ANPFF Anpulo Food Inc (GM)

Item 3.     Key Information

A.            Selected Financial Data

The following table presents the selected consolidated financial information for our company. The selected consolidated statements of comprehensive loss data for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements which are included in this annual report beginning on page F-1. The selected consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) data for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements which are not included in this annual report. Our audited consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. 

Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other future period.

You should read the selected consolidated financial data set forth below in conjunction with Item 5, “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report.

*: less than 0.01

**: The outstanding shares are presented assuming the acquisition took place on January 1, 2011.

The following table presents a summary of our consolidated balance sheet data as of the dates set forth below:

***: The outstanding shares are presented assuming the acquisition took place on January 1, 2011.

Exchange Rates

Unless otherwise stated, with the exception of equity at December 31, 2015, we translated balance sheet amounts at RMB 6.4917 to $1.00 as compared to RMB 6.1385 to $1.00 at December 31, 2014. The equity accounts at December 31, 2015 were stated at their historical rate. The average translation rates applied to income statement accounts for the year ended December 31, 2015 and the year ended December 31, 2014 were RMB 6.2288 and RMB 6.1432, respectively. We make no representation that the RMB or U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this report could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all. Any discrepancies in any table between the amounts identified as total amounts and the sum of the amounts listed therein are due to rounding.

The exchange rate in effect on May 4, 2016, was USD$ 1.00 to RMB 6.4973

B.           Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

C.           Reason for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not Applicable.

D.           Risk Factors

Our business faces significant risks. You should carefully consider the risks described below, as well as the other information contained in this Report, including our financial statements and related notes. If any of the following risks, as well as other risks and uncertainties that are not yet identified or that we currently think are immaterial, actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our ordinary shares could decline, and you may lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Relating to Our Financial Conditions and Capital Requirements

We will require additional capital resource to meet our ongoing obligations and anticipated operations for the next twelve months.

Our cash reserves are not sufficient to meet our ongoing obligations and anticipated operations for the next twelve month period. As a result, we will need to seek additional funding in the near future. We currently do not have a specific plan of how we will obtain such funding; however, we anticipate that additional funding will be in the form of equity financing from the sale of shares of our common stock or renewing our current obligations with loaners. We may also seek to obtain short-term loans from our directors or unrelated parties. If we raise additional capital through the issuance of equity, the percentage ownership of our company held by existing shareholders will be reduced and those shareholders may experience significant dilution. In addition, new securities may contain certain rights, preferences or privileges that are senior to those of our common stock. If we seek to raise additional capital through the issuance of debt or its equivalents, which will be more difficult for us for our high debt-to-assets ratio described in more details below, the incurrence of indebtedness, will result in increased interest expense and, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions such as incurring additional debt, expending capital, or declaring dividends, or which impose financial covenants on us that impede our ability to manage our operations.

If we are unable to obtain additional financing, we may be required to reduce the scope of our business development activities, which could harm our business plans, financial condition and operating results. If we are unable to operate at a reduced scale, we may not be able to continue. If we ceased operations, it is likely that all of our investors would lose their investment.

Our operations are cash intensive so we are generally at high risks of encountering cash flow problems.

We expend a significant amount of cash in our operations, principally to fund hogs procurement. Our suppliers typically require payment in full upon delivery. In turn, we typically require our customers of chilled and frozen pork to make payment in full on delivery, although we offer some of our long-standing customers’ credit terms. We generally fund most of our working capital requirements out of cash flow generated from operations. Because our operations are cash intensive, we are at high risks of having insufficient cash flow to fund our operating costs if we fail to generate sufficient revenues from our sales, or if we experience difficulties collecting our accounts receivable.

We have over $11 million debt due in the next 12 months and a high debt-to-assets ratio.

We have over $11 million in debt obligations due in the next twelve months. We have historically carried large debt and have been able to meet our debt obligations. However, if we fail to secure additional financing for the next twelve month period, or if we fail to obtain further financing or start to generate sufficient cash from operations a year from now and beyond, we could default on our debts when they become due. As a result, we may face serious adverse consequences, including acceleration of debts and penalty for defaults, and eventually bankruptcy.

In addition, our debt to assets ratio is 67% as a result of carrying large debts. Our assets are highly leveraged among the comparable companies. We anticipate that it will be generally difficult for us to obtain additional loans. If we cannot alternatively secure equity financing at acceptable terms, as previously discussed we will have to scale down or even cease our operations.

Half of our cash reserves are held in personal bank accounts in the name of our cashiers, accountants and Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and principal shareholder.

At December 31, 2015, we had approximately cash reserve of $1.7 million, among which approximately $1 million cash was held by our cashiers, accountants and Mr. Wenping Luo, our President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman on behalf of us which was presented as other current assets in our financial statements. If our cashiers or accountants act against the Company’s instructions with respect to the Company’s cash held in their personal accounts, or if Mr. Wenping Luo utilizes the Company’s fund in this personal accounts for any other purpose but the in the Company’s interest, we will not able to resort to any legal remedies. In either of the forgoing cases, we will face a significant and direct economic loss and further stressed cash flow and even sever interruption to the daily operation as a result a lack of capital. However, before the end of April 2016, we had stopped using individual bank accounts to maintain our cash. The cash held by our cashiers, accountants and Mr. Wenping Luo, our President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman on behalf of us was wholly returned to our corporate bank accounts before the end of April 2016.

Risks Relating To Our Business

If the chilled and frozen pork market in China does not grow as we expect, our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

We believe chilled and frozen pork products have strong growth potential in China and, accordingly, we have continuously increased our sales of chilled and frozen pork. If the chilled and frozen pork market in China does not grow as we expect, our business may be harmed, we may need to adjust our growth strategy and our results of operations may be adversely affected.

We may be unable to anticipate changes in consumer preferences for processed meat products, which may result in decreased demand for our products.

Our continued success in the processed meat products market is in large part dependent on our ability to anticipate and develop products that appeal to the changing tastes, dietary habits and preferences of our customers. If we are not able to anticipate and identify new consumer trends and develop new products accordingly, demand for our products may decline and our operating results may be adversely affected. In addition, we may incur significant costs relating to developing and marketing new products or expanding our existing product lines in reaction to what we perceive to be a consumer preference or demand. Such development or marketing may not result in the level of market acceptance, volume of sales or profitability anticipated.

We utilize our exclusive network of independently operated specialty retail stores and supermarket brand counters to sell a significant portion of our products and maintain our brand image, and should they perform poorly, our revenues and brand image could be materially and adversely affected.

In addition to our sales to wholesale customers, we sell our products through specialty retail stores owned and operated by resellers of our products with whom we have arrangements to sell our product under the Anpulo brand name, and supermarket counters where we hire our own employees to operate and manage them. All of these retail outlets exclusively sell our pork products and display the “Anpulo” logo on the outside of the stores. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, these retail outlets accounted for approximately 63% and 69%, respectively, of our total revenue. Any significant deterioration in the sales performance of our retail outlets could adversely affect our financial results. In addition, any sanitation, hygiene or food quality problems that might arise from the retail outlets could adversely affect our brand image and lead to a loss of sales.

Our retails rely on the performance of independently owned and operated stores and supermarkets for the success of our sales, and should they perform poorly or give priority to our competitors’ products, our sales performance and branding image could be materially and adversely affected.

We retail our products through independently owned and operated stores and counters at supermarkets, which in turn sell the products to end consumers. Any significant deterioration in the sales performance of the independent stores or overall popularity of the supermarkets, could adversely affect the performance of our products. Furthermore, the supermarkets at which our counters situate could carry products that directly compete with our products for retail space and consumer purchases. There is a risk that these supermarkets may give higher priority to products of, or form alliances with, our competitors. If the supermarkets do not provide our products with similar levels of promotional support, our sales performance and brand imaging could be adversely affected.

The loss of any of our significant customers could reduce our revenues and our profitability.

Our key customers are principally wholesalers and distributors, supermarkets and large retailers in China. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, Wuhan Zhongbai Chain Warehouse Supermarket Co., Ltd. accounted for 19% and 26% of our sales, respectively. If we lose Wuhan Zhongbai Chain Warehouse Supermarket Co., Ltd. as a customer or any customer who becomes to account for a major portion of our sales, the loss of a significant portion of our sales to them could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any extended discontinuance of sales to this customer could, if not replaced, have a material impact on our operations.

We may experience difficulties in maintaining long-term relationships with customers who do not currently have a contract with us, which will harm our ability to maintain a steady sales level.

Some of our customers including our current largest customer Wuhan Zhongbai Chain Warehouse Supermarket Co., Ltd. (“Wuhan Zhongbai”) purchase our products through spot orders without contracts. These customers would incur almost no immediate economic cost if they abandon their business relationship with our Company and place orders with other meat product suppliers. Therefore, there can be no assurance that we will maintain or improve the relationships with these customers, or that we will be able to continue to supply these customers at current levels or at all. If we cannot maintain long-term relationships with these customers, a loss of order volumes from them, or a significant reduction in their purchase orders could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In particular, if we lose part or all of the orders from Wuhan Zhongbai, we will experience immediate and considerable decrease in our revenue and profit, and face a further stressed cash flow, without remedies that would have been available to us if we had a contract.

If there are any interruptions to or a decline in the amount or quality of hog supply, our production or sales could be materially and adversely affected.

Live native hogs and raw pork are the principal raw materials used in our production. We do not rear hogs, but instead purchase them from suppliers who aggregate supply from local pig farms and individual farmers who only raise one or two pigs in their backyards. Suppliers may not be able to provide live hogs of desired quantity or quality to meet our requirements. Though we are currently not dependent on any one particular supplier for a 10% or more portion of live native hogs, any interruptions to or decline in the amount or quality of live hogs could materially disrupt our production and adversely affect our business. We are vulnerable to increases in the price of live hogs and other operating costs, and we may not be able to entirely offset increasing costs by increasing prices. If we are unable to entirely offset cost increases by raising prices, our profit margins and financial condition could be adversely affected.

The loss of senior management or key research and development personnel or our inability to recruit additional personnel may harm our business.

We are highly dependent on our senior management to manage our business and operations and our key research and development personnel for the development of new processing technologies and food products and the enhancement of our existing products. In particular, we rely substantially on our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Wenping Luo to manage our operations. We also depend on our key research personnel for the development of new products and manufacturing methods, on our key information technology and logistics personnel for the production, storage and shipment of our products and on our key marketing and sales personnel, engineers and other personnel with technical and industry knowledge to transport, market and sell our products. We do not maintain key man life insurance on any of our senior management or key personnel. The loss of any one of them, in particular Mr. Luo, would have a material adverse effect on our business and operations. Competition for senior management and our other key personnel is intense and the pool of suitable candidates is limited. We may be unable to locate a suitable replacement for any senior management or key personnel that we lose. In addition, if any member of our senior management or key personnel joins a competitor or forms a competing company, they may compete with us for customers, business partners and other key professionals and staff members of our company. Although each of our senior management and key personnel has signed a confidentiality and non-competition agreement in connection with his employment with us, we may not be able to successfully enforce these provisions in the event of a dispute between us and any member of our senior management or key personnel.

We compete for qualified personnel with other food processing companies, food retailers, logistics companies and research institutions. Intense competition for these personnel could cause our compensation costs to increase significantly, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Our future success and ability to grow our business will depend in part on the continued service of these individuals and our ability to identify, hire and retain additional qualified personnel. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified employees, we may be unable to meet our business and financial goals.

Any disruptions to our processing facility may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The loss of our sole hog processing facility could adversely affect our business. Any of our processing facility, equipment or installed production lines could suspend or cease operations unexpectedly due to a number of events or circumstances, including problems with our electricity or water supply, equipment failures, regulatory noncompliance, labor disruptions, fires, floods, earthquakes, acts of war or other catastrophes. While we seek to operate our facility in compliance with all applicable rules and regulations and take measures to minimize the risks of disruption at our facility, a material disruption at our processing facility could prevent us from meeting customer demand, reduce our sales and/or negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We require various licenses and permits to operate our business, and the loss of, failure to renew or failure to obtain any or all of these licenses and permits could require us to suspend some or all of our production or distribution operations.

In accordance with PRC laws and regulations, we are required to maintain various licenses and permits in order to operate our business, including, without limitation, a slaughtering permit for our chilled and frozen pork production facility, a permit for production of industrial products for our processed meat production facilities, and permits for distribution of our pork products. We are required to comply with applicable hygiene and food safety standards in relation to our production and distribution processes. Our premises and transportation vehicles are subject to regular inspections by the regulatory authorities for compliance with applicable regulations. Failure to pass these inspections, or the loss of or failure to renew our licenses and permits, could require us to temporarily or permanently suspend some or all of our production or distribution operations, which could disrupt our operations and adversely affect our revenues and profitability.

Damages not covered by our insurance might result in losses for us, which could have an adverse effect on our business.

As is typical in our business, our plants, distribution centers, and vehicles, among others, are insured. However, our insurance is limited. We do not carry director and officer insurance which could incur substantial financial burdens on us if under our memorandum and articles of association we ought to defend our directors and officers in a claim brought against or indemnify them against judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement.

In addition, certain kinds of losses cannot be insured against, and our insurance policies are subject to liability limits and exclusions. If an event that cannot be insured occurs, or the damages are higher than our policy limits, we may incur significant costs. In addition, we could be required to pay indemnification to parties affected by such an event.

Furthermore, even where we incur losses that are ultimately covered by insurance, we may incur additional expenses to mitigate the loss, such as shifting production to another facility. These costs may not be fully covered by our insurance.

If our pork products become contaminated, we may be subject to product liability claims and product recalls.

Pork products may be subject to contamination by disease producing organisms. These organisms are generally found in the environment and as a result, regardless of the manufacturing practices employed, there is a risk that they could be present in our processed pork products as a result of food processing. Once contaminated products have been shipped for distribution, illness and death may result if the organisms are not eliminated at the further processing, foodservice or consumer level. Even an inadvertent shipment of contaminated products is a violation of law and may lead to increased risk of exposure to product liability claims, product recalls and increased scrutiny by regulatory agencies and may have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.

Regulatory enforcement crackdowns on food processing companies in China could increase our compliance costs and reduce our profitability.

We believe we are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable regulatory requirements of China and all local jurisdictions in which we operate. However, the PRC government authorities have taken certain measures to maintain China's food market in good order and to improve the integrity of China's food industry, such as enforcing full compliance with industry standards and closing certain food processing companies in China that did not meet regulatory standards. While the closing of competing meat processing plants that do not meet regulatory standards could increase our revenues in the long term, we may also experience increased regulatory compliance costs that could reduce our profitability.

Our failure to comply with increasingly stringent environmental regulations and related litigation could result in significant penalties, damages and adverse publicity for our business.

Our operations and properties are subject to extensive and increasingly stringent laws and regulations pertaining to, among other things, the discharge of materials into the environment and the handling and disposition of wastes (including solid and hazardous wastes) or otherwise relating to protection of the environment. In addition, under PRC environmental regulations, we are required to obtain an approval on environmental impact assessment before the construction of our production facilities, and we are further required to undergo environmental protection examinations and obtain acceptance approval from the relevant governmental authorities after we complete the installation of our manufacturing equipment and before we commence commercial production. Failure to comply with any laws and regulations and future changes to them may result in significant consequences to us, including civil and criminal penalties, liability for damages and negative publicity.

We have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant capital and operating expenditures to comply with these laws and regulations. We cannot assure you that additional environmental issues will not require currently unanticipated investigations, assessments or expenditures, or that requirements applicable to us will not be altered in ways that will require us to incur significant additional costs.

If the global economy experiences another downturn or crisis, potential disruptions in the capital and credit markets may adversely affect our business, including the availability and cost of short-term funds for liquidity requirements, our ability to meet short-term and long-term commitments and our ability to grow our business; each could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

The global economy has recently experienced a significant contraction, with an almost unprecedented lack of availability of business and consumer credit. We rely on the credit markets, particularly for short-term borrowings from banks in China, as well as the capital markets, to meet our financial commitments and short-term liquidity needs if internal funds are not available from our operations. Disruptions in the credit and capital markets, as have been experienced since mid-2008, could adversely affect our ability to draw on our short-term bank facilities. Our access to funds under these credit facilities is dependent on the ability of the banks that are parties to those facilities to meet their funding commitments, which may be dependent on governmental economic policies in China. Those banks may not be able to meet their funding commitments to us if they experience shortages of capital and liquidity or if they experience excessive volumes of borrowing requests from us and other borrowers within a short period of time.

Long-term disruptions in the credit and capital markets, similar to those that have been experienced since mid-2008, could result from uncertainty, changing or increased regulation, reduced alternatives or failures of significant financial institutions and could adversely affect our access to liquidity needed for our business. Any disruption could require us to take measures to conserve cash until the markets stabilize or until alternative credit arrangements or other funding for our business needs can be arranged. Such measures could include deferring capital expenditures, and reducing or eliminating discretionary uses of cash.

Continued market disruptions could cause broader economic downturns, which may lead to lower demand for our products and increased incidence of customers' inability to pay their accounts. Further, bankruptcies or similar events by customers may cause us to incur bad debt expense at levels higher than historically experienced. These events would adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

Our growth strategy may prove to be disruptive and divert management resources, which could adversely affect our existing businesses.

Over the last three years, we increased our retail locations from 68 to 107, including specialty retail stores and “Anpulo” supermarket counter locations. Our growth strategy includes the continued expansion of our retail locations. In addition, when our financial position permits, we intend to expand our network of sales offices and warehouses to additional cities in China. The implementation of such strategy involves present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including diversion of management attention from existing businesses, difficulty with integrating personnel and financial and other systems, increased expenses, including compensation expenses resulting from newly hired employees, assumption of unknown liabilities and potential disputes. We also could experience financial or other setbacks if any of our growth strategies incur problems of which we are not presently aware.

We may be unable to maintain our profitability in the face of a consolidating retail environment in China.

We sell substantial amounts of our products to supermarkets and large retailers. The supermarket and food retail industry in China has been, and is expected to continue, undergoing a trend of development and consolidation. As the retail food trade continues to consolidate and our retail customers grow larger and become more sophisticated, they may demand lower pricing and increased promotional programs. Furthermore, larger customers may be better able to operate on reduced inventories and potentially develop or increase their focus on private label products. If we fail to maintain a good relationship with our large retail customers, or maintain a wide offering of quality products, or if we lower our prices or increase promotional support of our products in response to pressure from our customers and are unable to increase the volume of our products sold, our profitability could decline.

Our operating results may fluctuate from period to period and if we fail to meet market expectations for a particular period.

Our operating results have fluctuated from period to period and are likely to continue to fluctuate as a result of a wide range of factors, including seasonal variations in live hog supply and processed meat products consumption. For example, demand for our products in general is relatively high before the Chinese New Year in January or February each year and lower thereafter. Our production and sales of chilled and frozen pork are generally lower in the summer due to a lower supply of live hogs, as well as a slight drop in meat consumption during the hot summer months. Interim reports may not be indicative of our performance for the year or our future performance, and period-to-period comparisons may not be meaningful due to a number of reasons beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our operating results will meet the expectations of market analysts or our investors.

Our largest shareholder has significant influence over our management and affairs and could exercise this influence against your best interests.

As of May 5, 2016, Mr. Wenping Luo, our founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and our largest shareholder, along with his wife, beneficially owned approximately 49.9% of our outstanding common shares, and our other executive officers and directors collectively beneficially owned an additional 0.10% of our outstanding common shares. As a result, pursuant to our memorandum of association and articles of association and applicable laws and regulations, our controlling shareholder and our other executive officers and directors are able to exercise significant influence over our company, including, but not limited to, any shareholder approvals for the election of our directors and, indirectly, the selection of our senior management, the amount of dividend payments, if any, our annual budget, increases or decreases in our share capital, new securities issuance, mergers and acquisitions and any amendments to our memorandum of association and articles of association. Furthermore, this concentration of ownership may delay or prevent a change of control or discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, which could decrease the market price of our shares.

The lack of public company experience of our management team could adversely impact our ability to comply with the reporting requirements of U.S. securities laws.

Our management, including our President, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and our directors, has limited experience in managing a publicly traded company with active operational activities and has no trainings or experience in maintaining books and records and preparing financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our management’s lack of public company experience could impair our ability to comply with federal securities laws and make required disclosures on a timely basis including those imposed by Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Our management may not be able to implement programs and policies in an effective and timely manner that adequately respond to such increased legal, regulatory compliance and reporting requirements, including establishing and maintaining internal controls over financial reporting. Any such deficiencies, weaknesses or lack of compliance could have a materially adverse effect on our ability to comply with the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) which is necessary to maintain our public company status. If we were to fail to fulfill those obligations, our ability to continue as a U.S. public company would be in jeopardy in which event you could lose your entire investment in our company.

If we fail to develop and maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud; as a result, current and potential shareholders could lose confidence in our financial reports, which could harm our business and the trading price of our common shares.

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires us to evaluate and report on our internal controls over financial reporting and have our independent registered public accounting firm annually attest to our evaluation, as well as issue their own opinion on our internal controls over financial reporting. We cannot be certain that the measures we have undertaken to comply with Section 404 will ensure that we will maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future. Furthermore, if we are able to rapidly grow our business, the internal controls that we will need will become more complex, and significantly more resources will be required to ensure our internal controls remain effective. Failure to implement required controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. If we or our auditors discover a material weakness in our internal controls, the disclosure of that fact, even if the weakness is quickly remedied, could diminish investors' confidence in our financial statements and harm our share price. In addition, non-compliance with Section 404 could subject us to a variety of administrative sanctions, including the suspension of trading, ineligibility for listing on one of the national securities exchanges and the inability of registered broker-dealers to make a market in our common shares, which could reduce our share price.

Our classified board structure may prevent a change in our control.

Our board of directors is divided into three classes of directors. The current terms of the directors expire in 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. Directors of each class are chosen for three-year terms upon the expiration of their current terms, and each year one class of directors is elected by the shareholders. The staggered terms of our directors may reduce the possibility of a tender offer or an attempt at a change in control, even though a tender offer or change in control might be in the best interest of our shareholders. For directors whose terms were expired in 2014 and 2015, we have not held a shareholders' meeting to re-elect new directors yet.

We may not pay dividends.

We have not previously paid any cash dividends, and we do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common shares. We cannot assure you that our operations will continue to result in sufficient revenues to enable us to operate at profitable levels or to generate positive cash flows. Furthermore, there is no assurance our Board of Directors will declare dividends even if we are profitable. Dividend policy is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors. If we determine to pay dividends on any of our common shares in the future, we will be dependent, in large part, on receipt of funds from Anpulo Laifeng.

We are an “emerging growth company” under the jobs act and any decision on our part to comply with certain reduced disclosure requirements applicable to “emerging growth companies” could make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and, for as long as we continue to be an “emerging growth company,” we may choose to take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies but not to “emerging growth companies,” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We could be an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, or until the earliest of (i) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenues exceed $1 billion, (ii) the date that we become a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, or (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the preceding three year period.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. However, we have elected to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with the revised accounting standards.

Our status as an “emerging growth company” under the jobs act of 2012 may make it more difficult to raise capital as and when we need it.

Because of the exemptions from various reporting requirements provided to us as an “emerging growth company,” we may be less attractive to investors and it may be difficult for us to raise additional capital as and when we need it. Investors may be unable to compare our business with other companies in our industry if they believe that our reports are not as transparent as other companies in our industry. If we are unable to raise additional capital as and when we need it, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Risks Relating To Our Industry

An outbreak of A/ H1N1 influenza (commonly referred to as “swine flu”) or other diseases could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

A spread of A/H1N1 influenza such as that which occurred in 2009 and 2010, or any outbreak of other epidemics in China affecting animals or humans might result in material disruptions to our operations, material disruptions to the operations of our customers or suppliers, a decline in the supermarket or food retail industry or slowdown in economic growth in China and surrounding regions, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and sales revenue. Negative association of the A/H1N1 flu with hogs and pork products, since it is commonly referred to by laypersons as “swine flu”, could have a negative impact on sales of pork products. Moreover, our facilities and products may be affected by A/H1N1 flu or similar diseases in the future, or that the market for pork products in China may decline as a result of fear of such an outbreak. If either case should occur, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be adversely and materially affected.

The hog slaughtering and processed meat industries in China are subject to extensive government regulation, which is still evolving and could adversely affect our ability to sell products in China or increase our production costs.

The hog slaughtering and processed meat industries in China are heavily regulated by a number of governmental agencies, including primarily the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Health, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the State Environmental Protection Administration. These regulatory bodies have broad discretion and authority to regulate many aspects of the hog slaughtering and processed meat industries in China, including, without limitation, setting hygiene standards for production and quality standards for processed meat products. In addition, the hog slaughtering and processed meat products regulatory framework in China is still in the process of being developed. If the relevant regulatory authorities set standards with which we are unable to comply or which increase our production costs and hence our prices so as to render our products non-competitive, our ability to sell products in China may be limited.

The hog slaughtering and processed meat industries in China may face increasing competition from both domestic and foreign companies, as well as increasing industry consolidation, which may affect our market share and profit margin.

The hog slaughtering and processed meat industries in China are highly competitive. Our processed meat products are targeted at mid- to high-end consumers, a market in which we face increasing competition, from both domestic and foreign suppliers. See “Description Business-Competition”. In addition, the evolving government regulations in relation to the hog slaughtering industry has driven a trend of consolidation through the industry, with smaller operators unable to meet the increasing costs of regulatory compliance and therefore at a competitive disadvantage. We believe that our ability to maintain our market share and grow our operations within this landscape of changing and increasing competition is largely dependent upon our ability to distinguish our products and services.

Our current or potential competitors may develop products of a comparable or superior quality to ours, or adapt more quickly than we do to evolving consumer preferences or market trends. In addition, our competitors in the raw meat market may merge or form alliances to achieve a scale of operations or sales network which would make it difficult for us to compete. Increased competition may also lead to price wars, counterfeit products or negative brand advertising, all of which may adversely affect our market share and profit margin. In an effort to expand market share or enter into new markets, some of our competitors have used, and we expect they will continue to use, aggressive pricing strategies, greater incentives and subsidies for distributors, retailers and customers. If their efforts are successful, our market share and profit margin may be adversely affected. Furthermore, consolidation among industry participants in China may potentially result in stronger domestic competitors better able to compete as end-to-end suppliers as well as competitors more specialized in particular areas and geographic markets. We may not be able to compete effectively with our current or potential competitors, and our inability to compete successfully against competitors could result in lost customers, loss of market share and reduced operating margins, which would adversely impact our results of operations.

The outbreak of animal diseases or other epidemics could adversely affect our operations.

An occurrence of serious animal diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease, or any outbreak of other epidemics in China affecting animals or humans might result in material disruptions to our operations, material disruptions to the operations of our customers or suppliers, a decline in the supermarket or food retail industry or slowdown in economic growth in China and surrounding regions, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and turnover. In 2006, there was an outbreak of streptococcus suis in hogs, principally in Sichuan province, PRC, with a large number of cases of human infection following contact with diseased hogs. There also were unrelated reports of diseased hogs in Guangdong province, PRC. Our procurement and production facilities are located in Henan province, PRC and were not affected by the streptococcus suis infection. In 2010, there were reports of an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in several provinces in China, such as Guangdong, Gansu, Jiangxi, Xinjiang and Tibet, and tens of thousands of hogs were culled after such disease outbreak in 2010. In addition, in 2010 and 2011, there have been reports of outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in countries and regions near China, such as in Japan and South Korea. Such outbreaks could spread to China. There can be no assurance that our facilities or products will not be affected by an outbreak of this disease or similar ones in the future, or that the market for pork products in China will not decline as a result of fear of disease. In either case, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be adversely and materially affected.

Consumer concerns regarding the safety and quality of food products or health concerns could adversely affect sales of our products.

Our sales performance could be adversely affected if consumers lose confidence in the safety and quality of our products. Consumers in China are increasingly conscious of food safety and nutrition. Consumer concerns about, for example, the safety of pork products, or the safety of food additives used in processed meat products, could discourage them from buying certain products and cause our results of operations to suffer. Specifically in 2011, there was some negative publicity regarding the quality and safety of some of our competitors’ meat products. While we believe that we maintain an advanced system for quality assurance and control, our operations may be impacted by the deteriorating reputation of the food industry in China due to recent food safety scandals.

We may be subject to substantial liability should the consumption of any of our products cause personal injury or illness and, unlike most food processing companies in the United States, we do not maintain product liability insurance to cover our potential liabilities.

The sale of food products for human consumption involves an inherent risk of injury to consumers. Such injuries may result from tampering by unauthorized third parties or product contamination or degeneration, including the presence of foreign contaminants, chemical substances or other agents or residues during the various stages of the procurement and production process. The PRC Food Safety Law which became effective on June 1, 2009 enhances the supervision and examination of governmental authorities over food production and provides that no exemption from such inspections and examinations shall be permitted. While we are subject to governmental inspections and regulations, we cannot assure you that consumption of our products will not cause a health-related illness in the future, or that we will not be subject to claims or lawsuits relating to such matters.

Even if a product liability claim is unsuccessful or is not fully pursued, the negative publicity surrounding any assertions that our products caused personal injury or illness could adversely affect our reputation with customers and our corporate and brand image. Unlike most food processing companies in the United States, but in line with industry practice in China, we do not maintain product liability insurance. Furthermore, our products could potentially suffer from product tampering, contamination or degeneration or be mislabeled or otherwise damaged. Under certain circumstances, we may be required to recall products. Even if a situation does not necessitate a product recall, we cannot assure you that product liability claims will not be asserted against us as a result. A product liability judgment against us or a product recall could have a material adverse effect on our revenues, profitability and business reputation.

Our product and company name may be subject to counterfeiting and/or imitation, which could have an adverse effect upon our reputation and brand image, as well as lead to higher administrative costs.

We regard brand positioning as the core of our competitive strategy, and intend to position our “Anpulo” and “Linghaotuzhu” brand to create the perception and image of health, nutrition, freshness and quality in the minds of our customers. There have been frequent occurrences of counterfeiting and imitation of products in China in the past. We cannot guarantee that counterfeiting or imitation of our products will not occur in the future or that we will be able to detect it and deal with it effectively. Any occurrence of counterfeiting or imitation could negatively affect our corporate and brand image, particularly if the counterfeit or imitation products cause sickness, injury or death to consumers. In addition, counterfeit or imitation products could result in a reduction in our market share, a loss of revenues or an increase in our administrative expenses in respect of detection or prosecution.

Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property rights may undermine our competitive position, and litigation to protect our intellectual property rights may be costly.

We have registered our “Anpulo” and “Linhaotuzhu” as trademarks in China for the product categories for which they are currently used. However, there can be no assurance that additional applications, if any, we make to register such mark, or any other trade name or trademark we may seek to register, will be approved and/or that the right to the use of any such trademarks outside of their respective current areas of usage will not be claimed by others. We also own the rights to two domain names that we use in connection with the operation of our business. We believe that such trademarks and domain names provide us with the opportunity to enhance our marketing efforts for our products. Failure to protect our intellectual property rights may undermine our marketing efforts and result in harm to our reputation and the growth of our business.

PRC intellectual property-related laws and their implementation are still under development. Accordingly, intellectual property rights in China may not be as effective as in the United States or many other countries. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights and the outcome of any such litigation may not be in our favor. Given the relative unpredictability of China's legal system and potential difficulties enforcing a court judgment in China, there is no guarantee that we would be able to halt the unauthorized use of our intellectual property through litigation in a timely manner or at all. Furthermore, any such litigation may be costly and may divert management attention away from our business and cause us to expend significant resources. An adverse determination in any such litigation will impair our intellectual property rights and may harm our business, prospects and reputation. We have no insurance coverage against litigation costs so we would be forced to bear all litigation costs if we cannot recover them from other parties. All of the foregoing factors could harm our business and financial condition.

Risks Relating To Conducting Business in China

Substantially all of our assets and operations are located in China, and substantially all of our revenue is sourced from China. Accordingly, our results of operations and financial position are subject to a significant degree to economic, political and legal developments in China, including the following risks:

We derive virtually all of our revenues from sales in China and a general economic downturn, a recession or a sudden disruption in business conditions in China could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Consumer spending is generally affected by a number of factors, including general economic conditions, the level of unemployment, inflation, interest rates, energy costs, gasoline prices and consumer confidence generally, all of which are beyond our control. Consumer purchases of discretionary items tend to decline during recessionary periods, when disposable income is lower, and may impact sales of our products. In addition, sudden disruption in business conditions as a result of a terrorist attack, retaliation and the threat of further attacks or retaliation, war, adverse weather conditions and climate changes or other natural disasters, pandemic situations or large scale power outages can have a short or, sometimes, long-term impact on consumer spending.

All of our revenues are generated from sales in China. We anticipate that revenues from sales of our products in China will continue to represent a substantial proportion of our total revenues in the near future. A downturn in the economy in China, any recession or a sudden disruption of business conditions in China's economy could, among other things, adversely affect consumer buying power and discourage consumption of our products, which in turn would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in the political and economic policies of the PRC government, including those that are intended to address the rising inflation rates in China, could have a material adverse effect on our operations.

Our business operations may be adversely affected by the political and economic environment in China. China has operated as a socialist state since 1949 and is controlled by the Communist Party of China. As such, the economy of China differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including, but not limited to:

In recent years, however, the government has introduced measures aimed at creating a "socialist market economy" and policies have been implemented to allow business enterprises greater autonomy in their operations. Nonetheless, a substantial portion of productive assets in China is still owned by the PRC government. Changes in the political leadership of China may have a significant effect on laws and policies related to the current economic reforms program, other policies affecting business and the general political, economic and social environment in China, including the introduction of measures to control inflation, changes in the rate or method of taxation, the imposition of additional restrictions on currency conversion and remittances abroad, and foreign investment. Moreover, economic reforms and growth in China have been more successful in certain provinces in China than in others, and the continuation or increases of such disparities could affect the political or social stability in China.

Although we believe the economic reform and the macroeconomic measures adopted by the Chinese government have had a positive effect on the economic development in China, the future direction of these economic reforms is uncertain and the uncertainty may decrease the attractiveness of our company as an investment, which may in turn materially adversely affect the price at which our shares trade.

Furthermore, in recent years the Chinese economy has experienced periods of rapid expansion and highly fluctuating rates of inflation. These factors have led to the adoption by the PRC government, from time to time, of various measures designed to restrict the availability of credit or regulate growth and contain inflation. High inflation may cause the PRC government to impose controls on credit and/or prices, or to take other actions, which could result in a slowdown in economic activity in China, adversely affect the market demand for our products or increase the financing costs of our Company. In addition, if prices for our products increase at a rate that is insufficient to compensate for the rise in the cost of hogs and other supplies due to inflation, and we are unable to mitigate these inflation increases through customer pricing, our profitability may be reduced and our growth prospects may be negatively impacted.

Social conditions in China could have a material adverse effect on our operations as the PRC government continues to exert substantial influence over the manner in which we must conduct our business activities.

The government of China has exercised and continues to exercise substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through regulation and state ownership. Our ability to operate in China may be adversely affected by changes in Chinese laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, import and export tariffs, environmental regulations, land use rights, property and other matters. We believe our operations in China are in compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements. However, the central or local governments may impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that would require additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations or interpretations. Were the PRC government, or local municipalities, to limit our ability to develop, produce, import or sell our products in China, or to finance and operate our business in China, our business could be adversely affected.

We rely on contractual arrangement with Anpulo Laifeng and its shareholders for the operation of our domestic business in China, which may not be as effective as direct ownership. If Anpulo Laifeng and its shareholders fail to perform their obligations under these contractual arrangements, we may have to resort to litigation or arbitration to enforce our right, which may be time-consuming, unpredictable, expensive and damaging to our operations and reputation.

We have relied and expect to continue to rely on contractual arrangements with Anpulo Laifeng to operate our domestic business. For a description of these contractual arrangements, see “Description of Business- Our Corporate Structure- Control Agreements”. These contractual arrangements provide us with effective control over domestic entity and allow us to obtain economic benefit from it. Although we have been advised by our PRC counsel, Kai Tong Law firm, that these contractual arrangements are in compliance with current PRC laws, these contractual arrangements may not be effective in providing control as direct ownership. For example, Anpulo Laifeng and its shareholders could breach their contractual arrangements with us by failing to operate our domestic business in an acceptable manner or taking other actions that are detrimental to our interests. In addition, if the shareholders of Anpulo Laifeng refuse to transfer their equity interests in Anpulo Laifeng to us or our designee when we exercise our call option pursuant to these contractual arrangements, we may have to take legal actions to compel them to perform their contractual obligations.

If we were the controlling shareholder of Anpulo Laifeng with direct ownership, we would be able to exercise our rights as shareholders, rather than our rights under the powers of attorney, to effect changes to their boards of directors, which in turn could implement changes at the management and operational level. However, under the current contractual arrangements, as a legal matter, if Anpulo Laifeng or their respective shareholders fail to perform their obligations under these contractual arrangements, we may incur substantial costs to enforce such arrangements and rely on legal remedies under PRC law, which may not be sufficient or effective.

All of these contractual arrangements are governed by PRC law and provide for the resolution of disputes through arbitration in the PRC. Accordingly, these contracts would be interpreted in accordance with PRC law and any disputes would be resolved in accordance with PRC legal procedures. The legal system in the PRC is not as developed as in other jurisdictions, such as the United States. As a result, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could limit our ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. Under PRC law, rulings by arbitrators are final, parties cannot appeal the arbitration results in court and the prevailing parties may only enforce the arbitration awards in PRC courts through arbitration award recognition proceedings, which would incur additional expenses and delay. If we are unable to enforce these contractual arrangements, we may not be able to exert effective control over Anpulo Laifeng and our ability to conduct our business may be negatively affected.

If we are unable to enforce these contractual arrangements, or if we suffer significant delay or other obstacles in the process of enforcing these contractual arrangements, our business and operations in China could be disrupted, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and damage our reputation. See "—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could adversely affect our ability to enforce our legal rights."

Recent regulatory reforms in China may limit our ability as a foreign investor to acquire additional companies or businesses in China, which could hinder our ability to expand in China and adversely affect our long-term profitability.

Our long-term business plan may include an acquisition strategy to increase the number or types of products we offer, increase our manufacturing or production capabilities, strengthen our sources of supply or broaden our geographic reach. Recent PRC regulations relating to acquisitions of PRC companies by foreign entities may limit our ability to acquire PRC companies and adversely affect the implementation of our strategy as well as our business and prospects.

On August 8, 2006, the PRC Ministry of Commerce, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission , the State Administration of Taxation, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange jointly promulgated a new rule entitled “Provisions Regarding Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors” (the “M&A Rules”), which became effective on September 8, 2006 and were amended on June 22, 2009 by the Ministry of Commerce, relating to acquisitions by foreign investors of businesses and entities in China. The M&A Rules provide the basic framework in China for the approval and registration of acquisitions of domestic enterprises in China by foreign investors.

The M&A Rules establish additional procedures and requirements that could make some acquisitions of Chinese companies by foreign investors more time-consuming and complex than in the past. After the promulgation of the M&A Rules, the PRC government can now exert more control over the acquisitions of Chinese companies, including requirements in some instances that the Ministry of Commerce be notified in advance of any change-of-control transaction in which a foreign investor takes control of a Chinese domestic enterprise.

The M&A Rules stress the necessity of protecting national economic security in China in the context of foreign acquisitions of domestic enterprises. Foreign investors must comply with comprehensive reporting requirements in connection with acquisitions of domestic companies in key industrial sectors that may affect the security of the “national economy” or in connection with acquisitions of domestic companies holding well-known trademarks or traditional brands in China. Failure to comply with such reporting requirements that cause, or may cause, significant affect on national economic security may be terminated by the relevant ministries or be subject to other measures as are deemed necessary to mitigate any adverse effect.

Our business operations or future strategy could be adversely affected by the M&A Rules. For example, if we decide to acquire a PRC company, complying with the requirements of the M&A Rules to complete such transactions could be time-consuming, and any required approval processes, including obtaining approval from the Ministry of Commerce, may delay or inhibit our ability to complete such transactions. This may restrict our ability to implement our acquisition strategy and adversely affect our business and prospects.

PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC residents may subject our PRC resident shareholders to personal liability and limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute profits to us, or otherwise materially and adversely affect us.

The PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, issued a public notice in October 2005 named Notice on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Administration for PRC Residents to Engage in Financing and Return Investments via Overseas Special Purpose Vehicles, or the Circular 75, requiring PRC residents, including both legal persons and natural persons, to register with an appropriate local SAFE branch before establishing or controlling any company outside of China, referred to as an "offshore special purpose company," for the purpose of acquiring any assets of or equity interest in PRC companies and raising fund from overseas. When a PRC resident contributes the assets or equity interests it holds in a PRC company into the offshore special purpose company, or engages in overseas financing after contributing such assets or equity interests into the offshore special purpose company, such PRC resident shall modify its SAFE registration in light of its interest in the offshore special purpose company and any change thereof. In addition, any PRC resident that is the shareholder of an offshore special purpose company is required to amend its SAFE registration with the local SAFE branch, with respect to that offshore special purpose company in connection with any increase or decrease of capital, transfer of shares, merger, division, long-term equity or debt investment or creation of any security interest over any assets located in China. PRC residents who have established or acquired direct or indirect control of offshore companies that have made onshore investments in China in the past were required to complete the registration procedures by March 31, 2006. Moreover, PRC subsidiaries of an offshore special purpose company are required to coordinate and supervise the filing in a timely manner of SAFE registrations by the offshore holding company's shareholders who are PRC residents. If these shareholders fail to comply, the PRC subsidiaries are required to report to the local SAFE authorities. If the PRC subsidiaries of the offshore parent company do not report to the local SAFE authorities, they may be prohibited from distributing their profits and proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation to their offshore parent company and the offshore parent company may be restricted in its ability to contribute additional capital into its PRC subsidiaries. Moreover, failure to comply with the above SAFE registration requirements could result in fines and other liabilities under PRC laws for evasion of foreign exchange restrictions.

Our shareholders, who are PRC citizens or residents, have not completed the necessary applications and filings as required under SAFE Circular 75 and other related rules. We have requested our shareholders, who are PRC citizens or residents to complete the required applications and filings. However, we cannot guarantee that they will complete the applications and filings or do so in a timely manner. As such, failure by any such shareholders or beneficial owners to comply with SAFE Circular 75, could subject themselves to fines or legal sanctions, restrict our overseas or cross-border investment activities, limit our ability to contribute additional capital into or provide loans to our PRC subsidiaries and limit our PRC subsidiaries' ability to make distributions or pay dividends or affect our ownership structure, which could adversely affect our business and prospects.

In addition, the PRC National Development and Reform Commission, or the NDRC, promulgated a rule in October 2004 named the Interim Measures for the Administration of Examination and Approval of Overseas Investment Projects, or the NDRC Rule, which requires NDRC approvals for overseas investment projects made by PRC entities. The NDRC Rule also provides that approval procedures for overseas investment projects of PRC individuals must be implemented with reference to this NDRC Rule. However, there exist extensive uncertainties as to interpretation of the NDRC Rule with respect to its application to a PRC individual's overseas investment and, in practice, we are not aware of any precedents that a PRC individual's overseas investment has been approved by the NDRC or challenged by the NDRC based on the absence of NDRC approval. Our current beneficial owners who are PRC individuals did not apply for NDRC approval for investment in us. We cannot predict how and to what extent this will affect our business operations or future strategy. For example, the failure of our shareholders who are PRC individuals to comply with the NDRC Rule may subject these persons or our PRC subsidiary to certain liabilities under PRC laws, which could adversely affect our business.

Fluctuations in the value of the RMB or further movements in exchange rates may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

At present, all of our sales are denominated in RMB. The value of the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions and China's foreign exchange policies. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government changed its decade-old policy of pegging the value of the RMB to the U.S. dollar. However, the People's Bank of China regularly intervenes in the foreign exchange market to limit fluctuations in RMB exchange rates and achieve policy goals. Following the removal of the U.S. dollar peg in July 2005, the RMB appreciated more than 20% against the U.S. dollar over the three years following such removal. While international reaction to the RMB revaluation has generally been positive, there remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt an even more flexible currency policy, which could result in further and more significant appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies. On June 19, 2010, the People's Bank of China announced that it will allow a more flexible exchange rate for the RMB without mentioning specific policy changes, although it ruled out any large-scale appreciation. It is difficult to predict how long the current situation may last and when and how the RMB exchange rates may change going forward. As we rely entirely on dividends paid to us by our PRC subsidiaries, any significant revaluation of the RMB may have a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition, and the value of any dividends payable on our shares in foreign currency terms. Furthermore, appreciation or depreciation in the value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar would affect our financial results reported in U.S. dollar terms without giving effect to any underlying change in our business or results of operations.

As very limited types of hedging transactions are available in China to reduce our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations , we have not entered into any such hedging transactions. Accordingly, we cannot predict the impact of future exchange rate fluctuations on our results of operations and may incur net foreign exchange losses in the future.

Governmental control of currency conversion may affect the ability of our company to obtain working capital from our subsidiaries located in China and the value of your investment.

The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of RMB into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. We receive substantially all of our revenues in RMB, which currently is not a freely convertible currency. Under our current structure, our income is primarily derived from the operations of Anpulo Laifeng. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may restrict the ability of Anpulo Laifeng to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or other payments to us, or otherwise satisfy its foreign currency-denominated obligations. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments relating to "current account transactions", including dividend payments, interest payments and expenditures from trade-related transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from SAFE by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, approval from SAFE or its local branch is required where RMB is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China for capital-account transactions, such as the repatriation of equity investment in the PRC and the repayment of the principal loans denominated in foreign currencies. Our PRC subsidiaries are able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to us without prior approval from SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. Our PRC subsidiaries may also retain foreign currency in their respective current account bank accounts for use in payment of international current account transactions. However, we cannot assure you that the PRC government will not take measures in the future to restrict access to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If the foreign exchange control system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our shareholders.

Our PRC subsidiaries are subject to restrictions on making payments to us, which could adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to pay dividends on our common shares.

We are a holding company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands and do not have any assets or conduct any business operations other than our investment in our operating subsidiaries in China. As a result of our holding company structure, we rely entirely on contractual payments or dividends from our PRC subsidiaries for our cash needs, including the funds necessary to pay any dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders, to service any debt we may incur and to pay our operating expenses. The payment of dividends by entities established in China is subject to limitations. Regulations in China currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. Each of our PRC subsidiaries, including Anpulo Laifeng, is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to its general reserves or statutory capital reserve fund until the aggregate amount of such reserves reaches 50% of its respective registered capital. As a result, our PRC subsidiaries are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to us in the form of dividends, loans or advances. We anticipate that in the foreseeable future our PRC subsidiaries will need to continue to set aside 10% of their respective after-tax profits to their statutory reserves. Further, as Anpulo Laifeng in China have in the past, and may in the future, incur debt on their own, the instruments governing such debt may restrict such subsidiary's ability to make contractual or dividend payments to any parent corporation or other affiliated entity. If we are unable to receive all of the funds we require for our operations through contractual or dividend arrangements with our PRC subsidiaries, we may not have sufficient cash flow to fund our corporate overhead and regulatory obligations in the United States and may be unable to pay dividends on our shares.

Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could adversely affect our ability to enforce our legal rights.

We conduct our business primarily through Anpulo Laifeng, our subsidiary in China. Our operations in China are governed by PRC laws and regulations. We are generally subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investments in China and, in particular, laws applicable to wholly foreign-owned enterprises. The PRC legal system is based on written statutes. Prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.

Since 1979, PRC legislation and regulations have significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in China. However, China has not developed a fully integrated legal system and recently-enacted laws and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in China. In particular, because these laws and regulations are relatively new, and because of the limited volume of published decisions and their nonbinding nature, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws and regulations involve uncertainties. In addition, the PRC legal system is based in part on government policies and internal rules (some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all) that may have a retroactive effect. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of these policies and rules until some time after the violation. The uncertainties regarding such regulations and policies present risks that may affect our ability to achieve our business objectives. If we are unable to enforce any legal rights we may have under our contracts or otherwise, our ability to compete with other companies in our industry could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources and management attention.

It may be difficult to effect service of process upon us or our directors or senior management who live in China or to enforce any judgments obtained from non-PRC courts.

Our operations are conducted and our assets are located within China. In addition, our directors and all of our senior management personnel reside in China, where substantially all of their assets are located. You may experience difficulties in effecting service of process upon us, our directors or our senior management as it may not be possible to effect such service of process outside China. In addition, China does not have treaties with the United States and many other countries providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of court judgments. Therefore, recognition and enforcement in China of judgments of a court in the United States or certain other jurisdictions may be difficult or impossible.

Changes in China’s labor law restrict our ability to reduce our workforce in China in the event of an economic downturn and may increase our production costs.

In June 2007, the National People's Congress of China enacted new labor law legislation called the Labor Contract Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008. On September 18, 2008, the PRC State Council issued the implementing rules for the Labor Contract Law. The Labor Contract Law formalized workers' rights concerning overtime hours, pensions, layoffs, employment contracts and the role of trade unions. Considered one of the strictest labor laws in the world, among other things, the Labor Contract Law provides for specific standards and procedures for the termination of an employment contract and places the burden of proof on the employer. In addition, the law requires the payment of a statutory severance pay upon the termination of an employment contract in most cases, including the case of the expiration of a fixed-term employment contract. Further, the law requires an employer to conclude an "employment contract without a fixed-term" with any employee who either has worked for the same employer for 10 consecutive years or more or has had two consecutive fixed-term contracts with the same employer. An "employment contract without a fixed term" can no longer be terminated on the ground of the expiration of the contract, although it can still be terminated pursuant to the standards and procedures set forth under the Labor Contract Law. Finally, under the Labor Contract Law, downsizing of either more than 20 people or more than 10% of the workforce may occur only under specified circumstances, such as a restructuring undertaken pursuant to China's Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, or where a company suffers serious difficulties in production and/or business operations, or where there has been a material change in the objective economic circumstances relied upon by the parties at the time of the employment contract, thereby making the performance of such employment contract impossible. To date, there has been very little guidance as to how such circumstances for downsizing will be interpreted and enforced by the relevant PRC authorities. All of our employees working for us exclusively within China are covered by the Labor Contract Law and thus, our ability to adjust the size of our operations when necessary in periods of recession or less severe economic downturns may be curtailed as a result of this regulation. Accordingly, if we face future periods of decline in business activity generally or adverse economic periods specific to our business, we expect that the Labor Contract Law will exacerbate the adverse effects of the economic environment on our results of operations and financial condition.

PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us from using the proceeds we received from our public offerings to make loans to our PRC subsidiaries or to make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

We are an offshore holding company conducting our operations in China through our PRC subsidiaries. In utilizing the proceeds we received from any offering, we plan to make loans to our PRC subsidiaries, whether currently in existence or to be formed in the future, or make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries.

Any loans we make to our PRC subsidiaries cannot exceed statutory limits and must be registered with SAFE or its local counterparts. Under applicable PRC law, the government authorities must approve a foreign-invested enterprise's registered capital amount, which represents the total amount of capital contributions made by the shareholders that have registered with the registration authorities. In addition, the authorities must also approve the foreign-invested enterprise's total investment, which is equal to the company's registered capital plus the amount of shareholder loans it is permitted to borrow under the law. The ratio of registered capital to total investment cannot be lower than the minimum statutory requirement. If we make loans to Anpulo Laifeng, our first-tier PRC subsidiary, that do not exceed its current maximum amount of borrowings, we will have to register each loan with SAFE or its local counterpart for the issuance of a registration certificate of foreign debts. In practice, it could be time-consuming to complete such SAFE registration process. Alternatively or concurrently with the loans, we might make capital contributions to Anpulo Laifeng, and such capital contributions involve uncertainties of their own. Further, SAFE promulgated a circular (known as Circular 142) on the Relevant Operating Issues Concerning the Improvement of the Administration of Payment and Settlement of Foreign Currency Capital of Foreign-invested Enterprises in August 2008 with respect to the administration of conversion of foreign exchange capital contributions of a foreign invested enterprise. The circular clarifies that RMB converted from foreign exchange capital contributions can only be used for the activities within the approved business scope of such foreign invested enterprise and cannot be used for domestic equity investments unless otherwise permitted.

We may not be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans by us to our PRC subsidiaries or with respect to future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiaries. If we fail to complete such registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to use the proceeds we receive from public offerings and to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could adversely and materially affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

We may be subject to fines and legal sanctions by SAFE or other PRC government authorities if we or our employees who are PRC citizens fail to comply with PRC regulations relating to employee share incentive plan adopted by offshore listed companies for PRC citizens.

In February 2012, SAFE promulgated the Notice on Issues concerning the Foreign Exchange Administration for Domestic Individuals Participating in Stock Incentive Plans of Offshore Listed Companies, or the Stock Option Rule, which terminated the Operating Procedures for Foreign Exchange Administration of Domestic Individuals Participating in Employee Stock Ownership Plans and Stock Option Plans of Offshore Listed Companies issued by SAFE on March 28, 2007. Under the Stock Option Rule, PRC citizens who participate in any stock incentive plan including employee stock holding plans, share option plans or similar plans in an offshore listed company are required, through a Chinese agent which could be a PRC subsidiary of the offshore listed company, to register with the relevant local SAFE branch and complete certain other procedures. We and our Chinese employees who have participated in our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan are subject to the Stock Option Rule. Failure to comply with these regulations may subject us or our Chinese employees to fines or other legal sanctions imposed by SAFE or other PRC government authorities. In addition, the State Administration of Taxation has issued several circulars concerning employee share options. Under these circulars, our employees working in China who exercise our share options will be subject to PRC individual income tax. Our PRC subsidiaries have obligations to make filings with relevant tax authorities related to employee share options and withhold individual income taxes resulting from the exercise of their share options. If our employees fail to pay and we fail to withhold their income taxes, we may face sanctions imposed by tax authorizes or other PRC government authorities.

We may be classified as a “resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, which could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders.

The new PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the EIT Law, that became effective January 1, 2008 provides that enterprises established outside of China whose "de facto management bodies" are located in China are considered "resident enterprises" and are generally subject to the uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate on their worldwide income. A recent circular issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation regarding the standards used to classify certain Chinese-invested enterprises controlled by PRC enterprises or PRC group enterprises and established outside of China as "resident enterprises" clarified that dividends paid by such "resident enterprises" and other income paid by such "resident enterprises" will be considered to be PRC source income, subject to PRC withholding tax, currently at a rate of 10%, when received or recognized by non-PRC resident enterprise shareholders. This recent circular also subjects such "resident enterprises" to various reporting requirements with the PRC tax authorities. Under the implementation regulations to the EIT Law, a "de facto management body" is defined as a body that has material and overall management and control over the manufacturing and business operations, personnel and human resources, finances and assets of an enterprise. In addition, the recent circular mentioned above specifies that certain Chinese-invested enterprises controlled by PRC enterprises or PRC group enterprises will be classified as "resident enterprises" if the following are located or resident in China: senior management personnel and departments that are responsible for daily production, operation and management; financial and personnel decision-making bodies; key properties, accounting books, company seal, and minutes of board meetings and shareholders' meetings; and half or more of senior management or directors having voting rights. As this circular only applies to enterprises established outside of China that are controlled by PRC enterprises or groups of PRC enterprises, we do not believe that our legal entities organized outside of the PRC constitute PRC resident enterprises because our legal entities organized outside of the PRC are overseas incorporated enterprises controlled by individual PRC residents. In addition, we are not aware of any offshore holding companies with a corporate structure similar to ours that has been deemed a PRC "resident enterprise" by the PRC tax authorities.

However, as the tax residency status of an enterprise is subject to determination by the PRC tax authorities and uncertainties remain with respect to the interpretation of the term “de facto management body” as applicable to our offshore entities. If we are classified as a “resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, our Company and non-PRC resident shareholders will face unfavorable tax consequences.

If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a “resident enterprise”, a number of unfavorable PRC tax consequences could follow. First, we will be subject to income tax at the rate of 25% on our worldwide income. The impact of the imposition of such enterprise income tax will be mitigated to the extent we can obtain a foreign tax credit for such taxes against our U.S. income tax liability on such income. Second, although under the EIT Law and its implementing rules, dividends paid to us from our PRC subsidiaries would qualify as "tax-exempted income", we cannot assure you that such dividends will not be subject to a 10% withholding tax, as the PRC foreign exchange control authorities, which enforce the withholding tax, have not yet issued guidance with respect to the processing of outbound remittances to entities that are treated as resident enterprises for PRC enterprise income tax purposes. Finally, dividends payable by us to our investors and gain on the sale of our shares may become subject to PRC withholding tax. In the case of dividends paid to non-U.S. holders, any PRC withholding tax on dividends may be in addition to U.S. withholding tax that could otherwise apply. This could have the effect of increasing our effective income tax rate and could also have an adverse effect on our net income and results of operations, and may require us to withhold tax on our non-PRC shareholders.

The discontinuation of the preferential tax treatments and government subsidies available to us could decrease our net income and materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Our PRC subsidiaries are incorporated in China and are governed by PRC income tax laws and regulations. Prior to January 1, 2008, entities established in China were generally subject to a 30% national and 3% local enterprise income tax rate. Various preferential tax treatments promulgated by national tax authorities were available to foreign-invested enterprises. Under the new PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, or the EIT Law, China has adopted a uniform enterprise income tax rate of 25% for all PRC enterprises (including foreign-invested enterprises). Under the EIT Law and its implementation regulations, income derived by an enterprise from the primary processing of agricultural products (including slaughtering live hogs) could be exempt from enterprise income tax. Consequently, a majority of our subsidiaries in China that slaughter live hogs are exempted from enterprise income tax. For non-primary processing of agricultural products, we’re subject to the uniform 25% tax rate. We cannot assure you that the tax authorities will not change their position. We cannot assure you that our PRC subsidiaries will continue to qualify for benefits under the EIT Law, or that the local tax authorities will not, in the future, change their position and revoke any of our past preferential tax treatments, any of which could cause our effective tax rate to increase, cause our net income to decrease, and materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, the central and local PRC government has provided us with various subsidies to encourage our research and development activities, building new facilities using information technology, building cold chain logistic and distribution networks, and for other contributions to the local community, such as increasing employment opportunities. Subsidies granted to us by PRC governmental authorities are subject to review and may be adjusted or revoked at any time in the future. The discontinuation or reduction of subsidies currently available to us may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Our non- compliance with certain social insurance contribution laws and regulations in the PRC may lead to the imposition of fines and penalties on us.

In accordance with the relevant PRC national labor laws and regulations, we are required to contribute to a number of employee social welfare schemes for the benefit of our employees. Such schemes include social insurance (including the basic pension insurance, the basic medical insurance for urban workers, the work-related injury insurance, the unemployment insurance and the maternity insurance) and housing provident fund contributions. We have not fully complied with the social insurance and housing fund contribution requirements for our employees.

According to the confirmation letter issued to us by Laifeng County Office of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Housing Provident Fund Management Center, it confirmed that it would not impose any financial penalties or other forms of administrative penalties on Anpulo Laifeng, nor would it require us to make good any overdue contributions in relation to housing provident fund.

In respect of social insurance contributions, as a majority of our employees are rural migrant workers or rural residents, they have participated in the rural cooperation medical insurance or the basic medical insurance for urban residents, according to the confirmation letter issued to us by Laifeng County Social Insurance Bureau, they are permitted not to participate in the basic medical insurance for urban workers. Under Social Insurance Law of the PRC and other relevant PRC Laws, the local social insurance authority is entitled to require us to pay the outstanding social insurance within a prescribed time limit and impose a late charge of 0.05% per day from the day when contribution becomes overdue. If we fail to do so within such prescribed time limit, a fine ranging from one to three times of the outstanding social insurance may be imposed on us.