Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section
12(b) of the Act.
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section
12(g) of the Act: NONE
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant
to Section 15(d) of the Act: NONE
As of March 31, 2018, there were 15,885,239 common shares of
the registrant outstanding.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
o
Yes
þ
No
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
o
Yes
þ
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated
filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer”
in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements
in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
o
†The term “new or revised financial accounting
standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification
after April 5, 2012.
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant
has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP
þ
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board
o
Other
o
If “Other” has been checked, indicate by check mark
which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow: Item 17
o
Item 18
o
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether
the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
o
Yes
þ
No
This Annual Report on Form 20-F contains
forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to
differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include,
but are not limited to those discussed in the section entitled Risk Factors under
Item
3 “Key Information.”
Readers should not place undue reliance on
forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s view only as of the date of this Annual Report. The Company undertakes
no obligation to revise these forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances. Readers should also carefully
review the risk factors described in other documents the Company files from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Except where the context otherwise requires
and for purposes of this Report only:
The Company prepares its consolidated financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America and publishes such statements
in United States dollars. See “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” included elsewhere herein.
The Company publishes its financial statements in United States dollars. The functional currency of the Company and its subsidiaries
is the U.S. dollar.
PART
I
Item
1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
Item 2
.
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
Item 3.
KEY INFORMATION
The selected financial data set forth below
should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included at page F-1 of this Annual
Report. The selected Operations Data for each
of the three fiscal years in the period ended
March 31, 2018, and the Balance Sheet data as of March 31, 2017 and 2018 are derived from our audited Consolidated Financial Statements
included in this Annual Report. The selected Operations Data for the years ended March 31, 2014 and 2015, and the Balance Sheet
data as of March 31, 2014, 2015, and 2016 are derived from our audited Consolidated Financial Statements, which are not included
in this Annual Report.
Selected Financial Data
(1)
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
|
|
(in thousands except per share and statistical data)
Year ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2014
|
|
2015
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Net sales
|
|
$
|
40,932
|
|
|
$
|
38,076
|
|
|
$
|
44,568
|
|
|
$
|
44,522
|
|
|
$
|
60,667
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
37,295
|
|
|
|
33,852
|
|
|
|
39,775
|
|
|
|
37,073
|
|
|
|
50,953
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
3,637
|
|
|
|
4,224
|
|
|
|
4,793
|
|
|
|
7,449
|
|
|
|
9,714
|
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
10,257
|
|
|
|
9,123
|
|
|
|
9,119
|
|
|
|
8,856
|
|
|
|
8,806
|
|
Other income (expenses), net
|
|
|
(214
|
)
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
|
(1,021
|
)
|
|
|
(696
|
)
|
|
|
894
|
|
Operating (loss) income
|
|
|
(6,834
|
)
|
|
|
(4,806
|
)
|
|
|
(5,347
|
)
|
|
|
(2,103
|
)
|
|
|
1,802
|
|
Non-operating income, net
|
|
|
379
|
|
|
|
2,553
|
|
|
|
571
|
|
|
|
3,688
|
|
|
|
4,395
|
|
(Loss) income before income taxes
|
|
|
(6,455
|
)
|
|
|
(2,253
|
)
|
|
|
(4,776
|
)
|
|
|
1,585
|
|
|
|
6,197
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
624
|
|
|
|
207
|
|
|
|
158
|
|
|
|
209
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
(Loss) income from continuing operations, after income taxes
|
|
|
(7,079
|
)
|
|
|
(2,460
|
)
|
|
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
|
1,376
|
|
|
|
6,190
|
|
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
|
|
|
(411
|
)
|
|
|
(348
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net (loss) income attributable to Deswell Industries, Inc.
|
|
|
(7,490
|
)
|
|
|
(2,808
|
)
|
|
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
|
1,376
|
|
|
|
6,190
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities
(2)
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
(73
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Reclassification adjustment in connection with loss on disposal of available-for-sale securities transferred to profit or loss
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total comprehensive (loss) income attributable
|
|
$
|
(7,433
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,775
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,007
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,387
|
|
|
$
|
6,190
|
|
Net (loss) income per share attributable to Deswell Industries,
Inc.:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and Diluted:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income from continuing operations per share
(3)
|
|
$
|
(0.43
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.15
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
Loss from discontinued operations per share
(3)
|
|
$
|
(0.03
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.02
|
)
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
$
|
(0.46
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.17
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding (shares in thousands)
|
|
|
16,186
|
|
|
|
16,056
|
|
|
|
16,056
|
|
|
|
16,035
|
|
|
|
15,885
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statistical Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin from continuing operations
|
|
|
8.9
|
%
|
|
|
11.1
|
%
|
|
|
10.8
|
%
|
|
|
16.7
|
%
|
|
|
16.0
|
%
|
Operating margin from continuing operations
|
|
|
(16.7
|
%)
|
|
|
(12.6
|
%)
|
|
|
(12.0
|
%)
|
|
|
(4.7
|
%)
|
|
|
3.0
|
%
|
Dividends per share
|
|
$
|
0.22
|
|
|
$
|
0.19
|
|
|
$
|
0.14
|
|
|
$
|
0.105
|
|
|
$
|
0.07
|
|
Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2014
|
|
2015
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Working capital
(4)
|
|
$
|
51,559
|
|
|
$
|
46,668
|
|
|
$
|
40,715
|
|
|
$
|
42,196
|
|
|
$
|
50,560
|
|
Total assets
|
|
|
100,636
|
|
|
|
96,439
|
|
|
|
87,571
|
|
|
|
90,987
|
|
|
|
100,399
|
|
Long-term debt, less current portion
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total debt
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Shareholders’ equity
|
|
|
89,610
|
|
|
|
84,063
|
|
|
|
76,808
|
|
|
|
76,201
|
|
|
|
81,279
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United
States of America and are stated in U.S. dollars. See “Financial Statements and Currency Presentation.”
|
(2)
|
See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included later in this Report regarding unrealized gain (loss) on
available-for-sale securities during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2017.
|
(3)
|
Basic loss per share excludes dilution from potential common shares and is computed by dividing loss attributable to Deswell
shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential
dilution from potential common shares.
|
(4)
|
Deferred tax liabilities of $691, $804, $825 and $889 as of March 31, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 have been retrospectively classified
from current liabilities to long-term liabilities. The working capital of the previous four years are adjusted accordingly.
|
Risk Factors
We may from time to time make written or
oral forward-looking statements. Written forward-looking statements may appear in this document and other documents filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, in press releases, in reports to shareholders, on our website, and other documents. The
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 contains a safe harbor for forward-looking statements on which we rely in making
such disclosures. In connection with this “safe harbor,” we are hereby identifying important factors that could cause
actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Any such
statement is qualified by reference to the following cautionary statements:
We are, and have been, dependent on a few major customers,
the loss of, or substantial reduction in orders from, which would substantially harm our business and operating results.
Historically, we have depended, currently
depend, and expect to continue to depend, on a small number of customers for a significant percentage of our net sales. During
the year ended March 31, 2018, we had four major customers, each accounting for more than 10% of our net sales and together for
46.3% of our net sales. If our major customers experience a decline in the demand for their products as a result of the prevailing
economic environment or other factors, the products or services that we provide to them could be reduced or even terminated. The
loss of any of our major customers or a substantial reduction in orders from any of them would adversely impact our sales and operating
results unless and until we were able to increase sales from other existing customers or add sales from new customers.
Our sales are based on purchase orders and
we have no long-term contracts with any of our customers and the percentage of sales to any of our customers has fluctuated in
the past and may fluctuate in future. We cannot assure you that present or future customers will not cease using us as the source
of the injection-molded plastic parts and components we manufacture, for electronic manufacturing services of electrical products
and subassemblies or significantly change, reduce or delay the amount of products and services ordered from us.
Uncertainty and adverse changes in the economy and financial
markets have had, and could continue to have, an adverse impact on our business and operating results.
The world economy has strengthened as lingering
fragilities related to the global financial crisis subside. In 2017, global economic growth reached 3 percent—the highest
growth rate since 2011—and growth is expected to remain steady for the coming year. However, the recent improvements in growth
remain unevenly distributed across countries and regions. Economic prospects for many commodity exports remain particularly challenging.
Our customers so affected, in turn, were more conservative in ordering our products and services. There are continuing concerns
over price instability, geopolitical issues, availability and cost of credit, stability of financial markets and sovereign nations.
Uncertainty or adverse changes in the economy could negatively impact:
|
·
|
the demand for our customers products,
|
|
·
|
the amount, timing and stability of their orders to us,
|
|
·
|
the financial strength of our customers and suppliers,
|
|
·
|
our customers and suppliers ability or willingness to do business
with us,
|
|
·
|
our suppliers and customers ability to fulfill their obligations
to us,
|
|
·
|
the ability of our customers, our suppliers or us to obtain credit, secure
funds or raise capital, or
|
|
·
|
the prices at which we can sell our products and services,
|
which, in turn, could adversely affect
|
·
|
our ability to manage inventory levels effectively or collect receivables,
|
|
·
|
our cash flow position,
|
|
·
|
our net sales, gross margins and operating results; or
|
|
·
|
otherwise adversely impact our results of operations, financial condition
and liquidity.
|
Our gross margins fluctuate from year to year and may be
adversely affected by a number of factors.
The following chart shows, for the years
indicated, our gross margins from our two principal operating segments and for our company as a whole:
Gross Margins Percentage
We expect gross margins generally and for
specific products to continue to fluctuate from year to year. Fluctuations in our margins have been affected, often adversely,
and may continue to be affected, by numerous factors, including:
|
·
|
our cost of raw materials, especially our cost of electronic components
due to changes in the
|
|
|
prices, availability and long lead time of components and parts needed for the manufacturing of electronic products;
|
|
·
|
costs of labor, particularly in recent years, when such costs have increased
substantially as a consequence of increasing governmental regulation directed at labor practices and policies;
|
|
·
|
the appreciation of the exchange rate of the RMB, in which we pay our labor
and manufacturing costs, against the U.S. dollar, in which we present our financial statements;
|
|
·
|
changes in our customer mix or the mix of higher and lower margin products,
or a combination of both in any year;
|
|
·
|
price increases for products which, for competitive reasons, we choose to
allow as concessions in an effort to maintain our customer base;
|
|
·
|
increases in value-added taxes as result of changes in the value-added tax
policy of the Chinese government for various categories of export products; and
|
|
·
|
increased costs to conform our products to consumer and product safety laws
and regulations of the various countries in which our products are sold.
|
If we cannot maintain stability in our gross
margins, our operating results could suffer, dividend payments to shareholders may be decreased or eliminated, our financial position
may be harmed and our stock price may fall.
We believe we were a passive foreign investment company,
or “PFIC,” for our fiscal year ended March 31, 2018 under U.S. income tax laws and may be a PFIC for years after fiscal
2018. If we were a PFIC in fiscal 2018, or are a PFIC in later years, U.S. investors could suffer adverse U.S. federal income tax
consequences in such years.
The determination of whether we are a passive
foreign investment company, or PFIC, in any taxable year is made on an annual basis after the close of that year and depends on
the composition of our income and the nature and value of our assets, including goodwill. Specifically, we will be classified as
a PFIC if, after applying relevant look-through rules with respect to the income and assets of subsidiaries, either (i) 75% or
more of our gross income for such taxable year is passive income, or (ii) 50% or more of the value of our assets (based on an average
of the quarterly values of the assets during such year) is attributable to assets that either produce passive income or are held
for the production of passive income (the “PFIC asset test”). Cash and cash equivalents, even if they are part of the
working capital of a company, constitute “passive” assets for the purposes of the PFIC asset test.
We believe that we were a PFIC for our year
ended on March 31, 2018 and may also be a PFIC in subsequent tax years. If we are a PFIC for any year during a U.S. Holder’s
holding period of our common shares, then such U.S. Holder generally could be subject to adverse U.S. tax consequences including
the requirement to treat any “excess distribution” received on our common shares, or any gain realized upon a disposition
of such common shares, as ordinary income and to pay an interest charge on a portion of such distributions or gain.
Because of the complexity of the issues
regarding our classification as a PFIC, U.S. investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors for guidance as to our PFIC
status. For further discussion of the adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences arising from the classification as a PFIC,
please see “United States Federal Income Tax – Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC)” in ITEM 10 Additional
Information beginning on page 49 of this Report.
The economy of China has been experiencing significant
growth, leading to inflation and increased labor costs. Increases in labor costs of workers in the PRC generally, and in the Province
where our manufacturing facilities are located particularly, have had and can be expected to continue to have a material and adverse
effect on our operating results.
We generate all revenues from sales of products
that we manufacture at our facilities located in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, in the PRC. The economy in China has grown significantly
over the past 20 years, which has resulted in an increased inflation and the average cost of labor.
The inflation rate in China rose 1.8% year-on-year
in May 2018. However, the Company’s actual cost of operations has significantly exceeded the overall inflation rate in China.
The rapid growth of China’s economy in general has in the past few years increased the Company’s operating costs, including
energy prices and labor costs.
These increased costs have adversely affected
the Company’s cost of operations, caused the Company to increase its prices, and resulted in the loss of some customers.
There is no fixed minimum wage which is
applicable to all of China; local governments in China adopt different amounts based on the situation in their area.
China’s Guangdong Province, where our manufacturing facilities are located, raised minimum wages by approximately 20%
May in 2011 and another 19.1% in March 2013. Effective May 1, 2015, minimum wage levels across Guangdong Province, including
Dongguan, where our manufacturing facilities are located, were increased by an average of 15.3%. Since May 1, 2015, there
have been no adjustments made to the minimum wage in Guangdong Province.
In China, regional governments are authorized
to set their own minimum wages according to local conditions. Increases in wages also result in increases in our and other employer’s
contributions for various mandatory social welfare benefits for Chinese employees that are based on percentages of their salaries.
Continuing material increases in our cost of labor will continue to increase our operating costs and will adversely affect our
financial results unless we pass on such increases to our customers by increasing the prices of our products and services. The
effect of increases in the prices of our products and services would make our products more expensive in global markets, such as
the United States and the European Union. This could result in the loss of customers, who may seek, and be able to obtain, products
and services comparable to those we offer in lower-cost regions of the world. If we do not increase our prices to pass on the effect
of increases in our labor costs, our margins and financial results would suffer.
Because most of our labor costs are incurred
in China and therefore paid in RMB, the adverse effect on our business and financial results from increasing labor costs has historically
been exacerbated by the appreciation in the exchange rate to the U.S. dollar, as is discussed in the next risk factor.
Changes in currency exchange rates have and could continue
to influence our financial results significantly.
Our sales are mainly in United States dollars
and Hong Kong dollars and our expenses are mainly in United States dollars, Hong Kong dollars and Chinese RMB.
The Hong Kong dollar has been pegged to the
U.S. dollar at approximately 7.80 and relatively stable. The Hong Kong government may not continue to maintain the present currency
exchange mechanism, which fixes the Hong Kong dollar at approximately 7.80 to each United States dollar and has not in the past
presented a material currency exchange risk. Although announcements by Hong Kong’s central bank indicate its intention to
maintain the currency peg between the Hong Kong dollar and the U.S. dollar, if Hong Kong does change and follows China to a floating
currency system or otherwise changes the exchange rate system of Hong Kong dollars to U.S. dollars, our margins and financial results
could be adversely affected.
Between 1994 and July 2005, the market and
official RMB rates were unified and the value of the RMB was essentially pegged to the U.S. dollar and was relatively stable. On
July 21, 2005, the People’s Bank of China adjusted the exchange rate of RMB to the U.S. dollar by linking the RMB to a basket
of currencies and simultaneously setting the exchange rate of RMB to U.S. dollars, from 1:8.27, to a narrow band of around 1:8.11.
The chart below illustrates the fluctuations
since the July 31, 2005 adjustment of the RMB to the U.S. dollar by showing the exchange ratio at the end of each of Deswell’s
fiscal years from March 31, 2006 to March 31, 2018. Because most of the Company’s labor costs are incurred in China and therefore
paid in RMB, the adverse effect on Deswell’s business and financial results from increasing labor costs has in previous years
been exacerbated by the appreciation in the exchange rate to the U.S. dollar.
|
(1)
|
RMB (yuan) to U.S. dollar data presented in this chart are the midpoint rates on March 31 of the year indicated as reported
by “Historical Exchange Rates” at http://www.oanda.com/currency/historical-rates/.
|
The appreciation and depreciation in the
exchange ratio of the RMB to the U.S. dollar increases and decreases, respectively, our costs and expenses to the extent paid in
RMB. Of all of the costs and expenses for the PRC entities, which accounted for 95% of the Company total, about 47.2%, 48.9%, and
42.3% were in RMB during the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
The PRC government may adopt an even more
flexible currency policy, which, if adopted, could result in appreciation of the exchange rate of the RMB to the U.S. dollar beyond
the appreciation experienced under China’s current system.
If the RMB continues its appreciation to
the U.S. dollar under China’s currency exchange system, our operating costs will continue to increase, and if China adopts
a different or more flexible system of currency exchange resulting in greater appreciation of the RMB to the U.S. dollar, our operating
costs could increase even more. In either event, such appreciation would adversely affect our financial results in a manner similar
to the effects we have suffered, and may in the future suffer, as a consequence of our increasing labor costs.
For a discussion of the risks to our business
from increases in our costs of labor, please see the risk factor immediately above entitled “The economy of China has been
experiencing significant growth, leading to inflation and increased labor costs. Increases in labor costs of workers in the PRC
generally, and in the Province where our manufacturing facilities are located particularly, have had and can be expected to continue
to have a material and adverse effect on our operating results.”
If OEMs stop or reduce their manufacturing outsourcing,
our business could suffer.
Our revenues depend on outsourcing by OEMs
to us and to other contract manufacturers for which we manufacture end-products or parts and components. Current and prospective
customers continuously evaluate our capabilities against other providers as well as against the merits of manufacturing products
themselves. Our business would be adversely affected if OEMs decide to perform these functions internally. Similarly, we depend
on new outsourcing opportunities to militate against lost revenues arising from the decline in demand for our customers’
products as a consequence of prevailing global economic conditions, and our business would be adversely affected if we are not
successful in gaining additional business from these opportunities or if OEMs do not outsource additional manufacturing business.
We could experience credit problems with our customers,
which could adversely impact our operating results and financial condition and could adversely reduce our future revenues.
We manufacture and sell injection-molded
plastic parts and components and provide manufacturing services for electrical products and subassemblies to companies and industries
that have in the past, and may in the future, experience financial difficulty, particularly in light of recent conditions in the
credit markets and the overall worldwide economy. For information on the concentration of our credit risk, see Note 15 of Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements included later in this Report.
If our customers experience financial difficulty,
we could have problems recovering amounts owed to us from these customers, or demand for our products and services from these customers
could decline. If one or more of our customers, particularly customers to which we have extended substantial credit and which have
become material account debtors on our accounts receivables, were to become insolvent or otherwise were unable to pay for the products
or services provided by us on a timely basis, or at all, our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Such adverse effects could include one or more of the following:
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provision or increased provision for doubtful accounts,
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a charge for inventory write-offs,
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a reduction in revenue,
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increases in working capital requirements.
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Because material amounts of our funds are held in banks
where only limited protection on deposit accounts is required, the failure of any bank in which we deposit our funds could result
in a loss of those funds to the extent exceeding the amounts protected and could, depending on the amount involved, affect our
ability to continue in business.
At March 31, 2018, we had cash on hand of
$15.2 million, time deposits maturing over three months of $2.2 million and time deposits maturing over twelve months of $3.1 million,
which were invested in interest bearing investments at banks or other financial institutions. Of that amount, approximately
$3.8 million was held in banks and other financial institutions in Hong Kong, $5.3 million in Macao and $11.4 million in the PRC.
The Hong Kong government provides deposit protection up to a maximum amount of HK$500,000 (approximately U.S.$63,700 based on the
midpoint exchange rate for June 30, 2018 reported by “Historical Exchange Rates” at http:// www.oanda.com/currency/historical-rates/)
for each depositor in any individual bank in Hong Kong, and the Macao government provides deposit protection up to a maximum amount
of MOP$500,000 (approximately U.S.$61,850 based on the midpoint exchange rate for June 30, 2018 reported by “Historical Exchange
Rates” at http:// www.oanda.com/currency/historical-rates/) for each depositor with any individual bank in Macao. We understand
that in the event of a bank failure of a bank in the PRC, a PRC-government agency is to provide some, unspecified, protections
of deposit accounts to individual depositors. After three interest rate hikes in 2011, there were recommendations in early 2012
from China’s economists that a formal insurance system from China’s central bank is necessary to protect depositors’
assets. On May 1, 2015, the new “Deposit Insurance Regulations” became effective in the PRC and provide that the maximum
protection would be up to RMB500,000 (including principal and interest) per depositor per insured financial institution. Depending
upon the amounts of funds we have on deposit in a Hong Kong, Macao or PRC financial institution that fails, our inability to have
immediate access to our cash, and the lack of deposit protection in excess of applicable protection limits, could impair our operations,
and, if we are not able to access needed funds to pay our suppliers, employees and other creditors, we may be unable to continue
in business.
Our industry is extremely competitive, with aggressive
pricing dynamics, and if we are not able to continue to provide competitive products and services, we may lose business.
We compete with a number of different companies
in production of injection-molded plastic parts and components, electrical products and subassemblies and metallic molds and accessories.
For example, we compete with Asian-based manufacturers and/or suppliers of injection-molded plastic parts and components, major
global electronic manufacturing services (“EMS”) providers, other smaller EMS companies that have a regional or
product-specific focus, and original design
manufacturers with respect to some of the services that we provide. We also compete with our current and prospective customers,
who evaluate our capabilities in light of their own capabilities and cost structures. Our market segments are extremely competitive,
many of our competitors have achieved substantial market share and many have lower cost structures and greater manufacturing, financial
or other resources than we do. We face particular competition from Asian-based competitors, including Taiwanese EMS providers which
compete in our end markets. If we are unable to provide comparable manufacturing services and improved products at lower cost than
the other companies in our market, our net sales could decline.
Uncertainty and adverse changes in the economy
and financial markets may also increase the competitive environment in our market segments which could also impact our operating
results. In addition, the EMS industry is currently experiencing excess manufacturing capacity and has seen increased competition.
To stay competitive, we have had retired some old machines and reinvested in some state of the art ones in order to best achieve
high efficiency, precision and quality.
Nonetheless, the above factors have exerted
and will continue to exert additional pressures on pricing for injection-molded plastic parts and components and for our electronic
manufacturing services, thereby increasing the competitive pressures in our market segments generally. We may not be able to compete
successfully against our current and future competitors, and the competitive pressures we face may have a material adverse effect
on us.
We have no long-term contracts to obtain plastic resins
and our profit margins and operating results could suffer from an increase in resin prices.
The primary materials used by us in the manufacture
of our plastic injection molded products are various plastic resins. The following table shows our cost of plastic resins as a
percentage of our cost of plastic products sold and as a percentage of our total costs of goods sold for the years ended March
31, 2016, 2017 and 2018:
We have no long-term contracts with our resin
suppliers. Accordingly, our financial performance is dependent to a significant extent on resin markets and the ability to pass
through price increases to our customers. The capacity, supply and demand for plastic resins and the petrochemical intermediates
from which they are produced are subject to cyclical price fluctuations, including those arising from supply shortages. Consequently,
resin prices may fluctuate as a result of changes in natural gas and crude oil prices and the capacity, supply and demand for resin
and petrochemical intermediates from which they are produced. Over the past several years, oil prices have experienced significant
volatility. In addition, we have found that increases in resin prices are difficult to pass on to our customers. In the past, increases
in resin prices have increased our costs of goods sold and
adversely affected our operating margins.
A significant increase in resin prices in the future could likewise adversely affect our operating margins and results of operations.
Shortages of components and materials used in our production
of electronics products may delay or reduce our sales and increase our costs.
From time to time, we have experienced shortages
of some of the electronic components that we need and use in our electronics manufacturing market segment.
These
shortages can result from strong demand for those components or from problems experienced by suppliers. These unanticipated component
shortages could result in curtailed production or delays in production, which may prevent us from making scheduled shipments to
customers. Our inability to make scheduled shipments could cause us to experience a reduction in sales, increase in inventory levels
and costs, and could adversely affect relationships with existing and prospective customers. Component shortages may also increase
our cost of goods sold because we may be required to pay higher prices for components in short supply and redesign or reconfigure
products to accommodate substitute components. As a result, component shortages could adversely affect our operating results. Our
performance depends, in part, on our ability to incorporate changes in component costs into the selling prices for our products
.
Certain of the electronic products we manufacture,
particularly those for customers whose orders are widely spaced at irregular intervals for small lots of customized products, require
components from single-source or customer-designated suppliers. Shortages of specific components often result in the suppliers
allocating available quantities among their customers based on volume and purchasing history. Generally, we lack sufficient bargaining
power with these suppliers to assure a stable supply of needed components. Delays in our obtaining, or our inability to obtain,
these materials could slow production, delay shipments to our customers, increase our costs and hamper our operating results.
We face inventory risks of obsolescence and impairment
charges by providing turnkey manufacturing of electronic products.
We conduct most of the manufacturing of electronic
products for our customers on a “turnkey” basis, where we mainly take care of materials procurement, as well as product
design and development for customers’ selection and collaboration. Turnkey manufacturing involves greater resource investment
and inventory risk management than consignment manufacturing, where the customer provides the components and materials needed to
manufacture the products it orders. If we fail to manage our inventory effectively, we may bear the risk of fluctuations in materials
costs, scrap and excess inventory, all of which can have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of
operations. In addition, delays, cancellations or reductions of orders by our customers could result in an excess of materials.
An excess of components and materials would increase our costs of maintaining inventory and may increase the risk of inventory
obsolescence and impairment charges, which may increase our costs and decrease operating margins and otherwise harm our operating
results.
Periods in which we receive rapid increases
in orders with the lengthening of lead times by suppliers could cause a shortage of materials needed for us to fulfill orders received
from customers expecting normal or accelerated delivery. A shortage of materials could lengthen production schedules and costs
substantially, particularly for orders from our customers placed for short-term or rapid delivery and could force us to seek and
purchase needed components at premium prices, which would increase our costs of goods sold and reduce our operating margins.
The Chinese government could change its policies toward
or even nationalize private enterprise, which could result in the total loss of our investment in that country.
Our manufacturing facilities are located
in China. As a result, our operations and assets are subject to significant political, economic, legal and other uncertainties
associated with doing business in China. Over the past several years, the Chinese government has pursued economic reform policies
including the encouragement of private economic activity and greater economic decentralization. The Chinese government may not
continue to pursue these policies or may significantly alter them to our detriment from time to time without notice. Changes in
policies by the Chinese government resulting in changes in laws, regulations, or their interpretation, or the imposition of confiscatory
taxation, restrictions on currency conversion or imports and sources of supply could materially and adversely affect us. The nationalization
or other expropriation of private enterprises by the Chinese government could result in the total loss of our investment in that
country.
There may be a lack of remedies and impartiality under
the Chinese legal system that prevents us from enforcing the agreements under which we operate our factories.
We do not own the land on which our factories
in China are located. We occupy our manufacturing facilities under land use agreements or under tenancy agreements with the local
Chinese government. These agreements may be difficult to enforce in China, which could force us to accept terms that may not be
as favorable as those provided in our agreements. Unlike the U.S., China has a civil law system based on written statutes in which
judicial decisions have little precedential value. The Chinese government has enacted some laws and regulations dealing with matters
such as corporate organization and governance, foreign investment, commerce, taxation and trade. However, their experience in implementing,
interpreting and enforcing these laws and regulations is limited, and our ability to enforce commercial claims or to resolve commercial
disputes is unpredictable. These matters may be subject to the exercise of considerable discretion by agencies of the Chinese government,
and forces unrelated to the legal merits of a particular matter or dispute may influence their determination.
If our business licenses in China were not renewed, we
would be required to move our operations out of China, which would impair our financial results, competitiveness and market position
and jeopardize our ability to continue operations.
Our activities in China require business
licenses, the scope of which is limited to our present activities, and require review and approval of our activities by various
national and local agencies of Chinese government. The Chinese government may not continue to approve our activities, grant or
renew our licenses or grant or renew licenses to expand our existing activities. Our inability to obtain needed approvals or licenses
could prevent us from continuing to conduct operations in China. If for any reason we were required to move our manufacturing operations
outside of China, our financial results would be substantially impaired, our competitiveness and market position would be materially
jeopardized and we may not be able to continue operations.
Our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover losses
related to major accidents, forces of nature or product liability risks.
Risks associated with our business include
risk of damage to our stock in trade, goods and merchandise, furniture and equipment and factory buildings in China. At March 31,
2018, we maintained fire, casualty and theft insurance aggregating approximately $95.6 million covering damages to fixed and movable
assets, equipment, manufacturing facilities in China and furniture and fixtures at our facilities. The proceeds of this insurance
may not be sufficient to cover material damage to, or the loss of, any of our factories due to fire, severe weather, flood, forces
of nature, such as major earthquakes, which are common in China, or other natural disasters. We may experience difficulty or delays
in receiving compensation from the insurance companies and may not receive insurance proceeds adequate to compensate us fully for
a potential loss. Although we maintain insurance addressing damage to and destruction to our facilities and equipment, we do not
have business interruption insurance.
Despite quality assurance measures, there
remains a risk that defects may occur in our products. The occurrence of any defects in our products could give rise to liability
for damages caused by such defects. They could, moreover, impair the market’s acceptance of our products. At March 31, 2018,
we had only limited product liability insurance. Although we have not experienced any product quality claims from significant customers,
if future claims do arise, costs to defend, adverse judgments or amounts we may be forced to pay in settlement would increase our
expenses. If we incur losses which are not covered under our insurance, or the amount of compensation that we receive from the
insurer is significantly less than the actual loss, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely
affected.
Payment of dividends by our subsidiaries in the PRC to
us is subject to restrictions under PRC law. The new PRC tax law could force us to reduce the amount of dividends we have historically
paid to our shareholders or possibly eliminate them or we may decide not pay dividends in the future.
Under PRC law, dividends may be paid only
out of distributable profits. Distributable profits with respect to our subsidiaries in the PRC refers to after-tax profits as
determined in accordance with accounting principles and financial regulations applicable to PRC enterprises (“China GAAP”)
less any recovery of accumulated losses and allocations to statutory funds that it is required to make. Any distributable profits
that are not distributed in a given year are retained and available for distribution in subsequent years. The calculation of distributable
profits under China GAAP differs in many respects from the calculation under U.S. GAAP. As a result, our subsidiaries in PRC may
not be able to pay any dividend in a given year as determined under U.S. GAAP. The China tax authorities may require changes in
determining income of the Company that would limit its ability to pay dividends and make
other distributions. PRC law requires companies,
including our PRC subsidiaries, to reserve about 10% of their profits for future development and staff welfare, which amounts are
not distributable as dividends. These rules and possible changes to them could restrict our PRC subsidiaries from repatriating
funds ultimately to us and our stockholders as dividends.
Under the unified enterprise income tax law
(“EIT Law”), dividends payable to foreign investors which are derived from sources within the PRC are subject to income
tax at the rate of 10% by way of withholding unless the foreign investors are companies incorporated in countries which have a
tax treaty agreement with PRC and the rate agreed by both parties will be applied. As a result of this PRC withholding tax, amounts
available to us in earnings distributions from our PRC enterprises have been reduced. Since we derive the funds distributed to
shareholders from our subsidiaries in the PRC, the reduction in amounts available for distribution from our PRC enterprises could,
depending on the income generated by our PRC subsidiaries, force us to reduce, or possibly eliminate, the dividends we have paid
to our shareholders historically. For this reason, or other factors, we may decide not to declare dividends in the future. If we
do pay dividends, we will determine the amounts when they are declared and even if we do declare dividends in the future, we may
not continue them in any future period.
Under China’s EIT Law, we may be classified as a
“resident enterprise” for PRC tax purposes, which may subject us to PRC enterprise income tax for any dividends we
receive from our Chinese subsidiaries and to PRC income tax withholding for any dividends we pay to our non-PRC stockholders.
Under the PRC’s EIT Law, an enterprise
established outside of China whose “de facto management bodies” are located in China is considered a “resident
enterprise” and is subject to the 25% enterprise income tax rate on its worldwide income. The EIT Law and its implementing
rules were effective as of January 1, 2008 and represent a milestone in the PRC tax system.
All of our manufacturing operations
are conducted and managed in the PRC. Our corporate structure, illustrating our incorporation in BVI and our ownership of
companies inside and outside of China, is set forth on page 21 of this Report. If the PRC tax authorities determine that our
holding company structure utilizing companies outside of China is a “resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise
income tax purposes, we may be subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 25% on our worldwide taxable income. The
“resident enterprise” classification also could subject us to a 10% withholding tax on any dividends we pay to
our non-PRC stockholders if the relevant PRC authorities determine that such income is PRC-sourced income. If we are
classified as a “resident enterprise” and we incur these tax liabilities, our financial results would be
negatively impacted accordingly.
Transactions between our subsidiaries may be subject to
scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities. A finding that any of our China subsidiaries owe additional taxes, late payment interest or
other penalties could adversely affect our operating results materially.
The PRC’s EIT Law emphasizes the requirement
of an arm’s-length basis for transfer pricing transactions between related parties. It requires enterprises with transactions
between related parties, such as transactions between our subsidiaries located inside and outside of China, to prepare transfer
pricing documentation that includes the basis for determining pricing, the computation methodology and detailed explanations. We
could face material and adverse consequences if the PRC tax authorities determine that transactions between our subsidiaries do
not represent arm’s-length pricing and are thereby deemed tax avoidance, or determine that related documentation does not
meet the requirements of the EIT Law. Such determinations could result in increased tax liabilities of the affected subsidiaries
and potentially subject them to late payment interest and other penalties.
Controversies affecting China’s trade with the United
States could harm our operations or depress our stock price.
Historically, the United States has
been the major or significant geographical area of our product sales in terms of shipping destinations. The United States was
our number two market in fiscal years ended March 31, 2016, March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2018. See
Item
4
“Information on the Company – Customers and Marketing” on page 27 of this Report for information
regarding our net sales as a percentage of total sales to customers by geographic area. While China has been granted
permanent most favored nation trade status in the United States, controversies between the United States and China may arise
that threaten the status quo involving trade between the United States and China. These controversies could adversely affect
our business by, among other things, causing our products in the United States to become more expensive, which could result
in a reduction in the demand for our products by customers in the United States. Recently, political and trade friction
between the United States and China has escalated. On June 15, 2018, the Office of the United States Trade Representative
(“USTR”) issued a press release announcing the
imposition of tariffs of 25% on approximately $34 billion worth of Chinese goods, and proposed tariffs on an additional $16
billion worth of Chinese goods. China’s Ministry of Commerce (the “Ministry”) responded to the USTR’s
action on June 17, 2018 by announcing on the Ministry website that it would impose tariffs of 25% on $34 billion of United
States goods, with an additional $16 billion of proposed tariffs to follow. On June 18, 2018 the USTR issued a press release
supporting the President of the United States’ direction that the USTR identify an additional $200 billion worth of
Chinese goods for an additional tariff of 10%. On June 20, in a statement on the Ministry’s website, the
Ministry’s spokesman indicated that China would respond with comprehensive quantitative and qualitative measures if the
United States releases the additional tariff list. On July 10, 2018 the USTR issued a press release indicating that it will
begin the process of imposing tariffs of 10% on $200 billion worth of Chinese goods, and issued a request for comment on the
proposed list of goods, the proposed tariff rate, and the aggregate amount of goods to be covered by the tariffs. The controversy is still evolving as of the date of this Report and therefore we cannot assess the magnitude of the tariffs'
effect. However, if the tariffs were implemented as announced and no further actions were taken by either nation, it would
affect our operations and could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common shares.
Restrictions on the convertibility of RMB into foreign
currency may limit our ability to transfer excess funds or dividends to the Company’s subsidiaries outside China.
Our manufacturing operations are conducted
by our subsidiaries located in China and funds are frequently transferred into our subsidiaries in China. Thus, any future restrictions
on currency exchanges may limit our ability to transfer excess funds or dividends outside China. Although the PRC government introduced
regulations in 1996 to allow greater convertibility of RMB for current account transactions, significant restrictions still remain,
including primarily the restriction that foreign-invested enterprises may only buy, sell and/or remit foreign currencies at those
banks authorized to conduct foreign exchange business after providing valid commercial documents. The Chinese regulatory authorities
may impose more stringent restrictions on the convertibility of RMB, especially with respect to foreign exchange transactions.
Political and economic instability of Hong Kong and Macao
could harm our operations.
Our administration and accounting offices
are located in Macao, formerly a Portuguese Colony, and some of our customers and suppliers are located in Hong Kong, formerly
a British Crown Colony. Sovereignty over Macao and Hong Kong was transferred to China effective on December 20, 1999 and July 1,
1997, respectively. Since their transfers, Macao and Hong Kong have become Special Administrative Regions of China, enjoying a
high degree of autonomy except for foreign and defense affairs. Moreover, China’s political system and policies are not practiced
in Macao or Hong Kong. Under the principle of “one country, two systems,” Macao and Hong Kong maintain legal systems
that are different from that of China. Macao’s legal system is based on the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative
Region and, similarly, Hong Kong’s legal system is based on the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
It is generally acknowledged as an open question whether Hong Kong’s future prosperity in its role as a hub and gateway to
China after China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (introducing market liberalization in China) will be diminished.
The continued stability of political, economic or commercial conditions in Macao and Hong Kong remain uncertain, and any instability
could have an adverse impact on our business.
The PRC’s national labor law restricts our ability
to reduce our workforce if we conclude that we need to make future reductions.
In June 2007, the National People’s
Congress of the PRC enacted labor legislation, called the Labor Contract Law, and that law became effective on January 1, 2008.
The law formalized workers’ rights concerning overtime hours, pensions, layoffs, employment contracts and the role of trade
unions. Considered one of the strictest labor laws in the world, among other things, this law requires an employer to conclude
an “open-ended employment contract” with any employee who either has worked for the employer for 10 years or more or
has had two consecutive fixed-term contracts. An “open-ended employment contract” is in effect a lifetime, permanent
contract, which is terminable only in specified circumstances, such as a material breach of the employer’s rules and regulations,
or for a serious dereliction of duty. Such employment contracts with qualifying workers would not be terminable if, for example,
we determined to downsize our workforce in the event of an economic downturn. Under the 2007 law, downsizing by 20% or more may
occur only under specified circumstances, such as a restructuring undertaken pursuant to China’s Enterprise Bankruptcy Law,
or where a company suffers serious difficulties in production and/or business operations. Also, if we lay off more than 20 employees
or 10% at one time, we have to communicate with the labor union of our Company and report to the District Labor Bureau. Deswell’s
entire staff, who are employed to work exclusively within the PRC, is covered by the new law. In response to prevailing business
conditions, we decreased our workforce by 2 in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018 after increasing our workforce by 132 in the
fiscal year ended March 31, 2017. However, we may incur much higher costs under
China’s Labor Contract Law if we are
forced to downsize our workforce in the future. Accordingly, this law can be expected to exacerbate the adverse effect of unfavorable
economic conditions on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our customers are dependent on shipping companies for delivery
of our products and interruptions to shipping could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.
Generally, we sell our products F.O.B. Hong
Kong or F.O.B. China and our customers are responsible for the transportation of products from Hong Kong or China to their final
destinations. Our customers rely on a variety of carriers for product transportation through various world ports. A work stoppage,
strike or shutdown of one or more major ports or airports could result in shipping delays materially and adversely affecting our
customers, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. Similarly, an increase in
freight surcharges due to rising fuel costs or general price increases could materially and adversely affect our business and operating
results.
Protecting, seeking licenses for, or asserting claims over,
intellectual property could be costly.
We usually rely on trade secrets, industry
expertise and the sharing with us by our customers of their intellectual property. However, there can be no assurance that intellectual
property that we use in our business does not violate rights in such property belonging to others. We may be notified that we are
infringing patents, copyright or other intellectual property rights owned by other parties. In the event of an infringement claim,
we may be required to spend a significant amount of money to develop a non-infringing alternative or to obtain licenses. We may
not be successful in developing alternatives or in obtaining licenses on reasonable terms, if at all. Any litigation, even without
merit, could result in substantial costs and could adversely affect our business and operating results.
Our strategy has been to evaluate trade names
and trademarks, and to consider seeking patents, where we believe that such trade names, trademarks or patents would be available
and adequate to protect our rights to products or processes that we consider material to our business. To the extent we do seek
to obtain trade names, trademarks or patents, we may be required to institute litigation in order to enforce them or other intellectual
property rights to protect our business interests. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and could adversely affect
sales, financial results and growth.
We are dependent on customers operating in highly competitive
markets and the inability of our customers to succeed in their markets can adversely impact our business, operating results and
financial condition.
The end markets we serve can experience major
swings in demand which, in turn, can significantly impact our operations. Our financial performance depends on our customers’
ability to compete and succeed in their markets, which, apparently has been, and could continue to be, affected directly by prevailing
global economic conditions. The majority of our customers’ products are characterized by rapid changes in technologies, increased
standardization of technologies and shortening of product lifecycles. In many instances, our customers have experienced severe
revenue erosion, pricing and margin pressures, and excess inventories during recent years.
We could suffer losses from corrupt or fraudulent business
practices.
Corruption and other fraudulent
practices remain a concern in China. We could suffer losses from fraudulent practices if we are not successful
in implementing and maintaining preventative measures.
Because our operations are international, we are subject
to significant worldwide political, economic, legal and other uncertainties.
We are incorporated in the BVI and have subsidiaries
incorporated in the BVI, Macao, Hong Kong, Samoa and China. Our administrative and accounting office is located in Macao. We manufacture
all of our
products in China. As of March 31, 2018,
approximately 61.1% of the net book value of our total identifiable assets was located in China. We sell our products to customers
principally in China, the United States, Hong Kong, Europe (the United Kingdom, Norway and Holland) and Canada. Our international
operations may be subject to significant political and economic risks and legal uncertainties, including:
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changes in economic and political conditions and in governmental policies,
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changes in international and domestic customs regulations,
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wars, civil unrest, acts of terrorism and other conflicts,
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changes in tariffs, trade restrictions, trade agreements and taxation,
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difficulties in managing or overseeing foreign operations, and
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limitations on the repatriation of funds because of foreign exchange controls.
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The occurrence or consequences of any of
these factors may restrict our ability to operate in the affected region and negatively impact our operations in that region, or
as a whole.
We depend on our executive officers, senior managers and
skilled personnel.
Our success depends largely upon the continued
services of our executive officers as well as upon our ability to attract and retain qualified technical, manufacturing and marketing
personnel. Generally, our executive officers and senior managers are not bound by employment or non-competition agreements and
we cannot assure you that we will be able retain them. The loss of service of any of our officers or key management personnel could
have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. We do not have key person insurance on our executive officers.
We believe that our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled executive, technical
and management personnel and if we are not able to do so, our business and operating results could be harmed.
Compliance with current and future environmental regulations
may be costly and could impact our future operating results adversely.
The laws and regulations related to environmental
protection have been tightening in recent years, requiring production facilities that may cause pollution or produce other toxic
materials to take steps to protect the environment and establish an environmental protection and management system. When an entity
fails to adopt preventative measures or control facilities that meet the requirements of environmental protection standards, it
is subject to suspension of production or operations and for payment of fines. Compliance with relevant laws and regulations can
be costly and disrupt operations.
Our operations create some environmentally
sensitive waste that may increase in the future depending on the nature of our manufacturing operations. The general issue of the
disposal of hazardous waste has received increasing attention from Chinese national and local governments and foreign governments
and agencies and has been subject to increasing regulation. Currently, relevant Chinese environmental protection laws and regulations
impose fines on discharge of waste materials and empower certain environmental authorities to close any facility which causes serious
environmental problems. Although it has not been alleged that we have violated any current environmental regulations by China government
officials, the Chinese government could amend its current environmental protection laws and regulations. Our business and operating
results could be materially and adversely affected if we were to increase expenditures to comply with environmental regulations
affecting our operations.
In addition, we could face significant costs
and liabilities in connection with product take-back legislation, which enables customers to return a product at the end of its
useful life and charge us with financial and other responsibility for environmentally safe collection, recycling, treatment and
disposal. We also face increasing complexity in our product design and procurement operations as we adjust to new and upcoming
requirements relating to the materials composition of our electronic products, including the restrictions on lead and certain other
substances in electronics that apply to specified electronics products put on the market in the European Union as of July 1, 2006
(Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (RoHS)). The labeling provisions of similar
legislation in China went into effect on March 1, 2007. Consequently, many suppliers of products sold into the EU countries have
required their suppliers to be compliant with the new directive. Many of these customers in our electronic division have adopted
this approach and have required our full compliance.
Though we have devoted a significant amount
of resources and effort planning and executing our RoHS program, it is possible that some of our products might be incompatible
with such regulations. In such event, we could experience the loss of revenue, damages to our reputation, diversion of resources,
monetary penalties, and legal action. Other environmental regulations may require us to reengineer our products to utilize components
that are more environmentally compatible. Such reengineering and component substitution may result in additional costs to us. Although
we currently do not anticipate any material adverse effects based on the nature of our operations and the effect of such laws,
there is no assurance that such existing laws or future laws will not have a material adverse effect on us.
Power shortages in China could affect our business.
We consume substantial amounts of electricity
in our manufacturing processes at our production facilities in China. In the past, we have experienced a number of power shortages
at our production facilities in China, though we are sometimes given advance notice of such power shortages. In relation to these
power shortages we have a backup power system. However, there can be no assurance that in the future our backup power system will
be completely effective in the event of a power shortage, particularly if that power shortage is over a sustained period of time
and/or we are not given advance notice of it. Any power shortage, brownout or blackout for a significant period of time may disrupt
our manufacturing, and as a result, may have an adverse impact on our business.
In the future, we may be required to write down long-lived
assets and these impairment charges would adversely affect our future operating results.
As of March 31, 2018, our balance sheet included
approximately $31.5 million in long-lived assets. Under applicable accounting rules, we review long-lived assets, such as property,
plant, and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset
may not be recoverable. Valuation of our long-lived assets requires us to make various assumptions and these assumptions are used
to forecast future, undiscounted cash flows. Given the significant uncertainty and instability of macroeconomic conditions on our
business in recent periods, forecasting future business remains difficult and subject to modification. If actual market conditions
differ or our forecasts change, we may be required to reassess long-lived assets and could record an impairment charge. If we are required to take substantial impairment charges in future periods, our earnings would be decreased or our losses would
be increased in the period or periods in which the charges occur.
A material failure of internal control over financial reporting
could materially impact the Company’s financial results.
In designing and evaluating its internal
control over financial reporting, management recognizes that any internal control or procedure, no matter how well designed and
operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its
judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Management believes that the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting currently provides reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. However,
no system of internal controls can be designed to provide absolute assurance of effectiveness. See
Item
15 “Controls and Procedures” later in this Report. A material failure of internal control over financial reporting
could materially impact the Company’s reported financial results and the market price of its stock could significantly decline.
Additionally, adverse publicity related to a material failure of internal control over financial reporting could have a negative
effect on the Company’s reputation and business.
Our auditor, like other independent registered public accounting
firms operating in China, is not permitted to be subject to inspection by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, and as
such, investors may be deprived of the benefits of such inspection.
Our independent registered public accounting
firm that issues the audit reports included in our annual reports filed with the SEC, as an auditor of companies that are traded
publicly in the United States and a firm
registered with the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), or PCAOB, is required by the laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by PCAOB
to assess its compliance with the laws of the United States and professional standards. Because our auditor is located in China,
a jurisdiction where PCAOB is currently unable to conduct inspections without the approval of the PRC authorities, our auditor,
like other independent registered public accounting firms operating in China, is currently not inspected by PCAOB.
Inspections of other firms that PCAOB has
conducted outside of China have identified deficiencies in those firms’ audit procedures and quality control procedures,
which may be addressed as part of the inspection process to improve future audit quality.
The inability of PCAOB to conduct inspections
of independent registered public accounting firms operating in China makes it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our
auditor’s audit procedures or quality control procedures. As a result, investors may be deprived of the benefits of PCAOB
inspections.
Potential new accounting pronouncements are likely to impact
our future financial position and results of operations and in the case of FASB’s pronouncement regarding the expensing of
stock options have adversely impacted, and will in the future, adversely impact our financial results.
We prepare our financial statements in conformity
with the generally accepted accounting principles of the United States of America “U.S. GAAP.” A change in these accounting
principles and policies, especially as interpreted by the Securities and Exchange Commission and The NASDAQ Stock Market, may have
an impact on our future financial position and results of operations. Historically, regulatory changes, such as the requirement
of the Financial Accounting Standards Board to expense stock options grants, and other legislative initiatives have increased our
general and administrative costs and future changes could have a similar adverse impact on our financial results.
The concentration of share ownership in our senior management
allows them to control or substantially influence the outcome of matters requiring shareholder approval.
On June 30, 2018, members of our senior management
and Board of Directors as a group beneficially owned approximately 58.5% of our outstanding common shares. As a result, acting
together, they are able to control the outcome of all matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election of
directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This ability may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change
in control of Deswell, or causing a change in control of Deswell that may not be favored by our other shareholders. There are no
agreements, understandings, or commitments among the members of our senior management and Board of Directors to vote their shares
in any specific manner, or to vote collectively for or against any matter that may come before the shareholders.
Our board’s ability to amend our charter without
shareholder approval could have anti-takeover effects that could prevent a change in control.
As permitted by the law of the BVI, many
provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association, which are the terms used in the BVI for a corporation’s charter
and bylaws, may be amended by our board of directors without shareholder approval provided that a majority of our independent directors
do not vote against the amendment. This includes amendments to increase or reduce our authorized capital stock. Our board’s
ability to amend certain provisions of our charter documents without shareholder approval, including its ability to create and
issue further common shares, could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of Deswell, including
a tender offer to purchase our common shares at a premium over the then current market price.
Our exemptions from certain of the reporting requirements
under the Exchange Act limits the protections and information afforded to investors.
We are a foreign private issuer within the
meaning of rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). As a foreign
private issuer, we are exempt or excluded from certain provisions applicable to United States public companies including:
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the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the Commission
of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K;
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the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies,
consents or authorizations in respect to a security registered under the Exchange Act;
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the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports
of their stock ownership and trading activities and establishing insider liability for profits realized from any short-swing
trading transaction (i.e., a purchase and sale, or sale and purchase, of the issuers equity securities within less than six
months); and
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Regulation FD, the SECs rules regulating disclosure of information
by publicly traded companies and other issuers and requiring that when an issuer discloses material nonpublic information to certain
individuals or entities such as stock analysts, or holders of the issuers securities who may trade on the basis of the information,
the issuer must make public disclosure of that information.
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In addition, because we are a foreign private
issuer, certain of the corporate governance standards of The NASDAQ Stock Market that are applied to domestic companies having
securities included on The NASDAQ Stock Market are not applicable to us. For example, as a foreign private issuer organized under
the law of the BVI, we may follow our home company practice in lieu of some of the corporate governance provisions of sections
5600
et seq
. of NASDAQ’s Marketplace Rules. Accordingly, as the law of the BVI does not prohibit us from doing so
and since our practices are in compliance with our Memorandum and Articles of Association, we follow our home company practices
with respect to the following NASDAQ Market Place rules:
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Rule 5605(b)(2)
: Our independent directors do not meet in executive
session.
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Rule 5605(d)
: Our board does not have a compensation committee and
compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers is neither determined nor recommended to the board by
a majority of our independent directors. For information regarding why we do not have an independent compensation committee, see
the discussion under Other Committees; NASDAQ Compliance in
Item
6 Directors
and Senior Management of this Report.
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Rule 5605(e)
: Nominees for appointment as our directors are not selected
or recommended by either a majority of our independent directors, or a nominating committee composed solely of independent directors.
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Because of these exemptions or exclusions,
investors are not afforded the same protections or information generally available to investors in public companies organized in
the United States and having securities included on The NASDAQ Stock Market.
Item
4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
Corporate Information
Deswell Industries, Inc. was founded in 1987
in Hong Kong and moved its manufacturing operations to China in 1990 to take advantage of lower overhead cost, competitive labor
rate and tax concessions available in Shenzhen, China as compared with Hong Kong.
We were reincorporated in December 1993 as
a limited liability International Business Company under the British Virgin Islands International Business Companies Act, 1984
(“the IBCA Act”). Effective on January 1, 2007, the BVI repealed the IBCA Act, and simultaneously with such repeal,
we were automatically re-registered under the BVI’s corporate law replacing the IBCA Act, the BVI Business Companies Act,
2004.
The Company’s registered agent in the
BVI is Harneys Corporate Services Limited, P.O. Box 71, Craigmuir Chambers, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. The Company’s
principal administrative office is located in 10B Edificio Associacao Industrial De Macau, 32 Rua do Comandante Mata e Oliveira,
Macao, and its telephone number is (853) 2832-2096 and its facsimile number is (853) 2832-3265. Our principal manufacturing facilities
and operations are currently based in Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Important Events in Deswell’s Development
During the year ended March 31,
2015, the Company gradually outsourced manufacturing of the metal components used in assembly of the Company’s audio
products. As of March 31, 2015, all of the metallic components used in assembly of the Company’s audio products were
provided by third party suppliers. The operating results of the metallic parts business unit are reported as discontinued
operations for all periods presented. We have historically reported the results of the metallic parts business as a separate
segment. The continuing cash flows subsequent to the unit’s closure were not significant.
Organizational Structure
The following diagram illustrates the organizational
structure of the Company and its active subsidiaries at March 31, 2018.
Capital Expenditures
Principal capital expenditures and divestitures
made by Deswell during the three year periods ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 included the following (dollar amounts in thousands):
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Year ended March 31,
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2016
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2017
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2018
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Purchase of property, plant and equipment
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$
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591
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$
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2,152
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$
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1,707
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Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment, net of transaction costs.
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$
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1,266
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$
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993
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$
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6
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Our major capital expenditures in fiscal
2018 included:
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$815,000 for leasehold improvements;
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$666,000 for plant and machinery for plastic and electronic products;
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$144,000 for motor vehicles; and
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$82,000 for furniture, fixtures and equipment.
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Our major capital expenditures in fiscal
2017 included:
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$1,309,000 for plant and machinery for plastic and electronic products;
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$718,000 for leasehold improvements;
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$45,000 for motor vehicles; and
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$80,000 for furniture, fixtures and equipment.
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Our major capital expenditures in fiscal
2016 included:
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$295,000 for plant and machinery for plastic and electronic products;
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$114,000 for leasehold improvements;
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$73,000 for motor vehicles; and
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$109,000 for furniture, fixtures and equipment.
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All of the foregoing capital expenditures
were financed principally from internally generated funds and our current plan is to continue to use internally generated funds
principally to finance future capital expenditures.
The Company has constructed its own manufacturing
plant and dormitory buildings in Houjie, Dongguan China with an aggregate of approximately 1.3 million square feet of land acquired
from the local government in January 2000. Management believes that the current plant facility has sufficiently met the Company’s
existing requirements. Thus, the Company has postponed additional construction, consisting of previously planned additions of two
dormitory units and two other buildings. We may choose to inaugurate this last phase of construction if additional production capacity
is required in the future.
Business Overview
We are an independent manufacturer of injection-molded
plastic parts and components, electronic products and subassemblies and metallic molds and accessory parts for original equipment
manufacturers, or “OEMs” and contract manufacturers. We conduct all of our manufacturing activities at separate plastics,
electronics and metallic operation factories located in the People’s Republic of China.
We produce a wide variety of plastic parts
and components that are used in the manufacture of consumer and industrial products, using different plastic injection technologies,
such as film injection, integrated injection and insert injection. The products include:
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plastic components of electronic entertainment products;
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cases for flashlights, telephones, paging machines, projectors and alarm
clocks;
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toner cartridges and cases for photocopy and printer machines;
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parts for electrical products such as air-conditioning and ventilators;
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parts for audio equipment;
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cases and key tops for personal organizers and remote controls;
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double injection caps and baby products ;
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parts for medical products such as apparatus for blood tests;
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Electronic products manufactured by the Company
include:
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sophisticated professional audio equipment including digital audio workstation,
digital or analogue mixing consoles, instrument amplifiers, signal processors, firewire/USB audio interfaces, keyboard controllers
and speaker enclosures;
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high end home theatre audio products, such as 7.1-channel audio-visual Hi-Fi
stereo receivers-amplifiers;
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complex printed circuit board assemblies using surface mount technology
(SMT), automatic insertion (AI) and pin-through-hole (PTH) interconnection technologies; and
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telecommunication products, such as VoIP keysets for business communications.
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Historically, metal products manufactured
by the Company include metallic molds and necessary parts used in audio equipment, telephones, copying machines, pay telephones,
multimedia stations, automatic teller machines, vending machines, and more. As manufacturing of the metallic components is considered
to be one of the production processes that may emit pollutants, during the year ended March, 31, 2015 the Company gradually outsourced
manufacturing of the metal components used in assembly of the Company’s audio products. Since March, 2015, all the metallic
components used in assembly of the Company’s audio products were provided by third party suppliers.
As part of its manufacturing operations,
the Company consults with its customers in the design of plastic parts and the design and production of the molds used to manufacture
plastic parts, which are made by Deswell at its customers’ expense, and provides advice and assistance in the design and
manufacturing of printed circuit boards. The Company believes that its ability to manufacture high-end plastic and metallic accessory
parts of the quality required by OEMs and contract manufacturers which furnish products and services internationally, Deswell’s
expertise in designing and manufacturing molds for its customers and the Company’s low production costs distinguish Deswell
from most other manufacturers of plastic products and provide it with a competitive advantage. However, this advantage has been
difficult to maintain as a result of increased competition and increased production overheads during the last three fiscal years.
Industry Overview
Management believes that the injection molding
and parts manufacturing industries have each benefited in recent years from a trend among major users of injection molded and metal
products to outsource an increasing portion of the parts requirements and to select a small number of suppliers or a sole supplier
to provide those products. The Company is not aware of any empirical data defining the manufacturing industry in China, however,
management believes that injection molding firms which are much smaller than the Company make up the largest segment of the industry
in China. The Company’s experience indicates that such smaller firms are often unable to react quickly and responsively to
the diverse demands of many customers and are not capable of furnishing the level of quality that high-end plastic and metal products
require. Management believes that this inability on the part of these smaller manufacturers has created opportunities for the Company
to increase sales by catering to the outsourcing requirements of OEMs and contract manufacturers that manufacture such high-end
products.
Similarly, as a result of the recognition
by OEMs in the electronics industry of the rising costs of operating a manufacturing site and the need to add more sophisticated
and expensive manufacturing processes and equipment, OEMs have turned increasingly to outside contract manufacturers. By doing
so, OEMs are able to focus on research, product conception, design and development, marketing and distribution, and to rely on
the production expertise of contract manufacturers. Other benefits to OEMs of using contract manufacturing include: access to manufacturers
in regions with low labor and overhead costs, reduced time to market, reduced capital investment, improved inventory management,
improved purchasing power and improved product quality. In addition, the use of contract manufacturers has helped OEMs manage production
in view of increasingly shorter product life cycles.
Operations
Plastic Injection Molding
Plastic injection molding manufacturing accounted
for 44.5%, 52.2%, and 46.5% of the Company’s total sales during the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively.
At March 31, 2018, the Company conducted its plastic manufacturing operations in approximately 1,070,000 square feet of factory
space in its factory located in Dongguan, China.
The Company’s plastic injection molding
process consists of three phases: (1) mold design and production; (2) plastic injection; and (3) finishing.
Mold design and production
The plastic injection-molding process begins
when a customer provides the Company with specifications for a product or part, which specifications are often created in consultation
with the Company’s technical staff. Next the Company designs and produces the mold, using great care in the design process
and in the selection of materials to produce the mold in an effort to create a high quality appearance of the completed product
by reducing or eliminating potential flaws such as the sinkage of materials and irregularities in the knit line of joints. The
mold-making process ranges from 40 to 50 days, depending on the size and complexity of the mold. Mold making requires specialized
machines and is capital intensive. At March 31, 2018, the Company used 30 EDMs (electrical discharge machines), 32 CNC (computer
numerical control) milling machines and 83 NC (numerical control) milling machines in the mold-making process.
The customer generally bears the cost of
producing the molds and, as is customary in the industry, the customer owns them. However, the Company maintains and stores the
molds at its factory for use in production and it is Deswell’s policy generally not to make molds for customers unless the
customer undertakes to store its molds at the Company’s factory and uses Deswell to manufacture the related parts. In that
way, the Company seeks to use its mold-making expertise to create dependence on it for the customer’s parts requirements.
Beginning in 2005, however, through its then newly created Export Tooling Department, Deswell’s began producing molds for
export to customers and thus does not use those molds to manufacture related parts.
During the year ended March 31, 2018, the
Company made an average of approximately 25 to 30 molds each month. The average weight of the molds produced by the Company is
about 1,800 pounds costing an average of $10,000 per set. Management believes that the Company’s skills and expertise in
mold-making, coupled with having its facilities and operations in China, allow the Company to produce molds at costs substantially
less than molds of comparable quality made in Japan, Korea and Taiwan.
Plastic Injection
During the mold-making process, suitable
plastic resin for the particular product is selected and purchased. See “Raw Materials, Component Parts and Suppliers,”
below. The completed mold is mounted onto injection machines, which are classified according to the clamping force (the pressure
per square inch required to hold a mold in place during the injection molding process). At March 31, 2018, the Company had approximately
198 injection molding machines, ranging from 30 to 1,600 tons of clamping force, with most machines in the range of from 86 to
380 tons. Each of the Company’s machines is capable of servicing a variety of applications and product configurations and
the Company has machines which permit the Company to fabricate plastic parts as small as a button and as large as a 3 ft. x 2 ft.
case for a copy machine.
Using separate shifts, injection molding
can be conducted 24 hours a day, five to seven days per week, other than during normal down time for maintenance and changing of
product molds. Molding of products requiring extra concerns for appearance, such as cases for calculators, personal organizers
and telephones are conducted in an isolated and dust free section of the factory. In a continuous effort to assure quality, the
Company’s quality control personnel inspect the products produced from each machine generally at hourly intervals during
production. When defects are discovered, the Company’s maintenance personnel inspect the mold and the machine to determine
which is responsible. If the mold is the cause of the defect, it will be immediately removed from the machine and serviced or repaired
by one of a team of technicians employed to maintain molds. The mold will then be remounted on the machine and production will
continue. If the machine is the source of the defect, the Company’s technicians and engineers service the machine immediately.
Through this continuous vigilance to molds and machines, the Company has experienced what it believes to be a relatively low scrap
rate and has been able to maintain a high level of productivity of its injection molding machines.
During the year ended March 31, 2016, the
Company disposed of 47 old plastic injection molding machines and added 4 new ones.
During the year ended March 31, 2017, the
Company disposed of 12 old plastic injection molding machines and added 10 new ones.
During the year ended March 31, 2018, the
Company disposed of 3 old plastic injection molding machines and added 1 new one.
Finishing
After injection molding, products are finished.
Finishing consists of smoothing and polishing, imprinting letters, numbers and signs through silk screening process, pad printing
or epoxy ultra violet cutting, and treating the product with an anti-fog coating for a lasting and attractive appearance. Most
of these functions are conducted by hand.
Electronic Products and Assemblies
In an aggregate of approximately
223,000 square feet of factory space at March 31, 2018 located at facilities in Dongguan, China, the Company manufactures and
assembles electronic products and electronic assemblies for OEMs. Finished products include consumer and sophisticated
studio-quality audio equipment, IPBX and commercial telephone units, network education platforms, IP switches, and routers. Assemblies consist of printed circuit boards (“PCBs”) with passive (e.g., resistors, capacitors,
transformers, switches and wire) and active (e.g., semiconductors and memory chips) components mounted on them. During the
years ended March 31, 2016, 2017, and 2018, manufacturing of electronic products accounted for approximately 55.5%, 47.8% and
53.5% respectively, of the Company’s total sales.
In assembling printed circuit boards the
Company purchases printed circuit boards, surface mounted components and chips and uses automatic insertion and pin-through-hole
interconnection technologies to assemble various components onto the PCBs. Before delivery, completed PCBs are checked by in-circuit
testers and outgoing quality assurance inspections are performed.
PTH is a method of assembling printed circuit
boards in which component leads are inserted and soldered into plated holes in the board. While this technology is several decades
old and is labor intensive, it still has a significant market, particularly for consumer product applications.
BGA is a method of mounting an integrated
circuit or other component to a PCB. Rather than using pins that consume a large area of the PCB, the component is attached to
the circuit board with small balls of solder at each contact. This method allows for greater component density and is used in more
complex PCBs.
SMT is the automatic process of printed circuit
board assembly in which components are mounted directly to the surface of the board, rather than being inserted into holes. With
this process, solder is accurately stenciled in paste form on pads located on the printed circuit board and the components are
then placed onto the solder paste and fused to the melting point of the paste to establish a strong solder joint between components
and the printed circuit board. The SMT process allows miniaturization of PCBs, cost savings and shorter lead paths between components
(which results in faster signal speed and improved reliability). Additionally, it allows components to be placed on both sides
of the printed circuit board, a major factor for the purpose of miniaturization.
Manufacturing operations include PCB assembly,
wiring and testing. The process is completed by assembling the PCBs into a plastic or metal housing that comprises the finished
product. Quality assurance is then conducted in accordance with the customers’ requirements before the shipment.
Metal Parts Manufacturing
During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company
closed down its metallic parts business unit and sold all of its assets. The operating results of the metallic parts business unit
are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented. We have historically reported the results of the metallic parts
business as a separate segment. The continuing cash flows subsequent to the unit’s closure were not significant.
Quality Control
The Company maintains strict quality control
procedures for its products. At hourly intervals, the Company’s quality control personnel monitor machines and molds to assure
that plastic parts are free from defects.
For electronic operations, the Company’s
quality control personnel check all incoming components. Moreover, during the production stage, the Company’s quality control
personnel check all work in process at
several points in the production process. Finally, after the final assembly and before shipment,
the Company conducts quality assurance inspections in accordance with the customers’ Acceptable Quality Level, or AQL, requirements.
In 1995, the Company earned ISO 9001 certifications
for both its plastic and electronic products manufacturing operations. The “ISO” or International Organization for
Standardization is a Geneva-based organization dedicated to the development of worldwide standards for quality management guidelines
and quality assurance. ISO 9000, which is the first quality system standard to gain worldwide recognition, requires a company to
gather, analyze, document and monitor and to make improvements where needed. ISO 9001 is the ISO level appropriate for manufacturers
like the Company. The Company’s receipt of ISO 9001 certification demonstrates that the Company’s manufacturing operations
meet the established world standards.
In August 2004, the Company’s plastic
injection manufacturing plant in Dongguan also obtained ISO 14001 certification, which evidences that the Company’s environmental
management standards meet established international standards. ISO 14000 is a series of international standards on environmental
management. ISO 14001 is the most well-known of these standards and is often seen as the cornerstone standard of the ISO 14000
series. In January 2006, the Company’s electronic manufacturing plant also obtained ISO 14001 certification.
In July 2006, Deswell obtained ISO/TS
16949 Certification for its plastic injection manufacturing plant. ISO/TS 16949 is an ISO Technical Specification aligning
existing American (QS-9000), German (VDA6.1), French (EAQF) and Italian (AVSQ) automotive quality systems standards within
the global automotive industry. Together with ISO 9001:2008, ISO/TS 16949 specifies the quality system requirements for the
design/development, production, installation and servicing of automotive related products. ISO/TS 16949 has been accepted as
an equivalent to QS-9000, VDA6.1, AVSQ, and EAQF. ISO/TS 16949 does not replace QS-9000; but is optional and eliminates the
need for multiple certifications.
Raw Materials, Component Parts and Suppliers
Plastic Resins
The primary raw materials used by the Company
in the manufacture of its plastic parts are various plastic resins, primarily ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene). The chart
shows Deswell’s average cost of ABS as a percentage of the total cost of plastic products sold and as a percentage of total
cost of goods sold during its last three fiscal years.
Because plastic resins are commodity products,
the Company has no long-term supply agreements for
plastic resins. The Company selects its suppliers based on price, lead time,
the brand name or those that are appointed by its customers. Most of its plastic resins are obtained from suppliers in Mainland
China and Hong Kong. Deswell normally maintains a two to three month inventory supply.
The Company used in excess of
11,037,000 pounds of plastic resins during the year ended March 31, 2018. Management believes that the Company’s large
volume purchases of plastic resin have generally resulted in lower unit raw material costs and generally have enabled the
Company to obtain adequate shipments of raw materials. While the Company is not generally bound by fixed price contracts with
its customers, the Company has found that increases in resin prices can be difficult to pass on to its customers and, as a
consequence, a significant increase in resin prices could have, and in the past has had, a material adverse effect on the
Company’s operations.
The primary plastic resins used by the Company
are produced from petrochemical intermediates derived from products of the natural gas and crude oil refining processes. Natural
gas and crude oil markets have in the past experienced substantially cyclical price fluctuations as well as other market disturbances
including shortages of supply and crises in the oil producing regions of the world. The capacity, supply and demand for plastic
resins and the petrochemical intermediates from which they are produced are also subject to cyclical and other market factors.
Consequently, plastic resin prices may fluctuate as a result of natural gas and crude oil prices and the capacity, supply and demand
for resin and petrochemical intermediates from which they are produced. Over the past several years, oil prices have experienced
significant volatility and remain extremely uncertain. Sustained increases in oil prices could result in higher costs for plastic
resins.
Although the plastics industry has from time
to time experienced shortages of plastic resins, the Company has not experienced to date any such shortages. Management believes
that there are adequate sources available to meet the Company’s raw material needs.
Component Parts and Supplies for Electrical Products
Manufacturing
The Company purchases a wide variety of component
parts from numerous suppliers and is not dependent upon any single supplier for any essential component. The Company purchases
from suppliers in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, the United Kingdom and the United States. At various times there have been
shortages of parts in the electronics industry, and certain components, including integrated circuits, diodes, transistors and
other semiconductors, have been subject to allocations by their suppliers, particularly if they are complex and/or customized for
a particular use. Although shortages of parts and allocations have not had a material adverse effect on the Company’s results
of operations, there can be no assurance that any future shortages or allocations would not have such an effect.
For a discussion of various risks we face
associated with obtaining needed components used in our manufacture of electronic products, please see “Shortages of components
and materials used in our production of electronics products may delay or reduce our sales and increase our costs” and “We
face inventory risks of obsolescence and impairment charges by providing turnkey manufacturing of electronic products” beginning
on page 12 of the Risk Factor section of this Report.
Transportation
Transportation of components and finished
products to customers in Shenzhen and to and from Hong Kong and Shenzhen and Dongguan is by truck. Generally, the Company sells
its products F.O.B. China or F.O.B. Hong Kong. To date, the Company has not been materially affected by any transportation problems
and has found that the transition of Hong Kong to Chinese control in July 1997 has not had an adverse impact on the Company’s
ability to transport goods to and from Hong Kong and China.
Customers and Marketing
The Company’s customers are OEMs and
contract manufacturers. The Company sells its products principally in China, the United States, Hong Kong and Europe (the United
Kingdom, Norway and Holland) and Canada. Net sales to customers by geographic area are determined by reference to shipping destinations
as directed by the Company’s customers. For example, if the products are delivered to the customer in Hong Kong, the sales
are recorded as generated in Hong Kong; if the customer directs the Company to ship its products to Europe, the sales are recorded
as sold to Europe. See Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the dollar amounts of export sales by geographic
area for each of the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018. Net sales as a percentage of total sales to customers by geographic
area consisted of the following for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
Geographical Area
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
China
|
|
|
42.1
|
%
|
|
|
46.4
|
%
|
|
|
49.6
|
%
|
United States
|
|
|
18.2
|
|
|
|
20.0
|
|
|
|
17.5
|
|
Europe
|
|
|
14.4
|
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
|
|
13.7
|
|
Hong Kong
|
|
|
17.2
|
|
|
|
13.0
|
|
|
|
7.6
|
|
United Kingdom
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
Others
|
|
|
5.8
|
|
|
|
6.5
|
|
|
|
6.9
|
|
Total
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We believe that our reported sales by geographic
area do not necessarily reflect the final destinations of our products or the actual nationalities of our customers. For example,
we have reported product sales in China amounting to 49.6% of our total net sales for the year ended March 31, 2018 because China
is where our customers directed us to deliver the products. However, we believe that these sales were to offshore customers using
local China shipping destinations, which in turn, transshipped our products offshore.
The Company markets its products and services
to existing customers through direct contact with the Company’s management and direct sales personnel. The Company’s
sales personnel attend trade shows, exhibitions and conventions. Collecting information from trade shows, as well as websites,
Deswell’s marketing staff contacts existing and potential customers directly by telephone, mail, fax, e-mail via the Internet
and in person, stressing Deswell’s capability as a complete solution provider for plastic injection mold design, tooling
and molding as well as an electronics manufacturing services, or EMS, provider of advanced technology manufacturing processes and
flexible logistic services.
The Company’s sales transactions with
all of its customers are based on purchase orders received by the Company from time to time. Except for these purchase orders,
the Company has no written agreements with its customers. Sales of plastic parts, electronic products and metallic products are
primarily made on credit terms, with payment in United States dollars or Hong Kong dollars expected within 30 to 90 days of shipment.
In certain cases, primarily new customers of electronic products, sales are supported by letters of credit and are payable in United
States dollars. To date, the Company has not experienced any significant difficulty in collecting accounts receivable on credit
sales. Management communicates regularly with credit sale customers and closely monitors the status of payment and in this way
believes it has kept the default rate low. Additionally, plastic parts deliveries are made in several installments over a lengthy
period of time, which permits the Company to withhold delivery in the event of any delinquency in payment for past shipments. While
the Company has not experienced any material difficulty in being paid by its customers, there can be no assurance that the Company’s
favorable collection experience will continue.
Customers
The Company’s success depends to a
significant extent on the success achieved by its customers in developing and marketing their products, some of which may be new.
Many of the industry segments served by the Company’s customers are subject to technological change, which can result in
short product life cycles. The Company could be materially adversely affected if advances in technology or other factors reduce
the marketability of essential products of its customers or if new products being developed by its customers do not attain desired
levels of acceptance.
Historically, the Company has depended, currently
depends, and expects to continue to depend, on a small number of customers for a significant percentage of its net sales. The following
table sets forth Deswell’s major customers which accounted for 10% or more of its net sales during fiscal 2016, 2017 and
2018:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Customer A
|
|
|
12.7
|
%
|
|
|
12.8
|
%
|
|
|
10.8
|
%
|
Customer B
|
|
|
13.6
|
%
|
|
|
10.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
*
|
Customer C
|
|
|
10.4
|
%
|
|
|
10.2
|
%
|
|
|
10.8
|
%
|
Customer D
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
12.8
|
%
|
Customer E
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
11.9
|
%
|
* Less than 10% in
the year indicated.
If the Company’s major customers experience
a decline in the demand for their products as a result of the prevailing economic environment or other
factors, the products or services that we provide to them could be reduced or even terminated. The loss of any of our major customers
or a substantial reduction in orders from any of them would adversely impact our sales and operating results unless and until we
were able to replace the customer or order with one or more of comparable size.
The Company’s sales are based on purchase
orders and there are no long-term contracts with any of Deswell’s customers. The percentage of sales to the Company’s
customers has fluctuated in the past and may fluctuate in future. Substantial decreases in sales to, or the loss of major customers,
have adversely impacted Deswell’s sales and financial performance.
Present or future customers could cease to
use Deswell as the source of the injection-molded plastic parts and components it manufactures for electronic manufacturing services
of electrical products and subassemblies or for metallic molds and accessories or significantly change, reduce or delay the amount
of products and services ordered. The Company’s sales will continue to decline and its financial results will suffer further
if orders from its largest customers, or orders from other substantial customers, cease or are significantly reduced unless Deswell
can increase sales from other existing customers or add sales from new customers.
Competition
We compete with a number of different companies
in production of injection-molded plastic parts and components, electrical products and subassemblies and metallic molds and accessories.
For example, we compete with major global EMS providers, other smaller EMS companies that have a regional or product-specific focus,
and original design manufacturers with respect to some of the services that we provide. We also compete with our current and prospective
customers, who can manufacture internally and who evaluate our capabilities in light of their own capabilities and cost structures.
Our market segments are extremely competitive, many of our competitors have achieved substantial market share and many have lower
cost structures and greater manufacturing, financial or other resources than we do. We face particular competition from Asian-based
competitors, including Taiwanese EMS providers who compete in our end markets.
The Company believes that competition for
plastic injection molding, contract electronic manufacturing and parts manufacturing businesses are based on price, quality, service
and the ability to deliver products in a timely and reliable basis.
Patents, Licenses and Trademarks
The Company has no patents, trademarks, licenses,
franchises, concessions or royalty agreements that are material to its business.
Seasonality
For information concerning the seasonality
of the Company’s business, see “Seasonality” included under
Item
5 “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.”
Property, Plants and Equipment
Macao
The Company leases Units 10B and 10C Edificio
Associacao Industrial De Macau, No. 32-36 Rua do Comandante Mata e Oliveira, Macao from an unaffiliated party, each being for a
term of two years to May 2020. The premises are used as trading, administrative and accounting offices for the Company’s
plastic injection business and electronic & metallic business, respectively. The monthly rent is approximately $4,100.
Southern China
In January 2000, the Company acquired under
a land-lease agreement with the local government an aggregate of approximately 1.3 million square feet of land to construct its
own manufacturing plant and dormitory buildings in Houjie, Dongguan, China. Under the land-lease agreement, the Company has the
right to use the land for 50 years. On this land, Deswell has through March 31, 2018 constructed approximately
|
·
|
1,070,000 square feet of factory space,
|
|
·
|
91,000 square feet of amenity space,
|
|
·
|
133,000 square feet of office building space, and
|
|
·
|
470,000 square feet of dormitory space.
|
Deswell now uses this facility for its plastic
manufacturing operations.
Manufacturing facilities and warehouses identified
to be idle during the year were leased to third parties for rental income. Rental income of $793,000, $839,000, and $1,111,000
was earned during the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively.
In July 2003, the Company acquired
under a land-lease agreement with a third party an aggregate of approximately 244,000 square feet of land and approximately
420,000 square feet of buildings, including six blocks of dormitory buildings, a canteen, a factory building, a car park and
a guard room, at Chang An, Dongguan, China, which was previously named Kwan Hong Building. The land use period is for 50
years from February 1, 2003 to January 31, 2053. The Company uses the facilities for its electronic products manufacturing
operations.
The Company believes that its existing offices
and manufacturing space, and manufacturing space in close proximity to its existing facilities, which management believes will
be available as needed for limited expansion, will be adequate for the operation of its business for at least the next two years.
Material Effects of Government Regulations
See discussion of increasing minimum wage
levels in Guangdong Province and corresponding increases in employer contributions for mandatory social welfare benefits for Chinese
employees on page 7.
Item
4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable to Deswell.
Item
5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
Except
for statements of historical facts, this section contains forward-looking statements involving risks and uncertainties. You can
identify these statements by forward looking words including “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,”
“seek,” and “estimate.” Forward looking statements are not guarantees of Deswell’s future performance
or results and the Company’s actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements
as a result of certain factors, including those set forth under the section of this Report entitled
Item
3 “Key Information – Risk Factors.”
Operating Results
The following discussion should also be read
in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included following
Item
18 of this Report. The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
General
The Company’s revenues are derived
from the manufacture and sale of injection-molded plastic parts and components, electrical products and subassemblies and metallic
molds and accessories.
The manufacturing of the metallic components
is considered to be one of the production processes which may emit pollutants. During the year ended March 31, 2015, the Company
gradually outsourced manufacturing of the metal components used in assembly of the Company’s audio products. As of March
31, 2015, all of the metallic components used in assembly of the Company’s audio products were provided by third party suppliers.
The operating results of the metallic parts business unit are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented. We
have historically reported the results of the metallic parts business as a separate segment. The continuing cash flows subsequent
to the unit’s closure were not significant.
The Company carries out all of its manufacturing
operations in Southern China, where it has been able to take advantage of the lower overhead costs and labor rates as compared
to Hong Kong. At the same time, the proximity of the Company’s factories in Southern China to Hong Kong permits the Company
to easily manage its manufacturing operations from Macao, and facilitates transportation of its products through Hong Kong.
PRC Income Taxes
From January 1, 2008, with the effect of
the new PRC Income Tax Law, the standard income tax rate for all subsidiaries operating in the PRC has been reduced from the rate
of 33% to 25%.
Accordingly, with the enactment of new PRC
Enterprise Tax effective January 1, 2008, the benefits the Company previously enjoyed, such as receiving tax refunds as a result
of its reinvestment of profits in certain of its subsidiaries in China and favorable concession rates, are no longer available.
The Company is subject to the
applicable transfer pricing rules in PRC in connection to the transactions between its subsidiaries located inside and
outside PRC. In accordance to Guo Shui Fa [2009] No.2 “Implementation Regulations of Special Tax Adjustments
(Provisional)”(“Guo Shui Fa [2009] No.2”), which took effect at the beginning of calendar year 2008 and set
out the regulations in relation to transfer pricing, contemporaneous documentation, disclosure and compliance of intercompany
transactions, the Company and external consultants have prepared transfer pricing contemporaneous documentations (the
“Contemporaneous Documentations”) of its subsidiaries in PRC for every calendar year.
The amount of current tax liability at March
31, 2018 includes the deemed profit tax estimated by the management based on the Contemporaneous Documentations.
Business Segment Information
Deswell’s operations are generally
organized in three segments: plastic injection molding, which we sometimes refer to as the “plastics segment,” and
electronic products assembling. The Company’s reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products
and services. See Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The following table sets forth selected consolidated financial
information presented as a percentage of net sales by segment for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2018:
|
|
Year ended March 31, 2016
|
|
Year ended March 31, 2017
|
|
Year ended March 31, 2018
|
|
|
Plastic
Injection
Molding
Segment
|
|
Electronic
Segment
|
|
Total
|
|
Plastic
Injection
Molding
Segment
|
|
Electronic
Segment
|
|
Total
|
|
Plastic
Injection
Molding
Segment
|
|
Electronic
Segment
|
|
Total
|
Net sales
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
82.9
|
|
|
|
94.3
|
|
|
|
89.2
|
|
|
|
78.6
|
|
|
|
88.4
|
|
|
|
83.3
|
|
|
|
80.6
|
|
|
|
86.9
|
|
|
|
84.0
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
17.1
|
|
|
|
5.7
|
|
|
|
10.8
|
|
|
|
21.4
|
|
|
|
11.6
|
|
|
|
16.7
|
|
|
|
19.4
|
|
|
|
13.1
|
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
20.2
|
|
|
|
15.4
|
|
|
|
17.6
|
|
|
|
18.0
|
|
|
|
14.1
|
|
|
|
16.1
|
|
|
|
15.5
|
|
|
|
9.8
|
|
|
|
12.4
|
|
Corporate expense
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
2.9
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
Other income (expenses), net
|
|
|
(6.6
|
)
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
|
(2.3
|
)
|
|
|
(4.3
|
)
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
(1.6
|
)
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
Operating (loss) income
|
|
|
(9.7
|
)
|
|
|
(8.5
|
)
|
|
|
(12.0
|
)
|
|
|
(0.9
|
)
|
|
|
(1.0
|
)
|
|
|
(4.8
|
)
|
|
|
7.1
|
|
|
|
3.3
|
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
Non-operating income, net
|
|
|
2.8
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
|
11.8
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
|
|
8.3
|
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
(Loss) income before income taxes
|
|
|
(6.9
|
)
|
|
|
(8.5
|
)
|
|
|
(10.7
|
)
|
|
|
10.9
|
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
|
|
19.2
|
|
|
|
6.4
|
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
Income taxes (benefit)
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
0.2
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
(0.3
|
)
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
|
(7.4
|
)
|
|
|
(8.7
|
)
|
|
|
(11.1
|
)
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
|
19.5
|
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
The Company used to include corporate expenses, which mainly
included directors’ remuneration, legal and professional expenses and corporate insurance, in the segment of plastic injection.
Commencing from fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, the corporate expenses are separately disclosed in the segment information for
a more precise presentation of the financial performance of each segment.
Year ended March 31, 2018 (Fiscal 2018) Compared to Year
Ended March 31, 2017 (Fiscal 2017)
Net Sales
– The Company’s net sales
for the year ended March 31, 2018 were $60,667,000, an increase of $16,145,000, or 36.3%, as compared to $44,522,000 in the corresponding
period in fiscal 2017. The increase was related to increases in sales revenue of $4,971,000 in our plastic segment and $11,174,000
in our electronic segment, as compared with the respective net sales from these segments in the corresponding period of the prior
fiscal year.
The revenue increase in the plastic segment was mainly
due to an increase of $6,037,000 in orders from existing customers for telephone equipment and kitchen and gardening tools, offsetting
a decrease of $1,524,000 in sales orders from existing customers mainly for printers and motor vehicles.
The revenue increase in the electronic segment was mainly
due to an increase of $8,672,000 in orders from existing customers for professional audio instruments, and an increase of
$1,273,000 in orders for home entertainment equipment from other existing customers.
Gross Profit
– Gross profit for the year ended
March 31, 2018 was $9,714,000, representing a gross profit margin of 16.0%. This compared with the overall gross profit and gross
profit margin of $7,449,000 or 16.7% for the year ended March 31, 2017.
Gross profit in the plastic segment increased by $484,000
to $5,463,000 or 19.4% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2018, as compared to $4,979,000 or 21.4% of net sales for
the same period in the prior fiscal year. The decrease in gross margin for the plastic segment was mainly due to the
appreciation of Renminbi and an increase in raw materials cost as a percentage of net sales when compared with last fiscal
year.
Gross profit in the electronic segment increased by $1,781,000
to $4,251,000 or 13.1% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2018, as compared to $2,470,000 or 11.6% of net sales for the
same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in gross margin was mainly attributable to the result of our control of labor
costs and factory overhead, offsetting the appreciation of the Renminbi and an increase in raw materials cost as a percentage of
net sales when compared with last fiscal year.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (Including Corporate
Expenses)
– SG&A expenses for the year ended March 31, 2018 decreased by $50,000 to $8,806,000 or 14.5% of total
net sales, as compared to $8,856,000 or 19.9% of total net sales for the year ended March 31, 2017.
Corporate expenses decreased by $422,000 to $1,255,000 for the
year ended March 31, 2018, as compared to $1,677,000 for the year ended March 31, 2017. The decrease was primarily related to the
decrease of the provision of long service compensation for the year ended March 31, 2017, while no such provision was provided
for the year ended March 31, 2018.
SG&A expenses in the plastic segment increased by
$182,000 to $4,371,000 or 15.5% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2018, compared to $4,189,000 or 18.0% of net sales
for fiscal 2017. The increase was primarily related to an increase of $199,000 in staff costs and welfare, offsetting a
decrease of $28,000 in local government taxes and registration fees as compared with the same period in the prior fiscal
year.
SG&A expenses in the electronic segment increased by $190,000
to $3,180,000 or 9.8% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2018, compared to $2,990,000 or 14.1% of net sales for fiscal 2017.
The increase was mainly due to an increase of $165,000 in staff costs and $67,000 in selling expense, offsetting a decrease of
$26,000 in local government taxes when compared to the prior fiscal year.
Operating Income
– Operating income was $1,802,000
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, as compared to operating loss of $2,103,000 in the prior fiscal year.
Corporate expenses of $1,255,000 and $1,677,000 were incurred
during fiscal year 2018 and fiscal year 2017, respectively.
On a segment basis, the operating income in the plastic segment
was $2,002,000 in the year ending March 31, 2018, as compared to an operating loss of $216,000 in fiscal 2017. The increase in
operating income in the plastic segment was mainly due to an increase in other income as well as a decrease in SG&A expenses
as a percentage of net sales.
The electronic segment reported an operating income of $1,055,000
in the year ending March 31, 2018, as compared to an operating loss of $210,000 in fiscal 2017. The significant increase in operating
income was largely due to the increase in gross margin and a decrease in SG&A expenses as a percentage of sales as described
above.
Non-Operating Income
– Non-operating income for
the year ended march 31, 2018 was $4,395,000, as compared to non-operating income of $3,688,000 in last fiscal year. The increase
was primarily due to an increase of $245,000 in dividend income from securities investments, $540,000 from realized gain on marketable
securities and $272,000 from rental income, offsetting a decrease of $598,000 on a change of the fair value of marketable securities
as compared to fiscal 2017.
Income Taxes
– Income tax for the year ended March
31, 2018 represented an income tax expense of $173,000 and a deferred tax benefit of $166,000, as compared to an income tax expense
of $116,000 and a deferred tax provision of $93,000 in last fiscal year.
On a segment basis, there was income tax expense of
$80,000 and a deferred tax benefit of $166,000 in the plastic segment for the year ended March 31, 2018, as compared to
income tax expense of $61,000 and a deferred tax provision of $93,000 during the last fiscal year. The income tax expenses of
the electronic segment was $93,000 for the year ended March 31, 2018, as compared to $55,000 in fiscal 2017.
Net Income
– the Company had net income of $6,190,000
for the year ended March 31, 2018, as compared to a net income of $1,376,000 for the year ended March 31, 2017. The increase in
net income was mainly the result of an increase in sales, as well as increases in non-operating and other income as described above.
Corporate expenses of $1,255,000 and $1,677,000 were
incurred during fiscal year 2018 and fiscal year 2017, respectively.
Net income for the plastic segment for the year ended
March 31, 2018 was $5,490,000, as compared to a net income of $2,366,000 for fiscal 2017. The increase in net income in the
plastic segment was mainly due to a decrease in SG&A expenses as a percentage of sales, as well as increases in
non-operating and other income as described above.
Net income for the electronic segment for the year ended March
31, 2018 was $1,955,000, as compared to a net income of $687,000 for fiscal 2017. The increase in net income in the electronic
segment was mainly attributable to an increase in gross margin and a decrease in SG&A expense as a percentage of sales as described
above.
Year ended March 31, 2017 (Fiscal 2017) Compared to Year
Ended March 31, 2016 (Fiscal 2016)
Net Sales
– The Company’s net sales
from continuing operations for the year ended March 31, 2017 were $44,522,000, a decrease of $46,000 or 0.1% as compared to $44,568,000
in fiscal 2016. The slight decrease was related to a decrease in sales revenues of $3,465,000 in our electronic segment, offsetting
an increase of $3,419,000 in our plastic segment, as compared with the respective net sales from these segments in the prior fiscal
year.
The revenue increase in the plastic segment was due to an increase
of $5,041,000 in orders from existing customers for printing, office equipment, and local sales, offsetting a decrease of $2,010,000
in sales orders from existing customers, mainly for tooling and audio products.
The revenue decrease in the electronic segment was mainly due
to a decrease of $5,636,000 in orders from existing customers for professional audio instruments, offsetting an increase of $2,119,000
in orders for professional audio equipment from other existing customers.
Gross Profit
– Gross profit for the year ended
March 31, 2017 was $7,449,000, representing a gross profit margin of 16.7%. This compared with the overall gross profit of $4,793,000
and gross profit margin of 10.8% for the year ended March 31, 2016.
Gross profit in the plastic segment increased by $1,598,000
to $4,979,000 or 21.4% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to $3,381,000 or 17.1% of net sales for the
prior fiscal year. The increase in gross margin for the plastic segment was mainly due to a decrease in labor cost, as a percentage
of net sales, when compared with the prior fiscal year.
Gross profit in the electronic segment increased by $1,058,000
to $2,470,000 or 11.6% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to $1,412,000 or 5.7% of net sales for the prior
fiscal year. Gross margin was twice that of fiscal year 2016, and mainly attributable to decreases in labor cost and raw materials
cost, as a percentage of sales, when compared with the prior fiscal year.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (Including Corporate
Expenses) -
SG&A expenses for the year ended March 31, 2017 were $8,856,000 or 19.9% of total net sales, as compared to
$9,119,000 or 20.5% of total net sales for the year ended March 31, 2016. SG&A expenses decreased by $263,000 or 2.9% in fiscal
year 2017 compared to the prior fiscal year.
Corporate expenses increased by $384,000 to $1,677,000 for the
year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to $1,293,000 for the year ended March 31, 2016. The increase was primarily related to the
increase of the provision of long service compensation for the year ended March 31, 2017.
SG&A expenses in the plastic segment increased by $175,000
to $4,189,000 or 18.0% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2017, compared to $4,014,000 or 20.2% of net sales for fiscal
2016. The increase was primarily related to an increase of $122,000 in staff costs and welfare and of $132,000 in selling expense,
offsetting decreases of $13,000 in office operating expense, $63,000 in local government registration fees and other expenses,
as compared with the same period in the prior fiscal year.
SG&A expenses in the electronic segment decreased by $822,000
to $2,990,000 or 14.1% of net sales for the year ended March 31, 2017, compared to $3,812,000 or 15.4% of net sales for fiscal
year 2016. The decrease was mainly due to decreases of $606,000 in staff costs and of $167,000 in selling expense, when compared
to the prior fiscal year.
Other Income/Expense, Net
– Other expense was $696,000
for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to other expense of $1,021,000 in the prior fiscal year.
On a segment basis, other expense attributable to the plastic
segment for the year ended March 31, 2017 was $1,006,000, as compared to other expense of $1,310,000 for the prior fiscal year.
Other expense in fiscal year 2017 was mainly due to $412,000 in exchange loss, $198,000 of loss on disposal of fixed assets and
a provision of $398,000 for doubtful receivables, as compared to disposal of fixed assets of $426,000, an exchange loss of $600,000,
and a provision of $273,000 for doubtful receivables during fiscal year 2016.
Other income attributable to the electronic segment was $310,000
for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared with other income of $289,000 for the prior fiscal year. The increase in other income
was mainly due to an increase of $36,000 in gain on the disposal of fixed assets and $47,000 in other income offsetting an increase
of $69,000 in loss on the sale of materials during the year ended March 31, 2017 as compared to the prior fiscal year.
Operating Loss
– Operating loss was $2,103,000
for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to operating loss of $5,347,000 in the prior fiscal year.
On a segment basis, the operating loss in the plastic segment
was $216,000 in the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to an operating loss of $1,943,000 in fiscal year 2016. The decrease
in operating loss in the plastic segment was mainly due to an increase in gross margin as well as a decrease in other expense as
a percentage of net sales.
The electronic segment reported an operating loss of $210,000
in the year ended March 31, 2017, compared to an operating loss of $2,111,000 in fiscal year 2016. The significant decrease in
operating loss was largely due to the significant increase in gross margin as described above.
Non-Operating Income
– Non-operating income for
the year ended March 31, 2017 was $3,688,000, as compared to non-operating income of $571,000 in the prior fiscal year. The increase
was primarily due to unrealized gain from marketable securities of $1,999,000 in fiscal 2017 as compared to unrealized loss from
marketable securities of $1,860,000 in fiscal year 2016.
Income Taxes
– Income tax for the year ended March
31, 2017 represented an income tax expense of $116,000 and a deferred tax provision of $93,000, as compared to an income tax expense
of $103,000 and a deferred tax provision of $55,000 in the prior fiscal year.
On a segment basis, there was income tax expense of $61,000
and a deferred tax provision of $93,000 in the plastic segment for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to income tax expense
of $50,000 and a deferred tax provision of $54,000 for the prior fiscal year. The income tax of the electronic segment was $55,000
for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to $54,000 in fiscal year 2016.
Net Income
- The Company had net income of $1,376,000
for the year ended March 31, 2017, as compared to a net loss of $4,934,000 for the year ended March 31, 2016. The increase in net
income was mainly the result of increases in gross margin and non-operating income as described above.
Corporate expenses of $1,677,000 and $1,293,000 were incurred
during fiscal year 2017 and fiscal year 2016, respectively.
Net income for the plastic segment for the year ended March
31, 2017 was $2,366,000, as compared to a net loss of $1,483,000 for fiscal year 2016. The increase in net income in the plastic
segment was mainly due to an increase in non-operating income as described above.
Net income for the electronic segment was $687,000 for the year
ended March 31, 2017, compared to a net loss of $2,158,000 in fiscal year 2016. The increase in net income in the electronic segment
was mainly attributable to increases in gross margin and non-operating income as described above.
Seasonality
The following table sets forth certain unaudited
quarterly financial information sequentially for the four quarters in the year ending March 31, 2016, and on a semi-annual basis
for the each of the years ending March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2018 (in thousands):
|
|
Year ended March
31, 2016
|
|
|
|
Q1
|
|
|
|
Q2
|
|
|
|
Q3
|
|
|
|
Q4
|
|
Net sales
|
|
$
|
11,273
|
|
|
$
|
12,375
|
|
|
$
|
12,510
|
|
|
$
|
8,410
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
765
|
|
|
|
1,337
|
|
|
|
1,418
|
|
|
|
1,273
|
|
Operating loss
|
|
|
(1,029
|
)
|
|
|
(2,322
|
)
|
|
|
(262
|
)
|
|
|
(1,163
|
)
|
Net loss
|
|
|
(1,097
|
)
|
|
|
(2,375
|
)
|
|
|
(305
|
)
|
|
|
(1,157
|
)
|
|
(1)
|
The sum of the unaudited quarterly financial data may not be equal to the respective figures as stated in the audited financial
statements because of the posting of reclassifications.
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
In fiscal year 2017, the Company adopted a semi-annual financial results reporting schedule, consistent with many other foreign
issuers, in order to minimize corporate overhead. Prior to fiscal year 2017 the Company reported financial results on a quarterly
basis.
|
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
H1
|
|
|
|
H2
|
|
|
|
H1
|
|
|
|
H2
|
|
Net sales
|
|
$
|
20,634
|
|
|
$
|
23,888
|
|
|
$
|
29,759
|
|
|
$
|
30,908
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
2,947
|
|
|
|
4,502
|
|
|
|
5,821
|
|
|
|
3,893
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
(1,818
|
)
|
|
|
(285
|
)
|
|
|
1,585
|
|
|
|
217
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
711
|
|
|
|
665
|
|
|
|
3,669
|
|
|
|
2,521
|
|
Impact of Inflation
Historically, the Company focused upon increasing
transaction volume in order to compensate for inflation in China, where virtually all of the Company’s assets and employees
are located and inflation in China had little impact on Deswell. However, inflation in China has recently affected the Company
significantly.
The inflation rate in China rose 1.8% year-on-year
in May of 2018. However, the Company’s actual cost of operations has significantly exceeded the overall inflation rate in
China. The rapid growth of China’s economy in general has in the past few years increased the Company’s operating costs,
including energy prices and labor costs. These increased costs have adversely affected the Company’s cost of operations,
caused the Company to increase its prices, and resulted in the loss of some customers.
There is no fixed minimum wage which is applicable
to all of China; local governments in China adopt different amounts based on the situation in their area. China’s Guangdong
Province, where our manufacturing facilities are located, raised minimum wages by approximately 20% in May 2011 and another 19.1%
in March 2013. Effective May 1, 2015, minimum wage levels across Guangdong Province, including Dongguan, where our manufacturing
facilities are located, were increased by an average of 15.3%. Since then, there have been no adjustments made to the minimum wage
in Guangdong Province.
Increases in wages also result in increases
in our and other employer’s contributions for various mandatory social welfare benefits for Chinese employees that are based
on percentages of their salaries. Continuing material increases in our cost of labor will continue to increase the Company’s
operating costs and will adversely affect Deswell’s financial results unless it passes on such increases to customers by
increasing the prices of products and services. The effect of increases in the prices of products and services would make the Company’s
products more expensive in global markets, such as the United States and the European Union. This could result in the loss of customers,
who may seek, and be able to obtain, products and services comparable to those Deswell offers in lower-cost regions of the world.
If the Company does not increase prices to pass on the effect of increases in labor costs, Deswell’s margins and profitability
would suffer.
Because most of the Company’s labor
costs are incurred in China and therefore paid in RMB, the adverse effect on Deswell’s business and financial results from
increasing labor costs has in previous years been exacerbated by the appreciation in the exchange rate to the U.S. dollar, as is
discussed in “Exchange Rates” immediately below. In fiscal 2016 and 2017, the RMB depreciated relative to the U.S.
dollar, with the exchange rate mitigating rather than exacerbating the increasing labor costs experienced by the Company, but the
RMB appreciated relative to the U.S. dollar in fiscal 2018.
Exchange Rates
The Company’s sales are mainly in United
States dollars and Hong Kong dollars and its expenses are mainly in United States dollars, Hong Kong dollars and Chinese RMB.
The Hong Kong dollar has been pegged to the
U.S. dollar at approximately 7.80 and relatively stable. The Hong Kong government may not continue to maintain the present currency
exchange mechanism, which fixes the Hong Kong dollar at approximately 7.80 to each United States dollar and has not in the past
presented a material currency exchange risk. Although announcements by Hong Kong’s central bank indicate its intention to
maintain the currency peg between the Hong Kong dollar and the U.S. dollar, if Hong Kong does change and follows China to a floating
currency system or otherwise changes the exchange rate system of Hong Kong dollars to U.S. dollars, our margins and financial results
could be adversely affected.
Between 1994 and July 2005, the market
and official RMB rates were unified and the value of the RMB was essentially pegged to the U.S. dollar and was relatively
stable. On July 21, 2005, the People’s Bank of China adjusted the exchange rate of RMB to the U.S. dollar by linking
the RMB to a basket of currencies and simultaneously setting the exchange rate of RMB to U.S. dollars, from 1:8.27, to a
narrow band of around 1:8.11. The following chart illustrates the fluctuations since the July 31, 2005 adjustment of the RMB
to the U.S. dollar by showing the exchange ratio at the end of each of Deswell’s fiscal years from March 31, 2006 to
March 31, 2018.
|
(1)
|
RMB (yuan) to U.S. dollar data presented in this chart are the midpoint rates on March 31 of the year indicated as reported
by “Historical Exchange Rates” at http://www.oanda.com/currency/historical-rates/.
|
We did not hedge our currency risk during
the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 and at March 31, 2018, we had no open forward currency contracts. We continually
review our hedging strategy and there can be no assurance that hedging techniques we may implement will be successful or will not
result in charges to our results of operations.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
For the year ended March 31, 2018, net cash
provided by operating activities totaled $5,699,000, including net income of $6,190,000 and depreciation and amortization expenses
of $2,138,000. For the year ended March 31, 2017, net cash used in operations totaled $1,082,00, including a net income of $1,376,000
and depreciation and amortization expenses of $2,135,000. Accounts receivable increased by $2,079,000 as compared to balances at
March 31, 2017, primarily as a result of an increase in sales during the fiscal year. Inventories increased by $2,541,000 over
levels at March 31, 2017, mainly because of relatively higher level of raw materials and work-in-process maintained during the
fiscal year to cope with increased sales turnover. Accounts payable increased by $3,444,000 over levels at March 31, 2017, primarily
because of the increase in materials purchases.
Net cash from investing activities amounted to $2,527,000 for
the year ended March 31, 2018, while net cash used in investing activities in fiscal year 2017 amounted to $280,000. Capital expenditures
during these periods totaled $1,707,000 and $2,152,000 respectively.
In fiscal 2018, there was a release in fixed deposits over three
months of $3,232,000 and an increase in fixed deposits over twelve months of $227,000. Also during fiscal year 2018, we acquired
marketable securities for $5,357,000 and received $6,580,000 in cash proceeds from the sale of marketable securities.
Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended March
31, 2018 was $1,112,000, which was solely used to fund dividend payments to shareholders. Net cash used in financing activities
for the year ended March 31, 2017 was $2,556,000, which was used to fund dividend payments to shareholders and repurchase certain
of the Company’s common stock for $308,000.
As a consequence of the fixed exchange rate between the Hong
Kong dollar and the U.S. dollar, interest rates on Hong Kong dollar borrowings are similar to U.S. interest rates. The Hong Kong
Prime Rate at March 31, 2018 remained at 5.0%, the same rate it was at March 31, 2017 and at March 31, 2016.
At March 31, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents
of $15,192,000. At that date, the Company had no committed credit facilities. The Company expects that working
capital requirements and capital additions will continue to be funded through cash on hand and internally generated funds. However,
the Company may choose to obtain additional debt or equity financing if it believes it to be appropriate and available on reasonable
terms. The Company’s working capital requirements are expected to increase in line with the growth in the Company’s
business.
At March 31, 2018, the Company had capital commitments totaling
approximately $175,000, mainly for leasehold improvements, which are expected to be disbursed during the year ending March 31,
2019.
A summary of our contractual obligations
and commercial commitments as of March 31, 2018 is as follows:
|
|
Payments due by period (in thousands)
|
Contractual obligations
|
|
Total
|
|
Year ending March
31, 2019
|
|
Period from April 1,
2019 to March 31,
2021
|
|
Period from April 1,
2021 to March 31,
2023
|
|
Period After
March 31, 2023
|
Long-term bank borrowing
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Capital (finance) lease obligations
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Operating lease payments
|
|
|
|
$
|
112
|
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Capital commitment
|
|
|
|
$
|
175
|
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Other purchase obligations
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,154
|
|
|
|
8,154
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Other long-term liabilities reflected on Company’s balance sheet under US GAAP
|
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Total
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,441
|
|
|
$
|
8,384
|
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
$
|
—
|
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not use off-balance sheet financing
arrangements, such as securitization of receivables or obtaining access to assets through special purpose entities.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial
statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management
to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related
disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions based upon historical
experience and various other factors and circumstances. Management believes that our estimates and assumptions are reasonable under
the circumstances; however, actual results may vary from these estimates and assumptions under different future circumstances.
For more information on our significant accounting policies, refer to Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included
in Part III,
Item
18, in this Report.
We have identified the following most critical
accounting policies, that involved a high degree of judgments and estimates, used in the preparation of our consolidated financial
statements:
Inventories
Our inventories are stated at the lower of
cost or market. Cost is determined on the weighted average basis. Work-in-progress and finished goods inventories consist of raw
materials, direct labor and overhead associated with the manufacturing process. The Company periodically performs an analysis of
inventory to determine obsolete or slow-moving inventory and determine if its cost exceeds the estimated market value. Write down
of potentially obsolete or slow-moving inventory are recorded based on management’s analysis of inventory levels.
Impairment of long-lived assets
Our long-lived assets are included in
impairment evaluations when events and circumstances exist that indicate the carrying value of these assets may not be
recoverable. In accordance with ASC No. 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment,” the Company assesses the
recoverability of the carrying value of long-lived assets by first grouping its long-lived assets with other assets and
liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and
liabilities (the asset group) and, secondly, estimating the undiscounted future cash flows that are directly associated with
and expected to arise from the use of and eventual disposition of such asset group. The Company estimates the undiscounted
cash flows over the remaining useful life of the primary asset within the asset group. If the carrying value of the asset
group exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows, the Company records an impairment charge to the extent the carrying
value of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value. The Company determines fair value through quoted market prices in
active markets or, if quotations of market prices are unavailable, through the performance of internal analysis using a
discounted cash flow methodology. The undiscounted and discounted cash flow analyses based on a number of estimates and
assumptions, including the expected period over which the asset will be utilized, projected future operating results of the
asset group, discount rate and long-term growth rate.
Each year, in evaluation of undiscounted
cash flows associated with long-lived assets, the Company assesses whether its long-lived assets at the reporting date are less
than the fair value and the sum of undiscounted cash flows. Based on its assessment, the Company did not impair the carrying values
of long-lived assets for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018. In fiscal 2018, there were no impairment charges on the
carrying values of long-lived assets based on management’s assessment and review.
Allowance for doubtful accounts
The Company regularly monitors and assesses
the risk of not collecting amounts owed to the Company by customers. This evaluation is based upon a variety of factors including:
ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition, an analysis of amounts current and past due along with
relevant history and facts particular to the customer. Based upon the results of this analysis, the Company records an allowance
for uncollectible accounts for this risk. This analysis requires the Company to make significant estimates, and changes in facts
and circumstances could result in material changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts. Unanticipated changes in the liquidity
or financial position of the Company’s customers may require additional provisions for doubtful accounts.
Goodwill
The excess purchase price over the fair value
of net assets acquired is recorded on the balance sheet as goodwill. The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)
No. 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” which requires the carrying value of goodwill to be evaluated for
impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. The Company regularly conducts annual impairment
evaluation. The impairment test requires the Company to estimate the fair value of our reporting units. If the carrying value of
a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and the Company proceeds to
step two of the impairment analysis. In the second step, the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill is determined
by allocating the reporting unit’s fair value to all of its assets and liabilities other than goodwill (including any unrecognized
intangible assets) in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation. The resulting implied fair value of the goodwill that results
from the application of the second step is then compared to the carrying amount of the goodwill and an impairment charge is recorded
for the difference. The assumptions used in the estimate of fair value are generally consistent with the past performance of each
reporting unit and are consistent with the projections and assumptions that are used in current operating plans. Such assumptions
are subject to change as a result of changing economic and competitive conditions.
Based on the result of the first step of
the goodwill impairment analysis, the Company determined that the fair value of electronic division was less than its carrying
value as of March 31, 2014 and, as such, the Company applied the second step of the goodwill impairment test to this segment. Based
on the result of the second step of the goodwill impairment test, the Company recorded a $392,000 impairment charge to reduce the
carrying value of
goodwill in electronic division for the year ended March 31, 2014. The entire goodwill was fully impaired and,
during fiscal years 2016, 2017 and 2018, there were no impairment charges on goodwill after management’s assessment and review.
Item
6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
Directors and Senior Management
The directors and executive officers of the
Company at June 30, 2018 are as follows:
Name
|
|
Age
|
|
Position(s) with Company
|
Richard Pui Hon Lau
|
|
74
|
|
Chairman of the Board of Directors
|
Edward So Kin Chung
|
|
45
|
|
Chief Executive Officer
|
Chin Pang Li
|
|
73
|
|
Executive Director of Manufacturing and Administration for Plastic Operations and Member of the Board of Directors
|
Hung-Hum Leung
|
|
72
|
|
Non-Executive Director and Member of Audit Committee
|
Allen Yau-Nam Cham
|
|
71
|
|
Non-Executive Director and Chairman of Audit Committee
|
Wing-Ki Hui
|
|
74
|
|
Non-Executive Director and Member of Audit Committee
|
Herman Wong Chi Wah
|
|
40
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
Richard Pui Hon Lau
. Mr. Lau served
as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and its predecessors since their inception in
1987 until February 2007, at which time he retired as Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Lau remains as Chairman of the Board.
Edward So Kin Chung
.
Mr. So has been in the electronic manufacturing industry internationally and in China for more than 19 years and has been with
Deswell for 12 years. He was previously appointed the Managing Director of the electronics division. Previously, Mr. So spent five
years at Peavey Electronics in increasing roles of responsibility and prior to that was employed at HSBC. Mr. So holds a Bachelor’s
degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from the University of Hong Kong, and Master’s in Business Administration
from Royal Holloway, University of London.
Chin Pang Li
.
Mr. Li has served the Company as a Member of the Board of Directors and in various executive capacities with the Company
and its predecessors since their inception in 1987. He became Secretary of the Company in February 1995 and Chief Financial Officer
in May 1995, a position which he held until March 31, 2006. As Executive Director of Manufacturing and Administration for Plastic
Operations, Mr. Li is in charge of the manufacturing and administrative operations for the Company’s plastic products. Mr.
Li received his Bachelor of Science degree from Chun Yan Institute College, Taiwan in 1967.
Hung-Hum Leung
.
Mr. Leung has been a non-executive director of the Company and member of the Audit Committee since December 1999. Mr. Leung
has over 25 years of experience in the manufacture of electronic products. Mr. Leung was the founder of Sharp Brave Holdings Ltd.
(since 2007 known as China Properties Investment Holdings Limited), a Hong Kong public company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange,
and from 1991 to 1995 served as the Chairman of Sharp Brave Holdings Ltd. Since 1995, Mr. Leung has been an independent consultant
to the electronics industry. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from the National Taiwan University in 1971.
Allen Yau-Nam Cham
. Mr. Cham has been
a non-executive director of the Company and member of the Audit Committee since August 2003. He has over 20 years of experience
in the securities industry. He obtained his Bachelor of Science degree from St. Mary’s University, Halifax, Canada, Bachelor
of Engineering (Electrical) degree from Nova Scotia Technical College, Halifax, Canada and Master of Business Administration degree
from University of British Columbia, Canada.
Wing-Ki Hui
.
Mr. Hui has been a non-executive director of the Company and member of the Audit Committee since October 2004. Since
1995 he has been the Operation Director of the Electronic Products Division of Tomorrow International Holdings Limited, a company
listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange engaged in manufacturing of consumer electronics and printed circuit boards. Prior to serving
in this capacity, Mr. Hui was Executive Director of Sharp Brave International Holdings Limited from 1991 to 1995 and Director of
Sharp Brave Electronics Co., Ltd. from 1984 to 1995. Mr. Hui possesses over 20 years of experience in the electronic manufacturing
industry, and is a graduate of South East Electronic College in Hong Kong.
Herman Wong Chi Wah
. Mr. Wong joined the Company as
Chief Financial Officer effective on April 1, 2011. During the 10 years immediately before joining Deswell, Mr. Wong worked
for Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, an international public accounting and auditing firm, where he most recently served as senior
manager. During his tenure at Deloitte Touch Tohmatsu, he worked in an auditing capacity with a variety of Hong Kong
listed companies and multinational corporations as well as working on several initial public offerings for Hong Kong listed
companies. Mr. Wong received his Bachelor of Business Administration in Accounting from Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
No family relationship exists among any of
the named directors, executive officers or key employees. No arrangement or understanding exists between any director or officer
and any other persons pursuant to which any director or executive officer was elected as a director or executive officer of the
Company.
There are no arrangements or understandings with major shareholders,
customers, suppliers or others, pursuant to which any member of the board of directors or senior management was selected as a director
or member of senior management.
Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers
Executive Officers
The amount of compensation (cash benefits)
paid by the Company and its subsidiaries was approximately $1,343,000 during the year ended March 31, 2018 to all directors and
to executive officers as a group for services in all service capacities. These amounts exclude amounts paid by the Company or
its subsidiaries as dividends to directors and executive officers in their capacity as shareholders of the Company for the year
ended March 31, 2018.
During the year ended March 31, 2018, no
options to purchase shares of common stock were granted to the Company’s directors and officers.
See the discussion under “We depend
on our executive officers, senior managers and skilled personnel.” in
Item
3 “Key Information – Risk Factors” on page 17 of this Report.
Directors
Our policy is to pay directors who are not
employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries $2,000 per month for services as a director, and to reimburse directors for
all reasonable expenses incurred in connection with their services as a director and member of Board committees.
The Board has determined that Messrs. Hung-Hum
Leung, Allen Yau-Nam Cham and Wing-Ki Hui are each “independent” within the meaning of Rule 5605(a) (2) of the NASDAQ
Marketplace Rules.
Board Practices
The directors of the Company are elected
at its annual meeting of shareholders and serve until their successors take office or until their death, resignation or removal.
The executive officers serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors of the Company
.
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee meets from time to time
to review the financial statements and matters relating to the audit and has full access to management and the Company’s
auditors in this regard. The Audit Committee recommends the engagement or discharge of the Company’s independent accountants,
consults on the adequacy of the Company’s internal controls and accounting procedures, and reviews and approves financial
statements and reports. Deswell’s audit committee consists of Messrs. Hung-Hum Leung, Allen Yau-Nam Cham and Wing-Ki Hui,
each of whom is an independent director within the meaning of that term under Rule 5605(a)(2) of the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules.
Mr. Allen Yau-Nam Cham currently acts as the Chairman of the Audit Committee.
Other Committees; NASDAQ Compliance
Various corporate governance practices required
of U.S. domestic public companies with securities listed on The NASDAQ Stock Market are not required of foreign private issuers
such as Deswell if such issuers follow their home country practice. Of the corporate governance practices required under NASDAQ’s
MarketPlace Rules of U.S. domestic public companies, Deswell follows home country practices and does not have a compensation committee
or a nominating committee consisting of independent directors; does not have nominees to its board selected or recommended by a
majority of its independent directors; does not have the compensation of its Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers
determined or recommended to the board by a majority of its independent directors; and Deswell’s independent directors do
not meet in executive session. See “Our exemptions
from certain of the reporting requirements under the
Exchange Act limits the protections and information afforded to investors” on page 19 in the Risk Factors section of
this Report for a further discussion of how our SEC reporting and corporate governance practices differ from those applicable
to U.S. domestic issuers and U.S. NASDAQ-listed companies. The reason that Deswell does not have a compensation committee or
a nominating committee consisting of independent directors is that, as a foreign private issuer, the Company is permitted
under NASDAQ’s MarketPlace Rules to follow its home country practice, which does not require such committees, and
nevertheless maintain the listing of its common shares on the NASDAQ Global Market.
Employees
At March 31, 2018, the Company employed
1,338 persons on a full-time basis, of which ten were located in Macao and 1,328 were located in or travel to and from China.
Of the Company’s employees in China, at March 31, 2018:
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·
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809 were engaged in plastic injection molding manufacturing, and
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·
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519 were engaged in contract electronic manufacturing.
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The Company has not experienced significant
labor stoppages. Management believes that relations with the Company’s employees are satisfactory.
Share and Option Ownership of Directors and Senior Management
For information concerning the beneficial
ownership of the Company’s common shares, including options, by directors and senior management and major shareholders, see
Item
7 of this Report.
Employee Stock Option Plans
In 1995, the Company adopted its 1995 Stock
Option Plan permitting the Company to grant options to purchase up to 1,012,500 common shares to employees, officers, directors
and consultants of the Company. On September 29, 1997, the Company’s Board of Directors and shareholders approved an increase
of 549,000 shares in the number of shares that can be optioned and sold under the Option Plan bringing to a total of 1,561,500
shares the number of common shares that can be optioned and sold under the 1995 Stock Option Plan. No shares remain available for
grant under the Company’s 1995 Stock Option Plan.
On August 15, 2001 the Board approved the
adoption of the 2001 Stock Option Plan permitting the Company to grant options to purchase up to an additional 1,125,000 common
shares to employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company. On January 7, 2002 shareholders approved the 2001 plan.
On August 20, 2003, the Board approved the
adoption of the 2003 Stock Option Plan permitting the Company to grant options to purchase up to an additional 900,000 common shares
to employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors of the Company. On September 30, 2003 shareholders approved the 2003
plan. On August 1, 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors, subject to shareholder approval, approved amendments to the 2003
Stock Option to increase by 500,000 shares in the number of shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan,
bringing to a total of 1,400,000 shares the number of common shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan.
The Company’s shareholders approved this amendment at the Company’s Annual Shareholders’ Meeting held on September
19, 2005.
On August 17, 2007, the Company’s Board
of Directors, subject to shareholder approval, approved amendments to the 2003 Stock Option to increase by 400,000 shares in the
number of shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan, bringing to a total of 1,800,000 shares the number
of common shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan. The Company’s shareholders approved this
amendment at the Company’s Annual Shareholders’ Meeting held on October 9, 2007.
On August 13, 2010, the Company’s Board
of Directors, subject to shareholder approval, approved amendments to the 2003 Stock Option Plan to increase by 800,000 shares
in the number of shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan, bringing to a total of 2,600,000 shares
the number of common shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan. The Company’s shareholders approved
this amendment at the Company’s Annual shareholders’ Meeting held on September 16, 2010.
On August 7, 2013, the Company’s Board
of Directors, subject to shareholder approval, approved amendments to the 2003 Stock Option Plan to increase by 900,000 shares
the number of shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan, bringing to a total of 3,500,000 shares the
number of common shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan. The Company’s shareholders approved
this amendment at the Company’s Annual shareholders’ Meeting held on September 11, 2013.
The Company’s option plans are administered
by the Board of Directors, which determines the terms of options granted, including the exercise price, the number of shares subject
to the option and the option’s exercisability. The exercise price of all options granted under the option plans must be at
least equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of grant. The maximum term of options granted under the option
plans is 10 years.
Through June 30, 2018, options to purchase
an aggregate of 5,669,000 shares had been granted under all of Deswell’s option plans. At June 30, 2018, there were options
to purchase an aggregate of 506,000 common shares outstanding, and 1,262,000 shares were available for future grant under Deswell’s
option plans.
Item
7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Major Shareholders
The Company is not directly owned or controlled
by another corporation or by any foreign government. The following table sets forth, as of June 30, 2018, the beneficial ownership
of the Company’s common shares by each person known by the Company to beneficially own 5% or more of the common shares of
the Company and by each of the Directors and Senior Management of the Company who beneficially own in excess of one percent of
the Company’s common shares.
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Shares beneficially owned
(1)
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Name of beneficial owner or identity of group
|
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Amount
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Percent
|
Richard Pui Hon Lau
|
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7,561,283
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(2)
|
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47.0
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Chin Pang Li
|
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1,625,750
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(3)
|
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10.1
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Herman Wong Chi Wah
|
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50,000
|
(4)
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*
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Edward So Kin Chung
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50,000
|
(5)
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*
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Hung-Hum Leung
|
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—
|
|
|
|
—
|
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Allen Yau-Nam Cham
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
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Wing-Ki Hui
|
|
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—
|
|
|
|
—
|
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* Less than 1%.
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(1)
|
Based on 15,885,239 shares outstanding on June 30, 2018. However, in accordance with Rule 13d-3(d)(1) under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, shares not outstanding but which are the subject of currently exercisable options have been considered outstanding
for the purpose of computing the percentage of outstanding shares owned by the listed person holding such options, but are not
considered outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage of shares owned by any of the other listed persons.
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(2)
|
Consists of 7,361,283 shares held of record by Mr. Lau and options to purchase 200,000 shares granted to Mr. Lau under the
Company’s stock option plans. Mr. Lau’s options are exercisable at an exercise price of $2.09 per share, with a term
expiring on July 29, 2024.
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(3)
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Consists of 1,425,750 shares held of record by Mr. Li and options to purchase 200,000 shares granted to Mr. Li under the Company’s
stock option plans. Mr. Li’s options are exercisable at an exercise price of $2.09 per share, with a term expiring on July
29, 2024.
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(4)
|
Consists of 30,000 shares held of record by Mr. Wong and options to purchase 20,000 shares granted to Mr. Wong under the Company’s
stock option plans. Mr. Wong’s options are exercisable at an exercise price of $2.14 per share, with a term expiring on March
7, 2022.
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(5)
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Consists of 50,000 shares held of record by Mr. So.
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Change in the Percentage Ownership Held by Major Shareholders
The following table reflects the percentage
of beneficial ownership of Deswell’s common shares by its major (five percent or more) shareholders during the past three
years:
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Percentage Ownership at June 30,
(1)
|
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2016
|
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2017
|
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2018
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Richard Pui Hon Lau
|
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34.0
|
|
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41.4
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47.0
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Chin Pang Li
|
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10.0
|
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10.1
|
|
|
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10.1
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_____________
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(1)
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Based on 16,056,239 outstanding at June 30, 2016, and 15,885,239 shares outstanding at June 30, 2017 and at June 30, 2018.
In accordance with Rule 13d-3(d) (1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, common shares not outstanding at the specified
date but which were the subject of options exercisable within 60 days of the specified date are considered
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outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage of outstanding common shares owned
by the listed person holding such options, but are not considered outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage of
common shares owned by any of the other listed persons.
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All of the holders of the Company’s
common shares (including Deswell’s major shareholders) have equal voting rights with respect to the common shares held. As
of June 30, 2018, approximately 10 holders of record, who, management believes, held for more than 3,000 beneficial owners, held
Deswell’s common shares. According to information supplied to the Company by its transfer agent, at June 30, 2018, 10 holders
of record with addresses in the United States held approximately 12.7 million of our outstanding common shares.
Related Party Transactions
Deswell had no transactions of the kind specified
in
Item
7.B. of Form 20-F from April 1, 2015 through June 30, 2018, the latest practical
date prior to filing of this Annual Report.
Since Deswell completed its initial public
offering in the United States, it has been Deswell’s policy that all transactions between Deswell and any interested director
or executive officer be approved by a majority of the disinterested directors and be on terms that are no more favorable than would
be available from an independent third party.
Item
8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Financial Statements
Our Consolidated Financial Statements are
set forth under
Item
18 “Financial Statements.”
Legal Proceedings
The Company is not involved in any material
legal proceedings.
Export Sales
Information regarding our export sales is
provided in
Item
4 “Information on the Company – Business Overview –
Customers and Marketing.”
Dividend Policy
The Company declared and paid dividends during
the year ended March 31,
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2016 aggregating $1,685,905, $561,968 of which was based on results for
the last quarter of the year ended March 31, 2015, and $1,123,937 of which was based on results for the first two quarters of the
year ended March 31, 2016; and
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2017 aggregating $2,247,873, $1,123,937 of which was based on results for
the last two quarters of the year ended March 31, 2016, and $1,123,937 of which was based on results for the first six months of
the year ended March 31, 2017;
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·
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2018 aggregating $1,111,967 which was based on results for the last six
months of the year ended March 31, 2017;
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The Company declared a dividend of $0.04
on June 12, 2018, which was based on the results of the last six months of the year ended March 31, 2018. The dividend was paid
on July 12, 2018.
The Company’s financial results are
released semi-annually. The Company expects to pay cash dividends on a semi-annual basis based on the Company’s six-month
results. Whether future dividends will be declared will depend upon the Company’s future growth and earnings, of which there
can be no assurance, and the Company’s cash flow needs for future development, which growth, earning or cash flow needs may
be adversely affected by one or more of the factors discussed in
Item
3 “Key
Information — Risk Factors.” Accordingly, there can be no assurance that future cash dividends on the Company’s
common shares will be declared, what the amounts of such dividends will be or whether such dividends, once declared for a specific
period will continue for any future period or at all.
Item
9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
The Company’s shares are traded exclusively
on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “DSWL.”
The following chart shows the annual high
and low market prices as reported by The NASDAQ Global Market for each of Deswell’s fiscal years in the five-year period
ended March 31, 2018:
The following chart shows the high and low
market prices as reported by the NASDAQ Global Market for each of the quarters in the two-year period ended March 31, 2018 and
for the quarter ended June 30, 2018:
The following chart shows the high and low
market prices as reported by the NASDAQ Global Market during each of the months in the six-month period ended June 30, 2018:
Item
10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Memorandum and Articles of Association
Effective December 13, 2007, we amended and
restated our Memorandum and Articles of Association (collectively the “2007 Charter”), the instruments governing a
company organized under the law of the BVI, which are comparable in purpose and effect to certificates or articles of incorporation
and bylaws of corporations organized in a state of the United States.
Effective March 26, 2010, we amended Regulation
6.15 of our Articles of Association to reduce the number of our outstanding common shares that must be present in person or by
proxy in order to hold any meeting of shareholders from no less than 50 percent to no less than 33⅓ percent and on March
30, 2010 an amended and restated Memorandum and Articles of Association was registered which incorporated the March 26, 2010 amendment
into a restated Memorandum and Articles of Association.
Under our 2007 Charter, as amended through
March 26, 2010 and applicable to the date of this Report (“our Charter”):
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our shares are eligible for a direct registration system operated by a securities
depository in accordance with NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 5210(c) (formerly Rule 4350(1)).
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various consequential amendments were made to our Memorandum and Articles
of Association in accordance with the advice from our U.S. and BVI counsel so as to (a) be consistent with the BVI Business Companies
Act, 2004, as amended (the Act), the Act having come into force on January 1, 2004 superseding in certain respects
the International Business Companies Act, 1984, the relevant legislation which had previously governed us and (b) to make conforming
changes resulting from the transition of the NASDAQ Stock Markets operations on August 1, 2006 to that of a national securities
exchange in the United States.
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·
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certain special provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association
that we adopted in preparation for our initial public offering of securities in the United States.
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·
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provisions were added in recognition of, and to assure compliance with,
certain laws, rules and regulations of the United States applicable to us, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and the Marketplace
Rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market.
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o
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are entitled to one vote for each whole share on all
matters to be voted upon by
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shareholders, including the election of directors.
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o
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do not to have cumulative voting rights in the election
of directors.
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o
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are entitled to receive dividends if and when declared
by our board of directors out of funds legally available under BVI law.
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·
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all of common shares are equal to each other with respect to liquidation
and dividend rights.
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in the event of our liquidation, all assets available for distribution to
the holders of our common shares are distributable among them according to their respective holdings.
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Objects and Purposes
Our objects and purposes are described in
Clause 5 of our Memorandum of Association and are generally to engage in any act or activity that is not prohibited under the laws
of the BVI.
Directors
Our Articles of Association (Regulation 12.4)
provides that except as otherwise provided in the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (No. 16 of 2004) – the BVI corporate law
that governs BVI companies like Deswell – no agreement or transaction between the Company and one or more of its directors
or any person in which any director has a financial interest or to whom any director is related, including as a director of that
other person, is void or voidable for this reason only or by reason only that the director is present at the meeting of directors
or at the meeting of the committee of directors that approves the agreement or transaction or that the vote or consent of the director
is counted for that purpose if the material facts of the interest of each director in the agreement or transaction and his interest
in or relationship to any other party to the agreement or transaction are disclosed in good faith or are known by the other directors
and such agreement or transaction has been approved by the irrevocable vote of a majority of the Company’s directors, including
at least one Independent Director. In addition, the favorable vote of a majority of the directors, including at least one Independent
Director, shall be required to approve any transaction or agreement between the Company and any officer of the Company or any person
or entity holding ten percent or more of the outstanding Shares.
Our Articles of Association (Regulation 7.11)
provide that the directors may by a resolution of directors, fix the emoluments of directors with respect to services to be rendered
in any capacity to the Company.
BVI law and our Articles of Association provide
that the management of the business and the control of Deswell shall be vested in the directors, who in addition to the powers
and authorities expressly conferred by the Articles of Association, may also exercise all such powers, and do all such acts and
things, as may be done by Deswell and are not by the Articles of Association or BVI law expressly directed or required to be exercised
or done by a meeting of shareholders. Our Articles of Association provide that the directors may by resolution exercise all the
powers of Deswell to borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertakings and property or any part thereof, to issue debentures,
debenture stock and other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of Deswell
or of any third party.
BVI law and our Memorandum of Association
and Articles of Association do not contain an age limit requirement for our directors. Under our Articles of Association, no shares
are required for director’s qualification.
Rights, Preferences and Restrictions of Authorized and
Outstanding Shares and Changes to Rights of Shareholders
Deswell has one class and series of shares
authorized or outstanding: common shares, no par value per share. Our authorized capital consists of 30,000,000 common shares,
no par value per share, of which 15,885,239 common shares were outstanding on June 30, 2018.
Holders of our common shares are entitled
to one vote for each whole share on all matters to be voted upon by shareholders, including the election of directors. Holders
of our common shares do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. All of our common shares are equal to each
other with respect to liquidation and dividend rights. Holders of our common shares are entitled to receive dividends if and when
declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available under BVI law. In the event of our liquidation, all assets available
for distribution to the holders of our common shares are distributable among them according to their respective holdings. Holders
of our common shares have no preemptive rights to purchase any additional, unissued common shares. There are no provisions of the
Articles of Association or Memorandum of Association that impose conditions with respect to changes in Deswell capital that are
more stringent than is required by applicable law.
Calling Annual General Meetings and Extraordinary General
Meetings of Shareholders
BVI law does not require a company, such
as Deswell, to have an annual meeting. Our Articles of Association do, however, require an annual meeting of shareholders for the
election of directors and for such other business as may come before the meeting (Regulation 6.3).
Under BVI law, unless otherwise provided
by a company’s Memorandum of Association or Articles of Association, the directors may call meetings of shareholders at any
time (Regulation 6.1) and, upon the written request of shareholders entitled to exercise ten percent or more of the voting rights
in respect of the matter for which the meeting is requested, the directors shall convene a meeting of shareholders (Regulation
6.2).
BVI law and our Articles of Association state
that the directors may fix the date that notice is given of a meeting of shareholders, whether extraordinary or annual, as the
record date for determining those shares that are entitled to vote at the meeting (Regulation 6.5).
BVI law and our Articles of Association provide
that notice of all meetings of shareholders, stating the time, place and purposes thereof, shall be given not fewer than seven
days before the date of the proposed meeting to those persons whose names appear as shareholders in our share register on the date
of the notice and are entitled to vote at the meeting (Regulation 6.8).
Limitations on Share Ownership
BVI law and our Memorandum of Association
and Articles of Association do not impose any limitations on the right of anyone to own, hold or exercise voting rights to our
common shares.
Potential Anti-Takeover Deterrence
Neither our Articles of Association nor Memorandum
of Association contain provisions that would have an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of Deswell
and that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring involving Deswell or any of its subsidiaries.
However, pursuant to our Memorandum and Articles of Association and pursuant to the laws of the BVI, our board of directors without
shareholder approval may amend our Memorandum and Articles of Association, which could have the effect of changing the rights of
shareholders, provided that a majority of our independent directors do not vote against the amendment and provided further that
our directors may not make an amendment:
(a) to
restrict the rights or powers of the shareholders to amend the Memorandum or the Articles;
(b) to
change the percentage of shareholders required to pass a Resolution of Shareholders to amend the Memorandum or the Articles;
(c) where
the Memorandum or the Articles cannot be amended by the Shareholders;
(d) change
Clause 7 of our Articles of Association conferring the rights of our shareholders to one vote per share, the right to equal share
in dividend paid by the company, or to surplus assets on liquidation; or
(e) change
Clause 9 of our Articles of Association which sets forth rights of our shareholders and directors to amend our Memorandum and Articles
of Association.
Our directors’ ability to amend our
Memorandum and Articles of Association, without shareholder approval in certain circumstances, could have the effect of delaying,
deterring or preventing a change in control of Deswell, including a tender offer to purchase our common shares at a premium over
the then current market price.
Ownership Information
Neither our Articles of Association nor Memorandum
of Association provide that information about our shareholders, even those owning significant percentages of our shares, must be
disclosed publicly.
Differences from United States Law
The laws of the BVI governing the provisions
of our Articles of Association and Memorandum of Association discussed above are not significantly different than the laws governing
similar provisions in the charter documents of Delaware companies, other than with respect to amending our Memorandum of Association
without shareholder approval and with respect to potential anti-takeover deterrence. Delaware law requires shareholders to approve
any amendments to a corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation and contains provisions restricting a Delaware corporation’s
rights to engage in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction
in which the person became an interested stockholder unless the business combination is approved in the manner prescribed under
Delaware law.
Material Contracts
During the two years immediately preceding
the filing of this Report, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries entered into any material contract, other than contracts
in the ordinary course of business.
Taxation
United States Federal Income Tax Consequences
The discussion below is for general information
only and is not, and should not be interpreted to be, tax advice to any holder of our common shares. Each holder or a prospective
holder of our common shares is urged to consult his, her or its own tax advisor.
General
This section is a general summary of the
material United States federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders, as defined below, of the ownership and disposition of our
common shares as of the date of this Report. This summary is based on the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended,
or the Code, the applicable Treasury regulations promulgated and proposed thereunder, judicial decisions and current administrative
rulings and practice, all of which are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. The summary applies to you only if you
hold our common shares as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code. In addition, this summary generally addresses
certain U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders if we were to be classified as a PFIC. The United States Internal
Revenue Service, or the IRS, may challenge the tax consequences described below, and we have not requested, nor will we request,
a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of counsel with respect to the United States federal income tax consequences of acquiring,
holding or disposing of our common shares. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all the tax considerations
that may be relevant to the ownership of our common shares. In particular, the discussion below does not cover tax consequences
that depend upon your particular tax circumstances nor does it cover any state, local or foreign law, or the possible application
of the United States federal estate or gift tax. You are urged to consult your own tax advisors regarding the application of the
United States federal income tax laws to your particular situation as well as any state, local, foreign and United States federal
estate and gift tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of the common shares. In addition, this summary does not take
into account any special United States federal income tax rules that apply to a particular U.S. or Non-U.S. holder of our common
shares, including, without limitation, the following:
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a dealer in securities or currencies;
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a trader in securities that elects to use a market-to-market method of accounting
for its securities holdings;
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a financial institution or a bank;
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·
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a tax-exempt organization;
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|
·
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a person that holds our common shares in a hedging transaction or as part
of a straddle or a conversion transaction;
|
|
·
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a person whose functional currency for United States federal income tax
purposes is not the U.S. dollar;
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|
·
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a person liable for alternative minimum tax;
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·
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a person that owns, or is treated as owning, 10% or more, by voting power
or value, of our common shares;
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·
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certain former U.S. citizens and residents who have expatriated; or
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·
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a person who receives our shares pursuant to the exercise of employee stock
options or otherwise as compensation.
|
U.S. Holders
For purposes of the discussion below, you
are a “U.S. Holder” if you are a beneficial owner of our common shares who or which is:
|
·
|
an individual United States citizen or resident alien of the United States
(as specifically defined for United States federal income tax purposes);
|
|
·
|
a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for United States
federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any State or the District of Columbia;
|
|
·
|
an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless
of its source; or
|
|
·
|
a trust (x) if a United States court can exercise primary supervision over
the trusts administration and one or more United States persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the
trust or (y) if it was in existence on August 20, 1996, was treated as a United States person prior to that date and has a valid
election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.
|
If a partnership holds our common shares,
the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership.
If you are a partner of a partnership holding our common shares, you should consult your tax advisor.
Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC)
A U.S. Holder generally will be subject to
a special tax regime if we are a PFIC at any time during which such Holder has held our shares.
A foreign corporation will be treated as
a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes if, after applying relevant look-through rules with respect to the income
and assets of its subsidiaries, 75% or more of its gross income consists of certain types of passive income (the “income
test”) or 50% or more of the gross value of its assets is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held
for the production of passive income (the “asset test”). For this purpose, passive income generally includes dividends,
interest, royalties, rents (other than rents and royalties derived in the active conduct of a trade or business), annuities and
gains from assets that produce passive income. An actual determination of PFIC status is factual in nature and cannot be made until
the close of the applicable tax year.
The legislative history of the PFIC provisions
states that Congress intended that “[i]n applying the PFIC asset test ….., the total value of a publicly-traded foreign
corporation’s assets generally will be treated as equal to the sum of the aggregate value of its outstanding stock plus its
liabilities.” There are currently no rules that provide any further guidance on this issue. Therefore, based on the average
ratio of our passive assets to our market cap plus our current liabilities (“Market Cap Value”) at the end of each
quarter (“Testing Quarter”) of our fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, we are a PFIC. We have not conducted an appraisal
of the fair market value of all of our assets, including our plant and equipment. However, in the absence of specific guidance,
it is at best unclear that such an appraisal, even if it resulted in a fair market value in excess of our market cap, would satisfy
the IRS as to our PFIC status.
As a result of the classification as a PFIC,
a special tax regime will apply to both (a) any “excess distribution” by us (generally, the U.S. Holder’s ratable
share of distributions in any year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received by such U.S. Holder
in the three preceding years or its holding period, if shorter) and (b) any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of
your common shares. Under the PFIC regime, any excess distribution and recognized gain will be treated as ordinary income. The
U.S. federal income tax on such ordinary income is determined under the following steps: (i) the amount of the excess distribution
or gain is allocated ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period for our common shares; (ii) tax is determined for amounts
allocated to the first year in the holding period in which we were classified as a PFIC and all subsequent years (except the year
in which the excess distribution was received or the sale occurred) by applying the highest applicable tax rate in effect in the
year to which the income was allocated; (iii) an interest charge is added to this tax calculated by applying the underpayment interest
rate to the tax for each year determined under the preceding sentence from the due date of the income tax return for such year
to the due date of the return for the year in which the excess distribution or sale occurs; and (iv) amounts allocated to a year
prior to the first year in the U.S. Holder’s holding period in which we were classified as a PFIC or to the year in which
the excess distribution or the disposition occurred are taxed as ordinary income and no interest charge applies. The interest charge
is non-deductible by individuals but is generally deductible by corporations
Under certain attribution rules, if we are
a PFIC, U.S. Holders will generally be deemed to own their proportionate share of our direct or indirect equity interest in any
company that is also a PFIC (a ‘‘Subsidiary PFIC’’), and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on
their proportionate share of (a) any “excess
distributions,” as described below,
on the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC and (b) a disposition or deemed disposition of the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC by us or another
Subsidiary PFIC, both as if such U.S. Holders directly held the shares of such Subsidiary PFIC. In addition, U.S. Holders may be
subject to U.S. federal income tax on any indirect gain realized on the stock of a Subsidiary PFIC on the sale or disposition of
our common shares held by such U.S. Holders. Accordingly, U.S. Holders should be aware that they could be subject to tax even if
no distributions are received and no redemptions or other dispositions of our common shares held by them are made.
A U.S. Holder may generally avoid the PFIC
regime by making a “qualified electing fund” election which generally provides that, in lieu of the foregoing treatment,
our earnings, on a pro rata basis, would be currently included in their gross income. However, we may be unable or unwilling to
provide information to our U.S. Holders that would enable them to make a “qualified electing fund” election; thus,
such election may not be available.
In addition, U.S. Holders may generally avoid
the PFIC regime by making the “mark-to-market” election with respect to our common shares as long as we are a PFIC
and our common shares are considered to be readily tradable on an established securities market within the United States. “Marking-to-market,”
in this context, means including in ordinary income each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of our common
shares over your tax adjusted basis in such common shares as of the end of each year. This “mark-to-market” election
generally enables a U.S. Holder to avoid the deferred interest charge that would otherwise be imposed on them if we were to be
classified as a PFIC. However, if we are a PFIC, such election will not be available for any of our Subsidiary PFIC because they
are not publicly traded, and those subsidiaries will continue to be subject to the PFIC rules described above.
If we are treated as a PFIC at any time that
you hold our shares but cease to be classified as a PFIC in a later year, we will continue to be classified as a PFIC with respect
to you unless you make a deemed sale election in a timely manner to be taxed as if you sold your shares on the last day of our
last year during which we were treated as a PFIC. In this case, you would pay tax on the gain on the deemed sale treated as ordinary
income and an interest charge, and no loss will be allowed to you. A timely deemed sale election can also be made with respect
to any of our Subsidiary PFIC, in which case you will be taxed on the amount of gain treated as ordinary income and pay an interest
charge as if the stock of such subsidiary had been actually sold or disposed of by us while we were a PFIC and you held our shares.
If we subsequently become a PFIC, you will again be subject to the general PFIC rules discussed herein.
If we are treated as a PFIC, each U.S. Holder
will be required to make an annual return on IRS Form 8621 or its successor, reporting, among other things, distributions received
and gain realized with respect to each PFIC in which such holder holds a direct or indirect interest, and may be required to provide
other information as specified by the IRS.
An actual determination of PFIC status is
highly factual in nature. Given the complexity of the issues that may result if we are classified as or become a PFIC, you are
urged to consult your own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences to you, including any reporting obligations that may
be imposed on you, in the event that this should occur, in view of your particular circumstances.
In addition, individuals, estates and certain
trusts whose income exceeds certain thresholds will be required to pay a 3.8% Medicare surtax on “net investment income”
including interest, dividends and capital gains. U.S. Holders should consult with their own tax advisors regarding the effect,
if any, of such tax on their ownership and disposition of our shares.
Non-U.S. Holders
If you are not a U.S. Holder, you are a “Non-U.S.
Holder.”
Distributions on Our Common Shares
You generally will not be subject to U.S.
federal income tax, including withholding tax, on distributions made on our common shares unless:
|
·
|
you conduct a trade or business in the United States and
|
|
·
|
the distributions are effectively connected with the conduct of that trade
or business (and, if an applicable income tax treaty so requires as a condition for you to be subject to U.S. federal income tax
on a net income basis in respect of income from our common shares, such distributions are attributable to a permanent establishment
that you maintain in the United States).
|
If you meet the two tests above, you generally
will be subject to tax in respect of such dividends in the same manner as a U.S. Holder, as described above. In addition, any effectively
connected dividends received by a non-U.S. corporation may also, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch
profits tax” at a 30 percent rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Our Common
Shares
Generally, you will not be subject to U.S.
federal income tax, including withholding tax, in respect of gain recognized on a sale or other taxable disposition of our common
shares unless:
|
·
|
your gain is effectively connected with a trade or business that you conduct
in the United States (and, if an applicable income tax treaty so requires as a condition for you to be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on a net income basis in respect of gain from the sale or other disposition of our common shares, such gain is attributable
to a permanent establishment maintained by you in the United States), or
|
|
·
|
you are an individual Non-U.S. Holder and are present in the United States
for at least 183 days in the taxable year of the sale or other disposition, and certain other conditions exist.
|
You will be subject to tax in respect of
any gain effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the United States generally in the same manner as a
U.S. Holder, as described above. Effectively connected gains realized by a non-U.S. corporation may also, under certain circumstances,
be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a rate of 30 percent or such lower rate as may be specified by
an applicable income tax treaty.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Payments, including dividends and proceeds
of sales, in respect of our common shares that are made in the United States or by a United States related financial intermediary
will be subject to United States information reporting rules. In addition, such payments may be subject to United States federal
backup withholding tax. You will not be subject to backup withholding provided that:
|
·
|
you are a corporation or other exempt recipient, or
|
|
·
|
you provide your correct United States federal taxpayer identification number
and certify, under penalties of perjury, that you are not subject to backup withholding.
|
Amounts withheld under the backup withholding
rules may be credited against your United States federal income tax, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld
under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS in a timely manner.
British Virgin Islands Tax Consequences
Under the BVI Companies Act, 2004 of the
BVI as currently in effect, a holder of common equity, such as our shares, who is not a resident of the BVI is exempt from BVI
income tax on dividends paid with respect to the common equity and all holders of common equity are not liable to the BVI for income
tax or capital gains tax on gains realized on sale or disposal of such shares. The BVI does not impose a withholding tax on dividends
paid by a company incorporated under the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004.
There are no capital gains, gift or inheritance
taxes levied by the BVI on companies, like the Company, which were originally incorporated under the IBCA Act. In addition, our
common shares are not subject to transfer taxes, stamp duties or similar charges. There is no income tax treaty or convention currently
in effect between the United States and the BVI.
Documents on Display
Deswell is subject to the information requirements
of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and, in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Deswell files annual reports
on Form 20-F within four months of its fiscal year end, and submits other reports and information under cover of Form 6-K with
the SEC. You may read and copy this information at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington DC, 20549.
Recent filings and reports are also available free of charge though the EDGAR electronic filing system at www.sec.gov. You can
also request copies of the documents, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the public reference section of the SEC.
Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the public reference room or accessing documents
through EDGAR.
As a foreign private issuer, Deswell is exempt
from the rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 prescribing the furnishing and content of
proxy statements to shareholders.
Exchange Controls
There are no exchange control restrictions
on payments of dividends on the Company’s common shares or on the conduct of the Company’s operations either in Macao,
where the Company’s principal executive offices are located, or the BVI, where the Company is incorporated. Other jurisdictions
in which the Company conducts operations may have various exchange controls. There are no material BVI laws which impose foreign
exchange controls on the Company or that affect the payment of dividends, interest or other payments to non-resident holders of
the Company’s common shares. BVI law and the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association impose no limitations
on the right of nonresident or foreign owners to hold the Company’s Securities or vote the Company’s common shares.
To the extent that the Company may decide
to pay cash dividends in the future, such dividends will be determined by resolution of the directors of the Company. The directors
may authorize a distribution by way of a dividend at a time and of an amount they think fit if they are satisfied, on reasonable
grounds, that, immediately after the distribution, the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the
Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due (i.e. a balance sheet and cash flow test). As the Company is a holding company,
the amount available for distribution will be limited by the amount of dividends that can be declared and paid to it by its subsidiaries.
Dividends declared by subsidiaries will be based on the profits reported in their statutory accounts prepared in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles in the relevant countries, primarily Macao and China, which differ from U.S. GAAP. To
date these controls, with the exception of a requirement that 10% of profits to be reserved for future developments and staff welfare
in China, have not had and are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial results.
Item
11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency Risk
At March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, the Company
had no open forward exchange contracts or option contracts. Cash and cash equivalents on hand at March 31, 2018 of $15,192,000
were held in the following currencies:
|
|
Equivalent U.S. Dollar Holdings
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
United States dollars
|
|
$
|
6,064
|
|
Chinese RMB
|
|
|
2,433
|
|
Hong Kong dollars
|
|
|
6,526
|
|
Macao dollars
|
|
|
139
|
|
Euro
|
|
|
4
|
|
Japanese yen
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
$
|
15,192
|
|
See discussion of Exchange Rate Fluctuation
in
Item
5 Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.
Interest Rate Risk
Our interest expenses and income are sensitive
to changes in interest rates, as all of our cash reserves and borrowings are subject to interest rate changes. Cash on hand of
$2,190,000 as of March 31, 2018 was invested in short-term interest bearing investments. As such, interest income will fluctuate
with changes in short term interest rates. As of March 31, 2018, we had neither long-term debt nor short-term bank loans outstanding
on our credit facilities.
Item
12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Disclosures under
Item
s
12A to 12D(2) of Form 20-F with respect to debt securities, warrants and rights, other securities, and American depository shares
are not required when Form 20-F is used as an annual report and, in any event, are not applicable to Deswell. Disclosures under
Item
s 12D(3) and 12D(4) of Form 20-F are required even when Form 20-F is used as
an annual report. Deswell has no American Depositary Receipts deposited or outstanding.
PART III
Item
17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Not Applicable to Deswell.
Item
18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following financial statements are filed
as part of this Report:
|
Page
|
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – BDO China Shu Lun Pan Certified Public Accountants LLP
|
F-1
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets
|
F-2
|
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|
F-3
|
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
|
F-4
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
|
F-5
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
F-6
|
All other schedules for which provisions
are made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related
instructions or are inapplicable, and therefore have been omitted.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of
Deswell Industries, Inc.
Opinion on the Consolidated
Financial Statements
We have audited the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Deswell Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of
March 31, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as
the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at March 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its
operations, and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2018, in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance
with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the
PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in
accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to
error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over
financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial
reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing
procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud,
and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the
amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ BDO China Shu Lun Pan Certified Public Accountants
LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor
since 2012.
Shenzhen, the
People’s
Republic of
China
July 13, 2018
DESWELL INDUSTRIES,
INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE
SHEETS
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
8,078
|
|
|
$
|
15,192
|
|
Time deposits maturing over three months
|
|
|
5,422
|
|
|
|
2,190
|
|
Time deposits maturing over twelve months – current portion
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
3,129
|
|
Marketable securities (note 3)
|
|
|
16,327
|
|
|
|
17,282
|
|
Accounts receivable, less allowances for doubtful accounts of $1,252 and $270 at March 31, 2017 and 2018, respectively
|
|
|
13,159
|
|
|
|
15,912
|
|
Inventories (note 4)
|
|
|
10,688
|
|
|
|
12,933
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (note 5)
|
|
|
2,419
|
|
|
|
2,267
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
56,093
|
|
|
|
68,905
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, net (note 6)
|
|
|
31,992
|
|
|
|
31,494
|
|
Time deposits maturing over twelve months
|
|
|
2,902
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Goodwill (note 2)
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
90,987
|
|
|
$
|
100,399
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$
|
5,152
|
|
|
$
|
8,596
|
|
Accrued payroll and employee benefits
|
|
|
4,643
|
|
|
|
5,566
|
|
Customer deposits
|
|
|
2,152
|
|
|
|
1,707
|
|
Other accrued liabilities (note 7)
|
|
|
1,474
|
|
|
|
1,873
|
|
Income taxes payable
|
|
|
476
|
|
|
|
603
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
$
|
13,897
|
|
|
$
|
18,345
|
|
Deferred income tax liabilities (note 8)
|
|
|
889
|
|
|
|
775
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
$
|
14,786
|
|
|
$
|
19,120
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments and contingencies (note 9)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders’ equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common shares nil par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares; 17,031,810 shares issued as of March 31, 2017 and 2018; 15,885,239 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and 2018
|
|
$
|
53,063
|
|
|
$
|
53,063
|
|
Treasury stock at cost; 1,146,571 and 1,146,571 shares as of March 31, 2017 and 2018 (note 12)
|
|
|
(2,821
|
)
|
|
|
(2,821
|
)
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
|
|
8,005
|
|
|
|
8,005
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
|
|
5,316
|
|
|
|
5,316
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
12,638
|
|
|
|
17,716
|
|
Total shareholders’ equity
|
|
|
76,201
|
|
|
|
81,279
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
|
|
$
|
90,987
|
|
|
|
100,399
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
DESWELL INDUSTRIES,
INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Net sales
|
|
$
|
44,568
|
|
|
$
|
44,522
|
|
|
$
|
60,667
|
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
39,775
|
|
|
|
37,073
|
|
|
|
50,953
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
4,793
|
|
|
|
7,449
|
|
|
|
9,714
|
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
9,119
|
|
|
|
8,856
|
|
|
|
8,806
|
|
Other (expenses) income, net (note 13)
|
|
|
(1,021
|
)
|
|
|
(696
|
)
|
|
|
894
|
|
Operating (loss) income
|
|
|
(5,347
|
)
|
|
|
(2,103
|
)
|
|
|
1,802
|
|
Non-operating income, net (note 14)
|
|
|
571
|
|
|
|
3,688
|
|
|
|
4,395
|
|
(Loss) income, before income taxes
|
|
|
(4,776
|
)
|
|
|
1,585
|
|
|
|
6,197
|
|
Income taxes (note 8)
|
|
|
158
|
|
|
|
209
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
Net (loss) income attribute to Deswell Industries, Inc.
|
|
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
|
1,376
|
|
|
|
6,190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive (loss) income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
|
|
|
(73
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
-
|
|
Reclassification adjustment in connection with loss on disposal of available-for-sale securities transferred to profit or loss
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Total comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Deswell Industries, Inc.
|
|
$
|
(5,007
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,387
|
|
|
$
|
6,190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income per share attributable to Deswell Industries, Inc. (note 2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income per share
|
|
$
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding (shares in thousands)
|
|
|
16,056
|
|
|
|
16,035
|
|
|
|
15,885
|
|
Diluted:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income per share
|
|
$
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding (shares in thousands)
|
|
|
16,056
|
|
|
|
16,035
|
|
|
|
15,985
|
|
DESWELL INDUSTRIES,
INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Common stock
|
|
Treasury Stock
|
|
|
|
Accumulated
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
Additional
paid-in
capital
|
|
other
comprehensive
income
|
|
Retained
earnings
|
|
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
|
Balance at March 31, 2015
|
|
|
17,031,810
|
|
|
$
|
53,063
|
|
|
|
(975,571
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,513
|
)
|
|
$
|
8,005
|
|
|
$
|
5,378
|
|
|
$
|
20,130
|
|
|
$
|
84,063
|
|
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(73
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(73
|
)
|
Net loss
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
|
(4,934
|
)
|
Dividends ($0.14 per share)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(2,248
|
)
|
|
|
(2,248
|
)
|
Balance at March 31, 2016
|
|
|
17,031,810
|
|
|
$
|
53,063
|
|
|
|
(975,571
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,513
|
)
|
|
$
|
8,005
|
|
|
$
|
5,305
|
|
|
$
|
12,948
|
|
|
$
|
76,808
|
|
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
Reclassification adjustment in connection with loss on disposal of available-for-sale securities transferred to profit or loss
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
Repurchase of common stock
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(171,000
|
)
|
|
|
(308
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(308
|
)
|
Net income
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,376
|
|
|
|
1,376
|
|
Dividends ($0.105 per share)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(1,686
|
)
|
|
|
(1,686
|
)
|
Balance at March 31, 2017
|
|
|
17,031,810
|
|
|
$
|
53,063
|
|
|
|
(1,146,571
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,821
|
)
|
|
$
|
8,005
|
|
|
$
|
5,316
|
|
|
$
|
12,638
|
|
|
$
|
76,201
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
6,190
|
|
|
|
6,190
|
|
Dividends ($0.07 per share)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(1,112
|
)
|
|
|
(1,112
|
)
|
Balance at March 31, 2018
|
|
|
17,031,810
|
|
|
$
|
53,063
|
|
|
|
(1,146,571
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,821
|
)
|
|
$
|
8,005
|
|
|
$
|
5,316
|
|
|
$
|
17,716
|
|
|
$
|
81,279
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
DESWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
$
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,376
|
|
|
$
|
6,190
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
2,373
|
|
|
|
2,135
|
|
|
|
2,138
|
|
Provision for (reversal of) doubtful accounts, net
|
|
|
274
|
|
|
|
371
|
|
|
|
(674
|
)
|
(Usage) additional charges for obsolescence allowance of inventories, net
|
|
|
(252
|
)
|
|
|
(65
|
)
|
|
|
296
|
|
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
420
|
|
|
|
162
|
|
|
|
61
|
|
Unrealized holding loss (gain) on marketable securities
|
|
|
1,860
|
|
|
|
(1,999
|
)
|
|
|
(1,401
|
)
|
Gain on sales of marketable securities
|
|
|
(526
|
)
|
|
|
(69
|
)
|
|
|
(609
|
)
|
Loss on disposal of available-for-sale securities
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Deferred income tax
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
|
(114
|
)
|
Scrip dividend received
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(168
|
)
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
95
|
|
|
|
(4,322
|
)
|
|
|
(2,079
|
)
|
Inventories
|
|
|
2,966
|
|
|
|
(2,509
|
)
|
|
|
(2,541
|
)
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
|
(761
|
)
|
|
|
152
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
(1,120
|
)
|
|
|
2,924
|
|
|
|
3,444
|
|
Accrued payroll and employee benefits
|
|
|
(193
|
)
|
|
|
608
|
|
|
|
923
|
|
Customer deposits
|
|
|
(1,027
|
)
|
|
|
729
|
|
|
|
(445
|
)
|
Other accrued liabilities
|
|
|
88
|
|
|
|
185
|
|
|
|
399
|
|
Income taxes payable
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
75
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
|
|
|
563
|
|
|
|
(1,082
|
)
|
|
|
5,699
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(591
|
)
|
|
|
(2,152
|
)
|
|
|
(1,707
|
)
|
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment, net of transaction costs
|
|
|
1,266
|
|
|
|
993
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
Purchase of marketable securities
|
|
|
(10,349
|
)
|
|
|
(3,159
|
)
|
|
|
(5,357
|
)
|
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities
|
|
|
6,798
|
|
|
|
920
|
|
|
|
6,580
|
|
Proceeds from disposal of available-for-sale securities
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,600
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Release of (increase in) fixed deposits maturing over three months
|
|
|
4,635
|
|
|
|
(146
|
)
|
|
|
3,232
|
|
(Increase in) decrease in fixed deposits maturing over twelve months
|
|
|
(2,965
|
)
|
|
|
1,664
|
|
|
|
(227
|
)
|
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
|
|
|
(1,206
|
)
|
|
|
(280
|
)
|
|
|
2,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends paid
|
|
|
(1,686
|
)
|
|
|
(2,248
|
)
|
|
|
(1,112
|
)
|
Repurchase of common stock
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(308
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
|
(1,686
|
)
|
|
|
(2,556
|
)
|
|
|
(1,112
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(2,329
|
)
|
|
|
(3,918
|
)
|
|
|
7,114
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
|
|
|
14,325
|
|
|
|
11,996
|
|
|
|
8,078
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
|
|
$
|
11,996
|
|
|
$
|
8,078
|
|
|
$
|
15,192
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplementary disclosures of cash flow information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash paid during the year for:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
$
|
25
|
|
|
$
|
21
|
|
|
$
|
85
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
1. Organization and Basis of Financial Statements
Deswell Industries, Inc. was incorporated
in the British Virgin Islands on December 2, 1993.
The principal activities of the Company comprise
the manufacturing and sales of injection-molded plastic parts and components and electronic products assembling. The manufacturing
activities are subcontracted to subsidiaries operating in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). The selling
and administrative activities were originally performed in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (“Hong Kong”)
of the PRC. From August 2003, these activities were moved to the Macao Special Administrative Region (“Macao”) of the
PRC.
As the Company is a holding company, the
amount of any dividends to be declared by the Company will be dependent upon the amount which can be distributed from its subsidiaries.
Dividends from subsidiaries are declared based on profits as reported in their statutory accounts.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies
Principles of consolidation
- The
consolidated financial statements, prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of
America, include the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows of all subsidiaries. Intercompany balances, transactions
and cash flows are eliminated on consolidation.
Goodwill
- The excess purchase price over the fair value
of net assets acquired is recorded on the balance sheet as goodwill. The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”)
No. 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other”, which requires the carrying value of goodwill to be evaluated for
impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. The Company regularly conducted annual impairment
evaluation. The impairment test requires the Company to estimate the fair value of our reporting units. If the carrying value of
a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the goodwill of that reporting unit is potentially impaired and the Company proceeds to
step two of the impairment analysis. In the second step, the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill is determined
by allocating the reporting unit’s fair value to all of its assets and liabilities other than goodwill (including any unrecognized
intangible assets) in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation. The resulting implied fair value of the goodwill that results
from the application of the second step is then compared to the carrying amount of the goodwill and an impairment charge is recorded
for the difference. The assumptions used in the estimate of fair value are generally consistent with the past performance of each
reporting unit and are consistent with the projections and assumptions that are used in current operating plans. Such assumptions
are subject to change as a result of changing economic and competitive conditions. The entire goodwill of $393 was fully impaired
since March 31, 2014.
Cash and cash equivalents
- Cash and
cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash accounts, interest bearing savings accounts and time certificates of deposit with a
maturity of three months or less when purchased.
Marketable securities -
All marketable
securities are classified as trading securities and are stated at fair market value. Market value is determined by the most recently
traded price of the security at the balance sheet date. Net realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are
included in non-operating income. The cost of investments sold is based on the average cost method. Interest and dividend income
earned are included in non-operating income.
Available-for-sales securities -
Available-for-sale
securities are investments in debt securities that have readily determinable fair values not classified as trading
securities or as held-to-maturity securities. All available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value and represent
securities that are available to meet liquidity and/or other needs of the Company. Gains and losses are recognized and
reported separately in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) upon realization or when impairment of
values is deemed to be other than temporary. In estimating other-than temporary impairment losses, management considers, (i)
the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (ii) the financial condition and near-term
prospects of the issuer, and (iii) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period
of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery in fair value. Gains or losses are recognized using the specific
identification method. Unrealized holding gains and losses for securities available-for-sale are excluded from the
consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) and reported net of taxes in the accumulated other comprehensive
income component of shareholders’ equity until realized. During the year ended March 31, 2017, all available-for-sales
securities were disposed for a consideration of $1,600. Unrealized gain (loss) for the years ended March 31, 2016 and 2017
were $(73) and $(3), respectively.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
Inventories -
Inventories are stated
at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on the weighted average basis. Work-in-progress and finished goods inventories
consist of raw materials, direct labor and overhead associated with the manufacturing process. The Company periodically performs
an analysis of inventory to determine obsolete or slow-moving inventory and determine if its cost exceeds the estimated market
value. Write down of potentially obsolete or slow-moving inventory are recorded based on management’s analysis of inventory
levels.
Property, plant and equipment
- Property,
plant and equipment is stated at cost including the cost of improvements. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.
Depreciation and amortization are provided on the straight line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
Leasehold land and buildings
|
|
|
30 - 50 years
|
|
Plant and machinery
|
|
|
5 - 15 years
|
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
|
|
|
4 - 5 years
|
|
Motor vehicles
|
|
|
3 - 5 years
|
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
2 - 5 years
|
|
Leases
- Leases are classified at
the inception date as either a capital lease or an operating lease. For the lessee, a lease is a capital lease if any of the following
conditions exist: a) ownership is transferred to the lessee by the end of the lease term, b) there is a bargain purchase option,
c) the lease term is at least 75% of the property’s estimated remaining economic life or d) the present value of the minimum
lease payments at the beginning of the lease term is 90% or more of the fair value of the leased property to the lessor at the
inception date. For the lessor, in addition to the four criteria mentioned above, a capital lease has to meet both of the following
incremental criteria: a) the collectability of the minimum lease payments under the lease has to be reasonable predictable, and
b) no important uncertainties surround the amount of unreimbursable costs yet to be incurred by the lessor under the lease.
For the lessee, a capital lease is accounted for as if there
was an acquisition of an asset and an incurrence of an obligation at the inception of the lease. All other leases are accounted
for as operating leases. The total rental payments made under the leases are recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive
income (loss) as incurred. For the lessor, a capital lease is accounted for as sale-type lease, direct financing lease or leveraged
lease. All other leases are accounted for as operating leases. Revenues are recorded to statement of comprehensive income (loss)
on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The Company has no capital leases as a lessee or lessor for any of the periods
presented.
Impairment of long-lived assets
- Long-lived assets are
included in impairment evaluations when events and circumstances exist that indicate the carrying value of these assets may not
be recoverable. In accordance with ASC No. 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment”, the Company assesses the recoverability
of the carrying value of long-lived assets by first grouping its long-lived assets with other assets and liabilities at the lowest
level for which identifiable cash flows largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities (the asset group)
and, secondly, estimating the undiscounted future cash flows that are directly associated with and expected to arise from the use
of and eventual disposition of such asset group. The Company estimates the undiscounted cash flows over the remaining useful life
of the primary asset within the asset group. If the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows,
the Company records an impairment charge to the extent the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value. The Company
determines fair value through quoted market prices in active markets or, if quotations of market prices are unavailable, through
the performance of internal analysis using a discounted cash flow methodology. The undiscounted and discounted cash flow analyses
based on a number of estimates and assumptions, including the expected period over which the asset will be utilized, projected
future operating results of the asset group, discount rate and long-term growth rate.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
Revenue recognition
- Sales of goods
are recognized when goods are shipped, title of goods sold has passed to the purchaser, the price is fixed or determinable as stated
on the sales contracts and/or orders, and its collectability is reasonably assured. Customers do not have a general right of return
on products shipped. The Company permits the return of damaged or defective products and accounts for these actual returns as deduction
from sales. Products returns to the Company were insignificant during past years.
Other
c
omprehensive income (loss)
-
Other comprehensive income for the years ended March 31, 2016 and 2017 represented unrealized loss on available-for-sale
securities and reclassification adjustment in connection with loss on disposal of available-for-sale securities transferred to
profit or loss, and were included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss).
Allowance for doubtful account
- The
Company regularly monitors and assesses the risk of not collecting amounts owed to the Company by customers. This evaluation is
based upon a variety of factors including: ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition, an analysis
of amounts current and past due along with relevant history and facts particular to the customer. Based upon the results of this
analysis, the Company records an allowance for uncollectible accounts for this risk. This analysis requires the Company to make
significant estimates, and changes in facts and circumstances could result in material changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Unanticipated changes in the liquidity or financial position of the Company’s customers may require additional provisions
for doubtful accounts.
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
Allowance for doubtful account
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Balance at beginning of the year
|
|
$
|
607
|
|
|
$
|
881
|
|
|
$
|
1,252
|
|
Provision for the year
|
|
|
376
|
|
|
|
420
|
|
|
|
34
|
|
Bad debt recovery
|
|
|
(102
|
)
|
|
|
(49
|
)
|
|
|
(708
|
)
|
Written off
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(308
|
)
|
|
|
$
|
881
|
|
|
$
|
1,252
|
|
|
$
|
270
|
|
The provision and the bad debt recovery for the years were charged
to other income (expenses) in consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
Shipping and handling cost -
Shipping
and handling costs related to the delivery of finished goods are included in selling expenses. During the years ended March 31,
2016, 2017 and 2018, shipping and handling costs expensed to selling expenses were $458, $501 and $557, respectively.
Income taxes
- Income taxes are provided
on an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Any PRC tax paid by subsidiaries during
the year is recorded. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant temporary differences at enacted rates and classified
as current or non-current based upon the classification of the related asset or liability in the financial statements. A valuation
allowance is provided to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion of,
or all, the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax
benefits, if any, as a component of income tax provisions.
The Company adopted the provisions of ASC
No. 740 “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized
by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax
position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting guidance on de-recognition, classification,
interest and penalties, disclosure and transition.
Foreign
currency translation
- The consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented in U.S. dollars as the Company
is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands where the currency is the U.S. dollar. The Company’s subsidiaries conduct
substantially all of their business in U.S. dollars, Hong Kong dollars or Chinese Renminbi. Notwithstanding this, U.S. dollar
is considered by management to be the most appropriate functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries because most
of our customers contracted with our subsidiaries in U.S. dollars.
All transactions in currencies other than
functional currencies during the year are translated at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Monetary items
existing at the balance sheet date denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies are translated at period end
rates. Gains and losses resulting from the translation of foreign currency transactions and balances are included in the consolidated
statement of comprehensive income (loss).
The exchange rates between the Hong Kong
dollars and the U.S. dollar were approximately 7.7904, 7.7904 and 7.7904 as of March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. The
exchange rates between the Chinese Renminbi and the U.S. dollar were approximately 6.5698, 6.8915 and 6.3916 as of March 31, 2016,
2017 and 2018, respectively. Aggregate net foreign currency transaction loss included in other income were, $(559), $(361) and
$(56) for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies - continued
Post-retirement and post-employment benefits
- The Company and its subsidiaries contribute to a state pension scheme in respect of its Chinese employees.
Stock-based compensation
- The Company
adopts ASC No. 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation”, which requires that share-based payment transactions
with employees, such as share options, be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity instrument issued and recognized
as compensation expense over the requisite service period, with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation
cost related to employee share options or similar equity instruments is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the
award and is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which
generally is the vesting period.
There were no stock options granted during
the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018.
Net (loss) income per share
- Basic
net (loss) income per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net (loss) income per share gives effect to all dilutive potential common
shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of common shares outstanding is adjusted to include the number
of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been issued. In computing
the dilutive effect of potential common shares, the average stock price for the period is used in determining the number of treasury
shares assumed to be purchased with the proceeds from the exercise of options.
Basic net (loss) income per share and diluted
net loss per share calculated in accordance with ASC No. 260, “Earnings Per Share”, are reconciled as follows (shares
in thousands):
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Net (loss) income attributable to Deswell Industries, Inc.
|
|
$
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,376
|
|
|
$
|
6,190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
|
|
|
16,056
|
|
|
|
16,035
|
|
|
|
15,885
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic net (loss) income per share
|
|
$
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
|
|
|
16,056
|
|
|
|
16,035
|
|
|
|
15,885
|
|
Effect of dilutive securities – Options
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
Diluted weighted average common and potential common shares outstanding
|
|
|
16,056
|
|
|
|
16,035
|
|
|
|
15,985
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted net (loss) income per share
|
|
$
|
(0.31
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.09
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended March 31, 2016 and
2017, potential common shares of 532,000 and 532,000 shares related to stock options are excluded from the computation of diluted
net loss per share as their exercise prices were higher than the average market price.
Use of estimates -
The preparation
of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
Fair value of financial instruments -
The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the exchange price that would be received from an asset or paid to transfer
a liability (as exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between
market participants at the measurement date. The carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents,
time deposits, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, and other current liabilities,
approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments and market rates of interest.
Fair value measurements -
The Company
has adopted ASC No. 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring
fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. It does not require any new fair value measurements,
but provides guidance on how to measure fair value by providing a fair value hierarchy used to classify the source of the information.
Its establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy
of valuation techniques based on observable and unobservable inputs, which may be used to measure fair value and include the following:
Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
or liabilities. Level 1 assets and liabilities include debt and equity securities and derivative contracts that are traded in an
active exchange market, as well as certain securities that are highly liquid and are actively traded in over-the-counter markets.
Level 2 - Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either
directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active;
or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets
or liabilities.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or
no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include
financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques
based on significant unobservable inputs, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant
management judgment or estimation.
Classification within the hierarchy is determined
based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
Non-recurring fair value measurements
- Long-lived assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis using mostly Level 3 inputs as defined in the fair value
hierarchy. These assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain
circumstances. Assets that are written down to fair value when impaired and retained investments are not subsequently adjusted
to fair value unless further impairment occurs.
Fair value of long-lived assets, including
real estate, are determined by estimating the amount and timing of net future cash flows (which are unobservable inputs) and discounting
them using a risk-adjusted rate of interest. The Company estimates future cash flows based on its experience and knowledge of the
market. Significant increases or decreases in actual cash flows may result in valuation changes. For real estate, fair values are
based on discounted cash flow estimates which reflect current and projected lease profiles and available industry information about
capitalization rates and expected trends in rents and occupancy and are corroborated by external appraisals.
Recent changes in accounting standards
– In May
2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, “Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting”
(“ASU 2017-09”), which provide guidance on determining which changes to the terms and conditions of share-based payment
awards require an entity to apply modification accounting under Topic 718. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public
business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption
is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-09 to have a material impact on
our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement
of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” (“ASU 2016-15”), which
addresses the following eight specific cash flow issues: debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; settlement of zero-coupon
debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest
rate of the borrowing; contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; proceeds from the settlement of insurance
claims; proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies (including bank-owned life insurance policies;
distributions received from equity method investees; beneficial interests in securitization transactions; and separately identifiable
cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public business entities
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted,
including adoption in an interim period. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-15 to have a material impact on our consolidated
financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial
Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”).
Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) amends guidelines on reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost
basis and available-for-sale debt securities. For assets held at amortized cost basis, Topic 326 eliminates the probable initial
recognition threshold in current GAAP and, instead, requires an entity to reflect its current estimate of all expected credit losses.
The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets to
present the net amount expected to be collected. For available-for-sale debt securities, credit losses should be measured in a
manner similar to current GAAP, however Topic 326 will require that credit losses be presented as an allowance rather than as a
write-down. ASU 2016-13 affects entities holding financial assets and net investment in leases that are not accounted for at fair
value through net income. The amendments affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off balance
sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual
right to receive cash. The amendments in this ASU will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including
interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on our consolidated
financial statements.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - continued
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases
(Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). The amendments in this update create Topic 842, Leases, and supersede the leases
requirements in Topic 840, Leases. Topic 842 specifies the accounting for leases. The objective of Topic 842 is to establish the
principles that lessees and lessors shall apply to report useful information to users of financial statements about the amount,
timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from a lease. The main difference between Topic 842 and Topic 840 is the recognition
of lease assets and lease liabilities for those leases classified as operating leases under Topic 840. Topic 842 retains a distinction
between finance leases and operating leases. The classification criteria for distinguishing between finance leases and operating
leases are substantially similar to the classification criteria for distinguishing between capital leases and operating leases
in the previous leases guidance. The result of retaining a distinction between finance leases and operating leases is that under
the lessee accounting model in Topic 842, the effect of leases in the statement of comprehensive income and the statement of cash
flows is largely unchanged from previous GAAP. The amendments in ASU 2016-02 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years for public business entities. Early application of the amendments
in ASU 2016-02 is permitted. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on our consolidated
financial statements.
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)
issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU
2014-09”). This ASU is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict
the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange
for those goods or services. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus
Agent Considerations (Reporting Gross versus Net), which is effective upon adoption of ASU 2014-09. This ASU clarifies the implementation
guidance in ASU 2014-09 on principal versus agent considerations. These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning
after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company will adopt ASU 2014-09, and its related clarifying
ASUs, as of April 1, 2018. The Company anticipates adopting the standard using the modified retrospective transition approach.
Under this approach, the new standard would apply to all new contracts initiated on or after April 1, 2018. For existing contracts
that have remaining obligations as of April 1, 2018, any difference between the recognition criteria in these ASUs and the Company’s
current revenue recognition practices would be recognized using a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained
earnings. Our product revenues are generally recognized upon delivery to the customer, which is when we control transfers to the
customer. The majority of the Company’s customer contracts, which may be in the form of purchase orders, contracts or purchase
agreements, contain performance obligations for delivery of agreed upon products. Delivery of all performance obligations contained
within a contract with a customer typically occurs at the same time. The Company has also determined that it will make accounting
policy elections to 1) treat shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer obtains control of the goods as fulfillment
costs and 2) exclude sales (and similar) taxes from the measurement of the transaction price. We have no open contracts as of March
31, 2018, there will be no cumulative effect of applying the new standards. We do not expect the adoption of these ASUs to have
a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
3. Marketable Securities
The Company acquired equity securities listed
in Hong Kong.
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Cost
|
|
$
|
15,919
|
|
|
$
|
15,473
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market value
|
|
$
|
16,327
|
|
|
$
|
17,282
|
|
Unrealized (loss) gain for the years ended
March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were $(1,860), $1,999 and $1,401, respectively.
Net proceeds from sale of marketable securities
for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were $6,798, $920 and $6,580 respectively and realized gain from sales of marketable
securities for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 were $526, $69 and $609, respectively. For the purposes of determining
realized gains and losses, the cost of securities sold was determined based on the average cost method.
The marketable securities were classified
as Level 1 of the hierarchy established under ASC No. 820 because the valuations were based on quoted prices for identical securities
in active markets.
4. Inventories
Inventories, net of allowances, by major
categories are summarized as follows:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Raw materials
|
|
$
|
5,740
|
|
|
$
|
6,961
|
|
Work-in-progress
|
|
|
3,404
|
|
|
|
3,698
|
|
Finished goods
|
|
|
1,544
|
|
|
|
2,274
|
|
|
|
$
|
10,688
|
|
|
$
|
12,933
|
|
Obsolescence allowance for inventory is as
follows:
|
|
Year ended March 31
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Balance at beginning of the year
|
|
$
|
3,887
|
|
|
$
|
3,635
|
|
|
$
|
3,570
|
|
(Usage) additional charges, net
|
|
|
(252
|
)
|
|
|
(65
|
)
|
|
|
296
|
|
Written off
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(232
|
)
|
Balance at the end of the year
|
|
$
|
3,635
|
|
|
$
|
3,570
|
|
|
$
|
3,634
|
|
5. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
consist of the following:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Value added tax recoverable
|
|
$
|
328
|
|
|
$
|
419
|
|
Rental and utility deposit
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
Advance to suppliers
|
|
|
410
|
|
|
|
243
|
|
Prepayment
|
|
|
654
|
|
|
|
520
|
|
Coupon and dividend receivable
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
|
176
|
|
Others
|
|
|
915
|
|
|
|
890
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,419
|
|
|
$
|
2,267
|
|
6. Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consist of
the following:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
At cost:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Leasehold land and buildings
|
|
$
|
31,927
|
|
|
$
|
32,233
|
|
Plant and machinery
|
|
|
39,589
|
|
|
|
39,424
|
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
|
|
|
11,622
|
|
|
|
11,559
|
|
Motor vehicles
|
|
|
1,396
|
|
|
|
1,540
|
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
3,228
|
|
|
|
3,737
|
|
Impairment
|
|
|
(3,218
|
)
|
|
|
(3,183
|
)
|
|
|
|
84,544
|
|
|
|
85,310
|
|
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
(52,552
|
)
|
|
|
(53,816
|
)
|
Net book value
|
|
$
|
31,992
|
|
|
$
|
31,494
|
|
Included in furniture, fixtures and equipment is computer software
with net values of $8 and $26 as of March 31, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
Cost of leasehold land and buildings consist of the following:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Land use right of state-owned land and buildings erected thereon (a)
|
|
$
|
27,771
|
|
|
$
|
28,077
|
|
Long term leased land and buildings erected thereon (b)
|
|
|
4,156
|
|
|
|
4,156
|
|
|
|
$
|
31,927
|
|
|
$
|
32,233
|
|
(a)
|
|
The land use rights of state-owned land and buildings erected thereon represent land
and buildings located in the PRC on which an upfront lump-sum payment has been made for the right to use the land and building
with lease terms of 50 years expiring in 2050.
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
|
Long term leased
land and buildings erected thereon represent land and buildings on collectively-owned land located in the PRC on which an upfront
lump-sum payment has been made for the right to use the land and building for a term of 50 years to 2053. Dongguan Chang An Xiaobian
District Co-operation, the lessor, is the entity to whom the collectively-owned land has been granted. According to existing PRC
laws and regulations, collectively-owned land is not freely transferable unless certain application and approval procedures are
fulfilled by the Dongguan Chang An Xiaobian District Co-operation to change the legal form of the land from collectively-owned
to state-owned. As of March 31, 2018, the Company is not aware of any steps being taken by the Dongguan Chang An Xiaobian District
Co-operation for such application.
|
Included in leasehold land and buildings is property on lease
with net values of $6,594 and $6,409 as of March 31, 2017 and 2018, respectively. Details of the property on lease are as follows:
Included in leasehold land and buildings
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Cost
|
|
$
|
8,831
|
|
|
$
|
8,831
|
|
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
(2,237
|
)
|
|
|
(2,422
|
)
|
Net book value
|
|
$
|
6,594
|
|
|
$
|
6,409
|
|
During the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, the Company
had no impairment on its property, plant and equipment. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment were $2,373, $2,135 and $2,138
during the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
7. Other Accrued Liabilities
Other accrued liabilities consist of the
following:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
$
|
595
|
|
|
$
|
620
|
|
Others
|
|
|
879
|
|
|
|
1,253
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,474
|
|
|
$
|
1,873
|
|
8. Income Taxes
Net (loss) income before taxes of $(4,776),
$1,585 and $6,197 were solely attributed by non-U.S. for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
Under the current BVI law, the Company’s
income is not subject to taxation. Subsidiaries operating in Hong Kong and the PRC are subject to income taxes as described below,
and the subsidiaries operating in Macao are exempted from income taxes. Under the current Samoa Law, subsidiary incorporated in
Samoa is not subject to profit tax as it has no business operations in Samoa.
The provision for current income taxes of
the subsidiaries operating in Hong Kong has been calculated by applying the current rate of taxation of 16.5% (2016: 16.5%, 2017:
16.5%) to the estimated taxable income arising in or derived from Hong Kong, if applicable.
From January 1, 2008, with the effect of the new PRC Income
Tax Law, the standard income tax rate for all subsidiaries operating in the PRC has been reduced from the rate of 33% to 25%.
Under applicable PRC tax laws and regulations, arrangements
and transactions among related parties may be subject to audit or scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities within ten years after the
taxable year when the arrangements or transactions are conducted. The Company is subject to the applicable transfer pricing rules
in the PRC in connection to the transactions between its subsidiaries located inside and outside PRC.
In accordance with Guo Shui Fa [2009] No.2, the PRC tax authorities
have the right to deem the Company for a tax amount based on the transfer pricing contemporaneous documentations (the “Contemporaneous
Documentations”) or a basis that they considered reasonable. The amount of income taxes payable at March 31, 2017 and 2018
includes the deemed profit tax estimated by the management based on the Contemporaneous Documentations.
The Company has adopted the provisions of
ASC 740 on April 1, 2007. The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with ASC 740 begins with a determination as to whether
it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position.
A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that
if greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement for recognition in the financial statements. There
is no material impact on the adoption of ASC 740. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax
benefits as a component of income tax provisions; however, as of March 31, 2017 and 2018, there is no interest and penalties related
to uncertain tax positions.
8. Income Taxes - continued
The provision for income taxes consists of
the following:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Current tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- PRC
|
|
$
|
103
|
|
|
$
|
116
|
|
|
$
|
173
|
|
Deferred tax
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
|
(166
|
)
|
|
|
$
|
158
|
|
|
$
|
209
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
Reconciliation between the provision for
income taxes computed by applying the statutory tax rate in the PRC to (loss) income before income taxes and the actual provision
for income taxes is as follows:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Provision for income taxes at statutory tax rate in the PRC
|
|
$
|
(1,194
|
)
|
|
$
|
396
|
|
|
$
|
1,549
|
|
Effect of income for which no income tax is chargeable
|
|
|
(210
|
)
|
|
|
(47
|
)
|
|
|
(2,063
|
)
|
Effect of expense for which no income tax is deductible
|
|
|
1,452
|
|
|
|
648
|
|
|
|
716
|
|
Net change in valuation allowances
|
|
|
110
|
|
|
|
(788
|
)
|
|
|
(195
|
)
|
Effective tax
|
|
$
|
158
|
|
|
$
|
209
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
The net deferred income tax consists of the
following:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Deferred income tax assets
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Deferred income tax liabilities
|
|
|
(889
|
)
|
|
|
(775
|
)
|
Net deferred income tax liabilities
|
|
$
|
(889
|
)
|
|
|
(775
|
)
|
The components of net deferred income tax
are as follows:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Deferred income tax assets (liabilities) :
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carry forwards
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Provision of employee benefits
|
|
|
392
|
|
|
|
539
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
|
|
(128
|
)
|
Revenue and cost of sales recognized for financial reporting purpose before being recognized for tax purpose
|
|
|
(1,170
|
)
|
|
|
(1,333
|
)
|
Others
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
|
328
|
|
Less: Valuation allowances
|
|
|
(166
|
)
|
|
|
(181
|
)
|
Net deferred income tax liabilities
|
|
$
|
(889
|
)
|
|
|
(775
|
)
|
The Company operates through the PRC entities
and the valuation allowance is considered on each individual basis.
The Company’s assessment is that it
is not more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will be realized.
8. Income Taxes - continued
The net operating loss attributable to those
PRC entities can only be carried forward for a maximum period of five years. Tax losses of non-PRC entities can be carried forward
indefinitely.
Under the PRC Income Tax Law and the implementation rules, profits
of the PRC entities earned on or after January 1, 2008 and distributed by the PRC entities to the Company are subject to a withholding
tax at a rate of 10%, unless the Company will be deemed as a resident enterprise for tax purposes. Since the Company intends to
reinvest the earnings of the PRC entities in operations in the PRC, the PRC entities do not intend to declare dividends to their
immediate non-PRC established holding companies in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, no deferred taxation on undistributed earnings
of the PRC entities has been recognized as of March 31, 2018.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company leases premises under various
operating leases, certain of which contain escalation clauses. Rental expenses under operating leases included in the consolidated
statements of comprehensive income (loss) were $75, $62 and 68 for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
At March 31, 2018, the Company was obligated
under operating leases requiring minimum rentals as follows:
Year ending March 31, 2019
|
|
$
|
55
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2020
|
|
$
|
53
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2021
|
|
$
|
4
|
|
Total minimum lease payments
|
|
$
|
112
|
|
We have non-cancellable agreements to lease
our factory buildings to tenants under operating lease, which provide for payments through 2018. At March 31, 2018, the minimum
future rental income to be received is as follows:
Year ending March 31, 2019
|
|
$
|
1,186
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2020
|
|
$
|
632
|
|
Year ending March 31, 2021
|
|
$
|
21
|
|
Total minimum future rental income
|
|
$
|
1,839
|
|
At March 31, 2018, the Company had capital
commitments for purchase of plant and machinery, and leasehold improvement totaling $175, which are expected to be disbursed during
the year ending March 31, 2019.
10. Employee Benefits
The Company contributes to a state pension
scheme run by the Chinese government in respect of its employees in the PRC. The expense of $633, $604 and $800 included in the
consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) related to this plan, which is calculated at the range of 8% to 14% of the
average monthly salary, was provided for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
11. Stock Option Plan
On March 15,
1995, the Company adopted 1995 Stock Option Plan that permits the Company to grant options to officers, directors, employees
and others to purchase up to 1,012,500 shares of Common Stock. On September 29, 1997, the Company approved an increase of
549,000 shares making a total of 1,561,500 shares of common stock available under the stock option plan. On January 7, 2002,
the Company adopted 2001 Stock Option Plan to purchase an additional 1,125,000 shares of Common Stock. On September 30, 2003,
the Company adopted 2003 Stock Option Plan to purchase an additional 900,000 shares of Common Stock. On September 19, 2005,
the Company’s shareholders approved an increase of 500,000 shares making a total of 1,400,000 shares of common stock
available under the 2003 Stock Option Plan. On August 17, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors, subject to
shareholders’ approval, approved an increase of 400,000 shares making a total of 1,800,000 shares of common stock
available under the 2003 Stock Option Plan. The Company’s shareholders approved this amendment at the Company’s
Annual Shareholders’ Meeting held on October 9, 2007. On August 13, 2010, the Company’s Board of Directors,
subject to shareholders’ approval, approved an increase of 800,000 shares making a total of 2,600,000 shares of common
stock available under the 2003 Stock Option Plan. The Company’s shareholders approved this amendment at the
Company’s Annual Shareholders’ Meeting held on September 16, 2010.
11. Stock Option Plan - continued
On August 7, 2013, the Company’s Board
of Directors, subject to shareholder approval, approved amendments to the 2003 Stock Option Plan to increase by 900,000 shares
the number of shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan, bringing to a total of 3,500,000 shares the
number of common shares that can be optioned and sold under the 2003 Stock Option Plan. The Company’s shareholders approved
this amendment at the Company’s Annual shareholders’ Meeting held on September 11, 2013.
As of March 31, 2018, options to purchase
an aggregate of 5,669,000 common shares had been granted under the stock option plans. Options granted under the stock option plans
vest immediately and are exercisable for a period of up to 10 years commencing on the date of grant, at a price equal to at least
the fair market value of the Common Stock at the date of grant, and may contain such other terms as the Board of Directors or a
committee appointed to administer the plan may determine. A summary of the option activity (with weighted average prices per option)
is as follows:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
|
|
Number
of stock
options
|
|
Weighted
average
exercise
price
|
|
Number
of stock
options
|
|
Weighted
average
exercise
price
|
|
Number
of stock
options
|
|
Weighted
average
exercise
price
|
Outstanding at beginning of the year
|
|
|
532,000
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
|
|
532,000
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
|
|
532,000
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
Cancelled during the year
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(26,000
|
)
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
Outstanding and exercisable at the end of the year
|
|
|
532,000
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
|
|
532,000
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
|
|
506,000
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
Range of exercise price per share
|
|
|
$2.09 to $2.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$2.09 to $2.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$2.09 to $2.14
|
|
|
|
|
|
No options were granted or exercised for
the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018. The weighted average remaining contractual life of the share options outstanding
at March 31, 2018 was 5.8 years. At March 31, 2017 and 2018, there were 1,236,000 and 1,262,000 options available for future grant
under the plans, respectively.
12. Repurchase of stock
On March 14, 2012, the Company’s Board
of Directors authorized a stock buyback plan to repurchase up to an aggregate of $4,000 of its issued and outstanding common shares
in compliance with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the next two
years. The program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular number or dollar amount of its common shares and may
be suspended, modified, extended or discontinued at any time. No assurance can be given that any particular number or dollar amount
of common stock will be repurchased. By the ended March 31, 2014, 975,571 common shares had been repurchased under the stock buyback
plan for a total consideration of $2,513 at an average price of $2.57 per share. During the year ended March 31, 2017, the Company
repurchased 171,000 shares from Mr. Franki Tse Shing Fung, the former CEO of the Company, for a total consideration of $308 at
a price of $1.80 per share.
13. Other income (expenses), net
Other income (expenses), net consist of the
following:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment, net
|
|
$
|
(420
|
)
|
|
$
|
(162
|
)
|
|
|
(61
|
)
|
Exchange loss, net
|
|
|
(559
|
)
|
|
|
(361
|
)
|
|
|
(56
|
)
|
(Provision for) reversal of doubtful accounts, net
|
|
|
(274
|
)
|
|
|
(371
|
)
|
|
|
674
|
|
Others
|
|
|
232
|
|
|
|
198
|
|
|
|
337
|
|
Other income (expenses), net
|
|
$
|
(1,021
|
)
|
|
$
|
(696
|
)
|
|
$
|
894
|
|
14. Non-operating income, net
Non-operating income, net consist of the
following:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Dividend income from marketable securities
|
|
$
|
596
|
|
|
$
|
616
|
|
|
$
|
859
|
|
Interest income from available-for-sales securities
|
|
|
126
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Interest income from bank deposits
|
|
|
372
|
|
|
|
314
|
|
|
|
267
|
|
Unrealized (loss) gain from marketable securities
|
|
|
(1,860
|
)
|
|
|
1,999
|
|
|
|
1,401
|
|
Realized gain from sales of marketable securities
|
|
|
526
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
|
609
|
|
Rental income
|
|
|
793
|
|
|
|
839
|
|
|
|
1,111
|
|
Others
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
(154
|
)
|
|
|
148
|
|
Non-operating income, net
|
|
$
|
571
|
|
|
$
|
3,688
|
|
|
$
|
4,395
|
|
15. Operating Risk
Concentrations of Credit Risk and Major
Customers
- A substantial percentage of the Company’s sales are made to a small number of customers and are typically
sold either under letter of credit or on an open account basis. Details of customers accounting for 10% or more of total net sales
for each of the three years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:
|
|
Percentage of net sales
Y
ear
ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Customer A
|
|
|
12.7
|
%
|
|
|
12.8
|
%
|
|
|
10.8
|
%
|
Customer B
|
|
|
13.6
|
%
|
|
|
10.6
|
%
|
|
|
*
|
|
Customer C
|
|
|
10.4
|
%
|
|
|
10.2
|
%
|
|
|
10.8
|
%
|
Customer D
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
12.8
|
%
|
Customer E
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
11.9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Less than 10%
Sales to the above customers relate to both
injection-molded plastic parts and electronic products.
15. Operating Risk - continued
Debtors accounting for 10% or more of total
accounts receivable at March 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively, are as follows:
|
|
Percentage of
accounts
receivable at
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Customer A
|
|
|
22.2
|
%
|
|
|
15.5
|
%
|
Customer D
|
|
|
14.8
|
%
|
|
|
21.0
|
%
|
Customer E
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
12.9
|
%
|
* Less than 10%
There were $nil, $nil and $308 accounts
receivable written off during the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. There were net provision for (reversal
of) doubtful accounts of $274, $371 and (674) during the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. There were $nil,
$nil and $308 charge off of provision for doubtful accounts during the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
At March 31, 2017 and 2018, allowances for doubtful accounts were $1,252 and $270, respectively.
Concentrations of Suppliers
- For
the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, the Company had no single suppliers contributed over 10% of total purchase.
Country risk
- The Company has significant
investments in the PRC. The operating results of the Company may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social conditions
in the PRC, and by changes in Chinese government policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency
conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods taxation, among other things. There can be no assurance, however, those
changes in political and other conditions will not result in any adverse impact.
Investment price risk
- The Company
is exposed to equity price risk on marketable securities. The Company’s marketable securities are investment listed on the
Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. Decisions to buy and sell securities are based on daily monitoring of the performance of individual
securities compared to that of the Index and other industry indicators, as well as the Company’s liquidity needs. The Company
believes the exposure to investment price risk from the Company’s investment activities is acceptable in the Company’s
circumstances.
16. Segment Information
The Company has two reportable segments:
plastic injection molding and electronic products assembling. The Company’s reportable segments are strategic business units
that offer different products and services. They are managed separately because each business requires different technology and
marketing strategies. Most of the businesses were acquired as a unit, and the management at the time of the acquisition was retained.
The Company used to include the corporate expenses, which mainly
comprised of directors’ remuneration, legal and professional expenses and corporate insurance expenses, in the segment of
plastic injection. Commencing from this year, the corporate expenses are separately disclosed in the segment information for a
more precise presentation of the financial performance of each segment.
The accounting policies of the segments are
the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company accounts for intersegment sales and
transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties, that is, at current market prices.
16. Segment Information - continued
Contributions of the major activities, profitability
information and asset information of the Company’s reportable segments for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018
are as follows:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
|
Intersegment
Sales
|
|
|
Income
(loss)
before
income
tax
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
|
Intersegment
Sales
|
|
|
Income
(loss)
before
income
tax
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
|
Intersegment
Sales
|
|
|
Income
(loss)
before
income
tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Injection molded plastic parts
|
|
$
|
20,181
|
|
|
$
|
(356
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,378
|
)
|
|
$
|
23,594
|
|
|
$
|
(350
|
)
|
|
$
|
2,520
|
|
|
$
|
28,609
|
|
|
$
|
(394
|
)
|
|
$
|
5,405
|
|
Electronic products
|
|
|
24,847
|
|
|
|
(104
|
)
|
|
|
(2,105
|
)
|
|
|
21,331
|
|
|
|
(53
|
)
|
|
|
742
|
|
|
|
32,512
|
|
|
|
(60
|
)
|
|
|
2,047
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment total
|
|
$
|
45,028
|
|
|
$
|
(460
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,483
|
)
|
|
$
|
44,925
|
|
|
$
|
(403
|
)
|
|
$
|
3,262
|
|
|
$
|
61,121
|
|
|
$
|
(454
|
)
|
|
$
|
7,452
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation to consolidated totals:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales eliminations
|
|
|
(460
|
)
|
|
|
460
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(403
|
)
|
|
|
403
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(454
|
)
|
|
|
454
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Corporate expenses
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1,293
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1,677
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1,255
|
)
|
Consolidated totals:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales
|
|
$
|
44,568
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
44,522
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
60,667
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(4,776
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,585
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
6,197
|
|
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
|
|
Interest
income from bank deposits
|
|
|
Interest
expenses
|
|
|
Interest
income
from
bank
deposits
|
|
|
Interest
expenses
|
|
|
Interest
income
from
bank
deposits
|
|
|
Interest
expenses
|
|
Segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Injection molded plastic parts
|
|
$
|
364
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
306
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
257
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Electronic products
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Consolidated total
|
|
$
|
372
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
314
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
267
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
|
|
Identifiable
assets
|
|
Capital
expenditure
|
|
Depreciation
and
amortization
|
|
Identifiable
assets
|
|
Capital
expenditure
|
|
Depreciation
and
amortization
|
|
Identifiable
assets
|
|
Capital
expenditure
|
|
Depreciation
and
amortization
|
Segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Injection molded plastic parts
|
|
$
|
67,528
|
|
|
$
|
424
|
|
|
$
|
1,969
|
|
|
$
|
67,912
|
|
|
$
|
2,050
|
|
|
$
|
1,750
|
|
|
$
|
72,691
|
|
|
$
|
1,644
|
|
|
$
|
1,802
|
|
Electronic products
|
|
|
20,043
|
|
|
|
167
|
|
|
|
404
|
|
|
|
23,075
|
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
|
385
|
|
|
|
27,708
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
|
336
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Totals
|
|
$
|
87,571
|
|
|
$
|
591
|
|
|
$
|
2,373
|
|
|
$
|
90,987
|
|
|
$
|
2,152
|
|
|
$
|
2,135
|
|
|
$
|
100,399
|
|
|
$
|
1,707
|
|
|
$
|
2,138
|
|
16. Segment Information - continued
The Company’s sales are coordinated
through the Macao subsidiaries and a breakdown of sales by destination is as follows:
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Net sales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States of America
|
|
$
|
8,116
|
|
|
$
|
8,883
|
|
|
$
|
10,630
|
|
PRC
|
|
|
18,785
|
|
|
|
20,637
|
|
|
|
30,077
|
|
United Kingdom
|
|
|
1,007
|
|
|
|
1,515
|
|
|
|
2,878
|
|
Hong Kong
|
|
|
7,672
|
|
|
|
5,801
|
|
|
|
4,610
|
|
Europe
|
|
|
6,403
|
|
|
|
4,750
|
|
|
|
8,304
|
|
Others
|
|
|
2,585
|
|
|
|
2,936
|
|
|
|
4,168
|
|
Total net sales
|
|
$
|
44,568
|
|
|
$
|
44,552
|
|
|
$
|
60,667
|
|
The location of the Company’s identifiable
assets is as follows:
|
|
March 31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Hong Kong and Macao
|
|
$
|
34,821
|
|
|
$
|
39,024
|
|
PRC
|
|
|
56,166
|
|
|
|
61,375
|
|
Total identifiable assets
|
|
|
90,987
|
|
|
|
100,399
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
90,987
|
|
|
$
|
100,399
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17. Condensed Financial Information of Deswell Industries,
Inc.
The condensed financial
statements of Deswell Industries, Inc. have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America. Under the PRC laws and regulations, Deswell Industries, Inc.’s PRC subsidiaries are restricted in their
ability to transfer certain of their net assets to Deswell Industries, Inc. in the form of dividend payments, loans or advances.
The amounts restricted include paid-in capital and statutory reserves, as determined pursuant to PRC generally accepted accounting
principles, totaling $66,099 (equivalent to RMB 456 million) and $64,647 (equivalent to RMB 413 million) as of March 31, 2017
and 2018, respectively.
17. Condensed Financial Information of Deswell Industries,
Inc. - continued
Balance sheets
|
|
March
31,
|
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
174
|
|
|
$
|
259
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
Amounts due from subsidiaries
|
|
|
29,621
|
|
|
|
26,996
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
29,825
|
|
|
|
27,313
|
|
Investments in subsidiaries
|
|
|
48,083
|
|
|
|
55,669
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
77,908
|
|
|
$
|
82,982
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued payroll and employee benefits
|
|
$
|
1,588
|
|
|
$
|
1,590
|
|
Other accrued liabilities
|
|
|
119
|
|
|
|
113
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
1,707
|
|
|
|
1,703
|
|
Total shareholders’ equity
|
|
|
76,201
|
|
|
|
81,279
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
|
|
$
|
77,908
|
|
|
$
|
82,982
|
|
Statements of comprehensive income (loss)
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Equity in (loss) earnings of subsidiaries
|
|
$
|
(3,426
|
)
|
|
$
|
3,211
|
|
|
$
|
7,586
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
1,508
|
|
|
|
1,835
|
|
|
|
1,396
|
|
(Loss) income before income taxes
|
|
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
|
1,376
|
|
|
|
6,190
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
|
1,376
|
|
|
|
6,190
|
|
Share of other comprehensive income (loss) of subsidiaries
|
|
|
(73
|
)
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total comprehensive (loss) income
|
|
$
|
(5,007
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,387
|
|
|
$
|
6,190
|
|
17. Condensed Financial Information of Deswell Industries,
Inc. - continued
Statements of cash flows
|
|
Year ended March 31,
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2017
|
|
2018
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
$
|
(4,934
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,376
|
|
|
$
|
6,190
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity in loss (earnings) of subsidiaries
|
|
|
3,426
|
|
|
|
(3,211
|
)
|
|
|
(7,586
|
)
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
|
(28
|
)
|
Amounts due from subsidiaries
|
|
|
2,171
|
|
|
|
3,841
|
|
|
|
2,625
|
|
Accrued payroll and employee benefits
|
|
|
(89
|
)
|
|
|
362
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Other accrued liabilities
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
(6
|
)
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
611
|
|
|
|
2,436
|
|
|
|
1,197
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends paid
|
|
|
(1,686
|
)
|
|
|
(2,248
|
)
|
|
|
(1,112
|
)
|
Repurchase of common stock
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(308
|
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
|
(1,686
|
)
|
|
|
(2,556
|
)
|
|
|
(1,112
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(1,075
|
)
|
|
|
(120
|
)
|
|
|
85
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
|
|
|
1,369
|
|
|
|
294
|
|
|
|
174
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
|
|
$
|
294
|
|
|
$
|
174
|
|
|
$
|
259
|
|
17. Condensed Financial Information of Deswell Industries,
Inc. - continued
a) Basis
of presentation
In Deswell Industries, Inc. - only financial
statements, Deswell Industries, Inc.’s investments in subsidiaries are stated at cost plus its equity interest in undistributed
earnings of subsidiaries since inception. Accordingly, such financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
Deswell Industries, Inc. records its investments
in its subsidiaries under the equity method of accounting as prescribed in ASC 323 “Investment-Equity Method and Joint Ventures”.
Such investment is presented on the balance sheets as “Investments in subsidiaries” and share of the subsidiaries’
profit or loss as “Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiaries”, on the statements of comprehensive income (loss).
The subsidiaries paid dividends of $nil,
$nil and $nil to Deswell Industries, Inc. for the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
Certain information and footnote disclosures
normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed
or omitted.
b) Related
party transactions
For the years ended March 31, 2016, 2017
and 2018, related party transactions mainly composed of $120, $120 and $120 paid to Jetcrown Industrial (Macao Commercial Offshore)
Limited as service fee for each year.
18. Subsequent Events
None.
DESWELL INDUSTRIES, INC.
Item 19
.
EXHIBITS
The following documents are filed as exhibits herewith:
Exhibit
No.
|
|
Description
|
1.1
|
|
Memorandum and Articles of Association (as amended and restated on 13th December, 2007) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on December 31, 2007).
|
1.2
|
|
Amendment to Regulation 6.15 of registrant’s Articles of Association as filed with the Registrar of Corporate Affairs of the British Virgin Islands on March 26, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on March 31, 2010)
.
|
2.1
|
|
Form of common share certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Amendment No. 1 to Deswell’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on July 13, 1995).
|
4.1
|
|
2001 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 2001 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed with the SEC under cover of Form 6-K on December 12, 2001.)
|
4.2
|
|
2003 Stock Option Plan of Deswell Industries, Inc. (as adopted August 20, 2003 and amended August 1, 2005, August 17, 2007 and August 13, 2010) (incorporated by reference to Annex A to the Company’s Proxy Statement furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K on August 16, 2010).
|
8.1
|
|
Diagram of the Company’s operating subsidiaries and affiliates -
(see page 21 of this Report)
|
11.1
|
|
Code of Ethics (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 11.1 of registrant’s Form 20-F for the year ended March 31, 2004, filed with the SEC on July 16, 2004)
|
12.1
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
|
12.2
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
|
13.1
|
|
Certification Pursuant To 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002
|
15.1
|
|
Consent of BDO China Shu Lun Pan Certified Public Accountants LLP to incorporation of its report on the Company’s consolidated financial statements into Registrant’s Registration Statements on Form S-8.
|
101*
|
|
Financial information from registrant for the year ended March 31, 2018 formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL):
|
|
|
(a) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31,2017 and 2018;
(b) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018; (c) Consolidated
Statements of Shareholders Equity for the Years Ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018; (d) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
for the Years Ended March 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018; and (e) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
*Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files on Exhibit 101
hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and
otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.