By Alexandra Scaggs 

U.S. stocks fell broadly Wednesday as a renewed decline in oil prices weighed down the energy sector.

A statement from the Federal Reserve that it would remain "patient" when it comes to any interest-rate increases failed to give stocks a lift, traders said. Investors had expected the Fed to refrain from making any policy changes at the two-day meeting which ended Wednesday.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 195.84 points, or 1.1%, to 17191.37. The S&P 500 fell 27.39 points, or 1.4%, to 2002.16, and the Nasdaq Composite Index lost 43.50 points, or 0.9%, to 4637.99.

Energy shares in the S&P 500 tumbled 3.9%, as crude-oil futures resumed their monthslong decline, falling 3.9% to $44.45 a barrel. Fourth-quarter profits of energy companies are expected to shrink by 25% from the previous year, according to FactSet, as the oil-price dive weighs on their bottom lines.

The Fed statement said U.S. economic growth remains "solid," and that the central bank would watch financial and international developments before raising rates. Investors have been parsing recent statements from Fed officials for clues about when they could raise interest rates, a move widely expected this year. Analysts say that low interest rates in the U.S. have helped support stock-market gains, since stocks look attractive compared with low-yielding government bonds, and low borrowing costs give a boost to corporate profits.

"They delivered what the market expected," said Chris Gaffney, senior market strategist at EverBank Wealth Management. He said the Fed remains on track to raise rates midyear, which could mean more bumpy trading in the U.S. stock market.

U.S. Treasury bonds rallied after the Fed statement, pushing the yield on the 10-year note down to 1.723%, its lowest level in more than a year.

Because of the recent strength in the dollar, EverBank's Mr. Gaffney thinks that U.S. large-cap stocks could lag behind small-cap shares, which have lower exposure to international markets and currency fluctuations. The U.S. dollar rally has been driven, in part, by diverging monetary policies from global central banks: As the Fed prepares to raise rates, European and Asian central banks have introduced stimulus efforts.

"We're seeing a lot of central banks starting to devalue their currencies...but the U.S. is on a different path," said Mr. Gaffney. He is bullish on European stocks, since the European Central Bank last week introduced a bond-buying program.

Technology stocks outperformed, with the tech sector of the S&P 500 slipping just 0.1%. Apple Inc. rallied 5.7% after " staggering" demand for iPhones helped the company beat even the most bullish Wall Street forecasts.

"Apple put up very strong numbers...[which is] good following a day that was a relative bloodbath," said Brian Fenske, head of sales trading at ITG.

Still, the tech sector extended its 3.3% drop from Tuesday, when a disappointing earnings report from Microsoft Corp. sent that stock down more than 9%. Microsoft shares fell an additional 3.4% on Wednesday.

After Apple's report, stocks in the S&P 500 are on pace for 1.3% fourth-quarter earnings growth, according to FactSet, slightly above analysts' projections of 1.1% at the start of reporting season.

But without the tech giant's 38% profit growth, S&P 500 earnings are on pace for a yearly decline of 0.5%. Profits have been weighed down by worse-than-expected bank results and the impact of falling oil prices on energy companies.

Among Dow components, Boeing Co. jumped 5.4% after it posted better-than-expected quarterly results. But the company gave a weak outlook for profit in 2015, citing the possibility that the dive in oil prices could damage demand for fuel-efficient planes.

AT&T Inc. slipped 0.4% after fourth-quarter earnings and sales narrowly beat Wall Street's expectations. The telecommunications company's results indicated some strain from higher competition among carriers.

Adding to investors' jitters was a continuing slide in Greek bonds and stocks, after last weekend's election of a new leftist government. Investors fear that Syriza's victory could lead to confrontation between Greece and its creditors. Stocks of other indebted countries fell as well, with Spain's IBEX 35 down 1.3% and Italy's FTSE MIB slipping 0.8%. Germany's DAX Index gained 0.8%.

In other markets, gold futures slipped 0.5% to $1285.90 an ounce.

In other earnings news, Yahoo Inc. fell 3.2%, erasing early gains after it announced it would spin off tax-free its holdings in Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. Its per-share earnings beat analyst forecasts.

Electronic Arts Inc. rallied 13% after the videogame maker reported strong results from the holiday-shopping season, exceeding Wall Street's forecasts for its quarterly earnings and revenue.

Write to Alexandra Scaggs at alexandra.scaggs@wsj.com

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