See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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1. Description of the business
Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company” or “Paratek”) is a Delaware corporation with its corporate office in Boston, Massachusetts and an office in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. The Company is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative therapeutics based upon tetracycline chemistry. The Company has used its expertise in biology and tetracycline chemistry to create chemically diverse and biologically distinct small molecules derived from the minocycline core structure. The Company’s two lead product candidates are the antibacterials omadacycline and sarecycline.
Omadacycline is the first in a new class of aminomethylcycline antibiotics. Omadacycline is a broad-spectrum, well-tolerated once-daily intravenous, or IV, and oral antibiotic. The Company believes that omadacycline has the potential to become the primary antibiotic choice of physicians for use as a broad-spectrum monotherapy antibiotic for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, or ABSSSI, community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, or CABP, or urinary tract infection, or UTI, and other serious community-acquired bacterial infections, where resistance is of concern. The Company believes omadacycline, if approved, will be used in the emergency room, hospital and community care settings. The Company has designed omadacycline to provide potential advantages over existing antibiotics, including activity against resistant bacteria, broad spectrum antibacterial activity, oral and IV formulations with once-daily dosing, no known drug interactions, and a favorable safety and tolerability profile.
In the fall of 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, agreed to the design of the Company’s omadacycline Phase 3 studies for ABSSSI and CABP through the Special Protocol Assessment, or SPA, process. In addition, the FDA confirmed that positive data from the individual studies for ABSSSI and CABP would be sufficient to support approval of omadacycline for each indication and for both oral and IV formulations in the United States. In addition to Qualified Infectious Disease Product designation, on November 4, 2015, the FDA granted omadacycline Fast Track designation for the development of omadacycline in ABSSSI, CABP, and complicated Urinary Tract Infections, or cUTI. Fast Track designation facilitates the development, and expedites the review of drugs that treat serious or life-threatening conditions and fill an unmet medical need. In February 2016, the Company reached agreement with the FDA on the terms of the pediatric program associated with the Pediatric Research and Equity Act. The FDA has granted Paratek a waiver for conducting studies with omadacycline in children less than eight years old and a deferral in conducting studies in children eight years and older until safety and efficacy is established in adults. In May 2016, the FDA agreed to the design of the Phase 3 oral-only ABSSSI study and that it is consistent with the current ABSSSI guidance.
Scientific advice received through the centralized procedure in Europe confirmed general agreement on the design and choice of comparators of the Phase 3 trials for ABSSSI and CABP and noted that approval based on a single study in each indication could be possible but would be subject to more stringent statistical standards than Market Authorization Applications, or MAA, programs that conduct two pivotal Phase 3 studies per indication. The Company believes that the inclusion of the Phase 3 oral-only study in ABSSSI, if positive, strengthens the data package for a successful MAA filing and approval in EU.
Omadacycline entered Phase 3 clinical development for the treatment of ABSSSI in June 2015. In June 2016, the Company announced positive top-line efficacy and safety data for this study. The Company announced that the first patient was dosed in a Phase 3 clinical study of omadacycline for the treatment of CABP in November 2015. The Company also completed the third prospectively planned data safety monitoring board review. Following its review, the committee recommended that the protocol continue in its original design without modification. The Company continues to progress its Phase 3 study consistent with its plan and anticipate top-line results for CABP as early as the third quarter of 2017. The Company also dosed the first patient in an oral-only Phase 3 study of omadacycline for the treatment of ABSSSI in August 2016. The Company anticipates top-line results for this study as early as the second quarter of 2017. The Company’s Phase 1b sinusitis study was deprioritized to focus internal efforts on the oral-only ABSSSI Phase 3 study and strategic planning efforts for UTI.
The Company recently completed several clinical Phase 1 studies with omadacycline. In these Phase 1 studies, omadacycline was generally safe and well tolerated, consistent with prior Phase 1 studies. In May 2016, the Company initiated its first oral-only and IV-to-oral study of omadacycline dosed for five days in a Phase 1b clinical study in patients with a UTI. This Phase 1b UTI study was recently completed. Data from this study demonstrated that omadacycline achieved proof of principle, by showing high concentration levels of omadacycline in urine, across IV-to-oral and oral-only dosing regimens. The Company anticipates presenting results for the Phase 1b UTI study at an upcoming R&D Day and at future scientific meetings.
The Company also recently completed clinical Phase 1 studies with omadacycline that are needed for inclusion in the planned New Drug Application, or NDA, regulatory filing with the FDA. These studies include pharmacokinetic, or PK, studies in special populations (end-stage renal disease subjects, or ESRD subjects) and PK-lung penetration studies in healthy volunteers. A recently completed Phase 1 study of ESRD subjects was designed to evaluate the absorption and elimination of omadacycline compared to
5
matched healthy control subjects. Results from this study showed that the absorption and elimination of omadacycline in ESRD
subjects appears to be similar to healthy control subjects, suggesting that dose adjustments should not be required in subjects who have severe renal disease. In another recently completed Phase 1 study in healthy volunteers, which was designed to evaluate
the PK relationship between human plasma concentrations and lung concentrations, omadacycline demonstrated higher concentration levels in broncho-alveloar lavage, or BAL, lung fluid when compared with plasma concentrations. This result supports the potent
ial utility of omadacycline in the treatment of lower respiratory tract bacterial infections caused by susceptible pathogens. A third Phase 1 study in healthy volunteers has been completed that evaluated the PK exposure profile of three oral-only dosing r
egimens of omadacycline administered for five days in healthy volunteers. In this Phase 1 study, across three oral dosing regimens of omadacycline, PK plasma levels increased with higher doses of omadacycline, demonstrating dose proportionality. The Compan
y anticipates presenting results for these Phase 1 studies at an upcoming R&D Day and at future scientific meetings. Assuming positive Phase 3 study results, the Company plans to include and submit these data in an NDA for the treatment of ABSSSI and CABP
in the first half of 2018.
In October 2016, the Company announced that it entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement, or CRADA, with the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, or USAMRIID, to study omadacycline against pathogenic agents causing infectious diseases of public health and biodefense importance. These studies are designed to confirm humanized dosing regimens of omadacycline in order to study the efficacy of omadacycline against biodefense pathogens, including Yersinia pestis, or plague, and Bacillus anthracis, or anthrax. Funding support for the trial has been made available through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, or DTRA/ Joint Science and Technology Office and Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical and Biological Defense / Joint Project Manager Medical Countermeasure Systems / BioDefense Therapeutics.
The Company’s second Phase 3 antibacterial product candidate, sarecycline, previously known as WC3035, is a new, once-daily, tetracycline-derived compound designed for use in the treatment of acne and rosacea. The Company believes that, based upon the data generated to-date, sarecycline possesses favorable anti-inflammatory activity, plus narrow-spectrum antibacterial activity relative to other tetracycline-derived molecules, oral bioavailability, does not cross the blood-brain barrier, and favorable PK properties that the Company believes make it particularly well-suited for the treatment of inflammatory acne in the community setting. The Company has exclusively licensed U.S. development and commercialization rights to sarecycline for the treatment of acne to Allergan plc, or Allergan, while retaining development and commercialization rights in the rest of the world. Allergan has informed the Company that sarecycline entered Phase 3 clinical trials in December 2014 for acne vulgaris. Allergan provided guidance that top-line data from the Phase 3 trial of sarecycline will be available in the first half of 2017. The Company also granted Allergan an exclusive license to develop and commercialize sarecycline for the treatment of rosacea in the United States, which converted to a non-exclusive license in December 2014 after Allergan did not exercise its development option with respect to rosacea. There are currently no clinical trials with sarecycline in rosacea underway.
Prior to October 30, 2014, the name of the Company was Transcept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Transcept. On October 30, 2014, Transcept completed a business combination with privately held Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Old Paratek, in accordance with the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of June 30, 2014, by and among Transcept, Tigris Merger Sub, Inc., or Merger Sub, Tigris Acquisition Sub, LLC, or Merger LLC, and Old Paratek, or the Merger Agreement, pursuant to which Merger Sub merged with and into Old Paratek, with Old Paratek surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Transcept, followed by the merger of Old Paratek with and into Merger LLC, with Merger LLC surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Transcept (the Company refers to these mergers together as the Merger).
Also on October 30, 2014, in connection with, and prior to the completion of the Merger, Transcept effected a 1-for-12 reverse stock split of its common stock, or the Reverse Stock Split, and immediately following the Merger, Transcept changed its name to “Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc.”, and Merger LLC changed its name to “Paratek Pharma, LLC.” Following the completion of the Merger, the business conducted by Paratek Pharmaceuticals Inc. became primarily the business conducted by Paratek.
Immediately prior to the Merger, Old Paratek sold 8,068,766 shares of its common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $93.0 million to certain existing Paratek stockholders and certain new investors in Paratek, or the Financing. Immediately prior to the closing of the Financing, the $6.0 million in aggregate principal amount outstanding under, and all accrued interest on, the nonconvertible senior secured promissory notes issued in March 2014, the 2014 Notes, converted into 1,335,632 shares of Old Paratek’s common stock based on a conversion price of $0.778 per share. Further, and also immediately prior to the closing of the Financing, each share of Old Paratek’s preferred stock outstanding at that time was converted into shares of Old Paratek’s common stock at a ratio determined in accordance with Paratek’s certificate of incorporation then in effect. The parties to the Financing and to the conversion of the 2014 Notes include officers, employees and directors of Paratek, making these transactions related party in nature.
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Transcept issued shares of its common stock to Old Paratek’s stockholders, at an exchange rate of 0.0675 shares of common stock, after taking into account the Reverse Stock Split, in exchange for each share of Old Paratek common stock outstanding immediately prior to the Merger. Transcept also assumed all of the stock options outstanding under the Old Paratek 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, or the Paratek Plan, and stock warrants of Old Paratek outstanding immediately prior to the Merger, with such stock options and warrants henceforth representing the right to purchase a number of
6
shares of Transcept common stock equal to 0.0675 multiplied by the number of shares of Old Paratek common stock previously represented by such options and warrants. Transcept also assumed the Paratek Plan.
After consummation of the Merger, the Old Paratek stockholders, warrant holders and option holders owned approximately 89.6% of the fully-diluted common stock of Paratek, with Transcept’s stockholders and optionholders immediately prior to the Merger, whose shares of Paratek common stock (including shares received upon the cancellation of existing options) remain outstanding after the Merger, owning approximately 10.4% of the fully-diluted common stock of Paratek. Under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP, the Merger was treated as a “reverse merger” under the purchase method of accounting. For accounting purposes, Old Paratek is considered to have acquired Transcept.
Since its inception, the Company has generated an accumulated deficit of $353.9 million through September 30, 2016 and will require substantial additional funding in connection with the Company’s continuing operations to support commercial activities associated with its lead product candidate, omadacycline.
Based upon the Company’s current operating plan, it anticipates that cash, cash equivalents and available for sale marketable securities of $120.8 million, as well as $20.0 million available under a loan agreement described in Note 12,
Long-term Debt
, will enable the Company to fund operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements through the submission of an NDA for omadacycline for the treatment of ABSSSI and CABP, which is currently expected to occur in the first half of 2018.
The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biopharmaceutical industry, including, but not limited to, risks of failure of preclinical studies and clinical trials, the need to obtain additional financing to fund the future development of the Company’s product candidates, the need to obtain compliant product from third party manufacturers, the need to obtain marketing approval for the Company’s product candidates, the need to successfully commercialize and gain market acceptance of product candidates, the risks of manufacturing product with an external supply chain, dependence on key personnel, and compliance with government regulations.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The significant accounting policies and estimates used in preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements are described in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, and the notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on March 9, 2016. During the first quarter of 2016, the Company began investing in short-term marketable securities. Refer to Note 3,
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
, and Note 10,
Fair Value Measurements
, for additional information. There have been no other material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, and Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.
The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2016. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, and notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, as filed with the SEC on March 9, 2016.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Paratek Pharma, LLC, Paratek Securities Corporation, Transcept Pharma, Inc., Paratek UK, Ltd and Paratek Bermuda, Ltd. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
7
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, in conformity with U.S. GAAP,
requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the Company’s financial statements. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those related to,
among other items, intangible assets, goodwill, contingent liabilities, stock-based compensation arrangements, useful lives for depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets and valuation allowances on deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment and Geographic Information
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise engaging in business activities for which discrete financial information is available and regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company views its operations and manages its business in one operating segment.
3. Cash and Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of 90 days or less at acquisition to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include cash held in banks and amounts held primarily in interest-bearing money market accounts. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates their fair market value.
The Company determines the appropriate classification of marketable securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation at each balance sheet date. The Company has classified all of its marketable securities at September 30, 2016 as “available-for-sale” pursuant to ASC 320,
Investments – Debt and Equity Securities.
Investments not classified as cash equivalents are presented as either short-term or long-term investments based on both their maturities as well as the time period the Company intends to hold such securities. Available-for-sale securities are maintained by an investment manager and consist of U.S. treasury and government agency securities. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with the unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders’ equity until realized. Any premium or discount arising at purchase is amortized or accreted to interest expense or income over the life of the instrument. Realized gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and are included in other income or expense. There were no realized gains or losses on marketable securities recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
The Company reviews marketable securities for other-than-temporary impairment whenever the fair value of a marketable security is less than the amortized cost and evidence indicates that a marketable security’s carrying amount is not recoverable within a reasonable period of time. Other-than-temporary impairments of investments are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss if the Company has experienced a credit loss, has the intent to sell the marketable security, or if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the marketable security before recovery of the amortized cost basis. Evidence considered in this assessment includes reasons for the impairment, compliance with the Company’s investment policy, the severity and duration of the impairment and changes in value subsequent to the end of the period. There were no other-than-temporary impairments of investments recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
The following is a summary of available-for-sale securities as of September 30, 2016 (in thousands):
|
|
Amortized Cost
|
|
|
Unrealized Gains
|
|
|
Unrealized Losses
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. treasury securities
|
|
$
|
55,092
|
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
(3
|
)
|
|
$
|
55,103
|
|
Government agencies
|
|
|
12,748
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
12,751
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
67,840
|
|
|
$
|
17
|
|
|
$
|
(3
|
)
|
|
$
|
67,854
|
|
No available-for-sale securities held as of September 30, 2016 have remaining maturities greater than one year.
4. Restricted Cash
Intermezzo Reserve
In accordance with the Merger Agreement, an initial amount of $3.0 million, or the Intermezzo Reserve, has been kept in a separate segregated bank account established at the closing date of the Merger. This account is utilized solely at the direction and in the discretion of the special committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, or the Special Committee, or its authorized
8
delegates in connection with the Special Committee’s management of the Intermezzo product rights and potential disposition. The bal
ance was $2.8 million and $2.4 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
Included in the balance of restricted cash as of September 30, 2016 is $0.7 million of royalty income received but not yet paid to former Transcept stockholders. The remaining balance of the Intermezzo Reserve, after deducting activity during the month of October 2016, as well as any outstanding royalty payments will be made to former Transcept stockholders shortly after the second anniversary of the Merger. Refer to Note 10,
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
, for further detail.
Letters of Credit
During the first quarter of 2016, the Company obtained a letter of credit in the amount of $0.8 million, which is collateralized with a bank account at a financial institution, to secure value-added tax registration in certain foreign countries. During the third quarter, the letter of credit was cancelled by the Company. The Company plans to obtain a new letter of credit during the fourth quarter of 2016 for the same value, dependent upon currency rates as of the date the letter of credit is obtained.
The Company leases its Boston, Massachusetts office space under a non-cancelable operating lease. Refer to Note 14,
Commitments and Contingencies
, for further details.
In accordance with the lease, the Company has a cash-collateralized irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $0.3 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, naming the landlord as beneficiary.
5. Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
September 30,
2016
|
|
|
December 31,
2015
|
|
Intermezzo product rights
|
|
$
|
1,410
|
|
|
$
|
1,410
|
|
TO-2070 asset
|
|
|
170
|
|
|
|
170
|
|
Gross intangible assets
|
|
|
1,580
|
|
|
|
1,580
|
|
Less: Accumulated amortization
|
|
|
(525
|
)
|
|
|
(231)
|
|
Net intangible assets
|
|
$
|
1,055
|
|
|
$
|
1,349
|
|
Intermezzo product rights and the TO-2070 asset were acquired through the Merger. Refer to Note 7,
License and Collaboration Agreements,
for further detail concerning Intermezzo and TO-2070. Intangible assets are reviewed when events or circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. An impairment loss would be recognized when the estimated undiscounted cash flows to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amounts of those assets. If it is determined that the intangible asset is not recoverable, an impairment loss would be calculated based on the excess of the carrying value of the intangible asset over its fair value.
On March 27, 2015, a decision was made by the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, or the New Jersey District Court, concerning Intermezzo patent infringement claims the Company made in response to the filing of an Abbreviated New Drug Application, or ANDA, with the FDA. The decision made by the New Jersey District Court invalidated several Intermezzo patent claims as obvious. As a result of the New Jersey District Court’s ruling, the Company performed an interim impairment test of the Intermezzo product rights in connection with the preparation of its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the first quarter of 2015. Based on the intangible asset impairment test performed, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $2.8 million for the first quarter of 2015. The Company appealed the New Jersey District Court’s ruling during the second quarter of 2015. On January 8, 2016 the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, or the U.S. Court of Appeals, affirmed the decision of the New Jersey District Court, and no opinion accompanied the judgment. Refer to Note 14,
Commitments and Contingencies,
for further information concerning the litigation. The January 8, 2016 decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals triggered an evaluation of the carrying value of the Intermezzo product rights and related contingent obligations in light of an expected decline in Intermezzo sales during the second half of 2016. On April 5, 2016, the first generic launch of Intermezzo occurred.
As a result of the Company’s evaluation of options to sell, dispose of, or offer a royalty sharing arrangement for the Intermezzo product rights, the Company performed a recoverability test of the Intermezzo product rights as of September 30, 2016. It was determined that the summation of the undiscounted future cash flow of the Intermezzo product rights was greater than the carrying value. As such, the Company did not record an impairment charge during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
9
6
. Net Loss Per Share Available to Common
Stockholders
Basic net loss per share available to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net loss per share available to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common share equivalents outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock method or the as if-converted method, as applicable. For purposes of this calculation, stock options, restricted stock units, and warrants to purchase common stock are considered to be common stock equivalents and are only included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share available to common stockholders when their effect is dilutive.
The following outstanding shares subject to stock options, restricted stock units, and warrants to purchase common stock were antidilutive due to a net loss in the periods presented and, therefore, were excluded from the dilutive securities computation as of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 as indicated below:
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Excluded potentially dilutive securities
(1)
:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares subject to outstanding options to purchase common stock
|
|
|
2,786,882
|
|
|
|
2,103,390
|
|
Unvested restricted stock units
|
|
|
440,500
|
|
|
|
262,000
|
|
Shares subject to warrants to purchase common stock
|
|
|
42,306
|
|
|
|
47,423
|
|
Totals
|
|
|
3,269,688
|
|
|
|
2,412,813
|
|
(1)
|
The number of shares is based on the maximum number of shares issuable on exercise or conversion of the related securities as of September 30, 2016 and 2015. Such amounts have not been adjusted for the treasury stock method or weighted average outstanding calculations as required if the securities were dilutive.
|
7. License and Collaboration Agreements
Allergan plc
In July 2007, the Company and Warner Chilcott Company, Inc. (now part of Allergan plc, or Allergan), entered into a collaborative research and license agreement, or the Allergan Collaboration Agreement, under which the Company granted Allergan an exclusive license to research, develop and commercialize tetracycline products for use in the United States for the treatment of acne and rosacea. Since Allergan did not exercise its development option with respect to the treatment of rosacea prior to initiation of a Phase 3 trial for the product, the license grant to Allergan converted to a non-exclusive license for the treatment of rosacea as of December 2014. Under the terms of the Allergan Collaboration Agreement, the Company and Allergan are responsible for, and are obligated to use, commercially reasonable efforts to conduct specified development activities for the treatment of acne and, if requested by Allergan, the Company may conduct certain additional development activities to the extent the Company determines in good faith that the Company has the necessary resources available for such activities. Allergan has agreed to reimburse the Company for its costs and expenses, including third-party costs, incurred in conducting any such development activities.
Under the terms of the Allergan Collaboration Agreement, Allergan is responsible for and is obligated to use commercially reasonable efforts to develop and commercialize tetracycline compounds that are specified in the agreement for the treatment of acne. Allergan failed to elect to advance the development of sarecycline for the treatment of rosacea in accordance with the terms of the agreement so the license granted to Allergan was converted to a non-exclusive license for the treatment of rosacea The Company has agreed during the term of the Allergan Collaboration Agreement not to directly or indirectly develop or commercialize any tetracycline compounds in the United States for the treatment of acne and rosacea, and Allergan has agreed during the term of the Allergan Collaboration Agreement not to directly or indirectly develop or commercialize any tetracycline compound included as part of the agreement for any use other than as provided in the agreement.
The Company earned an upfront fee in the amount of $4.0 million upon the execution of the Allergan Collaboration Agreement, $1.0 million upon filing of an Investigational New Drug Application in 2010, and $2.5 million upon initiation of Phase 2 trials in 2012. In December 2014, the Company also earned $4.0 million upon initiation of Phase 3 trials associated with the Allergan Collaboration Agreement. In addition, Allergan may be required to pay the Company an aggregate of approximately $17.0 million upon the achievement of specified future regulatory milestones, the next being $5.0 million upon acceptance by the FDA, of an NDA, submission. Allergan is also obligated to pay the Company tiered royalties, ranging from the mid-single digits to the low double digits, based on net sales of tetracycline compounds developed under the Allergan Collaboration Agreement, with a standard royalty reduction post patent expiration for such product for the remainder of the royalty term. Allergan’s obligation to pay the Company royalties for each tetracycline
10
compound it commercializes under the Allergan Collaboration Agreement expires on the later of the expiration of the last to expire patent that covers the tetracyc
line compound in the United States and the date on which generic drugs that compete with the tetracycline compound reach a certain threshold market share in the United States.
The Company has not received any amounts or recognized any revenue under this arrangement since 2014.
Tufts University
In February 1997, the Company and Tufts University, or Tufts, entered into a license agreement under which the Company acquired an exclusive license to certain patent applications and other intellectual property of Tufts related to the drug resistance field to develop and commercialize products for the treatment or prevention of bacterial or microbial diseases or medical conditions in humans or animals or for agriculture. The Company subsequently entered into nine amendments to that agreement, collectively the Tufts License Agreement, to include patent applications filed after the effective date of the original license agreement, to exclusively license additional technology from Tufts, to expand the field of the agreement to include disinfectant applications, and to change the royalty rate and percentage of sublicense income paid by the Company to Tufts under sublicense agreements with specified sublicensees. The Company is obligated under the Tufts License Agreement to provide Tufts with annual diligence reports and a business plan and to meet certain other diligence milestones. The Company has the right to grant sublicenses of the licensed rights to third parties, which will be subject to the prior approval of Tufts unless the proposed sublicensee meets a certain net worth or market capitalization threshold. The Company is primarily responsible for the preparation, filing, prosecution and maintenance of all patent applications and patents covering the intellectual property licensed under the Tufts License Agreement at its sole expense. The Company has the first right, but not the obligation, to enforce the licensed intellectual property against infringement by third parties.
The Company issued Tufts 1,024 shares of the Company’s common stock on the date of execution of the original license agreement, and the Company may be required to make certain payments of up to $0.3 million to Tufts upon the achievement by products developed under the agreement of specified development and regulatory approval milestones. The Company has already made a payment of $50,000 to Tufts for achieving the first milestone following commencement of the Phase 3 non-registration clinical trial for omadacycline. The Company is also obligated to pay Tufts a minimum royalty payment in the amount of $25,000 per year. In addition, the Company is obligated to pay Tufts royalties based on gross sales of products, as defined in the agreement, ranging in the low single digits depending on the applicable field of use for such product sale. If the Company enters into a sublicense under the Tufts License Agreement, the Company will be obligated to pay Tufts a percentage, ranging from the low-to-mid teens based on the applicable field of use for such product, of the license maintenance fees or sublicense issue fees paid to the Company by the sublicensee and the lesser of a percentage, ranging from the low tens to the high twenties based on the applicable field of use for such product, of the royalty payments made to the Company by the sublicensee or the amount of royalty payments that would have been paid by the Company to Tufts if the Company had sold the products.
Unless terminated earlier, the Tufts License Agreement will expire at the same time as the last-to-expire patent in the patent rights licensed to the Company under the agreement and after any such expiration the Company will continue to have an exclusive, fully-paid-up license to such intellectual property licensed from Tufts. Tufts has the right to terminate the agreement upon 30 days’ notice should the Company fail to make a material payment under the Tufts License Agreement or commit a material breach of the agreement and not cure such failure or breach within such 30 day period, or if, after the Company has started to commercialize a product under the Tufts License Agreement, the Company ceases to carry on its business for a period of 90 consecutive days. The Company has the right to terminate the Tufts License Agreement at any time upon 180 days’ notice. Tufts has the right to convert the Company’s exclusive license to a non-exclusive license if the Company does not commercialize a product licensed under the agreement within a specified time period.
The Company also agreed to pay Tufts royalties based on gross sales of products, as defined in the Tufts License Agreement, ranging in the low single digits depending on the applicable field of use for such product sale. If the Company enters into a sublicense under the Tufts License Agreement, it will be obligated to pay Tufts a percentage, ranging from the low-to-mid teens based on the applicable field of use for such product, of the license maintenance fees or sublicense issue fees paid to the Company by the sublicensee and the lesser of a percentage, ranging from the low teens to the high twenties based on the applicable field of use for such product, of the royalty payments made to the Company by the sublicensee or the amount of royalty payments that would have been paid by us to Tufts if the Company had sold the products.
11
Purdue Pharma L.P.
In July 2009, the Company and Purdue Pharma L.P., or Purdue Pharma, entered into a license and collaboration agreement, or the Purdue Collaboration Agreement, that grants an exclusive license to Purdue Pharma to commercialize Intermezzo in the United States and pursuant to which:
|
•
|
Purdue Pharma paid the Company a $25.0 million non-refundable license fee in August 2009;
|
|
•
|
Purdue Pharma paid the Company a $10.0 million non-refundable intellectual property milestone in December 2011 when the first of two issued formulation patents was listed in the FDA’s Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations, or Orange Book;
|
|
•
|
Purdue Pharma paid the Company a $10.0 million non-refundable intellectual property milestone in August 2012 when the first of two issued methods of use patents was listed in the FDA’s Orange Book;
|
|
•
|
The Company transferred the Intermezzo NDA to Purdue Pharma, and Purdue Pharma is obligated to assume the expense associated with maintaining the NDA and further development of Intermezzo in the United States, including any expense associated with post-approval studies;
|
|
•
|
Purdue Pharma is obligated to commercialize Intermezzo in the United States at its expense using commercially reasonable efforts;
|
|
•
|
Purdue Pharma is obligated to pay the Company tiered base royalties on net sales of Intermezzo in the United States ranging from the mid-teens up to the mid-20% level, with each such royalty tiers subject to an increase by a percentage in the low single digits upon a specified anniversary of regulatory approval of Intermezzo. The base royalty is tiered depending upon the achievement of certain fixed net sales thresholds by Purdue Pharma, which net sales levels reset each year for the purpose of calculating the royalty. The royalty tiers are subject to reductions upon generic entry and patent expiration. Purdue Pharma is obligated to pay royalties until the later of 15 years from the date of first commercial sale in the United States or the expiration of patent claims related to Intermezzo; and
|
|
•
|
Purdue Pharma is obligated to pay the Company up to an additional $70.0 million upon the achievement of certain net sales targets for Intermezzo in the United States.
|
The Company had an option to co-promote Intermezzo to psychiatrists in the United States and such option was terminated as a result of the Merger.
The Purdue Collaboration Agreement expires on the expiration of Purdue Pharma’s royalty obligations. Purdue Pharma has the right to terminate the Purdue Collaboration Agreement at any time upon advance notice of 180 days. The Purdue Collaboration Agreement is also subject to termination by Purdue Pharma in the event of FDA or governmental action that materially impairs Purdue Pharma’s ability to commercialize Intermezzo or the occurrence of a serious event with respect to the safety of Intermezzo. The Purdue Collaboration Agreement may also be terminated by the Company upon Purdue Pharma commencing an action that challenges the validity of Intermezzo related patents. The Company also has the right to terminate the Purdue Collaboration Agreement immediately if Purdue Pharma is excluded from participation in federal healthcare programs. The Purdue Collaboration Agreement may also be terminated by either party in the event of a material breach by or insolvency of the other party.
The Company also granted Purdue Pharma and an associated company the right to negotiate for the commercialization of Intermezzo in Mexico in 2013 but retained the rights to commercialize Intermezzo in the rest of the world.
In December 2013, Purdue Pharma notified the Company that it intended to discontinue use of the Purdue Pharma sales force to actively market Intermezzo to healthcare professionals during the first quarter of 2014.
In October 2014, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had approved a special dividend of, among other things, the right to receive, on a pro rata basis, 100% of any royalty income received by the Company pursuant to the Purdue Collaboration Agreement and 90% of any cash proceeds from a sale or disposition of Intermezzo, less fees and expenses incurred in connection with such activity, to the extent that either occurred prior to the second anniversary of the closing date of the Merger. On October 28, 2016, in satisfaction of the Company’s payment obligation of the proceeds of sale or disposition of the Intermezzo assets to the former Transcept stockholders under the Merger Agreement, the Company executed a royalty sharing agreement, or the Royalty Sharing Agreement, with the Special Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, or the Special Committee, a committee established in connection with the Merger. Under the Royalty Sharing Agreement, the Company agreed to pay to the former Transcept stockholders fifty percent of all royalty income received by the Company pursuant to the Purdue Collaboration Agreement, net of all costs, fees and expenses incurred by the Company in connection with the Purdue Collaboration Agreement, related agreements, the Intermezzo
12
product and the administration of the royalty income to the Transcept stockholders.
The remaining balance of the Intermezzo Reserve, after deducting activity during the month of October 2016, as well as any
outstanding royalty payments will be made to former Transcept stockholders shortly after the second anniversary of the Merger
Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories Ltd.
In September 2013, the Company and Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories Ltd., or SNBL, entered into a license agreement, or the SNBL License Agreement, pursuant to which SNBL granted the Company an exclusive worldwide license to commercialize SNBL’s proprietary nasal drug delivery technology to develop TO-2070. The Company was developing TO-2070 as a treatment for acute migraine using SNBL’s proprietary nasal powder drug delivery system. Under the SNBL License Agreement, the Company was required to fund all development and regulatory approval with respect to TO-2070. Pursuant to the SNBL License Agreement, the Company paid an upfront nonrefundable technology license fee of $1.0 million, and the Company was also obligated to pay up to an aggregate of $41.5 million upon the achievement of certain development, regulatory and sales milestones, and tiered, low double-digit royalties on annual net sales of TO-2070.
In September 2014, the Company and SNBL entered into a termination agreement and release, or the SNBL Termination Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, the SNBL License Agreement was terminated and the Company assigned all of its rights, interest and title to the TO-2070 asset to SNBL in exchange for a portion of certain future net revenue received by SNBL as set forth in the SNBL Termination Agreement, up to an aggregate of $2.0 million.
8. Capital Stock
On October 15, 2015, Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. entered into a Controlled Equity Offering
SM
Sales Agreement, or the Sales Agreement, with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., or Cantor, under which the Company could, at its discretion, from time to time sell shares of its common stock, with a sales value of up to $50 million. The Company provided Cantor with customary indemnification rights, and Cantor was entitled to a commission at a fixed rate of 3% of the gross proceeds per share sold. Sales of the shares under the Sales Agreement were to be made in transactions deemed to be “at the market offerings”, as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company initiated sales of shares under the Sales Agreement in March 2016, and sold an aggregate of 129,088 shares of common stock through June 30, 2016, resulting in net proceeds of $2.0 million after deducting commissions of $62,000. There were no sales of shares under the Sales Agreement in the three months ended September 30, 2016.
In June 2016, the Company completed a public offering of 4,887,500 shares of common stock at an offering price of $13.00 per share, which included 637,500 shares of common stock issued upon the exercise by the underwriters of an option to purchase additional shares from the Company. The offering was completed under the shelf registration statement that was filed on Form S-3 and declared effective by the SEC on April 27, 2015. The net proceeds received by the Company, after underwriting discounts and commissions and other estimated offering expenses, were $59.3 million.
Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Warrants to purchase preferred stock with intrinsic value issued to HBM Healthcare Investments (Cayman) Ltd., Omega Fund III, L.P., and K/S Danish BioVenture, all beneficial owners of more than 5% of the Company’s common stock, were exchanged for 9,614 warrants to purchase common stock in connection with the Merger. These 9,614 warrants to purchase common stock have an exercise price of $0.15 per share and will, if not exercised, expire in 2021. A further 5,120 warrants to purchase common stock with an exercise price of $73.66 per share expired in April 2016.
As described in Note 12,
Long-term Debt
, in connection with a Loan and Security Agreement, or the Loan Agreement, into which the Company entered with Hercules Technology II, L.P. and Hercules Technology III, L.P., together, Hercules, and certain other lenders and Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc. (as agent), the Company issued to each of Hercules Technology II, L.P. and Hercules Technology III, L.P. a warrant to purchase 16,346 shares of its common stock (32,692 shares of common stock in total) at an exercise price of $24.47 per share, or the Hercules Warrants, on September 30, 2015, which expire five years from issuance or at the consummation of a Public Acquisition, as defined in each of the Hercules Warrant agreements.
13
9. Accounts Payable and Other Accrued
Expenses
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
September 30,
2016
|
|
|
December 31,
2015
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$
|
5,560
|
|
|
$
|
766
|
|
Accrued legal costs
|
|
|
161
|
|
|
|
615
|
|
Accrued compensation
|
|
|
2,263
|
|
|
|
1,323
|
|
Intermezzo payable
|
|
|
938
|
|
|
|
288
|
|
Accrued professional fees
|
|
|
644
|
|
|
|
874
|
|
Accrued contract manufacturing
|
|
|
2,636
|
|
|
|
2,443
|
|
Accrued other
|
|
|
307
|
|
|
|
134
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
12,509
|
|
|
$
|
6,443
|
|
10. Fair Value Measurements
Financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, money market funds, U.S. treasury and government agency securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and the Intermezzo reserve are carried on the condensed consolidated financial statements at amounts that approximate fair value. The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt is determined using current applicable rates for similar instruments as of the balance sheet date. The carrying value of the long-term debt approximates its fair value as the interest rate is near current market rates. The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt was determined using Level 3 inputs. Fair values are based on assumptions concerning the amount and timing of estimated future cash flows and assumed discount rates, reflecting varying degrees of perceived risk.
The following table presents information about the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that have been measured at fair value as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs utilized to determine such fair value. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or other inputs that are observable market data. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs utilize unobservable data points for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability (in thousands):
Description
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)
|
|
|
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
|
|
|
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
|
|
September 30, 2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. treasury securities
|
|
$
|
55,103
|
|
|
$
|
55,103
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Government agencies
|
|
$
|
12,751
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
12,751
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
$
|
67,854
|
|
|
$
|
55,103
|
|
|
$
|
12,751
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contingent obligations
|
|
$
|
950
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
950
|
|
Total Liabilities
|
|
$
|
950
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
950
|
|
December 31, 2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contingent obligations
|
|
$
|
1,000
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,000
|
|
Total Liabilities
|
|
$
|
1,000
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,000
|
|
Marketable Securities
U.S. treasury securities fair values can be obtained through quoted market prices in active exchange markets and are therefore classified as Level 1. The pricing on government agencies was primarily sourced from independent third party pricing services, overseen by management, and is based on valuation models that consider standard input factor such as deal quotes, market spreads,
14
cash flows,
the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment spreads, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things, and are therefore classified as Level 2.
Contingent Consideration
Contingent obligations represented the right for former Transcept stockholders to receive certain contingent amounts, in the future, consisting of:
|
(i)
|
one hundred percent of any royalty income received by the Company prior to October 30, 2016, pursuant to the Purdue Collaboration Agreement;
|
|
(ii)
|
one hundred percent of any payments received by the Company pursuant to the termination of the SNBL License Agreement, which granted the Company an exclusive worldwide license to commercialize SNBL’s proprietary nasal drug delivery technology for development of TO-2070, a proprietary nasal powder drug delivery system; provided such termination occurs prior to October 30, 2016; and
|
|
(iii)
|
ninety percent of any cash proceeds from a sale or disposition of Intermezzo (less all fees and expenses incurred by the Company in connection with such sale or disposition following the closing date); provided such sale or disposition occurs prior to October 30, 2016.
|
On October 28, 2016, in satisfaction of the Company’s payment obligation of the proceeds of sale or disposition of the Intermezzo product rights to the former Transcept stockholders under the Merger Agreement, the Company executed the Royalty Sharing Agreement with the Special Committee. Under the Royalty Sharing Agreement, the Company agreed to pay to the former Transcept stockholders fifty percent of all royalty income received by the Company pursuant to the Purdue Collaboration Agreement, net of all costs, fees and expenses incurred by the Company in connection with the Purdue Collaboration Agreement, related agreements, the Intermezzo product and the administration of the royalty income to the Transcept stockholders. The Company determined that the Royalty Sharing Agreement represents a modification to the original contingent obligations established under the Merger Agreement in accordance with ASC 805,
Business Combinations.
The fair value of the contingent obligations to former Transcept stockholders was determined using probability-weighted scenario methodologies, employing cash-flow and sale proceeds income approaches with consideration to the potential timing of possible payments to former Transcept stockholders.
Material assumptions used to value contingent obligations to former Transcept stockholders with respect to the Intermezzo product rights as of September 30, 2016 were the forecasted Intermezzo product revenues and associated royalties due the Company, as well as the appropriate discount rate given consideration to the market and forecast risk involved. The results of this valuation yielded a net decrease in contingent obligations to former Transcept stockholders $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
Material assumptions used to value contingent obligations to former Transcept stockholders with respect to Intermezzo product rights as of December 31, 2015 included:
|
•
|
probabilities associated with the various outcomes of the ongoing ANDA litigation and the potential sale of Intermezzo product rights;
|
|
•
|
the forecasted Intermezzo product revenues and associated royalties due the Company, as well as the appropriate discount rate given consideration to the market and forecast risk involved; and
|
|
•
|
the potential proceeds associated with, and timing of, the sale of the Company’s Intermezzo product rights.
|
Material assumptions used to value contingent obligations to former Transcept stockholders with respect to the TO-2070 product rights as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 include:
|
•
|
probabilities associated with SNBL licensing the TO-2070 asset under the SNBL Termination Agreement; and
|
|
•
|
potential proceeds associated with, and timing of, the potential payments in accordance with the SNBL Termination Agreement.
|
15
The following table provides a roll forward of the fair value of contingent obligations categorized as Level 3 instruments, for the
nine months ended September 30, 2016 (in thousands):
|
|
Contingent
liability—
former
Transcept
stockholders
|
|
Balances at December 31, 2015
|
|
$
|
1,000
|
|
Change in fair value
|
|
|
(50
|
)
|
Balances at September 30, 2016
|
|
$
|
950
|
|
11. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recognizes compensation expense of stock-based awards over the vesting periods of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. The following table presents stock-based compensation expense included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
|
|
Three months ended
September 30,
|
|
|
Nine months ended
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Research and development expense
|
|
$
|
871
|
|
|
$
|
413
|
|
|
$
|
2,530
|
|
|
$
|
704
|
|
General and administrative expense
|
|
|
1,788
|
|
|
|
1,100
|
|
|
|
5,572
|
|
|
|
2,236
|
|
Total stock-based compensation expense
|
|
$
|
2,659
|
|
|
$
|
1,513
|
|
|
$
|
8,102
|
|
|
$
|
2,940
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense is estimated as of the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which generally represents the vesting period. The Company estimates the fair value of its stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company estimates expected forfeitures based on historical experience and recognizes compensation costs only for those equity awards expected to vest.
The weighted-average assumptions used to determine the value of the stock option grants is as follows:
|
|
Three months ended
September 30,
|
Nine months ended
September 30,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
Volatility
|
|
|
71.8
|
%
|
|
61.7
|
%
|
|
|
73.5
|
%
|
|
|
58.8
|
%
|
Weighted average risk-free interest rate
|
|
|
1.3
|
%
|
|
1.6
|
%
|
|
|
1.4
|
%
|
|
|
1.7
|
%
|
Expected dividend yield
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
Expected life of options (in years)
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
|
6.0
|
|
|
|
5.8
|
|
|
|
6.0
|
|
Stock Option Plan Activity
The number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for issuance under the Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2015 Plan, was initially 1,200,000 shares, plus the number of shares that again become available for grant as a result of forfeited or terminated awards or shares withheld in satisfaction of the exercise price of withholding obligations associated with awards under the Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2006 Incentive Award Plan, as amended, and the Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, not to exceed 2,000,000 shares. 880,430 shares of common stock were automatically added to the shares authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan on January 1, 2016 pursuant to a “Share Reserve” provision contained in the 2015 Plan. The Share Reserve will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, for the period commencing on (and including) January 1, 2016 and ending on (and including) January 1, 2025, in an amount equal to 5% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Directors of the Company may act prior to January 1 of a given year to provide that there will be no January 1 increase in the Share Reserve for such year or that the increase in the Share Reserve for such year will be a lesser number of shares of common stock than would otherwise occur.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors granted 205,000 restricted stock units to executives and employees of the Company and 657,500 stock options to directors, officers and employees of the Company under the 2015 Plan, with time vesting provisions ranging from one to four years. 25,000 restricted stock units and 25,056 stock options granted under the 2015 Plan were cancelled during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
16
The Company has not made any additional grants under
the Paratek Pharma
ceuticals, Inc.
2015 Inducement Plan, or the 2015 Inducement Plan, since December 31, 2015.
However, 66,667 stock options granted under the 2015 Inducement Plan were cancelled during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
Although the Company does not
currently anticipate the issuance of additional stock options under the 2015 Inducement Plan, 73,167 shares remain available for grant under that plan, as well as any shares underlying outstanding options that may become available for grant pursuant to the
plan’s terms. It is therefore possible that the Company may, based on the business and recruiting needs of the Company, issue additional stock options under the 2015 Inducement Plan.
As of December 31, 2015, no additional shares remained available for issuance under either the
Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, or the Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan. However, 15,000 restricted stock units and 19,277 stock options granted under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan were cancelled during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and the shares underlying such awards became available for grant under the 2015 Plan.
Total shares available for future issuance under the 2015 Plan are 385,763 shares as of September 30, 2016.
Stock options
A summary of stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 is as follows:
|
|
Number
of Shares
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(in years)
|
|
|
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
|
|
Outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances at December 31, 2015
|
|
|
2,242,890
|
|
|
$
|
17.91
|
|
|
|
9.10
|
|
|
$
|
10,692
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
657,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(2,508
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expired or Forfeited
|
|
|
(111,000
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances at September 30, 2016
|
|
|
2,786,882
|
|
|
$
|
16.74
|
|
|
|
8.50
|
|
|
$
|
6,290
|
|
Exercisable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2016
|
|
|
986,202
|
|
|
$
|
16.44
|
|
|
|
8.10
|
|
|
$
|
2,959
|
|
Vested and expected to vest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2016
|
|
|
2,598,440
|
|
|
$
|
16.69
|
|
|
|
8.50
|
|
|
$
|
6,008
|
|
Restricted Stock Units
A summary of restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 is as follows:
|
|
Number
of Shares
|
|
|
Weighted
Average
Grant Date Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unvested balance at December 31, 2015
|
|
|
275,500
|
|
|
$
|
24.43
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
205,000
|
|
|
|
14.04
|
|
Cancelled
|
|
|
(40,000
|
)
|
|
|
19.96
|
|
Unvested balance at September 30, 2016
|
|
|
440,500
|
|
|
$
|
20.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total unrecognized compensation expense for all stock-based awards was $19.3million as of September 30, 2016. This amount will be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.31 years.
12. Long-term Debt
On September 30, 2015, the Company entered into the Loan Agreement with Hercules and certain other lenders, and Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc. Under the Loan Agreement, Hercules will provide the Company with access to term loans with an aggregate principal amount of up to $40.0 million, or the Term Loan. The Company initially drew a principal amount of $20.0 million,
17
which was funded on September 30, 2015. The remaining $20.0 million available under the Loan Agreement can be drawn at the Company’
s option in minimum increments of $10.0 million through December 31, 2016, or the Draw Period. The Term Loan is repayable in monthly installments commencing on April 1, 2018 through maturity on September 1, 2020. The interest rate is equal to the greater o
f (i) 8.5%, or (ii) the sum of 8.5%, plus the “prime rate” as reported in The Wall Street Journal minus 5.75% per annum. An end of term charge equal to 4.5% of the issued principal balance of the Term Loan is payable at maturity, including in the event of
any prepayment, and is being accrued as interest expense over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. Borrowings under the Loan Agreement are collateralized by substantially all of the assets of the Company.
If the Company repays all or a portion of the Term Loan prior to maturity, in addition to the end of term charge, the Company will pay Hercules a prepayment fee as follows: (i) 2.0% of the then outstanding principal amount if the prepayment occurs prior to April 1, 2018 or (ii) no fee if the prepayment occurs on or after April 1, 2018.
Upon an “Event of Default”,
an additional 5.0% interest will be applied and
Hercules may, at its option, accelerate and demand payment of all or any part of the loan together with the prepayment and end of term charges. An Event of Default is defined in the Loan Agreement as (i) failure to make required payments; (ii) failure to adhere to financial, operating and reporting loan covenants; (iii) an event or development occurs that would be reasonably expected to have a material adverse effect; (iv) false representations in the Loan Agreement; v) insolvency, as described in the Loan Agreement; (vi) levy or attachments on any of the Company's assets; and (vii) default of any other agreement or subordinated debt greater than $1.0 million. In the event of insolvency, this acceleration and declaration would be automatic. In addition, in connection with the Loan Agreement, the Company agreed to provide Hercules with a contingent security interest in the Company's bank accounts. The Company's control of its bank accounts is not adversely affected unless Hercules elects to obtain unilateral control of the Company's bank accounts by declaring that an Event of Default has occurred. The principal of the Term Loan, which is not due within 12 months of September 30, 2016, has been classified as long-term as the Company determined that a material adverse effect resulting in Hercules exercising its rights under the subjective acceleration clause is remote.
Subject to certain terms, pursuant to the Loan Agreement, Hercules was also granted the right to participate in an amount of up to $2.0 million in subsequent sales and issuances of the Company's equity securities to one or more investors for cash for financing purposes in an offering that is broadly marketed to multiple investors and at the same terms as the other investors. On September 30, 2015, Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc. entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with the Company to purchase 44,782 shares of common stock resulting in proceeds to the Company of approximately $1.0 million. The excess of proceeds received by the Company over the fair value of the common stock issued was allocated as a reduction of the fees paid to Hercules in conjunction with obtaining the initial $20.0 million draw of the Term Loan.
Debt issuance costs of $511,000 have been ratably allocated to the initial $20.0 million draw and the remaining unfunded $20.0 million. Debt issuance costs related to the initial $20.0 million draw are presented on the consolidated balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than capitalized as an asset in accordance with the Company’s early adoption of ASU No. 2015-03,
Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs
. Issuance costs related to the unfunded amount have been capitalized as prepaid asset and are being amortized ratably through the end of the Draw Period. In the event the Company exercises its option to borrow additional funds, the remaining unamortized prepaid asset balance would be reclassified and recorded as a deduction from the face amount of the funds borrowed based upon a ratable allocation of the amount drawn compared to the remaining unfunded amount available to the Company and will be amortized over the remaining life of the term loan using the effective interest method.
In connection with the Loan Agreement, the Company issued to each of Hercules Technology II, L.P. and Hercules Technology III, L.P., a warrant to purchase 16,346 shares of the Company’s common stock (32,692 shares of common stock in total) at an exercise price of $24.47 per share. The Hercules Warrants’ total relative fair value of $288,000 at September 30, 2015 was determined using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The relative fair value of the Hercules Warrants was included as a discount to the Term Loan and also as a component of additional paid-in capital.
In addition to the Hercules Warrants, the Company paid fees to Hercules in conjunction with obtaining the Term Loan. The Hercules Warrants fair value and fees paid to Hercules, an aggregate of $572,000, were ratably allocated to the initial $20.0 million draw and the remaining unfunded $20.0 million. The $208,000 of costs allocated to the initial $20.0 million draw were recorded as a debt discount and are being amortized as additional interest expense over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. The $364,000 of costs allocated to the unfunded $20.0 million was recorded as prepaid expenses and are being amortized ratably through the end of the Draw Period. In the event the Company exercises its option to borrow additional funds, the remaining unamortized prepaid asset balance related would be reclassified and recorded as debt discount based upon a ratable allocation of the amount drawn compared to the remaining unfunded amount available to the Company and will be amortized over the remaining life of the term loan using the effective interest method.
18
A
s of September 30, 2016, the Company has recorded a long-term debt obligation of $19.7 million, net of debt discount of $0.3 million and prepaid expenses of $0.1
million.
Future principal payments, which exclude the 4.5% end of term charge, in connection with the Loan Agreement, as of September 30, 2016 are as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year
|
|
|
|
|
2016
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
2017
|
|
|
—
|
|
2018
|
|
|
5,540
|
|
2019
|
|
|
7,973
|
|
2020 and thereafter
|
|
|
6,487
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
20,000
|
|
13
.
Income Taxes
There is no provision for federal and state income taxes since the Company has historically incurred operating losses. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are recognized based on temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using statutory rates. Management of the Company has evaluated the positive and negative evidence bearing upon the realizability of its deferred tax assets, which are comprised principally of net operating loss carryforwards and research and development credits. Under the applicable accounting standards, management has considered the Company’s history of losses and concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will not recognize the benefits of federal and state deferred tax assets. Accordingly, a full valuation allowance has been established against the Company’s otherwise recognizable net deferred tax assets.
14. Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
The Company leases its Boston, Massachusetts and King of Prussia, Pennsylvania office spaces under non-cancelable operating leases expiring in 2019 and 2021, respectively. The Company entered into the King of Prussia and Boston leases in January 2015 and April 2015, respectively, and the lease terms are for six and four years, respectively, each with one renewal option for an extended term. The King of Prussia and Boston lease terms began in June 2015 and July 2015, respectively. The Company is required to make additional payments under the facility operating leases for taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses incurred during the operating lease period. The leases contain rent escalation and rent holiday, which are being accounted for as rent expense under the straight-line method. Deferred rent is included in accounts payable and other accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2016. The Company will record monthly rent expense of approximately $35,000 and $12,000 for the original Boston and King of Prussia offices, respectively, on a straight-line basis over the effective lease terms.
The Company executed an amended lease agreement on its Boston office space in July 2016. The amended lease agreement adds 4,153 rentable square feet of office space, for a commitment of $1.1 million and extends the original lease term by two years, for an additional commitment of $0.9 million. The total lease commitment of $2.0 million is over a five-year lease term. In accordance with the amended lease agreement, the Company paid a security deposit of $0.1 million. The Company is required to make additional payments under the facility operating leases for taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses incurred during the operating lease period.
The Company executed an amended lease agreement on its King of Prussia office space in October 2016. The amended lease agreement is for 19,708 rentable square feet of office space, for a total commitment of $3.6 million. The total lease commitment is over a seven-year and seven-month lease term. The leases contain rent escalation and a rent free period, which will be accounted for as rent expense under the straight-line method. The Company is required to make additional payments under the facility operating leases for taxes, insurance, and other operating expenses incurred during the operating lease period.
Rent expense, exclusive of related taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs, for continuing operations totaled approximately $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $0.4 million and $0.2 million for nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and is reflected in operating expenses.
As of September 30, 2016, future minimum lease payments under operating leases are as follows:
19
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year
|
|
|
|
|
Remainder of 2016
|
|
$
|
178
|
|
2017
|
|
|
824
|
|
2018
|
|
|
835
|
|
2019
|
|
|
826
|
|
2020
|
|
|
841
|
|
2021
|
|
|
594
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
4,098
|
|
Intermezzo Patent Litigation
In July 2012, the Company received notifications from three companies, Actavis Elizabeth LLC, or Actavis Elizabeth, Watson Laboratories, Inc.—Florida, or Watson, and Novel Laboratories, Inc., or Novel, in September 2012, from each of Par Pharmaceutical, Inc. and Par Formulations Private Ltd., together, the Par Entities, in February 2013 from Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, Inc. and Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, Ltd., together, Dr. Reddy’s, and in July 2013 from TWi Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Twi, stating that each has filed with the FDA an ANDA, that references Intermezzo. Refer to Item 3,
Legal Proceedings
, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, as filed with the SEC on March 9, 2016, for a full description of the history of this litigation.
The New Jersey District Court, held a consolidated trial between December 1, 2014 and December 15, 2014 involving Paratek, Purdue Pharma, and their patent infringement claims against Actavis Elizabeth, Novel, and Dr. Reddy’s. The New Jersey District Court then received post-trial briefing and held a February 13, 2015 post-trial hearing. On March 27, 2015, the New Jersey District Court issued an order and accompanying opinion finding that: (a) the asserted claims of U.S. Patent Nos. 7,682,628, 8,242,131, and 8,252,809, are invalid as obvious; (b) Actavis Elizabeth, Novel, and Dr. Reddy’s infringe the ‘131 patent; (c) Novel infringes the ‘628 patent; and (d) Novel and Dr. Reddy’s infringe the ‘809 patent. On April 9, 2015, the New Jersey District Court entered final judgment consistent with the March 27, 2015 opinion and order referenced above. As a result of the New Jersey District Court’s findings, the intangible assets representing Intermezzo product rights were impaired and the related contingent obligation was reduced in light of an expected decline in Intermezzo sales for the three months ended March 31, 2015.
The Company and Purdue Pharma jointly appealed the New Jersey District Court’s final judgment as to the '131 patent to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on May 6, 2015. On January 8, 2016 the U.S. Court of Appeals affirmed the decision of the New Jersey District Court, and no opinion accompanied the judgment. On September 14, 2016, the defendants filed a warrant of satisfaction of judgment in the New Jersey District Court for the costs having been fully paid to defendants.
On October 28, 2016, in satisfaction of the Company’s payment obligation of the proceeds of sale or disposition of the Intermezzo product rights to the former Transcept stockholders under the Merger Agreement, the Company executed the Royalty Sharing Agreement with the Special Committee. Under the Royalty Sharing Agreement, the Company agreed to pay to the former Transcept stockholders fifty percent of all royalty income received by the Company pursuant to the Purdue Collaboration Agreement, net of all costs, fees and expenses incurred by the Company in connection with the Purdue Collaboration Agreement, related agreements, the Intermezzo product and the administration of the royalty income to the Transcept stockholders, or collectively, the Costs. As such, subsequent to the second anniversary of the Merger, the Company intends to pay to the Transcept stockholders (i) one hundred percent of the royalty income received under the Purdue Collaboration Agreement through the second anniversary of the Merger, (ii) the excess remaining at October 30, 2016 of the $3.0 million Intermezzo reserve deposited at closing of the Merger, and (iii) fifty percent of all royalty income, net of Costs, to be received by the Company pursuant to the Purdue Collaboration Agreement for all periods after October 30, 2016.
Patent Term Adjustment Suit
In January 2013, the Company filed suit in the Eastern District of Virginia against the United States Patent and Trademark Office, or the USPTO, seeking recalculation of the patent term adjustment of the ’131 Patent. Purdue Pharma has agreed to bear the costs and expenses associated with this litigation. In June 2013, the judge granted a joint motion to stay the proceedings pending a remand to the USPTO, in which the USPTO is expected to reconsider its patent term adjustment award in light of decisions in a number of appeals to the Federal Circuit, including Novartis AG v. Lee 740 F.3d 593 (Fed. Cir. 2014), or the Novartis decision. Since having issued final rules implementing the Novartis decision, the USPTO has been working through the civil action cases and issuing remand decisions. The Company’s case was on remand until the USPTO made its decision on the recalculation of the patent term adjustment. On September 28, 2016, the USPTO issued a decision that the patent term adjustment is 1,038 days, from which the ‘131
20
Patent expiration would be March 26, 2029.
Other Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is from time to time involved in lawsuits, claims, investigations, proceedings, and threats of litigation relating to intellectual property, commercial arrangements, employment and other matters. While the outcome of these proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, as of September 30, 2016, the Company was not party to any other legal or arbitration proceedings that may have, or have had in the recent past, significant effects on the Company’s financial position. No governmental proceedings are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge,
contemplated against the Company. The Company is not a party to any material proceedings in which any director, member of executive management or affiliate of the Company is either a party adverse to the Company or the Company’s subsidiaries or has a material interest adverse to the Company or the Company’s subsidiaries.
15. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations upon adoption.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
, which supersedes all existing revenue recognition requirements, including most industry-specific guidance. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the company expects to receive for those goods or services.
In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date
, which delayed the effective date of the new standard from January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2018.
Early adoption is not permitted for public entities. In March 2016 and April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)
and
ASU No. 2016-10,
Revenue from Contracts
with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,
respectively
.
The Company has not yet completed its final review of the impact of this guidance, although the Company does not anticipate a material impact on its revenue recognition practices. The Company continues to review this guidance, potential disclosures and the Company’s method of adoption to complete its evaluation of the impact on its consolidated financial statements. In addition, the Company continues to monitor additional changes, modifications, clarifications or interpretations being undertaken by the FASB, which may impact the Company’s current conclusions.
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-12 Compensation—Stock Compensation. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09—Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This ASU simplifies several areas of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either liabilities or equity and classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows. This guidance also permits a new entity-wide accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures when they occur. This guidance will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods, and early adoption is permitted. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period.
The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15
Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern
. The amendments in this update apply to all reporting entities and require an entity’s management, in connection with preparing financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or within one year after the date that the financial statements are available to be issued when applicable). This ASU is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016. Early application is permitted.
Although the Company has not yet adopted this ASU, the Company evaluated the impact of this new standard as if it was adopted in connection with the issuance of its financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and determined no additional disclosures are required.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02,
Leases (Topic 842)
. The amendment requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with a maximum possible term of more than 12 months. A lessee would recognize a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the leased asset (the underlying asset) for the lease term. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including those interim periods within those fiscal years.
The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.
21
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15,
Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230),
which simplifies certain elements of cash flow classification. The new guidance is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in
the statement of cash flows. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the ASU will have
on its consolidated financial statements.