As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 27, 2018
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Nasdaq, Inc.
(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
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Delaware
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52-1165937
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(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
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(IRS Employer
Identification Number)
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One Liberty Plaza
New York, New York 10006
+1 212 401 8700
(Address,
Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrants Principal Executive Offices)
Edward S.
Knight, Esq.
Executive Vice President and Global Chief Legal and Policy Officer
Nasdaq, Inc.
One Liberty
Plaza
New York, New York 10006
+1 212 401 8700
(Name,
Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service of Process)
Copies To:
Justin P. Klein, Esq.
Gerald J. Guarcini, Esq.
Ballard Spahr LLP
1735
Market Street, 51
st
Floor
Philadelphia, PA 19103
+1 215 665 8500
Approximate
Date of Commencement of Proposed Sale to the Public:
From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.
If
the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box: ☐
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the
Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box: ☒
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the
following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the
Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If
this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following
box. ☒
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D.
filed to register additional securities or additional class of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated
filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, smaller reporting
company and emerging growth company in Rule
12b-2
of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer
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☒
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Accelerated filer
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☐
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Non-accelerated
filer
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☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller reporting company
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☐
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Emerging growth company
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☐
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended
transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Title of Each Class of
Securities to be Registered
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Amount
to be
Registered
(1)
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Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
(1)
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Proposed
Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price
(1)
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Amount of
Registration Fee
(2)
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Debt Securities
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Guarantees of Debt Securities
(3)
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Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share
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Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
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Warrants
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Subscription Rights
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Depositary Shares
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Purchase Contracts
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Units
(4)
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Total
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(1)
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Not applicable pursuant to Form S-3 General Instructions II.E. An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of securities of each identified class (the Securities) is being registered for sale
from time to time at indeterminate prices. Includes such indeterminate amounts of securities as may be issued upon exercise, conversion or exchange of any Securities that provide for that issuance. Also includes such indeterminate amount as may be
issued in units. Separate consideration may or may not be received for any of these Securities.
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(2)
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In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fee.
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(3)
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Pursuant to Rule 457(n) under the Securities Act of 1933, no separate registration fee will be paid with respect to the registration of the guarantees.
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(4)
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Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately, together or as units with other securities registered hereunder.
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Debt Securities, Guarantees of Debt Securities, Preferred Stock, Common Stock, Warrants, Subscription
Rights,
Depositary Shares, Purchase Contracts and Units
We may, from time to time, offer:
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Debt securities, which may be senior, subordinated or junior subordinated and convertible or non-convertible;
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Guarantees of debt securities;
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Shares of our preferred stock;
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Shares of our common stock;
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Purchase contracts; and
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Units, comprised of two or more of any of the securities referred above, in any combination,
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together or
separately, and in amounts, at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of the offering. In addition, certain other persons to be identified in a prospectus supplement may offer and sell our securities.
This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may apply to these securities and the manner in which they may be offered. We will
deliver this prospectus together with an accompanying prospectus supplement setting forth the specific terms of the securities we are offering and the manner in which they will be offered.
You should read this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein carefully
before you invest in our securities. THIS PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO SELL SECURITIES UNLESS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.
We, or any selling securityholders, may offer and sell the securities to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly
to purchasers, on a continuous or delayed basis. The prospectus supplement for each offering will describe in detail the plan of distribution for that offering and will set forth the names of any agents, underwriters or dealers involved in the
offering and any applicable fees, commissions or discount arrangements. The net proceeds we expect to receive from sales will be set forth in the prospectus supplement. For more detailed information, see Plan of Distribution in this
prospectus.
Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the trading symbol NDAQ. Each prospectus supplement will indicate if
the securities offered thereby will be listed on any securities exchange.
INVESTING
IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES CERTAIN RISKS. SEE
RISK FACTORS
ON PAGE 4 AND, IF APPLICABLE, ANY RISK FACTORS THAT ARE DESCRIBED IN ANY ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT OR IN OUR SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION FILINGS THAT ARE INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE INTO THIS PROSPECTUS.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission,
any state securities commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is April 27, 2018.
Table of Contents
i
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a
shelf registration process for the delayed offering and sale of securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Under this shelf process (i) we may, from time to time, offer an
indeterminate number of any of the securities described in this prospectus, together or separately, in one or more offerings, and (ii) the selling securityholders to be named in a prospectus supplement may offer, from time to time, an
indeterminate number of our securities.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we or the selling
securityholders may offer. As allowed by SEC rules, this prospectus does not contain all the information you can find in the registration statement or the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Statements
contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or other offering materials about the provisions or contents of any agreement or other document are only summaries. If SEC rules require that any agreement or document be filed
as an exhibit to the registration statement, you should refer to that agreement or document for its complete contents.
Each time we, or
the selling securityholders, as the case may be, offer our securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change
information contained in this prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the applicable prospectus supplement. You should read
both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, together with additional information described under the headings Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.
The registration statement containing this prospectus, including the exhibits to the registration statement, provides additional information
about us and the securities to be offered. The registration statement, including the exhibits, can be read at the SEC web site or at the SEC offices mentioned under the heading Where You Can Find More Information. General information
about us, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, as well as any amendments and exhibits to those reports, are available free of charge through our website at
http://business.nasdaq.com
as soon as reasonably practicable after we file them with, or furnish them to, the SEC. Information on our website is not incorporated into this prospectus or our other securities filings and is not a part of these
filings.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and the information to which we have referred you. We have
not authorized any other person to provide you with information that is different. This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. The information in this prospectus may only be accurate on the date of this document.
Throughout this prospectus, unless otherwise specified, Nasdaq, we, us and our refer to
Nasdaq, Inc.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are a public company and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. This information
may be read and copied at the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (800) SEC-0330. The material may
also be accessed electronically by means of the SECs home page on the Internet at
http://www.sec.gov
or through our web site at
http://business.nasdaq.com
. However, the information located on, or accessible from, our website is
not, and shall not be deemed to be, except as described below, a part of this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement or incorporated into any other filings that we make with the SEC.
This prospectus is only part of a registration statement on Form S-3 we have filed with the SEC under the Securities Act and therefore omits
some of the information contained in the registration statement. We have also filed exhibits and schedules to the registration statement which are excluded from this prospectus, and you should refer to the applicable exhibit or schedule for a
complete description of any statement referring to any contract or other document. You may inspect or obtain a copy of the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules, as described in the previous paragraph.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important
information to you by referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus. Any statement contained in a document that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus is automatically
updated and superseded if information contained in this prospectus, or information that we later file with the SEC, modifies or replaces this information. All documents we file pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act (other than information in Current Reports on Form 8-K furnished pursuant to items 2.02, 7.01 or otherwise, as the case may be, of such form), after the initial filing of this registration
statement and until termination of the offering shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the following previously filed documents:
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our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (including those portions of our Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders that are incorporated by reference in our Form
10-K);
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our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on January 31, 2018 (with regard to Item 8.01), March 28, 2018, April 25, 2018 (with regard to Item 8.01) and April 27, 2018; and
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the description of our common stock contained in our Current Report on Form
8-K
filed on April 27, 2018.
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You may obtain a copy of these filings and any other filings incorporated by reference at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the
following address:
Nasdaq, Inc.
One Liberty Plaza
New York, New
York 10006
(212) 401-8700
email: investor.relations@nasdaq.com
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus may include
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. We intend that the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 apply to
these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact but rather reflect our current expectations, estimates and predictions about future results and events. Words such as may,
will, could, should, anticipates, envisions, estimates, expects, projects, intends, plans, believes and words or
terms of similar substance used in connection with any discussion of expectations as to industry and regulatory developments or business initiatives and strategies, future operating results or financial performance, and other future developments
identify forward-looking statements. These include, among others, statements relating to:
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our strategy, growth forecasts and 2018 outlook;
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the integration of acquired businesses, including accounting decisions relating thereto;
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the scope, nature or impact of acquisitions, divestitures, investments, joint ventures or other transactional activities;
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the effective dates for, and expected benefits of, ongoing initiatives, including transactional activities and other strategic, restructuring, technology,
de-leveraging
and
capital return initiatives;
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our products, order backlog and services;
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the impact of pricing changes;
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the cost and availability of liquidity and capital; and
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any litigation, or any regulatory or government investigation or action, to which we are or could become a party or which may affect us.
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Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those
contemplated by the forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:
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our operating results may be lower than expected;
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our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses or divest sold businesses or assets, including the fact that any integration may be more difficult, time consuming or costly than expected, and we may be unable
to realize synergies from business combinations, acquisitions, divestitures or other transactional activities;
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loss of significant trading and clearing volumes or values, fees, market share, listed companies, data products customers or other customers;
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our ability to keep up with rapid technological advances and adequately address cybersecurity risks;
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economic, political and market conditions and fluctuations, including interest rate and foreign currency risk, inherent in U.S. and international operations;
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the performance and reliability of our technology and technology of third parties on which we rely;
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any significant error in our operational processes;
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our ability to continue to generate cash and manage our indebtedness; and
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adverse changes that may occur in the litigation or regulatory areas, or in the securities markets generally.
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Most of these factors are difficult to predict accurately and are generally beyond our control. You should consider the uncertainty and any
risk related to forward-looking statements that we make. The above list of risks and uncertainties is only a summary of some of the most important factors and is not intended to be exhaustive. You should carefully review the risks and information
contained, or incorporated by reference, in this prospectus or in any accompanying prospectus supplement, including, without limitation, those risk factors discussed under the caption Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors, in our Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 that was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2018. New factors that are not currently known to us or of which we are currently unaware may also emerge from time to time that could
materially and adversely affect us. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this prospectus or in any accompanying prospectus supplement. Except as required by the federal
securities laws, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement, release publicly any revisions to any forward-looking statements or report the occurrence of unanticipated events. For any forward-looking statements contained in
any document, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
RISK FACTORS
Investing in our securities involves risk. You should carefully consider the risk factors incorporated by reference from our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for our most recent fiscal year, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, the risk factors described under the caption Risk Factors in any applicable prospectus supplement and any risk factors set forth in our other filings with the
SEC, before making an investment decision. Each of the risks described in these documents could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, and could result in a partial or complete loss of
your investment. Although we have tried to discuss key factors, please be aware that these are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely
affect our business. Additional risk factors may be included in a prospectus supplement relating to a particular series or offering of securities. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition and
cause the value of our securities to decline. You could lose all or part of your investment.
4
THE COMPANY
Nasdaq, Inc. is a leading provider of trading, clearing, marketplace technology, regulatory, securities listing, information and public and
private company services. Our global offerings are diverse and include trading and clearing across multiple asset classes, trade management services, data products, financial indexes, capital formation solutions, corporate solutions, and market
technology products and services. Our technology powers markets across the globe, supporting equity derivative trading, clearing and settlement, cash equity trading, fixed income trading, trading surveillance and many other functions.
We manage, operate and provide our products and services in four business segments: Market Services, Corporate Services, Information Services
and Market Technology.
Market Services
Our Market Services segment includes our Equity Derivative Trading and Clearing, Cash Equity Trading, Fixed Income and Commodities Trading and
Clearing, and Trade Management Services businesses. We operate multiple exchanges and other marketplace facilities across several asset classes, including derivatives, commodities, cash equity, debt, structured products and exchange traded products,
or ETPs. In addition, in some countries where we operate exchanges, we also provide broker services, clearing, settlement and central depository services. Our transaction-based platforms provide market participants with the ability to access,
process, display and integrate orders and quotes. The platforms allow the routing and execution of buy and sell orders as well as the reporting of transactions, providing
fee-based
revenues.
In the U.S., we operate six electronic options exchanges and three cash equity exchanges. The Nasdaq Stock Market, the largest of our cash
equities exchanges, is the largest single venue of liquidity for trading U.S.-listed cash equities. We also operate an electronic platform for trading of U.S. Treasuries and NFX, a U.S. based designated contract market which lists cash-settled
energy derivatives based on key energy benchmarks including oil, natural gas and U.S. power. In addition, we also operate a Canadian exchange for the trading of Canadian-listed securities.
In Europe, we operate exchanges in Stockholm (Sweden), Copenhagen (Denmark), Helsinki (Finland), and Reykjavik (Iceland), as well as the
clearing operations of Nasdaq Clearing. We also operate exchanges in Tallinn (Estonia), Riga (Latvia) and Vilnius (Lithuania) as Nasdaq Baltic. Collectively, Nasdaq Nordic and Nasdaq Baltic offer trading in cash equities, depository receipts,
warrants, convertibles, rights, fund units and exchange traded funds, or ETFs, as well as trading and clearing of derivatives and clearing of resale and repurchase agreements.
Nasdaq Commodities is the brand name for Nasdaqs worldwide suite of commodity-related products and services. Nasdaq Commodities
offerings include oil, power, natural gas and carbon emission markets, tanker and dry cargo freight, seafood derivatives, iron ore, electricity certificates and clearing services. These products are listed on two of Nasdaqs derivatives
exchanges, Nasdaq Oslo ASA and NFX.
Through our Trade Management Services business, we provide market participants with a wide variety of
alternatives for connecting to and accessing our markets via a number of different protocols used for quoting, order entry, trade reporting, DROP
functionality and connectivity to various data feeds. We also provide
co-location
services to market participants, whereby firms may lease cabinet space and power to house their own equipment and servers within our data centers. Our broker services operations offer technology and
customized securities administration solutions to financial participants in the Nordic market.
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Corporate Services
Our Corporate Services segment includes our Corporate Solutions and Listing Services businesses.
Our Corporate Solutions business serves corporate clients, including companies listed on our exchanges and private companies. We help
organizations manage the
two-way
flow of information with their key constituents, including their board members and investors, and with clients and the public through our suite of advanced technology,
analytics, and consultative services. Our Corporate Solutions business currently offers products to serve the following key areas: investor relations and board & leadership. On April 16, 2018, we announced the completion of the sale of
the Public Relations Solutions and Digital Media Services businesses within our Corporate Solutions business to West Corporation, a global leader in technology-enabled services, for approximately $335 million, subject to adjustments.
We have realigned our services businesses to better serve the needs of our corporate clients. As a result, in the second quarter of 2018, the
BWise corporate enterprise risk management business will be included as part of our Corporate Solutions business. BWise is currently part of our Market Technology segment. In addition, for segment reporting purposes, we will include in corporate
items the historical revenues and expenses related to the sale of the above businesses which were part of the Corporate Solutions business within our Corporate Services segment.
Our Listing Services business includes our U.S. and European Listing Services businesses. We operate a variety of listing platforms around the
world to provide multiple global capital raising solutions for private and public companies. Our main listing markets are The Nasdaq Stock Market and the Nasdaq Nordic and Nasdaq Baltic exchanges. Through Nasdaq First North, our Nordic and Baltic
operations also offer alternative marketplaces for smaller companies and growth companies. Our Listing Services business also includes The Nasdaq Private Market, LLC, which provides liquidity solutions for private companies.
As of March 31, 2018, there were 2,969 total listings on The Nasdaq Stock Market, including 376 ETPs. The combined market capitalization
was approximately $11.8 trillion. In Europe, the Nasdaq Nordic and Nasdaq Baltic exchanges, together with Nasdaq First North, were home to 986 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of approximately $1.5 trillion.
Information Services
Our Information
Services segment includes our Data Products and our Index Licensing and Services businesses. Our Data Products business sells and distributes historical and real-time quote and trade information to the sell-side, the
buy-side,
retail online brokers, proprietary trading shops, other venues, internet portals and data distributors. Our data products enhance transparency of market activity within our exchanges and provide
critical information to professional and
non-professional
investors globally. Also included in our Data Products business is our eVestment business, a leading content and analytics cloud-based solutions
provider used by asset managers, investment consultants and asset owners to help facilitate better investment decisions.
Our Index
Licensing and Services business develops and licenses Nasdaq-branded indexes, associated derivatives, and financial products and also provides custom calculation services for third-party clients. As of March 31, 2018, we had 328 ETPs licensed
to Nasdaqs indexes which had $173 billion of assets under management.
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Beginning in the second quarter of 2018, our Information Services segment will be recategorized
into the following businesses:
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investment data & analytics.
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Market Technology
Our Market Technology segment is a leading global technology solutions provider and partner to exchanges, clearing organizations, central
securities depositories, regulators, banks, brokers and corporate businesses. Our Market Technology business is the sales channel for our complete global offering to other marketplaces.
Market Technology provides technology solutions for trading, clearing, settlement, surveillance and information dissemination to markets with
wide-ranging requirements, from the leading markets in the U.S., Europe and Asia to emerging markets in the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. Our marketplace solutions can handle a wide array of assets, including cash equities, equity
derivatives, currencies, various interest-bearing securities, commodities and energy products, and are currently powering more than 90 marketplaces in 50 countries. Market Technology also provides market surveillance services to broker-dealer firms
worldwide, as well as enterprise governance, risk management and compliance software solutions.
RATIO OF
EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The following table sets forth our consolidated ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods listed
below:
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Year
Ended
December 31,
2017
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Year
Ended
December 31,
2016
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Year
Ended
December 31,
2015
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Year
Ended
December 31,
2014
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Year
Ended
December 31,
2013
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Ratio of Earnings to Fixed
Charges
(1)
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6.40
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1.87
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5.82
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5.42
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5.76
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(1)
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Ratio of earnings to fixed charges is computed by dividing pre-tax income from continuing operations before fixed charges by fixed charges. Fixed charges are the sum of interest expense on all debt obligations
(including accretion of debt issuance costs and debt discount) and the portion of operating lease rental expense that is representative of the interest factor.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise set forth in an applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds of any offering of securities sold by us
to provide additional funding for general corporate purposes, which may include, without limitation, acquisitions, repayment of outstanding debt, capital expenditures and working capital. When particular securities are offered, the prospectus
supplement relating to that offering will set forth our intended use of the net proceeds received from the sale of those securities. The net proceeds may be invested temporarily in short-term marketable securities or applied to repay short-term debt
until they are used for their stated purposes.
Unless otherwise set forth in a prospectus supplement, we will not receive any of the
proceeds from the sale of securities by the selling securityholders.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
This Prospectus contains summary descriptions of the debt securities, guarantees of debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, warrants,
subscription rights, depositary shares, purchase contracts and units that we or one or more selling stockholders may offer and sell from time to time. These summary descriptions are not meant to be complete descriptions of each security. The
particular terms of any security will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering materials.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following is a description of the material terms and provisions relating to our capital stock.
Because it is a summary, the following description is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, or the Certificate, and by-laws, and provisions of
Delaware law which define the rights of our stockholders. Our Certificate and by-laws are incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. See Where You Can Find More Information
for information on how to obtain copies of these documents.
Authorized Capital
Our authorized capital stock consists of (i) 300,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share; and (ii) 30,000,000 shares of
preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. As of March 31, 2018, we had 172,396,708 shares of common stock issued and 166,946,592 shares outstanding and we had no shares of preferred stock issued and none outstanding. As of March 31,
2018, there were approximately 273 record holders of our common stock.
Common Stock
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders except that no person
may exercise voting rights in respect of any shares in excess of 5% of the then outstanding shares of our Common Stock. Subject to certain additional conditions, this limitation does not apply to persons exempted from this limitation by our board of
directors prior to the time such person owns more than 5.0% of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock.
At any meeting of our
stockholders, a majority of the votes entitled to be cast will constitute a quorum for such meeting.
Holders of common stock are entitled
to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of funds legally available for them. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up, the holders of our common stock are
entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities, subject to prior distribution rights of preferred stock, if any, then outstanding. Our common stock has no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights.
There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. All outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable, and the shares of common stock to be issued upon completion of any offerings hereunder will
be fully paid and non-assessable. Future dividends, if any, will be determined by our board of directors.
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Preferred Stock
Our Board of Directors may provide by resolution for the issuance of preferred stock, in one or more series, and to fix the powers,
preferences, and rights, and the qualifications, limitations, and restrictions thereof, of this preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund provisions, if
any, and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series. The issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock and could adversely affect the voting and other rights
of the holders of our common stock.
Certain Provisions of our Certificate and By-Laws
Some provisions of our Certificate and by-laws, which provisions are summarized below, may be deemed to have an anti-takeover effect and may
delay, defer, or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by stockholders.
Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Directors Nominations
Our by-laws provide that stockholders seeking to bring business before an annual meeting of stockholders, or to nominate candidates for
election as directors at an annual meeting of stockholders, must provide timely notice in writing. To be timely, a stockholders notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 nor more
than 120 days prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders; provided, that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within 30 days before or 70 days after such anniversary
date, notice by the shareholder in order to be timely must be received not earlier than 120 days prior to the meeting and not later than the later of 90 days prior to the meeting and the close of business on the 10th day following the date on which
notice of the date of the annual meeting was first publicly announced by Nasdaq. In the case of a special meeting of stockholders called for the purpose of electing directors, notice by the stockholder in order to be timely must be received not
earlier than 120 days prior to the meeting and not later than the later of 90 days prior to the meeting or the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which public disclosure of the date of the special meeting and our nominees was
first made. In addition, the by-laws specify certain requirements as to the form and content of a stockholders notice. These provisions may preclude stockholders from bringing matters before an annual meeting of stockholders or from making
nominations for directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders.
Proxy Access
Our
by-laws
include a proxy access provision that permits a stockholder, or a group of stockholders,
owning at least three percent of our outstanding shares of common stock continuously for at least three years to nominate and include in the proxy materials for an annual meeting of stockholders director nominees constituting up to the greater of
two individuals and 25% of the total number of directors then in office, provided that the stockholder(s) and nominee(s) satisfy the requirements specified in the
by-laws.
Stockholder Action
Our
Certificate provides that stockholders are not entitled to act by written consent in lieu of a meeting.
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Right to Call Special Meeting
Our
by-laws
provide that stockholders representing 15% or more of our outstanding shares can convene a
special meeting of shareholders, provided that the stockholders satisfy the requirements of our
by-laws.
Amendments; Vote Requirements
The
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware provides generally that the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote on any matter is required to amend a corporations certificate of incorporation, unless a
corporations certificate of incorporation requires a greater percentage. Our Certificate imposes majority voting requirements in connection with stockholder amendments to the by-laws and in connection with the amendment of certain provisions
of the Certificate, including those provisions of the Certificate relating to the limitations on voting rights of certain persons, removal of directors and prohibitions on stockholder action by written consent.
Authorized But Unissued Shares
The authorized but unissued shares of our common stock and preferred stock will be available for future issuance without stockholder approval
in most cases. These additional shares may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public or private offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but
unissued shares of our common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult, or discourage, an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.
Delaware Business Combination Statute
We are organized under Delaware law. Delaware law generally prohibits a publicly-held or widely-held corporation from engaging in a
business combination with an interested stockholder for three years after the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. An interested stockholder is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns
(or, in some cases, within three years, did own) directly or indirectly 15% or more of the corporations outstanding voting stock. A business combination includes a merger, asset sale or other transaction that results in a financial
benefit to the interested stockholder. However, Delaware law does not prohibit these business combinations if:
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before the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, the corporations board approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;
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after the transaction that results in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owns at least 85% of the corporations outstanding voting stock (excluding certain shares); or
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the corporations board approves the business combination and the holders of at least two-thirds of the corporations outstanding voting stock that the interested stockholder does not own authorize the
business combination at a meeting of stockholders.
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Stockholders Agreements
On December 16, 2010, we entered into a stockholders agreement with Investor AB. We are obligated by the terms of the stockholders
agreement to nominate and generally use best efforts to cause the election to our board of directors one individual designated by Investor AB, subject to certain conditions.
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On February 27, 2008, we entered into a stockholders agreement with Borse Dubai Limited, or
Borse Dubai, which was amended on February 19, 2009. Subject to certain conditions, we are obligated by the terms of the stockholders agreement to nominate and generally use best efforts to cause the election to our board of directors one
individual designated by Borse Dubai.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare. Its address is 480 Washington Boulevard, Jersey City, New Jersey 07310
and its telephone number is (800) 736-3001.
Listing
Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the trading symbol NDAQ.
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
This section describes the general terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may issue separately, upon exercise of a debt warrant,
in connection with a purchase contract or subscription rights or as part of a unit from time to time in the form of one or more series of debt securities. We may offer secured or unsecured debt securities which may be senior, subordinated or junior
subordinated, and which may be convertible. The applicable prospectus supplement and/or other offering materials will describe the specific terms of the debt securities offered through that prospectus supplement as well as any general terms
described in this section that will not apply to those debt securities. To the extent the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering materials relating to an offering of debt securities are inconsistent with this prospectus, the terms of
that prospectus supplement or other offering materials will supersede the information in this prospectus.
The debt securities will be
issued under an indenture between us and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. The indenture was previously filed and is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The
terms of the debt securities will include those set forth in the indenture and any related security documents and those made a part of the indenture by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939. You should read the summary below, the applicable prospectus
supplement and/or other offering materials and the provisions of the indenture and any related security documents in their entirety before investing in our debt securities. Capitalized terms used in the summary have the meanings specified in the
indenture.
The prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that we may offer will contain the specific terms of the
debt securities. These terms may include the following:
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the title and aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;
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whether the debt securities will be senior, subordinated or junior subordinated;
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whether the debt securities will be secured or unsecured;
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whether the debt securities are convertible or exchangeable into other securities;
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the percentage or percentages of principal amount at which such debt securities will be issued;
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the interest rate(s) or the method for determining the interest rate(s);
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the dates on which interest will accrue or the method for determining dates on which interest will accrue and dates on which interest will be payable;
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the person to whom any interest on the debt securities will be payable;
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the places where payments on the debt securities will be payable;
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redemption or early repayment provisions;
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authorized denominations;
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amount of discount or premium, if any, with which such debt securities will be issued;
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whether such debt securities will be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities;
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the identity of the depositary for global securities;
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whether a temporary security is to be issued with respect to such series and whether any interest payable prior to the issuance of definitive securities of the series will be credited to the account of the persons
entitled thereto;
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the terms upon which beneficial interests in a temporary global security may be exchanged in whole or in part for beneficial interests in a definitive global security or for individual definitive securities;
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any covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being issued;
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any defaults and events of default applicable to the particular debt securities being issued;
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the guarantors of each series, if any, and the extent of the guarantees (including provisions relating to seniority, subordination, security and release of the guarantees), if any;
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any applicable subordination provisions for any subordinated debt securities;
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any restriction or condition on the transferability of the debt securities;
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the currency, currencies or currency units in which the purchase price for, the principal of and any premium and any interest on, such debt securities will be payable;
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the time period within which, the manner in which and the terms and conditions upon which we or the purchaser of the debt securities can select the payment currency;
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the securities exchange(s) on which the securities will be listed, if any;
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whether any underwriter(s) will act as market maker(s) for the securities;
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the extent to which a secondary market for the securities is expected to develop;
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our obligation or right to redeem, purchase or repay debt securities under a sinking fund, amortization or analogous provision;
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provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;
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provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the indenture;
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provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders of debt securities issued under the indenture; and
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additional terms not inconsistent with the provisions of the indenture.
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General
We may sell the debt securities, including original issue discount securities, at par or at a substantial discount below their stated principal
amount. Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement, we may issue additional debt securities of a particular series without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of such series outstanding at the time of issuance. Any such
additional debt securities, together with all other outstanding debt securities of that series, will constitute a single series of securities under the applicable indenture. In addition, we will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement,
material U.S. federal income tax considerations and any other special considerations for any debt securities we sell which are denominated in a currency or currency unit other than U.S. dollars. Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable
prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not be listed on any securities exchange.
We expect most debt securities to be issued in
fully registered form without coupons and in denominations of $2,000 and any integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. Subject to the limitations provided in the indenture and in the prospectus supplement, debt securities that are issued in
registered form may be transferred or exchanged at the corporate office of the trustee or the principal corporate trust office of the trustee, without the payment of any service charge, other than any tax or other governmental charge payable in
connection therewith.
If specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, certain of our subsidiaries will guarantee the debt
securities. The particular terms of any guarantee will be described in the related prospectus supplement.
Global Securities
Unless we inform you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in
the form of one or more global securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, a depositary identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Global securities will be issued in registered form and in either temporary or definitive form.
Unless and until
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it is exchanged in whole or in part for the individual debt securities, a global security may not be transferred except as a whole by the depositary for such global security to a nominee of such
depositary or by a nominee of such depositary to such depositary or another nominee of such depositary or by such depositary or any such nominee to a successor of such depositary or a nominee of such successor. The specific terms of the depositary
arrangement with respect to any debt securities of a series and the rights of and limitations upon holders of beneficial interests in a global security will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Governing Law
The indenture and the debt
securities will be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflicts of laws principles thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
General
The following summary of certain
provisions of the warrants does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the provisions of the warrant agreement that will be filed with the SEC in connection with the offering of such warrants.
We may issue warrants for the purchase of debt securities, preferred stock or common stock. Warrants may be issued independently or
together with debt securities, preferred stock or common stock offered by any prospectus supplement and may be attached to or separate from any such offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be
entered into between the Company and a bank or trust company, as warrant agent. The warrant agent will act solely as the Companys agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for
or with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants.
Debt Warrants
The prospectus supplement relating to a particular issue of debt warrants will describe the terms of such debt warrants, including the
following: (a) the title of such debt warrants; (b) the offering price for such debt warrants, if any; (c) the aggregate number of such debt warrants; (d) the designation and terms of the debt securities purchasable upon exercise
of such debt warrants; (e) if applicable, the designation and terms of the debt securities with which such debt warrants are issued and the number of such debt warrants issued with each such debt security; (f) if applicable, the date from
and after which such debt warrants and any debt securities issued therewith will be separately transferable; (g) the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of a debt warrant and the price at which such principal amount of
debt securities may be purchased upon exercise (which price may be payable in cash, securities, or other property); (h) the date on which the right to exercise such debt warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire;
(i) if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of such debt warrants that may be exercised at any one time; (j) whether the debt warrants represented by the debt warrant certificates or debt securities that may be issued upon exercise of
the debt warrants will be issued in registered or bearer form; (k) information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any; (1) the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable;
(m) if applicable, a discussion of material United States federal income tax considerations; (n) the anti-dilution provisions of such debt warrants, if any; (o) the redemption or call provisions, if any, applicable to such debt
warrants; (p) any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price for the debt warrants; and (q) any additional terms of such debt warrants, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise
of such debt warrants.
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Stock Warrants
The prospectus supplement relating to any particular issue of preferred stock warrants or common stock warrants will describe the terms of such
warrants, including the following: (a) the title of such warrants; (b) the offering price for such warrants, if any; (c) the aggregate number of such warrants; (d) the designation and terms of the common stock or preferred stock
purchasable upon exercise of such warrants; (e) if applicable, the designation and terms of the offered securities with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants issued with each such offered security; (f) if
applicable, the date from and after which such warrants and any offered securities issued therewith will be separately transferable; (g) the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon exercise of a warrant and the
price at which such shares may be purchased upon exercise; (h) the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire; (i) if applicable, the minimum or maximum number of such
warrants that may be exercised at any one time; (j) the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable; (k) if applicable, a discussion of material United States federal income tax
considerations; (l) the anti-dilution provisions of such warrants, if any; (m) the redemption or call provisions, if any, applicable to such warrants; (m) any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price for the
stock warrants; and (n) any additional terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants.
DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS
The following is a general description of the terms of the subscription rights we may issue from time to time. Particular terms of any
subscription rights we offer will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to such subscription rights.
We may issue
subscription rights to purchase our equity or debt securities. These subscription rights may be issued independently or together with any other security offered hereby and may or may not be transferable by the stockholder receiving the subscription
rights in such offering. In connection with any offering of subscription rights, we may enter into a standby arrangement with one or more underwriters or other purchasers pursuant to which the underwriters or other purchasers may be required to
purchase any securities remaining unsubscribed for after such offering.
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the specific
terms of any offering of subscription rights for which this prospectus is being delivered, including the following:
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the price, if any, for the subscription rights;
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the exercise price payable for our equity or debt securities upon the exercise of the subscription rights;
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the number of subscription rights issued to each stockholder;
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the amount of our equity or debt securities that may be purchased per each subscription right;
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the extent to which the subscription rights are transferable;
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any other terms of the subscription rights, including the terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the subscription rights;
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the date on which the right to exercise the subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which the subscription rights shall expire;
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the extent to which the subscription rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities; and
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if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement entered into by us in connection with the offering of subscription rights.
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The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any subscription rights we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be
qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable subscription rights certificate or subscription rights agreement, which will be filed with the SEC as an exhibit to or incorporated by reference in the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part.
DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES
We may offer fractional shares of our preferred stock, rather than whole shares of our preferred stock. In the event we do so, we will issue
receipts for depositary shares, each of which will represent a fraction (to be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to offering of the depositary shares) of a share of the related series of preferred stock.
The shares of our preferred stock represented by depositary shares will be deposited under a deposit agreement between us and a bank or trust
company selected by us having its principal office in the United States and that meets certain other requirements. Subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, each owner of a depositary share will be entitled, in proportion to the applicable
fraction of a share of preferred stock, represented by the depositary share to all of the rights and preferences of the preferred stock represented by the depositary shares (including dividend, voting, redemption, conversion and liquidation rights).
The above description of depositary shares is only a summary, is not complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by the
description in the applicable prospectus supplement and the provisions of the deposit agreement, which will contain the form of depository receipt. A copy of the deposit agreement will be filed with the SEC as an exhibit to or incorporated by
reference in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE
CONTRACTS
We may issue purchase contracts, including contracts obligating holders to purchase from or sell to us, and for us to sell
to or purchase from the holders, a specified principal amount of debt securities or a specified number of shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock or depositary shares at a future date or dates. The consideration for the debt securities,
common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares and the principal amount of debt securities or number of shares of each may be fixed at the time the purchase contracts are issued or may be determined by reference to a specific formula set forth
in the purchase contracts. The purchase contracts may be issued separately or as part of units, often known as purchase units, consisting of a purchase contract and other securities or obligations issued by us or third parties, including U.S.
Treasury securities, which may secure the holders obligations to purchase the debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares under the purchase contracts. The purchase contracts may require us to make periodic payments to
the holders of the purchase contracts or units or vice versa, and these payments may be unsecured or prefunded on some basis. The purchase contracts may require holders to secure their obligations under those contracts in a specified manner.
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The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the purchase contracts and
purchase units, including, if applicable, collateral or depositary arrangements.
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
We may issue units comprised of one or more of the other securities that may be offered under this prospectus, in any combination.
Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a
unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately at any time, or at any time before a specified date.
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any unit. The description in the prospectus supplement will not purport to be
complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to units, the collateral arrangements and depositary arrangements, if applicable, relating to such units and, if applicable, the prepaid securities and the documents pursuant to which such
prepaid securities will be issued. The applicable prospectus supplement will also describe the material United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the units.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The securities being offered by this prospectus may be sold by us or by a selling stockholder:
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to or through underwriters;
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through broker-dealers (acting as agent or principal);
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directly by us or a selling stockholder to purchasers, through a specific bidding or auction process or otherwise;
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through a combination of any such methods of sale; and/or
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through any other methods described in a prospectus supplement.
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The distribution of
securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions, including block transactions and transactions on The Nasdaq Stock Market or any other organized market where the securities may be traded. The securities may be sold at a
fixed price or prices, which may be changed, or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices relating to the prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The consideration may be cash or another form negotiated by the parties.
Agents, underwriters or broker-dealers may be paid compensation for offering and selling the securities. That compensation may be in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions to be received from us or from the purchasers of the securities.
Dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and compensation received by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts. If such dealers or agents were deemed
to be underwriters, they may be subject to statutory liabilities under the Securities Act.
Agents may from time to time solicit offers to
purchase the securities. If required, we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any agent involved in the offer or sale of the securities and set forth any compensation payable to the agent. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus
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supplement, any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment. Any agent selling the securities covered by this prospectus may be deemed to be an underwriter, as
that term is defined in the Securities Act, of the securities.
If underwriters are used in a sale, securities will be acquired by the
underwriters for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or under delayed delivery
contracts or other contractual commitments. Securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. If an underwriter or
underwriters are used in the sale of securities, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter or underwriters at the time an agreement for the sale is reached. The applicable prospectus supplement will set forth the managing
underwriter or underwriters, as well as any other underwriter or underwriters, with respect to a particular underwritten offering of securities, and will set forth the terms of the transactions, including compensation of the underwriters and dealers
and the public offering price, if applicable. The prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement will be used by the underwriters to resell the securities.
If a dealer is used in the sale of the securities, we, a selling stockholder, or an underwriter will sell the securities to the dealer, as
principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale. To the extent required, we will set forth in the prospectus supplement the name of the dealer and the terms of
the transactions.
We or a selling stockholder may directly solicit offers to purchase the securities and we or a selling stockholder may
make sales of securities directly to institutional investors or others. These persons may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale of the securities. To the extent required, the prospectus
supplement will describe the terms of any such sales, including the terms of any bidding or auction process, if used.
We may enter into
derivative or hedging transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. In connection with such a transaction, the third parties may sell securities covered by
and pursuant to this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement or pricing supplement, as the case may be. If so, the third party may use securities borrowed from us or others to settle such sales and may use securities received from us to
close out any related short positions. We may also loan or pledge securities covered by this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement to third parties, who may sell the loaned securities or, in an event of default in the case of a pledge,
sell the pledged securities pursuant to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement or pricing supplement, as the case may be.
Agents, underwriters and dealers may be entitled under agreements which may be entered into with us to indemnification by us against specified
liabilities, including liabilities incurred under the Securities Act, or to contribution by us to payments they may be required to make in respect of such liabilities. If required, the prospectus supplement will describe the terms and conditions of
such indemnification or contribution. Some of the agents, underwriters or dealers, or their affiliates may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us or our subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business.
Under the securities laws of some states, the securities offered by this prospectus may be sold in those states only through registered or
licensed brokers or dealers.
Any person participating in the distribution of common stock registered under the registration statement
that includes this prospectus will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act,
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and the applicable SEC rules and regulations, including, among others, Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of our common stock by any such person. Furthermore,
Regulation M may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of our common stock to engage in market-making activities with respect to our common stock. These restrictions may affect the marketability of our common stock and the
ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to our common stock.
Certain persons participating in
an offering may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, short-covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the offered securities.
If any such activities will occur, they will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
LEGAL
MATTERS
In connection with particular offerings of our securities in the future, and unless otherwise indicated in the applicable
prospectus supplement, the validity of those securities will be passed upon for us by Ballard Spahr LLP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Additional legal matters may be passed on for us, or any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we will
name in the applicable prospectus supplement.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Nasdaq, Inc. appearing in Nasdaq, Inc.s Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December
31, 2017, and the effectiveness of Nasdaq, Inc.s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their reports
thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
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PROSPECTUS
April 27, 2018
PART II. INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 14.
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Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution:
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The expenses in connection with the
issuance and distribution of the securities being registered, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, are set forth in the following table. Each amount, except for the SEC registration fee, is estimated.
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SEC Registration Fee
|
|
$
|
|
(1)
|
Accountants Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Legal Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Printing and Engraving Fees
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Rating Agency Fees
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Trustee and Transfer Agent Fees
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Miscellaneous Expenses
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Expenses
|
|
$
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r), we are deferring payment of all of the registration fee.
|
(2)
|
Cannot be estimated at this time. An estimate of the aggregate amount of these expenses and fees will be reflected in the applicable prospectus supplement or as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K in reference to
the specific offering of securities, if any, to which it relates.
|
Item 15.
|
Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
|
Set forth below is a description of certain
provisions of the Certificate and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or DGCL, as such provisions relate to the indemnification of the directors and officers of Nasdaq, Inc. This description is intended only as a summary and is
qualified in its entirety by reference to the Certificate and the DGCL.
The Certificate provides that Nasdaq, Inc. shall, to the full
extent permitted by Sections 102 and 145 of the DGCL, indemnify all persons whom it may indemnify pursuant thereto and eliminates the personal liability of its directors to the full extent permitted by Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL.
Section 145 of the DGCL permits a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against expenses (including attorneys fees),
judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlements actually and reasonably incurred by them in connection with any action, suit or proceeding brought by third parties, if such directors or officers acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, if they had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. In an action by or in the right of the
corporation, indemnification may be made only for expenses actually and reasonably incurred by directors and officers in connection with the defense or settlement of an action or suit, and only with respect to a matter as to which they shall have
acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made if such person shall have been adjudged liable to the corporation, although
the court in which the action or suit was brought or the Delaware Court of Chancery may determine upon application that the defendant officers or directors are reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses despite such adjudication of
liability.
Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL provides that a corporation may eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to
the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that such provision shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director (i)
II-1
for any breach of the directors duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a
knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. No such provision shall eliminate or limit the ability of a director for any act
or omission occurring prior to the date when such provision becomes effective.
Item 16.
|
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
|
(a) Exhibits:
A list of exhibits filed herewith is contained on the Index to Exhibits and is incorporated herein by reference.
The agreements included or incorporated by reference as exhibits to this registration statement may contain representations and warranties by
one or more of the parties to the applicable agreement. These representations and warranties were made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and (i) were not intended to be treated as categorical statements of
fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate; (ii) may have been qualified in such agreement by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the
negotiation of the applicable agreement; (iii) may apply contract standards of materiality that are different from materiality under the applicable securities laws; and (iv) were made only as of the date of the
applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement.
Nasdaq, Inc. acknowledges that, notwithstanding
the inclusion of the foregoing cautionary statements, it is responsible for considering whether additional specific disclosures of material information regarding material contractual provisions are required to make the statements in this
registration statement not misleading.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules:
All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the SEC have been omitted because they are not required,
amounts that would otherwise be required to be shown regarding any item are not material, are inapplicable, or the required information has already been provided elsewhere in the registration statement.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
|
(1)
|
To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made of the securities registered hereby, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
|
|
(i)
|
To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
|
|
(ii)
|
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement
(or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) that, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in
volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered)
|
II-2
|
and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule
424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration
statement; and
|
|
(iii)
|
To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.
|
provided
,
however
, that the undertakings set forth in paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) above do not apply if the
information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that
are incorporated by reference in this registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
|
(2)
|
That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
|
|
(3)
|
To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
|
|
(4)
|
That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:
|
|
(i)
|
Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration
statement; and
|
|
(ii)
|
Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or
(x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first
used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such
date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the
registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or
prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.
|
II-3
|
(5)
|
That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary
offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any
of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
|
|
(i)
|
Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
|
|
(ii)
|
Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
|
|
(iii)
|
The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
|
|
(iv)
|
Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
|
|
(6)
|
To supplement the prospectus, after the expiration of the subscription period, to set forth the results of the subscription offer, the transactions by the underwriters during the subscription period, the amount of
unsubscribed securities to be purchased by the underwriters, and the terms of any subsequent reoffering thereof. If any public offering by the underwriters is to be made on terms differing from those set forth on the cover page of the prospectus, a
post-effective amendment will be filed to set forth the terms of such offering.
|
The undersigned registrant hereby
undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrants annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that is incorporated by reference in the
registration statement will be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time will be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of
the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In
the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit
or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of their counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit
to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by them is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
II-4
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
|
|
|
Exhibit
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement for preferred stock and depositary shares.*
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement for common stock.*
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement for warrants.*
|
|
|
1.4
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement for purchase contracts.*
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement for debt securities.*
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Nasdaq (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K
filed on January 28, 2014).
|
|
|
3.1.1
|
|
Certificate of Elimination of Nasdaqs Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1.1 to the Current
Report on Form 8-K filed on January 28, 2014).
|
|
|
3.1.2
|
|
Certificate of Amendment of Nasdaqs Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 19, 2014).
|
|
|
3.1.3
|
|
Certificate of Amendment of Nasdaqs Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 8, 2015).
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
Nasdaqs By-Laws (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 21,
2016).
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Form of Common Stock certificate (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 2015 filed on November 4, 2015).
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Indenture, dated as of January 15, 2010, between Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.) and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 19, 2010).
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 15, 2010, among Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.) and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association,
as Trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 19, 2010).
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Indenture, dated as of June 7, 2013, between Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.) and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2013).
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 7, 2013, among Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.), Wells Fargo Bank, National Association,
as Trustee, Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch, as paying agent, and Deutsche Bank Luxembourg S.A., as registrar and transfer agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 10,
2013).
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 29, 2014, among Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.) and Wells Fargo Bank, National
Association, as Trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 30, 2014).
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May
20, 2016, among Nasdaq, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, and HSBC Bank USA, National Association, as paying agent and as registrar and transfer agent (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form
8-K
filed on May 23, 2016).
|
II-5
|
|
|
Exhibit
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June
7, 2016, among Nasdaq, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated herein by reference to the Current Report on Form
8-K
filed on June 7, 2016).
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September
22, 2017, among Nasdaq, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form
8-K
filed on September 22,
2017).
|
|
|
4.10
|
|
Stockholders Agreement, dated as of February 27, 2008, between Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.) and Borse Dubai Limited (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 3, 2008).
|
|
|
4.10.1
|
|
First Amendment to Stockholders Agreement, dated as of February 19, 2009, between Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.) and Borse Dubai
Limited (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.10.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 filed on February 27, 2009).
|
|
|
4.11
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 27, 2008, among Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.), Borse Dubai Limited and Borse Dubai
Nasdaq Share Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 3, 2008).
|
|
|
4.11.1
|
|
First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 19, 2009, among Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.), Borse Dubai
Limited and Borse Dubai Nasdaq Share Trust (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.11.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 filed on February 27, 2009).
|
|
|
4.12
|
|
Stockholders Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2010, between Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.) and Investor AB (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed on February 24, 2011).
|
|
|
4.13
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 28, 2013, by and among Nasdaq, Inc. (f/k/a The NASDAQ OMX Group, Inc.), BGC Partners, Inc., BGC
Holdings, L.P. and BGC Partners, L.P. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 1, 2013).
|
|
|
4.14
|
|
Form of Stock Warrant Agreement.*
|
|
|
4.15
|
|
Form of Stock Warrant Certificate.*
|
|
|
4.16
|
|
Form of Subscription Rights Agreement.*
|
|
|
4.17
|
|
Form of Subscription Rights Certificate.*
|
|
|
4.18
|
|
Form of Unit Agreement.*
|
|
|
4.19
|
|
Form of Unit Certificate.*
|
|
|
4.20
|
|
Form of Deposit Agreement for Depositary Shares.*
|
|
|
4.21
|
|
Form of Purchase Contract.*
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
Opinion of Ballard Spahr LLP.**
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.**
|
|
|
23.1
|
|
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, independent accountants.**
|
|
|
23.2
|
|
Consent of Ballard Spahr LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
|
|
|
24.1
|
|
Powers of Attorney (included on signature pages).
|
|
|
25.1
|
|
Statement of Eligibility under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (Form
T-1)
of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, Trustee under the Indenture.**
|
*
|
To be filed, if necessary, by amendment or as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated by reference herein.
|
II-6
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets
all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York on the 27
th
day of April, 2018.
|
|
|
Nasdaq, Inc.
|
|
|
By:
|
|
/s/ Adena T. Friedman
|
Name:
|
|
Adena T. Friedman
|
Title:
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer
|
SIGNATURES AND POWERS OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, an executive officer or director of Nasdaq, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
Company), does hereby constitute and appoint Edward S. Knight and Joan C. Conley, and each of them, severally, the true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution and authority to act in
any and all capacities for and in the name, place and stead, of the undersigned to do or cause to be done any and all acts and things and to execute and deliver any and all instruments and documents which said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of
them, may deem advisable or necessary to enable the Company to comply with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission in respect
thereof, in connection with the registration of the securities of the Company being registered on the Registration Statement on Form S-3 to which this power of attorney is filed as an exhibit (the Securities), including specifically, but
without limiting the generality of the foregoing, power and authority to sign, in the name and on behalf of the undersigned as an executive officer or director of the Company, the Registration Statement on Form S-3 to which this power of attorney is
filed as an exhibit, a Registration Statement under Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act, a Registration Statement under Rule 415 of the Securities Act, or another appropriate form in respect of the registration of the Securities, and any and all
amendments thereto, including post-effective amendments, and any instruments, prospectuses, contracts, exhibits, qualifications, notifications, documents or other writings of which the originals or copies thereof are to be filed as a part of, or in
connection with, any such Registration Statement or amendments, and to file or cause to be filed the same with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and to effect any and all applications and other instruments in the name and on behalf of the
undersigned which said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, deem advisable in order to qualify or register the Securities under the securities laws of any of the several States; and the undersigned does hereby ratify all that said
attorneys-in-fact or agents, or any of them, shall do or cause to be done by virtue thereof. The undersigned hereby ratifies, confirms, and adopts, as his or her own act and deed, all action lawfully taken by such attorneys-in-fact and agents, or
any of them, or by their respective substitutes, pursuant to the powers and authorities herein granted.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been
signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
|
|
|
/s/
Adena T. Friedman
Adena T. Friedman
|
|
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) and Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Michael Ptasznik
Michael Ptasznik
|
|
Executive Vice President, Corporate
Strategy
and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Ann M. Dennison
Ann M. Dennison
|
|
Senior Vice President and Controller
(Principal
Accounting Officer)
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/ Michael R. Splinter
Michael R. Splinter
|
|
Chairman of the Board of Directors
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Melissa M. Arnoldi
Melissa M. Arnoldi
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Charlene T. Begley
Charlene T. Begley
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Steven D. Black
Steven D. Black
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Essa Kazim
Essa Kazim
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Thomas A. Kloet
Thomas A. Kloet
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
John D. Rainey
John D. Rainey
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Jacob Wallenberg
Jacob Wallenberg
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
|
|
|
/s/
Lars R. Wedenborn
Lars R. Wedenborn
|
|
Director
|
|
April 27, 2018
|
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