Report of Foreign Issuer (6-k)

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the month of September 2016

Commission File Number: 001-36581

Vascular Biogenics Ltd.

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

6 Jonathan Netanyahu St.,

Or Yehuda

Israel 60376

(Address of principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F x Form 40-F ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ¨

Indicate by check mark whether by furnishing the information contained in this Form, the registrant is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes ¨ No x

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b): 82-

CONTENTS

On September 19, 2016, Jide Zeitlin notified Vascular Biogenics Ltd. (the “Company”) of his resignation from the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”). Mr. Zeitlin’s resignation did not result from any disagreement with the Company on any matter relating to the Company’s operations, policies or practices The Company hereby incorporates by reference the information contained herein into the Company’s registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-207250).

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.