UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 8-K

 

Current Report
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): July 22, 2014
 

TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 

Delaware
 
1-35509
 
82-0543156
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
 
(Commission
File Number)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

200 South 108th Avenue
Omaha, Nebraska
 

68154
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (402) 331-7856
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2.):

[ ] Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
[ ] Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
[ ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
[ ] Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 






Item 2.02    Results of Operations and Financial Condition

On July 22, 2014, the Registrant released its financial results for its third fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2014. A copy of the news release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 9.01    Financial Statements and Exhibits

(d)    Exhibits


 
 
99.1
News Release issued by the Registrant on July 22, 2014




2




SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



Dated: July 22, 2014
TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By: /s/ WILLIAM J. GERBER
 
William J. Gerber
 
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
 
 
                


3






EXHIBIT 99.1

At the Company
 
Kim Hillyer
Jeff Goeser
Director, Communications
Director, Investor Relations and Finance
(402) 574-6523
(402) 597-8464
kim.hillyer@tdameritrade.com
jeffrey.goeser@tdameritrade.com



TD Ameritrade Delivers Another Strong Asset Gathering Quarter

Net Revenues of $763M, up 5% Year-Over-Year
Diluted Earnings per Share of $0.34, up 3% Year-Over-Year
Net New Client Assets of $13.4B, 9% Annualized Growth Rate
Average Client Trades per Day of 401,000

OMAHA, Neb., July 22, 2014 TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation (NYSE: AMTD) has released operating results for the third quarter of fiscal 2014.

The Company’s results for the quarter ended Jun. 30, 2014 include the following:(1) 

Net income of $190 million, or $0.34 per diluted share
Net new client assets of approximately $13.4 billion, an annualized growth rate of 9 percent
Average client trades per day of approximately 401,000, an activity rate of 6.5 percent
Net revenues of $763 million, up 5 percent year-over-year, 56 percent of which were asset-based
Investment product fee revenues of $79 million, up 22 percent year-over-year
Pre-tax income of $310 million, or 41 percent of net revenues
EBITDA(2) of $362 million, or 47 percent of net revenues
Interest rate sensitive assets(3) of $97 billion, up 3 percent year-over-year
Record client assets of approximately $650 billion, up 24 percent year-over-year

“TD Ameritrade’s earnings per share is up 21 percent year-to-date, driven primarily by strong revenue growth. We’re seeing strong demand for guidance-based solutions, increased adoption of mobile platforms and our distribution channels continue to perform well resulting in more than $40 billion in net new client assets, a 10 percent annualized growth rate,” said Fred Tomczyk, president and chief executive officer. “While the markets are experiencing low volatility and summer seasonality, retail investors have remained bullish. We have good momentum to finish out the year and we’re well positioned going forward.”

“TD Ameritrade delivered strong results in the third quarter and we are on pace for another solid year of asset growth. Year-to-date, revenue is $2.3 billion, up 13 percent year-over-year. Net new assets for the third quarter were up 24 percent year-over-year, and interest rate-sensitive assets were up 3 percent. Investment product fees now account for 10 percent of revenues and fee-based investment balances were once again at a record high for the quarter,” said Bill Gerber, executive vice president and chief financial officer.  “We also continue to deliver value to our shareholders through a robust return of capital strategy. We returned $155 million to shareholders this quarter through a mix of dividends and stock repurchases.”











Capital Deployment
During the third quarter of fiscal 2014, TD Ameritrade repurchased 2.9 million shares of its common stock at an average price of $30.48 per share for approximately $89 million.

The Company has also declared a $0.12 per share quarterly cash dividend, payable on Aug. 15, 2014 to all holders of record of common stock as of Aug. 1, 2014.

Company Hosts Conference Call
TD Ameritrade will host its June Quarter conference call this morning, July 22, 2014, at 8:30 a.m. EDT (7:30 a.m. CDT). Participants may listen to the conference call by dialing 888-317-6003. The Company will webcast the conference call through www.amtd.com, via the “Presentations & Events” page of the web site. A replay of the phone call will be available by dialing 877-344-7529 and entering the Conference ID 10048473 beginning at 10:30 a.m. EDT (9:30 a.m. CDT) on July 22, 2014. The replay will be available until 9:00 a.m. EDT (8:00 a.m. CDT) on July 30, 2014. A transcript of the call will be available on the Company’s corporate web site, www.amtd.com, via either the “Investor Relations” page or the “Presentations & Events” page beginning Wednesday, July 23, 2014.

Interested parties can visit or subscribe to newsfeeds at www.amtd.com for the most up-to-date corporate financial information, presentation announcements, transcripts and archives. The company also communicates this information via Twitter, @TDAmeritradePR. Web site links, corporate titles and telephone numbers provided in this release, although correct when published, may change in the future.

Source: TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation

About TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation
Millions of investors and independent registered investment advisors (RIAs) have turned to TD Ameritrade’s (NYSE: AMTD) technology, people and education to help make investing and trading easier to understand and do. Online or over the phone. In a branch or with an independent RIA. First-timer or sophisticated trader. Our clients want to take control, and we help them decide how – bringing Wall Street to Main Street for more than 39 years. An official sponsor of the 2014 and 2016 U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Teams, TD Ameritrade has time and again been recognized as a leader in investment services. Please visit TD Ameritrade’s newsroom or www.amtd.com, or follow @TDAmeritradePR for more information.

Safe Harbor
This document contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions of the federal securities laws. In particular, any projections regarding our future revenues, expenses, earnings, capital expenditures, effective tax rates, client trading activity, accounts or stock price, as well as the assumptions on which such expectations are based, are forward-looking statements. These statements reflect only our current expectations and are not guarantees of future performance or results. These statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results or performance to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and assumptions include, but are not limited to: general economic and political conditions and other securities industry risks, fluctuations in interest rates, stock market fluctuations and changes in client trading activity, credit risk with clients and counterparties, increased competition, systems failures, delays and capacity constraints, network security risks, liquidity risks, new laws and regulations affecting our business, regulatory and legal matters and uncertainties and other risk factors described in our latest Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on Nov. 22, 2013 and our latest Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed thereafter. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which the statements were made. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by the federal securities laws.










1 Please see the Glossary of Terms, located in “Investor” section of www.amtd.com for more information on how these metrics are calculated.

2See attached reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures.  

3Interest rate-sensitive assets consist of spread-based assets and money market mutual funds. Ending balances as of June 30, 2014.

Brokerage services provided by TD Ameritrade, Inc., member FINRA (www.FINRA.org) /SIPC (www.SIPC.org) /NFA (www.nfa.futures.org).





















































TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
In millions, except per share amounts
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarter Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
June 30, 2014
 
Mar. 31, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
 
June 30, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Transaction-based revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      Commissions and transaction fees
$
317

 
$
374

 
$
321

 
$
1,019

 
$
865

   
Asset-based revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      Interest revenue
150

 
148

 
122

 
426

 
356

      Brokerage interest expense
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
(2
)
 
(5
)
 
(5
)
      Net interest revenue
149

 
146

 
120

 
421

 
351

      
      Insured deposit account fees
202

 
202

 
199

 
612

 
604

      Investment product fees
79

 
75

 
65

 
226

 
182

         Total asset-based revenues
430

 
423

 
384

 
1,259

 
1,137

   
Other revenues
16

 
15

 
20

 
49

 
53

      Net revenues
763

 
812

 
725

 
2,327

 
2,055


Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Employee compensation and benefits
189

 
193

 
176

 
565

 
522

   Clearing and execution costs
35

 
34

 
30

 
98

 
81

   Communications
29

 
28

 
28

 
84

 
85

   Occupancy and equipment costs
39

 
40

 
42

 
116

 
121

   Depreciation and amortization
24

 
24

 
22

 
71

 
63

   Amortization of acquired intangible assets
22

 
22

 
23

 
68

 
68

   Professional services
42

 
37

 
36

 
117

 
103

   Advertising
48

 
94

 
56

 
205

 
184

   Other
19

 
17

 
14

 
57

 
52

      Total operating expenses
447

 
489

 
427

 
1,381

 
1,279


Operating income
316

 
323

 
298

 
946

 
776


Other expense (income):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Interest on borrowings
6

 
6

 
6

 
18

 
19

   Gain on sale of investments

 

 
(6
)
 

 
(8
)
      Total other expense (income)
6

 
6

 

 
18

 
11

Pre-tax income
310

 
317

 
298

 
928

 
765

Provision for income taxes
120

 
123

 
114

 
352

 
291

Net income
$
190

 
$
194

 
$
184

 
$
576

 
$
474


Earnings per share - basic
$
0.34

 
$
0.35

 
$
0.33

 
$
1.05

 
$
0.86

Earnings per share - diluted
$
0.34

 
$
0.35

 
$
0.33

 
$
1.04

 
$
0.86


Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
551

 
551

 
550

 
551

 
548

Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
555

 
556

 
554

 
555

 
553


Dividends declared per share
$
0.12

 
$
0.12

 
$
0.09

 
$
0.86

 
$
0.77







TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
In millions
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2014
 
Sept. 30, 2013
Assets:
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,260

 
$
1,062

 
Segregated cash and investments
5,258

 
5,894

 
Broker/dealer receivables
1,315

 
1,348

 
Client receivables, net
11,231

 
8,984

 
Goodwill and intangible assets
3,240

 
3,308

 
Other
1,275

 
1,240

 
 
Total assets
$
23,579

 
$
21,836


Liabilities and stockholders' equity:
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Broker/dealer payables
$
2,537

 
$
1,973

 
Client payables
14,265

 
13,183

 
Notes payable
150

 

 
Long-term debt
1,041

 
1,052

 
Other
888

 
952

 
 
Total liabilities
18,881

 
17,160

Stockholders' equity
4,698

 
4,676

 
 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
23,579

 
$
21,836







TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION
SELECTED OPERATING DATA
(Unaudited)
 
Quarter Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
June 30, 2014
 
Mar. 31, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
 
June 30, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
Key Metrics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net new assets (in billions)
$
13.4

 
$
12.2

 
$
10.8

 
$
40.0

 
$
39.4

Net new asset growth rate (annualized)
9
%
 
8
%
 
8
%
 
10
%
 
11
%
Average client trades per day
401,468

 
491,963

 
399,216

 
435,123

 
370,874

Profitability Metrics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating margin
41.4
%
 
39.8
%
 
41.1
%
 
40.7
%
 
37.8
%
Pre-tax margin
40.6
%
 
39.0
%
 
41.1
%
 
39.9
%
 
37.2
%
Return on average stockholders' equity (annualized)
16.2
%
 
16.9
%
 
16.4
%
 
16.5
%
 
14.3
%
EBITDA(1) as a percentage of net revenues
47.4
%
 
45.4
%
 
48.1
%
 
46.6
%
 
44.5
%
Liquidity Metrics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on borrowings (in millions)
$
6

 
$
6

 
$
6

 
$
18

 
$
19

Interest coverage ratio (EBITDA(1)/interest on borrowings)
60.3

 
61.5

 
58.2

 
60.3

 
48.2

Liquid assets - management target(1) (in billions)
$
0.8

 
$
0.7

 
$
0.7

 
$
0.8

 
$
0.7

Cash and cash equivalents (in billions)
$
1.3

 
$
0.9

 
$
1.0

 
$
1.3

 
$
1.0

Transaction-Based Revenue Metrics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total trades (in millions)
25.3

 
30.0

 
25.5

 
81.4

 
68.6

Average commissions and transaction fees per trade(2)
$
12.52

 
$
12.47

 
$
12.57

 
$
12.51

 
$
12.60

Average client trades per funded account (annualized)
16.2

 
20.2

 
16.8

 
17.9

 
15.7

Activity rate - funded accounts
6.5
%
 
8.1
%
 
6.7
%
 
7.1
%
 
6.3
%
Trading days
63.0

 
61.0

 
64.0

 
187.0

 
185.0

Order routing revenue (in millions)
$
72

 
$
84

 
$
64

 
$
226

 
$
174

Spread-Based Asset Metrics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average interest-earning assets (in billions)
$
18.8

 
$
18.5

 
$
16.1

 
$
18.3

 
$
15.5

Average insured deposit account balances (in billions)
72.4

 
73.0

 
68.6

 
72.7

 
66.6

   Average spread-based balance (in billions)
$
91.2

 
$
91.5

 
$
84.7

 
$
91.0

 
$
82.1


Net interest revenue (in millions)
$
149

 
$
146

 
$
120

 
$
421

 
$
351

Insured deposit account fee revenue (in millions)
202

 
202

 
199

 
612

 
604

   Spread-based revenue (in millions)
$
351

 
$
348

 
$
319

 
$
1,033

 
$
955


Avg. annualized yield - interest-earning assets
3.13
%
 
3.17
%
 
2.95
%
 
3.04
%
 
2.97
%
Avg. annualized yield - insured deposit account fees
1.10
%
 
1.10
%
 
1.15
%
 
1.11
%
 
1.19
%
   Net interest margin (NIM)
1.52
%
 
1.52
%
 
1.49
%
 
1.50
%
 
1.53
%
Fee-Based Investment Metrics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market mutual fund fees:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Average balance (in billions)
$
5.2

 
$
5.2

 
$
5.1

 
$
5.2

 
$
5.1

  Average annualized yield
0.00
%
 
0.00
%
 
0.00
%
 
0.00
%
 
0.02
%
  Fee revenue (in millions)
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1

Market fee-based investment balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Average balance (in billions)
$
133.3

 
$
128.4

 
$
113.0

 
$
129.0

 
$
104.5

  Average annualized yield
0.24
%
 
0.23
%
 
0.23
%
 
0.23
%
 
0.23
%
  Fee revenue (in millions)
$
79

 
$
75

 
$
65

 
$
226

 
$
181


Average fee-based investment balances (in billions)
$
138.5

 
$
133.6

 
$
118.1

 
$
134.2

 
$
109.6

Average annualized yield
0.23
%
 
0.22
%
 
0.22
%
 
0.22
%
 
0.22
%
Investment product fee revenue (in millions)
$
79

 
$
75

 
$
65

 
$
226

 
$
182

(1) See attached reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures.
(2) Average commissions and transaction fees per trade excludes TD Waterhouse UK business.
NOTE: See Glossary of Terms on the Company's web site at www.amtd.com for definitions of the above metrics.






TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION
SELECTED OPERATING DATA
(Unaudited)

 
Quarter Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
June 30, 2014
 
Mar. 31, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
 
June 30, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
Client Account and Client Asset Metrics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funded accounts (beginning of period)
6,146,000

 
6,048,000

 
5,880,000

 
5,993,000

 
5,764,000

Funded accounts (end of period)
6,237,000

 
6,146,000

 
5,943,000

 
6,237,000

 
5,943,000

Percentage change during period
1
%
 
2
%
 
1
%
 
4
%
 
3
%

Client assets (beginning of period, in billions)
$
617.1

 
$
596.5

 
$
516.8

 
$
555.9

 
$
472.3

Client assets (end of period, in billions)
$
650.2

 
$
617.1

 
$
523.5

 
$
650.2

 
$
523.5

Percentage change during period
5
%
 
3
%
 
1
%
 
17
%
 
11
%

Net Interest Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segregated cash:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Average balance (in billions)
$
5.2

 
$
5.3

 
$
4.7

 
$
5.3

 
$
4.3

  Average annualized yield
0.14
%
 
0.14
%
 
0.11
%
 
0.13
%
 
0.13
%
  Interest revenue (in millions)
$
2

 
$
2

 
$
1

 
$
5

 
$
4


Client margin balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Average balance (in billions)
$
11.0

 
$
10.5

 
$
8.6

 
$
10.3

 
$
8.6

  Average annualized yield
3.79
%
 
3.85
%
 
3.91
%
 
3.85
%
 
3.97
%
  Interest revenue (in millions)
$
105

 
$
101

 
$
85

 
$
299

 
$
259


Securities borrowing/lending:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Average securities borrowing balance (in billions)
$
1.0

 
$
1.1

 
$
1.2

 
$
1.1

 
$
1.0

  Average securities lending balance (in billions)
$
2.6

 
$
2.8

 
$
2.3

 
$
2.5

 
$
2.1

  Net interest revenue - securities borrowing/lending (in millions)
$
42

 
$
43

 
$
34

 
$
117

 
$
88


Other cash and interest-earning investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Average balance (in billions)
$
1.6

 
$
1.6

 
$
1.6

 
$
1.6

 
$
1.6

  Average annualized yield
0.06
%
 
0.09
%
 
0.11
%
 
0.07
%
 
0.08
%
  Interest revenue - net (in millions)
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
1

 
$
1


Client credit balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Average balance (in billions)
$
11.5

 
$
11.0

 
$
9.4

 
$
11.1

 
$
9.2

  Average annualized cost
0.01
%
 
0.01
%
 
0.01
%
 
0.01
%
 
0.01
%
  Interest expense (in millions)
$
(0
)
 
$
(0
)
 
$
(0
)
 
$
(1
)
 
$
(1
)

Average interest-earning assets (in billions)
$
18.8

 
$
18.5

 
$
16.1

 
$
18.3

 
$
15.5

Average annualized yield
3.13
%
 
3.17
%
 
2.95
%
 
3.04
%
 
2.97
%
Net interest revenue (in millions)
$
149

 
$
146

 
$
120

 
$
421

 
$
351

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE: See Glossary of Terms on the Company's web site at www.amtd.com for definitions of the above metrics.






TD AMERITRADE HOLDING CORPORATION
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Dollars in millions
(Unaudited)

 
Quarter Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
June 30, 2014
 
Mar. 31, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
 
June 30, 2014
 
June 30, 2013
 
$
 
% of Net Rev.
 
$
 
% of Net Rev.
 
$
 
% of Net Rev.
 
$
 
% of Net Rev.
 
$
 
% of Net Rev.
EBITDA (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA
$
362

 
47.4
 %
 
$
369

 
45.4
 %
 
$
349

 
48.1
 %
 
$
1,085

 
46.6
 %
 
$
915

 
44.5
 %
Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
(24
)
 
(3.1
)%
 
(24
)
 
(3.0
)%
 
(22
)
 
(3.0
)%
 
(71
)
 
(3.1
)%
 
(63
)
 
(3.1
)%
Amortization of acquired intangible assets
(22
)
 
(2.9
)%
 
(22
)
 
(2.7
)%
 
(23
)
 
(3.2
)%
 
(68
)
 
(2.9
)%
 
(68
)
 
(3.3
)%
Interest on borrowings
(6
)
 
(0.8
)%
 
(6
)
 
(0.7
)%
 
(6
)
 
(0.8
)%
 
(18
)
 
(0.8
)%
 
(19
)
 
(0.9
)%
Provision for income taxes
(120
)
 
(15.7
)%
 
(123
)
 
(15.1
)%
 
(114
)
 
(15.7
)%
 
(352
)
 
(15.1
)%
 
(291
)
 
(14.2
)%
Net income
$
190

 
24.9
 %
 
$
194

 
23.9
 %
 
$
184

 
25.4
 %
 
$
576

 
24.8
 %
 
$
474

 
23.1
 %

 
As of
 
June 30, 2014
 
Mar. 31, 2014
 
Dec. 31, 2013
 
Sept. 30, 2013
 
June 30, 2013
Liquid Assets - Management Target (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquid assets - management target
$
767

 
$
706

 
$
707

 
$
874

 
$
728

Plus: Broker-dealer cash and cash equivalents
871

 
508

 
926

 
540

 
555

          Trust company cash and cash equivalents
54

 
64

 
60

 
74

 
39

          Investment advisory cash and cash equivalents
9

 
14

 
25

 
19

 
28

Less: Excess broker-dealer regulatory net capital
(441
)
 
(359
)
 
(409
)
 
(445
)
 
(387
)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,260

 
$
933

 
$
1,309

 
$
1,062

 
$
963


Note: The term "GAAP" in the following explanation refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
(1)
EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) is considered a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by SEC Regulation G. We consider EBITDA an important measure of our financial performance and of our ability to generate cash flows to service debt, fund capital expenditures and fund other corporate investing and financing activities. EBITDA is used as the denominator in the consolidated leverage ratio calculation for covenant purposes under our holding company's senior revolving credit facility. EBITDA eliminates the non-cash effect of tangible asset depreciation and amortization and intangible asset amortization. EBITDA should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, pre-tax income, net income and cash flows from operating activities.
(2)
Liquid assets - management target is considered a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by SEC Regulation G. We include the excess capital of our broker-dealer subsidiaries in the calculation of liquid assets - management target, rather than simply including broker-dealer cash and cash equivalents, because capital requirements may limit the amount of cash available for dividend from the broker-dealer subsidiaries to the parent company. Excess capital, as defined below, is generally available for dividend from the broker-dealer subsidiaries to the parent company. We consider liquid assets - management target to be an important measure of our liquidity and of our ability to fund corporate investing and financing activities. Liquid assets - management target should be considered a supplemental measure of liquidity, rather than a substitute for cash and cash equivalents.
 
We define liquid assets - management target as the sum of (a) corporate cash and cash equivalents, (b) corporate short-term investments and (c) regulatory net capital of (i) our clearing broker-dealer subsidiary in excess of 10% of aggregate debit items and (ii) our introducing broker-dealer subsidiaries in excess of a minimum operational target established by management ($50 million in the case of our primary introducing broker-dealer, TD Ameritrade, Inc.). Liquid assets - management target is based on more conservative measures of broker-dealer net capital than regulatory thresholds require because we prefer to maintain significantly more conservative levels of net capital at the broker-dealer subsidiaries. We consider liquid assets - management target to be a measure that reflects our liquidity that would be readily available for corporate investing and financing activities under normal operating circumstances.


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