share-based payments and by-product revenue
for each ounce of gold sold. Total cash costs include production royalties of
5%.
3
All-in
Sustaining Costs Per Gold Ounce
The Company has adopted the reporting
of "all-in sustaining costs per gold ounce" ("AISC") as per the World Gold
Council's guidance. AISC include total cash costs, corporate overhead expenses,
sustaining capital expenditure, capitalized stripping costs and reclamation cost
accretion for each ounce of gold sold.
Planned Development, Production and Exploration
P5M
The 12/17 DFS analyzes two expansion scenarios for the AGM. The
first expansion scenario is referred to as Project 5M or P5M (as it targets AGM
achieving 5 million tonnes of annual ore throughput). The first stage of P5M,
the brownfield modifications and upgrades to the CIL processing plant to
increase throughput from the previous level of 3.6Mtpa to 5Mtpa, was approved in
November 2016 and is in progress. The Company has completed the volumetric
upgrades to the plant under budget and ahead of schedule. This first stage of
P5M is expected to be funded from cash on hand and operating cash flows. To
September 30, 2017, the Company has spent some $21.2 million on the first phase
of P5M.
The second stage of P5M is to develop the Esaase deposit for
production. It is expected that the Esaase deposit will be developed using open
pit mining conducted by a contractor (like the three existing mining
operations). Mining activities will initially mine oxide ore to open up the
deposit under a mining schedule that will allow both oxide and fresh ore to be
delivered to the 5Mtpa CIL processing facility. The ore will be transported to
the upgraded CIL plant via a 27km overland conveyor, which is to be constructed
as a part of the second stage of P5M. The Environmental Permit and Mine
Operating Permit were received in January 2017 from the Ghanaian EPA and the
Ghanaian Minerals Commission, respectively. The capital cost associated with P5M
was estimated at $22.0 million for the plant upgrade, $78.0 million for the
conveyor, $32.0 million for the development of the Esaase deposit and associated
infrastructure and $17.0 million for front-end engineering design for a total of
approximately $149 million.
The P5M volumetric upgrades involved increasing processing
capability to 9,000 tonnes per day (tpd) fresh ore (3Mtpa) and 6,000tpd oxide
ore (2Mtpa). The goal was to achieve at least 13,500tpd capability with a 93% of
fresh/oxide blend vs. plan of 60%. The AGM is currently feeding a higher
quantity of fresh ore tonnes with temporary mobile crushers. A secondary crusher
is expected to be installed and commissioned during Q2 2018. The P5M upgrade to
the recovery circuit includes installing an ILR & Knelson concentrator, a
second oxygen plant and expanding the electro-winning capacity in the gold
room.
The proposed 27km ore conveyor was determined to be superior to
trucking as it would reduce the transportation portion of the operating costs to
$0.37/t. Once constructed, the overland conveyor is expected to carry
approximately 2Mtpa from Esaase to the CIL plant with an ability to ramp-up to
7Mtpa once the P10M expansion is commissioned.
- 29 -
The Company is also pursuing an optimization process involving
an analysis of the current P5M pits to optimize the pit model for strip ratio in
order to minimize AISC without adversely affecting the ability to proceed to
P10M (see below). Such optimization also includes a review of pit sequencing,
ore cut-off grades, and fresh/oxide ore blend ratios.
The Company is reviewing possible options to fund the second
stage of P5M, based on the Companys balance sheet, cash flow from operations
and capital market conditions. On a standalone basis, if and when completed, P5M
is expected to extend the LoM by approximately 19 years to 2036 and maintain
annual production around 250,000 ounces per year.
Project 10M
A second expansion scenario is referred to as Project 10M or
P10M as the goal is to achieve ore throughput capacity of 10 million tonnes per
year. P10M primarily involves the construction of a second 5Mtpa CIL processing
facility similar to the upgraded (from P5M) CIL plant. The additional ore feed
would come from the Esaase deposit which would ramp up to 7Mtpa. P10M would
require the resettlement of the village of Tetrem, comprising 250 structures, as
well as the expansion of the footprint of the existing TSF. Additional ore
sources would come from Nkran, and the various satellite pits. In the case of
P10M, the LoM is expected to be approximately 10 years, ending in 2027. The
capital cost of P10M is estimated at $200 million (in addition to the capital
cost of P5M) and would bring annual gold production to a projected 450,000
ounces.
The 12/17 DFS provides an economic assessment of the AGM under
three scenarios namely current mine (base case), base case + P5M and base case
plus P10M. The resulting net present values are:
|
|
base case: $482 million;
|
|
|
|
|
|
base case + P5M: $658 million;
|
|
|
|
|
|
base case + P10M: $811 million.
|
These figures are based on a gold price of $1,250 and a 5%
discount rate. Sensitivity analyses of these models to different assumptions, in
particular gold prices, capital and operating costs, are contained in the 12/17
DFS. Other Capital Expenditures
Other LoM projected capital costs, excluding Projects P5M and
P10M, include ongoing rehabilitation ($4 million), tailings facilities ($26
million) and ultimate closure costs ($36 million). These costs are expected to
funded out of operating cash flow.
Planned Exploration
An ongoing exploration program focuses on delineating
additional resources to augment the life of mine planning. There are four
priority near-mine exploration targets. During July and August, a confirmatory
drilling program was undertaken at the Akwasiso satellite deposit, located
approximately three kilometres north east of the processing facility. The
purpose of the program was to infill drill test the previously inaccessible area
which was covered with tailings from historic artisanal mining activities. At
Midras South, a total of 4,051m were drilled and the drilling program confirmed
the continuity of mineralization at depth and also discovered a new near surface
zone of mineralization along the eastern edge of the deposit. During Q3 2017, a
13,000m drilling campaign commenced with the objective of collecting enough data
for an initial resource estimate. The work is still ongoing as of the date
hereof. Three significant initial target areas along the main structural trend,
Miradani, Central, and Tontokrom, have been identified. A phased drilling campaign is underway with
results expected to be announced in 2018. In the first nine months of 2017, the
Company expended approximately $463,000 on exploration activities (2016:
$1,042,000).
- 30 -
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise specified in a Prospectus Supplement, the net
proceeds from the sale of the Securities will be used for general corporate
purposes, including funding working capital, potential future acquisitions and
capital expenditures. Each Prospectus Supplement will contain specific
information concerning the use of proceeds from that sale of Securities.
All expenses relating to an offering of Securities and any
compensation paid to underwriters, dealers or agents, as the case may be, will
be paid out of our general funds, unless otherwise stated in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement.
CONSOLIDATED CAPITALIZATION
There have been no material changes in our share and debt
capital, on a consolidated basis, since September 30, 2017, being the date of
the Companys most recently filed unaudited consolidated financial statements
incorporated by reference in this Prospectus.
PRIOR SALES
The following table sets out details of all Common Shares
issued by the Company during the 12 months prior to the date of this
Prospectus.
|
Average Price per
|
|
|
Security/Average
|
|
|
Exercise Price per
|
|
Date
|
Security (C$ unless
|
Number of
|
Common Shares
|
otherwise indicated)
|
Securities
|
Issued pursuant to exercise of options
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 10, 2017
|
C$2.00
|
161,250
|
January 11, 2017
|
C$2.12
|
150,000
|
January 16, 2017
|
C$2.20
|
346,250
|
January 17, 2017
|
C$1.98
|
100,000
|
January 18, 2017
|
C$4.18
|
72,500
|
January 19, 2017
|
C$2.11
|
79,500
|
January 23, 2017
|
C$3.64
|
340,000
|
January 24, 2017
|
C$4.59
|
150,000
|
February 15, 2017
|
C$2.08
|
50,000
|
April 11, 2017
|
C$1.98
|
1,25
|
April 12, 2017
|
C$2.08
|
150,000
|
- 31 -
|
Average Price per
|
|
|
Security/Average
|
|
|
Exercise Price per
|
|
Date
|
Security (C$ unless
|
Number of
|
Common Shares
|
otherwise indicated)
|
Securities
|
|
|
|
April 24, 2017
|
C$1.98
|
20,000
|
The following table sets out details of all securities
convertible or exercisable into Common Shares that were issued or granted by the
Company during the 12 months prior to the date of this Prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise or conversion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
price per Common
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Common
|
|
Share
|
|
|
Type of Security
|
|
Shares issuable upon
|
|
(C$ unless otherwise
|
Date
|
|
Issued
|
|
exercise or conversion
|
|
indicated)
|
February 27, 2017
|
|
Stock Options
|
|
2,884,000
|
|
C$3.98
|
April 24, 2017
|
|
Stock Options
|
|
85,000
|
|
C$3.31
|
May 10, 2017
|
|
Stock Options
|
|
30,000
|
|
C$3.00
|
August 10, 2017
|
|
Stock Options
|
|
325,000
|
|
C$1.11
|
November 2, 2017
|
|
Stock Options
|
|
50,000
|
|
C$1.32
|
TRADING PRICE AND VOLUME
Our Common Shares are listed on the TSX and NYSE American under
the trading symbol AKG and AKG, respectively. The following tables set forth
information relating to the trading of the common shares on the TSX and NYSE
American for the months indicated.
|
|
TSX Price Range (in C$)
|
|
|
Month
|
|
High
|
|
Low
|
|
Total Volume
|
November 2016
|
|
5.47
|
|
4.11
|
|
27,638,525
|
December 2016
|
|
4.77
|
|
3.43
|
|
24,418,300
|
January 2017
|
|
5.07
|
|
4.09
|
|
23,379,574
|
February 2017
|
|
5.02
|
|
3.48
|
|
30,292,247
|
March 2017
|
|
3.79
|
|
3.01
|
|
40,707,508
|
April 2017
|
|
3.75
|
|
3.0
|
|
21,852,128
|
May 2017
|
|
3.38
|
|
2.19
|
|
23,933,017
|
June 2017
|
|
2.52
|
|
1.75
|
|
59,339,134
|
July 2017
|
|
2.09
|
|
1.52
|
|
19,709,017
|
August 2017
|
|
1.585
|
|
.99
|
|
22,721,394
|
September 2017
|
|
1.57
|
|
1.17
|
|
13,238,354
|
October 2017
|
|
1.30
|
|
1.15
|
|
5,225,357
|
November 2017
|
|
1.45
|
|
0.78
|
|
30,929,142
|
December 1 - 27, 2017
|
|
0.89
|
|
0.55
|
|
23,297,419
|
- 32 -
|
|
NYSE American Price Range (in $)
|
|
|
Month
|
|
High
|
|
Low
|
|
Total Volume
|
November 2016
|
|
4.17
|
|
3.03
|
|
14,217,834
|
December 2016
|
|
3.58
|
|
2.64
|
|
29,969,200
|
January 2017
|
|
3.90
|
|
3.04
|
|
16,634,764
|
February 2017
|
|
3.86
|
|
2.62
|
|
24,386,715
|
March 2017
|
|
2.84
|
|
2.23
|
|
52,752,213
|
April 2017
|
|
2.83
|
|
2.20
|
|
34,864,606
|
May 2017
|
|
2.47
|
|
1.28
|
|
59,236,683
|
June 2017
|
|
1.8656
|
|
1.30
|
|
109,737,062
|
July 2017
|
|
1.655
|
|
1.21
|
|
36,092,890
|
August 2017
|
|
1.27
|
|
0.775
|
|
39,083,091
|
September 2017
|
|
1.28
|
|
0.9422
|
|
17,809,137
|
October 2017
|
|
1.05
|
|
0.928
|
|
10,769,764
|
November 2017
|
|
1.14
|
|
0.6055
|
|
25,291,230
|
December 1 - 27, 2017
|
|
0.70
|
|
0.425
|
|
35,356,278
|
- 33 -
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the Securities to or through underwriters or
dealers, and also may sell Securities to one or more other purchasers directly
or through agents, including sales pursuant to ordinary brokerage transactions
and transactions in which a broker-dealer solicits purchasers. Underwriters may
sell Securities to or through dealers. Each Prospectus Supplement will set forth
the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any underwriters,
dealers or agents and any fees or compensation payable to them in connection
with the offering and sale of a particular series or issue of Securities, the
public offering price or prices of the Securities and the proceeds to the
Company from the sale of the Securities.
The Securities may be sold, from time to time in one or more
transactions at a fixed price or prices which may be changed or at market prices
prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market
prices or at negotiated prices, including sales in transactions that are deemed
to be at-the-market distributions as defined in National Instrument
44-102Shelf Distributions, including sales made directly on the TSX, NYSE
American or other existing trading markets for the Securities. The prices at
which the Securities may be offered may vary as between purchasers and during
the period of distribution. If, in connection with the offering of Securities at
a fixed price or prices, the underwriters have made a bona fide effort to sell
all of the Securities at the initial offering price fixed in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement, the public offering price may be decreased and thereafter
further changed, from time to time, to an amount not greater than the initial
public offering price fixed in such Prospectus Supplement, in which case the
compensation realized by the underwriters will be decreased by the amount that
the aggregate price paid by purchasers for the Securities is less than the gross
proceeds paid by the underwriters to the Company.
Underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the
distribution of the Securities may be entitled under agreements to be entered
into with the Company to indemnification by the Company against certain
liabilities, including liabilities under the U.S. Securities Act and Canadian
securities legislation, or to contribution with respect to payments which such
underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make in respect thereof. Such
underwriters, dealers and agents may be customers of, engage in transactions
with, or perform services for, the Company in the ordinary course of business.
In connection with any offering of Securities, other than an
at-the-market distribution, the underwriters may over-allot or effect
transactions which stabilize or maintain the market price of the Securities
offered at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market.
Such transactions, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement, we do not intend to list any of the Securities other than the Common
Shares on any securities exchange. Any underwriters, dealers or agents to or
through which Securities other than the Common Shares are sold by us for public
offering and sale may make a market in such Securities, but such underwriters,
dealers or agents will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any such
market making at any time and without notice. No assurance can be given that a
market for trading in Securities of any series or issue will develop or as to
the liquidity of any such market, whether or not the Securities are listed on a
securities exchange.
- 34 -
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
Common Shares
The holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive notice of
any meeting of the shareholders of the Company and to attend and vote thereat,
except those meetings at which only the holders shares of another class or of a
particular series are entitled to vote. Each Common Share entitles its holder to
one vote. The holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive on a pro-rata
basis such dividends as the board of directors may declare out of funds legally
available therefor. In the event of the dissolution, liquidation, winding-up or
other distribution of our assets, such holders are entitled to receive on a
pro-rata basis all of assets of the Company remaining after payment of all of
liabilities. The Common Shares carry no pre-emptive or conversion rights.
Warrants
This section describes the general terms that will apply to any
Warrants for the purchase of Common Shares. We will not offer Warrants for sale
unless the applicable Prospectus Supplement containing the specific terms of the
Warrants to be offered separately is first approved, in accordance with
applicable laws, for filing by the securities commissions or similar regulatory
authorities in each of the jurisdictions where the Warrants will be offered for.
Subject to the foregoing, we may issue Warrants independently
or together with other securities, and Warrants sold with other securities may
be attached to or separate from the other securities. Warrants may be issued
directly by us to the purchasers thereof or under one or more warrant indentures
or warrant agency agreements to be entered into by us and one or more banks or
trust companies acting as warrant agent. Warrants, like other Securities that
may be sold, may be listed on a securities exchange subject to exchange listing
requirements and applicable legal requirements.
This summary of some of the provisions of the Warrants is not
complete. Any statements made in the Prospectus relating to any warrant
agreement and Warrants to be issued under the Prospectus are summaries of
certain anticipated provisions thereof and do not purport to be complete and are
subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all provisions
of the applicable warrant agreement. Investors should refer to the warrant
indenture or warrant agency agreement relating to the specific Warrants being
offered for the complete terms of the Warrants. A copy of any warrant indenture
or warrant agency agreement relating to an offering of
Warrants will be
filed by us with the applicable securities regulatory authorities in Canada
following its execution.
The particular terms of each issue of Warrants will be
described in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. This description will
include, where applicable:
|
|
the designation and aggregate number of
Warrants;
|
|
|
|
|
|
the price at which the Warrants will be
offered;
|
|
|
|
|
|
the currency or currencies in which the
Warrants will be offered;
|
|
|
|
|
|
the date on which the right to exercise the
Warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;
|
|
|
|
|
|
the number of Common Shares that may be
purchased upon exercise of each Warrant and the price at which and
currency or currencies in which the Common Shares may be purchased upon
exercise of each Warrant;
|
|
|
|
|
|
the designation and terms of any securities
with which the Warrants will be offered, if any, and the number of the
Warrants that will be offered with each security;
|
- 35 -
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the date or dates, if any, on or after which the Warrants
and the related securities will be transferable separately;
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whether the Warrants will be subject to redemption and,
if so, the terms of such redemption provisions;
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material Canadian and United States federal income tax
consequences of owning the Warrants; and
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any other material terms or conditions of the Warrants.
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Subscription Receipts
This section describes the general terms that will apply to any
Subscription Receipts that may be offered by us pursuant to the Prospectus.
Subscription Receipts may be offered separately or together with Common Shares
or Warrants, as the case may be. The Subscription Receipts will be issued under
a Subscription Receipt agreement.
In the event we issue Subscription Receipts, we will provide
the original purchasers of Subscription Receipts a contractual right of
rescission exercisable following the issuance of Common Shares to such
purchasers.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will include details of
the Subscription Receipt agreement covering the Subscription Receipts being
offered. A copy of the Subscription Receipt agreement relating to an offering of
Subscription Receipts will be filed by us with the applicable securities
regulatory authorities after it has been entered into by us. The specific terms
of the Subscription Receipts, and the extent to which the general terms
described in this section apply to those Subscription Receipts, will be set
forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. This description will include,
where applicable:
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the number of Subscription Receipts;
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the price at which the Subscription Receipts will be
offered;
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the procedures for the exchange of the Subscription
Receipts into Common Shares or Warrants;
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the number of Common Shares or Warrants that may be
exchanged upon exercise of each Subscription Receipt;
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the designation and terms of any other securities with
which the Subscription Receipts will be offered, if any, and the number of
Subscription Receipts that will be offered with each security;
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terms applicable to the gross or net proceeds from the
sale of the Subscription Receipts plus any interest earned thereon;
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material Canadian and United States income tax
consequences of owning the Subscription Receipts; and
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any other material terms and conditions of the
Subscription Receipts.
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- 36 -
Description of Debt Securities
We may issue Debt Securities in one or more series under an
indenture (the
Indenture
), to be entered into among the Company, and a
trustee. The Indenture will be subject to and governed by the United States
Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the
Trust Indenture Act
). A
copy of the form of the Indenture will be filed with the SEC as an exhibit to
the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part. The following
description sets forth certain general material terms and provisions of the Debt
Securities and is not intended to be complete. For a more complete description,
prospective investors should refer to the Indenture and the terms of the Debt
Securities. If Debt Securities are issued, we will describe in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement the particular terms and provisions of any series of the
Debt Securities and a description of how the general terms and provisions
described below may apply to that series of the Debt Securities. Prospective
investors should rely on information in the applicable Prospectus Supplement and
not on the following information to the extent that the information in such
Prospectus Supplement is different from the following information. We will file
as exhibits to the registration statement of which this Prospectus is a part, or
will incorporate by reference from a report on Form 6-K that the Company
furnishes to the SEC, any supplemental indenture describing the terms and
conditions of Debt Securities that we are offering before the issuance of such
Debt Securities.
We may issue Debt Securities and incur additional indebtedness
other than through the offering of Debt Securities pursuant to this Prospectus.
General
The Indenture will not limit the aggregate principal amount of
Debt Securities that we may issue under the Indenture and will not limit the
amount of other indebtedness that we may incur. The Indenture will provide that
we may issue Debt Securities from time to time in one or more series and may be
denominated and payable in U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars or any foreign
currency. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement,
the Debt Securities will be unsecured obligations of the Company. The Indenture
will also permit us to increase the principal amount of any series of the Debt
Securities previously issued and to issue that increased principal amount.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement for any series of Debt
Securities that we offer will describe the specific terms of the Debt Securities
and may include, but is not limited to, any of the following:
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the title of the Debt Securities;
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any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the Debt
Securities and, if no limit is specified, the Company will have the right
to re-open such series for the issuance of additional Debt Securities from
time to time;
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whether payment of principal, interest and premium, if
any, on the Debt Securities will be senior or subordinated to our other
liabilities or obligations;
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whether payment of principal, interest and premium, if
any, on the Debt Securities will be secured by certain assets of the
Company;
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whether payment of the Debt Securities will be guaranteed
by any other person;
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the date or dates, or the method by which such date or
dates will be determined or extended, on which the principal (and premium,
if any) of the Debt Securities of the series is payable;
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- 37 -
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the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series
shall bear interest, if any, or the method by which such rate or rates
shall be determined, whether such interest shall be payable in cash or
additional Securities of the same series or shall accrue and increase the
aggregate principal amount outstanding of such series, the date or dates
from which such interest shall accrue, or the method by which such date or
dates shall be determined;
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the place or places we will pay principal, premium and
interest, if any, and the place or places where Debt Securities can be
presented for registration of transfer, exchange or conversion;
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whether we will be obligated to redeem, repay or
repurchase the Debt Securities pursuant to any sinking or other provision,
or at the option of a holder and the terms and conditions of such
redemption, repayment or repurchase;
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whether we may redeem the Debt Securities, in whole or in
part, prior to maturity and the terms and conditions of any such
redemption;
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the denominations in which we will issue any registered
Debt Securities, if other than denominations of $2,000 and any multiple of
$1,000 and, if other than denominations of $5,000, the denominations in
which any unregistered Debt Security shall be issuable;
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whether we will make payments on the Debt Securities in a
currency other than US dollars;
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whether payments on the Debt Securities will be payable
with reference to any index, formula or other method;
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whether we will issue the Debt Securities as global
securities and, if so, the identity of the depositary for the global
securities;
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whether we will issue the Debt Securities as unregistered
securities, registered securities or both;
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any changes or additions to, or deletions of, events of
default or covenants whether or not such events of default or covenants
are consistent with the events of default or covenants in the Indenture;
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the applicability of, and any changes or additions to,
the provisions for defeasance described under Defeasance below;
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whether the holders of any series of Debt Securities have
special rights if specified events occur;
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the terms, if any, for any conversion or exchange of the
Debt Securities for any other securities;
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provisions as to modification, amendment or variation of
any rights or terms attaching to the Debt Securities; and
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any other terms, conditions, rights and preferences (or
limitations on such rights and preferences).
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- 38 -
Unless stated otherwise in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement, no holder of Debt Securities will have the right to require us to
repurchase the Debt Securities and there will be no increase in the interest
rate if we become involved in a highly leveraged transaction or if we have a
change of control.
We may issue Debt Securities bearing no interest or interest at
a rate below the prevailing market rate at the time of issuance, and offer and
sell the Debt Securities at a discount below their stated principal amount. We
may also sell any of the Debt Securities for a foreign currency or currency
unit, and payments on the Debt Securities may be payable in a foreign currency
or currency unit. In any of these cases, we will describe certain Canadian
federal and U.S. federal income tax consequences and other special
considerations in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
We may issue Debt Securities with terms different from those of
Debt Securities previously issued and, without the consent of the holders
thereof, we may reopen a previous issue of a series of Debt Securities and issue
additional Debt Securities of such series (unless the reopening was restricted
when such series was created).
Guarantees
Our payment obligations under any series of Debt Securities may
be guaranteed by certain of our direct or indirect subsidiaries. In order to
comply with certain registration statement form requirements under U.S. law,
these guarantees may in turn be guaranteed by the Company. The terms of such
guarantees will be set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
Ranking and Other Indebtedness
Unless otherwise indicated in an applicable Prospectus
Supplement, and except to the extent prescribed by law, each series of Debt
Securities shall be direct, unconditional and unsecured obligations of the
Company and shall rank pari passu and ratably without preference among
themselves and pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated
obligations of the Company.
Our Board of Directors may establish the extent and manner, if
any, to which payment on or in respect of a series of Debt Securities will be
senior, senior subordinated or will be subordinated to the prior payment of the
Companys other liabilities and obligations, and whether the payment of
principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, will be guaranteed by any
other person and the nature and priority of any security.
Debt Securities in Global Form
The Depositary and Book-Entry
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement, a series of the Debt Securities may be issued in whole or in part in
global form as a global security and will be registered in the name of or
issued in bearer form and be deposited with a depositary, or its nominee, each
of which will be identified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement relating to
that series. Unless and until exchanged, in whole or in part, for the Debt
Securities in definitive registered form, a global security may not be
transferred except as a whole by the depositary for such global security to a
nominee of the depositary, by a nominee of the depositary to the depositary or
another nominee of the depositary or by the depositary or any such nominee to a
successor of the depositary or a nominee of the successor.
- 39 -
The specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect
to any portion of a particular series of the Debt Securities to be represented
by a global security will be described in the applicable Prospectus Supplement
relating to such series. The Company anticipates that the provisions described
in this section will apply to all depositary arrangements.
Upon the issuance of a global security, the depositary therefor
or its nominee will credit, on its book entry and registration system, the
respective principal amounts of the Debt Securities represented by the global
security to the accounts of such persons, designated as participants, having
accounts with such depositary or its nominee. Such accounts shall be designated
by the underwriters, dealers or agents participating in the distribution of the
Debt Securities or by the Company if such Debt Securities are offered and sold
directly by the Company. Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security
will be limited to participants or persons that may hold beneficial interests
through participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security
will be shown on, and the transfer of that ownership will be effected only
through, records maintained by the depositary therefor or its nominee (with
respect to interests of participants) or by participants or persons that hold
through participants (with respect to interests of persons other than
participants). The laws of some states in the United States may require that
certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in
definitive form.
So long as the depositary for a global security or its nominee
is the registered owner of the global security or holder of a global security in
bearer form, such depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, will be
considered the sole owner or holder of the Debt Securities represented by the
global security for all purposes under the Indenture. Except as provided below,
owners of beneficial interests in a global security will not be entitled to have
a series of the Debt Securities represented by the global security registered in
their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of
such series of the Debt Securities in definitive form and will not be considered
the owners or holders thereof under the Indenture.
Any payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest, if
any, on global securities registered in the name of a depositary or securities
registrar will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as
the registered owner of the global security representing such Debt Securities.
None of the Company, any trustee or any paying agent for the Debt Securities
represented by the global securities will have any responsibility or liability
for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of
beneficial ownership interests of the global security or for maintaining,
supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership
interests.
The Company expects that the depositary for a global security
or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment of principal, premium, if any, or
interest, if any, will credit participants accounts with payments in amounts
proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the principal amount
of the global security as shown on the records of such depositary or its
nominee. The Company also expects that payments by participants to owners of
beneficial interests in a global security held through such participants will be
governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case
with securities held for the accounts of customers registered in street name,
and will be the responsibility of such participants.
Discontinuance of Depositarys Services
If a depositary for a global security representing a particular
series of the Debt Securities is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as
depositary or, if at any time the depositary for such series shall no longer be
registered or in good standing under the Exchange Act, and a successor
depositary is not appointed by us within 90 days, the Company will issue such
series of the Debt Securities in definitive form in exchange for a global
security representing such series of the Debt Securities. If an event of default under the Indenture has occurred and is continuing,
Debt Securities in definitive form will be printed and delivered upon written
request by the holder to the appropriate trustee. In addition, the Company may
at any time and in the Companys sole discretion determine not to have a series
of the Debt Securities represented by a global security and, in such event, will
issue a series of the Debt Securities in definitive form in exchange for all of
the global securities representing that series of Debt Securities.
- 40 -
Debt Securities in Definitive Form
A series of the Debt Securities may be issued in definitive
form, solely as registered securities, solely as unregistered securities or as
both registered securities and unregistered securities. Registered securities
will be issuable in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 and
unregistered securities will be issuable in denominations of $5,000 and integral
multiples of $5,000 or, in each case, in such other denominations as may be set
out in the terms of the Debt Securities of any particular series. Unless
otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, unregistered
securities will have interest coupons attached.
Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement, payment of principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the
Debt Securities in definitive form will be made at the office or agency
designated by the Company, or at the Companys option the Company can pay
principal, interest, if any, and premium, if any, by check mailed to the address
of the person entitled at the address appearing in the security register of the
trustee or electronic funds wire transfer to an account of persons who meet
certain thresholds set out in the Indenture who are entitled to receive payments
by wire transfer. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement, payment of interest, if any, will be made to the persons in whose
name the Debt Securities are registered at the close of business on the day or
days specified by the Company.
At the option of the holder of Debt Securities, registered
securities of any series will be exchangeable for other registered securities of
the same series, of any authorized denomination and of a like aggregate
principal amount. If, but only if, provided in an applicable Prospectus
Supplement, unregistered securities (with all unmatured coupons, except as
provided below, and all matured coupons in default) of any series may be
exchanged for registered securities of the same series, of any authorized
denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and tenor. In such event,
unregistered securities surrendered in a permitted exchange for registered
securities between a regular record date or a special record date and the
relevant date for payment of interest shall be surrendered without the coupon
relating to such date for payment of interest, and interest will not be payable
on such date for payment of interest in respect of the registered security
issued in exchange for such unregistered security, but will be payable only to
the holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the terms of the
Indenture. Unless otherwise specified in an applicable Prospectus Supplement,
unregistered securities will not be issued in exchange for registered
securities.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement may indicate the places to
register a transfer of the Debt Securities in definitive form. Service charges
may be payable by the holder for any registration of transfer or exchange of the
Debt Securities in definitive form, and the Company may, in certain instances,
require a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charges payable
in connection with these transactions.
We shall not be required to:
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issue, register the transfer of or exchange any series of
the Debt Securities in definitive form during a period beginning at the
opening of 15 days before any selection of securities of that
series of the Debt Securities to be redeemed and ending on the
relevant date of notice of such redemption, as provided in the Indenture;
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- 41 -
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register the transfer of or exchange any registered
security in definitive form, or portion thereof, called for redemption,
except the unredeemed portion of any registered security being redeemed in
part;
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exchange any unregistered security called for redemption
except to the extent that such unregistered security may be exchanged for
a registered security of that series and like tenor; provided that such
registered security will be simultaneously surrendered for redemption; or
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issue, register the transfer of or exchange any of the
Debt Securities in definitive form which have been surrendered for
repayment at the option of the holder, except the portion, if any, of such
Debt Securities not to be so repaid.
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Provision of Financial Information
The Company will file with the Trustee:
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within 15 days after the Company files the same with the
SEC, (i) copies of the annual reports containing audited financial
statements and copies of quarterly reports containing unaudited financial
statements and (ii) copies of the information, documents and other reports
(or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may
from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company
may be required to file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13
or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
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within 15 days after the Company files the same with the
SEC, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time
by the SEC, such additional information, documents and reports with
respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of
this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and
regulations.
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In the event that the Company is not required to remain subject
to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, or
otherwise report on an annual and quarterly basis on forms provided for such
annual and quarterly reporting pursuant to rules and regulations promulgated by
the SEC, continue to file with the SEC and provide the Trustee:
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within 140 days after the end of each fiscal year, annual
reports on Form 20-F, 40-F or Form 10-K, as applicable (or any successor
form), containing audited financial statements and the other financial
information required to be contained therein (or required in such
successor form); and
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within 60 days after the end of each of the first three
fiscal quarters of each fiscal year, reports on Form 6-K or Form 10-Q (or
any successor form), containing unaudited financial statements and the
other financial information which, regardless of applicable requirements
shall, at a minimum, contain such information required to be provided in
quarterly reports under the laws of Canada or any province thereof to
security holders of a corporation with securities listed on the Toronto
Stock Exchange, whether or not the Company has any of its securities so
listed.
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- 42 -
Events of Default
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement relating to a particular series of Debt Securities, the following is
a summary of events which will, with respect to any series of the Debt
Securities, constitute an event of default under the Indenture with respect to
the Debt Securities of that series:
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the Company fails to pay principal of, or any premium on,
or any Additional Amounts in respect of, any Debt Security of that series
when it is due and payable;
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the Company fails to pay interest (including Additional
Amounts) payable on any Debt Security of that series when it becomes due
and payable, and such default continues for 30 days;
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the Company fails to make any required sinking fund or
analogous payment when due for that series of Debt Securities;
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the Company fails to observe or perform any of its
covenants or agreements in the Indenture that affect or are applicable to
the Debt Securities of that series for 90 days after written notice to the
Company by the trustees or to the Company and the trustees by holders of
at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Debt
Securities of that series;
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certain events involving the Companys bankruptcy,
insolvency or reorganization; and
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any other event of default provided for in that series of
Debt Securities.
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A default under one series of Debt Securities will not
necessarily be a default under another series. A trustee may withhold notice to
the holders of the Debt Securities of any default, except in the payment of
principal or premium, if any, or interest, if any, if in good faith it considers
it in the interests of the holders to do so and so advises the Company in
writing.
If an event of default for any series of Debt Securities occurs
and continues, a trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal
amount of the Debt Securities of that series may require the Company to repay
immediately:
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the entire principal and interest of the Debt Securities
of the series; or
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if the Debt Securities are discounted securities, that
portion of the principal as is described in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement.
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If an event of default relates to events involving the
Companys bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal of all Debt
Securities will become immediately due and payable without any action by the
trustee or any holder.
Subject to certain conditions, the holders of a majority of the
aggregate principal amount of the Debt Securities of the affected series can
rescind and annul an accelerated payment requirement. If Debt Securities are
discounted securities, the applicable Prospectus Supplement will contain
provisions relating to the acceleration of maturity of a portion of the
principal amount of the discounted securities upon the occurrence or continuance
of an event of default.
Other than its duties in case of a default, a trustee is not
obligated to exercise any of the rights or powers that it will have under the
Indenture at the request or direction of any holders, unless the holders offer
the trustee reasonable security or indemnity. If they provide this
reasonable security or indemnity, the holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of any series of Debt Securities may, subject to certain
limitations, direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for
any remedy available to a trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred
upon a trustee, for any series of Debt Securities.
- 43 -
The Company will be required to furnish to the trustees a
statement annually as to its compliance with all conditions and covenants under
the Indenture and, if the Company is not in compliance, the Company must specify
any defaults. The Company will also be required to notify the trustees as soon
as practicable upon becoming aware of any event of default.
No holder of a Debt Security of any series will have any right
to institute any proceeding with respect to the Indenture, or for the
appointment of a receiver or a trustee, or for any other remedy, unless:
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the holder has previously given to the trustees written
notice of a continuing event of default with respect to the Debt
Securities of the affected series;
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the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the
outstanding Debt Securities of the series affected by an event of default
have made a written request, and the holders have offered reasonable
indemnity, to the trustees to institute a proceeding as trustees; and
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the trustees have failed to institute a proceeding, and
have not received from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of the series affected (or in
the case of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, all series
outstanding) by an event of default a direction inconsistent with the
request, within 60 days after receipt of the holders notice, request and
offer of indemnity.
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However, such above-mentioned limitations do not apply to a
suit instituted by the holder of a Debt Security for the enforcement of payment
of the principal of or any premium, if any, or interest on such Debt Security on
or after the applicable due date specified in such Debt Security.
Defeasance
When the Company uses the term defeasance, it means discharge
from its obligations with respect to any Debt Securities of or within a series
under the Indenture. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement, if the Company deposits with a trustee cash, government securities
or a combination thereof sufficient to pay the principal, interest, if any,
premium, if any, and any other sums due to the stated maturity date or a
redemption date of the Debt Securities of a series, then at the Companys
option:
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the Company will be discharged from the obligations with
respect to the Debt Securities of that series; or
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the Company will no longer be under any obligation to
comply with certain restrictive covenants under the Indenture and certain
events of default will no longer apply to the Company.
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If this happens, the holders of the Debt Securities of the
affected series will not be entitled to the benefits of the Indenture except for
registration of transfer and exchange of Debt Securities and the replacement of
lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Debt Securities. These holders may look
only to the deposited fund for payment on their Debt Securities.
- 44 -
To exercise the defeasance option, the
Company must deliver to the trustees:
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an opinion of counsel in the United States to the effect
that the holders of the outstanding Debt Securities of the affected series
will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax
purposes as a result of a defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times
as would have been the case if the defeasance had not occurred;
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an opinion of counsel in Canada or a ruling from the
Canada Revenue Agency to the effect that the holders of the outstanding
Debt Securities of the affected series will not recognize income, gain or
loss for Canadian federal, provincial or territorial income or other tax
purposes as a result of a defeasance and will be subject to Canadian
federal, provincial or territorial income tax and other tax on the same
amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the
case had the defeasance not occurred; and
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a certificate of one of the Companys officers and an
opinion of counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided
for relating to defeasance have been complied with.
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If the Company is to be discharged from its obligations with
respect to the Debt Securities, and not just from the Companys covenants, the
U.S. opinion must be based upon a ruling from or published by the United States
Internal Revenue Service or a change in law to that effect.
In addition to the delivery of the opinions described above,
the following conditions must be met before the Company may exercise its
defeasance option:
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no event of default or event that, with the passing of
time or the giving of notice, or both, shall constitute an event of
default shall have occurred and be continuing for the Debt Securities of
the affected series;
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the Company is not an insolvent person within the
meaning of applicable bankruptcy and insolvency legislation; and
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other customary conditions precedent are satisfied.
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Modification and Waiver
Modifications and amendments of the Indenture may be made by
the Company and the trustees pursuant to one or more Supplemental Indentures (a
Supplemental Indenture) with the consent of the holders of at least a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Debt Securities of each series
affected by the modification. However, without the consent of each holder
affected, no such modification may:
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change the stated maturity of the principal of, premium,
if any, or any instalment of interest, if any, on any Debt Security;
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reduce the principal, premium, if any, or rate of
interest, if any, or change any obligation of the Company to pay any
Additional Amounts;
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reduce the amount of principal of a debt security payable
upon acceleration of its maturity or the amount provable in bankruptcy;
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- 45 -
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change the place or currency of any payment;
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affect the holders right to require the Company to
repurchase the Debt Securities at the holders option;
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impair the right of the holders to institute a suit to
enforce their rights to payment;
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adversely affect any conversion or exchange right related
to a series of Debt Securities;
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reduce the percentage of Debt Securities required to
modify the Indenture or to waive compliance with certain provisions of the
Indenture; or
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reduce the percentage in principal amount of outstanding
Debt Securities necessary to take certain actions.
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The holders of at least a majority in principal amount of
outstanding Debt Securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all
Debt Securities of that series waive, insofar as only that series is concerned,
past defaults under the Indenture and compliance by the Company with certain
restrictive provisions of the Indenture. However, these holders may not waive a
default in any payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest on any Debt
Security or compliance with a provision that cannot be modified without the
consent of each holder affected.
The Company may modify the Indenture pursuant to a Supplemental
Indenture without the consent of any holders to:
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evidence its successor under the Indenture;
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add covenants of the Company or surrender any right or
power of the Company for the benefit of holders;
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add events of default;
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provide for unregistered securities to become registered
securities under the Indenture and make other such changes to unregistered
securities that in each case do not materially and adversely affect the
interests of holders of outstanding Debt Securities;
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establish the forms of the Debt Securities;
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appoint a successor trustee under the Indenture;
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add provisions to permit or facilitate the defeasance and
discharge of the Debt Securities as long as there is no material adverse
effect on the holders;
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cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any defective
or inconsistent provision or make any other provisions in each case that
would not materially and adversely affect the interests of holders of
outstanding Debt Securities, if any; or
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change or eliminate any provisions of the Indenture where
such change takes effect when there are no Debt Securities outstanding
which are entitled to the benefit of those provisions under the Indenture.
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Governing Law
- 46 -
The Indenture and the Debt
Securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the
State of New York.
The Trustee
The Trustee under the Indenture
or its affiliates may provide banking and other services to the Corporation in
the ordinary course of their business.
The Indenture will contain
certain limitations on the rights of the Trustee, as long as it or any of its
affiliates remains the Corporation's creditor, to obtain payment of claims in
certain cases or to realize on certain property received on any claim as
security or otherwise. The Trustee and its affiliates will be permitted to
engage in other transactions with the Corporation. If the Trustee or any
affiliate acquires any conflicting interest and a default occurs with respect to
the Debt Securities, the Trustee must eliminate the conflict or resign.
Resignation and Removal of Trustee
A trustee may resign or be
removed with respect to one or more series of the Debt Securities and a
successor trustee may be appointed to act with respect to such series.
Consent to Jurisdiction and Service
Under the Indenture, the
Corporation will irrevocably appoint an authorized agent upon which process may
be served in any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to the
Offered Debt Securities or the Indenture that may be instituted in any United
States federal or New York state court located in The City of New York, and will
submit to such non-exclusive jurisdiction.
Units
We may issue Units comprised of
one or more of the other Securities described in the Prospectus in any
combination. Each Unit will be issued so that the holder of the Unit is also the
holder of each of the Securities included in the Unit. Thus, the holder of a
Unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included Security.
The unit agreement, if any, under which a Unit is issued may provide that the
Securities included in the Unit may not be held or transferred separately, at
any time or at any time before a specified date.
The particular terms and
provisions of Units offered by any Prospectus Supplement, and the extent to
which the general terms and provisions described below may apply thereto, will
be described in the Prospectus Supplement filed in respect of such Units.
RISK FACTORS
Investing in securities of the
Company involves a significant degree of risk and must be considered speculative
due to the high-risk nature of the Companys business. Investors should
carefully consider the information included or incorporated herein by reference
in this Prospectus (including subsequently filed documents incorporated by
reference) and the Companys historical consolidated financial statements and
related notes thereto before making an investment decision concerning the
Securities. There are various risks that could have a material adverse effect
on, among other things, the operating results, earnings, properties, business
and condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company. These risk factors,
together with all of the other information included, or incorporated by
reference in this Prospectus, including information contained in the section
entitled Forward-Looking Statements
should be carefully reviewed and considered before a
decision to invest in the Securities is made. Additional risks and uncertainties
not currently known to the Company, or that the Company currently deems
immaterial, may also materially and adversely affect its business. In addition,
risks relating to a particular offering of Securities will be set out in a
Prospectus Supplement relating to such offering.
- 47 -
Operational risks
Reserves and resources
Mineral reserves and mineral
resources are based on estimates of mineral content and quantity derived from
limited information acquired through drilling and other sampling methods and
requires judgmental interpretations of geology, structure, grade distributions
and trends, and other factors. These estimates may change as more information is
obtained. No assurance can be given that the estimates are accurate or that the
indicated level of metal will be produced. Actual mineralization or formations
may be different from those predicted. Further, it may take many years from the
initial phase of drilling before production is possible, and during that time
the economic feasibility of exploiting a discovery may change.
The SEC does not permit mining
companies to disclose estimates other than mineral reserves in their filings
with the SEC. However, because the Company prepares this Prospectus in
accordance with Canadian disclosure requirements, it contains resource
estimates, which are required by NI 43-101. Mineral resources that are not
mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. It cannot be
assumed that all or any part of the Companys mineral resources constitutes or
will be converted into reserves. Market price fluctuations of gold as well as
increased production and capital costs, reduced recovery rates or technical,
economic, regulatory or other factors may render the Companys proven and
probable reserves unprofitable to develop at a particular site or sites for
periods of time or may render mineral reserves containing relatively lower grade
mineralization uneconomic. Successful extraction requires safe and efficient
mining and processing. Moreover, short-term operating factors relating to the
mineral reserves, such as the need for the orderly development of ore bodies or
the processing of new or different ore types, may cause mineral reserves to
become uneconomical or the Company to be unprofitable in any particular
reporting period. Estimated reserves may have to be recalculated based on actual
production experience. Any of these factors may require the Company to reduce
its mineral reserves and resources, which could have a negative impact on the
Companys financial results.
Failure to obtain or maintain
necessary permits or government approvals, revocation of those permits and
approvals, regulatory changes affecting necessary permits or government
approvals, or environmental concerns could also cause the Company to reduce its
reserves. There is also no assurance that the Company will achieve indicated
levels of gold recovery or obtain the prices for gold production assumed in
determining the amount of such reserves. Anticipated levels of production may be
affected by numerous factors, including mining conditions, labour availability
and relations, weather and supply shortages.
Life of mine plans
Life of mine estimates for each
of the properties of the Company are based on a number of factors and
assumptions and may prove to be incorrect. In addition, life of mine plans, by
design, may have declining grade profiles and increasing rock hardness and mine
life could be shortened if the Company increases production, experiences
increased production costs or if the price of gold declines significantly.
Reserves can be replaced by upgrading existing resources to mineral reserves
generally by the completion of additional drilling and/or development to improve
the estimate confidence and by demonstrating their economic viability, by
expanding known ore bodies, by locating new deposits or by making acquisitions.
- 48 -
Limited history of mining operations
The AGM has limited history of
mining operations. As a result, Asanko is subject to all of the risks associated
with establishing new mining operations including: the timing and cost, which
can be considerable, of the construction of mining and processing facilities;
the availability and costs of skilled labour and mining equipment; the
availability and costs of appropriate smelting and/or refining arrangements; the
need to obtain necessary environmental and other governmental approvals and
permits, and the timing of those approvals and permits; and, the availability of
funds to finance construction and development activities. It is common in new
mining operations to experience unexpected problems and delays during
construction, development, and mine start-up. Such operations are subject to all
the hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration for, and
development and production of gold and other precious or base metals, including
unusual and unexpected geological formations, seismic activity, rock bursts,
fires, cave-ins, flooding and other conditions involved in the drilling and
removal of material as well as industrial accidents, labour force disruptions,
fall of ground accidents in underground operations, and force majeure factors,
any of which could result in damage to, or destruction of, mines and other
producing facilities, damage to person or property, environmental damage,
delays, increased production costs, monetary losses and possible legal
liability. Milling operations are subject to hazards such as equipment failure
or failure of retaining dams around tailings disposal areas, which may result in
environmental pollution and consequent liability. In addition, delays in the
commencement of mineral production often occur.
Consumables
The profitability of the
Companys business is affected by the market prices and availability or
shortages of commodities which are consumed or otherwise used in connection with
the Companys operations. Prices of such commodities also can be subject to
volatile price movements, which can be material and can occur over short periods
of time, and are affected by factors that are beyond the Companys control.
Operations consume significant amounts of energy and are dependent on suppliers
or governments to meet these energy needs and to allow declines in oil prices to
filter through to the Company. In some cases, no alternative source of energy is
available. An increase in the cost, or decrease in the availability, of
construction materials may affect the timing and cost of the Companys
development projects. If the costs of certain commodities consumed or otherwise
used in connection with the Companys operations were to increase significantly,
and remain at such levels for a sustained period of time, this would have a
material adverse impact on the Company. Costs at any particular mining location
are also subject to variation due to a number of factors, such as changing ore
grade, changing metallurgy and revisions to mine plans in response to the
physical shape and location of the ore body or due to operational or processing
changes. Reported costs may also be affected by changes in accounting standards.
A material increase in costs at any significant location could have a
significant effect on the Companys capital expenditures, production schedules,
profitability and operating cash flow.
Production costs
This Prospectus, the documents
incorporated herein by reference and the Companys other public disclosures
contain estimates of future production, operating costs, capital costs and other
economic and financial measures with respect to existing mines and certain
development stage projects. The estimates can change or we may be unable to
achieve them. Actual production, costs, returns and other economic and financial
performance may vary from the estimates depending on a variety of factors, many
of which are not within our control. These factors include, but are not limited
to:
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actual ore mined varying from estimates of grade,
tonnage, dilution, and metallurgical and other characteristics;
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- 49 -
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short-term operating factors such as the need for
sequential development of ore bodies and the processing of new or
different ore grades from those planned;
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mine failures, slope failures or equipment failures;
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industrial accidents;
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natural phenomena such as inclement weather conditions,
floods, droughts, rock slides and earthquakes;
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encountering unusual or unexpected geological conditions;
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changes in power costs and potential power shortages;
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exchange rate and commodity price fluctuations;
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shortages of principal supplies needed for operations,
including explosives, fuels, reagents, water, electrical power and
equipment parts
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increases in the costs of principal supplies;
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labour shortages or strikes;
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litigation;
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terrorism;
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civil unrest and protests;
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restrictions or regulations imposed by governmental or
regulatory authorities;
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permitting or licensing issues; or
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shipping interruptions or delays.
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Failure to achieve production or
cost estimates or material increases in costs could have a material adverse
effect on our future cash flows, profitability, results of operations and
financial condition.
Extraction
A number of factors can affect
the Companys ability to extract ore efficiently in the quantities that we have
budgeted, including, but not limited to:
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ground conditions;
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geotechnical conditions;
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geological conditions;
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chemical effects;
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- 50 -
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efficiency; and
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scheduling.
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These factors may result in a
less than optimal operation and lower throughput or lower recovery, which may
affect the Companys production schedule. Although we review and assess the
risks related to extraction and put appropriate mitigating measures in place,
there is no assurance that we have foreseen and/or accounted for every possible
factor that might cause a project to be delayed, which could have an effect on
business, results of operations, financial condition and share price.
Processing
A number of factors could affect
the Companys ability to process ore in the tonnages budgeted, the quantities of
the metals deleterious materials that are recovered and the ability to
efficiently handle material in the volumes budgeted, including, but not limited
to:
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the presence of oversized material at the crushing stage;
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material showing breakage characteristics different to
those planned;
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material with grades outside of planned grade range;
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the presence of deleterious materials in ratios different
than expected;
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material drier or wetter than expected, due to natural or
environmental effects; and
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viscosity/density different than expected.
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The occurrence of any of the
above could affect the ability of the Company to treat the number of tonnes
planned, recover valuable materials, remove deleterious materials and process
ore, concentrate and tailings as planned. This may result in lower throughput,
lower recoveries, more downtime or some combination of all three. While minor
issues of this nature are part of normal operations, there is no assurance that
conditions will not worsen and have an adverse effect on future cash flow,
results of operations and financial condition.
Equipment malfunctions
The Companys various operations
may encounter delays in or losses of production due to the delay in the delivery
of equipment, key equipment or component malfunctions or breakdowns, damage to
equipment through accident or misuse, including potential complete write-off of
damaged units, or delay in the delivery or the lack of availability of spare
parts or specialized service technicians, which may impede maintenance
activities on equipment. In addition, equipment may be subject to aging, if not
replaced, or through inappropriate use or misuse and may become obsolete. Any
one of these factors could adversely impact the Companys operations,
profitability and financial results.
Legislative changes
The Company is subject to
continuously evolving legislation, including, but not limited to, the areas of
labour, environment, land titles, mining practices and taxation. Compliance with
these laws may require significant expenditures. If the Company is unable to
comply fully, it may be subject to enforcement actions or other liabilities, or
its image and reputation may be harmed, all of which could materially affect operating costs, delay or curtail operations
or cause the Company to be unable to obtain or maintain required permits. There
can be no assurance that the Company has been or will be at all times in
compliance with all applicable laws regulations, that compliance will not be
challenged or that the costs of complying with current and future laws and
regulations will not materially or adversely affect the business, operations or
results.
- 51 -
New laws and regulations,
amendments to existing laws and regulations or administrative interpretation, or
more stringent enforcement of existing laws and regulations, whether in response
to changes in the political or social environment the Company operates in or
otherwise, could have a material and adverse effect on the Companys future cash
flow, results of operations and financial condition.
Key employees
The Companys ability to
effectively manage its corporate, exploration and operations teams depends in
large part on the Companys ability to attract and retain key individuals in
management positions and as senior leaders within the organization. The success
of the Company also depends on the technical expertise of its professional
employees. The Company faces competition for qualified management,
professionals, executives and skilled personnel from other companies. There can
be no assurance that the Company will continue to be able to compete
successfully with its competitors in attracting and retaining senior leaders,
qualified management and technical talent with the necessary skills and
experience to manage its current needs. The length of time required to recruit
key personnel and fill a position may be longer than anticipated. The failure to
attract and retain capable leaders and key management professionals as well as
qualified talent to manage the existing operations and projects effectively
could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial
condition and/or operational results.
Labour disruptions
The Company is dependent on its
workforce to extract and process minerals. Relations between the Company and its
employees may be impacted by changes in labour relations which may be introduced
by, among other things, employee groups, unions and the relevant governmental
authorities in whose jurisdictions the Company carries on business. Labour
disruptions at the Companys properties could have a material adverse impact on
its business, results of operations and financial condition. A number of the
Companys employees are represented by labour unions under various collective
labour agreements. In addition, existing labour agreements may not prevent a
strike or work stoppage at the Companys facilities in the future, and any such
work stoppage could have a material adverse effect on the Companys earnings and
financial condition.
Political and legal risks
Mining investments are subject to
the risks normally associated with any conduct of business in foreign and/or
emerging countries including:
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political;
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war, terrorism and civil disturbance risks;
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changes in laws or policies of particular countries,
including those relating to royalties, duties, imports, exports and
currency;
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the cancellation or renegotiation of contracts;
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the imposition of royalties, net profits payments, tax
increases or other claims by government entities, including retroactive
claims;
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the risk of expropriation and nationalization; and
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delays in obtaining or the inability to obtain necessary
governmental permits or the reimbursement of refundable tax from fiscal
authorities.
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Other risks include the potential
for fraud and corruption by suppliers, personnel or government officials which
may implicate the Company, compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws,
including the U.S.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
(
FCPA
) and the
Canadian
Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act
(
CFPOA
) by
virtue of the Company operating in jurisdictions that may be vulnerable to the
possibility of bribery, collusion, kickbacks, theft, improper commissions,
facilitation payments, conflicts of interest and related party transactions and
the Companys possible failure to identify, manage and mitigate instances of
fraud, corruption, or violations of its code of conduct and applicable
regulatory requirements.
There is also the risk of
increased disclosure requirements, including those pursuant to the Dodd-Frank
Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; currency fluctuations;
restrictions on the ability of local operating companies to sell gold offshore
for U.S. dollars, and on the ability of such companies to hold U.S. dollars or
other foreign currencies in offshore bank accounts; import and export
regulations, including restrictions on the export of gold or on the import, for
further gold processing; limitations on the repatriation of earnings or on the
Companys ability to assist in minimizing its expatriate workforces exposure to
double taxation in both the home and host jurisdictions; and increased financing
costs.
These risks may limit or disrupt
operating mines or projects, restrict the movement of funds, cause the Company
to have to expend more funds than previously expected or required, or result in
the deprivation of contract rights or the taking of property by nationalization
or expropriation without fair compensation, and may materially adversely affect
the Companys financial position and/or results of operations. In addition, the
enforcement by the Company of its legal rights in foreign countries, including
rights to exploit its properties or utilize its permits and licenses and
contractual rights may not be recognized by the court systems in such foreign
countries or enforced in accordance with the rule of law.
It is possible that a current or
future government of any country in which the Company has mining projects or
operations may adopt substantially different policies or take arbitrary action
which might halt exploration or production, nationalize assets or cancel
contracts and/or mining and exploration rights and/or make changes in taxation
treatment any of which could have a material and adverse effect on the Companys
future cash flows, earnings, results of operations and/or financial condition.
Contractors
The Company uses contractors at
the AGM for the majority of its mining activities. As a result, operations at
the AGM are subject to a number of risks, some of which will be outside of the
Companys control, including:
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negotiating agreements with contractors on acceptable
terms;
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the inability to replace a contractor and its operating
equipment in the event that either party terminates the agreement;
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- 53 -
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reduced control over such aspects of operations that are
the responsibility of the contractor;
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failure of a contractor to perform under its agreement
with us;
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interruption of operations in the event that a contractor
ceases its business due to insolvency or other unforeseen events;
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failure of a contractor to comply with applicable legal
and regulatory requirements, to the extent that it is responsible for such
compliance; and
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problems of a contractor with managing its workforce,
labour unrest or other employment issues.
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In addition, the Company may
incur liability to third parties as a result of the actions of a contractor. The
occurrence of one or more of these risks could have a material adverse effect on
the business, results of operations and financial condition.
Mining is inherently dangerous
Mining operations generally
involve a high degree of risk. The Companys operations are subject to all the
hazards and risks normally encountered in the exploration, development and
production of gold, including, but not limited to: unusual and unexpected
geological formations; seismic activity; cave-ins or slides; flooding; pit wall
failures; periodic interruption due to inclement or hazardous weather
conditions; and other conditions involved in the drilling and removal of
material, any of which could result in damage to, or destruction of, mines and
other producing facilities, personal injury or death, damage to property,
environmental damage and possible legal liability. Milling operations are
subject to hazards such as fire, equipment failure or failure of retaining dams
around tailings disposal areas, which may result in environmental pollution and
consequent liability.
Environmental and Health and Safety Issues
Although the Company monitors its
mining sites for potential environmental hazards, there is no assurance that it
has detected, or can detect all possible risks to the environment arising from
the business and operations. The Company expends significant resources to comply
with environmental laws, regulations and permitting requirements, and expects to
continue to do so in the future. Failure to comply with applicable environmental
laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in injunctions,
damages, suspension or revocation of permits and imposition of penalties. There
is no assurance that:
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the Company has been or will be at all times in complete
compliance with such laws, regulations and permitting requirements, or
with any new or amended laws, regulations and permitting requirements that
may be imposed from time to time;
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the compliance will not be challenged; or
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the costs of compliance will be economical and will not
materially or adversely affect the Companys future cash flow, results of
operations and financial condition.
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The Company may be subject to
proceedings in respect of alleged failures to comply with increasingly strict
environmental laws, regulations or permitting requirements or of posing a threat
to or of having caused hazards or damage to the environment or to persons or
property. While any such proceedings are in process, the Company could suffer
delays or impediments to or suspension of development and construction of projects and operations and,
even if we are ultimately successful, the Company may not be compensated for the
losses resulting from any such proceedings or delays.
- 54 -
There may be existing
environmental hazards, contamination or damage at Asankos mines or projects
that we are unaware of. The Company may also be held responsible for addressing
environmental hazards, contamination or damage caused by current or former
activities at our mine sites or projects or exposure to hazardous substances,
regardless of whether or not hazard, damage, contamination or exposure was
caused by the activities of Asanko or by previous owners or operators of the
property.
Any finding of liability in such
proceedings could result in additional substantial costs, delays in the
exploration, development and operation of the properties of the Company and
other penalties and liabilities related to associated losses, including, but not
limited to:
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restrictions on or suspension of the activities of the
Company;
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loss of rights, permits and property, including loss of
the Companys ability to operate in that country or generally;
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completion of extensive remedial cleanup or paying for
government or third-party remedial cleanup;
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premature reclamation of operating sites; and
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seizure of funds or forfeiture of bonds.
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The costs of complying with any
orders made or any cleanup required and related liabilities from such
proceedings or events may be significant and could have a material adverse
effect on the business, results of operations, financial condition and share
price.
In Ghana, the Company is required
to submit, for government approval, a reclamation plan for each of its mining
sites that establishes the Companys obligation to reclaim property after
minerals have been mined from the site. Further, the Company is required to
provide security to the EPA of Ghana for the performance by the Company of its
reclamation obligations in respect of the Abriem, Abore and Adubea mining
leases. Although the Company has currently made provision for certain of our
reclamation obligations, there is no assurance that these provisions will be
adequate in the future.
Climate Change
The Company acknowledges climate
change and that the increased regulation of greenhouse gas emissions (known as
carbon taxes) may adversely affect the Companys operations and related
legislation is becoming more stringent. The effects of climate change or extreme
weather events may cause prolonged disruption to the delivery of essential
commodities which could negatively affect production efficiency.
The Company makes efforts to
mitigate climate risks by ensuring that extreme weather conditions are included
in its emergency response plans. However, there is no assurance that the
response will be effective and the physical risks of climate change will not
have an adverse effect on the Companys operations and profitability. The Paris
climate accord signed by 195 countries in December 2015 marks a global shift
toward a low-carbon economy.
- 55 -
Health and Safety Risks
The Company is exposed to
pandemics such as malaria and other diseases, such as dengue and chikungunya.
Such pandemics and diseases represent a serious threat to maintaining a skilled
workforce in the mining industry in Africa and is a major healthcare challenge
for the Company.
In addition, as a result of
workplace accidents due to the inherent dangers of mining operations, there can
be no assurance that the Company will not lose members of its workforce or see
its workforce productivity reduced or avoid incurring medical costs, which could
have a material and adverse effect on the Companys future cash flows, earning,
results of operations and financial condition.
Permitting
The operation, exploration and
development projects of the Company require licenses and permits from various
governmental authorities to exploit its properties, and the process for
obtaining and renewing licenses and permits from governmental authorities often
takes an extended period of time and is subject to numerous delays, costs and
uncertainties. Any unexpected delays or costs or failure to obtain such licenses
or permits associated with the permitting process could delay or prevent the
development of the AGM by means of either P5M or P10M, or impede the operation
of a mine, which could adversely impact the Companys operations, profitability
and financial results. Such licenses and permits are subject to change in
various circumstances. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations
may result in injunctions, fines, suspensions or revocation of permits and
licenses, and other penalties. There can be no assurance that the Company has
been or will be at all times in compliance with all such laws and regulations
and with conditions associated with its licenses and permits or that the Company
has all required licenses and permits in connection with its operations. The
Company may be unable, on a timely basis, to obtain, renew or maintain in the
future all necessary licenses and permits that may be required to explore and
develop its properties, maintain the operation of mining facilities and
properties under exploration or development or to maintain continued operations
that economically justify the cost.
The Companys ability to obtain
and maintain required permits and approvals and to successfully operate, in
particular, may be adversely impacted by real or perceived detrimental events
associated with the Companys activities or those of other resource companies
affecting the environment, human health and safety of the surrounding
communities. Delays in obtaining or failure to obtain, renew, or retain
government permits and approvals may adversely affect the Companys operations,
including its ability to explore or develop properties, commence production or
continue operations.
Land title
The validity of exploration,
development and mining interests and the underlying mineral claims, mining
claims, mining leases, tenements and other forms of land and mineral tenure held
by the Company, which fundamentally constitute the Companys property holdings,
can be uncertain and may be contested and the Companys properties are subject
to various encumbrances, including royalties.
Acquisition of title to mineral properties is a very detailed
and time-consuming process, and the Companys title to its properties may be
affected by prior unregistered encumbrances, agreements or transfers, or
undetected defects. Although the Company has attempted to acquire satisfactory
title to its properties, some risk exists that some titles, particularly title
to exploration and undeveloped properties, may be defective. A successful
challenge to the Companys title to its properties could result in the Company
being unable to operate on its properties as anticipated or being unable to
enforce its rights with respect to its properties which could have a material
adverse effect on the Company. Assuming the Company has good and marketable
title to its immediate operating interests in order to operate efficiently, the Company may further need to acquire other title, such as
surface title, easements or rights of way, which may encroach on the title to
property of third parties. There is no guarantee that such further title,
easements or rights of way necessary for the Companys operations may be
acquired by the Company and the failure to acquire the same, or to acquire the
same in a timely fashion, may materially impede the Companys operations.
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Geotechnical
Mining, by its very nature,
involves the excavation of soils and rocks. The stability of the ground during
and after excavation involves a complicated interaction of static and dynamic
stresses (including induced stresses such as blasting), gravity, rock strength,
rock structures (such as faults, joints, and bedding), groundwater pressures and
other geomechanical factors.
Additionally, excavated ore and
waste may be deposited in dumps or stockpiles, or used in the construction of
tailings dams and roads or other civil structures, which may be very large.
These dumps, stockpiles, dams, etc. may also be subject to geotechnical failure
due to over-steepening, seismically induced destabilization, water saturation,
material degradation, settling, overtopping, foundation failure or other
factors.
The Company employs internal
geotechnical experts, external consultants and third-party reviewers and
auditors who use industry-standard engineering data gathering, analyses,
techniques and processes to manage the geotechnical risks associated with the
design and operation of a mine and the related civil structures. However, due to
unforeseen situations and due to the complexity of these rock masses and large
rock and soil civil structures, geotechnical failures may still occur which
could result in the temporary or permanent closure of all or part of a mining
operation and/or damage to mine infrastructure, equipment or facilities, which
materially impacts mineral production and/or results in additional costs to
repair or recover from such geotechnical failures and the resulting damage.
Community risk
Maintaining a positive
relationship with the communities in which Asanko operates is critical to
continuing successful operation of the AGM, as well as construction and
development of existing and new projects. Community support for mining
operations is a key component of a successful mining venture.
As a mining business, Asanko may
come under pressure in the jurisdictions in which it operates, or will operate
in the future, to demonstrate that other stakeholders (including employees,
communities surrounding operations and the countries in which we operate)
benefit and will continue to benefit from the Companys commercial activities,
and/or that it operates in a manner that will minimize any potential damage or
disruption to the interests of those stakeholders. Asanko may face opposition
with respect to current and future development and exploration projects which
could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial
condition and share price.
Surrounding communities may
affect or threaten the security of the mining operations through the restriction
of access of supplies and the workforce to the mine site or the conduct of
artisanal mining at or near the mine sites. The material properties of the
Company may be subject to the rights or asserted rights of various community
stakeholders, including indigenous people, through legal challenges relating to
ownership rights or rights to artisanal mining. The Company is exposed to
artisanal and illegal mining activities in close proximity to its operations
that may cause environmental issues and disruptions to the operations and
relationships with governments and local communities.
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Infrastructure and Water Access
The Companys operations are
carried out in geographical areas which lack developed infrastructure and are
subject to various other risk factors, including the availability of sufficient
water supplies. Mining, processing, development and exploration activities
depend, to one degree or another, on adequate infrastructure. Reliable roads,
bridges, power sources and water supply are important determinants which affect
capital and operating costs. Lack of such infrastructure or unusual or
infrequent weather phenomena, sabotage, terrorism, government or other
interference in the maintenance or provision of such infrastructure could
adversely affect the Companys operations, financial condition and/or results of
operations.
The Companys failure to obtain
needed water permits, the loss of some or all of the Companys water rights for
any of its mines or shortages of water due to drought or loss of water permits
could require the Company to curtail or close mining production and could
prevent the Company from pursuing expansion opportunities.
Exploration and development risks
Exploration
Gold and other metal exploration
is highly speculative in nature, involves many risks and is often not
productive; there is no assurance that we will be successful in our gold
exploration efforts.
The Companys ability to increase
mineral reserves is dependent on a number of factors, including the geological
and technical expertise of our management and exploration teams, the quality of
land available for exploration and other factors. Once gold mineralization is
discovered, it can take several years of exploration and development before
production is possible, and the economic feasibility of production can change
during that time.
Substantial expenditures are
required to carry out exploration and development activities to establish proven
and probable mineral reserves and determine the optimal metallurgical process to
extract the metals from the ore.
Once the Company has found ore in
sufficient quantities and grades to be considered economic for extraction,
metallurgical testing is required to determine whether the metals can be
extracted economically. There may be associated metals or minerals that make the
extraction process more difficult.
There is no assurance that our
exploration programs will expand the Companys current mineral reserves or
replace them with new mineral reserves. Failure to replace or expand the mineral
reserves could have an adverse effect on the Company.
Mine development
The further development of P5M of
the AGM will require upgrades to the recovery circuit, including installation of
an ILR & Knelson concentrator, a second oxygen plant, expanding the
electro-winning capacity in the gold room, the construction and operation of an
open-pit mine and an overland conveyor. As a result, the Company is and shall
continue to be subject to all of the risks associated with establishing new
mining operations including:
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the availability of funds to finance construction and
development activities;
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the receipt of required governmental approvals and
permits;
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the availability and costs of skilled labour and the
ability of key contractors to perform services in the manner contracted
for;
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unanticipated changes in grade and tonnage of ore to be
mined and processed;
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unanticipated adverse geotechnical conditions;
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incorrect data on which engineering assumptions are made;
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potential increases in construction and operating costs
due to changes in the cost of fuel, power, materials, skilled labour,
security and supplies;
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adequate access to the site and unanticipated
transportation costs or disruptions; and
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potential opposition or obstruction from non-governmental
organizations, environmental groups, terrorists or local groups which may
delay or prevent development activities.
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Any delay in the performance of
any one or more of the contractors, suppliers, consultants or other persons on
which we are dependent in connection with P5M or P10M, a delay in or failure to
receive the required governmental approvals and permits in a timely manner or on
reasonable terms, or a delay in or failure in connection with the completion and
successful operation of the operational elements in connection with P5M or P10M
could delay or prevent the construction and associated start-up of the Esaase
pit as planned. There can be no assurances that the current construction and
start-up plan for P5M or P10M will be successful.
Risks Relating to the Value of Securities
The Companys Common Shares may experience price and
volume volatility
The Companys Common Shares are
publicly traded and are subject to various factors that have historically made
the common share price volatile. The market price of Asankos Common Shares has
experienced, and may continue to experience, significant volatility, which may
result in losses to investors. The market price of Asankos Common Shares may
increase or decrease in response to a number of events and factors, including:
operating performance and the performance of competitors and other similar
companies, volatility in metal prices, the publics reaction to news releases on
developments at mines and other properties, material change reports, other
public announcements and the Companys filings with the various securities
regulatory authorities, changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by
research analysts who track Asankos Common Shares or the shares of other
companies in the resource sector, changes in general economic and/or political
conditions, the number of Common Shares to be publicly traded after an offering
of Asankos Common Shares, the arrival or departure of key personnel,
acquisitions, strategic alliances or joint ventures involving the Companys or
its competitors, and the other risk factors described herein.
In addition, the global stock
markets and prices for mining company shares have experienced volatility that
often has been unrelated to the operating performance of such companies. These
market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of
Asankos Common Shares, regardless of our operating performance. The variables
which are not directly related to the Companys success and are, therefore, not
within the Companys control, include other developments that affect the market
for mining company shares, the breadth of the public market for Asankos Common
Shares and the attractiveness of alternative investments. The price of
securities of the Company is also likely to be significantly affected by
short-term changes in commodity prices, other precious metal prices or other
mineral prices, currency exchange fluctuation and the political environment in
the countries in which we do business and globally.
- 59 -
The effect of these and other
factors on the market price of Asankos Common Shares on the exchanges on which
they trade has historically made Asankos common share price volatile and
suggests that the common share price will continue to be volatile in the future.
In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a Companys
securities, shareholders have often instituted class action securities
litigation against those companies. Such litigation, if instituted, could result
in substantial costs and diversion of management attention and resources, which
could significantly harm the Companys profitability and reputation.
Financial Risks
Gold price fluctuations
The Companys revenues depend in
part on the market prices for gold. Gold prices fluctuate widely and are
affected by numerous factors beyond the Companys control including central bank
lending, sales and purchases of gold, producer hedging activities, expectations
of inflation, the level of demand for gold as an investment, speculative
trading, the relative exchange rate of the US dollar with other major
currencies, interest rates, global and regional demand, political and economic
conditions and uncertainties, industrial and jewelry demand, production costs in
major gold producing regions and worldwide production and reserve levels. The
aggregate effect of these factors is impossible to predict with accuracy.
Fluctuations in gold prices may materially and adversely affect the Companys
financial performance or results of operations. The Company does not currently
hedge its gold sales although it may do so in future.
Insufficient financing
To fund growth, the Company may
need to secure necessary capital through loans or other forms of permanent
capital. The availability and cost of this capital is subject to general
economic conditions and lender and investor interest in the Company and its
projects. The Company is reviewing possible options to fund the second stage of
P5M, based on the Companys balance sheet, cash flow from operations and capital
market conditions. In addition, the Company may seek funding for P10M or to
further its search and exploration for new mineral deposits and their
development. Financing may not be available when needed or, if available, may
not be available on terms acceptable to the Company. Failure to obtain any
financing necessary for the Companys capital expenditure plans may result in a
delay or indefinite postponement of exploration, development or production on
any or all of the Companys properties.
Shareholder dilution
The adequacy of the Companys
capital structure is assessed on an ongoing basis and adjusted as necessary
after taking into consideration the Companys strategic plans, market and
forecasted gold prices, the mining industry, general economic conditions and
associated risks. In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the
Company may adjust its capital spending, issue new Common Shares, purchase
Common Shares for cancellation pursuant to normal course issuer bids, issue new
debt or reimburse existing debt. The constating documents of the Company allow
it to issue, among other things, an unlimited number of Common Shares for such
consideration and on such terms and conditions as may be established by the
Board of Directors of the Company, in many cases, without the approval of shareholders. The Company cannot predict the size of future
issues of Common Shares or the issue of securities convertible into Common
Shares of Asanko or the effect, if any, that future issues and sales of the
Companys Common Shares will have on the market price of its Common Shares. Any
transaction involving the issue of previously authorized but unissued Common
Shares or securities convertible into Common Shares would result in dilution,
possibly substantial, to present and prospective holders of Common Shares.
- 60 -
Debt repayment
The Company has the option of
deferring the commencement of principal repayments on its definitive senior debt
facilities until July 1, 2019 and expects to obtain the funds to pay its
expenses and to pay the principal and interest on its debt by utilizing cash
flow from operations. The Companys ability to make scheduled payments on
outstanding debt depends on its financial condition and operating performance,
which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions beyond its
control, including fluctuations in the gold price. If the Companys cash flows
and capital resources are insufficient to fund its debt service obligations, it
could face substantial liquidity problems and could be forced to reduce or delay
investments and capital expenditures or to dispose of material assets or
operations, seek additional debt or equity capital or restructure or refinance
indebtedness. The Company may not be able to affect any such alternative
measures, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if
successful, those alternatives may not allow the Company to meet its scheduled
debt service obligations.
The Companys inability to
generate sufficient cash flows to satisfy its debt obligations, or to refinance
its indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would materially
and adversely affect the business, the results of operations and the ability to
satisfy obligations including those with respect to debt instruments.
Interest rates
The Companys financial results
are affected by movements in interest rates. Interest payments under the
Companys definitive senior facilities agreement are subject to fluctuation
based on changes to specified interest rates. If interest rates increase, the
Companys debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness will
increase even though the amount borrowed remained the same, and the Companys
net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our
indebtedness, will correspondingly decrease. The Company does not currently
hedge against interest rate risk, although it may do so from time to time in the
future.
Foreign currency and foreign exchange
The Company receives revenue from
operations in US dollars but incurs a portion of its operating expenses and
costs in foreign currencies including Ghanaian Cedis, South African Rand, and
Canadian dollars. Each of these currencies fluctuates in value and is subject to
their own countrys political and economic conditions and the Company is
therefore subject to fluctuations in the exchange rates between the US dollar
and these currencies. These fluctuations could have a material effect on the
Companys future cash flow, business, results of operations, financial condition
and share price and lead to higher construction, development and costs other
than anticipated. The Company does not currently hedge against currency exchange
risks, although it may do so from time to time in the future.
- 61 -
Credit rating downgrade
The Companys debt is owed to a
single lender and accordingly has no rating. Any rating assigned to any Debt
issued could in future be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency if,
in that rating agencys judgment, future circumstances relating to the basis of
the rating, such as adverse changes, so warrant. Consequently, real or
anticipated changes in the Companys credit ratings will generally affect the
market value of the Companys debt. Additionally, credit ratings may not reflect
the potential effect of risks relating to the structure of the Companys debt.
Any future lowering of the Companys ratings likely would make it more difficult
or more expensive for the Company to obtain additional debt financing or to
restructure its existing debt.
Taxation
The Company has operations and
conducts business in a number of different jurisdictions and is subject to the
taxation laws of each such jurisdiction. These taxation laws are complicated and
subject to changes and are subject to review and assessment in the ordinary
course. Any such changes in taxation law or reviews and assessments could result
in higher taxes being payable by the Company, which could adversely affect
profitability. Taxes and other local laws and requirements may also adversely
affect the Companys ability to repatriate earnings and otherwise deploy assets.
In addition, the Company is
subject to routine tax audits by various tax authorities. Tax audits may result
in additional tax, interest payments and penalties which would negatively affect
the Companys financial condition and operating results.
Repatriation of funds
Asanko expects to generate cash
flow and profits at our foreign subsidiaries, and may need to repatriate funds
from those subsidiaries to service indebtedness or fulfill the Companys
business plans, in particular in relation to ongoing expenditures at development
assets. Asanko may not be able to repatriate funds due to loan agreement
covenants or tax rules, or may incur tax payments or other costs when doing so,
as a result of a change in applicable law or tax requirements at local
subsidiary levels, and such costs could be material.
Financial reporting risks
Inadequate controls over financial reporting
The Company assessed and tested,
for its 2016 fiscal year, its internal control procedures in order to satisfy
the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). SOX requires
an annual assessment by management of the effectiveness of the Companys
internal control over financial reporting and an attestation report by the
Companys independent auditors addressing the effectiveness of the Companys
internal controls over financial reporting. The Companys failure to satisfy the
requirements of Section 404 of SOX on an ongoing and timely basis could result
in the loss of investor confidence in the reliability of its financial
statements, which in turn could harm the Companys business and negatively
impact the trading price of its Common Shares or market value of its other
securities. In addition, any failure to implement required new or improved
controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation could harm the
Companys operating results or cause it to fail to meet its reporting
obligations.
No evaluation can provide
complete assurance that the Companys internal control over financial reporting
will detect or uncover all failures of persons within the Company to disclose
material information required to be reported. Accordingly, the Companys
management does not expect that its internal control over financial reporting
will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud.
- 62 -
Public company obligations
The Companys business is subject
to evolving corporate governance and public disclosure regulations that have
increased both the Companys compliance costs and the risk of non-compliance,
which could have an adverse effect on the Companys stock price.
The Company is subject to
changing rules and regulations promulgated by a number of U.S. and Canadian
governmental and self-regulated organizations, including the SEC, the Canadian
Securities Administrators, the NYSE American, the TSX, and the IASB. These rules
and regulations continue to evolve in scope and complexity and many new
requirements have been created in response to laws enacted by the U.S. Congress,
making compliance more difficult and uncertain.
Carrying value of assets
The carrying value of the
Companys assets is compared to internal estimates of their estimated fair value
to assess how much value can be recovered based on current events and
circumstances. The Companys fair value estimates are based on numerous
assumptions and are adjusted from time to time and the actual fair value, which
also varies over time, could be significantly different than these
estimates.
If there are no mitigating
valuation factors and the Company does not achieve its valuation assumptions, or
it experiences a decline in the fair value of our reporting units, it could
result in an impairment charge, which could have an adverse effect on the
Company.
Change in reporting standards
Changes in accounting or
financial reporting standards may have an adverse effect on the Companys
financial condition and results of operations in the future.
Corporate risks
Insurance and Uninsured risks
Where economically feasible and
based on availability of coverage, a number of operational, financial and
political risks are transferred to insurance companies. The availability of such
insurance is dependent on the Companys past insurance losses and records and
general market conditions. Available insurance does not cover all of the
potential risks associated with a mining companys operations. The Company may
also be unable to maintain insurance to cover insurable risks at economically
feasible premiums, insurance coverage may not be available in the future or may
not be adequate to cover any resulting loss, and the ability to claim under
existing policies may be contested. Moreover, insurance against risks such as
the validity and ownership of unpatented mining claims and mill sites and
environmental pollution or other hazards as a result of exploration and
production is not generally available to the Company or to other companies in
the mining industry on acceptable terms. As a result, the Company might become
subject to liability for environmental damage or other hazards for which it is
completely or partially uninsured or for which it elects not to insure because
of premium costs or other reasons. Losses from these events may cause the
Company to incur significant costs that could have a material adverse effect
upon its financial condition and/or results of operations.
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Litigation
The Company is from time to time
subject to litigation arising in the normal course of business and may be
involved in disputes with other parties, including governments and its
workforce, in the future which may result in litigation. The causes of potential
future litigation cannot be known and may arise from, among other things,
business activities, environmental laws, volatility in stock price, failure to
comply with disclosure obligations under securities laws or the presence of
illegal miners or labour disruptions at its mine sites. The results and costs of
litigation cannot be predicted with certainty. If the Company is unable to
resolve these disputes favourably, it may have a material adverse impact on the
Companys financial performance, cash flow and results of operations.
In the event of a dispute
involving the foreign operations of the Company, the Company may be subject to
the exclusive jurisdiction of foreign courts or may not be successful in
subjecting foreign persons to the jurisdiction of courts in Canada. The
Companys ability to enforce its rights or its potential exposure to the
enforcement in Canada or locally of judgments from foreign courts could have an
adverse effect on its future cash flows, earnings, results of operations and
financial condition.
Reputational risk
Damage to Asankos reputation can
be the result of the actual or perceived occurrence of any number of events, and
could include any negative publicity, whether true or not. Although Asanko
believes that it operates in a manner that is respectful to all stakeholders and
takes care in protecting its image and reputation, it does not have control over
how it is perceived by others. Any reputation loss could result in decreased
investor confidence and increased challenges in developing and maintaining
community relations which may have adverse effects on the business, results of
operations, financial condition and share price.
Acquisitions and Dispositions
The Company may pursue the
acquisition or disposition of producing, development or advanced stage
exploration properties and companies. The search for attractive acquisition
opportunities and the completion of suitable transactions are time consuming and
expensive, and may be unsuccessful. The Companys success in its acquisition
activities depends on its ability to identify suitable acquisition candidates,
negotiate acceptable terms for any such acquisition, obtain necessary regulatory
approvals and integrate the acquired operations successfully with those of the
Company. Any acquisition that the Company may choose to complete may be of a
significant size, may change the scale of the Companys business and operations
and may expose the Company to new geographical, political, operational,
financial and geological risks. For example:
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there may be a significant change in gold or other
commodity prices after the Company has committed to complete an
acquisition and established the purchase price or share exchange ratio;
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a material ore body may prove to be below expectations;
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the Company may have difficulty integrating and
assimilating the operations and personnel of any acquired companies,
realizing anticipated synergies, maximizing the financial and strategic
position of the combined enterprise, and maintaining uniform standards,
policies and controls across the organization;
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the integration of the acquired business or assets may
disrupt the Companys ongoing business and its relationships with
employees, suppliers and contractor; and
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the acquired business or assets may have unknown
liabilities which may be significant.
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Competitors
The Company competes with other
mining companies and individuals for mining interests on attractive exploration
properties and the acquisition of mining assets, including competitors with
greater financial, technical or other resources. This may increase the risk of
higher costs when acquiring suitable claims, properties and assets or of even
making such acquisitions on terms acceptable to the Company. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully with its
competitors in acquiring such properties and assets.
Information systems security threats
The Company is reliant on the
continuous and uninterrupted operation of its Information Technology
(
IT
) systems. User access and security of all IT systems can be
critical elements to the operations of the Company. Protection against cyber
security incidents, cloud security and security of all of the Companys IT
systems are critical to the operations of the Company. Any IT failure pertaining
to availability, access or system security could result in disruption for
personnel and could adversely affect the reputation, operations or financial
performance of the Company.
The Companys IT systems could be
compromised by unauthorized parties attempting to extract business sensitive,
confidential or personal information, corrupting information or disrupting
business processes or by inadvertent or intentional actions by the Companys
employees or vendors. A cyber security incident resulting in a security breach
or failure to identify a security threat could disrupt business and could result
in the loss of business sensitive, confidential or personal information or other
assets, as well as litigation, regulatory enforcement, violation of privacy or
securities laws and regulations, and remediation costs.
If any of the foregoing events,
or other risk factor events not described herein occur, our business, financial
condition or results of operations could suffer. In that event, the market price
of our securities would likely, absent positive catalysts, decline and investors
could lose part or all of their investment.
Other risks and uncertainties
The exploration, development and
mining of natural resources are highly speculative in nature and are subject to
significant risks. The risk factors noted in the Prospectus do not necessarily
comprise all risks faced by the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not
presently known to the Company or that management currently consider immaterial
may also impair our business, operations and future prospects. If any of the
noted risks actually occur, the Companys business may be harmed and the
Companys financial condition and results of operations may suffer
significantly.
The Company is a Canadian company and shareholder
protections differ from shareholder protections in the United States and
elsewhere.
We are organized and exist under
the laws of British Columbia, Canada and, accordingly, are governed by the
Business Corporations Act
(British Columbia) (the BCBCA). This BCBCA
differs in certain material respects from laws generally applicable to United
States corporations and shareholders, including the provisions relating to
interested directors, mergers and similar arrangements, takeovers, shareholders
suits, indemnification of directors and inspection of corporation records.
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The Company is a foreign private issuer within the
meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and as such is exempt from certain
provisions applicable to United States domestic public companies.
Because we are a foreign private
issuer under the U.S. Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions of
the securities rules and regulations in the United States that are applicable to
U.S. domestic issuers, including:
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the rules under the U.S. Exchange Act requiring the
filing of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K
with the SEC;
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the sections of the U.S. Exchange Act regulating the
solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a
security registered under the U.S. Exchange Act;
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the sections of the U.S. Exchange Act requiring insiders
to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and
liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of
time; and
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the selective disclosure rules by issuers of material
non-public information under Regulation FD.
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We are required to file an annual
report on Form 40-F with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
within three months of the end of each fiscal year. We do not intend to
voluntarily file annual reports on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q
in lieu of Form 40-F requirements. For so long as we choose to only comply with
foreign private issuer requirements, the information we are required to file
with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely compared to
that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. As a result,
you may not be afforded the same protections or information which would be made
available to you if you were investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.
CERTAIN INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The applicable Prospectus
Supplement will describe certain Canadian federal income tax consequences to
investors described therein of acquiring Securities.
The applicable Prospectus
Supplement will also describe certain United States federal income tax
consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of Securities by an
initial investor who is a U.S. person (within the meaning of the United States
Internal Revenue Code), if applicable, including, to the extent applicable, any
such consequences relating to Securities payable in a currency other than the
United States dollar, issued at an original issue discount for United States
federal income tax purposes or other special terms.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters relating to
the Securities offered by this Prospectus will be passed upon for us by McMillan
LLP, Vancouver, B.C., with respect to matters of Canadian and United States
securities laws.
TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The transfer agent and registrar
for the Common Shares of the Company is Computershare Investor Services Inc. at
its principal office in Vancouver, British Columbia and Toronto, Ontario.
- 66 -
INTEREST OF EXPERTS
The following are the names of
each person or company who has prepared or certified a report, valuation,
statement or opinion in this Prospectus, either directly or in a document
incorporated by reference, and whose profession or business gives authority to
the report, valuation, statement or opinion made by the person or company:
|
|
McMillan LLP, as the Companys counsel with respect to
legal matters;
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|
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|
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KMPG LLP, Chartered Accountants, as the external auditor
of the Company who reported on the Companys audited financial statements
for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, as filed on SEDAR and
incorporated into this Prospectus by reference;
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|
|
|
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Charles J. Muller, B.Sc. (Geology), B.Sc. Hons (Geology),
Pr. Sci. Nat., Qualified Person, as defined by NI 43-101, with respect to
the respect to the following technical reports referred to in our 2016 AIF
and in this prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017
(information as of June 5, 2017 and herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 5,
2017;
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 29,
2015;
|
|
|
David Morgan, M.Sc. Eng. (Civil), CPEng, Qualified Person
for the Company, as defined by NI 43-101, with respect to the respect to
the following technical reports referred to in our 2016 AIF and in this
prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017
(information as of June 5, 2017 and herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 5,
2017;
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 29,
2015;
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|
|
Doug Heher, B.Sc. Eng. (Mechanical), PrEng, Qualified
Person for the Company, as defined by NI 43-101, with respect to the
respect to the following technical report referred to in our 2016 AIF and
in this prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017 (information as of June 5, 2017 and
herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
- 67 -
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101
Technical
Report
dated June 5, 2017;
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101
Technical
Report
dated June 29, 2015;
|
|
|
Malcolm Titley, B.Sc. (Geology and Chemistry), MAIG;
MAusIMM, Qualified Person for the Company, as defined by NI 43-101, with
respect to the respect to the following technical report referred to in
our 2016 AIF and in this prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017
(information as of June 5, 2017 and herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 5,
2017;
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 29,
2015;
|
|
|
Thomas Obiri-Yeboah, Pr. Eng. (Mining), PrEng., Qualified
Person for the Company, as defined by NI 43-101, with respect to the
respect to the following technical report referred to in our 2016 AIF and
in this prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017
(information as of June 5, 2017 and herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 5,
2017;
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 29,
2015;
|
|
|
Glenn Bezuidenhout, National Diploma (Extractive
Metallurgy), FSIAMM, Qualified Person, as defined by NI 43-101, with
respect to the respect to the following technical report referred to in
our 2016 AIF and in this prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017
(information as of June 5, 2017 and herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 5,
2017;
|
- 68 -
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 29,
2015;
|
|
|
Philip Bentley, MSC. (Geology), MSc (Mineral
Exploration), Pr. Sci. Nat., SACNASP, Qualified Person, as defined by NI
43-101, with respect to the respect to the following technical report
referred to in our 2016 AIF and in this prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017
(information as of June 5, 2017 and herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 5,
2017;
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 29,
2015;]
|
|
|
Dr. Godknows Njowa, M.Sc. Eng. (Mining), Pr. Eng.,
Qualified Person, as defined by NI 43-101, with respect to the respect to
the following technical report referred to in our 2016 AIF and in this
prospectus:
|
|
o
|
the Amended and Restated Asanko Gold Mine Definitive
Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-101 Technical
Report
originally dated June 5, 2017, dated December 20, 2017
(information as of June 5, 2017 and herein referred to as the 12/17 DFS);
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Definitive Feasibility Study
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 5,
2017;
|
|
|
|
|
o
|
the Asanko Gold Mine Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study,
National Instrument 43-
101 Technical Report
dated June 29,
2015;
|
With respect to each of the
aforementioned firms or persons other than KMPG LLP, to our knowledge, each of
such firms or persons holds less than 1% of the outstanding securities of the
Company or of any associate or affiliate of the Company when they prepared the
reports referred to above or following the preparation of such reports. None of
the such firms or persons received any direct or indirect interest in any
securities of the Company or of any associate or affiliate of the Company in
connection with the preparation of such reports. Based on information provided
by the relevant persons, none of the such firms or persons, nor any directors,
officers or employees of such firms, are currently expected to be elected,
appointed or employed as a director, officer or employee of the Company or of
any associate or affiliate of the Company.
Our auditors, KPMG LLP, are
independent within the meaning of the Rules of Professional Conduct of the
Chartered Professional Accountants of British Columbia and within the meaning of
the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the applicable rules and
regulations thereunder adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).
- 69 -
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a
registration statement on Form F-10 under the U.S. Securities Act relating to
the offering of the Securities. The Prospectus, which constitutes a part of the
registration statement, does not contain all of the information contained in the
registration statement, certain items of which are contained in the exhibits to
the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Statements included or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus about the
contents of any contract, agreement or other documents referred to are not
necessarily complete, and in each instance, you should refer to the exhibits for
a more complete description of the matter involved. Each such statement is
qualified in its entirety by such reference.
We are subject to the
informational reporting requirements of the Exchange Act as the Common Shares
are registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, we are
required to publicly file reports and other information with the SEC. Under the
MJDS, the Company is permitted to prepare such reports and other information in
accordance with Canadian disclosure requirements, which are different from
United States disclosure requirements.
As a foreign private issuer, we
are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and
content of proxy statements in connection with meetings of its shareholders. In
addition, the officers, directors and principal shareholders of the Company are
exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery rules contained in
Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
We file annual reports on Form
40-F with the SEC under the MJDS, which annual reports include:
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the annual information form;
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managements annual discussion and analysis of financial
condition and results of operations;
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consolidated audited financial statements, which are
prepared in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the IASB; and
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other information specified by the Form 40-F.
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As a foreign private issuer, we
are required to furnish the following types of information to the SEC under
cover of Form 6-K:
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material information that the Company otherwise makes
publicly available in reports that the Company files with securities
regulatory authorities in Canada;
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material information that the Company files with, and
which is made public by, the TSX and the NYSE American; and
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material information that the Company distributes to its
shareholders in Canada.
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Investors may read and copy, for
a fee, any document that the Company has filed with or furnished to the SEC at
the SECs public reference room in Washington, D.C. at 100 F Street, N.E.,
Washington, D.C. 20549. Investors should call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 or
access its website at www.sec.gov for further information about the public
reference room. Investors may read and download the documents the Company has
filed with the SECs Electronic Data Gathering and Retrieval system (EDGAR) at www.sec.gov. Investors may read and download any
public document that the Company has filed with the securities commissions or
similar regulatory authorities in Canada at www.sedar.com.
- 70 -
DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
The following documents have been
or will be filed with the SEC as part of the registration statement of which
this Prospectus forms a part:
|
1.
|
the documents set out under the heading
Documents
Incorporate by Reference
;
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2.
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the consents of the Companys auditor, legal counsel and
technical report authors;
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3.
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the powers of attorney from the directors and certain
officers of the Company; and
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4.
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the form of Indenture.
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A copy of the form of any warrant
indenture, subscription receipt agreement or statement of eligibility of trustee
on Form T-1, as applicable, will be filed by post-effective amendment or by
incorporation by reference to documents filed or furnished with or furnished to
the SEC under the U.S. Exchange Act.
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES BY U.S. INVESTORS
The Company is a corporation
existing under the
Business Corporations Act
(British Columbia). All of
its directors, all of its officers, and all of the experts named in the
Prospectus, are residents of Canada or otherwise reside outside the United
States, and all or a substantial portion of their assets, and all of our assets,
are located outside the United States. We have appointed an agent for service of
process in the United States, but it may be difficult for holders of the
Securities who reside in the United States to effect service within the United
States upon those directors, officers and experts who are not residents of the
United States. It may also be difficult for holders of the Securities who reside
in the United States to realize upon judgments of courts of the United States
predicated upon the Companys civil liability and the civil liability of its
directors, officers and experts under the United States federal securities laws.
We have been advised by our
Canadian legal counsel, McMillan LLP, that a judgment of a United States court
predicated solely upon civil liability under United States federal securities
laws would probably be enforceable in Canada if the United States court in which
the judgment was obtained has a basis for jurisdiction in the matter that would
be recognized by a Canadian court for the same purposes. We have also been
advised by McMillan LLP, however, that there is substantial doubt whether an
action could be brought in Canada in the first instance on the basis of
liability predicated solely upon United States federal securities laws.
We have filed with the SEC,
concurrently with our registration statement on Form F-10, an appointment of
agent for service of process on Form F-X. Under the Form F-X, we appointed
Corporation Service Company as our agent for service of process in the United
States in connection with any investigation or administrative proceeding
conducted by the SEC, and any civil suit or action brought against or involving
the Company in a United States court arising out of, related to, or concerning
the offering of the Securities under the Prospectus.
III- 1
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED TO BE DELIVERED
TO
OFFEREES OR PURCHASERS
Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
The Registrant is subject to the provisions of the
Business
Corporations Act
(British Columbia) (the
Act
).
Under Section 160 of the Act, an individual who:
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is or was a director or officer of the Registrant,
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is or was a director or officer of another corporation
(i) at a time when the corporation is or was an affiliate of the
Registrant, or (ii) at the request of the Registrant, or
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at the request of the Registrant, is or was, or holds or
held a position equivalent to that of, a director or officer of a
partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity,
|
and includes, the heirs and personal or other legal
representatives of that individual (collectively, an
eligible party
),
may be indemnified by the Registrant against a judgment, penalty or fine awarded
or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, a proceeding (an
eligible
penalty
) in which, by reason of the eligible party being or having been a
director or officer of, or holding or having held a position equivalent to that
of a director or officer of, the Registrant or an associated corporation, (a)
the eligible party is or may be joined as a party, or (b) the eligible party is
or may be liable for or in respect of a judgment, penalty or fine in, or
expenses related to, the proceeding (
eligible proceeding
) to which the
eligible party is or may be liable. Section 160 of the Act also permits the
Registrant to pay the expenses actually and reasonably incurred by an eligible
party after the final disposition of the eligible proceeding.
Under Section 161 of the Act, the Registrant must, after the
final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay the expenses actually and
reasonably incurred by the eligible party in respect of that proceeding if the
eligible party (a) has not been reimbursed for those expenses, and (b) is wholly
successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the outcome of the proceeding or is
substantially successful on the merits in the outcome of the proceeding.
Under Section 162 of the Act, the Registrant may pay, as they
are incurred in advance of the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, the
expenses actually and reasonably incurred by an eligible party in respect of
that proceeding; provided the Registrant must not make such payments unless it
first receives from the eligible party a written undertaking that, if it is
ultimately determined that the payment of expenses is prohibited by Section 163,
the eligible party will repay the amounts advanced.
Under Section 163 of the Act, the Registrant must not indemnify
an eligible party against eligible penalties to which the eligible party is or
may be liable or pay the expenses of an eligible party in respect of that
proceeding under Sections 160, 161 or 162 of the Act, as the case may be, if any
of the following circumstances apply:
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if the indemnity or payment is made under an earlier
agreement to indemnify or pay expenses and, at the time that the agreement
to indemnify or pay expenses was made, the Registrant was prohibited from
giving the indemnity or paying the expenses by its memorandum or articles;
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if the indemnity or payment is made otherwise than under
an earlier agreement to indemnify or pay expenses and, at the time that
the indemnity or payment is made, the Registrant is prohibited from giving
the indemnity or paying the expenses by its memorandum or articles;
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if, in relation to the subject matter of the eligible
proceeding, the eligible party did not act honestly and in good faith with
a view to the best interests of the Registrant or the associated
corporation, as the case may be; or
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III- 2
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in the case of an eligible proceeding other than a civil
proceeding, if the eligible party did not have reasonable grounds for
believing that the eligible partys conduct in respect of which the
proceeding was brought was lawful.
|
If an eligible proceeding is brought against an eligible party
by or on behalf of the Registrant or by or on behalf of an associated
corporation, the Registrant must not either indemnify the eligible party against
eligible penalties to which the eligible party is or may be liable in respect of
the proceeding, or, after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay
the expenses of the eligible party under Sections 160, 161 or 162 of the Act in
respect of the proceeding.
Under Section 164 of the Act, the Supreme Court of British
Columbia may, on application of the Registrant or an eligible party, order the
Registrant to indemnify the eligible party or to pay the eligible partys
expenses, despite Sections 160 to 163 of the Act.
The articles of a company may affect its power or obligation to
give an indemnity or pay expenses. As indicated above, this is subject to the
overriding power of the Supreme Court of British Columbia under Section 164 of
the Act.
Under the articles of the Registrant, subject to the provisions
of the Act, the Registrant must indemnify a director or former director of the
Registrant and the heirs and legal personal representatives of all such persons
against all eligible penalties to which such person is or may be liable, and the
Registrant must, after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay the
expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in respect of that
proceeding. Each director and officer is deemed to have contracted with the
Registrant on the terms of the indemnity contained in the Registrants articles.
The failure of a director or officer of the Registrant to comply with the Act or
the articles of the Registrant does not invalidate any indemnity to which such
person is entitled under the Registrants articles.
Under the articles of the Registrant, the Registrant may
purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any eligible party against
any liability incurred by such party as a director, officer or person who holds
or held an equivalent position.
Underwriters, dealers or agents who participate in a
distribution of securities registered hereunder may be entitled under agreements
to be entered into with the Registrant to indemnification by the Registrant
against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the United States
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and applicable Canadian securities
legislation, or to contribution with respect to payments which such
underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make in respect thereof.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the U.S. Securities Act) may be permitted
to directors, officers or persons controlling the Registrant pursuant to the
foregoing provisions, the Registrant has been informed that in the opinion of
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against
public policy as expressed in the U.S. Securities Act and is therefore
unenforceable.
III- 3
EXHIBITS
Exhibit No.
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Description
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4.1
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Annual Information Form of the Registrant for the year
ended December 31, 2016, dated as of March 16, 2017 (incorporated by
reference to the Registrants Annual Report on Form 40-F filed with the
Commission on March 16, 2017)
|
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4.2
|
Consolidated financial statements of the Registrant for
the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 comprised of the
consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss),
cash flows and changes in equity for the years then ended, and the notes
thereto and the report of the independent auditor thereon, as filed March
16, 2017 (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Annual Report on
Form 40-F filed with the Commission on March 16, 2017)
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4.3
|
Management's discussion and analysis of the Registrant
for the year ended December 31, 2016 (incorporated by reference to the
Registrants Annual Report on Form 40-F filed with the Commission on March
16, 2017)
|
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4.4
|
Interim financial statements of the Registrant for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the notes
thereto (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Form 6-K furnished
to the Commission on November 3, 2017)
|
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4.5
|
Managements discussion and analysis of financial
condition and results of operations of the Registrant for the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2017 (incorporated by reference to the
Registrants Form 6-K furnished to the Commission on November 3, 2017)
|
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4.6
|
Management information circular dated April 28, 2017 with
respect to the Registrants annual meeting of shareholders held on June 9,
2017 (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Form 6-K furnished to
the Commission on May 4, 2017)
|
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4.7
|
Amended and restated technical report titled Definitive
Feasibility Study in relation to the Asanko Gold Mine dated December
20, 2017 (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Form 6-K furnished
to the Commission on December 29, 2017)
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5.1
|
Consent of KPMG LLP
(1)
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5.2
|
Consent of McMillan LLP
(1)
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5.3
|
Consent of Charles J. Muller
(1)
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5.4
|
Consent of David Morgan.
(1)
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5.5
|
Consent of Doug Heher
(1)
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5.6
|
Consent of Malcolm Titley
(1)
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5.7
|
Consent of Philip Bentley
(1)
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5.8
|
Consent of Dr. Godknows Njowa
(1)
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|
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5.9
|
Consent of Glenn Bezuidenhout
(1)
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5.10
|
Consent of Thomas Kwabena Obiri-Yeboah
(1)
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6.1
|
Powers of Attorney (included on signature pages
hereto)
(1)
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7.1
|
Form of Trust Indenture
(1)
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(1)
|
Filed as an exhibit to this registration statement on
Form F-10.
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(2)
|
Included on the signature pages
hereto.
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III- 4
PART III
UNDERTAKING AND CONSENT TO SERVICE OF PROCESS
Item 1. Undertaking
.
The Registrant undertakes to make available, in person or by
telephone, representatives to respond to inquiries made by the Commission staff,
and to furnish promptly, when requested to do so by the Commission staff,
information relating to the securities registered pursuant to this Form F-10 or
to transactions in said securities.
Item 2. Consent to Service of Process.
(a)
|
Concurrently with the filing of this Registration
Statement on Form F-10, the Registrant is filing with the Commission a
written irrevocable consent and power of attorney on Form F-X.
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(b)
|
Any change to the name or address of the agent for
service of the Registrant will be communicated promptly to the Commission
by amendment to Form F-X referencing the file number of this Registration
Statement.
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III- 5
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on Form F-10 and has duly caused this
Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized, in the City of Vancouver, Province of British Columbia, Country
of Canada, on the 29th day of December, 2017.
|
ASANKO GOLD INC.
|
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By:
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/s/ Peter Breese
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Name:
|
Peter Breese
|
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Title:
|
President and Chief Executive Officer
|
Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and
appoints Peter Breese and Fausto Di Tripani, and each of them, either of whom
may act without the joinder of the other, as his true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any
or all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration
Statement and registration statements filed pursuant to Rule 429 under the U.S.
Securities Act, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other
documents in connection therewith, with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone,
full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he
might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said
attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, or their substitute or
substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the U.S. Securities Act, this
Registration Statement has been signed by or on behalf of the following persons
in the capacities indicated on the 29th day of December, 2017.
Signature
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Title
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/s/ Peter Breese
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President and Chief Executive Officer
and
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Peter Breese
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Director
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/s/ Fausto Di Tripani
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Chief Financial Officer and Corporate
|
Fausto Di Tripani
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Secretary
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/s/ Colin Steyn
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Colin Steyn
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Chairman and Director
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/s/ Shawn Wallace
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Shawn Wallace
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Director
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/s/ Gordon J. Fretwell
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Gordon J. Fretwell
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Director
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/s/ Marcel de Groot
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Marcel de Groot
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Director
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III- 6
/s/ Michael Price
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Michael Price
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Director
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/s/ William Smart
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William Smart
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Director
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III- 7
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 6(a) of the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned has signed this Registration Statement,
solely in its capacity as the duly authorized representative of the Registrant
in the United States, on the 29th day of December, 2017.
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By:
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PUGLISI & ASSOCIATES
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/s/ Donald J. Puglisi
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Name:
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Donald J. Puglisi
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Title:
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Managing Director
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III- 8
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No.
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Description
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4.1
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Annual Information Form of the Registrant for the year
ended December 31, 2016, dated as of March 16, 2017 (incorporated by
reference to the Registrants Annual Report on Form 40-F filed with the
Commission on March 16, 2017)
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4.2
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Consolidated financial statements of the Registrant for
the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 comprised of the
consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss),
cash flows and changes in equity for the years then ended, and the notes
thereto and the report of the independent auditor thereon, as filed March
16, 2017 (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Annual Report on
Form 40-F filed with the Commission on March 16, 2017)
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4.3
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Management's discussion and analysis of the Registrant
for the year ended December 31, 2016 (incorporated by reference to the
Registrants Annual Report on Form 40-F filed with the Commission on March
16, 2017)
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4.4
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Interim financial statements of the Registrant for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the notes
thereto (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Form 6-K furnished
to the Commission on November 3, 2017)
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4.5
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Managements discussion and analysis of financial
condition and results of operations of the Registrant for the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2017 (incorporated by reference to the
Registrants Form 6-K furnished to the Commission on November 3, 2017)
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4.6
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Management information circular dated April 28, 2017 with
respect to the Registrants annual meeting of shareholders held on June 9,
2017 (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Form 6-K furnished to
the Commission on May 4, 2017)
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4.7
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Amended and restated technical report titled Definitive
Feasibility Study in relation to the Asanko Gold Mine dated December
20, 2017 (incorporated by reference to the Registrants Form 6-K furnished
to the Commission on December 29, 2017)
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5.1
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Consent of KPMG LLP
(1)
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5.2
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Consent of McMillan LLP
(1)
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5.3
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Consent of Charles J. Muller
(1)
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5.4
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Consent of David Morgan.
(1)
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5.5
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Consent of Doug Heher
(1)
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5.6
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Consent of Malcolm Titley
(1)
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5.7
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Consent of Philip Bentley
(1)
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5.8
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Consent of Dr. Godknows Njowa
(1)
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5.9
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Consent of Glenn Bezuidenhout
(1)
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5.10
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Consent of Thomas Kwabena Obiri-Yeboah
(1)
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6.1
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Powers of Attorney (included on signature pages
hereto)
(1)
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7.1
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Form of Trust Indenture
(1)
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(1)
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Filed as an exhibit to this registration statement on
Form F-10.
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(2)
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Included on the signature pages
hereto.
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