ANTH Anthera Pharmaceuticals Inc (CE)

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock by (i) each director, (ii) each named executive officer, (iii) all directors and executive officers as a group, and (iv) each person who we know beneficially owns more than 5% of our common stock as of October 31, 2017, unless otherwise indicated below.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. These rules generally attribute beneficial ownership of securities to persons who possess sole or shared voting power or investment power with respect to those securities and include shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options that are immediately exercisable or exercisable within 60 days after October 31, 2017, but excludes unvested stock options, which contain an early exercise feature. Except as otherwise indicated, all of the shares reflected in the table are shares of common stock and all persons listed below have sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares beneficially owned by them, subject to applicable community property laws. The information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose.

In computing the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, we deemed outstanding shares of common stock subject to options or warrants held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of October 31, 2017. We did not deem these shares outstanding, however, for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

Percentage ownership calculations for beneficial ownership for each person or entity are based on 13,849,678 shares outstanding as of October 31, 2017. Except as otherwise indicated in the table below, addresses of named beneficial owners are in care of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 25801 Industrial Blvd., Suite B, Hayward, California 94545.

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OTHER MATTERS AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Householding of Proxy Materials

We have adopted a procedure approved by the SEC known as “householding.” This procedure allows multiple stockholders residing at the same address the convenience of receiving a single copy of our Notice and proxy materials, as applicable. This allows us to save money by reducing the number of documents we must print and mail, and helps protect the environment as well.

Householding is available to both registered stockholders (i.e., those stockholders with certificates registered in their name) and street name holders (i.e., those stockholders who hold their shares through a brokerage).

Registered Stockholders

If you are a registered stockholder and have consented to our mailing of proxy materials and other stockholder information only to one account in your household, as identified by you, we will deliver or mail a single copy of our proxy materials for all registered stockholders residing at the same address. Your consent will be perpetual unless you revoke it, which you may do at any time by contacting the Householding Department of Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc., at 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717, or by calling 1-800-542-1061. If you revoke your consent, we will begin sending you individual copies of future mailings of these documents within 30 days after we receive your revocation notice. If you received a household mailing this year, and you would like to receive additional copies of our proxy materials, please submit your request to Investor Relations who will promptly deliver the requested copy.

Registered stockholders who have not consented to householding will continue to receive copies of proxy materials for each registered stockholder residing at the same address. As a registered stockholder, you may elect to participate in householding and receive only a single copy of this Proxy Statement for all registered stockholders residing at the same address by contacting Broadridge as outlined above.

Street Name Holders

Stockholders who hold their shares through a brokerage may elect to participate in householding or revoke their consent to participate in householding by contacting their respective brokers.

executive offices at the address set forth above no earlier than December 28, 2017 and no later than January 27, 2018. Our Amended and Restated Bylaws also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder’s notice.

The Board of Directors, a designated committee thereof or the chairman of the meeting may refuse to acknowledge the introduction of any stockholder proposal if it is not made in compliance with the applicable notice provisions.

Hayward, California

December 4, 2017

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ANNEX A

SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is dated as of October 23, 2017 by and among Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns, a “ Purchaser ” and collectively, the “ Purchasers ”).

RECITALS

A. The Company and each Purchaser is executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), and Rule 506 of Regulation D (“ Regulation D ”) as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) under the Securities Act.

B. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, (i) (a) that aggregate number of shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “ Common Stock ”), of the Company, set forth below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement (which aggregate amount for all Purchasers together shall be 9,932,478 shares of Common Stock and shall be collectively referred to herein as the “ Common Shares ”) and (b) warrants (the “ Warrants Relating to Common Shares ”), in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A , to acquire up to that number of additional shares of Common Stock equal to one hundred and forty-six percent (146%) of the number of Common Shares purchased by such Purchaser (rounded up to the nearest whole share); and (ii) (a) that aggregate number of shares of Class Y Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “ Preferred Stock ”), of the Company, set forth below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement (which aggregate amount for all Purchasers together shall be 2,067,522 shares of Preferred Stock and shall be collectively referred to herein as the “ Preferred Shares ” and together with the Common Shares, the “ Shares ”) and (b) warrants (the “ Warrants Relating to Preferred Shares ” and together with the Warrants Relating to Common Shares, the “ Warrants ”), in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, to acquire up to that number of additional shares of Common Stock equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the number of Preferred Shares purchased by such Purchaser (rounded up to the nearest whole share) (such Shares and Warrants, the “ Aggregate Offering Securities ”). The shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of or otherwise pursuant to the Warrants collectively are referred to herein as the “ Warrant Shares ”.

C. The Shares, the Warrants, the Warrant Shares and the Underlying Shares (as defined below) collectively are referred to herein as the “ Securities ”.

D. The Company has engaged Piper Jaffray & Co. as its exclusive placement agent (the “ Placement Agent ”) for the offering of the Shares and Warrants on a “best efforts” basis.

E. Contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the parties hereto are executing and delivering a Registration Rights Agreement, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “ Registration Rights Agreement ”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company will agree to provide certain registration rights with respect to the Common Shares, the Warrant Shares and the Underlying Shares (as defined below) under the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and applicable state securities laws.

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NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchasers hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS

1.1 Definitions . In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated in this Section 1.1 :

“ Acquiring Person ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.7 .

“ Action ” means any action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding (including any partial proceeding such as a deposition) or investigation pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties or any officer, director or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary acting in his or her capacity as an officer, director or employee before or by any federal, state, county, local or foreign court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency, regulatory authority, stock market, stock exchange or trading facility.

“ Affiliate ” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act. With respect to a Purchaser, any investment fund or managed account that is managed on a discretionary basis by the same investment manager as such Purchaser will be deemed to be an Affiliate of such Purchaser.

“ Aggregate Offering Securities ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

“ Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

“ Approved Stock Plan” means the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents issued or issuable by the Company to employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company.

“ Board of Directors ” means the board of directors of the Company.

“ Business Day ” means any day except Saturday, Sunday, any day which is a federal legal holiday in the United States or any day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close.

“ Certificate of Designation ” means the Certificate of Designation of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of the Class Y Preferred Stock setting forth the preferences, rights and limitations of the Preferred Stock to be filed prior to the Closing by the Company with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit K .

“ Buy-In ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f) .

“ Buy-In Price ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f) .

“ Closings ” means the Initial Closing and the Second Closing.

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“Closing Bid Price” means, for any security as of any date, (a) the last reported closing bid price per share for such security on the Principal Trading Market, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or, (b) if the Principal Trading Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing bid price then the last bid price of such security prior to 4:00 P.M., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or (c) if the foregoing do not apply, the last closing price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets, or (d) if no closing bid price is reported for such security by Bloomberg Financial Markets, the average of the bid prices of any market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by Pink Sheets LLC. If the Closing Bid Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Bid Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the holder of such security. If the Company and such holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved pursuant to Section 10 of the Warrants. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.

“ Closing Date ” means the Initial Closing Date and the Second Closing Date.

“ Commission ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Common Shares ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Common Stock ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals, and also includes any other class of securities into which the Common Stock may hereafter be reclassified or changed into.

“ Common Stock Equivalents ” means any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock or other securities that entitle the holder to receive, directly or indirectly, Common Stock.

“ Common Stock Subscription Amount ” means, with respect to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Common Shares and the Warrants Relating to Common Shares purchased hereunder as indicated on such Purchaser’s signature page to this Agreement next to the heading “Common Stock Subscription Amount” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.

“ Common Unit Purchase Price ” means $1.25 per unit of Common Share and Warrant

Relating to Common Shares.

“ Company ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

“ Company Counsel ” means Goodwin Procter LLP, with offices located at Three Embarcadero Center, 28 ^th Floor, San Francisco, California 94111.

“ Company Deliverables ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a) .

“ Company’s Knowledge ” means with respect to any statement made to the Company’s Knowledge, that the statement is based upon the actual knowledge of the executive officers of the Company having responsibility for the matter or matters that are the subject of the statement.

“ Control ” (including the terms “controlling”, “controlled by” or “under common control with”) means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.

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“ Deadline Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(f) .

“ Disclosure Materials ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(h) .

“ Disclosure Schedules ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1 .

“ DTC ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(c) .

“ Effective Date ” means the date on which the initial Registration Statement required by Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement is first declared effective by the Commission.

“Effectiveness Deadline ” means the date on which the initial Registration Statement is required to be declared effective by the Commission under the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement.

“ Environmental Laws ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(dd) .

“ Evaluation Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(t) .

“ Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“ Initial Closing ” means, in respect of the Initial Closing Amount, the closing of the purchase and sale of the Common Shares and the Warrants pursuant to this Agreement.

“ Initial Closing Amount ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(a)(1) .

“ Initial Closing Date ” means, in respect of the Initial Closing Amount, the Trading Day when all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all of the conditions set forth in Sections 2.1 , 2.2 , 5.1 and 5.2 hereof are satisfied or waived, as the case may be, or such other date as the parties may agree.

“ Intellectual Property Rights ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(p) .

“ IRA ” means that certain Second Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement by and among the Company and the other persons and entities party thereto, dated as of July 17, 2009.

“ Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions ” means, with respect to the Company, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, in substantially the form of Exhibit E-1 and E-2 , executed by the Company and delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Transfer Agent.

“ Legend Removal Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(c) .

“ Lien ” means any lien, charge, claim, encumbrance, security interest, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restrictions of any kind.

“ Material Adverse Effect ” means a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, prospects, business or financial condition of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except that any

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of the following, either alone or in combination, shall not be deemed a Material Adverse Effect: (i) effects caused by changes or circumstances affecting general market conditions in the U.S. economy or which are generally applicable to the industry in which the Company operates, provided that such effects are not borne disproportionately by the Company, (ii) effects resulting from or relating to the announcement or disclosure of the sale of the Securities or other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or (iii) effects caused by any event, occurrence or condition resulting from or relating to the taking of any action by the Company as required in accordance with this Agreement.

“ Material Contract ” means any contract of the Company that has been filed or was required to have been filed as an exhibit to the SEC Reports pursuant to Item 601(b)(4) or Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K.

“ Material Permits ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(n) .

“ New York Courts ” means the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan.

“ Notice of Acceptance ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.15(b) .

“ OFAC ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(kk) .

“ Outside Date ” means the tenth day following the date of this Agreement.

“ Person ” means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, business trust, association, joint stock company, joint venture, sole proprietorship, unincorporated organization, governmental authority or any other form of entity not specifically listed herein.

“ Pharmaceutical Product ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(ll) .

“ Placement Agent ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Preferred Stock ” means Class Y Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share issued pursuant to this Agreement, and any securities into which such Class Y Preferred Stock may hereinafter be reclassified.

“ Preferred Stock Subscription Amount ” means, with respect to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Preferred Shares and the Warrants Relating to Preferred Shares purchased hereunder as indicated on such Purchaser’s signature page to this Agreement next to the heading “Preferred Stock Subscription Amount” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.

“ Preferred Unit Purchase Price ” means $1.25 per unit of Preferred Share and Warrant Relating to Preferred Shares.

“ Press Release ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.6 .

“ Principal Trading Market ” means the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is primarily listed on and quoted for trading, which, as of the date of this Agreement and the Closing Date, shall be The Nasdaq Global Market.

“ Proceeding ” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.

“ Purchase Price ” means the Common Unit Purchase Price and the Preferred Unit Purchase Price.

“ Purchaser ” or “ Purchasers ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

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“ Purchaser Deliverables ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(b) .

“ Purchaser Party ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.10 .

“Registration Rights Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Registration Statement ” means a registration statement meeting the requirements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement and covering the resale by the Purchasers of the Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement).

“ Regulation D ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Required Approvals ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(e) .

“Requisite Stockholder Approval ” means the stockholder approval required for the issuance of the Securities hereunder in compliance with Nasdaq Rule 5635(d).

“ Rule 144 ” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect as such Rule.

“ SEC Report s” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(h) .

“ Second Closing ” means, in respect of the Second Closing Amount, the closing of the purchase and sale of the Shares and the Warrants pursuant to this Agreement.

“ Second Closing Amount ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(a)(1) .

“ Second Closing Date ” means, in respect of the Second Closing Amount, the Trading Day when all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all of the conditions set forth in Sections 2.1 , 2.2 , 5.1 and 5.2 hereof are satisfied or waived, as the case may be, or such other date as the parties may agree.

“ Secretary’s Certificate ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a)(vi) .

“ Securities ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Securities Act ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Shares ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

“ Short Sales ” include, without limitation, (i) all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act, whether or not against the box, and all types of direct and indirect stock pledges, forward sale contracts, options, puts, calls, short sales, swaps, “put equivalent positions” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act) and similar arrangements (including on a total return basis), and (ii) sales and other transactions through non-U.S. broker dealers or foreign regulated brokers (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).

“ Subscription Amount ” means the Common Stock Subscription Amount and the Preferred Stock Subscription Amount.

“ Subsidiary ” means any subsidiary of the Company, and shall, where applicable, include any subsidiary of the Company formed or acquired after the date hereof.

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“ Threshold Amount ” has the meaning set forth in the Certificate of Designation.

“ Trading Affiliate ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(h) .

“ Trading Day ” means (i) a day on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and traded on its Principal Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), or (ii) if the Common Stock is not listed on a Trading Market (other than the OTC Bulletin Board), a day on which the Common Stock is traded in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board, or (iii) if the Common Stock is not quoted on any Trading Market, a day on which the Common Stock is quoted in the over-the-counter market as reported in the “pink sheets” by Pink Sheets LLC (or any similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices); provided , that in the event that the Common Stock is not listed or quoted as set forth in (i), (ii) and (iii) hereof, then Trading Day shall mean a Business Day.

“ Trading Market ” means whichever of the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American (formerly the American Stock Exchange), the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the NASDAQ Global Market, the NASDAQ Capital Market or the OTC Bulletin Board on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question.

“ Transaction Documents ” means this Agreement, the schedules and exhibits attached hereto, the Warrants, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Certificate of Designation, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions and any other documents or agreements explicitly contemplated hereunder.

“Transfer Agent” means American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address of 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219, or any successor transfer agent for the Company.

“ Underlying Shares ” means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock.

“ Warrants ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals to this Agreement.

“ Warrants Relating to Common Shares ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals to this Agreement.

“ Warrants Relating to Preferred Shares ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals to this Agreement.

“ Warrant Shares ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

ARTICLE II.

PURCHASE AND SALE

2.1 Closings .

(a) Amount . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company shall issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser shall, severally and not jointly, purchase from the Company, in one or more closings, (i) such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient resulting from dividing (1) the Common Stock Subscription Amount for such Purchaser by (2) the Common Unit Purchase Price, rounded down to the nearest whole Common Share. In addition, each Purchaser shall (A) in the Initial Closing, receive a Warrant to purchase that number of Warrant Shares equal to three hundred percent (300%) of the number of Common Shares purchased by such Purchaser in the Initial Closing, and (B) in the Second Closing, receive a Warrant to purchase that number of Warrant Shares equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the number of Common Shares purchased by such Purchaser in the Second Closing; and/or (ii) such number of shares of

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Preferred Stock equal to the quotient resulting from dividing (1) the Preferred Stock Subscription Amount for such Purchaser by (2) the Preferred Unit Purchase Price, rounded down to the nearest whole Preferred Share. In addition, each Purchaser shall receive a Warrant to purchase a number of Warrant Shares equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the number of Preferred Shares purchased by such Purchaser, as indicated below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page to this Agreement. The Warrants issued in the Initial Closing shall have an exercise price equal to $1.55 per Warrant Share, and the Warrants issued in the Second Closing shall have an exercise price equal to $1.25 per Warrant Share.

(i) Initial Closing Date . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, on the Initial Closing Date, the Company shall issue and sell to the Purchasers, and the Purchasers shall purchase from the Company, an aggregate number of Common Shares and Warrants equal to 19.99% of the Company’s Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to giving effect to the transactions contemplated hereby (the “ Initial Closing Amount ”), pro rata to each Purchaser based on such Purchaser’s Common Stock Subscription Amount and/or Preferred Stock Subscription Amount, as indicated below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page to this Agreement.

(ii) Second Closing Date . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, on the Second Closing Date, the Company shall issue and sell to the Purchasers, and the Purchasers shall purchase from the Company, such remaining Aggregate Offering Securities in excess of the Initial Closing Amount (the “ Second Closing Amount ”), pro rata to each Purchaser based on such Purchaser’s Common Stock Subscription Amount and/or Preferred Stock Subscription Amount, as indicated below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page to this Agreement; provided that such Second Closing Date shall occur, within ten (10) days after the date the Company obtains the Requisite Stockholder Approval.

(b) Underlying Shares . The Company has authorized and has reserved and covenants to continue to reserve, free of preemptive rights and other similar contractual rights of stockholders, a number of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock equal to the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock necessary to effect the conversion of the Preferred Stock. The Purchasers acknowledge that the Company shall not be required to issue any shares of Common Stock to a Purchaser upon conversion by such Purchaser (or its assigns) of any shares of the Preferred Stock to the extent (and only to the extent) that such conversion would result in the Purchaser (including its predecessors-in-interest) beneficially owning shares of Common Stock in excess of the applicable Threshold Amount unless approved by the Company’s stockholders in accordance with the applicable stockholder approval requirements of Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5635.

(c) Closings . Each Closing of the purchase and sale of the Shares and Warrants shall take place at the offices of Goodwin Procter LLP, Three Embarcadero Center, 28 ^th Floor, San Francisco, California 94117 on the applicable Closing Date or at such other locations or remotely by facsimile transmission or other electronic means as the parties may mutually agree.

(d) Form of Payment . Except as may otherwise be agreed to among the Company and one or more of the Purchasers, on or prior to the Business Day immediately prior to each Closing Date, each Purchaser shall wire that portion of its Subscription Amount identified to it by the Company in writing, which (i) for the Initial Closing, shall be calculated based on such Purchaser’s pro rata portion of the Initial Closing Amount, and (ii) for the Second Closing, shall be calculated based on such Purchaser’s pro rata portion of the Second Closing Amount, in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, to a non-interest bearing escrow account established by the Company and the Placement Agent with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “ Escrow Agent ”) as set forth on Exhibit H hereto (the aggregate amounts received being held in escrow by the Escrow Agent are referred to herein as the “ Escrow Amount ”). On each Closing Date, (a) the Company and the Placement Agent shall instruct the Escrow Agent to deliver, in immediately available funds, the Escrow Amount constituting the applicable Purchase Price as follows: (1) to the Placement Agent, the fees and reimbursable expenses payable to the Placement Agent (which fees and expenses shall be set forth in such instructions), and (2) the balance of the applicable Purchase Price to the Company, (b) the Company shall irrevocably instruct the Transfer Agent to issue

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to each Purchaser the Shares in book entry form in such name as such Purchaser may designate in an amount equal to the number of Common Shares and Preferred Shares such Purchaser is purchasing in such Closing, as identified to it by the Company in writing, which (i) for the Initial Closing, shall be calculated based on such Purchaser’s pro rata portion of the Initial Closing Amount, and (ii) for the Second Closing, shall be calculated based on such Purchaser’s pro rata portion of the Second Closing Amount, within three (3) Trading Days after the applicable Closing, and (c) the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser one or more Warrants, free and clear of all restrictive and other legends (except as expressly provided in Section 4.1(b) hereof), evidencing the number of Warrants such Purchaser is entitled to purchase in such Closing, as identified to it by the Company in writing, which (i) for the Initial Closing, shall be calculated based on such Purchaser’s pro rata portion of the Initial Closing Amount, and (ii) for the Second Closing, shall be calculated based on such Purchaser’s pro rata portion of the Second Closing Amount, within three (3) Trading Days after the applicable Closing.

(e) Purchase Price Allocation . The Company and the Purchasers shall use commercially reasonable efforts to agree on a reasonable allocation of (i) the Common Stock Subscription Amount between the Common Shares and the Warrants Relating to Common Shares and (ii) the Preferred Stock Subscription Amount between the Preferred Shares and the Warrants Relating to the Preferred Shares. The Company and the Purchasers agree to file all relevant tax returns in a manner consistent with the allocation agreed to pursuant to this Section 2.1(e ).

2.2 Closing Deliveries .

(a) On or prior to each Closing, the Company shall issue, deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following (the “ Company Deliverables ”):

(i) with respect to the Initial Closing only, this Agreement, duly executed by the Company;

(ii) facsimile copies of one or more Warrants, executed by the Company and registered in the name of such Purchaser as set forth on the Book Entry Questionnaire included as Exhibit C-2 hereto, pursuant to which such Purchaser shall have the right to acquire such number of Warrant Shares as calculated pursuant to Section 2.1(a) , with the original Warrants delivered within three (3) Trading Days of Closing;

(iii) a legal opinion of Company Counsel, dated as of the Closing Date and in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit D , executed by such counsel and addressed to the Purchasers and the Placement Agent;

(iv) with respect to the Initial Closing only, the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by the Company;

(v) duly executed Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions instructing the Transfer Agent to deliver a book entry statement evidencing the number of Shares equal to such Purchaser’s (a) Common Stock Subscription Amount divided by the Common Unit Purchase Price and/or (b) Preferred Stock Subscription Amount divided by the Preferred Unit Purchase Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;

(vi) a certificate of the Secretary of the Company (the “ Secretary’s Certificate ”), dated as of the applicable Closing Date, (a) certifying the resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof approving the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the issuance of the Securities, (b) certifying the current versions of the certificate of incorporation, as amended, by-laws of the Company and Certificate of Designation, and (c) certifying as to the signatures and authority of persons signing the Transaction Documents and related documents on behalf of the Company, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit F ;

(vii) the Compliance Certificate referred to in Section 5.1(i) ;

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(viii) with respect to the Initial Closing only, a Lock-Up Agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit I hereto (each a “ Lock-Up Agreement ” and collectively, the “ Lock-up Agreements ”) executed by and between the Company and each person or entity listed on Exhibit J hereto, and each such Lock-Up Agreement shall be in full force and effect on the Initial Closing Date;

(ix) a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company issued by the Secretary of State of Delaware, as of a date within three (3) Business Days of the applicable Closing Date;

(x) a certificate evidencing the Company’s qualification as a foreign corporation and good standing issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of each jurisdiction in which the Company is qualified to do business as a foreign corporation, as of a date within three (3) Business Days of the applicable Closing Date; and

(xi) a certified copy of the certificate of incorporation, as certified by the Secretary of State of Delaware, as of a date within three (3) Business Days of the applicable Closing Date.

(b) On or prior to each Closing, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following (the “ Purchaser Deliverables ”):

(i) with respect to the Initial Closing only, this Agreement, duly executed by such Purchaser;

(ii) its Subscription Amount for the applicable Closing, in United States dollars and in immediately available funds, in the amount identified to it by the Company in writing, by wire transfer to the Escrow Account, as set forth on Exhibit H attached hereto;

(iii) with respect to the Initial Closing only, the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by such Purchaser;

(iv) with respect to the Initial Closing only, a fully completed and duly executed Selling Stockholder Questionnaire in the form attached as Annex B to the Registration Rights Agreement; and

(v) with respect to the Initial Closing only, a fully completed and duly executed Accredited Investor Questionnaire, satisfactory to the Company, and Book-Entry Questionnaire in the forms attached hereto as Exhibits C-1 and C-2 , respectively.

ARTICLE III.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Company . Except as set forth in the schedules delivered herewith (the “ Disclosure Schedules ”), which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall qualify any representation made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure Schedules, the Company hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and each Closing Date (except for the representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be made as of such date), to each of the Purchasers and to the Placement Agent:

(a) Subsidiaries . The Company has no direct or indirect subsidiaries other than those listed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(a) hereto, the Company has no direct or indirect subsidiaries. The Company (i) owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or comparable equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any and all Liens, and all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or comparable equity interest of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities, and (ii) does not own, directly or indirectly, any long-term debt of or equity interest in any other Person.

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(b) Organization and Qualification . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization (as applicable), with the requisite corporate power and authority to own or lease and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation or default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and no Proceeding has been instituted, is pending, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, has been threatened in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.

(c) Authorization; Enforcement; Validity . The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The Company’s execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, but not limited to, the sale and delivery of the Shares and the Warrants and the reservation for issuance and the subsequent issuance of the Warrant Shares upon exercise of the Warrants and the Underlying Shares upon conversion of the Preferred Stock) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, and no further corporate action is required by the Company, its Board of Directors or its stockholders in connection therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. The Company covenants and agrees to seek the Requisite Stockholder Approval as soon as reasonably practicable after the Initial Closing Date and to recommend approval of such resolution. Each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and is, or when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors’ rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.

(d) No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance of the Shares and Warrants and the reservation for issuance and issuance of the Warrant Shares and Underlying Shares) do not and will not (i) conflict with or violate any provisions of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or otherwise result in a violation of the organizational documents of the Company or any Subsidiary, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would result in a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any Material Contract, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations, assuming the correctness of the representations and warranties made by the Purchasers herein, of any self-regulatory organization to which the Company or its securities are subject, including all applicable Trading Markets), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) such as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect or a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document or on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document.

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(e) Filings, Consents and Approvals . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is required to obtain any consent, waiver, approval, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority, holder of outstanding securities of the Company or any Subsidiary or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents (including the issuance of the Securities), other than (i) the filing with the Commission of one or more Registration Statements in accordance with the requirements of the Registration Rights Agreement, (ii) filings required by applicable state securities laws, (iii) the filing of a Notice of Sale of Securities on Form D with the Commission under Regulation D of the Securities Act, (iv) the filing of any requisite notices and/or application(s) to the Principal Trading Market for the issuance and sale of the Securities and the listing of the Common Shares, Warrant Shares and Underlying Shares for trading or quotation, as the case may be, thereon in the time and manner required thereby, (v) the filings required in accordance with Section 4.6 of this Agreement, (vi) in respect of the Second Closing, the Requisite Stockholder Approval, and (vii) those that have been made or obtained prior to the date of this Agreement (collectively, the “ Required Approvals ”).

(f) Issuance of the Securities . The Shares to be issued at the applicable Closing have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws, and shall not be subject to preemptive or similar rights. The Warrants have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws, and shall not be subject to preemptive or similar rights of stockholders. The Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents and the Warrants, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions on transfer provided for in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws, and shall not be subject to preemptive or similar rights of stockholders. The Underlying Shares to be issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock have been duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and as set forth in the Certificate of Designation, will be validly issued, free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions on transfer provided in the Transaction Documents or imposed by applicable securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Trading Market, and shall not be subject to preemptive or similar rights of stockholders, and the holders shall be entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers in this Agreement, the Shares to be issued at the applicable Closing will be issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws.

(g) Capitalization . The capitalization of the Company as of June 30, 2017 is as set forth in the SEC Reports. The Company has not issued any capital stock since the date of its most recently filed SEC Report other than to reflect stock option and warrant exercises or vesting of restricted stock units that do not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material effect on the issued and outstanding capital stock, options and other securities. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents that have not been effectively waived as of the applicable Closing Date. Except as set forth in the SEC Reports or a result of the purchase and sale of the Shares and Warrants, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire any shares of Common Stock, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents. The issuance and sale of the Shares and Warrants will not obligate the Company to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchasers) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance

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with all applicable federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. Other than the Voting Agreement, there are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the Company’s Knowledge, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.

(h) SEC Reports; Disclosure Materials . The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it under the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein as the “ SEC Reports ”, and the SEC Reports, together with the Disclosure Schedules, being collectively referred to as the “ Disclosure Materials ”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension, except where the failure to file on a timely basis would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect and would not have or reasonably be expected to result in any limitation or prohibition on the Company’s ability to register the Shares and Warrant Shares for resale on Form S-1 or on any Purchaser from using Rule 144 to resell any Securities. As of their respective filing dates, or to the extent corrected by a subsequent amendment, the SEC Reports complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. Each of the Material Contracts to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or to which the property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are subject has been filed (or incorporated by reference) as an exhibit to the SEC Reports.

(i) Financial Statements . The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at the time of filing (or to the extent corrected by a subsequent amendment). Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved, except as may be otherwise specified in such financial statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole as of and for the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial year-end audit adjustments.

(j) Material Changes . Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except as specifically disclosed in a subsequent SEC Report filed prior to the date hereof, (i) there have been no events, occurrences or developments that have had or would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any material liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not materially altered its method of accounting or the manner in which it keeps its accounting books and records, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock (other than in connection with repurchases of unvested stock issued to employees or service providers of the Company), and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except Common Stock issued in the ordinary course as dividends on outstanding preferred stock or issued pursuant to existing Company stock option or stock purchase plans or executive and director compensation arrangements disclosed in the SEC Reports. Except for the issuance of the Shares and Warrants contemplated by

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this Agreement, no event, liability or development has occurred or exists with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective business, properties, operations or financial condition, that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one (1) Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.

(k) Litigation . There is no Action which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) except as specifically disclosed in the SEC Reports would, if there were an unfavorable decision, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the Company’s Knowledge any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the Company’s Knowledge there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission or the Principal Trading Market involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.

(l) Employment Matters . No material labor dispute exists or, to the Company’s Knowledge, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company which would have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and each Subsidiary believes that its relationship with its employees is good. No executive officer of the Company (as defined in Rule 501(f) of the Securities Act) has notified the Company or any such Subsidiary that such officer intends to leave the Company or any such Subsidiary or otherwise terminate such officer’s employment with the Company or any such Subsidiary. To the Company’s Knowledge, no executive officer, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of a third party, and to the Company’s Knowledge, the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any Subsidiary to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(m) Compliance . Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under), nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries received written notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any Material Contract (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any order of any court, arbitrator or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company or its properties or assets, or (iii) is in violation of, or in receipt of written notice that it is in violation of, any statute, rule or regulation of any governmental authority applicable to the Company, except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(n) Regulatory Permits . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct its respective business as currently conducted and as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess such permits, individually or in the aggregate, has not and would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“ Material Permits ”), and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice of Proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Material Permits.

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(o) Title to Assets . The Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them. The Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all tangible personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as whole, in each case free and clear of all Liens except such as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its Subsidiaries.

(p) Patents and Trademarks . To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and the Subsidiaries own, possess, license or have other rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark applications and registrations, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses, technology, know-how and other intellectual property rights and similar rights described in the SEC Reports as necessary or material for use in connection with their respective businesses in all material respects (collectively, the “ Intellectual Property Rights ”). Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has knowingly infringed, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of the Intellectual Property Rights used by the Company or any Subsidiary violates or infringes, upon the patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of any Person. There is no pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by any Person that the Company’s business as now conducted infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of another. To the Company’s Knowledge, there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. To the Company’s Knowledge, there are no facts or circumstances which would form any basis for any claim of infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their Intellectual Property Rights. None of the technology employed by the Company has been obtained or is being used by the Company in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or any of its officers, directors or employees or otherwise in violation of the rights of any Person.

(q) Insurance . Except as otherwise described in the SEC Reports, the Company and each of the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as the Company believes to be prudent and customary in the businesses and locations in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice of cancellation of any such insurance, nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, will it or any Subsidiary be unable to renew their respective existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.

(r) Transactions With Affiliates . Except as set forth in the SEC Reports, none of the executive officers or directors of the Company or its Subsidiaries is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as executive officers and directors), that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act.

(s) Internal Accounting Controls . The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset and liability accountability, (iii) access to assets or incurrence of liabilities is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets and liabilities is compared with the existing assets and liabilities at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.

(t) Sarbanes-Oxley; Disclosure Controls . The Company is in compliance in all material respects with all of the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which are applicable to it as of the applicable Closing

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Date. The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) for the Company and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by the Company’s most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “ Evaluation Date ”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

(u) Certain Fees . No person or entity will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or a Purchaser for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of the Company, other than the Placement Agent with respect to the offer and sale of the Shares and Warrants (which placement agent fees are being paid by the Company). The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this paragraph (u) that may be due in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Company shall indemnify, pay, and hold each Purchaser harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such right, interest or claim.

(v) Private Placement . Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2 of this Agreement and the accuracy of the information disclosed in the Accredited Investor Questionnaires provided by the Purchasers, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Purchasers under the Transaction Documents. In respect of the Initial Closing, the issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder will not contravene the rules and regulations of the Principal Trading Market. In respect of the Second Closing, upon the Requisite Stockholder Approval, the issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder will not contravene the rules and regulations of the Principal Trading Market.

(w) Investment Company The Company is not, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Shares and Warrants, will not be an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

(x) Registration Rights . Other than each of the Purchasers, no Person has any right to cause the Company to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company.

(y) Listing and Maintenance Requirements . The Company’s Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to terminate the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(y) hereto, the Company has not, in the twelve (12) months preceding the date hereof, received written notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.1(y) hereto, the Company is in compliance in all material respects with all listing and maintenance requirements of the Principal Trading Market on the date hereof.

(z) Application of Takeover Protections; Rights Agreements . The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business

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combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s charter documents or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could reasonably be expected to become applicable to any of the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’’ ownership of the Securities.

(aa) Disclosure . The Company confirms that it has not provided, and to the Company’s Knowledge, none of its officers or directors nor any other Person acting on its or their behalf has provided, and it has not authorized the Placement Agent to provide, any Purchaser or its respective agents or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes material, non-public information except insofar as the existence, provisions and terms of the Transaction Documents and the proposed transactions hereunder may constitute such information, all of which will be disclosed by the Company in the Press Release as contemplated by Section 4.6 hereof. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.

(bb) No Integrated Offering . Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2 , none of the Company, its Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any of its Affiliates or any Person acting on its behalf has, directly or indirectly, at any time within the past six (6) months, made any offers or sales of any Company security or solicited any offers to buy any security under circumstances that would (i) eliminate the availability of the exemption from registration under Regulation D under the Securities Act in connection with the offer and sale by the Company of the Securities as contemplated hereby or (ii) cause the offering of the Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable law, regulation or stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.

(cc) Tax Matters . The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) has accurately and timely prepared and filed all foreign, federal and state income and all other tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith, with respect to which adequate reserves have been set aside on the books of the Company and (iii) has set aside on its books provisions reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply, except, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii) above, where the failure to so pay or file any such tax, assessment, charge or return would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction.

(dd) Environmental Matters . To the Company’s knowledge, neither Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) is in violation of any statute, rule, regulation, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, relating to the use, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or relating to the protection or restoration of the environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic substances (collectively, “ Environmental Laws ”), (ii) owns or operates any real property contaminated with any substance that is in violation of any Environmental Laws, (iii) is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination pursuant to any Environmental Laws, or (iv) is subject to any claim relating to any Environmental Laws; which violation, contamination, liability or claim has had or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect; and there is no pending investigation or, to the Company’s Knowledge, investigation threatened in writing that might lead to such a claim.

(ee) No General Solicitation . Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising.

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(ff) Foreign Corrupt Practices . Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries, nor to the Company’s Knowledge, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, has: (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or its Subsidiaries (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.

(gg) Off Balance Sheet Arrangements . There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company (or any Subsidiary) and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed by the Company in SEC Reports and is not so disclosed or that otherwise would have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(hh) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities . The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.

(ii) Regulation M Compliance . The Company has not, and to the Company’s Knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the securities of the Company or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Placement Agent in connection with the placement of the Shares and Warrants.

(jj) PFIC . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is or intends to become a “passive foreign investment company” within the meaning of Section 1297 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

(kk) OFAC . Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee, Affiliate or Person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“ OFAC ”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the sale of the Securities, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person or entity, towards any sales or operations in Cuba, Iran, Syria, Sudan, Myanmar or any other country sanctioned by OFAC or for the purpose of financing the activities of any Person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.

(ll) Government Licenses . The Company and its Subsidiaries possesses such permits, certificates, licenses, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively, “ Governmental Licenses ”) issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies necessary to conduct the business of the Company as described in the SEC Reports, including without limitation, all such approvals, certificates, authorizations and permits required by the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “ FDA ”) and/or other federal, state, local or foreign agencies or bodies engaged in the regulation of clinical trials, pharmaceuticals, or

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biohazardous substances or materials, except where the failure so to possess would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; the Company is in compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure so to comply would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect, except when the invalidity of such Governmental Licenses or the failure of such Governmental Licenses to be in full force and effect would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and the Company has not received any written notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses which, individually or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Where required by applicable laws and regulations of the FDA or any foreign regulatory authority, the Company has submitted to the FDA or any foreign regulatory authority an Investigational New Drug Application, or similar application, or amendment or supplement thereto for a clinical trial it has conducted or sponsored or is conducting or sponsoring, except where such failure would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; all such submissions were in material compliance with applicable laws and rules and regulations when submitted and no material deficiencies have been asserted by the FDA or such foreign regulatory authority with respect to any such submissions, except any deficiencies which could not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(mm) FDA and Foreign Regulatory Authority . As to each product subject to the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“ FDA ”) under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and the regulations thereunder (“ FDCA ”), or any foreign regulatory authority under similar laws and regulations (including, without limitation, the European Medicines Agency and the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare) that is manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, and/or sold by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such product, a “ Pharmaceutical Product ”), such Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, and/or sold by the Company in compliance with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration, investigational use, licensure or approval, good manufacturing practices, good laboratory practices, good clinical practices, product listing, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except where the failure to be in compliance would not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. There is no pending, completed or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened, action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge, complaint, or investigation) against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the FDA or any other governmental entity, which (i) contests the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of, the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any Pharmaceutical Product, (ii) requests the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws or orders the withdrawal of advertising or sales promotional materials relating to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) enters or proposes to enter into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (vi) otherwise alleges any violation of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which, either individually or in the aggregate, would have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The properties, business and operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the FDA and any foreign regulatory authority. Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries have been informed by the FDA or any foreign regulatory authority that the FDA or such foreign regulatory authority will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the applicable jurisdiction of any product proposed to be developed, produced or marketed by the Company or its Subsidiaries.

(nn) No Additional Agreements . The Company does not have any agreement or understanding with any Purchaser with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents other than as specified in the Transaction Documents.

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(oo) Conversion and Exercise Procedures . The form of Notice of Conversion included in the Certificate of Designation sets forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchasers in order to convert the Preferred Stock. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchasers to convert their Preferred Stock. The Company shall honor conversions of the Preferred Stock and shall deliver the Underlying Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents; provided, however, that prior to obtaining the Requisite Stockholder Approval, the Company shall not be required to issue any shares of Common Stock to a Purchaser upon conversion by such Purchaser (or its assigns) of any shares of the Preferred Stock to the extent (and only to the extent) that such conversion would result in the Purchaser (including its predecessors-in-interest) beneficially owning shares of Common Stock in excess of the applicable Threshold Amount unless approved by the Company’s stockholders in accordance with the applicable stockholder approval requirements of Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5635.

(pp) No Change of Control . Prior to the time at which the Company has received the Requisite Approval (as defined in the Certificate of Designation), the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby do not and will not result in a change of control as such term is defined in the Company’s Material Contract.

(qq) Reservations of Shares of Common Stock . So long as any of the Warrants are outstanding, the Company shall take all action necessary to reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued capital stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of the Warrants, the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (without taking into account any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants set forth in the Warrants). So long as the Preferred Stock remains outstanding, the Company shall take all action necessary to at all times have authorized, and reserved for the purpose of issuance, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock to effect the conversion of the Preferred Stock.

(rr) Eligibility to Use Form S-3 . As of the date of this Agreement, the Company is eligible to use Form S-3 under the Securities Act and it meets the transaction requirements with respect to General Instruction I.B.3 of Form S-3.

(ss) Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity . Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary (except for Sections 3.2(h) and 4.14 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has been asked by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term, (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities, (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Warrant Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.

(tt) No Disqualification Events . With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506 under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any

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beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchasers a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.

(uu) Other Covered Persons . Other than the Placement Agent, the Company is not aware of any person (other than any Issuer Covered Person) that has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration for solicitation of purchasers in connection with the sale of any Securities.

(vv) Notice of Disqualification Events . The Company will notify the Purchasers and the Placement Agent in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person.

3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchasers . Each Purchaser hereby, for itself and for no other Purchaser, represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of each Closing Date to the Company and the Placement Agent as follows:

(a) Organization; Authority . Such Purchaser is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with the requisite corporate or partnership power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the applicable Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Purchaser and performance by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or, if such Purchaser is not a corporation, such partnership, limited liability company or other applicable like action, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except (i) as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditors’ rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.

(b) No Conflicts . The execution, delivery and performance by such Purchaser of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and the consummation by such Purchaser of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of such Purchaser, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which such Purchaser is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to such Purchaser, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of such Purchaser to perform its obligations hereunder.

(c) Investment Intent . Such Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring the Shares and Warrants and, upon exercise of the Warrants and/or conversion of the Preferred Stock, will acquire

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the Warrant Shares and/or Underlying Shares issuable upon exercise or conversion thereof as principal for its own account and not with a view to, or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws, provided, however , that by making the representations herein, such Purchaser does not agree to hold any of the Securities for any minimum period of time and reserves the right, subject to the provisions of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, at all times to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of such Securities pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or under an exemption from such registration and in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. Such Purchaser does not presently have any agreement, plan or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any Person to distribute or effect any distribution of any of the Securities (or any securities which are derivatives thereof) to or through any person or entity; such Purchaser is not a registered broker-dealer under Section 15 of the Exchange Act or an entity engaged in a business that would require it to be so registered as a broker-dealer.

(d) Purchaser Status . At the time such Purchaser was offered the Shares and Warrants, it was, and at the date hereof it is, and on each date on which it exercises its Warrants or converts its Preferred Stock it will be, an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act. Purchaser hereby represents that neither it nor any of its Rule 506(d) Related Parties is a “bad actor” within the meaning of Rule 506(d) promulgated under the Securities Act. For purposes of this Agreement, “Rule 506(d) Related Party” shall mean a person or entity covered by the “Bad Actor disqualification” provision of Rule 506(d) of the Securities Act.

(e) General Solicitation . Such Purchaser is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio or presented at any seminar or any other general advertisement.

(f) Experience of Such Purchaser . Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment. Such Purchaser acknowledges that the obligation of the Company under this Agreement to offer and sell the Securities in the Second Closing is contingent upon the Requisite Stockholder Approval and in the event that the Requisite Stockholder Approval is not obtained, provided that the Company has used its reasonable best efforts to seek the Requisite Stockholder Approval no later than ninety (90) days after the Initial Closing Date and the Board of Directors of the Company recommends that the stockholders vote in favor of such Requisite Stockholder Approval, such Purchaser shall not have any recourse against the Company resulting from the fact that the Second Closing Does not Occur or the failure to obtain the Requisite Stockholder Approval.

(g) Access to Information . Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Disclosure Materials and has been afforded (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and the Subsidiaries and their respective financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Neither such inquiries nor any other investigation conducted by or on behalf of such Purchaser or its representatives or counsel shall modify, amend or affect such Purchaser’s right to rely on the truth, accuracy and completeness of the Disclosure Materials and the Company’s representations and warranties contained in the Transaction Documents. Such Purchaser has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed decision with respect to its acquisition of the Securities.

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(h) Certain Trading Activities . Other than with respect to the transactions contemplated herein, as of the date hereof, since the time that such Purchaser was first contacted by the Company, the Placement Agent or any other Person regarding the transactions contemplated hereby, neither the Purchaser nor any Affiliate of such Purchaser which (x) had knowledge of the transactions contemplated hereby, (y) has or shares discretion relating to such Purchaser’s investments or trading or information concerning such Purchaser’s investments, including in respect of the Securities, and (z) is subject to such Purchaser’s review or input concerning such Affiliate’s investments or trading (collectively, “ Trading Affiliate s”) has directly or indirectly, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser or Trading Affiliate, effected or agreed to effect any purchases or sales of the securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any Short Sales involving the Company’s securities). Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser and/or Trading Affiliate that is, individually or collectively, a multi-managed investment bank or vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s or Trading Affiliate’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s or Trading Affiliate’s assets, the representation set forth above shall apply only with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that have knowledge about the financing transaction contemplated by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect short sales or similar transactions in the future.

(i) Brokers and Finders . No Person will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any valid right, interest or claim against or upon the Company or any Purchaser for any commission, fee or other compensation pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into by or on behalf of the Purchaser.

(j) Independent Investment Decision . Such Purchaser has independently evaluated the merits of its decision to purchase Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents, and such Purchaser confirms that it has not relied on the advice of any other Purchaser’s business and/or legal counsel in making such decision. Such Purchaser understands that nothing in this Agreement or any other materials presented by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser in connection with the purchase of the Securities constitutes legal, tax or investment advice. Such Purchaser has consulted such legal, tax and investment advisors as it, in its sole discretion, has deemed necessary or appropriate in connection with its purchase of the Securities. Such Purchaser understands that the Placement Agent has acted solely as the agent of the Company in this placement of the Shares and Warrants and such Purchaser has not relied on the business or legal advice of the Placement Agent or any of its agents, counsel or Affiliates in making its investment decision hereunder, and confirms that none of such Persons has made any representations or warranties to such Purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

(k) Reliance on Exemptions . Such Purchaser understands that the Securities being offered and sold to it in reliance on specific exemptions from the registration requirements of United States federal and state securities laws and that the Company is relying in part upon the truth and accuracy of, and such Purchaser’s compliance with, the representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgements and understandings of such Purchaser set forth herein in order to determine the availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of such Purchaser to acquire the Securities.

(l) No Governmental Review . Such Purchaser understands that no United States federal or state agency or any other government or governmental agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of the investment in the Securities nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities.

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(m) Regulation M . Such Purchaser is aware that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of Common Stock and other activities with respect to the Common Stock by the Purchasers.

(n) Beneficial Ownership . Assuming the accuracy of the Company’s representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(g ), the purchase by such Purchaser of the Common Shares and Warrants issuable to it at the Initial Closing will not result in such Purchaser (individually or together with any other Person with whom such Purchaser has identified, or will have identified, itself as part of a “group” in a public filing made with the Commission involving the Company’s securities) acquiring, or obtaining the right to acquire, in excess of 19.999% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock or the voting power of the Company on a post transaction basis that assumes that such Closing shall have occurred. In connection with the Initial Closing, such Purchaser does not presently intend to, alone or together with others, make a public filing with the Commission to disclose that it has (or that it together with such other Persons have) acquired, or obtained the right to acquire, as a result of such Closing (when added to any other securities of the Company that it or they then own or have the right to acquire), in excess of 19.999% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock or the voting power of the Company on a post transaction basis that assumes that each Closing shall have occurred. A Purchaser shall not be deemed to have acquired, or have the right to acquire, any shares of Common Stock in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined in the Certificate of Designation) prior to the sixty-first (61st) day after the Purchaser’s delivery of a Notice of Conversion under the Certificate of Designation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall at all times be required to issue the applicable number of shares of Common Stock to a given Purchaser upon the valid conversion by such Purchaser (or its assigns) of shares of Class Y Preferred Stock unless and only to the extent that, prior to the Required Stockholder Approval, such conversion and related issuance: (i) would result in the aggregate issuance to a given Purchaser (including its predecessors-in-interest) of a number of shares of Common Stock in excess of the applicable Threshold Amount, and (ii) has not been approved by the Company’s stockholders in accordance with the stockholder approval requirements of Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5635.

(o) Residency . Such Purchaser’s residence (if an individual) or offices in which its investment decision with respect to the Securities was made (if an entity) are located at the address immediately below such Purchaser’s name on its signature page hereto.

(p) Accuracy of Accredited Investor Questionnaire . The Accredited Investor Questionnaire delivered by such Purchaser in connection with this Agreement is complete and accurate in all respects as of the date of this Agreement, and such Accredited Investor Questionnaire delivered to the Company by such Purchaser will each be complete and accurate as of each Closing and the effective date of the Registration Statement; provided, that such Purchaser shall be entitled to update such information by providing written notice thereof to the Company.

The Company and each of the Purchasers acknowledge and agree that no party to this Agreement has made or makes any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in this Article III and the Transaction Documents.

ARTICLE IV.

OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES

4.1 Transfer Restrictions .

(a) Compliance with Laws . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article IV , each Purchaser covenants that the Securities may be disposed of only pursuant to an effective registration statement under, and in compliance with the requirements of, the Securities Act, or pursuant to an available exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and in compliance with any

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applicable state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of the Securities other than (i) pursuant to an effective registration statement, (ii) to the Company, (iii) pursuant to Rule 144 ( provided that the Purchaser provides the Company with reasonable assurances (in the form of seller and, if applicable, broker representation letters) that the securities may be sold pursuant to such rule), the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Securities under the Securities Act. As a condition of transfer, any such transferee shall agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and shall have the rights of a Purchaser under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement with respect to such transferred Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company hereby consents to and agrees to register on the books of the Company and with its Transfer Agent, without any legal opinion, except to the extent required by the Company’s Transfer Agent, any transfer of the Securities by a Purchaser to an Affiliate of such Purchaser; provided, that the transferee certifies to the Company that it is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and provided that such Affiliate does not request any removal of any existing legends on any certificate evidencing the Securities.

(b) Legends . Any certificates or book entry notations evidencing the Securities shall bear any legend as required by the “blue sky” laws of any state and a restrictive legend in substantially the following form, until such time as they are not required under Section 4.1(c) :

NEITHER THESE SECURITIES NOR THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THESE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (I) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (B) AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR BLUE SKY LAWS OR (II) UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.

The Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge, and/or grant a security interest in, some or all of the legended Securities in connection with applicable securities laws, pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement in compliance with a bona fide margin loan. Such a pledge would not be subject to approval or consent of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel to the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection with the pledge, but such legal opinion shall be required in connection with a subsequent transfer or foreclosure following default by the Purchaser transferee of the pledge. No notice shall be required of such pledge, but Purchaser’s transferee shall promptly notify the Company of any such subsequent transfer or foreclosure of such legended Securities. Each Purchaser acknowledges that the Company shall not be responsible for any pledges relating to, or the grant of any security interest in, any of the Securities or for any agreement, understanding or arrangement between any Purchaser and its pledgee or secured party. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities, including the preparation and filing of any required prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) of the Securities Act or other applicable provision of the Securities Act to appropriately amend the list of Selling Stockholders thereunder. Each Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.1(c) , any Securities subject to a pledge or security interest as contemplated by this Section 4.1(b) shall continue to bear the legend set forth in this Section 4.1(b) and be subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in Section 4.1(a) .

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(c) Removal of Legends . The legend set forth in Section 4.1(b) above shall be removed and the Company shall issue a certificate (or book entry notation, as applicable) without such legend or any other legend to the holder of the applicable Securities upon which it is stamped or issue to such holder by electronic delivery at the applicable balance account at the Depository Trust Company (“ DTC ”), if (i) such Securities are registered for resale under the Securities Act (provided that, if the Purchaser is selling pursuant to the effective registration statement registering the Securities for resale, such Securities are sold only during such time that such registration statement is effective and not withdrawn or suspended, and only as permitted by such registration statement), (ii) such Securities are sold or transferred pursuant to Rule 144 (if the transferor is not an Affiliate of the Company), or (iii) such Securities are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such securities and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions. Following the earlier of (i) the Effective Date or (ii) Rule 144 becoming available for the resale of Securities, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such securities and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, the Company shall cause Company Counsel to issue to the Transfer Agent the legal opinion referred to in the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions. Any fees (with respect to the Transfer Agent, Company Counsel or otherwise) associated with the issuance of such opinion or the removal of such legend shall be borne by the Company. Following the Effective Date, or at such earlier time as a legend is no longer required for certain Securities, the Company will no later than two (2) Trading Days following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company (with notice to the Company) of (i) a legended certificate (or book entry notation) representing Shares, Warrant Shares or Underlying Shares (endorsed or with stock powers attached, signatures guaranteed, and otherwise in form necessary to affect the reissuance and/or transfer), (ii) an Exercise Notice in the manner stated in the Warrants to effect the exercise of such Warrant in accordance with its terms, or (iii) a Notice of Conversion in the manner stated in the Certificate of Designation to effect the conversion of such Preferred Shares in accordance with their terms, and an opinion of counsel to the extent required by Section 4.1(a) (such second (2 ^nd ) Trading Day, the “ Legend Removal Date ”), deliver or cause to be delivered to the transferee of such Purchaser or such Purchaser, as applicable, a certificate or book entry notations representing such Securities that is free from all restrictive and other legends, or at the election of the Purchaser, by delivery via the Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system of DTC. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 4.1(c) . Certificates (or book entry notations) for Shares or Warrant Shares subject to legend removal hereunder may be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchasers by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with DTC as directed by such Purchaser. If a legal opinion is required by the Company’s transfer agent or requested by a Purchaser in connection with legend removal, the Company hereby agrees to cause its outside counsel to promptly provide such legal opinion.

(d) Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions . The Company shall issue irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent, and any subsequent transfer agent, in substantially the form of Exhibit E-1 and E-2 attached hereto (the “ Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions ”). The Company represents and warrants that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions referred to in this Section 4.1(d) (or instructions that are consistent therewith) will be given by the Company to its transfer agent in connection with this Agreement, other than with respect to the issuance of the Underlying Shares upon a valid conversion of the Preferred Stock, and that the Securities shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company as and to the extent provided in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and applicable law. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations under this Section 4.1(d) will cause irreparable harm to a Purchaser. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Section 4.1(d) will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section 4.1(d) , that a Purchaser shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an order and/or injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance and transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required.

(e) Acknowledgement . Each Purchaser hereunder acknowledges its primary responsibilities under the Securities Act and accordingly will not sell or otherwise transfer the Securities or any interest therein without

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complying with the requirements of the Securities Act. While the Registration Statement remains effective, each Purchaser hereunder may sell the Shares and Warrant Shares in accordance with the plan of distribution contained in the Registration Statement and if it does so it will comply therewith and with the related prospectus delivery requirements unless an exemption therefrom is available. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, agrees that if it is notified by the Company in writing at any time that the Registration Statement registering the resale of the Shares or the Warrant Shares is not effective or that the prospectus included in such Registration Statement no longer complies with the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act, the Purchaser will refrain from selling such Shares and Warrant Shares until such time as the Purchaser is notified by the Company that such Registration Statement is effective or such prospectus is compliant with Section 10 of the Securities Act, unless such Purchaser is able to, and does, sell such Shares or Warrant Shares pursuant to an available exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act. Both the Company and its Transfer Agent, and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents, may rely on this Section 4.1(e) and each Purchaser hereunder will indemnify and hold harmless each of such persons from any breaches or violations of this Section 4.1(e) .

(f) Failure to Deliver Shares . If the Company shall fail for any reason or for no reason to issue to a Purchaser a certificate (or book entry notation, as applicable) without such legend or any other legend to the holder of the applicable Shares or Warrant Shares upon which it is stamped or issue to such holder by electronic delivery at the applicable balance account at the DTC within two (2) Trading Days after receipt of all documents necessary for the removal of the legend set forth above (the “ Deadline Date ”), then, in addition to all other remedies available to such Purchaser, (i) the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, (i) as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Shares or Warrant Shares (based on the Closing Bid Price of the Common Stock on the date such Securities are submitted to the Transfer Agent) delivered for removal of the restrictive legend and subject to Section 4.1(c), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day five (5) Trading Days after such damages have begun to accrue) for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date and (ii) until such certificate is delivered without a legend if on or after the Trading Day immediately following such two (2) Trading Day period, such Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the holder of shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend (a “ Buy-In ”), then the Company shall, within two (2) Trading Days after such Purchaser’s request and in such Purchaser’s sole discretion, either (i) pay cash to the Purchaser in an amount equal to such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (the “ Buy-In Price ”), at which point the Company’s obligation to deliver such certificate (or make such book entry notation, as applicable) (and to issue such shares of Common Stock) shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to deliver to such Purchaser a certificate or certificates (or make such book entry notation, as applicable) representing such shares of Common Stock and pay cash to the Purchaser in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (a) such number of shares of Common Stock, times (b) the Closing Bid Price on the Deadline Date.

4.2 Reservation of Common Stock . The Company shall take all action necessary to at all times have authorized, and reserved for the purpose of issuance from and after the applicable Closing Date, the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants issued at the Closing (without taking into account any limitations on exercise of the Warrants set forth in the Warrants). From the Second Closing Date to the date on which the Purchasers have exercised their rights in full under the Certificate of Designation, the Company shall reserve for issuance to the Purchasers a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to the number of Underlying Shares.

4.3 Furnishing of Information . In order to enable the Purchasers to sell the Securities under Rule 144, until the date that the Shares and Warrant Shares cease to be Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement), the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act. During such period, if the Company is not required

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to file reports pursuant to the Exchange Act, it will prepare and furnish to the Purchasers and make publicly available in accordance with Rule 144(c) such information as is required for the Purchasers to sell the Securities under Rule 144.

4.4 Warrant Exercise Procedures . The totality of the procedures required of a Purchaser in order to exercise its Warrants are as set forth in the Warrants. Subject to compliance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, no additional legal opinion or other information or instruction not otherwise specified therein shall be required of such Purchaser to exercise their Warrants. The Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants, and shall deliver Warrant Shares, in each case, in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.

4.5 Integration . The Company shall not, and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that no Affiliate of the Company shall, sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of the Securities Act) that will be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities to the Purchasers, or that will be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.

4.6 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity . By 9:00 A.M., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately following the date hereof, the Company shall issue a press release (the “ Press Release ”) reasonably acceptable to the Placement Agent disclosing all material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby. On or before 9:00 A.M., New York City time, on the second (2 ^nd ) Trading Day immediately following the execution of this Agreement, the Company will file a Current Report on Form 8-K with the Commission describing the terms of the Transaction Documents (and including as exhibits to such Current Report on Form 8-K the material Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, this Agreement, the form of Warrant and the Registration Rights Agreement)). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser or an Affiliate of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser or an Affiliate of any Purchaser in any press release or filing with the Commission (other than the Registration Statement) or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of such Purchaser, except (i) as required by federal securities law in connection with (A) any registration statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement and (B) the filing of final Transaction Documents (including signature pages thereto) with the Commission and (ii) to the extent such disclosure is required by law, request of the Staff of the Commission or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchasers with prior written notice of such disclosure permitted under this subclause (ii). From and after the issuance of the Press Release, no Purchaser shall be in possession of any material, non-public information received from the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents, that is not disclosed in the Press Release unless a Purchaser shall have executed a written agreement, after the issuance of the Press Release, regarding the confidentiality and use of such information. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are required to be publicly disclosed by the Company as described in this Section 4.6 , such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction).

4.7 Shareholder Rights Plan . No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “ Acquiring Person ” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, in either case solely by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other written agreement between the Company and the Purchasers; provided, however, that no such Purchaser owns any equity in the Company prior to its purchase of the Securities hereunder.

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4.8 Non-Public Information . Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, including this Agreement, or as expressly required by any applicable securities law, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf, will provide any Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any information regarding the Company that the Company believes constitutes material non-public information without the express written consent of such Purchaser, unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have executed a written agreement regarding the confidentiality and use of such information. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. If the Company provides a Purchaser or its agents or counsel with any material non-public information regarding the Company without the express written consent of such Purchaser, neither the Purchaser nor its agent or counsel shall have any duty of confidentiality with respect to, or duty not to trade on the basis of, such information.

4.9 Use of Proceeds . The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares and Warrants hereunder for clinical research and development purposes for SOLLPURA, including the RESULT, SIMPLICITY and EASY trials as well as enabling manufacturing and general corporate purposes and shall not use such proceeds for: (a) the satisfaction of any portion of the Company’s debt (other than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior practices), (b) the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (c) the settlement of any outstanding litigation.

4.10 Indemnification of Purchasers . In consideration of each Purchaser’s execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities thereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, subject to the provisions of this Section 4.10 , the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, shareholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “ Purchaser Party ”) harmless from and against any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation (“ Indemnified Liabilities ”) that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in any of the other Transaction Documents or (b) any action instituted against the Company, any Purchaser Party, or any other Purchaser in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any Person who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser seeking indemnification, with respect to or arising out of the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is based upon a breach of such Purchaser’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser may have with any such stockholder or any violations by the Purchaser of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance). Promptly after receipt by any such Person (the “ Indemnified Person ”) of notice of any demand, claim or circumstances which would or might give rise to a claim or the commencement of any action, proceeding or investigation in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Section 4.10 , such Indemnified Person shall promptly notify the Company in writing and the Company shall assume the defense thereof, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Person, and shall assume the payment of all reasonable fees and expenses relating to such proceeding; provided , however, that the failure of any Indemnified Person so to notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder except to the extent that the Company is actually and materially prejudiced by such failure to notify. In any such proceeding, any Indemnified Person shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the reasonable and documented fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person unless: (i) the Company and the Indemnified Person shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel; (ii) the Company shall have failed promptly to assume the defense of such proceeding and to employ counsel reasonably

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satisfactory to such Indemnified Person in such proceeding; or (iii) in the reasonable judgment of counsel to such Indemnified Person, representation of both parties by the same counsel may be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Person, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned, the Company shall not effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Person is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Person, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Person from all liability arising out of such proceeding.

4.11 Principal Trading Market Listing . In the time and manner required by the Principal Trading Market, the Company shall prepare and file with such Principal Trading Market an additional shares listing application covering all of the Common Shares, Warrant Shares and Underlying Shares and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to take all steps necessary to cause all of the Common Shares, Warrant Shares and Underlying Shares to be approved for listing on the Principal Trading Market as promptly as possible thereafter.

4.12 Form D; Blue Sky . The Company agrees to timely file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D and to provide a copy thereof, promptly upon the written request of any Purchaser. The Company, on or before the applicable Closing Date, shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for or to qualify the Securities for sale to the Purchasers under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States (or to obtain an exemption from such qualification) and shall provide evidence of such actions promptly upon the written request of any Purchaser.

4.13 Delivery of Shares and Warrants After Closing . The Company shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, a book entry statement evidencing the Shares purchased by each Purchaser to such Purchaser within three (3) Trading Days of each Closing Date.

4.14 Short Sales and Confidentiality After The Date Hereof . Such Purchaser shall not, and shall cause its Trading Affiliates not to, engage, directly or indirectly, in any transactions in the Company’s securities (including, without limitation, any Short Sales involving the Company’s securities) during the period from the date hereof until the earlier of such time as (i) the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced as required by and described in Section 4.6 or (ii) this Agreement is terminated in full pursuant to Section 6.18 . Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company as described in Section 4.6 , such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Transaction Documents and Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in Short Sales in the securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced as described in Section 4.5 . Each Purchaser understands and acknowledges, severally and not jointly with any other Purchaser, that the Commission currently takes the position that covering a short position established prior to effectiveness of a resale registration statement with shares included in such registration statement would be a violation of Section 5 of the Securities Act, as set forth in Item 65, Section 5 under Section A, of the Manual of Publicly Available Telephone Interpretations, dated July 1997, compiled by the Office of Chief Counsel, Division of Corporation Finance.

4.15 Equal Treatment of Purchasers . No consideration (including any modification of any Transaction Document) shall be offered or paid to any Person to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of the Transaction Documents unless the same consideration is also offered to all of the parties to the Transaction Documents. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser by the Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities or otherwise.

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4.16 Subsequent Equity Sales . From the date hereof until thirty (30) days after the later of (i) the Effective Date and (ii) the date that the Required Stockholder Approval is obtained and deemed effective, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall issue shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents other than (1) pursuant to an Approved Stock Plan, or (2) upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder or any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date hereof; provided, however , the thirty (30) day period set forth in this Section 4.16 shall be extended for the number of Trading Days during such period in which (i) trading in the Common Stock is suspended by any Trading Market, or (ii) following the Effective Date, the Registration Statement is not effective or the prospectus included in the Registration Statement may not be used by the Purchasers for the resale of the Shares and Warrant Shares. In addition, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain a waiver of registration rights under the IRA for the period of time from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Date.

4.17 Lock-up Agreements . The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Lock-up Agreements except to extend the term of the lock-up period and shall enforce the provisions of each Lock-up Agreement in accordance with its terms. If any officer or director that is a party to a Lock-up Agreement breaches any provision of a Lock-up Agreement, the Company shall promptly use its best efforts to seek specific performance of the terms of such Lock-up Agreement.

4.18 Voting Agreements . The Company shall not amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any of the Voting Agreements and shall enforce the provisions of each Voting Agreement in accordance with its terms. If any stockholder that is a party to a Voting Agreement breaches any provision of a Voting Agreement, the Company shall promptly use its best efforts to seek specific performance of the terms of such Voting Agreement.

4.19 Effectiveness of Registration Statement . The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to cause the initial Registration Statement to become effective prior to the topline data release for the Company’s RESULT trial.

ARTICLE V.

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO CLOSING

5.1 Conditions Precedent to the Obligations of the Purchasers to Purchase Securities . The obligation of each Purchaser to acquire Shares and Warrants at the Initial Closing and/or Second Closing is subject to the fulfillment to such Purchaser’s satisfaction, on or prior to the applicable Closing Date, of each of the following conditions, any of which may be waived by such Purchaser (as to itself only):

(a) Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties of the Company contained herein shall be true and correct in all material respects (except for those representations and warranties which are qualified as to materiality, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all respects) as of the date when made and as of each Closing Date, as though made on and as of such date, except for such representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date.

(b) Performance . The Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by it at or prior to each Closing.

(c) No Injunction . No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

(d) Consents . The Company shall have obtained in a timely fashion any and all consents, permits, approvals, registrations and waivers necessary for consummation of the purchase and sale of the Securities (including all Required Approvals), all of which shall be and remain so long as necessary in full force and effect.

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(e) Adverse Changes . Since the date of execution of this Agreement, no event or series of events shall have occurred that has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(f) Listing . The Nasdaq Global Market shall have approved the listing of additional shares application for the Common Shares, Warrants Shares and Underlying Shares.

(g) No Suspensions of Trading in Common Stock . The Common Stock shall not have been suspended, as of the applicable Closing Date, by the Commission or the Principal Trading Market from trading on the Principal Trading Market nor shall suspension by the Commission or the Principal Trading Market have been threatened, as of the applicable Closing Date, either (A) in writing by the Commission or the Principal Trading Market or (B) by falling below the minimum listing maintenance requirements of the Principal Trading Market.

(h) Company Deliverables . The Company shall have delivered the Company Deliverables in accordance with Section 2.2(a) .

(i) Compliance Certificate . The Company shall have delivered to each Purchaser a certificate, dated as of each Closing Date and signed by its Chief Executive Officer or its Chief Financial Officer, dated as of the applicable Closing Date, certifying to the fulfillment of the conditions specified in Sections 5.1(a) and (b)  in the form attached hereto as Exhibit G .

(j) Termination . This Agreement shall not have been terminated as to such Purchaser in accordance with Section 6.18 herein.

(k) Reservation of Shares of Common Stock . As of each Closing Date, the Company shall have reserved out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of the Warrants, the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants issued in such Closing (without taking into account any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants set forth in the Warrants). Further, as of the Second Closing Date, the Company shall have reserved out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Preferred Stock, a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Underlying Shares issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock.

5.2 Conditions Precedent to the Obligations of the Company to sell Securities . The Company’s obligation to sell and issue the Shares and Warrants at the Initial and/or Second Closing to a Purchaser is subject to the fulfillment to the satisfaction of the Company on or prior to the applicable Closing Date of the following conditions, any of which may be waived by the Company:

(a) Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties made by such Purchaser in Section 3.2 hereof shall be true and correct in all material respects (except for those representations and warranties which are qualified as to materiality, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all respects) as of the date when made, and as of each Closing Date as though made on and as of such date, except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date.

(b) Performance . Such Purchaser shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the Transaction Documents to be performed, satisfied or complied with by such Purchaser at or prior to each Closing Date.

(c) No Injunction . No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any court or governmental authority of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

(d) Purchasers Deliverables . Such Purchaser shall have delivered its Purchaser Deliverables in accordance with Section 2.2(b) .

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(e) Termination . This Agreement shall not have been terminated as to such Purchaser in accordance with Section 6.18 herein.

ARTICLE VI.

MISCELLANEOUS

6.1 Fees and Expenses . The Company and the Purchasers shall each pay the fees and expenses of their respective advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party in connection with the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees, stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the sale and issuance of the Securities to the Purchasers.

6.2 Entire Agreement . The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements, understandings, discussions and representations, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules. At or after each Closing, and without further consideration, the Company and the Purchasers will execute and deliver to the other such further documents as may be reasonably requested in order to give practical effect to the intention of the parties under the Transaction Documents.

6.3 Notices . Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via electronic mail or facsimile (provided the sender receives a machine-generated confirmation of successful transmission) at the email address or facsimile number specified in this Section 6.3 prior to 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number specified in this Section 6.3 on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on any Trading Day, (c) the Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service with next day delivery specified, or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as follows:

or such other address as may be designated in writing hereafter, in the same manner, by such Person.

6.4 Amendments; Waivers; No Additional Consideration . No provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by

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(a) the Company and (b)(i) prior to the Initial Closing, the Purchasers representing at least two-thirds (  ² ⁄ ₃ ) of the issuable Securities, and (ii) after the Initial Closing, the Purchasers representing at least two-thirds (  ² ⁄ ₃ ) of the Securities then held by Purchasers or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waiver is sought; provided, that any amendment, waiver modification or supplement of this Agreement that modifies the Subscription Amount of any Purchaser, the Purchase Price or Section 2.1(a) of this Agreement or causes any such Purchaser to assume any additional liability or obligation, may be effected only pursuant to a written instrument signed by the Company and such Purchaser. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of either party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. No consideration shall be offered or paid to any Purchaser to amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of any Transaction Document unless the same consideration is also offered on the same terms and conditions to all Purchasers who then hold Securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any provision of this Agreement which may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended without the written consent of each Purchaser may only be so waived, modified, supplemented or amended in a manner which applies to all Purchasers in the same fashion. The Company shall give prompt written notice to each Purchaser of any waiver, modification, supplement or amendment hereof that was effected without each Purchaser’s written consent.

6.5 Construction . The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. This Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provisions of this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents.

6.6 Successors and Assigns . The provisions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. This Agreement, or any rights or obligations hereunder, may not be assigned by the Company without the prior written consent of each Purchaser. Any Purchaser may assign its rights hereunder in whole or in part to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities in compliance with the Transaction Documents and applicable law, provided such transferee shall agree in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the terms and conditions of this Agreement that apply to the “Purchasers”.

6.7 No Third-Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except (i) the Placement Agent is an intended third party beneficiary of Article III hereof and (ii) each Purchaser Party is an intended third party beneficiary of Section 4.9 .

6.8 Governing Law . All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective Affiliates, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the New York Courts. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the New York Courts for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such New York Court, or that such Proceeding has been commenced in an improper or inconvenient forum. Each party hereto hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such

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party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

6.9 Survival . Subject to applicable statute of limitations, the representations, warranties, agreements and covenants contained herein shall survive each Closing and the delivery of all the Securities.

6.10 Execution . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party, it being understood that both parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission, or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile signature page were an original thereof.

6.11 Severability . If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, the validity and enforceability of the remaining terms and provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and the parties will attempt to agree upon a valid and enforceable provision that is a reasonable substitute therefor, and upon so agreeing, shall incorporate such substitute provision in this Agreement.

6.12 Rescission and Withdrawal Right . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) the Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights.

6.13 Replacement of Securities . If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof, or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company and the Transfer Agent of such loss, theft or destruction and the execution by the holder thereof of a customary lost certificate affidavit of that fact and an agreement to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and the Transfer Agent for any losses in connection therewith or, if required by the Transfer Agent, a bond in such form and amount as is required by the Transfer Agent. The applicants for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities. If a replacement certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is requested due to a mutilation thereof, the Company may require delivery of such mutilated certificate or instrument as a condition precedent to any issuance of a replacement.

6.14 Remedies . In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations described in the foregoing sentence and hereby agree to waive in any action for specific performance of any such obligation (other than in connection with any action for a temporary restraining order) the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.

6.15 Payment Set Aside . To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such

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payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.

6.16 Adjustments in Share Numbers and Prices . In the event of any stock split, subdivision, dividend or distribution payable in shares of Common Stock (or other securities or rights convertible into, or entitling the holder thereof to receive directly or indirectly shares of Common Stock), combination or other similar recapitalization or event occurring after the date hereof and prior to the Closing, each reference in any Transaction Document to a number of shares or a price per share shall be deemed to be amended to appropriately account for such event.

6.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights . The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. The decision of each Purchaser to purchase Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents has been made by such Purchaser independently of any other Purchaser and independently of any information, materials, statements or opinions as to the business, affairs, operations, assets, properties, liabilities, results of operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any Subsidiary which may have been made or given by any other Purchaser or by any agent or employee of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser and any of its agents or employees shall have any liability to any other Purchaser (or any other Person) relating to or arising from any such information, materials, statement or opinions. Nothing contained herein or in any Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser acknowledges that no other Purchaser has acted as agent for such Purchaser in connection with making its investment hereunder and that no Purchaser will be acting as agent of such Purchaser in connection with monitoring its investment in the Securities or enforcing its rights under the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including without limitation the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative convenience only, Purchasers and their respective counsels have chosen to communicate with the Company through Cooley LLP, counsel to the Placement Agent. Each Purchaser acknowledges that Cooley LLP has rendered legal advice to the Placement Agent and not to such Purchaser in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and that each such Purchaser has relied for such matters on the advice of its own respective counsel. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any Purchaser.

6.18 Termination . This Agreement may be terminated and the sale and purchase of the Shares and the Warrants abandoned (i) at any time prior to the Initial Closing by either the Company or any Purchaser (with respect to itself only) upon written notice to the other, if the Initial Closing has not been consummated on or prior to 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the Outside Date, and (ii) prior to the Second Closing at any time after the date that is ninety (90) days after the Initial Closing Date if at such time the Requisite Stockholder Approval has not been obtained; provided, however , that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 6.18 shall not be available to any Person whose failure to comply with its obligations under this Agreement has been the cause of or resulted in the failure of the Initial Closing to occur on or before such time. Nothing in this Section 6.18 shall be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the terms and provisions

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of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance by any other party of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. In the event of a termination pursuant to this Section 6.18 , the Company shall promptly notify all non-terminating Purchasers. Upon a termination in accordance with this Section 6.18 , the Company and the terminating Purchaser(s) shall not have any further obligation or liability (including arising from such termination) to the other, and no Purchaser will have any liability to any other Purchaser under the Transaction Documents as a result therefrom. The Company and any Purchaser(s) may extend the term of this Agreement in accordance with the amendment provisions of Section 6.4 herein.

6.19 Waiver of Conflicts . Each Purchaser acknowledges that Goodwin Procter LLP, outside general counsel to the Company, has in the past performed and is or may now or in the future represent one or more Purchasers or their affiliates in matters unrelated to the transactions contemplated by the this Agreement, including representation of such Purchasers or their affiliates in matters of a similar nature to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The applicable rules of professional conduct require that Goodwin Procter LLP inform the Purchasers hereunder of this representation and obtain their consent. Goodwin Procter LLP has served as outside general counsel to the Company and has negotiated the terms of this Agreement solely on behalf of the Company. Each Purchaser hereby (a) acknowledges that they have had an opportunity to ask for and have obtained information relevant to such representation; (b) acknowledges that with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, Goodwin Procter has represented solely the Company, and not any Purchaser or any stockholder, director or employee of the Company or any Purchaser; and (c) gives its informed consent to Goodwin Procter LLP’s representation of the Company in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.

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EXHIBITS :

SCHEDULES :

3.1(a) Subsidiaries

3.1(y) Listing and Maintenance Requirements

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EXHIBIT A

FORM OF WARRANT

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EXHIBIT B

FORM OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

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EXHIBIT C-1

ACCREDITED INVESTOR QUESTIONNAIRE

(ALL INFORMATION WILL BE TREATED CONFIDENTIALLY)

This Investor Questionnaire (“ Questionnaire ”) must be completed by each potential investor in connection with the offer and sale of the shares of the common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and the shares of common stock that may be issued upon exercise of certain warrants or upon conversion of the Class Y Preferred Stock (collectively, the “ Securities ”), of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Corporation ”). The Securities are being offered and sold by the Corporation without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Act ”), and the securities laws of certain states, in reliance on the exemptions contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Act and on Regulation D promulgated thereunder and in reliance on similar exemptions under applicable state laws. The Corporation must determine that a potential investor meets certain suitability requirements before offering or selling Securities to such investor. The purpose of this Questionnaire is to assure the Corporation that each investor will meet the applicable suitability requirements. The information supplied by you will be used in determining whether you meet such criteria, and reliance upon the private offering exemptions from registration is based in part on the information herein supplied.