EMAN eMagin Corporation

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK 

General

Our authorized capital stock consists of 200,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share. As of June 24, 2020, there were 61,215,265 shares of our common stock outstanding, 5,659 shares of our preferred stock outstanding, warrants issued in December 2015 to purchase 383,500 shares of our common stock, warrants issued in August 2016 to purchase 2,947,949 shares of our common stock outstanding, warrants issued in March 2017 to purchase 100,000 shares of our common stock outstanding,  warrants issued in May 2017 to purchase 1,650,000 shares of our common stock outstanding, warrants issued in January 2018 to purchase 4,004,324 shares of our common stock outstanding and warrants issued in April 2019 to purchase 6,210,000 shares of our common stock outstanding. 

The following summary description of our capital stock is based on the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, outstanding warrants and the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified entirely by reference to the applicable provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, outstanding warrants and the Delaware General Corporation Law. For information on how to obtain copies of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, which are exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, see “Where You Can Find Additional Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.”

Common Stock

We may issue shares of our common stock from time to time. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders. Holders of our common stock do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Subject to the preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor. Upon the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of our company, holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in all of our assets which are legally available for distribution after payment of all debts and other liabilities and liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred stock. There are no sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future. The outstanding shares of common stock are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

Warrants

As of June 24,  2020,  we had warrants outstanding and exercisable for 15,265,773 shares of our common stock. Below is a summary of  our outstanding warrants. 

2015 Warrants

The following description of our 2015 warrants is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the form of 2015 warrant, which filed as an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 18, 2015. You should review a copy of the form of 2015 warrant for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the 2015 warrants. The offering and sale of the 2015 warrants, and the shares of common stock underlying the 2015 warrants, were registered under the Prior Registration Statement.

Term. The 2015 warrants became exercisable commencing six months after the date of issuance, for five years, but not thereafter.

Exercise Price. The exercise price of the 2015 warrants is $2.05 per share. The exercise price and number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the 2015 warrants is subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividends and splits, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction.

Exercisability. The 2015 warrants became exercisable commencing six months after the date of issuance and are exercisable at any time during the applicable term of the 2015 warrant. The 2015 warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise. If there is no effective registration statement registering the issuance of the shares underlying the 2015 warrants, then the 2015 warrants may be exercised by means of a cashless exercise.

No fractional shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the 2015 warrants. As to any fraction of a share which the holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, we shall, at our election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price of the 2015 warrant or round up to the next whole share.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the 2015 warrants may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the 2015 warrants to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer.

Authorized Shares. During the period the 2015 warrants are outstanding, we will reserve from our authorized and unissued common stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of shares of common stock underlying the 2015 warrants upon the exercise of the 2015 warrants.

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of any fundamental transaction, as described in the 2015 warrants and generally including any merger with or into another entity, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, tender offer or exchange offer, or reclassification of our common stock, then upon any subsequent exercise of a 2015 warrant the holder shall have the right to receive as alternative consideration, for each share of our common stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of us, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration receivable upon or as a result of such transaction by a holder of the number of shares of our common stock for which the 2015 warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such event.

Right as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the 2015 warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of the 2015 warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their 2015 warrants.

Waivers and Amendments. The terms of any 2015 warrant may be amended or waived with our written consent and the written consent of the holder of such 2015 warrant.

Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of 2015 warrants does not have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.

2016 Warrants

The following description of our 2016 warrants is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the form of 2016 warrant, which filed as an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 24, 2016. You should review a copy of the form of 2016 warrant for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the 2016 warrants. The offering and sale of the 2016 warrants, and the shares of common stock underlying the 2016 warrants, were registered under the Prior Registration Statement.

Term. The 2016 warrants became exercisable six months after the date of issuance for five years, but not thereafter.

Exercise Price. The exercise price of the 2016 warrants is $2.60 per share. The exercise price and number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the 2016 warrants is subject to adjustment in the event of any

stock dividends and splits, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction. The exercise price can also be lowered by us, with the prior written consent of the holders of a majority in interest of the 2016 warrants then outstanding, unless prohibited by the listing rules of the exchange on which our common stock is listed.

Exercisability. The 2016 warrants became exercisable commencing six months after the date of issuance and are exercisable at any time during the applicable term of the 2016 warrant. The 2016 warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise. If there is no effective registration statement registering the issuance of the shares underlying the 2016 warrants, then the 2016 warrants may be exercised by means of a cashless exercise.

No fractional shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the 2016 warrants. As to any fraction of a share which the holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, we shall, at our election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price of the 2016 warrant or round up to the next whole share.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the 2016 warrants may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the 2016 warrants to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer, provided that we may require an opinion of counsel in connection with certain transfers.

Authorized Shares. During the period the 2016 warrants are outstanding, we will reserve from our authorized and unissued common stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of shares of common stock underlying the 2016 warrants upon the exercise of the 2016 warrants.

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of any fundamental transaction, as described in the 2016 warrants and generally including any merger with or into another entity, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, tender offer or exchange offer, or reclassification of our common stock, then upon any subsequent exercise of a 2016 warrant the holder shall have the right to receive as alternative consideration, for each share of our common stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of us, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional    consideration receivable upon or as a result of such transaction by a holder of the number of shares of our common stock for which the 2016 warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such event.

Right as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the 2016 warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of the 2016 warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their 2016 warrants.

Waiver and Amendments. The terms of any 2016 warrant, other than a lowering of the exercise price as described above, may be amended or waived with our written consent and the written consent of the holder of such 2016 warrant.

Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of 2016 warrants does not have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.

Financing Warrants

On March 24, 2017, we entered into an unsecured debt financing arrangement with Stillwater Trust LLC, or Stillwater,  an investor who with affiliates collectively control approximately 42% of our outstanding common stock. In connection with the financing arrangement,  Stillwater received a warrant to purchase 100,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.25 per share, the closing market price of our common stock on the date the financing arrangement was executed. On May 24, 2017, we voluntarily terminated the financing arrangement. As of the date of its termination, there were no amounts outstanding under the financing arrangement.  

Term. The financing warrants became exercisable six months after the date of issuance for five years, but not thereafter.

Exercise Price. The exercise price of the financing warrants is $2.25 per share. The exercise price and number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the financing warrants is subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividends and splits, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction. The exercise price can also be lowered by us, with the prior written consent of the holders of a majority in interest of the financing warrants then outstanding, unless prohibited by the listing rules of the exchange on which our common stock is listed.

Exercisability. The financing warrants became exercisable commencing six months after the date of issuance and are exercisable at any time during the applicable term of the financing warrant. The financing warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise.

No fractional shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the financing warrants. As to any fraction of a share which the holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, we shall, at our election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price of the financing warrant or round up to the next whole share.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the financing warrants may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the financing warrants to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer, provided that we may require an opinion of counsel in connection with certain transfers.

Authorized Shares. During the period the financing warrants are outstanding, we will reserve from our authorized and unissued common stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of shares of common stock underlying the financing warrants upon the exercise of the financing warrants.

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of any fundamental transaction, as described in the financing warrants and generally including any merger with or into another entity, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, tender offer or exchange offer, or reclassification of our common stock, then upon any subsequent exercise of a financing warrant the holder shall have the right to receive as alternative consideration, for each share of our common stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of us, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional    consideration receivable upon or as a result of such transaction by a holder of the number of shares of our common stock for which the financing warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such event.

Right as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the financing warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of the financing warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their financing warrants.

Waiver and Amendments. The terms of any financing warrant, other than a lowering of the exercise price as described above, may be amended or waived with our written consent and the written consent of the holder of such financing warrant.

2017 Warrants

The following description of our 2017 warrants is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the form of 2017 warrant, which filed as an exhibit to our current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 24, 2017. You should review a copy of the form of 2017 warrant for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the 2017 warrants. The offering and sale of the 2017 warrants, and the shares of common stock underlying the 2017 warrants, were registered under the Prior Registration Statement.

Term. The 2017 warrants are immediately exercisable upon issuance for five years from the date of issuance, but not thereafter.

Exercise Price. The exercise price of the 2017 warrants is $2.45 per share. The exercise price and number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the 2017 warrants is subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividends and splits, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction. The exercise price can also be lowered by us, with the prior written consent of the holders of a majority in interest of the 2017 warrants then outstanding, unless prohibited by the listing rules of the exchange on which our common stock is listed.

Exercisability. The 2017 warrants are immediately exercisable upon issuance and are exercisable at any time during the applicable term of the 2017 warrant. The 2017  warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise. If there is no effective registration statement registering the issuance of the shares underlying the 2017  warrants, then the 2017  warrants may be exercised by means of a cashless exercise.

No fractional shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the 2017  warrants. As to any fraction of a share which the holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, we shall, at our election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price of the 2017  warrant or round up to the next whole share.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the 2017  warrants may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the 2017  warrants to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer, provided that we may require an opinion of counsel in connection with certain transfers..

Authorized Shares. During the period the 2017  warrants are outstanding, we will reserve from our authorized and unissued common stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of shares of common stock underlying the 2017  warrants upon the exercise of the 2017  warrants.

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of any fundamental transaction, as described in the 2017 warrants and generally including any merger with or into another entity, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, tender offer or exchange offer, or reclassification of our common stock, then upon any subsequent exercise of a 2017 warrant the holder shall have the right to receive as alternative consideration, for each share of our common stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of us, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional    consideration receivable upon or as a result of such transaction by a holder of the number of shares of our common stock for which the 2017  warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such event. Any successor to us or surviving entity is obligated to assume the obligations under the Warrant.

Right as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the 2017  warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of the 2017  warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their 2017  warrants.

Waiver and Amendments. The terms of any 2017  warrant, other than a lowering of the exercise price as described above, may be amended or waived with our written consent and the written consent of the holder of such 2017  warrant.

Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of 2017  warrants does not have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.

2018 Warrants

The following description of our 2018 warrants is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the prospectus supplement filed on Form 424(b)(4) on January 25, 2018. You should review a copy of the prospectus supplement for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the 2018  warrants. The offering and sale of the 2018 warrants, and the shares of common stock underlying the 2018 warrants, were registered under the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-222375), as supplemented by the registration statement on Form S-1 filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act.

Term. The 2018 warrants are immediately exercisable upon issuance for five years from the date of issuance, but not thereafter.

Exercise Price. The exercise price of the 2018 warrants subject to the underwriting agreement is $1.35 per share. The exercise price and number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the 2018 warrants is subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividends and splits, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction. The exercise price can also be lowered by us, with the prior written consent of the holders of a majority in interest of the 2018 warrants then outstanding, unless prohibited by the listing rules of the exchange on which our common stock is listed.

Exercisability. The 2018 warrants are immediately exercisable upon issuance and are exercisable at any time during the applicable term of the 2018 warrant. The 2018 warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise. If there is no effective registration statement registering the issuance of the shares underlying the 2018 warrants, then the 2018 warrants may be exercised by means of a cashless exercise.

No fractional shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the 2018 warrants. As to any fraction of a share which the holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, we shall, at our election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price of the 2018 warrant or round up to the next whole share.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the 2018 warrants may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the 2018 warrants to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer, provided that we may require an opinion of counsel in connection with certain transfers.

Authorized Shares. During the period the 2018 warrants are outstanding, we will reserve from our authorized and unissued common stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of shares of common stock underlying the 2018 warrants upon the exercise of the 2018 warrants.

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of any fundamental transaction, as described in the 2018 warrants and generally including any merger with or into another entity, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, tender offer or exchange offer, or reclassification of our common stock, then upon any subsequent exercise of a 2018 warrant the holder shall have the right to receive as alternative consideration, for each share of our common stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of us, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional    consideration receivable upon or as a result of such transaction by a holder of the number of shares of our common stock for which the 2018 warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such event. Any successor to us or surviving entity is obligated to assume the obligations under the Warrant.

Right as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the 2018 warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of the 2018 warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their 2018 warrants.

Waiver and Amendments. The terms of any 2018 warrant, other than a lowering of the exercise price as described above, may be amended or waived with our written consent and the written consent of the holder of such 2018 warrant.

Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of 2018 warrants does not have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.

In connection with the offering and sale of the 2018 warrants, certain of our directors and executive officers, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, purchased $275,000 of shares of our common stock and warrants in a separate concurrent private placement in a fixed combination at a public offering price of $1.35 and the same terms as described above. The sale of such shares of common stock and warrants in the concurrent private placement was not registered under the Securities Act.

April 4, 2019 Warrants

The following description of our April 4, 2019 warrants is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the form of April 4, 2019 warrant, which filed as exhibits to our current report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 8, 2019. You should review a copy of the form of April 4, 2019 warrant for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the April 4, 2019 warrants. You should review a copy of the form of April 4, 2019 warrant for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the April 4, 2019 warrants. The offering and sale of the April 4, 2019 warrants, and the shares of common stock underlying the April 4, 2019 warrants, were not registered under the Securities Act, and were offered pursuant to the exemption provided in Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) promulgated thereunder.  

Term. The April 4, 2019 warrants are exercisable six months after issuance upon issuance for five and a half years from the date of issuance, but not thereafter.

Exercise Price. The exercise price of the April 4, 2019 warrants is $0.78 per share. The exercise price and number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the April 4, 2019 warrants is subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividends and splits, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction. The exercise price can also be lowered by us, with the prior written consent of the holders of a majority in interest of the April 4, 2019 warrants then outstanding, unless prohibited by the listing rules of the exchange on which our common stock is listed. 

Exercisability. The April 4, 2019 warrants are exercisable six months after issuance and are exercisable at any time during the applicable term of the April 4, 2019 warrant. The April 4, 2019 warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise. If there is no effective registration statement registering the issuance of the shares underlying the April 4, 2019 warrants, then the April 4, 2019 warrants may be exercised by means of a cashless exercise. In no circumstances will the Company be required to net settle the April 4, 2019 warrants.

No fractional shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the April 4, 2019 warrants. As to any fraction of a share which the holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, we shall, at our election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price of the April 4, 2019 warrant or round up to the next whole share.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the April 4, 2019 warrants may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the April 4, 2019 warrants to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer, provided that we may require an opinion of counsel in connection with certain transfers.

Authorized Shares. During the period the April 4, 2019 warrants are outstanding, we will reserve from our authorized and unissued common stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of shares of common stock underlying the April 4, 2019 warrants upon the exercise of the April 4, 2019 warrants.

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of any fundamental transaction, as described in the April 4, 2019 warrants and generally including any merger with or into another entity, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, tender

offer or exchange offer, or reclassification of our common stock, then upon any subsequent exercise of a April 4, 2019 warrant the holder shall have the right to receive as alternative consideration, for each share of our common stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of us, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration receivable upon or as a result of such transaction by a holder of the number of shares of our common stock for which the April 4, 2019 warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such event. Any successor to us or surviving entity is obligated to assume the obligations under the Warrant.

Right as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the April 4, 2019 warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of the April 4, 2019 warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their April 4, 2019 warrants.

Waiver and Amendments. The terms of any April 4, 2019 warrant, other than a lowering of the exercise price as described above, may be amended or waived with our written consent and the written consent of the holder of such April 4, 2019 warrant.

Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of April 4, 2019 warrants does not have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.

April 9,  2019 Warrants

The following description of our April 9, 2019 warrants is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the form of April 9, 2019 warrant, which filed as exhibits to our current reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 11, 2019. You should review a copy of the form of April 9, 2019 warrant for a complete description of the terms and conditions applicable to the April 9, 2019 warrants. The offering and sale of 4,000,000 additional shares of the April 9, 2019 warrants at a negotiated purchase price of $0.49, and the shares of common stock underlying the April 9, 2019 warrants, were registered under the Prior Registration Statement.  

Term. The April 9, 2019 warrants are immediately exercisable upon issuance for five years from the date of issuance, but not thereafter.

Exercise Price. The exercise price of the April 9, 2019 warrants is $0.01 per share. The exercise price and number of shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the April 9, 2019 warrants is subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividends and splits, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction. The exercise price can also be lowered by us, with the prior written consent of the holders of a majority in interest of the April 9, 2019 warrants then outstanding, unless prohibited by the listing rules of the exchange on which our common stock is listed.

Exercisability. The April 9, 2019 warrants are immediately exercisable upon issuance and are exercisable at any time during the applicable term of the 2019 warrant. The April 9, 2019 warrants are exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our common stock purchased upon such exercise. If there is no effective registration statement registering the issuance of the shares underlying the April 9, 2019 warrants, then the April 9, 2019 warrants may be exercised by means of a cashless exercise. In no circumstances will the Company be required to net settle the April 9, 2019 warrants.

No fractional shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the April 9, 2019 warrants. As to any fraction of a share which the holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, we shall, at our election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price of the April 9, 2019 warrant or round up to the next whole share.

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the April 9, 2019 warrants may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the April 9, 2019 warrants to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer, provided that we may require an opinion of counsel in connection with certain transfers.

Authorized Shares. During the period the April 9, 2019 warrants are outstanding, we will reserve from our authorized and unissued common stock a sufficient number of shares to provide for the issuance of shares of common stock underlying the April 9, 2019 warrants upon the exercise of the April 9, 2019 warrants.

Fundamental Transactions. In the event of any fundamental transaction, as described in the April 9, 2019 warrants and generally including any merger with or into another entity, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, tender offer or exchange offer, or reclassification of our common stock, then upon any subsequent exercise of a April 9, 2019 warrant the holder shall have the right to receive as alternative consideration, for each share of our common stock that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such fundamental transaction, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of us, if we are the surviving corporation, and any additional    consideration receivable upon or as a result of such transaction by a holder of the number of shares of our common stock for which the April 9, 2019 warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such event. Any successor to us or surviving entity is obligated to assume the obligations under the Warrant.

Right as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the April 9, 2019 warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holders of the April 9, 2019 warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our common stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their April 9, 2019 warrants.

Waiver and Amendments. The terms of any April 9, 2019 warrant, other than a lowering of the exercise price as described above, may be amended or waived with our written consent and the written consent of the holder of such April 9, 2019 warrant.

Beneficial Ownership Limitation. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of April 9, 2019 warrants does not have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.

In connection with the offering and sale of the April 9, 2019 warrants, certain of the purchasers of the April 9, 2019 warrants purchased 3,000,000 warrants issuable upon exercise of the April 9, 2019 warrants and exercisable six months after issuance at an initial exercise price of $0.78 and expiring five and a half years after the date of issuance. Such warrants are otherwise subject to the same terms as the April 9, 2019 warrants described above. The sale of such shares of common stock and warrants in the concurrent private placement was not registered under the Securities Act.

Preferred Stock

We may issue shares of our preferred stock from time to time, in one or more series. The 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized are undesignated as to preferences, privileges and restrictions. Our Board of Directors will determine the rights, preferences and privileges of the shares of each wholly unissued series, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, including dividend rights, conversion rights, preemptive rights, terms of redemption or repurchase, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series.    

On December 19, 2008, we filed a  Certificate of Designations with the State of Delaware which designates 10,000 shares of our preferred stock as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. The preferred stock has a stated value of $1,000 and has a conversion price of $0.75 per share. The preferred stock does not pay interest. The holders of the preferred stock are not entitled to receive dividends unless the Board of Directors declares a dividend for holders of our common stock and then the dividend shall be equal to the amount that such holder would have been entitled to receive if the holder converted its preferred stock into shares of our common stock. Each share of preferred stock has voting rights equal to (i) the number of shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of such shares of preferred stock at such time (determined without regard to the shares of common stock so issuable upon such

conversion in respect of accrued and unpaid dividends on such share of preferred stock) when the preferred stock votes together with our common stock or any other class or series of our capital stock and (ii) one vote per share of preferred stock when such vote is not covered by the immediately preceding clause. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, the preferred stock is entitled to receive liquidation preference before the common stock. We may at our option redeem the preferred stock by providing the required notice to the holders of the preferred stock and paying an amount equal to $1,000 multiplied by the number of shares for all of such holder’s shares of outstanding preferred stock to be redeemed.

If we sell any series of preferred stock under this prospectus, we will fix the rights, preferences and privileges of the preferred stock of such series, as well as any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of that series of preferred stock. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you related to the series of preferred stock being offered, as well as the complete certificate of designation that contains the terms of the applicable series of preferred stock. 

The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the state of our incorporation, provides that the holders of preferred stock will have the right to vote separately as a class (or, in some cases, as a series) on an amendment to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation if the amendment would change the par value, the number of authorized shares of the class or the powers, preferences or special rights of the class or series so as to adversely affect the class or series, as the case may be. This right is in addition to any voting rights that may be provided for in the applicable certificate of designation.

Our Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in our control and may adversely affect the market price of the common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock.

Delaware Law and Certain Charter and By-law Provisions 

Provisions of Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation and our by-laws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in control that stockholders may consider favorable. These provisions may also prevent or delay attempts by stockholders to replace or remove our current management or members of our Board of Directors. These provisions include: 

In addition, we are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law statute. Section 203 prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes mergers, asset sales and other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Subject to certain exceptions, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within the prior three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock.

Our certificate of incorporation contains certain provisions permitted under Delaware General Corporation Law relating to the liability of directors. The provisions eliminate a director’s liability for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty, except in certain circumstances where such liability may not be eliminated under applicable law. Further, our certificate of incorporation contains provisions to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware General Corporation Law. 

DESCRIPTION OF OUR DEBT SECURITIES 

The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplements or free writing prospectuses that we may authorize to be distributed to purchasers, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus. We may issue debt securities, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. We refer to the senior and subordinated debt and senior and subordinated convertible debt collectively as debt securities. While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any future debt securities we may offer under this prospectus, a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. The terms of any debt securities we offer under a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may differ from the general terms we describe below.

We may issue senior debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, under a senior indenture to be entered into between us and a senior trustee to be named in a prospectus supplement, which we refer to as the senior trustee. We may issue subordinated debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, under a subordinated indenture to be entered into between us and a subordinated trustee to be named in a prospectus supplement, which we refer to as the subordinated trustee. The forms of senior indenture and subordinated indenture are filed as exhibits to this registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Together, the senior indenture and the subordinated indenture are referred to as the indentures and, together, the senior trustee and the subordinated trustee are referred to as the trustees. This prospectus briefly outlines some of the provisions of the indentures.

None of the indentures will limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. The applicable indenture will provide that debt securities may be issued up to an aggregate principal amount authorized from time to time by us and may be payable in any currency or currency unit designated by us or in amounts determined by reference to an index.

The following summaries of material provisions of the senior debt securities, the subordinated debt securities and the indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete applicable indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities.

General

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:

We may, from time to time, without notice to or the consent of the holders of any series of debt securities, create and issue further debt securities of any such series ranking equally with the debt securities of such series in all respects (or in all respects other than (a) the payment of interest accruing prior to the issue date of such further debt securities or (b) the first payment of interest following the issue date of such further debt securities). Such further debt securities may be consolidated and form a single series with the debt securities of such series and have the same terms as to status, redemption or otherwise as the debt securities of such series.

 Certain Terms of the Senior Debt Securities

Conversion or Exchange Rights. We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus the terms on which a series of senior debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, our preferred stock or other securities (including securities of a third-party). We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock, our preferred stock or other securities (including securities of a third-party) that the holders of the series of senior debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale. Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of senior debt securities, the senior debt securities will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets must assume all of our obligations under the senior indenture or the senior debt securities, as appropriate. If the senior debt securities are convertible into or exchangeable for other securities of ours or securities of other entities, the person with whom we consolidate or merge or to whom we sell all of our property must make provisions for the conversion of the senior debt securities into securities that the holders of the senior debt securities would have received if they had converted the senior debt securities before the consolidation, merger or sale.

No Protection in the Event of a Change in Control. Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of senior debt securities, the senior debt securities will not contain any provisions that may afford holders of the senior debt securities protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change in control).

Events of Default. Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of senior debt securities, the following are events of default under the senior indenture with respect to any series of senior debt securities that we may issue:

We will describe in each applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus any additional events of default relating to the relevant series of senior debt securities.

If an event of default with respect to senior debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the senior trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding senior debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the senior trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the unpaid principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of senior debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the senior trustee or any holder.

Unless otherwise specified in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of senior debt securities originally issued at a discount, the amount due upon acceleration shall include only the original issue price of the senior debt securities, the amount of original issue discount accrued to the date of acceleration and accrued interest, if any.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding senior debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the senior indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

Upon certain conditions, declarations of acceleration may be rescinded and annulled and past defaults may be waived by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all the senior debt securities of such series affected by the default. Furthermore, prior to a declaration of acceleration and subject to various provisions in the senior indenture, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of a series of senior debt securities, by notice to the senior trustee, may waive an existing default or event of default with respect to such senior debt securities and its consequences, except a default in the payment of principal of, premium, if any, on or interest on such senior debt securities. Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any event of default with respect to such senior debt securities shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of the senior indenture, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or event of default or impair any right consequent thereto.

The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of a series of senior debt securities will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the senior trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the senior trustee with respect to such senior debt securities. However, the senior trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or the senior indenture that may involve the senior trustee in personal liability or that the senior trustee determines in good faith may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of holders of such series of senior debt securities not joining in the giving of such direction and may take any other action it deems proper that is not inconsistent with any such direction received from holders of such series of senior debt securities. A holder of the senior debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the senior indenture or to appoint a receiver or senior trustee, or to seek other remedies if:

These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of senior debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the senior debt securities, or other defaults that may be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus.

Modification and Waiver. We and the senior trustee may amend, supplement or modify the senior indenture or the senior debt securities without the consent of any holders with respect to the following specific matters:

Other amendments and modifications of the senior indenture or the senior debt securities issued may be made, and our compliance with any provision of the senior indenture with respect to any series of senior debt securities may be waived, with the consent of the holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding senior debt securities of all series affected by the amendment or modification (voting together as a single class); provided, however, that each affected holder must consent to any modification, amendment or waiver that:

Satisfaction and Discharge. We can elect satisfy and discharge our obligations with respect to one or more series of senior debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:

In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the senior trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium and interest on, the senior debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

Under current U.S. federal income tax law, the deposit and our legal release from the senior debt securities would be treated as though we took back a holder’s senior debt securities and gave such holder his or her share of the cash and debt securities or bonds deposited in trust. In that event, such holder could recognize gain or loss on the senior debt securities such holder gives back to us. Holders of the senior debt securities should consult their own advisers with respect to the tax consequences to them of such deposit and discharge, including the applicability and effect of tax laws other than the U.S. federal income tax law.

Information Concerning the Senior Trustee. The senior trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under the senior indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable senior indenture and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into the senior indenture against the senior trustee. Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an event of default under the senior indenture, the senior trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs.

Subject to this provision, the senior trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the senior indenture at the request of any holder of senior debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

We may have normal banking relationships with the senior trustee in the ordinary course of business.

Certain Terms of the Subordinated Debt Securities

Other than the terms of the subordinated indenture and subordinated debt securities relating to subordination or otherwise as described in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus relating to a particular series of subordinated debt securities, the terms of the subordinated indenture and subordinated debt securities are identical in all material respects to the terms of the senior indenture and senior debt securities.

Additional or different subordination terms may be specified in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series.

Subordination. The indebtedness evidenced by the subordinated debt securities is subordinate to the prior payment in full of all of our senior indebtedness, as defined in the subordinated indenture. During the continuance beyond any applicable grace period of any default in the payment of principal, premium, interest or any other payment due on any of our senior indebtedness, we may not make any payment of principal of, or premium, if any, on or interest on the subordinated debt securities (except for certain sinking fund payments). In addition, upon any payment or distribution of our assets upon any dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization, the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, on and interest on the subordinated debt securities will be subordinated to the extent provided in the subordinated indenture in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all our senior indebtedness. Because of this subordination, if we dissolve or otherwise liquidate, holders of our subordinated debt securities may

receive less, ratably, than holders of our senior indebtedness. The subordination provisions do not prevent the occurrence of an event of default under the subordinated indenture.

Governing Law

The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York.

Ranking of Debt Securities

The senior debt securities will rank equally in right of payment to all our other senior unsecured debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in priority of payment to certain of our other indebtedness (including senior debt securities) to the extent described in a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus.

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS 

The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplements or free writing prospectuses that we may authorize to be distributed to purchasers, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. Warrants may be offered independently or together with common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, and may be attached to or separate from those securities. While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any future warrants we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any warrants that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. The terms of any warrants we offer under a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may differ from the general terms we describe below. If there are differences between that prospectus supplement and this prospectus, the prospectus supplement will control. Thus, the statements we make in this section may not apply to a particular series of warrants.

We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant agreement, including a form of warrant certificate, that describes the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering before the issuance of the related series of warrants. The following summaries of material provisions of the warrants and the warrant agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement and warrant certificate applicable to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectuses, and the complete warrant agreements and warrant certificates that contain the terms of the warrants.

General

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants being offered. If warrants for the purchase of debt securities are offered, the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will describe the following terms, to the extent applicable:

Warrants for the purchase of debt securities will be in registered form only.

If warrants for the purchase of common stock or preferred stock are offered, the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will describe the following terms, to the extent applicable:

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including the right to receive dividends, if any, or, payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

Exercise of Warrants

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

Holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants by delivering the warrant certificate representing the warrants to be exercised together with specified information, and paying the required amount to the warrant agent in immediately available funds, as provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth on the reverse side of the warrant certificate and in the applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of the warrant will be required to deliver to the warrant agent.

Until the warrant is properly exercised, no holder of any warrant will be entitled to any rights of a holder of the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrant.

Upon receipt of the required payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If fewer than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate are exercised, then we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining amount of warrants. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.

Governing Law

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and warrant agreements will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants

Any warrant agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants in accordance with the terms of such warrants.  

Calculation Agent

Calculations relating to warrants may be made by a calculation agent, an institution that we appoint as our agent for this purpose. The prospectus supplement for a particular warrant will name the institution that we have appointed to act as the calculation agent for that warrant as of the original issue date for that warrant. We may appoint a different institution to serve as calculation agent from time to time after the original issue date without the consent or notification of the holders. 

The calculation agent’s determination of any amount of money payable or securities deliverable with respect to a warrant will be final and binding in the absence of manifest error.

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS 

The following description, together with the additional information that we include in any applicable prospectus supplements or free writing prospectuses that we may authorize to be distributed to purchasers, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. We may issue, in one more series, units consisting of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities and/or warrants for the purchase of common stock and/or preferred stock in any combination. While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any future series of units we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. The terms of any series of units we offer under a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may differ from the general of terms we described below.

We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of units that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectuses and the complete unit agreement and any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units.

General

Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units being offered, including:

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “Description of Capital Stock” and “Description of Warrants” will apply to each unit and to any common stock, preferred stock or warrant included in each unit, respectively.

Issuance in Series

We may issue units in such amounts and in such numerous distinct series as we determine.

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units

Each unit agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit may, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.

Title

We, and any unit agent and any of their agents, may treat the registered holder of any unit certificate as an absolute owner of the units evidenced by that certificate for any purpose and as the person entitled to exercise the rights attaching to the units so requested, despite any notice to the contrary.

FORMS OF SECURITIES 

General

Each debt security, unit and warrant will be represented either by a certificate issued in definitive form to a particular purchaser or by one or more global securities representing the entire issuance of securities. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, certificated securities in definitive form and global securities will be issued in registered form. Definitive securities name you or your nominee as the owner of the security, and in order to transfer or exchange these securities or to receive payments other than interest or other interim payments, you or your nominee must physically deliver the securities to the trustee, registrar, paying agent or other agent, as applicable. Global securities name a depositary or its nominee as the owner of the debt securities, units or warrants represented by these global securities. The depositary maintains a computerized system that will reflect each purchaser’s beneficial ownership of the securities through an account maintained by the purchaser with its broker/dealer, bank, trust company or other representative, as we explain more fully below.

Registered Global Securities

We may issue the registered debt securities, units and warrants in the form of one or more fully registered global securities that will be deposited with a depositary or its nominee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of that depositary or nominee. In those cases, one or more registered global securities will be issued in a denomination or aggregate denominations equal to the portion of the aggregate principal or face amount of the securities to be represented by registered global securities. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole for securities in definitive registered form, a registered global security may not be transferred except as a whole by and among the depositary for the registered global security, the nominees of the depositary or any successors of the depositary or those nominees.

If not described below, any specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any securities to be represented by a registered global security will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to those securities. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements.

Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be limited to persons, called participants, that have accounts with the depositary or persons that may hold interests through participants. Upon the issuance of a registered global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal or face amounts of the securities beneficially owned by the participants. Any dealers, underwriters or agents participating in the distribution of the securities will designate the accounts to be credited. Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary, with respect to interests of participants, and on the records of participants, with respect to interests of persons holding through participants. The laws of some states may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of these securities in definitive form. These laws may impair such purchasers’ abilities to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in registered global securities.

So long as the depositary, or its nominee, is the registered owner of a registered global security, that depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the securities represented by the registered global security for all purposes under the applicable indenture, unit agreement or warrant agreement. Except as described below, owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security will not be entitled to have the securities represented by the registered global security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the securities in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders of the securities under the applicable indenture, unit agreement or warrant agreement. Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for that registered global security and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which the person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the applicable indenture, unit agreement or warrant agreement. We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a registered global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the applicable indenture, unit agreement or warrant agreement, the depositary for the registered global security would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take that action,

and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through them to give or take that action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.

Principal, premium, if any, on and interest payments on debt securities, and any payments to holders with respect to warrants, or units, represented by a registered global security registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the registered global security. None of us, the trustees, the warrant agents, the unit agents or any other agent of ours, agent of the trustees or agent of the warrant agents or unit agents will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the registered global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to those beneficial ownership interests.

We expect that the depositary for any of the securities represented by a registered global security, upon receipt of any payment of principal, premium, interest or other distribution of underlying securities or other property to holders on that registered global security, will immediately credit participants’ accounts in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in that registered global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security held through participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of those participants.

If the depositary for any of the securities represented by a registered global security is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or Exchange Act, and a successor depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act is not appointed by us within 90 days, we will issue securities in definitive form in exchange for the registered global security that had been held by the depositary. Any securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a registered global security will be registered in the name or names that the depositary gives to the relevant trustee, warrant agent, unit agent or other relevant agent of ours or theirs. It is expected that the depositary’s instructions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the registered global security that had been held by the depositary.