ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks, uncertainties and other factors described below. The statements contained in or incorporated herein that are not historic facts are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in or implied by forward-looking statements. Any of the factors could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects and could negatively impact the market price of our common stock. Also, you should be aware that the risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties, of which we are not yet aware, or that we currently consider to be immaterial may also impair our business operations.

Risks Related to Our Company

We are an early stage company that may never attain profitability.

The business of acquiring, exploring for, developing and producing hydrocarbon reserves is inherently risky. We have a limited operating history for you to consider in evaluating our business and prospects. Our operations are therefore subject to all of the risks inherent in acquiring, exploring for, developing and producing hydrocarbon reserves, particularly in light of our limited experience in undertaking such activities. We may never overcome these obstacles.

Our business is speculative and dependent upon the implementation of our business plan and our ability to enter into agreements with third parties for the rights to exploit potential oil and natural gas reserves on terms that will be commercially viable for us.

Our current business model relies exclusively on uncertain future royalty payments as a source of future revenue. We have no influence on the activities conducted by the Lessees with regards to the exploitation of mineral rights owned by the company.

Our current business model relates to the potential generation of revenue from royalties tied to certain leases. These leases have been granted to experienced exploration and operating companies, all of whom have prior experience in drilling deep lateral multi-fracture horizontal wells. Until such time as wells are drilled on property where the Company owns mineral rights; any future income will be uncertain. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the leases, we have no influence with regard to when the drilling will be undertaken, no decision making ability as to the location of any future wells and no influence as to the rate the wells are produced, if the operators are successful, of which there is no assurance. In the event the Lessees fail to meet their drilling commitment, the company has only three options: 1) it can agree to grant an extension; 2) it can renegotiate the terms of the existing leases; or 3) it can legally terminate the leases.

We may be unable to obtain additional capital or generate significant production royalty income that we will require to implement our business plan, which could restrict our ability to grow.

We expect that our current capital and our other existing resources will be sufficient only to provide a limited amount of working capital, and the potential of production royalty revenues generated from our oil and gas mineral rights properties, of which there is no assurance, may not be sufficient to fund both our continuing operations and our planned growth. We may require additional capital to continue to operate our business beyond the initial phase of development and to further expand our exploration and development programs to additional properties. We may be unable to obtain additional capital, and if we are able to secure additional capital, it may not be pursuant to terms deemed to be favorable to BRI and its shareholders.

Future acquisitions and future exploration, development, production and marketing activities, as well as our administrative requirements (such as salaries, insurance expenses and general overhead expenses, as well as legal compliance costs and accounting expenses) may require a substantial amount of additional capital and cash flow.

We may pursue sources of additional capital through various financing transactions or arrangements, including joint venturing of projects, debt financing, equity financing or other means. We may not be successful in locating suitable financing transactions in the time period required or at all, and we may not obtain the capital we require by other means. If we do not succeed in raising additional capital, our resources may not be sufficient to fund our planned operations going forward beyond twelve months from now.

Any additional capital raised through the sale of equity may dilute the ownership percentage of our stockholders. This could also result in a decrease in the fair market value of our equity securities because our assets would be owned by a larger pool of outstanding equity. The terms of securities we issue in future capital transactions may be more favorable to our new investors, and may include preferences, superior voting rights and the issuance of other derivative securities, and issuances of incentive awards under equity employee incentive plans, which may have a further dilutive effect.

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Our ability to obtain financing may be impaired by such factors as the capital markets (both generally and in the oil and gas industry in particular), our status as a new enterprise without a significant demonstrated operating history, production royalty revenue from our mineral rights property, currently our only oil and natural gas property and prices of oil and natural gas on the commodities markets (which will impact the amount of asset-based financing available to us) and/or the loss of key management. Further, if oil and/or natural gas prices on the commodities markets decline, our revenues from the anticipated royalties will decrease and such decreased revenues may increase our requirements for capital. If the amount of capital we are able to raise from financing activities, together with our revenues from operations, is not sufficient to satisfy our capital needs (even to the extent that we reduce our operations), we may be required to cease our operations.

We may incur substantial costs in pursuing future capital financing, including investment banking fees, legal fees, accounting fees, securities law compliance fees, printing and distribution expenses and other costs. We may also be required to recognize non-cash expenses in connection with certain securities we may issue, such as convertible notes, which may adversely impact our financial condition.

Under the terms of the lease agreements with our Lessees, we have very little control over how many wells our Lessees drill on our properties or how much they produce.

Our current business model relates to the potential generation of revenue from royalties tied to certain leases on property covered in part by mineral rights owned by us. These leases have been granted to Lessees who are experienced exploration and operating oil companies, who have prior experience in drilling deep lateral multi-fracture horizontal wells. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the leases, we have no influence with regard to when the drilling will be undertaken, no decision making ability as to the location of any future wells and no influence as to the rate the wells are produced, if the operators are successful, of which there is no assurance.

The success and timing of development activities by Lessees will depend on a number of factors that will largely be out of our control, including:

We have no control over the operational effectiveness or financial wherewithal of our operators.

Our current business model relies heavily upon our operators and their operational effectiveness and financial wherewithal. Therefore, our operating revenue and cash flow may be heavily impacted if our operators are not effective or accurate when determining our net royalty revenue.

Similarly, our business model is heavily predicated upon our operators’ ability to pay royalty when due and to have sufficient capital to maintain existing wells and to drill new wells.

We have limited previous operating history in the oil and gas industry, which may raise substantial doubt as to our ability to successfully develop profitable business operations.

We have a limited operating history. Our business operations must be considered in light of the risks, expenses, and difficulties frequently encountered in establishing a business in the oil and natural gas industries. There is nothing at this time on which to base an assumption that our business operations will prove to be successful in the long-term. Our future operating results will depend on many factors, such as

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To achieve profitable operations in the future, we are primarily dependent upon the oil company Lessees to successfully execute on the factors stated above, along with continuing to develop strategies and relationships to enhance our revenue by financially participating and investing in various drilling programs with third parties. Despite their best efforts, our Lessees may not be successful in their exploration or development efforts or obtain required regulatory approvals on the property where BRI is entitled to a production royalty. There is a possibility that some, or most, of the wells to be drilled on our mineral rights properties may never produce natural gas or oil.

As a result of our acquisition of properties in Idaho, part of our future strategy may involve actual operations in drilling in existing or emerging oil or gas plays using some of the latest available drilling and completion techniques. The results of our potential exploratory drilling in these plays are subject to drilling and completion technique risks and drilling results may not meet our expectations for reserves or production. As a result, we may incur material write-downs and the value of our undeveloped acreage could decline if drilling results are unsuccessful.

Risks that we may face while drilling include, but are not limited to, landing our well bore in the desired drilling zone, running casing the entire length of the well bore and being able to run tools and other equipment consistently through the well bore. Risks that we may face while completing our wells include, but are not limited to, being able to run tools the entire length of the well bore during completion and being able to fracture the formation sufficiently to generate commercially viable oil or gas production.

Our experience with horizontal drilling utilizing the latest drilling and completion techniques specifically in Idaho is limited. Ultimately, the success of these drilling and completion techniques can only be evaluated over time as more wells are drilled and production profiles are established over a sufficiently long time period. If our drilling results are less than anticipated or we are unable to execute our drilling program because of capital constraints, lease expirations, access to gathering systems and limited takeaway capacity or otherwise, and/or natural gas and oil prices decline, the return on our investment in these areas may not be as attractive as we anticipate and we could incur material write-downs of unevaluated properties and the value of our undeveloped acreage could decline in the future.

Drilling locations that we decide to drill may not yield oil or gas in commercially viable quantities.

There is no way to predict in advance of drilling and testing whether any particular location will yield oil or natural gas in sufficient quantities to recover drilling or completion costs or to be economically viable. Despite advancements in technology, there is no way to determinate whether oil or natural gas will be present or, if present, whether oil or natural gas will be present in sufficient quantities to be economically viable. Even if sufficient amounts of oil or natural gas exist, we may damage the potentially productive hydrocarbon bearing formation or experience mechanical difficulties while drilling or completing the well, resulting in a reduction in production from the well or abandonment of the well. If we drill additional wells that we identify as dry holes in our current and future drilling locations, our drilling success rate may decline and materially harm our business. We cannot assure you that the analogies we draw from available data from other wells, more fully explored locations or producing fields will be applicable to our drilling locations.

Our potential drilling location inventories are likely to be scheduled over several years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of their drilling. In addition, we may not be able to raise the substantial amount of capital that would be necessary to drill a substantial portion of our potential drilling locations.

Our management has not yet identified potential drilling locations as an estimation of our future drilling activities in the Big Willow Lease. Our ability to drill and develop these locations is subject to a number of uncertainties, including the availability of capital, seasonal conditions, regulatory approvals, oil and natural gas prices, costs and drilling results. Because of these uncertainties, we do not know if the numerous potential drilling locations we have identified will ever be drilled or if we will be able to produce oil or natural gas from these or any other potential drilling locations. Pursuant to existing SEC rules and guidance, subject to limited exceptions, proved undeveloped reserves may only be booked if they relate to wells scheduled to be drilled within five years of the date of booking. These rules and guidance may limit our potential to book additional proved undeveloped reserves as we pursue our drilling program. Moreover, the leases that we have signed in Idaho relating to the Big Willow properties, are currently contemplated to be operated by Holms Energy Development Corporation (HEDC), an entity controlled by Val Holms, who was the Company’s CEO at the time the Big Willow Lease was signed. HEDC’s experience in the area occupied by the Big Willow Lease is limited and creates additional uncertainty with respect to the likely drilling program that may be adopted in the future.

Our management team does not have extensive experience in public company matters, which could impair our ability to comply with legal and regulatory requirements.

Our management team has had limited public company management experience or responsibilities, which could impair our ability to comply with legal and regulatory requirements such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and other federal securities laws applicable to reporting companies, including filing required reports and other information required on a timely basis. It may be expensive to implement programs and policies in an effective and timely manner that adequately respond to increased legal, regulatory compliance and reporting requirements imposed by such laws and regulations, and we may not have the resources to do so. Our failure to comply with such laws and regulations could lead to the imposition of fines and penalties and further result in the deterioration of our business and decreased value of our stock.

If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.

Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our reputation and operating results could be harmed. We cannot be certain that our efforts to maintain our internal controls will be successful, that we will be able to maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future or that we will be able to continue to comply with our obligations under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Any failure to maintain effective internal controls, or difficulties encountered in implementing or improving our internal controls, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet certain reporting obligations.

Our lack of diversification will increase the risk of an investment in BRI, and our financial condition and results of operations may deteriorate if we fail to diversify .

Our business focus predominately is on the oil and gas industry on our oil and gas mineral rights property, located in McKenzie County, North Dakota. Larger companies have the ability to manage their risk by diversification. However, we currently lack diversification, in terms of both the nature and geographic scope of our business. As a result, we will likely be impacted more acutely by factors affecting our industry or the regions in which we operate than we would if our business were more diversified, enhancing our risk profile. If we cannot diversify or expand our operations, our financial condition and results of operations could deteriorate. We have been solely dependent on the expertise of our Lessees as the operator of our property.

Uncertain future royalty payment and limited influence on future drilling and exploration.

Our current business model relates to the potential generation of revenue from royalties tied to certain leases owned by us. These leases have been granted to experienced exploration and operating companies, both of whom have prior experience in drilling deep lateral multi-fracture horizontal wells. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the leases, we have no influence with regard to when the drilling will be undertaken, no decision making ability as to the location of any future wells and no influence as to the rate the wells are produced, there are no assurances as to the success of the operators.

Strategic relationships upon which we rely may change, which could diminish our ability to conduct our operations.

Our ability to successfully acquire additional mineral rights properties, to participate in drilling opportunities, and to identify and enter into commercial arrangements with other third party companies will depend on developing and maintaining close working relationships with industry participants and on our ability to select and evaluate suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment. These realities are subject to change and may impair our ability to grow.

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To continue to develop our business, we will endeavor to use the business relationships of our management to identify, screen, and enter into strategic relationships, which may take the form of joint ventures with other private parties and contractual arrangements with other operating oil and gas exploration companies. We may not be able to establish these strategic relationships, or if established, we may not be able to maintain them. Even if we are able to engage in joint venture and enter into strategic investment relationships with existing operators, they may not be pursuant to terms and conditions that are favorable to us. In addition, the dynamics of our relationships with strategic partners may require us to incur expenses or undertake activities we would not otherwise be inclined to in order to fulfill our obligations to these partners or maintain our relationships. If our strategic relationships are not established or maintained, our business prospects may be limited, which could diminish our ability to conduct our operations.

Our property acquisition strategy subjects us to the risks and inherent uncertainties associated with evaluating properties for which limited information is available.

Our decision to acquire a property will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained from production reports and engineering studies, geophysical and geological analyses and seismic and other information, the results of which are often inconclusive and subject to various interpretations. Also, our reviews of acquired properties are inherently incomplete because it generally is not feasible to perform an in-depth review of the individual properties involved in each acquisition. Even a detailed review of records and properties may not necessarily reveal existing or potential problems, nor will it permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to assess fully their deficiencies and potential. Inspections may not always be performed on every well, and environmental problems, such as ground water contamination, are not necessarily observable even when an inspection is undertaken.

Any acquisition involves other potential risks, including, among other things:

Fierce market competition may impair our business.

The oil and gas industry is highly competitive. Holding valuable land interests is our primary means of income, and competition for acquiring such properties in the Bakken and Three Forks regions is highly competitive. Even once we acquire valuable properties, our Lessees face an additional layer of competition related to generating revenue from production. We have no control over our Lessees’ ability to succeed in a highly competitive market. Nonetheless, our sole source of revenue (i.e. royalties stemming from successful operation by our Lessees) relies entirely on our Lessees’ success. Competition has become increasingly intense as prices of oil and natural gas on the commodities markets have increased in recent years.

Additionally, other companies engaged in our line of business may compete with us from time to time in obtaining capital from investors. Competitors include larger companies, who may have a significant competitive advantage due to their access to greater resources, greater ability to recruit and retain qualified employees, and even conduct their own refining and petroleum marketing operations. In addition, actual or potential competitors may be strengthened through the acquisition of additional assets and interests. If we are unable to compete effectively or adequately respond to competitive pressures, this inability may materially adversely affect our results of operation and financial condition.

Seasonal weather conditions adversely affect operators’ ability to conduct drilling activities in the areas where our properties are located.

Seasonal weather conditions can limit drilling and producing activities and other operations in our operating areas and as a result, a majority of the drilling on our properties is generally performed during the summer and fall months. These seasonal constraints can pose challenges for meeting well drilling objectives and increase competition for equipment, supplies and personnel during the summer and fall months, which could lead to shortages and increase costs or delay operations. Additionally, many municipalities impose weight restrictions on the paved roads that lead to jobsites due to the muddy conditions caused by spring thaws. This could limit access to jobsites and operators’ ability to service wells in these areas.

Reliance on Consultants

Since Bakken uses a number of consultants, such consultants may not be subject to the standard internal controls that the Company has for its employees. Therefore, certain risks may be difficult for the Company to detect with respect to its consultants, such as direct, day-to-day oversight of consultant activities.

Net Royalty Interest Volatility

The Company’s cumulative net royalty interest is a result of (a) the product of net mineral acreage for each well and (b) the royalty percentage divided by (c) the spacing unit acreage declared by the state of North Dakota. The Company’s cumulative net royalty interest is subject to volatility for the following reasons:

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Risks Related to the Ownership of Bakken Resources, Inc. Common Stock

Our stock has a low trading volume and price.

Although our common stock is approved for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board, there has been little, if any, trading activity in the stock. Accordingly, there is no history on which to estimate the future trading price range of the common stock. If the common stock trades below $5.00 per share, trading in the common stock will be subject to the requirements of certain rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which require additional disclosure by broker-dealers in connection with any trades involving a stock defined as a penny stock (generally, any non-FINRA equity security that has a market price share of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions). Such rules require the delivery, prior to any penny stock transaction, of a disclosure schedule explaining the penny stock market and the risks associated therewith and impose various sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell penny stocks to persons other than established customers and accredited investors (generally defined as an investor with a net worth, not including the primary residence, in excess of $1,000,000 or annual income exceeding $200,000 individually or $300,000 together with a spouse). For these types of transactions, the broker-dealer must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and have received the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to the sale. The broker-dealer also must disclose the commissions payable to the broker-dealer, current bid and offer quotations for the penny stock and, if the broker-dealer is the sole market-maker, the broker-dealer must disclose this fact and the broker-dealer’s presumed control over the market. Such information must be provided to the customer orally or in writing before or with the written confirmation of trade sent to the customer. Monthly statements must be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks. The additional burdens imposed upon broker-dealers by such requirements could discourage broker-dealers from effecting transactions in the common stock which could severely limit the market liquidity of the common stock and the ability of holders of the common stock to sell it.

Our Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws may require us to indemnify such our officers or directors.

Our Articles of Incorporation includes provisions to eliminate, to the fullest extent permitted by Nevada General Corporation Law, the personal liability of directors and officers of BRI for monetary damages arising from a breach of their fiduciary duties as directors. The Articles of Incorporation also includes provisions to the effect that we shall, to the maximum extent permitted from time to time under the laws of the State of Nevada, indemnify any director or officer. In addition, our bylaws require us to indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any director, officer, employee or agent of BRI for acts which such person reasonably believes are not in violation of our corporate purposes as set forth in the Articles of Incorporation.

Potential future issuances of additional common or preferred stock would dilute our current stockholders.

We are authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock. To the extent of such authorization, the board of directors of BRI will have the ability, without seeking stockholder approval, to issue additional shares of common stock in the future for such consideration as the board of directors may consider sufficient. The issuance of additional common stock in the future will reduce the proportionate ownership and voting power of the common stock offered hereby. We are also authorized to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, the rights and preferences of which may be designated in series by the board of directors. To the extent of such authorization, such designations may be made without stockholder approval. The designation and issuance of series of preferred stock in the future would create additional securities which would have dividend and liquidation preferences over the currently outstanding common stock. In addition, the ability to issue any future class or series of preferred stock could impede a non-negotiated change in control and thereby prevent stockholders from obtaining a premium for their common stock.

There is no assurance that a liquid public market for our common stock will develop.

Although our common stock is eligible for quotation on the OTC Bulletin Board and Pink Sheets, there has been no significant trading. There has been no long term established public trading market for our common stock, and there can be no assurance that a regular and established market will be developed and maintained for the securities in the future. There can also be no assurance as to the depth or liquidity of any market for the common stock or the prices at which holders may be able to sell the shares.

The market price of our common stock is, and is likely to continue to be, highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations

In the event that a public market for our common stock is created, market prices for the common stock will be influenced by many factors, some of which are beyond our control, including:

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These and other factors are largely beyond our control, and the impact of these risks, singly or in the aggregate, may result in material adverse changes to the market price of our common stock and/or our results of operations and financial condition.

Our operating results may fluctuate significantly, which cause the price of our common stock to decline.

Our operating results will likely vary in the future primarily as the result of fluctuations in our production royalty, assuming commercial oil and gas is discovered on our mineral rights property. Our revenues and operating expenses, expenses that we incur regarding investments in drilling programs with other partners, the prices of oil and natural gas in the commodities markets and other factors, may all cause significant fluctuations in our operating results. If our results of operations do not meet the expectations of current or potential investors, the price of our common stock may decline.

We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

We do not intend to declare dividends for the foreseeable future, as we anticipate that we will reinvest any future earnings in the development and growth of our business. Therefore, investors will not receive any funds unless they sell their common stock, and stockholders may be unable to sell their shares on favorable terms or at all. Investors cannot be assured of a positive return on investment or that they will not lose the entire amount of their investment in our common stock and warrants.

Risks Related To the Oil and Gas Industry

Our cash flows, results of operations, and general financial condition depend to a great extent on the prevailing prices for crude oil and natural gas.

The extent to which we collect royalties from our operators – currently our sole source of income – relies upon our Lessees’ ability to earn revenue from producing oil and gas on our land. That in turn depends on prevailing oil and gas prices, and oil and natural gas are commodities with a history of price volatility that will likely continue. Profitably exploring and producing oil and gas depends to a large extent on exploration and production costs. When oil prices are sufficiently low, we or our operators may obtain less in revenue than is spent on production, which could result in a loss if not offset by our derivative investment activity. Price fluctuations of oil and gas have resulted from a wide variety often unpredictable events or conditions that lie entirely outside of our control. Although it may be impossible to list everything that could potentially affect the price of oil and natural gas, the following list is meant to illustrate the great scope and breadth of factors that may impact oil and gas prices:

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A significant or prolonged decline in crude oil or natural gas price could materially and negatively affect our liquidity. It could also reduce the cash flow we have in capital expenditures and other operating expenses. Such declines in price could limit our ability to access credit and capital markets, which would negatively impact our results of operations. Oil and gas price reductions also decrease the value of our properties, which could require us to write down the value of our property assets. Any of these things could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, as well as the price and trading volume of our common stock.

Drilling for and producing oil and natural gas are high risk activities with many uncertainties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

Initially, our future success will depend on the success of our development, exploitation, production, and exploration activities conducted by our Lessees as our operators on our mineral rights property. Oil and natural gas exploration and production activities are subject to numerous risks beyond our control; including the risk that drilling will not result in commercially viable oil or natural gas production. Our decisions to participate in drilling projects, purchase mineral rights, explore, develop or otherwise exploit prospects or properties will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained through geophysical and geological analyses, production data and engineering studies, the results of which are often inconclusive or subject to varying interpretations. The cost of drilling, completing, and operating wells is often uncertain before drilling commences. Overruns in budgeted expenditures are common risks that can make a particular project uneconomical. Furthermore, many factors may curtail, delay or cancel drilling, including the following:

Exploration for oil and gas is risky and may not be commercially successful. Advanced technologies used by our Lessees cannot eliminate exploration risk, and Lessees falling short of commercial success could impair our ability to generate revenues.

Our future success will depend on the success of exploratory drilling conducted by the Lessees on our mineral rights property. Oil and gas exploration involves a high degree of risk. These risks are more acute in the early stages of exploration. Our ability to produce revenue and our resulting financial performance are significantly affected by the prices we receive for oil and natural gas produced from wells on our acreage, if any. Especially in recent years, the prices at which oil and natural gas trade in the open market have experienced significant volatility, and will likely continue to fluctuate in the foreseeable future due to a variety of influences including, but not limited to, the following:

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Expenditures on exploration on our mineral rights property may not result in new discoveries of oil or natural gas in commercially viable quantities. It is difficult to project the costs of implementing exploratory horizontal drilling programs on our acreage due to the inherent uncertainties of drilling in unknown formations, the costs associated with encountering various drilling conditions, such as over-pressured zones and tools lost in the hole, and changes in drilling plans and locations as a result of prior exploratory wells or additional seismic data and interpretations thereof.

Even when used and properly interpreted, three-dimensional (3-D) seismic data and visualization techniques only assist geoscientists in identifying subsurface structures and hydrocarbon indicators. They do not allow the interpreter to know conclusively if hydrocarbons are present or economically producible. In addition, the use of three-dimensional (3-D) seismic data becomes less reliable when used at increasing depths. Our Lessees could incur losses as a result of expenditures on unsuccessful wells on our acreage. If exploration costs exceed estimates, or if exploration efforts do not produce results which meet expectations of our Lessees, exploration efforts may not be commercially successful, which could adversely impact our Lessees’ ability to generate revenues from operations on our acreage.

Estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves are uncertain and any material inaccuracies in these reserve estimates will materially affect the quantities and the value of our reserves.

The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is complex. This process requires significant decisions and assumptions in the evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data for such reservoir. Therefore, these estimates are inherently imprecise. Actual future production, oil and natural gas prices, revenues, taxes, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves will vary from those estimated. Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities and the value of our reserves.

Our oil company Lessees may not be able to develop oil and gas reserves on an economically viable basis on our mineral rights property.

If our oil company lessees succeed in discovering oil and/or natural gas reserves, we cannot be assured that these reserves will be capable of long-term sustainable production levels or in sufficient quantities to be commercially viable. On a long-term basis, our viability depends on our Lessees’ ability to find or acquire, develop and commercially produce additional oil and natural gas reserves on our acreage. Our future revenue will depend not only on the Lessees ability to develop our acreage, but also on our ability to identify and acquire additional suitable producing properties or prospects, to find markets for the oil and natural gas if we can develop a prospect and to effectively distribute any production into our markets.

Future oil and gas exploration may involve unprofitable efforts, not only from dry wells, but from holes that are productive but do not produce sufficient net revenues to return a profit after drilling, operating and other costs. Completion of a well does not assure a profit on the investment or recovery of drilling, completion, and operating costs. In addition, drilling hazards or environmental damage could greatly increase the cost of operations, and various field operating conditions may adversely affect the production from successful wells. These conditions include delays in obtaining governmental approvals or consents, shut-downs of connected wells resulting from extreme weather conditions, problems in storage and distribution and adverse geological and mechanical conditions. While our Lessees will endeavor to effectively manage these conditions, they cannot be assured of doing so optimally, and they will not be able to eliminate them completely in any case. Therefore, these conditions could diminish our royalty revenue and cash flow levels and result in the impairment of our oil and natural gas interests.

Environmental regulations may adversely affect our business.

All phases of the oil and gas business present environmental risks and hazards and are subject to environmental regulation pursuant to a variety of federal, state and municipal laws and regulations. Environmental legislation provides for, among other things, restrictions and prohibitions on spills, releases or emissions of various substances produced in association with oil and gas operations. The legislation also requires that wells and facility sites be operated, maintained, abandoned and reclaimed to the satisfaction of applicable regulatory authorities. Compliance with such legislation can require significant expenditures and a breach may result in the imposition of fines and penalties, some of which may be material. Environmental legislation is evolving in a manner we expect may result in stricter standards and enforcement, larger fines and liability and potentially increased capital expenditures and operating costs. The discharge of oil, natural gas, or other pollutants into the air, soil or water may give rise to liabilities to governments and third parties and may require us to incur costs to remedy such discharge.

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The application of environmental laws to our business may cause us to curtail our production or increase the costs of our production, development or exploration activities.

Federal or state hydraulic fracturing legislation could increase our Lessees’ costs or restrict their access to oil and natural gas reserves.

Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practice that is used to stimulate production of natural gas and/or oil from dense subsurface rock formations. The process involves the injection of water, sand and chemicals under pressure into the targeted subsurface formations to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production. Hydraulic fracturing using fluids other than diesel is currently exempt from regulation under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act (the “SDWA”), but opponents of hydraulic fracturing have called for further study of the technique’s environmental effects and, in some cases, a moratorium on the use of the technique. Several proposals have been submitted to Congress that, if implemented, would subject all hydraulic fracturing to regulation under SDWA. Eliminating this exemption could establish an additional level of regulation and permitting at the federal level that could lead to Our Lessees’ operational delays or increased their operating costs and could result in additional regulatory burdens that could make it more difficult to perform hydraulic fracturing and increase our Lessees’ cost of compliance and doing business. In addition, the U.S. Environment Protection Agency’s (the “EPA’s”) Office of Research and Development is conducting a scientific study to investigate the possible relationships between hydraulic fracturing and drinking water. The results of that study, which are expected to be available in draft during 2014 for peer review and public comment, could advance the development of additional regulations.

Moreover, the EPA has announced that it will develop effluent limitations for the treatment and discharge of wastewater resulting from hydraulic fracturing activities in 2014. The U.S. Department of Energy has conducted an investigation into practices the agency could recommend to better protect the environment from drilling using hydraulic fracturing completion methods and issued a report in 2011 on immediate and longer-term actions that may be taken to reduce environmental and safety risks of shale gas development. Also, in May 2013, the federal Bureau of Land Management published a supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking governing hydraulic fracturing on federal and Indian oil and gas leases that would require public disclosure of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing, confirmation that wells used in fracturing operations meet appropriate construction standards, and development of appropriate plans for managing flow-back water that returns to the surface. These ongoing or proposed studies, depending on their degree of pursuit and any meaningful results obtained, could spur initiatives to further regulate hydraulic fracturing under the federal SDWA or other regulatory mechanisms.

Although it is not possible at this time to predict the final outcome of these ongoing or proposed studies or the requirements of any additional federal or state legislation or regulation regarding hydraulic fracturing, any new federal, state, or local restrictions on hydraulic fracturing that may be imposed in areas where we conduct business, such as the Bakken and Three Forks areas, could significantly increase our Lessees’ operating, capital and compliance costs as well as delay or halt our ability to develop oil and natural gas reserves.

Possible regulation related to global warming and climate change could have an adverse effect on our operations and demand for oil and natural gas.

Based on findings by the EPA in December 2009 that emissions of GHGs present and endangerment to public health and the environment because emissions of such gases are contributing to warming of the Earth’s atmosphere and other climatic changes, the EPA adopted regulations under existing provisions of the CAA that establish PSD construction and Title V operating permit reviews for certain large stationary sources that are potential major sources of GHG emissions. Facilities required to obtain PSD permits for their GHG emissions also will be required to meet “best available control technology” standards that will be established by the states or the EPA. The EPA has also adopted rules requiring the monitoring and reporting of GHG emissions from specified sources in the United States, including, among others, certain onshore oil and natural gas production facilities on an annual basis, which includes certain f our operations. While Congress has from time to time considered legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs, there has not been significant activity in the form of adopted legislation to reduce GHG emissions at the federal level in recent years. In the absence of such federal climate legislation, a number of state and regional efforts have emerged that are aimed at tracking and/or reducing GHG emissions by means of cap and trade programs that typically require major sources of GHG emissions, such as electric power plants, to acquire and surrender emission allowances in return for emitting those GHGs. If Congress undertakes comprehensive tax reform in the coming year, it is possible that such reform may include a carbon tax, which could impose additional direct costs on our operations and reduce demand for refined products. Finally, it should be noted that some scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth’s atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, floods and other climatic events; if any such effects were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our Lessees’ exploration and production operations.

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Our business will suffer if we cannot obtain or maintain necessary licenses.

Our oil company Lessees’ proposed exploration and drilling operations on our mineral rights property will require licenses, permits, bonds, and in some cases renewals of licenses and permits from various governmental authorities. Our Lessees’ ability to obtain, sustain, or renew such licenses and permits on acceptable terms is subject to change in regulations and policies and to the discretion of the applicable governments, among other factors. Our Lessees’ inability to obtain, or our loss of or denial of extension of, any of these licenses or permits could hamper our ability to produce revenues from our operations.

Lessees may have difficulty distributing oil or natural gas production, which could harm our financial condition.

In order to sell the oil and natural gas that our Lessees may be able to produce, they will have to make arrangements for storage and distribution to the market. They will rely on local infrastructure and the availability of transportation for storage and shipment of our products, but infrastructure development and storage and transportation facilities may be insufficient for their needs at commercially acceptable terms in the immediate area of our leases. This could be particularly problematic to the extent that our operations are conducted in remote areas that are difficult to access, such as areas that are distant from shipping and/or pipeline facilities. These factors may affect our Lessees’ ability to explore and develop our property and to store and transport oil and natural gas production and may increase expenses.

Furthermore, weather conditions or natural disasters, actions by companies doing business in one or more of the areas where our property is located. Labor disputes may impair the distribution of oil and/or natural gas and in turn diminish our financial condition or ability to generate royalty income, if commercial wells are drilled and completed on our property, of which there is no assurance.

Challenges to our property rights may impact our financial condition.

Title to oil and gas interests is often not capable of conclusive determination without incurring substantial expense. While we intend to make appropriate inquiries into the title of properties and other development rights we acquire, title defects may exist. In addition, we may be unable to obtain adequate insurance for title defects, on a commercially reasonable basis or at all. If title defects do exist, if a legal dispute concerning such property occurs, it is possible that we may lose all or a portion of our right, title and interests in and to the properties to which the title defects relate.

If our property rights are reduced, our Lessees’ ability to conduct our exploration, development and production activities may be impaired.

Certain U.S. federal income tax deductions currently available with respect to oil and gas exploration and development may be eliminated as a result of proposed legislation.

President Obama’s budget proposal for fiscal year 2014 recommended the elimination of certain key United States federal income tax preferences currently available to oil and natural gas exploration and production companies. These changes include, but are not limited to, (i) the repeal of the percentage depletion allowance for oil and gas properties, (ii) the elimination of current deductions for intangible drilling and development costs, (iii) the elimination of the deduction for United States production activities for oil and gas production, and (iv) the extension of the amortization period for certain geological and geophysical expenditures. It is unclear whether any such changes or similar changes will be enacted or, if enacted, how soon any such changes could become effective. The passage of this legislation or any other similar changes in U.S. federal income tax law could affect certain tax deductions that are currently available with respect to oil and gas exploration and production. Any such changes could have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows primarily because such changes may impact the operations of our operators from whom we currently derive substantially all of our revenues.